1 COM 242 – INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION COURSE SYLLABUS ENVIRONMENT CULTURE CONSCIOUSNESS WORLD VIEW IDEOLOGY PEDAGOGY LANGUAGE [Revised: 1-18-11 determines culture and determines consciousness and determines world view and determines ideology and determines pedagogy and determines language and shapes behavior and so on and so on and so on... INTRODUCTION: Communication is the method used to arrive at shared meanings through message exchange. Although communication has been defined in a variety of ways, it is the process through which meaning and social reality is created. This course looks closely at how individuals structure and interpret messages across a variety of contexts. Special attention is paid to interpersonal communication (IPC) as it is effected by: perception, intra vs. interpersonal communication, impression formation, conflict, attraction, rule systems, relationship, family, love, self-concept, self-disclosure, gender differences, etc. Interpersonal Communication - A Working Definition: Interpersonal communication is a selective, systemic, ongoing process in which unique individual’s interact to reflect and build personal knowledge and to create meanings. Interpersonal communication competence includes abilities to monitor oneself, engage in dual perspective, enact a range of communication skills, and adapt communication appropriately. According to John Stewart [Bridges Not Walls] “….interpersonal communication is not something that only happens in face-to-face settings, during discussions of weighty topics, or in long-term intimate relationships. Instead, the term “interpersonal” designates a kind or quality of contact that emerges between people whenever they are willing and able to highlight in their speaking and listening aspects of what makes them human….” Stewart goes on to say that “interpersonal communication happens between persons, not between roles, masks, of stereotypes….[It] can happen between you and someone else only to the degree that each of [you/us] makes available some of what makes [you/us individuals].” 2 Towards that end, this course is designed to help students discover their true self and their relationship to the environment. Students are encouraged to reach goals and exceed their limits. A variety of creative class exercises and assignments will be used to stimulate your thinking. The nature of the course requires high quality self-disclosure, some soul searching, and a lot of introspection. Look for the Hidden Agendas (HA's) that are lurking everywhere! Whatever we do in class, is done for a reason-- try to discover the "HA" and how it relates to the major assignment. Believe it or not, the classroom is a very safe place for you to practice for the "Real World!" What you do, what you learn, and how you think will be tested. COURSE PHILOSOPHY: "To teach a lesson wherever you leave room to learn one!" Throughout the semester practice identifying, as well as utilizing, your resources. This is not a lecture course-- in the traditional sense. The class evolves from day to day based on what the contributors bring to it. Each of you will be expected to come prepared, on time, and ready to add meaningfully to the day’s activities. You must do more than just physically show-up. Learn to vocalize your thoughts, feelings, attitudes, and values. Learn to conceptualize and articulate those "WHY" questions. Why do you believe, think, feel, assume, or hope, "X" to be true? COURSE HISTORY: Interpersonal Communication (IPC) is designed to help students become better communicators. Students are exposed to IPC theory and asked to apply first hand experience(s) against what is known about how people are expected to act interpersonally. A variety of approaches have been designed to help students “think, analyze and process” IPC behavior—theirs as well as others. The classroom atmosphere encourages high levels of self-disclosure, honesty, discretion, and conversations. This is also the course that teaches students about the pitfalls of procrastination! This course was re-designed in 1985 and has been modified each semester based upon student feedback. Several years ago peer assistants became a part of the classroom experience. This turned out to be a wonderful addition to the course. UNDERSTANDINGS: Together, the class will investigate the use of (non) verbal messages in developing and maintaining relationships. To assist in the development of your interpersonal communication skills, theory will be combined with practice. Towards that end, each student is expected to complete a major research project and participate in class related activities. 3 REQUIRED MATERIALS/EXPENSES: 1. Interpersonal Communication: Everyday Encounters latest edition; by Julia T. Wood; Wadsworth Publishing Company 2. VIA EMAIL: Generic Syllabus/IPC Syllabus/Handout Workbook 3. A large (3 to 4 inch) three-ring binder; recycled binders are available in my office. 4. Style Manual for Communication Studies by Bourhis, Adams, and Titsworth 5. Media Writer’s Handbook: A guide to common writing & editing problems by Arnold SUGGESTED RESOURCE: SPSS FOR WINDOWS: An Introduction to Use and Interpretation in Research by George A. Morgan, Orlando V. Griego, and Gene W. Gloeckner. UNIVERSAL COURSE GUIDELINES ATTENDANCE POLICY This semester the class will meet on Mondays & Thursdays from 10:00 to 11:50. There will be limited to no opportunity, during the semester, to go back over missed assignments, quizzes, class activities, discussion notes. Due to the time constraints, it is the Professor’s option whether or not to allow make-ups! This does not mean you may never miss a single class the entire semester. The policy only states that you are held responsible for whatever occurs on the day of your absence. It is your choice whether to miss class for personal reasons, observance of religious holidays, and/or participation in athletic or cultural events for the College. Regardless of how major or minor your illness maybe, an absence is an absence... You are still expected to find out what you missed and to come prepared for the next class. Only one lecture is given per class so find a reliable person who can give you accurate information. The SPSS workshop is mandatory although it will be scheduled around the best time for all students. All written assignments should be typed, appropriately spaced, and proofread. There are no exceptions. Further, because attendance is very important to the grading process, it is not only a requirement for successful completion of this course, it is also an expectation! Students should be on time for every class and stay for the entire period! Excessive tardiness will accumulate and negatively affect your participation grade (see Graded Assignment section). 