Approved by University Studies sub-committee April 5, 2006. A2C2 action pendiing
Department of Engineering
Composite Materials Engineering Program
The following four engineering courses are required courses in the Composite Materials Engineering
(CME) curriculum. These courses, taken as a sequence, collectively satisfy the writing flag requirements
of six credits. All courses in the sequence should be completed to receive full credit in the University
Studies requirement. This statement is clearly indicated in the catalog and is emphasized in the syllabi of
the courses.
The approximate contribution of each course towards the writing flag requirement is indicated in the
following table:
Table 1. Course Contribution to Writing Flag Credits
Course
Total Credit
ENGR 285 Properties of Materials
4
ENGR 394 Polymer Science and
3
Engineering
ENGR 451 Transport Phenomena Lab
1
ENGR 452 Mechanical Characterization 2
Lab
Total
10
Writing Flag Credit
1.5
1.5
1
2
6 Credits
No Writing Flag credit will be received for these courses taken separately. The first two courses are new
courses that replace two old (dropped) courses in the sequence. The last two courses ENGR 451 and 452
are existing courses which have been approved before. The proposals for all four courses are included.
WINONA STATE UNIVERSITY
PROPOSAL FOR UNIVERSITY STUDIES COURSES
Department ____Engineering_________________________
Date _______02/15/06_______
___ENGR 285___________
Course No.
__Properties of Materials____________________________
Course Name
This proposal is for a(n)
___X__ Undergraduate Course
Applies to: __X___ Major
__X_ Required
_____ Elective
______ Minor
_____ Required
_____ Elective
University Studies (A course may be approved to satisfy only one set of outcomes.):
Course Requirements:
Basic Skills:
Arts & Science Core:
_____ 1. College Reading and Writing
_____ 2. Oral Communication
_____ 3. Mathematics
_____ 4. Physical Development & Wellness
Flagged Courses:
_______4_____
Credits
_____ 1. Humanities
_____ 2. Natural Science
_____ 3. Social Science
_____ 4. Fine & Performing Arts
Unity and Diversity:
_____ 1. Critical Analysis
_____ 2. Science and Social Policy
_____ 3. a. Global Perspectives
_____ b. Multicultural Perspectives
_____ 4. a. Contemporary Citizenship
_____ b. Democratic Institutions
__X__ 1. Writing
_____ 2. Oral Communication
_____ 3. a. Mathematics/Statistics
_____ b. Critical Analysis
Prerequisites __ENG 111, CHEM 213, ENGR 260___________________________________________________________
Provide the following information (attach materials to this proposal):
Please see “Directions for the Department” on previous page for material to be submitted.
Attach a University Studies Approval Form.
Department Contact Person for this Proposal:
____Maryam Grami_____________________________ __457-5348____
Name (please print)
Phone
__maryam@winona.edu______
e-mail address
[Revised 9-05]
University Studies Course Approval
Department or Program: Engineering
Course Number: ENGR 285
Course Title: Properties of Materials
Number of Credits: 4
Catalog Description: (4 S.H.) A lecture-laboratory course. Introduction to structure-property
relationships of engineering materials. Classification of materials, atomic structure and bonding,
crystal structures, imperfection in solids, mechanical properties of metals, strengthening mechanisms
and failure of metals, phase diagrams, phase transformations and thermal processing, structure and
properties of ceramics, polymer structures, and corrosion of materials. Laboratory: crystal
structures; X-ray diffraction; determination of tensile, hardness, microhardness, microstructure, and
corrosion properties of metallic materials. Technical writing is an integral part of the course.
Prerequisites: CHEM 213 (Principles of Chemistry II), and credit or concurrent registration in
ENGR 260 (Mechanics of Materials). Grade only.
This course is one of four engineering courses that collectively satisfy 6 credits of the Writing Flag
requirement in the University Studies Program.
This is an existing course that has previously been approved by A2C2 Yes .
