Chem 1156 - General Chemistry II / Spring 2007
Instructor: Dr. Kathy Thrush
E-mail: Kathleen.Thrush@villanova.edu
Office Location: Mendel 216F
Office Phone Number: (610) 519-7415
Office Hours: Monday & Wednesday 12:30 – 1:30 pm; Friday 10:00 – 11:15 am;
Other times by appointment
Web Site: http://www.homepage.villanova.edu/kathleen.thrush
LECTURES: Monday, Wednesday and Friday 11:30 am - 12:20 pm, Mendel 154
RECITATION SECTIONS: Thursday
1156-007 11:30 am – 12:20 pm, Mendel 213
1156-008 1:00 pm – 1:50 pm, Mendel G90
1156-009 2:30 pm – 3:20 pm, Mendel 260
PRE-REQUISITE: Chemistry 1103 / General Chemistry Lab and Chemistry 1151 / General Chemistry I
REQUIRED TEXT: Chemistry, 9th edition, by Raymond Chang, McGraw-Hill Higher Education (ISBN # 007-322103-1)
OPTIONAL COURSE MATERIALS: Student Study Guide for use with Chemistry 9th edition (ISBN # 0-07298062-1); Student Solutions Manual for use with Chemistry 9th edition (ISBN # 0-07-298061-3); previous
quizzes, mid-term exam, hand-outs, and MS PowerPoint presentation files are available on the instructor’s
homepage; and Chang website (no password is needed) at:
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/classware/selfstudy.do?isbn=0072980605 .
COURSE OBJECTIVE: This is the second semester of a yearlong course. We will be covering most of
the latter chapters of the text. You are taking this course because the field of chemistry fascinates you
and/or you need to take chemistry as part of a degree requirement for you major. It is designed to
familiarize you student with general qualitative and quantitative aspects of chemical sciences. It should
also provide you with tools for solving scientific problems in the context of chemistry. As the course
progresses, attempts will be made to draw parallels with the theory of chemistry to everyday situations in
life.
The course will require consistent study on your part. You are encouraged to preview the relevant
material prior to lecture (as outlined later in this syllabus) and the corresponding problems at the end of
each chapter. You are expected to complete the homework problems before each recitation
section. Please keep in mind that if you are having problems with the material, there are many sources of
outside class assistance that are available to you. Remember, that unlike in High School, the instructor
will not be continually goading you to study the material. A good rule of thumb for any course is that
for each hour of class time, you should spend 3 hours outside of class studying (or about 10 hours
each week).
CLASS ATTENDANCE / PARTICIPATION: Lecture and recitation attendance is mandatory as outlined in
the Villanova University Blue Book. Attendance will be noted each class period. In the case of an
absence, the instructor expects a written explanation in the next scheduled lecture. If you are sick, go to
the Health Center. The staff will be happy to help you and will provide you with written
documentation. Abuse of the privilege of “excusable absences” will not be tolerated and will be referred
to the appropriate departmental faculty and/or the Dean of Arts and Sciences. Class participation is
strongly encouraged. Not only does class participation make the classroom experience more interesting,
but also your grade depends on it. Each student will be issued a class participation score from 0 to 50
points.
EXAMS: There will be a total of eleven quizzes, one mid-term exam and a final exam. The exam dates
are listed at the end of this syllabus. The mid-term and final exams will be comprehensive. Each quiz
will be graded out of 30 points and the top ten quiz scores will be used to determine the course grade (300
total points). The mid-term exam will be graded out of 100 points. The final exam will be graded out of
200 points. The specific material covered in the exam will be indicated in the class prior to the exam. The
format of exams will be a mix of multiple choice (MC) and show-your-work (SYW) problems. Normally, the
exams will be graded and returned the class following the exam and any questions concerning an exam
can be discussed during an appointment. Any person not attending the class following an exam will be
responsible for making an appointment to pick up and discuss the exam result. The exam dates will not
change. Make all appropriate arrangements to be in class on time on those days. There are NO makeup exams or quizzes and there should be no requests for extra credit assignments. If something
unavoidable happens that requires you to miss a testing date, consult with the instructor BEFORE the
exam or quiz to discuss your situation. All other absences on testing days must be accompanied by
documentation of disastrous events. (These are described on the next page of this syllabus.) Alternate
arrangements can be made, if your unavoidable absence is verified.