4 ACADEMIC DISHONESTY POLICY Disciplinary action will be taken against any student who plagiarizes or participates in any form of cheating! Academic dishonesty is defined as any attempt by a student to submit, as his/her own, work which has not been done by him/her, or to give improper aid to another student in the completion of an assignment. Such dishonesty would include, but is not limited to: submitting as her/his own a project, paper, report, test, or speech copied from, partially copied, or partially paraphrased from the work of another (whether the source is printed, under copyright, or in manuscript form). Credit must be given for words quoted or paraphrased. The above rules apply to any academic dishonesty, whether the work is (un)graded, group or individual, written or oral. This policy is embraced by TCNJ and the Department of Communication Studies and applies to every class taken at this institution whether stated implicitly or not in the Student Handbook. GRADING STANDARDS: A = Excellent B = Good Excellent work is better than “good.” It is characterized by unusual originality, insight, style, etc. An “A” paper has excellent content and no important errors in writing. A typical paper at this level: Effectively addresses the writing task Is well organized and well developed Uses clearly appropriate details to support assertions and/or illustrate ideas Displays consistent facility in the use of language Demonstrates syntactic variety and appropriate word choice though it may have occasional errors Good work has solid content that completely fulfills the assignment and has no notable weaknesses. A “B” paper also has no major errors in writing. A typical paper at this level: May address some parts of the task more effectively than others Is generally well organized and developed Uses details to support the premise or illustrate ideas Displays facility in the use of language 5 C = Adequate Demonstrates some syntactic variety and range of vocabulary, though it will probably have occasional errors Adequate work is considered “average” in that it fulfills the basic requirements for the assignment; it also has some minor weaknesses. A typical paper at this level: Addresses the writing topic adequately but may slight parts of the task is adequately organized and developed uses some details to support thesis statements or illustrate ideas demonstrates adequate but possibly inconsistent facility with syntax and usage may contain some errors that occasionally obscure meaning D = Weak Weak work barely fulfills the assignment, but with major weaknesses. A typical paper at this level may reveal one or more of the following weaknesses: Inadequate organization or development Inappropriate or insufficient details to support or illustrate generalizations A noticeably inappropriate choice of words or word forms An accumulation of errors in sentence structure and/or usage F = Failing Failing work does not fulfill the assignment and does not represent college-level work. A typical paper at this level is seriously flawed by one or more of the following weaknesses: Serious disorganization or underdevelopment Little or no detail, or irrelevant specifics Serious and frequent errors in sentence structure or usage Serious problems with focus May be incoherent May be underdeveloped May contain severe and persistent writing errors 6 Additional notes: A passing grade is NOT guaranteed! The entire grade range will be used. The median grade tends to be a “B”, “B-“or “C+”. The grade of “A” is reserved for extraordinarily fine work! Office appointments must be set up by email; designated hours will be set aside to accommodate faculty, as well as student, schedules. Graded work will not be discussed outside of scheduled office appointments. There will be no exceptions! Excessive tardiness will have a negative affect on your grade. How to be successful in a Sims’ Course: There are no shortcuts. If you follow all of the guidelines below, you are likely to do well in this course (though there are, of course, no guarantees). If you do not follow any of the guidelines, you may do poorly in this course. To learn the most you can and earn the best possible grade, you should: 1. KEEP UP WITH THE READINGS. This means, do at least some reading every day, beginning with the first day of class. Some weeks have substantial reading assignments, while others have lighter assignments. Look ahead and plan your reading accordingly. Assigned readings must always be completed before the class session for which it was assigned. 2. THINK ABOUT WHAT YOU READ. Always ask yourself—what are the important ideas? Note anything that you do not understand or wish to hear discussed, and bring your notes to class. For each class period, you should have at least one question or observation appropriate for sharing with the class. If you don’t understand a word, look it up in the dictionary. 3. MEET ASSIGNMENT DEADLINES. Write your papers ahead of time so that you can proofread, correct, and revise – and so that no computer related mechanical problems will cause you to miss a deadline. 4. ATTEND EVERY CLASS AND BE ATTENTIVE to lectures, discussions, and visual presentations. It is important to take notes, but it is even more important to listen, think, question and discuss. Work, social engagements, medical appointments, etc., should NEVER be scheduled to conflict with your classes. The only legitimate reasons to miss class are severe illness or a death in the immediate family. If you must miss a class, get the notes and any handouts from a classmate; do not ask the professor to supply them. 5. CONTACT ME BY EMAIL [Sims@TCNJ.Edu] if you have any concerns, questions, or wish to set up an appointment. 7 WRITTEN ASSIGNMENTS: 1. Each paper must be typed, or word-processed and legibly printed. Faint or light printing and/or handwritten papers will not be accepted. Papers must be in finished form when submitted; do not write in last minute corrections. 2. In the upper right-hand corner of page 1, type your name, the course number, title, or a re-statement of the assignment. No paper will be accepted if it falls below the minimum. 3. Three hole punch and staple your paper(s); paper clips and plastic covers are not acceptable or appreciated and could be considered a waste of your money. WRITING MECHANICS include grammar, punctuation, word choice, spelling, sentence structure. Perfect accuracy should be the goal. Writing errors are likely to result in the lowering of a grade. When a paper is returned to you, and it is has a circled X in the upper right-hand corner, you must correct all of the errors marked in red and turn it in at the next class. If you do not turn it in with the corrections, on time, for any reason, the grade will be reduced by one-half, (e.g., C+, C, C-). When errors are committed that appear on the list of “Common Writing Errors”, or when a paper is poorly proofread, the grade reduction will be relatively heavy. You are strongly encouraged to use a writing style guide or have someone with ability and skill to proof read your work before submission. You are expected to spell check and proof read your papers! COMMON WRITING ERRORS All errors marked in red must be corrected. SP = Spelling error; PWC = Poor word choice; AWK = awkwardly written; PR = Poor proofreading; a number refers to an error listed and described in Hacker’s “A Pocket Style Manual.” You are encouraged to use it religiously while writing. DEADLINES As a general rule, exams will not be given prior to, or after, their scheduled time. It is rare that an exception to this rule will be made. ONLY in extremely special cases [to be determined by the professor], will this rule change. If a student is allowed to take the exam at a time other than when it is originally scheduled, there will be a half grade deduction. In other words, if you get a 100% your highest grade would only be an A-. Exams must be taken when scheduled. Papers are to be submitted on time. Speeches and/or presentations should be delivered, or presented, when scheduled. A deadline will be extended only if: (1) A letter from a physician, on letterhead, states specifically that you were too ill to do the work on time (note that evidence of your simply having had a doctor’s appointment will not suffice); or (2) A copy of a newspaper obituary or death certificate, and a funeral announcement or program, indicate a death in your 8 immediate family. Make-up presentations must be schedule during the current semester. The final exam is objective and drawn from the text and lecture material. LATE PAPERS: If a student is absent, and has an acceptable excuse [determined by the professor], the assignment/paper may be submitted through email with the understanding that the student is responsible for turning in a hard copy of that