3rd Exploratory Meeting of the Justice Health Field
Singapore, October 2009-10-13
Catherine A Gallagher, PhD cgallag4@gmu.edu +1(301)938-4146
Stuart A Kinner, PhD kinner@burnet.edu.au +61 (3) 8506-2368
Why we are here
For the 3rd exploratory meeting, prior to submitting an application for a Cochrane
entity, we would like your feedback and input.
What is justice health?
Justice Health is best conceived of as targeting: (a) an especially high-risk population
(those under the supervision of the justice system, either in institutions or in the
community), that is (b) served in a unique setting (one that is often offered in or
coordinated by the justice system infrastructure in prisons, jails, and detention
centers), or (c) under unique circumstances in the community (for those supervised by
justice systems while they continue to live at home or in more open community-based
settings). Justice health (d) includes adults and adolescents, as well as the families of
justice-involved persons. Finally, (e) populations under the control of justice systems
around the world are disproportionately racial and ethnic minorities, from lower
socio-economic classes, and on the whole, are under-resourced, undereducated, and
suffer from constellations of social, physical and mental health problems. Because (f)
health care for these populations is often substandard, there is a common theme across
the world of human rights concerns and issues of health care equity.
Why do we need a justice health field?
There is every symptom of a lack of knowledge.
- heterogeneity of interventions and outcomes reflecting lack of coherence in
the field: wild variation in practice
- tremendous human rights and equity issues
- complexity of interventions and outcomes
- failure of knowledge synthesis, failure of knowledge/evidence translation: to
inform policy: lack of evidence-based guidelines and demonstrably ineffective
practices
- disproportionate burden of disease => disproportionate gains from evidencebased interventions
- significant and diverse public health implications, often poorly
recognised/underestimated
- gaps in knowledge, but unclear where to prioritise primary research resources
Who can be involved?
YOU!
Consumers and Communication Group
Depression, Anxiety and Neuroses Group
Developmental, Psychosocial and Learning Problems Group
Drugs and Alcohol Group
Effective Practice and Organization of Care Group
Economic Methods Group
HIV/AIDS Group
Infectious Disease Group
Injuries Group
Oral Health Group
Pregnancy and Childbirth Group
Public Health Group
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Group
Tobacco Addiction Group
Wounds Group
Behavioral Medicine Field
Health Equity Field
Child Health Field
Primary Health Care Field
Vaccine Field
Will this duplicate existing entities?
Despite shared terrain, need for a dedicated field to handle:
- Specialised register
- Vagaries of knowledge dissemination in this politicised and complex area
- Complex settings and complex populations: medically, socially and
economically.
- Great and underestimated heterogeneity of health outcomes.
- Legal issues and requirements
- Support (both directly and indirectly) activities for conducting and promoting
systematic reviews
- Sensitise Cochrane Collaboration to this population, which is increasingly
identified as a critical population for public health
- Almost all prisoners become ex-prisoners. “prisoner health is public health”
- We have to understand the CONTEXT: without this understanding, we risk
losing the clinical and policy implications of both primary research and
systematic reviews
What we see as some of our immediate responsibilities
- Support the systematic review process
- Work with willing review groups
- Lead in overviews of reviews in JH setting/populations
- Provide financial and in-kind support to conduct reviews
- Facilitate access to relevant experts to assist in completion of reviews
- Continue to develop specialized registry, open access libraries and open access
information management programs
- Doctoral-level programs designed to encourage participation in JH research
- Capacity building in clinical and policy research settings
- Continue to secure funding for infrastructure, training, and systematic reviews
Proposed field structure:
Field Co-Coordinators:
Catherine A. Gallagher, PhD, is an Associate Professor and Director of the Justice,
Law and Crime Policy Graduate Program at George Mason University. Her research
focuses on the ways in which the intersection between health care and justice agencies
may be improved to better meet the needs of high-risk populations and the public
health of their larger communities. Her work on justice-involved adolescents has
appeared in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry, the Journal of Adolescent Health, Social Science and Medicine and
Pediatrics. She routinely works with the federal agencies such as the Office of
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the Centers for Disease Control, the
Office of the Surgeon General, and the U.S. Bureau of the Census in developing and
monitoring national statistical programs and providing policy-relevant analyses. She
led the epidemiological and legal research efforts behind a joint-agency Federal
Initiative on Juvenile Justice Health, currently serves on the Campbell Crime and
Justice Steering Group and actively participates with the WHO Prison Health board.