COURSE GRADING: Each quiz will be graded out of 30 points. The mid-term exam will be graded out
of 100 points. The final exam will be graded out of 200 points. The class participation score will be from 0
to 50 points. The course grade will be calculated as:
Course
Grade (%)
= (quiz point total) + (mid-term exam) + (final exam) +(class participation score) x 100 %.
650 points
The following scores will ensure the corresponding grades:
100%-90%: A, 89%-86%: A-, 85%-83%: B +, 82%-80%: B
79%-76%: B-, 75%-73%: C+, 72%-65%: C, 64%-55%: D, < 55%: F.
The instructor reserves the right to modify the exact grading levels and to adjust point totals to reflect the
grading of homework assignment.
CALCULATORS: Calculators with Scientific Notation are required for in class exercises; therefore it is
important that you bring your calculator to each class so that you can effectively participate in the learning
process. You will require your own calculator for examinations, unless told otherwise. Sharing of
calculators is not allowed. Direct passing of calculators between students will result in a score of ‘0’ for
each student for the exam or quiz involved. You should ensure that your calculator is fully charged or
has new batteries before each exam.
LAPTOP COMPUTERS AND OTHER COMPUTERS: Laptop and other computers are not required,
although many students find them quite helpful. Students may use laptops and other computer devices to
access course information during class (especially for MS PowerPoint presentations). If a student is found
to be using these devices for other purposes (such as, e-mail or instant messaging) during class time, their
privilege to use these devices will be terminated. These devices may not be used during exams or quizzes.
CELL PHONES: Cell phones can be very disruptive in class. Cell phones must be turned off during
class time. If a student’s cell phone rings during a quiz or exam five (5) points will be deducted from their
quiz or exam score.
HOMEWORK: Practice, practice, practice !!! Homework assignments from the textbook are given later
in this document. Additional homework problems may be given in separate handouts. They are to be
considered the minimum number of problems you should be working in mastering the course
material. Homework problems are typical of what you can expect on the examinations. Further, it should
be realized that in class there is only a finite amount of time and hence limits the total number of examples
that can be covered. If you have trouble with the homework assignments you should bring these
questions to the recitation section or make an appointment to see me or contact me via e-mail. NO
Chem 1156 lecture time will be devoted to working out specific listed or unlisted text problems. There is
not enough time to go over every homework problem in the recitation sessions, so come to the session
prepared with your questions. Satisfactory performance in this course requires that you regularly
complete and understand the homework problems. It is important that YOU attempt to work the
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homework problems on your own. Solutions can look much easier when someone else is working the
problems.
DROPPING THE COURSE: Failure to attend class will not constitute a drop of the course. Action on your
part by filing a drop slip with the registrar is required; otherwise you will receive an “F” grade on your
transcript.
DOCUMENTATION OF DISASTROUS EVENTS: Disastrous events include serious and disabling
accidents, doctor-mandated absences due to serious illness, and deaths or serious and disabling
accidents in your family. In each of these cases, you are required to document the circumstances of the
incident sufficiently so that the incident can be independently verified. Examples of relevant documents
include copies of police reports, hospital admission papers, or a doctor’s note with an explanation of the
circumstances. All of these must include name(s) and valid phone number(s) for independent verification.
If you miss an exam due to avoidable circumstances (e.g., oversleeping, getting stopped for speeding,
needing to go to work, needing to drop someone off or pick someone up, forgetting that there’s a test that
day, vacation with family or friends, etc.), expect no allowances to be made. If you are late for an exam
due to avoidable circumstances, plan on no extra time being provided.
OFFICE HOURS: Office hours belong to the students. If your instructor is talking with another faculty
member or doing something else, feel free to interrupt during office hours. If your instructor is talking with
another student, please wait your turn. Four office hours are available each week for any student who has
any questions or problems. Please take full advantage of office hour time by preparing specific questions
prior to arrival.
ACADEMIC HONESTY: It is perfectly acceptable, even advisable, for you to work and study with other
people as you work to learn the material in this course. It is easier to accomplish what needs to be done;
sometimes it’s even more fun. However, even if you study with others, you must demonstrate what you,
yourself, have learned.
Honest behavior includes, but is not limited to, the following:
•
Providing accurate representations of what you figured out, what you know, and what you
understand.
•
Providing individualized solutions and distinctive written work on everything you turn in for credit.
•
Using only those materials explicitly allowed (e.g., mathematical calculators).
•
Seeking and following specific verbal and written directions and instructions.
•
Stopping when the time limit is announced during a timed test.
