CSTR Part D31 Design – ITS Communications Network
Edition: November 2011
PART D31
DESIGN – INTELLIGENT TRAFFIC SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK
CONTENTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
1.
General
Design Development
Functional Requirements
Network Architecture
Technical Requirements
Level of service
Site Layout
Hold Points
Records
GENERAL
This part specifies the functional, architectural and technical requirements for the design of the Intelligent Traffic
System (ITS) Communications Network and associated Equipment.
“Equipment” means electronic componentry, devices, hardware, associated systems and associated infrastructure
that forms the ITS.
"TMC" means the DPTI Metropolitan Region Traffic Management Centre located at Norwood.
“STREAMS” means the traffic management control system (developed by Transmax Pty Ltd) used by the Principal
for management of ITS in South Australia.
Documents referenced in this Part are listed below:
AS 1044
Radio disturbance characteristics
AS 1170.1
Structural design Actions - Permanent, imposed and other actions
AS 1664
Aluminium structures
AS 1768
Lightning protection
AS 2578
Traffic signal controllers - Physical and electrical compatibility
AS 3000
Electrical installation-building structure and premises (wiring rules)
AS 3085.1
Communications installations - Administration of communications cabling systems Basic requirements
AS 3990
Mechanical Equipment - Steelwork
AS 4055
Wind loads for housing
AS 4070
Recommended practices for protection of low-voltage electrical installations and
Equipment in MEN systems from transient over-voltages
AS 60038
Standard Voltages
AS 60529
Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
AS 61508
Functional Safety for Electrical/Electronic/Programmable Electronic Safety-related
Systems
AS/ACIF S008
Requirements for customer cabling products
AS/ACIF S009
Installation requirements for customer cabling
AS 3100
Approval and test – General requirements for electrical Equipment
AS 7799.2
Information security management - Specification for information security management
systems
AS 17799
Information technology – Code of practice for information security management
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The Equipment must comply with:
(a)
applicable Australian Standards, or where no appropriate Australian Standard exists, the Equipment
must comply with the appropriate British Standard; and
(b)
relevant Australian Communications & Media Authority technical standards and requirements.
Equipment requiring connection to telephone lines must be Austel or “A-Tick” approved and be labelled with the
appropriate approval number and logo. All radio communications must comply with the requirements of the
Australian Communications & Media Authority.
The following abbreviations may be used in this Part:
CCTV
Closed Circuit Television
CMS
Changeable Message Sign
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
EIA
Electronic Industries Alliance
FAT
Factory Acceptance Test
FES
Field Equipment Sub-Network
FP
Field Processor
LAN
Local Area Network
LED
Light emitting Diode
OSPF
Open Shortest Path First
OS
Outstation (may also be referred to as a Field Cabinet)
POA
Point of Access (of a Field Equipment Sub-Network into a Field Network)
PPP
Point-to-Point Protocol
QoS
Quality of Service
RIP
Routing Information Protocol
SAT
Site Acceptance Test
SIAT
Site Integration Acceptance Test
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol
VLAN
Virtual LAN
VMS
Variable Message Signs
2.
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
In addition to any other requirement in the Contractor’s Design Program, the Contractor must:
(a)
provide a copy of the ITS Network Preliminary Design to the Principal’s Authorised Person when the
Preliminary Design is notionally 30% complete and allow 10 working days for the provision of
comments; and
(b)
provide a copy of the ITS Network Preliminary Design (including calculations) to the Principal’s
Authorised Person when the Preliminary Design is notionally 70% complete and allow 10 working
days for the provision of comments.
Provision of the notionally 70% complete Preliminary Design shall constitute a HOLD POINT.
The Contractor’s design must ensure that the Equipment complies with:

Part 253 Conduits and Pits;