paper/assignment to the professor NO later than the next class period. If a student is allowed to submit the paper/assignment at a time other than when it is originally due, there will be a half grade deduction. In other words, if you get a 100% your highest grade would only be an A-. In addition, a paper may be submitted up to 3 days late – but no later than by the next class meeting. The grade will be reduced by one half letter for each day late (e.g., B+, B, B-). After 3 days, the paper cannot be submitted and will receive a grade of “F”. This rule only applies if the paper/assignment is submitted through email or after it is due. It does not apply to papers/assignments that are submitted early. BACK-UP COPIES: Keep copies of each assignment. If a paper gets misplaced, lost, or is questionable as to whether it was turned in or not, you must provide another copy. INAPPROPRIATE CLASSROOM BEHAVIOR No food or drink, other than water, is allowed in class. Exceptions will be made on a case-by-case basis. No hats, gum chewing, heads down on desk or continuous dyad conversations during lectures and class discussion and/or activities. TURN OFF ALL CELL PHONES AND PAGERS BEFORE CLASS BEGINS! GRADED ASSIGNMENTS: The following assignments will be used to determine your final grade. All grades are final unless there is a calculation error. Grades will be based upon how well the student manages all of the assigned tasks: * # A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7 GRADED ASSIGNMENTS Chapter Comments Handout Workbook Presentation The Mega Project Participation Take-home written final In-class oral final % Value 15% 15% 10% 30% 10% 15% 05% 100% * 9 COM 242 – INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION CALENDER WEEK 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 DAY 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 MONTH January February March April CLASS ACTIVITIES Course Introduction Handout Handout Handout Handout Handout Handout Handout Handout Handout Handout #01 #02 #03 #04 #05 #06 #07 #08 #09 #10 – – – – – – – – – – Sims Investigation Coat-of-arms Communication Model Communication Style Memory Game Object Exercise Multi-dimensional Self Life Scripts Life Positions Perception Activities Handout #11 Handout #12 Spring Break Spring Break Handout #13 Handout #14 Handout #14 – Johari’s Window – Breadth and Depth Chart Handout Handout Handout – Do You Mean – Do You Mean – Do You Mean – Class line up – Adjective Exercise – Adjective Exercise Handout #16 – WMYH/WPYO Presentations Presentations Presentations Course evaluation - Farewell remarks DATE R 20 M 24 R 27 M 31 R 03 M 07 R 10 M 14 R 17 M R M R M R M R M R M R M R M R M R M R Homework Assignment: Conduct a Sims' investigation; use as many resources as possible. Contact friends, acquaintances, strangers, faculty, staff, other students (especially MEGA survivors). Talking with anybody who has information about Dr. Sims and/or this course would be a good idea. Task: Interview as many people as you can. Ask them for three words that describe the course and three that describe Dr. Sims. Students are encouraged to gather as much information as necessary to prepare for this course. You must decide what information is important and what is not? For example, “Do you need 21 24 28 03 07 10 14 17 21 24 28 31 04 07 11 14 18 21 25 28 10 specific facts about the class? What is the MEGA assignment? What is Dr. Sims' zodiac sign? Any rumors IPC/Dr. Sims? What is her teaching style; her views on class participation/attendance? Is she competent to teach this course? What is her educational/professional background? Is this information relevant? Write it down and bring it to class; be prepared to verify the accuracy of your data. What is the "HA" for this assignment? COURSE ASSIGNMENTS: The final grade will be determined using the following assignments. All grades are final unless there is a calculation error. Grades will be based upon how well the student manages all of the assignments/tasks: ASSIGNMENT #1: Chapter Comments [worth 15%] There are eleven chapters in the text. Students are asked to select 1 question from each chapter comments handout; the questions center on interpersonal theory. The term must be defined and applied to personal experience(s); be sure to include insights and/or the relevance of the term. The grade will be negatively affected if the assignment is not turned in on time, completely answered and well formatted. =============================================================== WEEK # *CHAPTER READINGS - Weekly Discussion/Chapter Comments =============================================================== 2 3 *Ch *Ch 1: 1st Look at Interpersonal Communication 2: Communication & Creation of Self 4 5 *Ch *Ch 3: Perception & Communication 4: The World of Words 7 *Ch *Ch 5: The World Beyond Words 6: Mindful Listening 9 *Ch *Ch 7: Emotions & Communication 8: Communication Climate: Foundation IPC 10 11 *Ch 9: Managing Relationship Conflicts *Ch 10: Friendships in Our Lives 12 *Ch 11: Committed Romantic Relationships ASSIGNMENT #2: Handout Workbook [worth 15%] The Handout Workbook is a collection of insightful readings, poems, cartoons, activities, etc., about IPC and relationships. The workbook is designed to help students think (often outside of the box) about their perceptions and experiences. 11 TASK: Complete and submit fifteen specific entries [highlighted in yellow] from The Handout Workbook (HW) List. Handouts must be turned in when due. Late work is discouraged. There is a penalty for lateness, incompleteness, lack of breadth/depth; not grounded in IPC theory; incorrect formatting, structure, poor organization, etc. It is important to set personal goals for improving your interpersonal competence. One way to continually re-assess your goals is by completing the "HW". An "HW" is different from a diary in that it is designed to also be read by Dr. Sims. Take this opportunity to personally analyze your feelings, observations, and goals. Frequently, in a class environment individual needs can be over-shadowed by the group as a whole. An effective and supportive class environment is necessary for interpersonal growth. The classroom is a good place to practice improving your IP skills. The "HW" should help you focus-- use it as your personal learning tool. You are expected to turn in each H within one week of the day the H topic is covered in class. Without exception late H entries will not be accepted! They, as well as the chapter comments, are due at the start of class. The remaining Hs may be completed at any time during the semester. Put graded H entries 1-15 in the MEGA binder when it is submitted. Throughout the semester look for relationships between class activities, readings, lectures, discussions, the IPG, and the major assignment. HW Characteristics -- to receive proper credit ENTRIES MUST BE: 1. Clearly identified, i.e., name and section number in top right corner of each page. 2. Numbered, dated, and identified with an activity label (see H examples #1 and #2). 3. Number according to the H list regardless of the order in which the H activity is covered in class. 4. Numbered properly... Following the summary of each H, the example should be a numbered "HA". Each entry should be related to the MEGA assignment in some (in) direct way. 5. The hard copy (no email accepted) of your H must be TYPED, DOUBLE SPACED, THREE HOLE PUNCHED (available in office), grammatically correct and proofread. Since HANDOUTS take time to write and even more time to read, it is important that all these guidelines be followed to avoid wasting time and to enhance the learning experience. If you follow these simple guidelines the class experience should be more personally rewarding. 