•
Resisting the temptation to ask someone else to do your work for you.
•
Declining requests to do another person’s work for them.
•
Resisting the temptation to copy someone else’s work -- especially if you are avoiding doing your
own work.
•
Preventing anyone else from copying your work -- especially if that person is avoiding doing
her/his own work.
•
Resisting the temptation to use unethical and/or illegal methods to gain an unfair advantage or
to otherwise avoid doing your work.
All suspicious behavior will be monitored. All suspicious activity or dishonest behavior will be
investigated, and corrective measures will be taken. Penalties will apply to anyone violating this code of
behavior.
STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES: Villanova University strives to provide an environment for personal
and intellectual growth of all its students, and also complies with the Americans with Disabilities Act of
1990 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. In order to meet these commitments, Villanova
offers educational opportunities and appropriate academic accommodations for the needs of qualified
students with disabilities. Services for students with physical disabilities are provided by Multicultural
Affairs (www.multiculturalaffairs.villanova.edu). Services for students with other disabilities (including
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learning disabilities) that impact on learning are provided by various offices and coordinated by Learning
Support Services (LSS). It is the policy of Villanova to make reasonable academic accommodations for
qualified individuals with disabilities. If you are a person with a disability please contact me after class or
during office hours as soon as possible, and make arrangements to register with the Learning Support
Office by contacting 610-519-5636 or at nancy.mott@villanova.edu as soon as possible. Registration with
the Learning Support Office is required in order to receive accommodations.
ORDER OF TOPICS:
Chapter
24
11
12
13
14
15
Topics
Organic Chemistry - The Nature of Organic Molecules.
Alkanes and Their Isomers. Drawing Organic Structures. The
Shapes of Organic Molecules. Nomenclature. Families of
Organic Molecules: Functional Groups. Chemical Reactions.
Intermolecular forces and Liquids and Solids - Polar
Covalent Bonds. Dipole Moments. Intermolecular Forces.
Properties of Liquids. Phase Changes. Evaporation, Vapor
Pressure, and Boiling Point. Kinds of Solids. X-Ray
Crystallography. Unit Cells and the Packing of Spheres in
Crystalline Solids. Structures of Some Ionic Solids. Structures
of Some Covalent Network Solids. Phase Diagrams.
Physical Properties of Solutions - Ideal and Real
Solutions. Units of Concentration. Some Factors Affecting
Solubility. Henry’s Law. Physical Behavior of Solutions:
Colligative Properties. Vapor-Pressure Lowering of Solutions:
Raoult's Law. Boiling-Point Elevation and Freezing-Point
Depression of Solutions. Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure.
Colloids.
Chemical Kinetics - Reaction Rates. Rate Laws and
Reaction Order. Experimental Determination of a Rate Law.
Integrated Rate Law for a First-Order Reaction. Half-Life of a
First-Order Reaction. Second-Order Reactions. Reaction
Mechanisms. Rate Laws and Reaction Mechanisms. Reaction
Rates and Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation. Using the
Arrhenius Equation. Catalysis.
Chemical Equilibrium - The Equilibrium State. The
Equilibrium Constant – K, Kc & Kp. Heterogeneous Equilibria.
Using the Equilibrium Constant. Factors That Alter the
Composition of an Equilibrium Mixture. Altering an Equilibrium
Mixture: Changes in Concentration. Altering an Equilibrium
Mixture: Changes in Pressure, Volume and Temperature. The
Effect of a Catalyst on Equilibrium. The Link between
Chemical Equilibrium and Chemical Kinetics.
Acids and Bases - The Brønsted-Lowry Theory. Acid
Strength and Base Strength. Hydrated Protons and
Hydronium Ions. Dissociation of Water. The pH Scale.
Measuring pH. The pH in Solutions of Strong Acids and
Strong Bases. Equilibria in Solutions of Weak Acids.
Calculating Equilibrium Concentrations in Solutions of Weak
Acids. Percent Dissociation in Solutions of Weak Acids.
Polyprotic Acids. Equilibria in Solutions of Weak Bases.
Relation between Ka and Kb. Acid-Base Properties of Salts.
Factors That Affect Acid Strength. Lewis Acids and Bases.