Dr Stuart Kinner is a Senior Research Fellow with the Macfarlane Burnet Institute
for Medical Research and Public Health (the Burnet Institute) in Melbourne,
Australia. He also holds Adjunct positions in the School of Public Health and
Preventive Medicine, Monash University; and the School of Population Health,
University of Queensland. Dr Kinner has a background in forensic psychology and is
currently chief investigator for two large studies of ex-prisoner health: a randomised
controlled trial of a health intervention for ex-prisoners in Queensland (the Passports
study) and a study of the timing, causes and predictors of mortality among exprisoners (the MARC study). Dr Kinner’s research interests include the health of
prisoners and ex-prisoners, the epidemiology of illicit drug use, and social and
structural determinants of health in marginalised populations. He regularly presents
his research findings at national and international conferences and has published
widely in the area of substance use, health and antisocial behaviour. Dr Kinner is a
member of a Technical Expert Group advising the Australian Institute of Health and
Welfare on the development of a National Minimum Data Set for prisoner health, and
has a particular interest in transferring research findings into policy and practice. In
the last year he has consulted with the Prison Mental Health Service in Queensland,
Australia and has an ongoing consultancy with the United Nations Office on Drugs
and Crime.
Field Administrator:
Anne Douds, J.D., ABD is a former trial attorney who is completing her doctorate in
justice policy at George Mason University. Ms. Douds graduated from Duke
University in 1990 with a bachelor’s degree in political science; from Emory
University School of Law, with honors, in 1994; and she is scheduled to complete her
doctoral program in the winter 2010. Ms. Douds also studied government and
literature at the University of Zimbabwe and the University of Gaborone. She started
her career on two Congressional staffs (Congressman John Lewis and Congressman
Ben Jones), then she moved into the United States Attorney’s office in Georgia.
Before entering the non-profit sector, she worked for a decade as the managing
partner in a general trial practice where she represented youth in civil, criminal, and
capital proceedings. In addition to serving as the Executive Director, she pursues two
primary research agendas: improving health care delivery among justice-involved
youth and developing evidence-based advocacy protocols for legal and clinical
practitioners.
Field Trials Search Co-Coordinators:
Kimberly Mehlman-Orozco, MA is a doctoral student in the Justice, Law, and
Crime Policy Department at George Mason University specializing in meta analyses
of prevalence data on health conditions among immigrant and justice involved
populations. She also is completing a graduate certificate in Epidemiology and
Biostatistics. In 2005, Kimberly graduated cum laude with a B.S. from George Mason
University. As an undergraduate she majored in Administration of Justice and
minored in Psychology. She also holds a M.A. from George Mason University in
Justice, Law and Crime Policy. As a masters student, Ms. Mehlman-Orozco was the
recipient of the Dean's Challenge Scholarship; an award given to only a few
outstanding scholars. Ms. Mehlman-Orozco has been certified as a library researcher
by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the National Network
for the Library of Medicine (NN/LM), Ovid, and ProQuest. She is qualified in
STATA, SPSS, and Epi-Info.
Kate van Dooren commenced her PhD at the School of Population Health,
University of Queensland, Australia in October 2007. Her research focuses on the
health-related experiences of young people aged 18 to 24 years as they transition out
of prison. Prior to commencing her PhD, Kate worked at the Public Advocate of the
ACT, as a child and youth advocate, and before this, was Policy Officer at the Youth
Coalition of the ACT, the peak body for young people in Canberra.
