COMMON TOPIC OF MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY IN
ARCHITECTURE
THESIS AND THEIR RESEARCH ABILITY
WRITTEN BY
OLANIPEKUN BABATUNDE PHILIP
ARC/98/0568
SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
SCHOOL OF POST GRADUATE
FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, AKURE.
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF ARC 805
(RESEARCH METHODOLOGY)
LECTURER: PROF.O.O.OGUNSOTE
APRIL, 2008
1
TABLE OF CONTENT
Table of content………………………………………………………ii-iii
Abstract…………………………..………………………………………iv
Chapter one
1.0
Introduction…………………………………………………….1
Chapter two
2.0
Aim and objectives…………………………………………..2
2.1.1
Objectives……………………………………………………..2
Chapter three
3.0
Research methodology……………………………………….3
Chapter four
4.0
Types of research……………………………………………...4
4.1.1
Fundamental research………………………………………4
4.1.2
Applied research……………………………….……………..4
4.1.3
Action research……………………………………………….4
4.1.4
Areas which topic could be develop…………………5
Chapter five
5.0
5:1:1
Methods of gaining knowledge in research work………6
Tenacity method………………………………………….6
2
5:1:2
Method of authority……………………………………….5
5:1:3
A prior method……………………………………………..5
Chapter six
6.0
6:1:1
6:1:2
Research problem……………………………………………7
Selecting a topic………………………………….………….7
Guidelines for selecting research topic…………………..7
6:1:3 The essential parts of a research paper…………………..7
Chapter seven
7.0
Essential Principle for the student conducting historical
research………………………………..……………………….8
7.1.1
Certain basic principles, cautions and conditions essential for the
student conducting historical research can be listed as
follows……………………………………8
Chapter eight
8.0
Researchable topics on history of western
architecture …………………………………………………..10
8.1
Researchable topics on history of modern
architecture……………………………………………..…10
8.2
Researchable topics on history of Nigerian traditional
architecture………………………………………………… 11
Chapter nine
9.0
The researcher and their reseachability………...………12
Chapter ten
3
10.0
Summary and conclusion……………..…………………..13
References…………………….….....................................14
ABSTRACT
Research method is the ability of collecting analysis and presentation
of data. Research is the process of arriving at dependable solution to
problems through the planned and systematic collection, analysis and
interpretation of data. Research is an important tool for advancing
knowledge. Its makes the researcher to progress, and for enabling man to
relative more effectively to his environment.
Research method is oriented towards the discovery of the
relationships that exists among the phenomenal of the world in which we
live
Also, Research method is devoted to find the condition under which a
certain phenomena occurs and the conditions under which it does not
appear to be similar circumstances.
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CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
Research is a process of arriving at a dependable solution to problem
through the planned and systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation
of knowledge, for promoting progress; and for enabling man to relate
more effectively to his environment.
Research does not include the routine activities of applying what is
already know or of teaching in the usual sense of the word.reseach is
reserved for activities destined to discover facts and relationships that will
make knowledge more effective more so, any individual who looks up a
word in the dictionary or a historical fact in the encyclopedia claims he
researches it other person who purport to do research are merely engaged
in noting more than fact finding.
Research education is a tool of science in relatively new, dating back
to the turn of the century. Early progress was slow because of the lack of
technical know-how and of such tools as statically procedures and tests of
intelligence and achievement. The real breakthrough in educational
research dates back to fisher’s presentation in 1935, of his multivariate
experimental design, which made possible an adequate attack on the
complicate problems characteristics of the social sciences.
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CHAPTER TWO
2.0
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
AIM
This research methodology is to improve the standard of collecting,
analysis and presentation of data and selecting of researchable topics.
2.1.1
OBJECTIVES
1. Collecting information through observation.
2. Collecting information through interview.
3. Collecting information through questionnaire.
4. Through web resources.
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CHAPTER THREE
3.0
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research will base on the extensive literature review of existing related
work and direct interview with professional in the field.
