Mohawk Valley Community College
Center for Life and Health Science
NU101
Nursing 1
Fundamentals of Nursing
Fall 2011
M. Lee Berg, MS, RNC-MNN
Instructor
Kathleen Capone, BS, RN
Instructor
Janet Fortnam MS, RN
Instructor
Susan Perry MS, RN
Assistant Nursing Professor
Debbie Schreppel MA, RN
Instructor
Revised 5/11
1
Course Number:
NU101
Course Title:
Fundamentals of Nursing
Course Credit and Hours:
6 Credits
3 Hours Theory per Week
6 Hours College/Clinical Practicum per Week
Placement in Curriculum:
Fall 2011 (Time Block: 15 Weeks)
Prerequisites:
An appropriate placement test result or
MA045 or 050; High School Chemistry with
Laboratory or its equivalent.
Corequisites:
NU111 Nursing Pharmacotherapeutics 1
BI106 Anatomy and Physiology 1
Course Description:
This course explores the art and science of nursing and provides the foundation for all subsequent
nursing courses. The physical, physiological, psychological, sociocultural, and spiritual needs of the
client are emphasized in the promotion of health and wellness. The roles and responsibilities of
nursing practice in contemporary society are explored. Basic concepts of Maslow's Hierarchy of
Needs theory, the nursing process, communication, critical thinking, leadership and management
principles, ethical and legal aspects, and scientific principles of nursing and nursing skills are
introduced. Clinical practicums are provided in a variety of healthcare facilities.
Disclaimer Statement:
The content of this syllabus is subject to change in the event of extenuating circumstances or at the
discretion of the course instructor.
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Student Learning Outcomes
p. 4
Disability Statement
Essential Functions
p. 5
Teaching Strategies
College and Clinical Practicum Policy
Academic Integrity Policy
Sustainability Statement
p. 6
Email Information
p. 7
Required Texts
Recommended Texts
p. 7
Required Materials
p. 8
Evaluation Methods
-Examinations/Grading Criteria
-Examination Policy
-Skill Competency assessment
-Clinical Evaluation
-Health Promotion/Wellness Poster Presentation
-Diversity and Global recommendation
pp. 9-10
Health Promotion/Wellness Poster Presentation Assignment
p. 11
Lecture and College/Clinical Practicum Assignments
pp. 12-16
Dates to Remember
p. 16
Exit Skill Competencies
p. 17
Appendix A Rounding rules
p. 18
3
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon successful completion the student will:
1. demonstrate caring behavior when interacting with clients, families, members of the
health care team, peers and faculty/staff.
2. identify the mechanisms related to stress and adaptation involved in maintaining
physiological and psychological homeostasis throughout the life cycle.
3. collect subjective and objective data that identifies client’s needs throughout the life cycle.
4. discuss the health/illness continuum as it relates to commonly recurring health problems.
5. demonstrate effective verbal, non-verbal and written communications related to the care
of clients.
6. recognize elements in the environment which impact the client’s health status.
7. implement therapeutic nursing interventions based on scientific principles.
8. apply ethical, legal and professional standards in nursing practice as identified in the
American Nurses Association Code of Ethics and the New York State Nurse Practice Act.
9. identify principles of growth, development and maturation.
10. apply the components of the nursing process utilizing Maslow’s Hierarchy of Basic Human
Needs Theory and critical thinking in client care situations throughout the life cycle.
11. identify the various leadership styles and management techniques used in health care
delivery.
12. describe the various roles of health care personnel within the health care delivery system.
13. identify the principles of teaching/learning in relation to the promotion of health.
14. develop a plan of care for selected clients utilizing Maslow’s Hierarchy of Basic Human
Needs.
15. incorporate the principles of pharmacotherapeutics in the safe administration of
medications.
16. demonstrate competency in client data collection, including: physical assessment, client and
family interview, record review and discussion with health care team members.
4
MVCC DISABILITY STATEMENT
The disabilities coordinators would appreciate hearing from anyone in the class who has any type of