12 Some HANDOUT Do's and Don'ts 01. Don't wait to type your H entry -- do it as soon after class as possible while the experience/feelings are still fresh. 02. Don't give a detailed description of the exercises or a "tale of events." We were both there; don't waste our time. 03. Don't try to "psych me out". Concentrate on the "here-and-now" of what you have observed. 04. "Don't blow off steam" or be evaluative of exercises or class members. Be descriptive—follow the guidelines for effective feedback. 05. USE: one side of page; size 12 font-- no script. 06. Discuss your feelings about what occurred in class. It is important to link those feelings to specific behavior (yours and others) that triggered them. Own your feelings/be descriptive. 07. Relate what occurred in class to course readings or lecture materials. How does it tie in to interpersonal communication theory (Cognitive Analysis)? 08. Elaborate on what you discovered about yourself and/or other class members as a result of the group experience (Personal Leanings). 09. Explain how you plan to change/alter your behavior as a result of this experience to improve future functioning (Personal Goal Setting). 10. How do you plan to apply what you learned (Transference)? 11. In every class activity look for the hidden agenda's (HAs). 12. Staple multiple pages (stapler available in department office) HANDOUT EXAMPLES: NAME: Follow the format below EXACTLY! COM 242 HANDOUT ENTRY #1: Coat of Arms DATE: Month/Day/Year I had done this before and I enjoyed doing it again. I was surprised that my coat of arms was so similar to last semester. In fact, it scared me because I know I changed a lot last semester. The funny thing is, I didn't see myself as someone who knew who she was.... The changes I experienced were important for my development as a... person. Even though they seemed like major changes last semester, now...from a different point of view...the changes...relate to my fundamental ideas...although I'm open to suggestions-- any changes that occur are like that of a tree's life: It's trunk will remain pretty much the same while it's leaves fall, only to grow new ones in the Spring? HA #1: It feels so good -- I mean the Coat-of-arms was just a simple assignment but I learned so much about myself. I guess I was just expecting to learn about someone else, the person I didn't know - or the person I knew the least, but I also learned about myself. 13 HA #2: The major assignment also gives me a chance to find out more about myself through the eyes of others. This is my chance to step outside of myself and see me through someone else's perceptions. NAME: COM 242 HANDOUT ENTRY #2: The Ball Game DATE: Month/Day/Year In today's exercise you couldn't talk unless you had possession of the ball. At first I really thought this exercise was stupid and then I just got mad. No one gave me the ball, and so I wasn't allowed to participate in this discussion. People kept giving the ball to Ivy, maybe because she's usually so quiet. At first, this seemed to upset her, but then she began to participated more. Finally, I just sat back and stopped trying to get the ball. When the exercise was over and we began to talk about what happened, I was still mad! During the exercise, both verbally and nonverbal, the class told me that I tend to dominate this discussion by talking too much. I always thought of myself as a "leader" who knew where to lead the group. It was a shock that my peers felt that I talked too much and that this behavior had a negative effect on them. I began to realize (empathize) with the more quiet members of the class. It is easy to give up trying to participate when others are dominating the class experience. HA #1: I think this has taught me a valuable lesson. I just assumed that everyone wanted/needed me in a dominant role. Perhaps I should check out this perception more often and work on being more flexible. I get nervous if things don't happen fast enough, and I don't trust others' as much as I should to carry the ball. I hope to work on being more receptive to others' feedback. I need to trust people more often in a class setting. I also hope that I can learn to be aware of the "quiet" members need to participate and use my outgoing style to bring out other members instead of just myself. HA #2: This definitely ties into the project because I am not aware of how much I try to dominate the conversation. This assignment will give my peers a chance to give me feedback on my interact ional style. There are probably a lot of verbal and nonverbal cues that I use to shut people down so I can hog the conversation. 14 * HANDOUT WORKBOOK LIST * #1-15 Due ONE week from when they are completed in class - excluding discussion day topics 01. The Sims Investigation [in class] 02. 03. 04. The Coat-of-Arms Visualize your Communication Model Describe your Communication Style [B 7] [A 1] [A 2] 05. 06. The Memory Game The Object Exercise [in class] [in class] 07. 08. 09. The Multidimensional Self Life Positions Life-Scripts [A 5] [A 6] [A 7] 10. Perception Activities [section C] 11. 12. Johari's Window Breadth and Depth Chart 13. The Class line-up exercise 14. 15. Adjective exercise Do you mean...? [in class] #16–19 Make-up Credit will only count if you missed 1 of the 15 above 16. Natural Highs (what makes you happy?) [D 4] Natural Lows (what pisses you off?) [D 5] 17. Credo – My Relationship with Another [F 6] 18. Bill of Rights [E 11] 19. Things you want to do [before you die] or wish to change about the world *These lists should include hidden agendas Anything not marked for discussion is worth 1 point each! 15 ASSIGNMENT #3: Oral Presentation [worth 05%] At the end of the semester, you must present the results of your research to your peers. Using the outline below your presentation should cover all of the information that varies among you (students). Your IPG should not be included in this paper! Cover the following information in your paper and during the presentation [Mega Guts in red]: * Required: OUTLINE for RESEARCH PAPER and PRESENTATION * i. COVER PAGE A. CREATIVELY Title your paper (center title). B. Your name (centered and double spaced under the title). C. Dr. Sims, COM 242 - flushed right; ii. TABLE OF CONTENTS (all major (sub) heading w/appropriate page #s) iii. ABSTRACT (center this word at top of page) An abstract is an informative condensed version of your paper that briefly (in 100 to 150 words) explains the study's objectives and scope, its methods, results, and principle conclusions. Be sure to include the following information: 1. An explanation of the general nature of the study and what the research was about (HY/RQ/Question). 2. A detail description of the methods, procedures, survey sample, and other specific information about how the research was done. 3. The significant results of the study; those that bear most directly on the Hypothesis/RQ. 4. A condensed discussion of results, their relationship to the literature review, and the proposed direction for future research. SAMPLE ABSTRACT (115 words) The investigation by Byrd and Sims (1998) explored factors that influence interpersonal satisfaction (IS). IS was defined as an affect ional response to prolonged interaction in an interpersonal relationship. It was discovered that several factors determined level of relationship, and self-disclosure. Three hundred and seven students participated in the study. They answered paper and pencil measures of the four variables. The results of the study indicated that people with low communication apprehension have the highest level of satisfaction. Females were more satisfied than males and high self-disclosures were more satisfied than low-level disclosures as the relationship moved from acquaintance to intimacy. Future studies should focus on duration and prior history in relationships as well as perceived self-attraction. 