OR
This is a new course proposal No . (If this is a new course proposal, the WSU Curriculum Approval Form
must also be completed as in the process prescribed by WSU Regulation 3-4.)
Department Contact Person for this course: Maryam Grami
Email: mgrami@winona.edu
The proposed course is designed to satisfy the requirements in (select one area only):
Course Requirements
A. Basic Skills:
______ 1. College Reading and Writing
______ 2. Oral Communication
______ 3. Mathematics
______ 4. Physical Development and Wellness
C. Unity and Diversity:
1. Critical Analysis
______ 2. Science and Social Policy
______ 3. a. Global Perspectives
______ b. Multicultural Perspectives
__ __ 4. a. Contemporary Citizenship
______ b. Democratic Institutions
B. Arts & Sciences Core:
______ 1. Humanities
______ 2. Natural Science
______ 3. Social Science
______ 4. Fine & Performing Arts
D. Flagged Courses:
___X_ 1. Writing
______ 2. Oral
______ 3. a. Mathematics/ Statistics
______ b. Critical Analysis
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
Course Syllabus
ENGR 285: Properties of Materials
Instructor: Dr. Maryam E. Grami
Office: 203G ST`
Tel: (507) 457- 5348
Email: mgrami@winona.msus.edu
Office Hours:
Teaching Assistant:
Tutoring Hours:
This course is one of four engineering courses that collectively satisfy 6 credits of the Writing Flag
requirement in the University Studies Program.
Text: MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, AN INTRODUCTION
By:
William D. Callister
Sixth Edition
Course Content:
1.
Introduction .................................................................................................................... Chapter 1
- Structure-Property Relationships of Engineering Materials
- Classification of Materials
2.
Atomic Structure and Interface Bonding ...........................................................................Chapter 2
- Atomic Structure
- Atomic Bonding in Solids
3.
The Structure of Crystalline Solids .................................................................................... Chapter 3
- Crystal Structures
- Crystallographic Directions and Planes
- X-ray diffraction: Determination of Crystal Structures
- Crystalline and Noncrystalline Materials
4.
Imperfections in Solids ......................................................................................................Chapter 4
- Point Defects
- Miscellaneous Imperfections
- Microscopic Examination
5.
Mechanical Properties of Metals ........................................................................................ Chapter 6
- Elastic Deformation
- Plastic Deformation
- Hardness and Microhardness
6.
Dislocations and Strengthening Mechanisms ....................................................................Chapter 7
- Dislocation and Plastic Deformation
- Mechanisms of Strengthening in Metals
- Recovery, Recrystallization, and Grain Growth
7.
Phase Diagrams .................................................................................................................. Chapter 9
- Definitions and Basic Concepts
- Equilibrium Phase Diagrams
- The Iron-Carbon System
8.
Phase Transformations in Metals: Development of Microstructure
and Alteration of Mechanical properties ............................................................ Chapter 10
- Microstructural and Property Changes in Iron-Carbon Alloys
9.
Structure and Properties of Ceramics ...............................................................................Chapter 12
- Silicate Ceramics (Glasses), Carbon
- Imperfection in Ceramics, Ceramic Phase Diagrams
- Mechanical Properties of Ceramics
10.
Polymer Structures ...........................................................................................................Chapter 14
- Chain or molecular structures in polymers
- Crystalline and semi-crystalline states of polymers
11.
Corrosion and Degradation of Materials .........................................................................Chapter 18
- Environmental Effects
- Forms of Corrosion
Laboratory Content:
1.
Formation of Various Hardball Crystal Models
(BCC, FCC, HCP and their planes) ................................................................................... Chapter 3
2.
X-ray Powder Diffraction Method for Chemical Identification .......................................Chapter 3
3.
Tensile Testing ................................................................................................................... Chapter 6
4.
Hardness and Microhardness ............................................................................................. Chapter 6
5.
Examination of Microstructure of Ferrous Alloys ............................................................. Chapter 9
6.
