LESSON PLAN
School
: State Senior High School
The Lesson
: Chemistry
Subject
: Carbon Atom and Hydrocarbon
Grade/ semester
: X/ 2
Time Allocation
: 8×45 minutes
Standard of Competence
:
Understanding the properties of organic compound based on its structure and
macromolecules compound.
Basic Competency
:
Classifying the hydrocarbon compound based of it structure and the relation with
compound properties.
Teaching Objectives

:
Students are able to classify the hydrocarbon compounds based on saturation
binding

Students are able to write the nomenclature of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes

Students are able to write the chemical formula of some hydrocarbon compound
that the nomenclature is known.

Students are able to explain the relation of hydrocarbon compounds boiling point
with a molecular weight (Mr) and structure.

Students are able to explain the relation of hydrocarbon state and the amount of C
atoms

Students are able to explain the isomer in the carbon compound

Students are able to determine the isomer structure (order, position) and geometric
isomers (cis - trans)

Students are able to explain the kinds of carbon compound reaction (addition
reaction, substitution, and elimination)

Students are able to write a simple reaction to the compound alkanes, alkenes and
alkynes (addition reactions, substitution and elimination)
Indicator

:
Students are able to classify the hydrocarbon compounds based on saturation
binding

Students are able to write the nomenclature of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes

Students are able to write the chemical formula of some hydrocarbon compound
that the nomenclature is known.

Students are able to explain the relation of hydrocarbon compounds boiling point
with a molecular weight (Mr) and structure.

Students are able to explain the relation of hydrocarbon state and the amount of C
atoms

Students are able to explain the isomer in the carbon compound

Students are able to determine the isomer structure (order, position) and geometric
isomers (cis - trans)

Students are able to explain the kinds of carbon compound reaction (addition
reaction, substitution, and elimination)

Students are able to write a simple reaction to the compound alkanes, alkenes and
alkynes (addition reactions, substitution and elimination)
Teaching Method
:

Lecturing

Giving Worksheet

Question Answer Methode

Discussion
Media components
:
Notebook, LCD, Whiteboard, Worksheet.
Learning materials
:
Classify hydrocarbon compounds
Based on the bond that happens there are several kinds of hydrocarbon compounds
are: the single bonds alkanes, alkenes have one double bond and alkynes has one triple
bond

Alkanes
General formula: C n H 2n + 2
Nomenclature
: no. branch – the name of branch – the name of the main chain

Alkene
General formula: C n H 2n
Nomenclature
: no. branch – the name of branch – no. of double bond – the
name of main chain ended by ena