Systematic Review Analysts
Monica Rengifo-Pardo, MD is currently, leading a systematic review about
Pitiyriasis Versicolor (an infectious skin disease) for the Skin Group of the Cochrane
Collaboration, and scheduled to attend with the Canadian Cochrane Network and
Centre for the Fall 2009 Research Webinar Series. Dr. Rengifo-Pardo’s interest in
justice-involved populations stems from her desire, as a physician, to identify
populations who are more in need of better health service based upon adequate
government policies. Using available data, Dr. Rengifo-Pardo is able to contribute to
better service, indentify opportunities for increased health coverage for the most
prevalent diseases affecting those populations and create public health strategies to
prevent the incidence of them. In addition to Dr. Rengifo-Pardo’s involvement with
the Cochrane Skin Group, she is an International Fellow of the American Academy of
Dermatology and a Clinical Interpreter at NIH.
Jose Orozco is currently a second year student in the International Commerce &
Policy Master’s Program. Before starting his Master’s Program, Jose was a Peace
Corps Volunteer in the Francophone country of Benin, West Africa from 2006-2008.
As a Peace Corps Volunteer, Jose worked with the community and non-governmental
organizations to promote small business development and education for
underprivileged children, especially girls. Another major focus as a volunteer was to
educate the public on infectious diseases, sexually transmitted infections and
HIV/AIDS awareness.
Prior to his Peace Corps Service, Jose worked for the Department of State, under the
Foreign Service Institute from 2004-2006 and served as a liaison between Foreign
Service Officers, administration, and teachers in African and European Language
division. During this time, Jose took French training courses and mentored troubled
youth at the Virginia Hispanic Committee.
Jing Du is currently working toward a master’s degree in Epidemiology and
Biostatistics at George Mason University. Jing is interested in studying diabetes in
the Juvenile Justice Population. Fluent in Chinese.
Aishah Babaa is pursuing a master’s degree in Public Health from George Mason
University and has particular interest in the affects of obesity in children. Fluent in
Arabic.
Selma Nijs is a student of International Business Management with a concentration in
marketing and management at Tufts University. Fluent in Dutch and German.
Conversational fluency in Turkish.
Field Manager
Allyson M. Ashley is Administrator of the Lloyd Society and handles all aspects of
finances and budgeting, human resources, conference planning and administrative
support to the Society. She currently volunteers to further the availability of special
education opportunities, to all students, along the entire spectrum of learning from
Learning Disabled to Advanced Academic Programs. Prior to joining The Lloyd
Society, Allyson was National Account Manager for Hilton Hotels and Resorts where
she was awarded Outstanding Achievement for Sales Production three consecutive
years. She received a B.S. of Business Management from The Pennsylvania State
University in 1991.
Field Specialised Database Coordinator
Jack Chirieleison is the Chief Technology Officer of The Lloyd Society. As Lloyd’s
Chief Technology Officer, Jack coordinates all automated systems for the U.S.
Department of Justice Census of Juveniles on Probation, with direct responsibility for
web development, database design and management, and geographic map and graph
programming, as well as supervision of network functions and security. Prior to
joining The Lloyd Society in 2008, Jack was Owner/Principal of Luminosa Creative
Services, a multidisciplinary company formed in 2004 to provide web development
and design, publication design, digital media creation, project documentation and
software training to public and private sector clients. Luminosa clients included the
National Library of Medicine of the U.S. National Institutes of Health; George Mason
University; the Center for Public Service Communication; the Center for Information
Policy at the University of Maryland; the University of Michigan’s School of
Information; Aquarian Entertainment LLC; and Environmental Profiles, Inc. He
attended the University of Maryland and Clemson University, where he received the
Freshman English Prize.