Examination of Microstructure of Non-Ferrous Alloys .................................................. Chapter 11
7.
Corrosion and Degradation of Metallic Materials ........................................................... Chapter 17
Writing Flag Sequence 1/4
Laboratory Reports
Evaluation:
Exams
Homework
Quizzes
Laboratory Reports
Laboratory Performance and Portfolio*
* Portfolio: include all you have for the class:
1.
Class notes and handouts
2.
Homework
3.
Quizzes and exams
4.
Your notes for exams
5.
Laboratory reports
References:
1.
James F. Shackelford, Introduction to Materials Science for Engineers, 4th ed.,
Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1996.
2.
William F. Smith, Principles of Materials Science and Engineering, 3rd ed.,
Graw-Hill, New York, 1996.
Mc
Note 1: There is a penalty of 50% on the lab grade for not attending any laboratory session.
Note 2: You are required to wear Safety Glasses in the laboratory all the time. If a student
fails to wear Safety Glasses he/she will be dismissed for the day and will receive a
failing grade for that lab. (Local address for Safety Glasses: Tristate Airgas, 301 E
3rd St. Winona, Phone: 454-8445)
The Writing Center:
The English Department's Writing Center, located in Minné 348 and staffed primarily by
graduate assistants in English, offers WSU students free, individualized instruction in all
aspects of writing. You may visit the center on your own or on the recommendation of a
teacher; you may "drop in," or you may sign up for a scheduled appointment; you may seek
assistance with any aspect of your writing for any class or purpose. A schedule and sign-up
sheet is posted on the Writing Center door each semester. Its hours of operation are
Monday-Thursday 9:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. and Friday from 9:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m.
Call 5505 or email wcenter@winona.edu for appointments and information.
Online Service:
http://www.winona.edu/writingcenter/
6
Writing Flag Sequence 1/4
WINONA STATE UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
ENGR 285: Properties of Materials Laboratory
Laboratory Reports Format
Organization and Content:
1.
Title page:
Course name and number, experiment title, student name, and date.
(Title page and references 5 points)
2.
Introduction:
- Complete definition of major terms and equations related to result of the experiment.
- Experiment’s objectives.
(30 points)
3.
Experimental
Material:
A brief description of the samples.
Equipment: Equipment type and brand.
Method:
Brief complete description of the experimental procedure.
(15 points)
4.
Results:
- Clear and organized in the form of tables, graphs, or pictures.
- For comparison include published data in your results table (if applicable).
(15 points)
5.
Discussion (analysis of data):
- Compare the result of different materials together.
- Compare your results to the expected (published) information and explain any
differences.
- Describe errors and sources of errors.
(35 points)
6.
References: A reference list of all sources of information used for the report.
Example of reference from a book:
1.
R.A. Swalin, Thermodynamics of Solids, Second Edition, John Wiley
and Sons, New York, p. 106-110 (1989).
Article from journals:
2.
J.M. Grant and L.R. Allen, "The Use of Atomic Force Microscopy in
Integrated Circuit Fabrication process Development," USA
Microscopy and Analysis, 11(3): 5-7 (1995).
7.
Appendix:
Sample calculations (if applicable).
Note: The report needs to be typed (double spacing).
7
Writing Flag Sequence 1/4
Contribution of Course to Writing Flag Requirements:
Topic
Course 1/4. Properties
of Materials
Creating &
completing
successful
writing
Understand
features of
uses of
writing in
engineering
--
Outcome
Adapt
writing to
expectations
in
engineering
X
X
Conventions of
evidence,
format, usage, &
documentation
in engineering
--
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Various Crystal
Structures
X
X-ray Powder Diffraction
Tensile Testing
Hardness and
Microhardness
Microstructure of Ferrous
Alloys
Microstructure of NonFerrous Alloys
Corrosion and
Degradation of Metallic
Materials
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Use of
technology
in research
and writing
1. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to practice the
processes and procedures for creating and completing successful writing in their fields.