disability (e.g., physical, learning, psychiatric, vision, hearing, etc.) which may require some special
accommodation. Before services can begin, you must contact the Coordinator of Disability
Services, 792-5413 (Voice or TTY), or Tamara Mariotti , Learning and Assistive Technology
Specialist, 731-5702; both are located in Room 153 of the Academic Building on the Utica Campus.
(For classes on the Rome Campus, PC A30, 334-7718). They are the staff members who review
your documentation, determine eligibility for accommodations, and help determine what those
accommodations will be.
Videos/DVDs will be shown in this class. Anyone with a hearing disability that will make it
difficult to hear what is being said on a video/DVD should discuss this with me during office hours.
MVCC ADN NURSING PROGRAM ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS
MVCC seeks to provide equal access to its programs, services and activities for people with disabilities. Therefore, the
College will make a reasonable accommodation for an applicant with a disability who is otherwise qualified.
The essential function of a student enrolled into the ADN program requires that the student, with or without reasonable
accommodations, must be able to:
1.
2.
demonstrate the ability to perform essential functions for a maximum of a 10 hour shift.
demonstrate the ability to protect a patient when the patient is standing and ambulating on all surfaces with or
without the use of assistive devices, including canes, crutches and walkers.
3. demonstrate the ability to safely move a patient over 100 pounds from one surface to another using the
appropriate level of help.
4. demonstrate safe body mechanics in the process of all patient treatments, including lifting and carrying small
equipment (under 50 pounds) and moving large equipment (over 50 pounds).
5. demonstrate the ability to manipulate dials on equipment.
6. demonstrate the ability to coordinate simultaneous motions.
7. demonstrate the ability to perform occasional overhead extension
8. demonstrate the ability to hear blood pressure, heart and lung sounds with or without corrective devices.
9. demonstrate the ability to palpate soft tissue including pulse, muscle and bones.
10. demonstrate the ability to perform nursing interventions such as sterile procedures, dressing changes and
administer medications (including dosage calculations when necessary) following infection control procedures.
11. display adaptability to change.
12. establish effective relations with others.
13. communicate effectively, safely and efficiently in English by:
a. explaining procedures.
b. receiving information from others.
c. receiving information from written documents.
d. exhibiting appropriate interpersonal skill (refer to ANA Code for Nurses).
e. analyzing and documenting assessment findings and interventions.
14. distinguish color changes.
15. detect an unsafe environment and carry out appropriate emergency procedures including:
a. detecting subtle environment changes and odors including, but not limited to, the smell of burning
electrical equipment, smoke and spills.
b. detect high and low frequency sounds, including but not limited to, alarms, bells, and emergency
signals.
These are the Essential Functions of the Health Services Department. If there are any reasons why you may not be able to
perform these functions with or without reasonable accommodations, you should notify the Department Head as soon as
possible.
5
Teaching Strategies
Lecture, discussion, critical thinking exercises, role play, demonstrations, return demonstrations,
technology, multimedia application, cases studies, analysis and scenarios, and on-line assignments.
College and Clinical Practicum Policy
See Handbook for MVCC Nursing Students.
Academic Integrity Policy
The College is committed to a spirit of intellectual inquiry rooted in the ethical behavior of its
participants. This means that certain acts which affect the integrity of learning are not permissible.
Engaging in dishonest or unethical behavior may result in disciplinary action taken against the student
by the instructor, department or other appropriate College official. The following are examples, but
not the full range of prohibited behavior in the classroom, studio, laboratory, library, computer labs,
internship sites or other college learning sites. Students are not permitted to:






