TITLE: Nomenclature Lab
THE GOAL OF THIS LAB IS TO PRACTICE CONVERTING CHEMICAL
FORMULAS INTO CHEMICAL NAMES FOR IONIC COMPOUNDS. THE
SECONDARY GOAL OF THIS LAB IS TO LEARN TO ASSOCIATE CERTAIN
COLORS WITH CERTAIN IONS. WE WILL ALSO USE THE SOLUBILITY
RULES TO MAKE PREDICTIONS ABOUT THE WATER SOLUBILITY OF
EACH COMPOUND.
PROCEDURE
1) THERE ARE 50 TEST TUBES CONTAINING IONIC COMPOUNDS. YOU
MAY BEGIN ANYWHERE, BUT YOUR FINAL REPORT WILL LIST THE
COMPOUNDS IN NUMERICAL ORDER. BE SURE TO RECORD THE COLOR
OF EACH COMPOUND , FEEL FREE TO BE CREATIVE.
2) WRITE THE NAME THAT GOES WITH EACH CHEMICAL FORMULA, AND
USE THE SOLUBILTY RULES BELOW TO PREDICT THE SOLUBILITY OF
EACH COMPOUND.
SOLUBILITY RULES
1. SALTS CONTAINING GROUP I ELEMENTS ARE SOLUBLE (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+,
Rb+). EXCEPTIONS TO THIS RULE ARE RARE. SALTS CONTAINING THE
AMMONIUM ION (NH4+) ARE ALSO SOLUBLE.
2. SALTS CONTAINING NITRATE ION (NO3-) ARE GENERALLY SOLUBLE.
3. SALTS CONTAINING Cl -, Br -, I - ARE GENERALLY SOLUBLE. IMPORTANT
EXCEPTIONS TO THIS RULE ARE HALIDE SALTS OF Ag+, Pb2+, AND (Hg2)2+.
THUS, AgCl, PbBr2, AND Hg2Cl2 ARE ALL INSOLUBLE.
4. MOST SILVER SALTS ARE INSOLUBLE. AgNO3 AND Ag(C2H3O2) ARE
COMMON SOLUBLE SALTS OF SILVER; VIRTUALLY ANYTHING ELSE IS
INSOLUBLE.
5. MOST SULFATE SALTS ARE SOLUBLE. IMPORTANT EXCEPTIONS TO THIS
RULE INCLUDE BaSO4, PbSO4, Ag2SO4, AND CaSO4.
6. MOST HYDROXIDE SALTS ARE ONLY SLIGHTLY SOLUBLE. HYDROXIDE
SALTS OF GROUP I ELEMENTS ARE SOLUBLE. HYDROXIDE SALTS OF
GROUP II ELEMENTS (Ca, Sr, AND Ba) ARE SLIGHTLY SOLUBLE. HYDROXIDE
SALTS OF TRANSITION METALS AND Al3+ ARE INSOLUBLE. THUS, Fe(OH)3,
Al(OH)3, Co(OH)2 ARE NOT SOLUBLE.
7. MOST SULFIDES OF TRANSITION METALS ARE HIGHLY INSOLUBLE.
THUS, CdS, FeS, ZnS, Ag2S ARE ALL INSOLUBLE. ARSENIC, ANTIMONY,
BISMUTH, AND LEAD SULFIDES ARE ALSO INSOLUBLE.
8. CARBONATES ARE FREQUENTLY INSOLUBLE. GROUP II CARBONATES
(Ca, Sr, and Ba) ARE INSOLUBLE. SOME OTHER INSOLUBLE CARBONATES
INCLUDE FeCO3 and PbCO3.
9. CHROMATES ARE FREQUENTLY INSOLUBLE. EXAMPLES: PbCrO4, BaCrO4
10. PHOSPHATES ARE FREQUENTLY INSOLUBLE. EXAMPLES: Ca3(PO4)2,
Ag2PO4
11. FLUORIDES ARE FREQUENTLY INSOLUBLE. EXAMPLES: BaF2, MgF2
PbF2.
NOMENCLATURE LAB REPORT SHEET
FORMULA
1) AlCl3
2) NH4NO3
3) (NH4)2Cr2O7
4) Ba(C2H3O2)2
5)BaCl2
6) Ba(NO3)2
7) CaCO3
8) Ca(OH)2
9) Ca(C2H3O2)2
10) Cr(C2H3O2)2
NAME
COLOR
SOLUBILITY
11) Co(NO3)2
12) CoCl2
13) CuCl
14) Cu2O
15) CuBr2
16) CuCl2
17) CuCO3
18) Cu(NO3)2
19) CuSO4
20) NiCO3
21) Ni(NO3)2
22) NiCl2
23)
Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2
24) FeSO4
25) FeCl3
26) Fe2(SO4)3
27) Fe(NO3)3
28) Fe2(C2O4)3
29) Fe2O3
30) Fe2S3
31) PbS
32) MgO
33) MgSO4
34) K2CrO4
35) LiCl
36) KBr
37) KCl
38) K3PO4
39) KMnO4
40) K2Cr2O7
41) Na2CO3
42) NaClO3
43) NaCl
44) Na2CrO4
45) Na2Cr2O7
46) NaHCO3
47)Na2C2O4
48) NaH2PO4
49) NaNO3
50) Zn(C2H3O2)2