This course is a lecture-laboratory course. During the lecture hours students learn the
theoretical background for the experiments they perform in the laboratory. The course
has been assigned the most recent and advanced textbook on the subject matter. Several
reference books are included for additional information. The laboratory activities include
a total of seven experiments. Students are required to write a complete laboratory report
for each experiment. Additionally, all the exams, quizzes, and homework for the class
require mainly narrative or descriptive type answers. Therefore, students have many
opportunities to practice writing in the field of materials science.
2. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to understand the main
features and uses of writing in their fields.
Students are required to attend the lecture hours. The reports they write include an
introduction section that covers the scientific background for the experiment. This
obligates students to study the theoretical background of the experiment. In the Results
and Discussion sections, students are required to implement their understanding of the
background theory on analysis of the data they obtained from the experiments.
3. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to adapt their writing to
the general expectations of readers in their fields.
8
Writing Flag Sequence 1/4
Students are provided with a handout explaining the format of the reports and the details
to be included in each section of the report. The format is similar to the format of a
research paper in an engineering journal. Students are required to review and critique
other students’ reports. This will also help students write reports based on the expectation
of readers in their field. Students also have opportunities to practice writing group
reports. This will give students many chances to interact with other students and group
members for analyzing data and writing reports explicable for the readers in their field.
4. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to make use of the
technologies commonly used for research and writing in their fields.
The state-of-the-art equipment used for teaching some of the experiments for this course
includes x-ray diffractometer, tensile, hardness, microhardness, and microscopy testing
units. The students use MS Word, Excel and other software to write their findings and
produce professional reports.
5. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to learn the conventions
of evidence, format, usage, and documentation in their fields.
For the laboratory reports, students are required to include: Introduction, Experimental
(Materials, Equipment, and Method), Results, Discussion, and References. In their results
section, they are required to analyze their data and compare their results to the related
published data. In the discussion section they need to discuss the differences between their
results and the published data, explain the reasons for the discrepancies, and identify the
sources of error. This is an accepted technical writing method in the engineering field.
9
Writing Flag Sequence 1/4
WINONA STATE UNIVERSITY
FINANCIAL AND STAFFING DATA SHEET
Course or Program: ENGR 285 Properties of Materials
Include a Financial and Staffing Data Sheet with any proposal for a new course, new program, or revised program.
Please answer the following questions completely. Provide supporting data.
1.
Would this course or program be taught with existing staff or with new or additional staff? If this course would be taught
by adjunct faculty, include a rationale.
Course will be taught by existing faculty.
2.
What impact would approval of this course/program have on current course offerings? Please discuss number of sections
of current offerings, dropping of courses, etc.
No impact. This course will take the place of ENGR 284 Properties of Materials and ENGR 292 Properties of Materials
Laboratory. These two courses have been dropped from the CME curriculum. This course will replace ENGR 292 as one of
the required courses in the sequence of engineering courses that satisfy the writing flag.
3.
What effect would approval of this course/program have on the department supplies? Include data to support
expenditures for staffing, equipment, supplies, instructional resources, etc.
No Impact.
10
Writing Flag Sequence 1/4
WINONA STATE UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY STUDIES APPROVAL FORM
Routing form for University Studies Course approval.
Department Recommendation
Course__ENGR 285____________
_____ Approved
_________________________________
Department Chair
________________
Date
Dean’s Recommendation _____ Approved
_________________________________
Dean of College
_____ Disapproved
____________________________________________
e-mail address
_____ Disapproved*
________________
Date
*In the case of a dean’s recommendation to disapprove a proposal, a written rationale for the recommendation to disapprove shall
be provided to the University Studies Subcommittee.