16 I. INTRODUCTION (center on page) A. Introduce the problem, issue or critical focus B. Develop the background of the paper (Literature Review) 1. This section presents the communication theories that most directly relate to your ID/DP variables and RQ or HY: 2. Explain the basics of the 5 Journal studies, which you have selected. Briefly describe the methodology, ID/DP variables, subjects, research assumptions, outcomes, etc. Then explain how they support your line of research. 3. Define the theoretical key terms. C. Statement of purpose, problem or rationale 1. State the Research Questions (RQ) or Hypothesis (HY) a. A hypothesis refers to a guess or prediction about the relationship between two or more variables. You should select an HY if you have a "best guess" or prediction about what you think the results might be, e.g., "young males probably perceive women to be more emotionally insecure than older males." In this example, gender and age are the independent variables and positive perceptions of ability and attributes are the dependent variables. If you’re HY proves to be other than you predicted, it would be considered a "nullhypothesis,” but still worthy of investigation. b. You would ask a RQ if you have no idea what the answer to the question might be. For example, "are younger people less aggressive when interacting? with opposite race strangers or acquaintances?" In this example, relationship/ race are the IDVs; aggressive behavior is the DV. 2. State ID/DP variables a. An Independent variable is the antecedent or the presumed cause of impression formation or behavior. For research purposes, you must select at least two of the five independent variables listed below. Your task is to decide which 2 of these 5 [sex, race, age, status, relationship] variables might possibly influence behavior and/or perception. b. The dependent variable is the consequence or the presumed effect of the behavior. You must also select a situation or circumstance that you think is influenced by the independent variable (e.g., assertiveness, self-confidence). HINT: The introduction can be described as an inverted pyramid or funnel. Begin by generally describing the field you are studying. You want to explain current research as a continuum where your study is the next logical step in the Communication field. Your field description should gradually become more specific as you trace the development of your RQ/HY. The tip of the pyramid or bottom of the funnel is the paragraph where you state the RQ or HY and relevant variables. 17 II. METHODS (center on page) A. Participants (describe the demographic population surveyed) B. Procedures (describe sampling; control manipulations; other techniques used to collect data) C. Survey (describe format of survey, number of questions, cluster groups) This section should explain what you did and how you did it so the study could be replicate. III. RESULTS (center on page) A. Report the data clearly and economically-- be sure to explain findings. B. Figures are pictures, graphs and drawings and tables are tables. 1. Refer to them, but do not repeat data that has been presented. 2. Provide sufficient explanation. C. Statistics (refer to the Survey Guidelines Handouts on Ethics and Format) NOTE: You may use the most efficient/effective/logical method you want to analyze your data (e.g., cross tabulations, frequency distributions, t-squares, percentages....) Whatever you chose should be reported here. If appropriate, include any internal tables, graphs, or charts that help to visualize your data in this section. Focus on your ID and DP variables as they relate to your HY or RQ. If you decide to use the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to analyze your data refer to the SPSS TUTORIAL Handout. IV. DISCUSSION (center on page) - Address the following points: A. Did you support the RQ or HY? Why or why not? What criteria was used to determine support for the HY or to answer the RQ? B. Did you support past research? Why or why not? C. Identify the practical implications of your results? D. Describe the limitations of your study and suggestions for improvement-what changes, if any, would you make? E. Discuss your PRE/POST/100 surveys-- how do they compare/contrast? F. Next logical step. G. How will you reinforce what you've learned? V. APPENDICES (center/middle of page/by itself) A. Tally Sheets B. Questionnaires (pre/post/100) C. Other supporting material(s) -- if any D. Xerox copies of the research Journal articles used for your literature review. 18 ASSIGNMENT #4: The Mega Project [worth 30% of grade] Many of the communication terms covered in class relate to gender, age, race/ethnicity, status, & relationship issues. As the semester progresses, you should experience a transformation—going from the generic to your perceived self. When possible, apply the terms to your own life. Describe the life experiences that helped shape who you are? Relate those experiences to the concepts covered in class/the text. The Mega Project or major paper has several components: #1 - THE VISUAL TRANSFORMATION [Binder Insert] TASK: The student is asked to visually transform a 3½ binder inside and out, from cover to cover. The student may use any material(s) to express their personality, values, and major life experiences. Common materials include but are not limited to textiles, magazine clippings, poems, songs, hobbies, family and/or personal photographs. Creative packaging a plus! The VISUAL TRANSFORMATION is a creative story telling activity, which uses pictorial descriptions. Beginning with birth, punctuate your life experiences based upon significant episodes. Visually recreate those milestones using recycled materials, textures, drawings, poems, song lyrics, photographs or whatever else you can think of to help tell your IP story. You should include significant others who influenced your development. Begin this task now and nurture its development. By the end of the semester you should have a collection of items that represent your self-perceptions-“THE REAL YOU!” These items should be strategically placed throughout [in/outside] your binder. They should be used to help tell your interpersonal story. Make a statement about who you are as an individual. There are two ways in which a student can receive credit for the visual transformation-pick ONE of the following: #1 = A visual transformation of your "MEGA" binder from cover to cover. This is the binder that the Mega Project will be put in along with the pre/post surveys, the 100 surveys, all tally sheets and tables, graphs, stat sheets, etc., that were used to collect data. #2 = The "VISUAL" binder can also be used for the transformation assignment. This binder would not contain the information in #1. Instead it would just be a visual depiction of the important values, experiences, and major episodes in the life of the student. It should have a theme, e.g., childhood, high school, college or family, friends, hobbies, and not just be a recycled photo album. 19 IP TESTIMONIALS 01. “The MEGA was a useful intro to conducting communication research and gave me valuable skills for my summer internship…. I was able to tabulate surveys with ease and prepare an analysis in a report format. I developed methodologies and coding schemes for most of the research and projects that were assigned to me. Following Dr. Sims' strict guidelines and format prepared me for working in a corporate environment where everything is done according to a company-wide format and to your boss' liking. When I started the MEGA I didn't know what was going on and Dr. Sims wasn't going to let me know unless I asked. This prepared me to take a project and figure it out on my own until I had a good list of questions to follow up on. There's no hand holding in the real world.” 