Part 262 Mains Power for Traffic Management Equipment

Part 265 ITS Enclosures; and

Part 270 Telecommunications Cabling.
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3.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
3.1
General
CSTR Part D31 Design – ITS Communications Network
The ITS Communications Network must transmit all data, including video and voice, between ITS Equipment in the
field and the Traffic Management Centre.
The operation of ITS Equipment must not be compromised by bandwidth or latency limitations of the ITS
Communications Network under full utilisation conditions, including projected future data traffic. CCTV coverage
must be presented at the TMC in real time and full colour.
The Principal’s traffic management and control system is referred to as “STREAMS”. The STREAMS system
consists of a suite of distributed software applications operating on a server located at the TMC and on Field
Processors located in the field. Unless otherwise specified, all ITS equipment must connect to the ITS
Communications Network via a STREAMS compatible Field Processor.
3.2
Design Life
The Contractor must design the system for a minimum design life of 25 years.
4.
NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
4.1
General
Unless specified otherwise, the ITS communications Network must utilise fibre-optic cable technology to provide
connectivity between the TMC and the ITS Field Equipment. This excludes backhaul links that may utilise
microwave point to point links or services provided by telecommunication service providers. Where the Principal
has approved a communications technology other than fibre-optic cable, the Network performance must not be of a
lesser standard than that specified in this Part.
The OSI Layers 1/2 protocol must be Ethernet for that part of the Network under the control and responsibility of the
Principal.
The ITS Communications Network must comprise of the following:
4.2
(a)
ITS Backbone fibre-optic cable along a defined length of the facility;
(b)
network access points providing multi-port Ethernet connectivity to allow connection of ITS Field
Equipment;
(c)
ITS cabinets, which must be used to house network access points and associated equipment
communications cable equipment;
(d)
Backhaul link between the ITS Backbone and the TMC. Subject to the prior approval of the Principal,
the backhaul link may comprise any of the following:

Third party broadband link to the TMC;

