Benchmark Review
Spring 2015
Electrostatics
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Protons have what type of charge?
Electrons have what type of charge?
What is a charged atom called?
An object becomes positively charged when it _____ electrons and negatively charged when it
_____ electrons.
Charge is conserved. What does this mean?
Like charges ______, and unlike charges _____.
According to Coulomb’s Law, as the distance between two charges is halved, the electric force is
_______.
Is electric force a vector or scalar quantity?
Which force is stronger; electrostatic force or gravitational force?
What is the SI unit for charge?
What is the SI unit for electric potential difference?
What is the SI unit for electric field strength?
What is the name of the device used to detect electric charges?
Touching an object to Earth to eliminate excess charge is called what?
Charging an object due to direct contact between the objects is called charging by _____.
Charging an object without any direct contact between objects is called charging by _____.
A charged balloon will stick to a wall due to ____of charges.
A negatively charged balloon attracts another balloon. What conclusion can be drawn about the
2nd balloon?
A material that allows electrons to flow freely throughout the material is called a _____.
A force of 14 N exists on a charge which is 2.1 x 10-9 C. What is the magnitude of the electric
field?
21. A proton and electron are held 1 m apart and then released. What happens to the force between
them? In what direction will they accelerate?
22. Give three examples of static electricity.
23. Do electric field lines point toward or away from negative charges?
24. Name two materials that are good insulators.
25. A plastic tube charged with wool will acquire what charge?
26. Lightning forms when the charges within the cloud become separated. In what region of the
cloud are the negative charges located?
27. A 4.5 x 109 C charge is located 3.2 m from a 2.8 x 109 C charge. Find the magnitude of the
electrostatic force between the two charges.
28. What is the electric field 35 m from a charge of 3.0 C?
29. A charge gains potential energy as it is moved through an electric field because ____ is done on
it.
Current Electricity
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What is the formula for Ohm’s Law?
What is the formula for Electrical Power?
The amount of charge that flows through a circuit is called the _____.
The SI unit for resistance is the _____.
Current is measured with what unit?
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Current is directly related to ____ and inversely related to _____.
A circuit consisting of only one path is what type?
In what type of circuit will all lights go out if one goes out?
What variable is the same everywhere in a parallel circuit?
What variable is the same everywhere in a series circuit?
In what type of circuit is the total resistance smaller than any single resistor in the circuit?
Name three factors that affect the resistance of a wire.
As temperature increases, resistance _____.
As length increases, resistance _____.
A 100 W light bulb is connected to a 120 V electric line. What is the current that the light bulb
draws?
What is the effect on the current in a simple circuit if both the voltage and the resistance are
reduced by half?
How much electric energy is delivered to a 60 W light bulb if the bulb is left on for 2.5 hours?
What is the equivalent resistance of a 3 ohm, 12 ohm, and 4 ohm resistor wired in series?
In what type of circuit does the current increase as more devices are added?
A lamp is connected to a battery of 50 V, and the current that flows through the circuit is 2 A.
What is the resistance of the lamp?
A 2 ohm and 5 ohm resistor are connected in parallel to each other and in series with a 10 V
battery. What is the current through the 5 ohm resistor?
Three identical resistors are connected in series to a 9 V battery. What is the voltage drop
across each resistor?
A 4 Ω and 2 Ω resistor connected in parallel are connected in series to a 12 V battery. What is
the voltage across the 4 Ω resistor?
What device is used to measure the current flowing in a circuit?
Nina connects eight 12 ohm lamps in series. What is the total resistance?
In circuit 1, two identical light bulbs are connected in parallel to each other and in series
with a 12 V battery. In circuit 2, the same two light bulbs are connected in series with the
12 V battery. Which circuit produces more light?
In a parallel circuit, what happens to the current in the remaining bulbs when one bulb is
removed?
What is the equivalent resistance of a 30 ohm and a 20 ohm resistor connected in parallel?
How much voltage is required to make 4 A flow through a 12 ohm resistor?
A battery does 18 J of work on 10 C of charge. What voltage does the battery supply?
A 35 ohm, 55 ohm, and 85 ohm resistor are connected in parallel. The resistors are connected to a
35 V battery.
a. What is the equivalent resistance of the parallel combination?
b. What is the current through each resistor?