02. "Summing up my class experience will be difficult. I feel I've changed....I am more award of myself now. I can identify and define more...things I do and say [and] that other people do and say. I realized what I would do in a situation before. But now I know some of the whys. I also found that some of the behavior that I exhibit, that I thought was wrong...unacceptable, are not as bad as I thought. I also found the opposite to be true. All in all I feel that I'm just more aware of others and myself. I've learned some of those all-important "whys." That project... helped me to see some things that were good and some that are lacking. The most important thing was that I need to spend more time getting close to the people I feel are my close friends. I've gotten too caught up in being popular; I need to get back to my few close friends...." 03. "This class and the Mega were really a great and helpful experience.... They showed me parts of myself that I didn't even know existed!...If it weren't for all the work...I'd take this class over again. It's been like therapy for me." 04. "This class was the best and words really can't describe it. From the first day up until now, I can't tell…how much I learned about myself…others with perception and self-disclosure. It seemed this class helped me grow as an individual in so many ways.... all of the exercises we did in class plus the Mega assignment.... I learned so much more about myself than I thought I would even learn before. I really, truly loved & enjoyed every minute…!" 20 INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION DIRECTIONS and STRATEGIES Students are expected to read and complete each of the designated sections of the project in a timely manner. You should come to class prepared with questions on what you do not understand. ASSIGNMENT #4: THE MEGA PROJECT was born out of the belief that learning can be fun as well as immediately relevant. The interpersonal nature of communication, as a speech act, dictates a level of familiarity with the self as a social animal. To live in harmony with others and the environment, we must be aware of the special commonalities/differences that exist between us-after all we share the same basic needs. Our "life goals" should involve tasks we want to accomplish before we die. We measure success and wealth according to our perceived happiness with our life choices. Unfortunately, because of socialization, we measure and set standards according to the attitudes, beliefs, values, and opinions of others. Think about it! What choices do we make that do not involve input from friends, family, acquaintances, and/or even strangers? Our successful educational experiences, relationships, employment opportunities, consumer behavior, entertainment are all influenced by the attitudes and beliefs of those whom we grant immediate access or power in our lives. We are all products of our environment. This semester we will be discussing the role of families in the socialization process. We will talk about the developmental stages we move through in route to adulthood. You will be asked to look at how gender, race/ ethnicity, age, status, and/or relationship characteristics influence our perceptions/ choices. Hopefully, class discussions will help you find a comfortable "fit" in society. You may choose to re-write your life scripts. At least, you should develop a keener awareness of the social systems you move through. Maybe you will improve/change your "take charge" attitude about life. Or you will learn to more effectively "act" rather than "react" to situations. You might even learn to maximize your options by making informed choices. With all these issues in mind, you must take on the role of descriptive researchers. As a society, we tend to "take for granted" what our behavior says about us. However, we seldom go beyond our assumptions and gather evidence to support our impressions. This assignment gives you an opportunity to explore and analyze the ways in which segments of our society handle various communication problems/issues. 21 Once you have analyzed the problems/issues you should have more control, or at least understanding, of how to improve your IPC. Although you are not required to alter your behavior/daily routine (too much) in order to complete this assignment, you may choose to do so for experimental purposes and/or as a result of it. Answer each question and/or make a decision regarding each section of the paper. Write a draft paragraph for each section using the appropriate format. You are encouraged to organize/put the various sections of the MEGA paper in draft form. Use dividers to keep each section and sub-section of the paper separated. Label the parts and begin brainstorming on each piece of the MEGA puzzle. In order to complete this project, ON TIME, you're advised to follow the MEGA time line and chip away at this assignment, day-by-day... MEGA TIMELINE Step by Step by Step The tasks below should have begun, or been completed, by week/day indicated: week #2/day 3 01. Select an Interpersonal Communication Goal (IPG) you are committed to achieving this semester. The IPG should focus on some aspect of your interpersonal behavior that needs improvement. For example, becoming more (behavioral or verbally) assertive; learning to stand your ground during conflict situations with intimate others or family members; becoming more aware of annoying nonverbal behaviors... i.e., anything that is related to improving interpersonal habits/relationships. You may have more than one IPG and your IPG may change as the semester moves along. Your IPG should not be included in your MEGA paper! week #3/day 5 02. Make the following decisions: A. Select a Research Question (if you do not know the answer) or a Hypothesis (if you are making a prediction about what you think is true). B. Select your Dependent variable (the communication behavior that you think is a problem, e.g., assertiveness, apprehension, conflict, trust, self-confidence...). C. Select your two Independent variables (sex, age, race, status, relationship). Decide how the ID and DP Variables affect each other-- your claim should be that when you come in contact with the two ID variables your behavior (the DP) changes in some way that is negative or beyond your current control. 22 week #3/day 6 04. Structure the focus of your paper: A. The perceptions others have of you (your behavior), i.e., how do others think you will behave in situation "X"; or B. A social problem/issue that you think is characteristic of a particular segment of the population, e.g., men handle conflict with intimate others with more logic than emotions; women are more emotional in their response to conflict. This option must be approved by Dr. Sims! week #4/day 7 05. Identify the five "Research Journal Articles" that you will use for your Literature Review. You may use more, but not less, than five of these articles. Internet sources may be included (and should be documented) in your literature review BUT ARE NOT counted as any of the 5 required journal articles. Use APA style. Recommended Research Journals: Communication Education; Communication Research; Communication Abstracts; Human Communication Research; Western Communication Journal; Central Communication Journal; Southern Communication Journal; NJ Communication Journal. The Psychological and Sociological Journals may also be useful along with the new "Index to Communication Journals" and "Communication Search" which may be obtained through the TCNJ library. week #4/day 8 06. Begin the MEGA Draft: A. Describe why it is important for you to research this particular variable interaction. Here you are being asked to describe the problem and why you think this behavior occurs and how it effects interpersonal communication in a negative way. B. Select (draft) 20 questions, which focus on your RQ/HY. Feel free to rewrite and/or modify the SAMPLE Qs [that are provided] to fit your research needs/purposes. Whether you use the sample list, modify them, or make up your own, you should be able to justify each question that you select. Dr. Sims MUST APPROVE the final draft of your questionnaire, IDV/DV/HQ or HY. A one-on-one meeting with Dr. Sims will be scheduled for this purpose. C. Decide on your Methodology-- how will you approach the data collection process? Write each step of your process down so it can be replicated if necessary. Be sure to describe the: participants, procedures, and the survey. 