Ask for, give or receive help during tests, examinations, or quizzes or other evaluations without
permission of the instructor;
Utilize books, papers, computer-based media or other materials and equipment during tests,
examinations, quizzes or other evaluations without permission of the instructor;
Engage in plagiarism by submitting or using as their own another person's research, oral, written or
computer-based work or creative work. All sources of material must be credited;
Use another person's data, solutions, ideas. computer account, or calculations without the appropriate
authorized permission;
Steal, mutilate, alter or deface library materials, computer-based media or other academic materials,
or;
Illegally copy materials (print, audiovisual or computer-based media) that are protected under
provisions of the copyright laws of the United States or foreign countries.
NOTE: MVCC complies with Federal regulations with regard to nondiscrimination and equal opportunities for
the person with disabilities. Portions of this policy will be waived to meet those regulations as stated in Section
504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973.
SUSTAINABILITY STATEMENT
Mohawk Valley Community College is committed to development and implementation of a comprehensive
sustainability plan. To that end, we are beginning by asking students, faculty, and staff to actively participate in energy
conservation measures and proper recycling on campus. The blue bins located in classrooms, and offices are for paper and
paper products only. All plastic, metal and glass containers should be placed in the proper recycling bins located in the
hallways. Please remember to empty them before depositing them. Any materials that cannot be recycled should be
placed in garbage cans. It is also important to turn off lights and computers when leaving a room. Together we can make
an impact on conserving our resources. Remember to reduce, reuse and recycle!
6
Email
The primary method of communication is transmitted through MVCC email. All students have email
accounts through MVCC. Please check email accounts frequently. To access email:
1. Go to www.mvcc.edu
2. Choose “email: Student Access” from drop down box
3. Log in
a. User Name: first initial, last name, day of your birth (ex. jjones17)
b. Password: last 4 digits of your social security number
REQUIRED TEXTS
1. Deglin, J.,Vallerand, A. & Sanoski, C. (2011). Davis’s drug guide for nurses + resource kit
CD-ROM (12th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis.
2. Doenges, L., Morehouse, M., & Murr, A. (2010). Handbook of nursing diagnosis:
Planning, individualizing, and documenting client care. (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F.A.
Davis.
3. Lynn, P. (2011). Taylor’s clinical nursing skills: A nursing process approach (3rd ed.).
Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins.
4. Saxton, D. (2008). Mosby's comprehensive review of nursing for NCLEX-RN
examination (19th ed.). St. Louis, MS: Mosby Elsevier.
5. Taylor, C., Lillis, C., Le Mone, P., & Lynn, P. (2011). Fundamentals of nursing: The art
and science of nursing care (7th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins.
6. Van Leeuwen, A., Poelhuis-Leth, D., &Bladh, M. (2011). Davis’s comprehensive
handbook of laboratory and diagnositc tests with nursing implications (4th ed.).
Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis.
7. Venes, D. (2011). Taber’s Cylclopedic medical dictionary (21st ed.). Philadelphia, PA:
F.A. Davis.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS
1. Gaglione, T., Zerwekh. J., Claborn, J. C., & Miller, C. J. (2005). Memory notebook of
nursing: Pharmacology & diagnostics. Ingram, TX: Nursing Education Consultants.
2. Zerwekh, J., Claborn, J. C., & Miller, C. J. (2008). Memory notebook of nursing: Volume I
(4th ed.). Ingram, TX: Nursing Education Consultants.
3. Zerwekh, J., Claborn, J. C., & Miller, C. J. (2007). Memory notebook of nursing: Volume II
(3rd ed.). Ingram, TX: Nursing Education Consultants.
7
REQUIRED MATERIALS
Students must purchase from the MVCC bookstore:



A simple calculator*
Green laboratory equipment bag from bookstore
Name tag
* Each of the Unit Exams will consist of Dosage Calculation/Medication Administration
questions. Students are only permitted to use the designated Nursing calculator for testing.
8
EVALUATION METHODS
Examinations
 All NU 101 examinations will have 50 Questions.
 Students will have 1 hour to complete each examination.
 All answers must be correctly entered on the Scantron or answer sheet provided or they will
not be applied towards the student’s grade.
 Any answer not correctly recorded according to test instructions will be marked as incorrect.
Exam I
Sept. 19/Sept. 16 (20%)
Includes Chapters 1-7
Exam II
Oct. 11/Oct. 7 (20%)
Includes Chapters 8-17
Exam III
Oct. 31/Oct. 28 (20%)
Includes Chapters 18-23, chapter 32 (p. 919-941), and chapter 33
Exam IV
Nov. 21/Nov. 18 (20%)
Includes Chapters 34-38
Final Exam
To be announced (finals week/Dec. 12-14) (20%)
Comprehensive final exam with greater emphasis
on chapters 41-46
Grades calculated based on the average of all exams (4 unit exams and final examination).
GRADING CRITERIA
A = 89.5-100
B = 79.5-89.4
C = 74.5-79.4
Passing is a minimum grade of 74.5
D = 64.5-74.4
F = less than 64.5
A minimum grade of “C” is required to pass NU 101 (Fundamentals of Nursing).
Examination Policy
See the MVCC Nursing Student Handbook
9
3.
Clinical Evaluation Pass/Fail
The student will receive a written Mid-Term Clinical Evaluation during the second week of
skills assessment. The grade for the mid-term clinical/college practicum is determined on the
basis of “Satisfactory/Needs Improvement/Unsatisfactory” reflecting the student’s
competencies related to the roles of the Associate Degree Nurse: Provider of Care,
Coordinator/Manager of Care, and Member within the Discipline of Nursing.
The student will receive a written Final Clinical Evaluation during the final week of clinical.
The student must obtain a “Satisfactory” on each of the Standards of Performance at the Final
Clinical Evaluation in order to successfully pass clinical. If the student fails clinical, they will
not be allowed to sit for the final examination.
4.
Health Promotion/Wellness Poster Presentation Pass/Fail
Poster presentation will be during the second week of skills assessment during the student’s
regular lab practicum. Utica classes will present in AB Lobby and Rome classes will present
in PC Atrium. Failure to complete the above project will result in a clinical failure. The
presentation is a pass/fail based upon completing all the criteria on the following page.
5.
Diversity and Global View Assignment
It is highly recommended that students complete 1 college approved DGV event and 1
Blackboard Tutorial during their first semester and continue to do 1 of each per semester to
work toward the college wide graduation requirements.
10
Health Promotion/Wellness Poster Presentation Assignment
1. Select a Health Promotion/Wellness topic to research and then present.
2. Obtain approval of the topic from your clinical instructor by week 3 of college/clinical
practicum.
Student will submit a one page description of poster by week 5 that includes:
 Rational for choosing topic
 Identified population
 6 risk factors
 Interventions/prevention strategies
 Brief explanation of what you hope to accomplish with this poster presentation
3. The poster will meet the following criteria:
.
 Topic should be relevant to today’s health concerns
 Relate chosen topic to a specific target population
 Target population must be relevant to the local population
 Target population may be specified based on: age, gender, socio-economic level,
ethnicity, and/or cultural characteristics, or at risk populations
 Discuss at least 6 risk factors in the target population
 Risk factors must be identified as modifiable and non-modifiable
 Identify appropriate intervention/prevention strategies that apply to target group and the
risk factors
 Describe barriers to treatment/interventions
4. The poster will be presented to the MVCC faculty/staff/student population.
Dress code during presentation: No jeans or sneakers, business casual dress, lab coat with
identification
5. All references used will be cited using APA (6th edition).
6. A minimum of 3 references must be used (1 must be from a professional journal).
7. Poster will be presented on______________. Utica classes will present in AB Lobby/Payne
Hall Lobby; Rome classes in PC Atrium.
8. Failure to submit the Health Promotion/Wellness Poster will result in a failure in
clinical.
11
LECTURE AND COLLEGE/CLINICAL PRACTICUM ASSIGNMENTS
Unit
Unit I
Date
Mon Aug. 22 /
Fri. Aug. 26
Week 1
Aug. 23– Aug. 27
Unit I
Mon. Aug. 29
Fri. Sept. 2
Week 2
Aug. 3o-Sept.3
12
Topic
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 1
 Chapter 2
 Chapter 3
Preparation
Read:
Intro to Nursing
Cultural Diversity
Health and Illness