Wireless link to a point of access into the TMC sub-network; or

Direct connection to the Metropolitan Area Broadband Network.
ITS Backbone
The ITS Backbone must consist of a fibre-optic cable and associated Network Equipment, and must extend along a
section of works defined in the contract. The ITS Backbone must be configured as a self-healing ring.
4.3
Network Access Points
The Network Access Points allow for the connection of ITS Field Equipment at a localised area into the ITS
Communications network.
The Contractor must provide Network Access Points as required for the connection of ITS Field Equipment, but at a
minimum the Contractor must provide a Network Access Point at each CCTV camera location. The intention of this
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configuration is to ensure that the vision from only one CCTV camera is lost if a Network Access Point fails.
However, the Contractor must evaluate the required number of Network Access Points to ensure a balance between
hardware redundancy and network performance.
The Contractor must provide a Network Access Point at each end of the fibre-optic cable run. The Primary backhaul
link must connect to one end and, if specified, a Secondary backhaul link must be connected at the other end. This
configuration is to provide full network redundancy in the event that the fibre-optic cable is damaged or the Primary
link fails.
4.4
ITS Equipment
ITS Field Equipment other than CCTV cameras must connect into a Network Access Point via a STREAMS
compatible Field Processor. CCTV cameras must connect directly to a Network Access Point via video transmitter
(or direct IP camera). Other IP Equipment must connect directly to a Network Access Point and communicate via the
same switch as the Field Processor.
An Ethernet switch must be provided at a Network Access Point if more than one network device is to be connected.
At least two spare switch ports per site should be provided. The IP address range for the ITS Equipment will be
allocated by the Principal, and IP allocation within this range must conform to the relevant ITS Network IP
Allocation Policy as specified in the Project specific requirements. Industry standard patch leads must be used to
connect all Equipment and electrically isolated communication links must be used.
4.5
ITS Communications Network – Conceptual Diagram
The general requirements for the ITS Communications Network are shown in Figure 4.5.
TMC
TMC Network
Secondary
Backhaul Link
Primary
Backhaul Link
Network Access
ITS BACKBONE
L3
Switch
L3
Switch
L3
Switch
L3
Switch
IP ITS
Equipment
Video Tx
C
CCTV Camera
Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet
Network Access
L3
Switch
PLC
Binary I/O
End of Fibre-Optic
cable run
Network Access
Field Processor
Start of Fibre-Optic
cable run
Serial
ITS
Equipment
Serial
ITS
Equipment
Serial
ITS
Equipment
Network Access
ITS Equipment Access
(Example Configurations)
Fig. 4.5 General Network Requirements
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5.
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
5.1
Network Connections
CSTR Part D31 Design – ITS Communications Network
The ITS Telecommunication Network must provide full-duplex connectivity between the TMC and an Ethernet port
at the Network Access Point. The ITS Communications Network must be of modular design to facilitate future
network expansion at minimal cost. The network must allow the connection of Network Equipment from multiple
vendors.
Network Equipment with network interfaces must support both fixed and DHCP static IP addresses and to have
routing paths in both directions to the TMC. Fixed IP addresses will be allocated by the Principal.
Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) functionality must be available. Dynamic routing protocols must be used to
support redundant backbone connections. Routing updates must use industry standard routing authentication.
5.2
ITS Equipment Connections
Unless otherwise specified, ITS Equipment must be connected to STREAMS compatible Field Processors and must
use Industry standard interfaces for Ethernet and serial interfaces. Ethernet connection data rate must be not less than
10/100 Mbps. The communications protocol for the serial links between ITS Equipment and Field Processors must
comply with the Roads and Traffic Authority of NSW Specification TSI-SP-003, “Communication Protocol for
Roadside Devices”, and must support EIA/RS232, EIA/RS422 and EIA/RS485 interfaces.
More than one item of ITS Equipment may be connected to a single Field Processor. Where ITS Equipment is
located remote from a Field Processor or control/communications device, the selection of the technology for the
electrically isolated communication links must be in accordance with the following order of precedence:
1.
fibre optic cable, regardless of distance;
2.
copper wire with appropriate surge suppression, optical isolation and ground design at both ITS
equipment and Field Processor locations. Notwithstanding the use of surge suppression and optical
isolation devices, the field equipment must be powered from the Outstation (Field Cabinet) which
controls it;
3.
wireless.
The Contractor must use the technology with the highest order of precedence which is reasonably practicable. Short
distance wireless links must only be used with the Principal’s Authorised Person’s prior approval. The Principal’s
Authorised Person may require proof that any proposed wireless link design will operate correctly with STREAMS
over the expected wireless path, prior to approval.
6.
LEVEL OF SERVICE
6.1
General
The ITS Communications Network must support all ITS Equipment connected to it. The Network bandwidth must
accommodate all CCTV cameras operating at 25 frames per second, with a resolution of 640 x 480 pixels. Latency
and jitter must be sufficiently low as to be imperceptible at the TMC. There must be sufficient bandwidth to
accommodate at least a 100% increase in the number of connected CCTV cameras, with latency and jitter remaining
sufficiently low to ensure imperceptible degradation of performance.
CCTV video and control data must use Internet Protocol (IP) and be transmitted over the same communications
channel as all other data. QoS mechanisms must be used to give priority as required for the data packets.
Unless specified otherwise, the latency in the data communications across the ITS Communications Network must be
on average not higher than 20 milliseconds (or 40 ms for wireless). However, the combined latency between ITS
Field Equipment and the router/layer 3 switch at the TMC must not exceed 40 milliseconds (or 100 ms for wireless)
for a fully loaded network. Unless otherwise specified, the latency of individual Network Equipment must not exceed
5 milliseconds.
The ITS Backbone must utilise Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps) and the Network Access must use Fast Ethernet (100
Mbps) as a minimum. Network traffic calculations are to be included in the design, which must also show the