Equity Liaison
Ajima Olaghere is a graduate student at George Mason University in the Justice,
Law and Crime Policy Program. She is co-developing the Human Rights Justice
Health Library for the International Network for Justice Health and co-authoring a
book chapter on health policy and human rights. She also serves as a Graduate
Research Fellow with George Mason’s Center for Justice, Law, and Society and
works as a volunteer intern at The Sentencing Project. Prior to starting her graduate
studies, Ms. Olaghere worked with the U.S. Sentencing Commission and the
Commission on Safety and Abuse in America’s Prisons, an affiliate non-profit
organization of the Vera Institute of Justice. Her current research involves studying
the relationship between family criminality and sentencing recommendations
Ms. Olaghere earned her Bachelor’s degree in Sociology at Colby College in 2007 is
completing her M.A. degree in Justice, Law, and Crime Policy at George Mason
University, and plans to continue into the doctoral program. Her research interests
include conditions of confinement and rehabilitative and education-driven sentencing
and penal policy. Ms. Olaghere believes in balancing research work and endeavors
with community service and direct work when possible: she currently serves as Vice
Chair of Precinct 13-30 for the Montgomery Democratic Central Committee, mentors,
and is a founding member of her neighborhood civic association. Her academic
interests include development of sentencing and penal policies as well as
implementation practices and trends in sentencing and penal policy.
Regional Representatives
Lars Moller, MD, DMSc of the World Health Organization manages the WHO
Health in Prisons Project. As a medical doctor with advanced degrees in
epidemiology and public health, Dr. Moller provides invaluable guidance, advice, and
technical support to the 39 European Member states of the Health in Prisons Prokject.
His publications within the last year include Women’s health in prison: Correcting
gender inequity in prison health. WHO Regional Office for Europe 2009 and the
Trencin Statements on prisons and mental health. WHO Regional Office for Europe
2008. He also is a membr of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and the
Pompidou Group of the Council of Europe.
Jayadev Sarangi, PhD is a prison expert with the United Nations Office on Drugs
and Crime, Regional Office for South Asia. Dr. Sarangi’s current work includes a
project to build capacities of participating countries to incorporate oral substitution
treatment (OST) for drug dependents in South Asia. The program has been
implemented successfully in Bangladesh, Bhjutan, India, Maldeves, Nepal, and Sri
Lanka thus far.
Terrance J. Wade, PhD, Canada Research Chair, Youth and Wellness and
Associate Professor, Brock University. Dr. Wade examines the interrelationships
among adolescent health conditions and delinquency. His current projects include: A
multidisciplinary examination of cognitive and socioemotional self-regulation in
adolescents: psychosocial, neurocognitive, and autonomic determinants, which is
funded through the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
Consumer Representatives
David Williams, MSc in Public Service Management. David is the Programme
Consultant for the Offender Health and Social Care Programme in the NHS West
Midlands, United Kingdom. The Offender Health and Social Care programme, is
working to reduce health inequalities for offenders across the criminal justice system
within the West Midlands government region. The work programme supports
organisations to achieve change within the NHS and between the NHS and other
organisations working in the criminal justice sector.
Nancy Chand, JD has been an attorney with the Los Angeles County Public
Defender for 22 years. She is currently the coordinator for the Second Chance
Women’s Re-Entry Court, a prison diversion program for high level female offenders
who would otherwise be sentenced to state prison, often for lengthy sentences.
Nancy’s focus is collaborative and restorative justice. She has worked collaboratively
with many governmental and community based agencies and helped create and/or
coordinate re-entry projects such as: Project Star (Substance Abuse treatment for
domestic violence survivors), Project Youth Embrace (Re-entry for children exiting
criminal justice institutions), HALO (Misdemeanor diversion for homeless and/or
mentally ill exiting the jail), Homeless Court (Citation warrant relief for formerly
homeless people who have completed a program that addresses their homelessness).