Finally on selected case studies and web resources will be taking into
consideration. These will make provision for background knowledge and
aid both primary and secondary data gathering that is needed for the
research.
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CHAPTER FOUR
4.0
TYPES OF RESEARCH
There are three types of research
1. Foundational research or pure research.
2. Applied research.
3. Action research
4.1.1
FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH.
The foundational research is a well structured type in analyzing data
this lead to discovery of broad generalization or principle. The
fundamental method is usually the activity of psychologists using
laboratory situations where adequate control of variable could be
achieved.
4.1.2
APPLIED RESEARCH
There applied research has all the characteristics of foundational
method except the strict laboratory situation. The major work of applied
research is to test the theoretical concept in real problem situation. Most
of the educational research is applied research because it is much more
concerned with developing generalizations and principle concerning
teaching learning process and instructional materials.
4.1.3
ACTION RESEARCH.
Action method can only be useful in terms of local application it
cannot be used as a basic of the development of theories and general
principle. It is a useful process in improving school practices and it is an
area most appropriate for classroom teachers who might wish to get
involved with research activity.
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4.1.4
AREAS WHICH TOPIC COULD BE DEVELOP
I.
Programmed instruction
II.
Television instruction
III.
Audio-visual programmed
IV.
Field Trips
V.
Guidance and counseling
VI.
School building and facilities e.g. lighting, space safety.
VII.
School health services
VIII.
Use of the library
IX.
Independent study programmed
X.
The effects of parent teacher Association
XI.
A recreational environmental for tourist.
XII.
History of Architecture e.t.c.
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CHAPTER FIVE
5.0
METHODS OF GAINING KNOWLEDGE IN RESEARCH WORK
There are four methods of gaining knowledge in research work.
1. Method of tenacity
2. Method of authority
3. A prior method
4. Method of science
5:1:1
TENACITY METHOD
This is the method when man holds firmly truth, which they know to be
true because they hold firmly to it also because they know it to be true.
Frequent repetitions of such truths seem to enhance their validity.
5:1:2
METHOD OF AUTHORITY
Method establishing belief. If the bible says so, it is so, if the mother say it,
it is true. This method is superior to the method of tenacity because
human progress, although slow, can be achieved by using this method.
5:1:3
A PRIOR METHOD
This method rests it case for superiority on the assumption that the
propositions accepted. By the “a priority” are self-evident. A priori
propositions usually “agree with reason” and not necessarily with
experience.
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CHAPTER SIX
6.0
RESEARCH PROBLEM
6:1:1
SELECTING A TOPIC
After many hours of exploitation some student abandon their topic and
start afresh while others continue despite the unsuitability of their
problem and end up having nothing worthwhile but the satisfaction of
having met another requirement a result, the thesis which should be the
most rewarding experience of the student’s academic’s life becomes shear
drudgery.
6:1:2
GUIDELINES FOR SELECTING RESEARCH TOPIC
There are no standard rule that, either single or collectively of a research
problem. The only guideline is many number of suggestions might be listed
for the student in selecting a research topic.
6:1:3
THE ESSENTIAL PARTS OF A RESEARCH PAPER
i.
The topic must be of interest to the student
ii.
The topic should be sufficiently original
iii.
The topic must be researchable
iv.
The topic must be significant
v.
The research into the problem must be feasible.
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CHAPTER SEVEN
7.0
ESSENTIAL PRINCIPLES FOR STUDENT CONDUCTING HISTORICAL
RESEARCH
7.1.1 CERTAIN BASIC PRINCIPLES, CAUTIONS AND CONDITIONS
ESSENTIAL FOR THE STUDENT CONDUCTING HISTORICAL RESEARCH CAN
BE LISTED AS FOLLOWS:i.
Do not read into earlier document the conception of later
times
ii.
Do not judge an author ignorant of certain event, occurrence
in his writings.
iii.