College/Clinical Practicum
 Overview of Skills Necessary for Safe
Practice
 Body Alignment
 Protective Positioning
 Ambulation
 Transfer
 Application of Restraints
 Activities of Daily Living
 Environmental Comfort/Safety
 Hygiene
 Nursing Skills Related to
Oxygenation
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 4 Health of the individual,
family and Community
 Chapter 5 Theory, Research,
Evidenced Based Practice
Read:

College/Clinical Practicum
 Overview of Health Assessment
 Assessment of Vital Signs and
Obtaining Client’s Height & Weight
 Modified Physical Assessment
 Health/Nursing History
 Application of Reporting and
Documentation
Read:
Taylor
Chapters 1-3
Taylor
Ch 25 (p567) 26, 37, 39
 Lynn
Chapters 3, 6 & 7
Skills 9-1 to 9-12;
10-1; 10-2;
12-1 to 12-4;
14-1-14-5; 17-1
Read:

Taylor
Chapters 4-5

Taylor
Chapters 12,17,24,25

Lynn
Chapters 1&2
Unit
Unit I
Date
Mon. Sept. 12
Fri. Sept. 9
Topic
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 6 Values, Ethics
 Chapter 7 Legal Implications of
Nursing
Sept. 6-Sept. 10
College/Clinical Practicum
 Asepsis Principles
 Standard & Transmission Based
Precautions
 Sterile Gloves & Simple Dressing
 Monitor Fluid Intake and Output
Monitor IV Therapy
((Preparation/Delivery)
 Nursing Skills Related to Urinary
Elimination: Obtaining Specimens,
Catherization, and Monitoring
Urinary Drainage Systems
 Catherization and Monitoring
Urinary drainage systems
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 8 Healthcare Delivery
Systems
 Chapter 9 Continuity of Care
 Chapter 10 Home Health Care
Week 3
Unit II
Mon. Sept. 19
Fri. Sept. 16
Week 4
Exam 1
Covers
Chapters
1-7
Sept. 13-17
13
College/Clinical Practicum
 Medication Administration
Preparation
Read:
 Taylor
Ch 6-7

Read: Taylor
Chapters 27, 23,32
 Lynn
Chapter 4
Skills 4-1 to 4-7
8-1 to 8-6
8-14 to 8-17
12-5 to 12-10;
& 18-4 to 18-6
Read:
 Taylor
Chapters 8-10
 Read: Taylor
Chapters 28 &29
 Lynn
Skills 5-1 to 5-8;
5-15 to 5-25; 18-3
Unit
Unit III
Date
Mon. Sept. 26
Fri. Sept. 23
Topic
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 11 Blended Skills &
Critical Thinking Throughout the
Nursing Process
 Chapter 12 Assessing
 Chapter 13 Diagnosing
 Chapter 14 Outcome Identification
and Planning
Sept. 20- Sept. 24
College/Clinical Practicum
 Monitor Nutritional Status.
 Monitor nutrition through a feeding
tube (nasogastric tube) and
percutaneous endoscopic
gastrostomy (PEG) tube
 Nursing Skills Related to Bowel
Elimination: Fecal Elimination,
Enemas/Obtaining
Specimens/Insertion of Rectal
Tube/Impaction Check (pp146-149)
Monitoring IV fluids
Week 5
Unit III
Mon. Oct. 3
Fri. Sept. 30
Lecture
Taylor
THE NURSING PROCESS cont.
 Chapter 15 Implementing
 Chapter 16 Evaluating
 Chapter 17 Documenting,
Reporting and Conferring
Sept. 27- Oct. 1
College/Clinical Practicum
Skills Demonstrations / Posters
 Catheterization
 IM & Sub-cut
 Modified physical Assessment
 Monitoring IV fluids
Week 6
14
Preparation
Read:

Taylor
Chapters 11- 14
Read:


Taylor
Ch. 36 & 38
Ch 40 pp 1425-1427
Lynn
11-1; 11-3; 11-6;
13-1 to 13-3;13-6
18-1; & 18-2
15-2 to 15-5
Read:
 Taylor
Ch. 15-17
Wear Full Uniform and ID
Unit IV
Tues. Oct. 11
Fri. Oct. 7
Week 7
Un
Exam 2
Covers
chapters
8-17
Oct. 04- Oct. 08
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 18 Developmental Concepts
 Chapter 19 Conception through
Young Adult
 Chapter 20 The Aging Adult
College/Clinical Practicum
Skills Demonstrations continue
Mid-term Clinical Evaluation
15
Read:
 Taylor Ch. 18-20
Wear Full Uniform and ID
Unit
Unit V
Date
Mon. Oct.17
Fri. Oct.14
Topic
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 21 Communicator
 Chapter 22 Teacher and Counselor
 Chapter 23 Nurse Leader and
Manager
Oct. 12- Oct. 15
College/Clinical Practicum
Week 1 of Clinical- Orientation
Week 8
Unit VII
Mon. Oct. 24
Fri, Oct. 21
Week 9
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 32 Skin integrity
 Chapter 33 Activity
Preparation
Read:

Taylor
Chapters 21-23
At Healthcare Facility assigned
Read:
 Taylor
Chapter32 p. 919-941
Chapter 33
Oct. 18-Oct. 22
College/Clinical Practicum
Week 2 of Clinical- Patient Care
Unit VII
Mon. Oct. 31
Fri. Oct. 28
Week 10
Exam 3
Covers
Chapters
18-23,
Ch. 32
(p. 919941)
and ch. 33
Unit VII
Oct. 25 – Oct. 29
College/Clinical Practicum
Week 3 of Clinical- Patient Care
Mon. Nov. 7
Fri. Nov. 4
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 36 Nutrition
 Chapter 37 Urinary Elimination
Nov. 1 – Nov. 5
College/Clinical Practicum
Week 4 of Clinical- Patient Care
Week 11
16
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 34 Rest and Sleep
 Chapter 35 Comfort
At Healthcare Facility assigned
Read:

Taylor
Chapters 34-35
At Healthcare Facility assigned
Read:

Taylor
Chapters 36-37
At Healthcare Facility assigned
Unit
VII&
part of
VIII
Date
Mon. Nov. 14
Fri. Nov. 11
Topic
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 38 Bowel Elimination
 Chapter 39 Oxygenation
Nov. 8– Nov. 12
College/Clinical Practicum
Week 5 of Clinical- Patient Care
Preparation
Read:

Taylor
Chapters 38-39
Week 12
VIII
Mon. Nov. 21
Fri. Nov. 18
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 41 Self Concept
 Chapter 42 Stress and Adaptation
Read:
Nov. 16 –Nov. 19
College/Clinical Practicum
Week 6 of Clinical-Patient Care
At Healthcare Facility assigned
Mon. Nov. 28
Fri. Dec. 2
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 43 Loss, Grief and Dying
 Chapter 44 Sensory Function
Read:
Week 13
Exam 4
Covers
Chapters
34-39
VIII
Week 15
VIII
Week 16
Finals
Week
Nov. 22 clinical
(Nov. 23-26 off)
Nov. 29- Dec.3
clinical
Mon. Dec. 5
Fri. Dec. 9
TBA
College/Clinical Practicum
Week 7 of Clinical- Patient Care
Lecture
Taylor
 Chapter 45 Sexuality
 Chapter 46 Spirituality
Final Exam
Comprehensive final with greater emphasis on
Chapters 41-46
Dates to Remember:
September 5 (Labor Day): No classes
October 10 (Columbus Day): No classes
November 23-27 (Thanksgiving): No classes
December 09: Last day of instruction
17
Healthcare Facility assigned

Taylor
Chapter 41-42
 Taylor
Chapters 43-44
At Healthcare Facility assigned
Final Clinical Evaluations
Read