Michael Levy, MD PhD Professor and Director of the Australian Capital Territory
(ACT) Corrections Health Program.
Silvia Garcia is a marketing expert with more than 10 years of experience in
communications, strategic marketing, marketing research, and consumer behavior.
She holds special interest in the emerging field of social marketing, which translates
commercial marketing concepts into promotion of public issues, such as human rights
and health care for prisoners. Silvia worked for seven years in her native Peru as a
volunteer care provider in criminal facilities in Lima. This experience gave her
invaluable, first-hand exposure and insight into the attitudes, motivations, behaviors,
needs, and challenges of prisoners and their relatives. She also studied law in Peru for
three years.
Silvia currently works at the Office of the Legal Counsel at the Pan American Health
Organization, a position that has enabled her to deepen her understanding of the
health-related issues faced by vulnerable populations in the Americas, and the
international and multidisciplinary efforts to improve these populations' health and
living standards. Additionally, Silvia, who is fully bilingual in English and Spanish,
is completing an MS in Marketing and an MBA at Johns Hopkins University.
Dr. Amit Shah, MD graduated from Drexel School of Medicine and did his
residency in family medicine at the University of New Mexico, School of Medicine.
He is a family practice physician in Oregon specializing in community based care and
special populations.
Advisory Board:
Nick Royle, MBA, CEO Cochrane Collaboration
Campbell Crime and Justice Group
Luis Gabriel Cuervo Amore, MD, MPH, PAHO
Alliance for Information on Maternal and Child Health, HRSA
Participants: (Meeting 1, Orlando FL, May 3-6, 2009
Attendee
Arash Anoshiravani, MD, PhD
Thomas Beauclair
Lorne Becker, MD
Ingrid Binswanger, MD
Shay Bilchick, JD*
Stephanie Collins, MS
Karen Cropsey, Phd
Luis Gabriel Cuervo Amore, MD, MPH
Adam Dobrin, PhD
Jodie Doyle*
Anne Douds, JD, ABD
Warren Ferguson, MD*
Bennett Fletcher, PhD
Catherine Gallagher, Phd
Ann Gallagher, MS
Kathi Grasso, JD*
Stuart Kinner, PhD
Jennifer Lerch, MA
Michael Levy, MD, PhD*
Jacque Mallender, MS*
Mark McGovern, MD*
Kimberly Mehlman-Orozco, MA
Nena Messina, PhD
Shannon Gwin Mitchell, PhD
Lars Moller, MD*
Ajima Olaghere, MA
Roberto Potter, PhD
Monica Rengifo-Pardo, PhD
Josiah Rich, MD
Nick Royle, MBA
Jayadev Sarangi, PhD
Faye Taxman, PhD
Alicia Thomas, MS
Peter Tugwell, PhD*
Erin Ueffing, MA
Javier Vasquez, MD*
Jos Verbeek, MD
Nick DeViggiani, MD*
Terrance Wade, PhD*
Gail Wasserman, PhD
Greg Warren, MD
Elizabeth Waters, PhD*
David Williams, MS
David Wilson, PhD
Audrey Yowell, PhD
Barry Zack, MA
Affiliation
Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, Stanford School
of Medicine
National Institute of Corrections
Cochrane Collaboration
University of Colorado Denver
Georgetown University
University of Massachusetts Medical School
University of Alabama
PAHO/WHO
Florida Atlantic University, The Lloyd Society
Cochrane Collaboration
The Lloyd Society
University of Massachusetts Medical School
US DHHS/NIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse
George Mason University
The Lloyd Society
OJJDP
Burnet Institute
George Mason University
Australian National Territory
The Matrix Knowledge Group, The Campbell
Crime and Justice Steering Committee
Dartmouth Medical School
George Mason University
UCLA/The Lloyd Society
Friends Research Institute
WHO Prison Health Project
George Mason University
Department of Criminal Justice and Legal Studies,
UCF
The Lloyd Society
Brown University
The Cochrane Collaboration
United Nations Office On Drugs and Crime
George Mason University
Grantmakers in Health
University of Ottawa, The Cochrane Collaboration
The Cochrane Collaboration, University of Ottawa
PAHO/WHO
The Cochrane Collaboration
University of the West of England
Brock University
Columbia University
BSAS, Inc.