USS Recommendation
_____ Approved
_________________________________
University Studies Director
A2C2 Recommendation
_____ Disapproved
________________
Date
_____ Approved
_________________________________
Chair of A2C2
Faculty Senate Recommendation
_____ Disapproved
________________
Date
_____ Approved
_________________________________
President of Faculty Senate
_____ Disapproved
________________
Date
Academic Vice President Recommendation _____ Approved
_________________________________
Academic Vice President
Decision of President
_____ Approved
_________________________________
President
_____ No recommendation
_____ Disapproved
________________
Date
_____ Disapproved
________________
Date
Please forward to Registrar.
Registrar
_________________
Date entered
Please notify department chair via e-mail that curricular change has been recorded.
11
Writing Flag Sequence 2/4
WINONA STATE UNIVERSITY
PROPOSAL FOR UNIVERSITY STUDIES COURSES
Department ____Engineering_________________________
Date _______02/15/06_______
___ENGR 394___________
Course No.
__Polymer Science and Characterization_______________
Course Name
This proposal is for a(n)
___X__ Undergraduate Course
Applies to: __X___ Major
__X_ Required
_____ Elective
______ Minor
_____ Required
_____ Elective
University Studies (A course may be approved to satisfy only one set of outcomes.):
Course Requirements:
Basic Skills:
Arts & Science Core:
_____ 1. College Reading and Writing
_____ 2. Oral Communication
_____ 3. Mathematics
_____ 4. Physical Development & Wellness
_______3_____
Credits
_____ 1. Humanities
_____ 2. Natural Science
_____ 3. Social Science
_____ 4. Fine & Performing Arts
Unity and Diversity:
_____ 1. Critical Analysis
_____ 2. Science and Social Policy
_____ 3. a. Global Perspectives
_____ b. Multicultural
Perspectives
_____ 4. a. Contemporary
Citizenship
_____
Flagged Courses:
b. Democratic Institutions
__X__ 1. Writing
_____ 2. Oral Communication
_____ 3. a. Mathematics/Statistics
_____ b. Critical Analysis
Prerequisites __CHEM 340, ENGR 285____________________________________________________________________
Provide the following information (attach materials to this proposal):
Please see “Directions for the Department” on previous page for material to be submitted.
Attach a University Studies Approval Form.
Department Contact Person for this Proposal:
____Saeed Ziaee______________________________ __457-2984____
Name (please print)
Phone
__sziaee@winona.edu____
e-mail address
[Revised 9-05]
12
Writing Flag Sequence 2/4
University Studies Course Approval
Department or Program: Engineering
Course Number: ENGR 394
Course Title: Polymer Science and Characterization
Number of Credits: 3
Catalog Description: (3 S.H.)A lecture-laboratory course. Investigate and determine thermal and
physical properties of thermoplastics, thermosets, and their blends to get insight into their
thermodynamic state and morphology. Correlate kinetics of cure to macroscopic behavior of
thermosets. Theories discussed in the course include group contribution technique, polymer
miscibility, and phase separation. Technical Writing is an integral part of this course.
Prerequisite: CHEM 340 (Organic Chemistry Survey), and ENGR 285 (Properties of Materials).
Grade only.
This course is one of four engineering courses that collectively satisfy 6 credits of the Writing Flag
requirement in the University Studies Program.
This is an existing course that has previously been approved by A2C2 No .
OR
This is a new course proposal Yes . (If this is a new course proposal, the WSU Curriculum
Approval Form must also be completed as in the process prescribed by WSU Regulation 3-4.)