Taylor
Chapters 45-46
Review and Study Appropriately
Week 7:
Tues October 11: is a Monday Schedule
Wednesday October 12: is a Wednesday schedule
Thursday October 13: is a Thursday schedule
Friday October 14: is a Friday schedule
Saturday October 15: is a Saturday schedule
EXIT SKILL COMPETENCIES FOR NU 101
The following skills are identified as the exit skill competencies for NU 101.
Upon successful completion of this course, the student will:
1. apply the principles of standard and transmission-based precautions
2. apply principles of medical asepsis
3. apply principles of surgical asepsis
a. don sterile gloves
b. apply dry sterile dressing
4. perform a nursing history
5. demonstrate modified physical assessment
6. perform documentation/reporting
7. demonstrate proper body mechanics/body alignment principles
8. demonstrate dosage calculation/medication administration
a. oral
b. topical (eyes, ears, nose, dermal)
c. inhalant
d. injections (intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular)
e. suppositories (vaginal, rectal)
f. Enteral
9. demonstrate maintenance of IV therapy
a. preparation
b. delivery
c. monitoring
10. demonstrate urinary elimination procedures
a. assists with toileting (toilet, commode, urinal, bedpan)
b. performs catheterization
c. obtains specimens
d. monitors urinary drainage devices
11. calculate intake and output
12. demonstrate bowel elimination procedures
a. rectal tube insertion
b. enemas
c. fecal disimpaction
d. obtain specimens
13. demonstrate/monitor oxygen delivery
a. delivery devices (nasal cannula, simple mask)
b. performs pulse oximetry
14. apply/monitor restraints
15. monitor nutritional status
a. assists with eating
b. provides nutrition in special situations
c. enteral nutrition
16. manage care for one client
17. utilize teaching/learning principles to provide health information
18. comply with overriding principles of care
18
Appendix A: Rounding Rules for Dosage Calculation, IV Infusion
Whole Numbers:
Dosages in whole numbers should never be followed with a decimal point and zero.
Example:
4 mg PO (Correct)
4.0 mg PO (Incorrect)
Basic Rounding: Decimals
Remember:
Rounding to the nearest tenth:
Round at the end of the
If the last digit is equal to or > 5 round up. Ex: 1.57 mL= 1.6mL
problem.
If the last digit is < 5 round down.
Ex: 1.54 mL= 1.5mL
The exception to this rule is when
Rounding to the nearest hundredth:
you are converting pounds to kg.
If the last digit is equal to or > 5 round up. Ex: 0.686mL=0.69mL
Always convert to kilograms first
If the last digit is < 5 round down.
Ex: 0.543mL = 0.54mL
then complete calculation.
Converting pounds to kilograms:
Round to the nearest 10th
1 kg = 2.2 pounds
Example: 120 pounds = 54.54 kg = 54.5 kg
Dosage Less than 1 mL
Milliliters:
Dosage Less than 1 mL
Drops (gtt) and Units:
Drops and units are too small to
divide into parts. Always round to
the nearest whole number.
Example: 89.5 = 90
89.4 = 89
Greater than 1 mL
Calculate to three places
If dosage calculation is in the
If the answer is > 1mL round
then round to the 100th
10th place you must proceed the
to the nearest 10th.
and place a zero in front of
decimal with a zero.
the decimal.
Ex: 1.57 = 1.6 mL
Ex: .4 mL= 0.4 mL
Ex: 0.376 = 0.38 mL
.8 mL = 0.8 mL
Ex: 0.563 = 0.56 mL
Tablets:
Tablets, as a rule, can be given whole or broken into halves, if scored.
Converting Apothecary to Metric:
Conversion not always equal from grains to milligrams. Grains1 = 60-65mg
Ex:
ASA gr V = ASA 325 mg
Phenobarbital gr ½ = Phenobarbital 30 mg
Nitroglycerine gr 1/200 = Nitroglycerine 0.3 mg (60 divided by 200)
IV Calculations:
Intravenous infusions are calculated in drops per minute (gtt/min) for gravity flow and
milliliters per hour (mL/h) via infusion pump.
Ex: gravity flow – round to nearest whole number. (Formula: Volume of solution X Drop Factor of
tubing divided by time in minutes.) 100 mL X 20 gtts divided by 60 minutes =33.33 = 33 gtt/minute
Ex: IV pump – round to the nearest whole number. 1000 mL to infuse over 12 hrs. 1000 divided by
12 = 83.33 = 83 mL/hour
5/2010
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