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Guided Reading Chapter 22 - Campbell Biology and Holtzclaw study guide
1. What is evolution? Give both definitions in your own words
2. Compare the pattern of evolution with the process of evolution
3. Detail the impact/position/contribution to evolutionary theory
a. Aristotle
b. Linnaeus
c. Cuvier
d. Lyell
e. Hutton
f.
Lamarck
g. Malthus (pg 459)
4. How does Lamark’s view of the mechanisms of evolution differ from Darwin’s? What do they have in
common?
5. What did Lamark mean by ‘use’ and ‘disuse’? Where his ideas legitimate? Why or why not?
6. What ideas from geology are important to Darwin’s Hypothesis? Why are they important?
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7. Define the following terms:
a. Natural selection
b. Catastrophism
c. Uniformitarianism
d. Natural selection
e. Adaptation
f.
Taxonomy
g. Artificial selection
h. convergent evolution
i.
biogeography
j.
endemic
8. How does catastrophism relate to the ideas of gradualism?
9. How did the Voyage of the Beagle impact Darwin’s research?
10. What mechanism did Darwin suggest for natural selection?
11. What part did adaptation play in Darwin’s thinking?
12. Explain this in relation to natural selection. Use an example from the text to explain.
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13. What did Darwin mean by descent with modification?
14. How did the concept of artificial selection impact Darwin’s ideas?
15. What three word phrase summarizes Darwin’s mechanism of evolution?
16. What are the 4 major points of Darwin’s theory of natural selection?
a.
b.
c.
d.
17. How do heritable traits relate to environmental challenges and fitness? Explain.
18. Do heritable traits occur quickly or slowly due to artificial and natural selection? Explain.
22.3
19. What are the 4 types of evidence for evolution
a.
b.
c.
d.
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20. Explain the evolution of Drug Resistance in bacteria in terms of natural selection. Use MSRA as en example.
Be sure to include penicillin, how the resistant strains emerged, effects of the drug and natural selection in
your response.
21. Define the following terms and give an example of each
a. Homologous structures
b. Vestigial structures
c. Analogous structures
22. What is the difference between homologous and analogous structures?
23. What type of evolution leads to analogous structures? Explain what this type of evolution is
24. What is biogeography and why is it important to the study of evolution?
25. How do the fossil record and sedimentary rock provide evidence to evolution?
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