Alkyne
General formula: C n H 2n – 2
Nomenclature: alkyne just same with the name of alkene, but the main chain is ended
by una
Physical properties of Hydrocarbon Compounds
 The boiling point of hydrocarbons is influenced by relative molecule mass
The bigger Mr value, make the boiling point of alkane is bigger too.
Example:
The boiling point of CH4 (methane) is – 164 0C and the boiling point of C2H6
(ethane) is – 89 0C.
 The boiling point of hydrocarbon compounds is influenced by its structural from the
less total amount of branched-chain make the boiling point of alkane is higher.
Example:
Boiling point of n-pentane (C5H12) is 36 0C and boiling point of 1-methylbutane
(C5H12) is 28 0C
 The Amount of C atoms connect with the hydrocarbon compounds state
Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes compound with small molecular mass have gas state
in room temperature, while other have liquid or solid state.
Isomers
Isomers are compounds - compounds that same molecular formula, structural
formula is different
Types of isomers:
 Frame Isomers
Frame compound is groups of compounds with the same Mr, but with different
carbon frame.
Example:
n-butane with 2-methyl propane
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
CH3 – CH – CH3
n-butane
CH3
2-methylpropane
 Position isomer
Position isomer is compounds of isomer that is triggered by the difference of double
or triple bond position in carbon chain
Example:
1-pentene with 2-pentene
CH2 = CH – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
CH3 – CH = CH – CH2 – CH3
1-pentene
2-pentene
 Geometric isomers (cis - trans)
Geometrical isomer is compounds of isomer that is triggered by the difference of
geometric position of a cluster attached to double-chained C atom.
Reaction of Carbon Compounds
Reactions of carbon compounds there are several kinds of addition reactions,
substitution and elimination
Types of Reaction
Explanation
Substitution
The reaction of changing one
reaction
atom with another
Addition reaction
The reaction of double bond
breaking
or
Illustartion
A + BC  AB + C
C=C+A–BC–C
molecule
A
B
combining
Elimination
The dissociation reaction of
C–CC=C+A–B
reaction
compounds, or the forming
A
B
reaction of double bond (the
reverse of addition reaction)
Teaching and Learning Steps
1st meeting
Opening ( 5 minutes)
No. Activities
Teacher’s Language
1.
Greeting
Good morning, class.
2.
Asking for student’s condition
How are you today?
3.
Leading a prayer
Before we start our lesson today, let’s pray
together. Prayer, do. … Thank you.
4.
Checking attendance
Who is absent today?
5.
Apperception
Do you know how typical of carbon atom?
Main activities ( 83 minutes)
No. Activities
Teacher’s Language
1.
To know more thing about it please form the
Exploration
Teacher ask student to form the group of ... students. Each group discuss
group and each group discuss different topic:
different topic
1. the nomenclature of alkane compound and
its properties
2. the nomenclature of alkene compound and
its properties
3. the nomenclature of alkyne compound and
its properties
2.
Teacher ask students to present Please one group present the result...
the result to the class.
3.
Elaboration
Ok who will give the question to your friend...
Teacher and student discuss
about it, and some student can
give the question to group that
present.
And
clarification
teacher
about
give
it
if
necessary.
4.
Teacher give a chance to other Next group, please...
group and discuss the topic.
5.
Confirmation
Teacher
gives
There is something or matter that still make
a
short you confuse?
explanation if necessary.
Closing ( 5 minutes)
No. Activities
Teacher’s Language
1.
That’s all the time we have for today. Please,
Propose the next topic
read the next matter.
2.
Leave Taking
See you later.
2nd meeting
Opening ( 5 minutes)
No. Activities
Teacher’s Language
1.
Greeting
Good morning, class.
2.
Asking for student’s condition
How are you today?
3.
Leading a prayer
Before we start our lesson today, let’s pray
together. Prayer, do. … Thank you.
4.
Checking attendance
Who is absent today?
5.
Apperception
Oke, lets review the last matter, what is the
chemical formula of methane and butane? are
those
compounds
have
same
physical
properties?
Main activities ( 83 minutes)
No. Activities
Teacher’s Language
1.
To know more thing about it please form the
Exploration
Teacher ask student to form the group of ... students. Each group discuss
group and each group discuss different topic:
different topic
1.
the influence of Mr to boiling point of
carbon compounds
2.
the influence of structural form to boiling
point of carbon compounds
3.
the connection of hydrocarbon compounds
with the amount of C atoms
Teacher ask students to present Please one group present the result...
the result to the class.
2.
Elaboration
Ok who will give the question to your friend...
Teacher and student discuss
about it, and some student can
give the question to group that
present.
And
clarification
teacher
about
give
it