Department Contact Person for this course: Saeed Ziaee
Email: sziaee@winona.edu
The proposed course is designed to satisfy the requirements in (select one area only):
Course Requirements
A. Basic Skills:
______ 1. College Reading and Writing
______ 2. Oral Communication
______ 3. Mathematics
______ 4. Physical Development and Wellness
C. Unity and Diversity:
1. Critical Analysis
______ 2. Science and Social Policy
______ 3. a. Global Perspectives
______ b. Multicultural Perspectives
__ __ 4. a. Contemporary Citizenship
______ b. Democratic Institutions
B. Arts & Sciences Core:
______ 1. Humanities
______ 2. Natural Science
______ 3. Social Science
______ 4. Fine & Performing Arts
D. Flagged Courses:
___X_ 1. Writing
______ 2. Oral
______ 3. a. Mathematics/ Statistics
______ b. Critical Analysis
13
Writing Flag Sequence 2/4
Course Syllabus
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
ENGR 394: Polymer Science and Characterization
Spring 2007
Instructor:
Office:
Tel:
E-mail:
Dr. Saeed Ziaee
203D ST
(507) 457- 2984
sziaee@winona.edu
Office Hours:
will be posted by the office and on Desire to Learn (D2L).
Teaching Assistant:
TBD
OBJECTIVE:
This course is designed to teach students to operate thermal analysis instruments and to analyze
their data in order to: identify polymers, determine their thermo-physical properties, investigate
miscibility of polymer blends, and gain insight into morphology of polymeric systems. A major
part of the course is also geared toward writing laboratory reports and assessing technical writings.
This course is designed to satisfy the Writing Flag requirement.
NO TEXTBOOK IS REQUIRED. An audio book will be posted on D2L for this class. The book
is an American Chemical Society short course on physical chemistry of polymers. Other than this
book, any introductory book to polymer science and engineering is helpful for this class. Good
authors include Leslie Howard Sperling, C.B. Bucknall, David W. Eisele, and Fred W. Billmeyer
but there are many other books. The content of this course is not polymer chemistry. It is polymer
physics or physical chemistry. Here are some good reference books that can give you definitions
and data quickly:
1 – Physical Chemistry of Polymers, James Mark, American Chemical Society short course, 1986.
2 – Textbook of Polymer Science, Fred W. Billmeyer, Jr., 3rd Edition, 1984, John Wiley & Sons,
Inc.
3 – Polymer Science Dictionary, Mark S.M. Alger, 1st Edition, 1989, Elsevier Applied Science.
4 – Properties of Polymers, D. W. van Krevelen, 3rd completely revised edition, 1990, Elsevier.
5 – Thermal Analysis of Polymers, M. P. Sepe, Rapra Review Reports, Vol. 8, no. 11, 1997, Rapra
Technology Limited.
14
Writing Flag Sequence 2/4
COURSE EXPECTATIONS AND EVALUATION:
1. TEST (3 tests and final): Each has 10% of your final grade. Your midterm will be given
during the lab hours so you have enough time to work on it. The final has to be held at its
scheduled date and time. Tests are closed book and notes however, I will either allow you to
bring or provide the handout of data that you might need. Materials in the exams can be from
any part of the course except instruction/operation of laboratory instruments. (40% Total)
2. QUIZ: You will have oral and written quizzes, during the lab, on the operation of the
instruments. You will also be quizzed on quality of outlines and lab reports written by students
from previous years. Quizzes are taken individually. (10% Total)
3. LABORATORY REPORT: You have 7 laboratory experiments. Each lab report makes up
5% of your final grade. You work in groups for these labs. Follow the format and guidelines
that will be given for your report. This will save you time and help you to write and read
technical papers. You will do experiments in groups; each group member should know all
aspects of performing experiments, analyzing data, and writing reports. Each group will submit
one report but grades will be normalized based on peer review of team members. (35% Total)
4. PROJECT: One project will be assigned for the semester. This is a group project. You will
use the instruments that you learned about in the course to complete the project. You will write
a report also. Your final grade has contribution from your data, data analyses, deduction and
reasoning, and writing the report. The breakdown of the grade for each of these parts will be
decided later according to the complexity of each project. An oral quiz will determine the
contribution of each group member to the completion of the project. (15% Total)
Total Score = 100
GRADE SCALE: 100 - 90% A, 90 - 80% B, 80 - 70% C, 70 - 60 % D
POLICIES
1 – Come to class and lab on time. Otherwise you may miss the quiz. Keep quiet in class and lab,
especially when we are learning the operation of an instrument.