Understanding a source is no less an error than
overestimating it in the same degree, and there is no more
virtue in placing an event too late than in dating it too early by
the same number of years or centuries.
iv.
A single true source may establish the existence of an idea,
but other direct, competent, independent witnesses are
required to prove the reality of event or objective facts.
v.
Identical errors prove the dependence of sources on each
other, or a common source.
vi.
If witnesses contradict each other on a certain point, one or
the other may be true, but both may be in error.
vii.
Direct, competent, independent witnesses who report the
same central fact and also many peripheral matters in a casual
way may be accepted for the points of their agreement.
viii.
Official testimony, oral or written, must be compared with
unofficial testimony whenever possible, for neither one nor
the other is sufficient alone.
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ix.
A document may provide competent and dependable
evidence on certain points, yet carry on weight in respect to
others it mentions.
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CHAPTER EIGHT
8.0
RESEACHABLE TOPICS ON HISTORY OF WESTERN ARCHITECTURE.
1. Enhancing Christian worship through Architecture.
2. Achieving spaciousness of interior through proper planning
3. Monumentality of worship centre
4. Structural Engineering techniques for design of large span spaces.
5. Conservation and preservation of Artifacts and national monuments.
8.1
RESEARCHABLE TOPICS ON HISTORY OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE
1. Geometry and architecture revolutionary: revolutionary changes in
geometry in 19th century and impact on early 20th century.
2. Temporal morphological transformation of early industrial
revolution: an investigation into the spatial structure of social
changes.
3. A comparative analysis of configurationally means for western
architecture and modern architecture of early 20th century.
4. New methods of construction, new forms, new problems and new
solutions in modern architecture.
5. Study of emergency and development of international style within
the complex and diverse urban environment(a critical look at the
past, present and future)
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8.2 RESEARCHABLE TOPICS ON HISTORY OF NIGERIAN TRADITIONAL
ARCHITECTURE.
1. Effect of culture on the design of modern traditional palaces.
2. Promoting tourism through the preservation and conservation of
shrine and temple architecture.
3. Use of local material in the designs of interior of traditional
Hausa residential buildings.
4. A review of abandoned historical building materials.
5. Enhancing cost effectiveness through the use of locally produced
material in contemporary buildings.
6. Collective effects of public stakeholders for the national
developments.
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CHAPTER NINE
9.0
THE RESEARCHER AND THEIR RESEACHABILITY
1. Has the researcher clearly defined his problem? It is difficult to
conduct historical research adequately without adding to the
confusion by starting out with a nebulous problem. Is the problem
capable of solution? Is it within the competence of the researcher?
2. Are data of primary nature available in sufficient completeness to
provide a solution, or has there been an unverifiable sources.
3. Has the validity of the data been adequately established?
4. Does the researcher display enough mastery of his data and insight
into their relative significance?
5. Are his hypotheses testable?
6. Those researchers see the relationship between his data and other
historical facts.
7. Is the researchers’ style of writing attractive and informative?
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CHAPTER TEN
10.0
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
In selecting a researchable topic there are some consideration to be meet,
Interest, uniqueness, Ability and training, Available of data and instrument,
financial support, Time factor.
More so, the researcher topic must be interesting, we would not
expect care and well-designed procedure and problem. The criteria of
interest are necessary but not sufficient because, as sex point out it can
lead researchers to investigate trivial problem as well as important.
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REFERENCES
1.
Jonathan osman ndagi:-The essentials of research methodology for
Nigeria educator 1984, publish by university press limited
Ibandan.Page 11-16.
2.
E.C.Osuala:-Introduction to research methodology (1993) publish
by:-AFRICANA FEB PUBLISHERS LIMITED 79; Awka road, P.M.B.1639
Onitsha Nigeria. Page 4-8, 142-144.
3.
Professor O.O.Ogunsote. (Hand note)ARC 805 Research methods in
Architecture.
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