if
necessary.
Teacher give a chance to other Next group, please...
group and discuss the topic.
3.
Confirmation
Teacher
gives
There is something or matter that still make
a
short you confuse?
explanation if necessary.
Closing ( 5 minutes)
No. Activities
Teacher’s Language
1.
That’s all the time we have for today. Please,
Propose the next topic
read the next matter.
2.
Leave Taking
See you later.
3rd meeting
Opening ( 5 minutes)
No. Activities
Teacher’s Language
1.
Greeting
Good morning, class.
2.
Asking for student’s condition
How are you today?
3.
Leading a prayer
Before we start our lesson today, let’s pray
together. Prayer, do. … Thank you.
4.
Checking attendance
Who is absent today?
5.
Apperception
Oke, lets review the last matter, Write the
structure formula of n-butane and 2-methyl
propane! Is there any similarity of those
compounds?
Main activities ( 83 minutes)
No. Activities
Teacher’s Language
1.
Okke, we will study about the isomer in
Exploration
Teacher explains about the alkane....
isomer in alkane, alkene, and
alkyne compounds.
2.
Elaboration
I have the exercise for you, please doit...
Teacher ask student to do the
exercise.
3.
Confirmation
Please, someone of you share the answer to the
Teacher ask student to share class..
the answer to the class and give
clarification.
Closing ( 5 minutes)
No. Activities
Teacher’s Language
1.
That’s all the time we have for today. Please,
Propose the next topic
read the next matter.
2.
Leave Taking
See you later.
4th meeting
Opening ( 5 minutes)
No. Activities
Teacher’s Language
1.
Good morning, class.
Greeting
2.
Asking for student’s condition
How are you today?
3.
Leading a prayer
Before we start our lesson today, let’s pray
together. Prayer, do. … Thank you.
4.
Checking attendance
Who is absent today?
5.
Apperception
Who can tell me what will be happened if a
hydrocarbon compound burned? Yes you right
it produce CO2 and H2O. Its not the only one of
kinds the reaction in hydrocarbon compound.
You will study it now.
Core activities ( 83 minutes)
No. Activities
Teacher’s Language
1.
Okke, we will study about this reaction...
Exploration
Teacher
explains
about
substitution, elimination, and
addition reaction and gives its
example.
2.
Elaboration
I have the exercise for you, please form the
Teacher ask student to do the group of ... students and do it.
exercise in group.
3.
Confirmation
Please, someone of you share the answer to the
Teacher ask student to share class..
the answer to the class and give
clarification.
Closing ( 5 minutes)
No. Activities
Teacher’s Language
1.
That’s all the time we have for today. Please,
Propose the next topic
read the next matter.
2.
Leave Taking
See you later.
Learning Source
Justiana, Sandri and Muchtaridi. 2009. Chemistry for Senior High School 1 Year X.
Jakarta: Yudhistira.
Purba, Michael. 2007. Kimia untuk SMA Kelas X Semester 1. Jakarta: Penerbit
Erlangga.
Sunardi. 2007. Kimia Bilingual Untuk SMA/ MA Kelas X Semester 1 dan 2. Jakarta:
Yrama Widya.
Assessment
Cognitive
:
: The result of exercise.
Psycomotoric (enclosure)
Affective
: Attendance
Evaluation
Exercise
1st Meeting:
1. Define the name of this following alkanes:
a.
H H
H H
H H
H–C–C–C–C–C–C–H
H H
b.
H H
H CH3 H H
H H
H
H–C–C–C–C–C–H
H H
c C2H5 H
H H
H
H CH3 H H
H
H–C–C–C–C–C–C–C–H
H H
H H
H H
H
2. Show the structure of this following hydrocarbon:
a.
n-pentane
b.
3-ethylhexane
c.
2-methylpropane
d.
2,2,3-trimethyloctane
e.
2-ethyl-4,7-dimethyldecane
3. Define the name of this following alkenes:
a. CH3 – CH2 – CH = CH2
b. CH3 – CH = CH – CH3
c.
C2H5
CH3 – CH – CH = CH – CH2 – CH– H
C2H5
4. Show the structure of this following hydrocarbon:
a. 3-methylpropene
b. 2-butene
c. 2-methyl-2-pentene
d. 2,3,4-trimethyl-2-heptene
e. 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-4-decene
5. Define the name of these following alkynes:
a. CH3 – C ≡ C – CH3
b. CH ≡ C – CH2 – C ≡ CH
c. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – C ≡ C – CH3
d. CH3 – C ≡ C – CH2 – C ≡ C – CH – CH3
CH3
6. Show the structure of this following hydrocarbon:
a. 1-pentyne
b. 2-methylbutyn
c. 3-methylpentyne
d. 1,3-pentadynes
2nd Meeting:
Predict and put in order the boiling point of these hydrocarbons:
a. n-hexane
b. 2-methylhexane
c. n-pentane
d. 2,3-dimethylbutane
Explain your answer!
3rd Meeting
1. Compound that belongs to n-butane isomer is …
a. 3-methylpropane
b. 2-methylpropane
c. 2,2-dimethylbutane
d. 2-methylbutane
e. 3-methylbutane
2. Define the frame, position, and geometrical isomer of C8H16!
3. Define the frame and position isomer of C8H14!
4th Meeting
Complete the following chemical reaction:
1. C2H6 + O2 
2. C3H8 + Cl2 
3. CH2 = CH2 + HCl 
4. CH2 = CH2 + Br2 
Psycomotoric
Perception sheet of students in group
No
Name
Discussion
activity in class
Cooperation in
group
Paticipation
in group
Average
Perception sheet of students
No
Name
Assessment scale:
1
: Very less
2
: Less
3
: Enough
4
: Good
5
: Very good
Participation
Having a
notion
Asking
Correct
reactions
Average