The McCaughey Centre, Melbourne School of
Population Health, University of Melbourne
NJH West Midlands
George Mason University, The Campbell
Collaboration
HRSA
The Bridging Group
Kate Zinsser, MA
George Mason University
Participants Meeting 2, Oslo
Attendee
Nick Royle, MBA
Caroline Angel, PhD
David Wilson, PhD
Liz Waters, PhD
Peter Tugwell, PhD
Amanda Perry, PhD
David Weisburd, PhD
Kevin Marsh, PhD
Vivian Welch, PhD
Jodie Doyle, MPH, MHS
Charlotte Gill, MS, ABD
Tony Munton, PhD
Tracy Perez Koehlmoos, PhD
Jacque Mallender, PhD
Affiliation
Cochrane Collaboration
University of Pennsylvania
George Mason University
University of Melbourne
University of Ottawa
The University of York
George Mason University
Matrix Knowledge Group
University of Ottawa
Victorian Health Promotion Foundation
University of Pennsylvania
Matrix Knowledge Group
George Mason University
Matrix Knowledge Group
Practicalities
Supporting organizations:
George Mason University
Burnet Institute
The Lloyd Society
University of Queensland
Current Funding:
AHRQ Large Conference Support (received) $300,000 US
Australian Criminology Research Council (under review) $168,000 AU
Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) (received)
$269,000 AU
National Library of Medicine (submitted) $50,000
Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) (received)
$12,500 AU
National Library of Medicine Training Grant (received)
Current activities:
Systematic review – Public Health Review Group
Specialised registry – in development
Open access, mapping, free libaries, knowledge mappint
Research prioritization exercises
Website development
Resources
Bulletin board
List serve
Upcoming meetings around the world
Ongoing training of field members
Australasian Cochrane Centre
National Library of Medicine
Training of decision makers in use of evidence (SUPPORT)
Fields under some scrutiny.
Cognisant of risk of being a drain rather than an asset. Here’s why we’re not:
- Training already done
- Funding already secured
- Team already established
- Work already under way. Outputs a function of the partnerships we create.
- * Go to website and show:
o Module already drafted and can be reviewed
o Bulletin board, list of relevant meetings, interactive knowledge
mapping and participants’ list. We already have a home and an
international network of participants.
What kinds of systematic reviews will the JH Field conduct?
So much work to do, so many opportunities for partnership. Existing partnerships
with Public Health Review Group, Equity Field, Campbell. We will start with the
groups ready to work with us. The JH field may become redundant down the track,
and if/when that happens, we’ll be happy to close shop.
What’s next?
Next two field meetings – 1st week of June 2010, midyear meeting at Cochrane
Colloquium
Meeting topics:
1. CLINICAL – Arash, Michael Levy,
2. POLICY – Lars Moller
a.
LEGAL PARAMETERS: ANNE
b. HUMAN RIGHTS – AJIMA, Rick Lines
3. KNOWLEDGE CREATION - SK
4. KNOWLEDGE SYNTHESIS - CG
5. KNOWLDEGE TRANSFER – Luis Gabriel
a.
EVIDENCE BASED ADVOCACY – ANNE, AJIMA
b. Guideline development – not just ‘standards’
6. CONSUMERS –Hernan Reyes, David Williams, Nancy Chand, Silvia Livelli – closing address among these.
a.
LG’s guy as a consumer? Sam #### from Anex 2009 conference?
7. CAPACITY BUILDING. Tony Butler.
Doctoral students development. Clinician development. Policy maker development.
-