Waves
1. What type of energy can be carried by a wave through the space?
2. Define wave.
3. What is the source of all waves?
4. Waves transfer _____.
5. The only way to change the speed of a wave is to change its __________.
6. What is the height of the wave from its equilibrium position?
7. Where can electromagnetic waves travel but mechanical waves cannot?
8. How far a wave travels in one second is the wave’s __________.
9. The number of vibrations per second is a wave’s _________________.
10. If the frequency of a wave is cut in half, what happens to wavelength?
11. What kind of wave does not appear to be moving?
12. If the speed of wave remains constant and the wavelength is tripled, what happens to frequency?
13. What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength?
14. In which type of wave do particles move parallel to the direction in which the wave is traveling?
15. A light wave strikes a mirror at an angle of 600. What will be the angle of reflection?
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a. Which two waves have the same
wavelength?______
b. Which two waves have the same
amplitude?_______
c. Which wave has the most energy?______
d. Which wave has the highest frequency?______
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What kind of interference is occurring between waves A and D?
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What kind of interference is occurring between waves A and B?
17. What is the wavelength of a 512 Hz sound wave traveling at 343.5 m/s?
18. A dolphin produces a sound with a frequency of 261.6 Hz. What is the period of the sound wave?
19. You dip your finger in a pail of water 15 times in 6 seconds producing wave crests separated by
0.03 m. What is the frequency? What is the period? What is the velocity?
Frequency:__________________________
Period:_____________________________
Velocity:____________________________
Sound
1. Sound waves are __________________waves and have areas of high pressure called
______________and areas of low pressure called ____________________.
2. Which travels faster, light or sound? Justify your answer.
3. All mechanical waves, including sound, are produced by ________________________.
4. Sound travels fastest in what state of matter?
5. A sound wave is a _________________________________wave.
6. Sound waves cannot travel in a ___________________.
7. The speed of a sound wave depends on ______________________________.
8. As the temperature increases, the speed of sound ____________________.
9. For every 10 dB increase in the volume of sound, the intensity will increase by _________.
10. Write 3 equations used to calculate the speed of sound.
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Humans can hear frequencies between _______________and _______________________Hertz.
Sound waves having a frequency below 20 Hz are called __________________________.
Sound waves with frequencies above 20,000 Hz are called ______________________.
The perceived change in frequency due to the movement of the source of the wave is referred to
as the ______________________ ________________________.
15. Pitch refers to the ______________________of the wave and the loudness refers to the
______________________of the wave.
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The quality of sound is called ______________________.
As the wavelength of sound increases, the pitch ______________________.
An echo is an example of the _____________________of a sound wave.
Resonance occurs when a __________________________wave is produced.
During closed pipe resonance, the standing wave that is produced will have a ______________ at
one end of the pipe and an _________________________at the other.
During open pipe resonance, the standing wave that is produced will have a(n) ____________ at
one end of the pipe and a(n) _____________________at the other end.
Differences in air temperatures results in the ______________________of sound waves.
Define natural frequency.
List the units used to measure the following quantities: pitch, sound intensity, wavelength, and
velocity.
Multiple resonances along a standing wave occur at what portion of a wavelength (spacing)?
Light
1. What type of wave is a light wave?
2. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
3. Name three behaviors of light.
4. Give an example of a luminous object.
5. Give an example of an illuminated object.
6. What does the term transparent mean?
7. Name 2 objects that are translucent.
8. What does the term opaque mean?
9. Name the types of electromagnetic radiation in increasing energy.
10. What are the colors of visible light?
11. Name the complimentary colors of light?
12. How is white light formed?
13. Name the primary and secondary pigment colors.
14. What are complimentary colors?
15. When red and blue light shine on a white sheet, the resulting color is ________________.
16. When red and green light shine on a white sheet, the resulting color is __________________.
17. What does it mean that light is polarized?
18. Light reflected from a lake surface is polarized ______.
19. In order for sunglasses to be effective in reducing glare produced from a road, the lasses should
be polarized ____.
Magnestism
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The ends of a magnet are called ___________.
Name three elements that can be permanently magnetized.
Like poles _____ and opposite poles _______.
A piece of iron can be magnetized if the ___________ are aligned.
Draw a magnet and sketch the field lines.
The strength of a magnetic field increases with _____________ distance.