allowance for future geographical extension. Where a Secondary Backhaul link uses a medium other than fibre, this
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CSTR Part D31 Design – ITS Communications Network
link may provide a reduced bandwidth provided it is sufficient to carry the traffic from the Primary Backhaul link if
the Primary link fails.
6.2
Dynamic Routing
Data must be routed via the Primary Backhaul Link as the first preference. If the Primary Link fails, or is congested,
the data must be automatically routed via the Secondary Backhaul Link. Traffic must be automatically restored to the
Primary Link after restoration of this link.
6.3
Security
The Network Equipment must comply with the Principal’s Security Policy requirements for authentication,
authorisation, accountability and data integrity. A copy of the security policy will be provided to the Contractor
upon request. The Contractor must undertake a security audit to ensure that these requirements are met. Physical
access to Network Equipment must be restricted to authorised users by fitting appropriated physical security
mechanisms in place.
6.4
Communication Standards
Unless approved otherwise, Network Equipment must use non-proprietary communication protocols.
6.5
Scalability
The ITS Communications Network must be designed to allow for additional ITS Equipment and for geographical
extension and must include at least 40 spare fibre cores. This capability must be demonstrated in the design and fully
documented.
6.6
Network Management
The ITS Communications Network will be remotely managed and all network Equipment must support remote
management via secure communications means. Wherever practicable, such management tasks must include
monitoring, diagnostics, control of the network configuration, security, quality of service and resources down to the
network access level. The equipment must meet SNMPv3 requirements (RFC3411-RFC3418) with agents that are
fully configurable to meet the Principal’s requirements as specified in this Contract.
6.7
Special Requirements
The ITS Communications Network will transmit different data streams with differing priorities. The network must be
able to control the data traffic in accordance with these differing priorities.
The ITS Communications Network must provide a high level of availability and have a high MTBF consistent with
the standards set with proven Equipment such as Cisco. The Contractor must prove that the Equipment to be
supplied meets the highest industry standards for reliability and performance.
Where possible the Contractor must specify hot-swappable Equipment and redundant power supplies.
6.8
Standards
Network Equipment deployed as part of the ITS must comply with the following standards (protocols and
transmission technologies):
Insert details here
6.9
Wireless Installation
This sub-clause applies where wireless technology is to be used.
Where practicable, antennas should be positioned so that ongoing Line of Sight to the opposite communication
partner is guaranteed at all times. Installation of Antennas must not impact traffic and/or pedestrians. Antennas must
be placed on structures that protect the Equipment from unauthorised access and vandalism. However, easy and safe
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access for maintenance staff must be allowed for. Antennas must be connected to related Equipment via industry
standard connectors.
Antenna gains must be within the legal limits as specified in the relevant legislation. For Class-Licensed Equipment
in the 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5.4 GHz, and 5.8 GHz bands, the relevant legislation is the Radio communications (Low
Interference Potential Devices) Class Licence 2000.
The maximum wind loading of antenna Equipment must be appropriate for the specific wind speed and terrain
categories of the proposed Equipment location, as specified with AS4055. Wireless antennas must be fitted with
suitable surge protection to protect connected network and ITS Equipment in the event of surges or lightning strikes.
6.10
Indicators
At a minimum, the network Equipment must display (eg by LED) the following: Link Integrity, Disabled, Activity,
Full-Duplex indicators for each port and System power.
6.11
Physical Interfaces
Physical interfaces provided at the POA must utilise industry-standard connections. Physical interconnections must
be captive, (in the following order of preference):
(a)
automatic “click” type (such as RJ-45);
(b)
manual “click” type;
(c)
screw-type.
Where practicable, the interconnection with the highest order of precedence must be used. Enclosures that
incorporate conduits for entry of telecommunication cables must comply with the requirements of the AS/ACIF
S009.
6.12
Power and Earthing
Unless specified otherwise, all Equipment must support an input voltage of 230V as specified in AS 60038.
Power supply to all equipment must incorporate protection against electrical transients and overvoltage in
accordance with AS 1768 and AS4070.
Power and signal earthing/grounding to all equipment sites which incorporate electrical equipment must be designed
to minimise any incidence of equipment damage or unreliability due to electrical surges, transients and earth loops.
7.
SITE LAYOUT
Further to the requirements of Part 261 “Installation and Integration of ITS Equipment”, the design of the site layout
must facilitate the achievement of the following objectives:
(a)
provide safe access to the site for personnel undertaking maintenance;
(b)
enable maintenance and inspection to be undertaken efficiently;
(c)
minimise unauthorised access and damage from vandalism; and
(d)
minimise the probability of damage from out of control vehicles.
The Design Documents must include plans showing the physical layout at each site where Equipment will be
installed. Where appropriate, the Design Documents must show:
(a)
general layout;
(b)
reduced levels;
(c)
Equipment position;
(d)
coordinates or offsets;
(e)
speed zones;
(f)
conduit and pit locations;
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(g)
mounting structure positions;
(h)
any protective barriers; and
(i)
details of site access (refer Clause 261.6 “Site Maintenance Access”).
The site layout plans must be included in the notional 30% and 70% complete Preliminary Design (refer Clause 2
“Design Development”).
8.
HOLD POINTS
The following is a summary of Hold Points, vide Part 140 "Quality System Requirements", referenced in this Part:
CLAUSE
REF.
2
9.
HOLD POINT
RESPONSE
TIME
Provision of notional 70% Preliminary Design
10 days
RECORDS
The following records must be provided to the Principal:
Drawings
Construction drawings showing Equipment location details
Network layout drawings
As constructed drawings
Reports
Design Report, which includes a comprehensive detailed description of the network and all associated
design calculations.
____________
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