23 REMEMBER: You should approach this assignment from a professional/research posture. This precludes how you "feel" about the assignment or any social group that may be involved. In no way, at any time, under any circumstances are you to influence, insult, or ignore the respondentsintentionally. Throughout this assignment your focus should always be clinical and objective. week #5/day 9 07. Decide what you are going to say to the respondents. When approaching subjects, tell them you are collecting data for a communication class. Assure them that the Q will only take a few minutes and that you want them to be COMPLETELY HONEST! Encourage them, by whatever means reasonably necessary, that their identity will not be associated with their responses. Write the script down word-for-word... Hello, my name is _________ and I am a student at The College of New Jersey. I am conducting a research project for my Interpersonal Communication class. Would you mind completing a brief survey about [PICK ONE-- either perceptions of your behavior or a social issue]? Your participation is voluntary and confidential. Any variation of this script is acceptable, as long as it includes the important points. The following participant consent form should be copied and signed by each participant in this study. Place the signed forms and questionnaires in the appendix of your paper/binder. Participant Consent Form The researcher is collecting this data with the permission of the Department of Communication Studies at the College of New Jersey for a course titled: Com 242 – Interpersonal Communication The purpose of this research is to ask people about their perceptions of the behavior of the researcher across various situations. Your name will not be used in association with the results of this study. Your responses will be reported collectively to determine, as a group, how individuals viewed the researcher based upon appearance and/or perceptions of anticipated behavior. I ________________________________________________________ [participant’s name] understand that I am participating in an interview being conducted for the class identified above. I understand that my anonymity will be protected by an agreement not to reveal my name or any personal information in the report. I willingly release the information collected during the interview to be used for student and/ or faculty research ___________________ (initials of interviewee) Signature: _______________________________________ Date: __________ 24 To complete the next section look at the "OUTLINE for RESEARCH PAPER and PRESENTATION". You have already addressed most of this information above. Students should explain their research methodology in the correct order and finish the remaining sections. week #6/day 11 08. Catch Up STOP PROCRASTANTING! Week #7/day 14 07. Finalize the first half of your paper: A. Come up with a title for your paper/project-- type up the Cover Page (with all the necessary information on it). B. Type the Running Head (an abbreviated title printed at the top of each page. C. Type your Table of Contents. D. Describe your Cluster Groups. Week #8/day 15 Finalize the second half of your paper: A. Discuss your comparison of the Pre/Post/100 Qs. B. Draft Results (they should either answer the RQ or support the HY). C. Draft your Limitations of Research; Conclusion and Summary sections. D. Now draft your Abstract. Week #9/day 18 09. The SPINE of the binder should contain your name; course/section #; semester/year. The contents of the binder should be 3 hole punched and contain the following items, properly inserted: A. All your Qs numbered from 1 to 100 (or whatever). B. Grand/collapsed tally sheets/charts/graphs/tables/visuals. C. Any necessary supporting materials (surveys, tally sheets, Research Articles...). Week #10-14 10. SPSS workshop; collect questionnaires; enter data; finalize paper; 3 hole punch paper; transform binder; proofread/spell check. 25 Distribution Codes Variables Category Number Per 1. SEX: 1 = Male 50 2 = Female 50 2. ^RACE: 1 = Same 50 2 = Different 50 3. AGES: 1 = Younger 50 2 = Older 50 4. STATUS: 1 = Student 50 2 = Nonstudent 50 5. RELATIONSHIP: 1 = Acquaintance 50 2 = Stranger 50 6. +ENVIRONMENT: [optional+] +3 = Family 50 +4 = Friend 50 1 = Home 50 2 = Work 50 50 ___ *N = 50 4 = Event 50 ___ *N = 50 (100) 3 = School *N = Number of surveys collected. However, remember, you must follow the variable distribution pattern identified above. Several of these categories overlap, so you may not need quite that many. Just make sure you have 50 (100) in each group. This is a logic problem so be sure to think through your data collection process thoroughly before you begin. Identify the exact race/ethnicity and age ranges that you used! Also be sure that the two independent variables that you select (i.e., sex, age, race, relationship, status) are equal in number (e.g., 100 by sex [50 male/50 female] and 100 by age [50 same/50 different]). ^Race/ethnic groups typically are: White/Non-Hispanic African-American/Black Hispanic/Latino Asian/Pacific Islanders Native American/Eskimo/Aleuts Disclaimer: If your binder is not picked up at the beginning of the next semester it will be used as a Mega Model and discarded the following semester. DATA ANALYSIS This assignment must be completed using SPSS. The TA for this class will run a workshop on using the SPSS program and will set up a time that is available for the majority of students in the class. 26 COM 242 Survey #: ______________ INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION SURVEY RESPONDENT DEMOGRAPHICS - Please check (fill out) YOUR: SEX: ___ Male AGE RANGE: ___ Female ___ 18 - 24 ___ 35 - 44 ___ 55 - 64 ___ 25 - 34 ___ 45 - 54 ___ 65+ STATUS GROUP: ___ Full-time Student ___ Non Student + ENVIRONMENT: ___ Hometown ___ School ___ Work ___ Social Event (optional+) SAMPLE QUESTIONS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------DIRECTIONS to PARTICIPANTS: Please read the following questions and mark the answer(s) that most appropriately apply [to how you perceive ME] or [to your behavior in the situations described below]. PLEASE SELECT only ONE ANSWER for each question! ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------01. How would you rate my (your) communication skills? (CIRCLE ONE) INEFFECTIVE = 1 2 3 4 5 = EFFECTIVE 02. Do I (you) appear: [should appear 2nd, 3rd, 4th, or 5th on the survey] __ Shy __ Tense __ Insecure __ Confident __ Articulate __ Reserved __ Uncertain __ Outspoken __ Inarticulate __ Relaxed __ Awkward __ Passive 03. If my (your) significant other asked me (you) to do something I (you) didn't want to do would I (you): __ Say no w/o thought __ Analyze and decide __ Complain and do it __ Just do it 27 04. When facing a mountain, would I (you) go? __ Bravely OVER IT (Assertive/Determined) __ Bull headedly THROUGH IT (Aggressive/Confident) __ Cautiously AROUND IT (Compromising/Clever) __ Meekly TURN AROUND/AVOID IT (Evasive/Accepting) 05. If someone was taking advantage of me (you), would I (you): __ Complain but do nothing __ Beat around the bush __ Confront him/her __ Ignore him/her __ Let him/her __ Act mad 06. At a party would you expect me to (would you): __ Flirt __ Remain very quiet __ Ignore you __ Look for a familiar face __ Wait to be approached __ Network __ Initiate conversation __ Only say hello __ Leave __ Stay w/friends/family __ Follow you __ Wait for you to talk to me 07. During a test a student is copying my (your) answers, would I (you): __ Tell professor __ Confront student __ Ignore student __ Cover my (your) answers 08. If you were left alone to take a test and the answers were visible on the desk would I/you? ___ Copy answers ___ Steal a quick glance ____ Not cheat ___ Copy enough to pass 09. If I walked past w/out smiling, would you think I was: __ Indifferent __ Introverted __ Oblivious __ Ignoring you __ Didn't like you __ Preoccupied __ Unfriendly __ Ill __ Didn't see you __ Depressed __ Hostile __ Shy/Snob 10. If I (you) saw someone hanging on my (your) boy/girlfriend would I (you): __ Beat him/her up __ Get upset/storm off __ Create a scene __ Beat up lover __ Confront lover __ Talk later __ Cry/Leave __ Ignore them __ Yell/Scream __ Talk calmly __ Not care __ Feel betrayed 28 11. If I (you) had a (personal) problem (w/ my (your) boss/relationship) would I (you): __ Complain __ Blame him/her __ Blame you __ Simmer/stew __ Deny feelings __ Leave __ Deal w/it __ Feel guilty __ Hold it inside __ Say nothings wrong __ Tell others __ Ignore problem __ Avoid issue __ Seek advise __ Get over it 12. If I (you) heard a rumor about my (your) girl/boyfriend cheating on me/you, would I (you): __ Beat him/her up __ Get upset/storm off __ Create a scene __ Beat up lover __ Confront lover __ Talk later __ Cry/Leave __ Ignore them __ Yell/Scream __ Talk calmly __ Not care __ Feel betrayed 13. When asked a personal question I (you) may not want to answer, would I (you): __ ignore it __ change the question __ tell half the truth __ change the subject __ answer honestly __ say its nobodies business __ refuse to answer __ fabricate an answer __ tell person to butt out 14. If I (you) ran into the one who "stood me (you) up" the previous night, would I (you): __ Ask them out again __ Confront them __ Ignore them __ Avoid them __ Give them a nasty look __ Demand an explanation 15. If a crime [specify type, i.e., burglary, shoplifting, assault] was in progress would I (you): __ Yell for help __ Only watch __ Assist the victim __ Help the perpetrator __ Call police __ Walk away 16. If an (attractive/undesirable) person asked me (you) on date, would I (you): __ Feel confident w/no __ Make up a lame excuse __ Politely decline __ Feel confident w/yes __ Put them off/not reply __ Be gracious __ Feel shy/embarrassed __ Go out with them 17. During a confrontation between two other people, would I (you): __ Watch nervously __ Intervene tactfully __ Leave __ Become part of the problem __ Get help __ Let other intervene 29 18. If I (you) found a wallet w/$500 & credit cards, would I (you): __ Keep money/return wallet __ Return it all right away __ Keep money/throw out wallet __ Think it over/return it 19. If someone criticized/laugh at me (you), would I (you): __ Laugh to __ Act defensively __ Ignore them __ Accept their opinion __ Dwell on it __ Let it go __ Let it run my day __ Stand my ground __ Attack them 20. If someone borrowed money but didn't pay it back, would I (you): __ Ask for it __ Wait for it __ Forget about it __ Brood __ Lend them more $$ 21. When faced with a racist/sexist comment/joke, would I (you): __ Laugh w/the crowd __ Ignore comment __ Retaliate w/fact __ Use abusive remarks __ Get mad and leave __ Try to educate the person 22. If a man was following me at the mall would I (you): __ Try to hide __ Confront him ___ Report him to police __ Yell for help __ Go back in the mall ___ Run to my car 23. If a professor sexually harassed me (you), would I (you): __ Ignore it __ Deal w/it my (your) self __ File charges 24. When my (your) boss reprimands me (you) for something I (you) didn't do, I (you) would: __ Calmly point out the blunder __ React defensively __ Say nothing __ Leave room/cry __ Confront them __ Feel guilty 25. If someone intentionally got in front of me (you) and I (you) told them where the back of the line began, would that be: __ Mean __ Pushy __ Aggressive __ Rude __ Appropriate __ Assertive 30 26. If a 1/2-hour into a blind date the person was offensive/rude, would I (you): __ Suffer through it __ Be equally offensive/rude __ End date immediately __ Express your feelings Do not use more than two of the following types of questions 27. What flower best describes me (you)? ___ Rose (lovely) ___ Lily (innocent) ___ Sunflower (happy) ___ Tulips (joyful) 28. What element best describes me (you)? __ Earth (headstrong/practical/stoic/stubborn) __ Water (creative/emotional/spiritual) __ Fire (energetic/enthusiastic/free spirited) __ Air (logical/diverse/mental) 29. What instrument best describes my (your) voice (check one)? __ Drum (hostile) __ Harp (smoothing) __ Tuba (confident) __ Trombone (trembling) __ Trumpet (flaunt) __ Cymbal (annoying) __ Piano (warm) __ Flute (shy) __ Sax (secure) 30. If I was (you were) an automobile, which type would I (you) be: __ Corvette (classy) __ BMW (dependable) __ Cadillac (established) __ Jette (practical) 31. If I (you) were a superhero, would I (you) be? __ The Hulk [brute force] __ Spiderwo(man) [sneaky/stealth] __ Plastic wo(man) [creative] __ Batwo(man) [vengeful] __ Superwo(man) [justice] __ Punisher [psychotic] 32. Which place best describes me (you): ___ Jail (uptight) ___ Store (indifferent) ___ House (warm) ____ Club (relaxed) 33. What type of music best describes me (you): __ Blues (moody) __ Classical (intellectual) __ Contemporary (mellow) __ Rap (secretive) __ Rock & Roll (rebellious) __ Soft Rock (docile) __ Hard Rock (aggressive) __ Country (earthy) __ Metal (intruding) __ Alternative (forward) __ Jazz (smooth) __ Instrumental (quiet) 31 34. What animal best describes me (you)? __ Owl (indifferent) __ Rabbit (easy prey/vulnerable) __ Lion (courageous/intimidating __ Turtle (introverted) __ Squirrel (timid) __ Peacock (showy) __ Toad (horny) __ Eagle (confident) __ Humpback Whale (aggressive) __ Fox (assertive/sly) __ Wolverine (advancing) __ Mouse (impatient) __ Porcupine (picky) __ Panther (aggressive) __ Badger (persuasive) __ Dog (loyal/lovable) __ Bird (nervous) __ Snake (sneaky) __ Deer (gentle) __ Ox (stubborn) __ Cat (sly) __ Shark (aggressive) 35. What type of dog best describes me (you): __ Chihuahua (hostile) __ St. Bernard (nurturing) __ Great Dane (authoritative) __ Pit bull (stubborn) 36. Which of these objects best describes me (you): __ Door (open to everyone) __ Tunnel (mysterious/intriguing) __ Window (transparent) __ Cave (secretive) 37. What color best describes me (you)? (CHECK ONE) __ Beige (boring/subdued) __ Blue (calm/collected/cool/emotional/moody/sensitive) __ Black (elusive/mysterious/devious/withdrawn) __ Brown (curious) __ Grey (boring/distant/mature) __ Green (down-to-earth/envious/materialistic/naive) __ Lavender (compromising/smoothing/unique) __ Pink (compulsive/energetic/happy/passive/patient/shy) __ Red (aggressive/bold/exuberant/lovable/outgoing) __ Purple (nervous/passive/pushover) __ Yellow (friendly/happy-go-lucky/outgoing/sociable) __ White (boring/fair/innocent/naive/pure/simple) 38. What type of rock best describes me (you): __ Obsidian (mocking) __ Pyrite (artificial) __ Pumice (transparent) __ Sandstone (fragile) __ Diamond (hard) __ Granite (cold) ============================================================================ RELATIONSHIP: ___ Acquaintance ___ Stranger ___ Family ___ Friend RACE: ___ African-American ___Caucasian ___ Hispanic/Latino ___ Asian ___Native American ___ Specify other (___________)