Chapter 3: Biological Foundations of Behavior
_____ 1.
In the nervous system, neurotransmitters are stored in the neuron’s dendrites. Page: 70
_____ 2.
Axons are small branches of a neuron that extend out from the cell body. Page: 70
_____ 3.
The small space between two neurons is called the synaptic gap. Page: 73
_____ 4.
A co-worker has recently been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. She appears to be still functioning
normally at this time, but as the disease causes scar tissue to overtake the myelin sheath, it will slow
the transmission of nerve impulses. Page: 70
_____ 5.
Kathy has some nerve damage, but her central nervous system is intact. She has some muscular
weakness and incoordination. The damage must be in her peripheral nervous system. Page: 69
_____ 6.
If Kathy’s nerve damage (#5) were in her peripheral nervous system, and you have to decide in which
part of the PNS the damage is located, you would say the autonomic nervous system. Page: 69
_____ 7.
Peter has left-sided chest pain that radiates to his shoulder. He thinks, “Oh my gosh, I’m having a
heart attack!” His anxiety raises his heart rate and causes him to break a sweat, and he is afraid these
are more signs of an attack. He goes to the hospital and the doctor informs him that his heart is fine,
and that his pains were caused by gas trapped in his colon. He is greatly relieved at this news, and he
calms down; his heart rate returns to normal and his temperature cools. Peter’s first reaction (to the
pain) was initiated by his parasympathetic nervous system, while his second reaction (to the doctor’s
diagnosis) came from his sympathetic nervous system. Page: 69
_____ 8.
In Peter’s example (#7), his parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system were involved
in producing his physiological responses. These are both parts of the autonomic nervous system.
Page: 69
_____ 9.
A patient with forebrain damage has problems with awareness and expression of emotions, and also
with consciously remembering events that have occurred since the injury. You deduce that the parts of
the forebrain where the damage was sustained are in the limbic system. Page: 82
_____ 10.
Somebody with recent neurological trauma who can still speak fluently, but has difficulty
understanding what others say, most likely has damage to Wernicke’s area. Page: 87
_____ 11.
If you were displaying symptoms a doctor suspected were neurological in origin, and the doctor said
she wanted to do some diagnostic Brain Imaging, one technique she might order would be an
electroencephalograph. Page: 77
_____ 12.
You know a married couple, Ray and Deborah. Ray is very analytical in his thinking and tends to “get
right to the point.” He is used to mainly doing his job all day, and watching TV sports or socializing
with buddies when he is done. Deborah’s thinking tends to be more relational, and she makes more
associations on her way to a conclusion. She is used to juggling the demands of four kids, managing
the household, being on the PTA, and dealing with her mother-in-law. A neuropsychology professor
has told you that as a group, women tend to have a larger and more developed corpus callosum than
men. Knowing that this structure connects the two hemispheres of the brain, you hypothesize that Ray
and Deborah’s different styles of mental processing could be explained in that Ray is doing more
processing in his left hemisphere, while Deborah is more often using both hemispheres, and/or
relaying more information back and forth between the two sides, in her mental processing. Page: 87
_____ 13.
If you were dissecting a cadaver brain and wanted to locate the nucleus of a neuron, you would look in
the axon. Page: 70
_____ 14.
Your friend was in an accident causing head trauma. She can remember everything up until the
accident, but since it happened, she cannot retain any new memories. She probably has damage to her
hypothalamus. Page: 82
_____ 15.
Your dog suddenly starts trying to mate with the sofa, which he has never done before. Your
veterinarian finds via diagnostic imaging that he has a lesion to his amygdala. Page: 82