Textbook Homework Problems
3, 5, 6, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 31, 32, 34, 36, 38, 41, 42,
51, 59, 60, 66
1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18,
19, 28, 29, 32, 33, 34, 38, 39, 41, 42,
43, 44, 50, 51, 52, 55, 59, 64, 65, 74,
75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 81, 84, 86, 87, 88,
90, 93, 94, 95, 99, 100, 102, 103,
108, 122, 134
9, 10, 11, 15, 16, 17, 19, 22, 23, 27,
28, 34, 36, 37, 51, 52, 53, 54, 57, 59,
61, 63, 65, 66, 68, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76,
78, 81, 82, 86, 88, 92, 94, 96, 104,
106, 111, 116, 119
6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21,
27, 28, 29, 30, 34, 35, 37, 38, 40, 42,
44, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 60,
62, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 71, 73, 74, 76,
78, 80, 81, 84, 89, 92, 97, 100, 102,
106, 109, 110
7, 8, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30, 32,
33, 35, 39, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47,
49, 54, 55, 58, 60, 63, 64, 65, 68, 72,
73, 74, 78, 84, 86, 92
3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,
21, 22, 24, 25, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39, 43,
44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 54,
56, 57, 58, 60, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68,
71, 72, 74, 76, 78, 79, 82, 83, 85, 86,
88, 89, 91, 95, 96, 98, 100, 106, 107,
118
4
16
18
19
Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria Neutralization Reactions. The Common-Ion Effect. Buffer
Solutions. The Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation. pH Titration
Curves. Strong Acid-Strong Base Titrations. Weak AcidStrong Base Titrations. Weak Base-Strong Acid Titrations.
Polyprotic Acid-Strong Base Titrations. Solubility Equilibria.
Measuring Ksp and Calculating Solubility from Ksp. Factors
That Affect Solubility. Precipitation of Ionic Compounds.
Separation of Ions by Selective Precipitation. Qualitative
Analysis.
Entropy, Free Energy, and Equilibrium - Spontaneous
Processes. Enthalpy, Entropy, and Spontaneous Processes:
A Brief Review. Entropy and Probability and Temperature.
Standard Molar Entropies and Standard Entropies of
Reaction. Entropy and 2nd Law of Thermodynamics. Free
Energy. Standard Free-Energy Changes for Reactions.
Standard Free Energies of Formation. Free-Energy Changes
and Composition of the Reaction Mixture. Free Energy and
Chemical Equilibrium. Variation of G with temperature.
Electrochemistry – Electrochemistry. Balancing redox
reactions. Galvanic Cells. Electrolytic Cells. Shorthand
Notation for Galvanic Cells. Cell Potentials and Free-Energy
Changes for Cell Reactions. Standard Reduction Potentials.
Using Standard Reduction Potentials. Cell Potentials and
Composition of the Reaction Mixture: The Nernst Equation.
Electrochemical Determination of pH. Standard Cell Potentials
and Equilibrium Constants. Batteries. Corrosion. Electrolysis
and Electrolytic Cells. Commercial Applications of Electrolysis.
Quantitative Aspects of Electrolysis.
5, 6, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20,
22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 35, 36,
37, 38, 40, 42, 45, 46, 47, 48, 51, 52,
54, 55, 59, 60, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68,
73, 74, 76, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 87, 90,
91, 93, 97, 99, 102, 106, 110, 113,
118, 120
5, 9, 10, 12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23,
24, 26, 27, 28, 31, 32, 37, 38, 46, 52,
53, 56, 57
1, 2, 3, 5, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 21,
22, 24, 25, 26, 29, 30, 32, 34, 46, 47,
51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 61, 62, 64, 66,
67, 73, 78, 88, 110
SEMESTER RECESS / HOLIDAYS:
Monday, March 5 – Friday, March 9 – Spring Break
Thursday, April 4 – Monday, April 10 – Easter Break
Tuesday, May 1 – Lecture
FINAL DAY OF CLASS:
Thursday, May 3
OPTIONAL REVIEW SESSION:
Time & place TBA – Tuesday, May 8th ???
EXAMS:
Quiz #1 – Friday, January 26
Quiz #2 – Friday, February 2
Quiz #3 – Friday, February 9
Quiz #4 – Friday, February 16
Quiz #5 – Friday, February 23
Mid-Term Exam - Friday, March 2
Quiz #6 – Friday, March 16
Quiz #7 – Friday, March 23
Quiz #8 – Friday, March 30
Quiz #9 – Friday, April 13
Quiz #10 – Friday, April 20
Quiz #11 – Friday, April 27
Final Exam – Wednesday, May 9 – 8:00 am - 10:30 am
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