2 – If you have to miss a HW, a lab, or an exam, you should consult with me prior to being absent
or immediately after you return to class. Otherwise, it is understood that you will get a grade of
zero for that assignment or exam.
3 – All information used in your homework, laboratory reports, or projects that have sources other
than your notes, should be properly referenced.
4 – You are required to wear safety glasses in the laboratory when working with chemicals. If a
student fails to wear safety glasses, he/she will be dismissed for the day and will receive a failing
grade for that lab. Those of you who wear contact lenses should be very careful around chemicals
since the vapor of some solvents and curing agents may cause your lenses to swell. Do not bring
any food or drink into the labs. This is for your own safety. Many of the chemicals we use do not
evaporate easily so items contaminated with those chemicals can stay around for a long time.
Ingestion of these chemicals can cause serious problems to your health.
15
Writing Flag Sequence 2/4
5 – Points will be taken off if I or the grader cannot read your handwriting. Show calculations
completely and answer questions as thoroughly as you can. If I cannot follow your reasoning, I
cannot give you credit. You are proving to me that you know the answer.
6 – I do not agree with memorizing definitions word by word (especially someone else’s words
such as mine, textbook’s, or other students’); however, you must be able to express definitions in
your own words/terms. Do not worry if your definition is not as concise as that in the books or
notes at first. The point is that in the process of rewording the definitions, in your terms, you
understand and remember the meaning of it for a longer period of time. This practice also shows
the hidden subjects/assumptions/conditions associated with a definition that you and I might have
ignored. Eventually you become more thorough and concise with your answers.
TOPICS
These are the topics we will go over in class. More topics might be added or some of the following
topics might be replaced by others as the project in class may require.
1.
Introduction: Tg, Tm, Free Volume, Additivity Rule of Mixture, Stoichiometry, Physical
Interactions, Molecular Weight and MW Distribution, Cross-link Density, structure-property
relationship
2.
Thermal Analysis
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA)
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)
Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA)
3.
Polymer Blends
Calorimetry, Heat of Mixing
Group Contribution Method
Binary Interaction Model
Phase Separation
4.
Molecular Spectroscopy
Infrared Spectroscopy
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
5.
Separation and molecular weight determination: Gel Permeation Chromatography &
Light Scattering
EXPERIMENTS
1.
TGA:
degradation temperature and solid content
16
Writing Flag Sequence 2/4
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
TMA:
DSC:
DMA:
FT-IR:
FT-IR:
GPC:
glass transition temperature and coefficient of thermal expansion
heat of reaction, glass transition temperature, degree of crystallinity
effect of temperature on dynamic mechanical properties
identification of neat polymers
monitor of cure kinetics
separation and concentration measurement of thermoplastics, molecular
weight determination
17
Writing Flag Sequence 2/4
Contribution of Course to Writing Flag Requirements:
Topic
Course 4/4.
Polymer Science and
Characterization
Fourier Transform
Infrared Spectroscopy
(FT-IR)
Thermomechanical
Analysis (TMA)
Dynamic Mechanical
Analysis (DMA)
Differential Scanning
Calorimetry(DSC)
Thermogravimetric
Analysis (TGA)
Gel Permeation
Chromatography
(GPC)
Project
Creating &
completing
successful
writing
Outcome
Understand Adapt
features
writing to
and uses of expectations
writing in
in
engineering engineering
Use of
technology
in research
and writing
Conventions of
evidence,
format, usage, &
documentation
in engineering
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to practice the
processes and procedures for creating and completing successful writing in their fields.
In this course, students are required to write reports for their laboratory experiments and
their project. They are taught to write technical reports. The reports are based on
experimental data collected by the students in the lab. Students learn about various
sections of a technical report and the type of information that fits into each section. This
activity leads to creating a preliminary outline for a report. The outline of every report is
graded and given back before the students proceed to write the full report. In writing the
full report, students learn the order in which each section of the report should be written
to produce a coherent and cohesive report. The reports are graded mainly based on the
logical order of presentation of information and sufficient details, in addition to data
analysis and interpretation. A sample outline and report are provided for the students.
2. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to understand the main
features and uses of writing in their fields.
In all reports and project, students are required to compare their findings to those
reported in the literature and explain the cause of any discrepancy in their
experimentally-obtained values. This exercise makes up a small portion of the lab reports
18
Writing Flag Sequence 2/4
and a large portion of the project report; they do not merely write up their findings. They
practice how to reason out their observations in writing.
3. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to adapt their writing to
the general expectations of readers in their fields.
In all laboratory reports, students are required to present materials in a coherent manner,
to use consistent tense throughout the report, to write clearly and to the point, and to
distinguish between explaining their observations and interpreting the data. These are
some of the basic expectations in writing engineering reports that are practiced in this
class.
4. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to make use of the
technologies commonly used for research and writing in their fields.
State-of-the-art instruments are used in this course. Students are divided into groups and
are required to run the instruments and analyze their data for the subsequent report.
Each group is trained on operation and data analysis of each instrument. Detailed written
instruction and visual tapes are provided for future references as well. There are two
major activities in the lab period. For about the first half of the semester, students learn
the operation of instruments using standard samples/materials. Lectures complement the
theory behind the phenomena that these tests/instruments exhibit. In the second half of
the course, students complete a project, in which they use all the instruments they learned
to prove a technical point. They experience a research-type activity. To write reports,
students use Microsoft Word, Excel, and Kaleidagraph. Kaleidagraph is plotting software
and has fitting capabilities as well.
5. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to learn the conventions
of evidence, format, usage, and documentation in their fields.
In all laboratory reports, students are required to properly reference sources they used to
complete the report. This activity is even more relevant to the project.
19
Writing Flag Sequence 2/4
WINONA STATE UNIVERSITY
FINANCIAL AND STAFFING DATA SHEET
Course or Program: ENGR 394 Polymer Science and Characterization
Include a Financial and Staffing Data Sheet with any proposal for a new course, new program, or revised program.
Please answer the following questions completely. Provide supporting data.
1.
Would this course or program be taught with existing staff or with new or additional staff? If this course would be taught
by adjunct faculty, include a rationale.
Course will be taught by existing faculty.
2.
What impact would approval of this course/program have on current course offerings? Please discuss number of sections
of current offerings, dropping of courses, etc.
This course will take the place of ENGR 465 Composite Characterization Techniques which was one of the four
engineering courses that collectively satisfied the writing flag requirement in the CME program. ENGR 465 has been dropped
and this course will take its place in the curriculum and in the writing flag sequence.
3.
What effect would approval of this course/program have on the department supplies? Include data to support
expenditures for staffing, equipment, supplies, instructional resources, etc.
New equipment has already been acquired for this course and existing equipment and supplies will be used. No
additional supplies will be needed.
20
Writing Flag Sequence 2/4
WINONA STATE UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY STUDIES APPROVAL FORM
Routing form for University Studies Course approval.
Department Recommendation
Course_ENGR 394_____________
_____ Approved
_________________________________
Department Chair
________________
Date
Dean’s Recommendation _____ Approved
_________________________________
Dean of College
_____ Disapproved
____________________________________________
e-mail address
_____ Disapproved*
________________
Date
*In the case of a dean’s recommendation to disapprove a proposal, a written rationale for the recommendation to disapprove shall
be provided to the University Studies Subcommittee.
USS Recommendation
_____ Approved
_________________________________
University Studies Director
A2C2 Recommendation
_____ Disapproved
________________
Date
_____ Approved
_________________________________
Chair of A2C2
Faculty Senate Recommendation
_____ Disapproved
________________
Date
_____ Approved
_________________________________
President of Faculty Senate
_____ Disapproved
________________
Date
Academic Vice President Recommendation _____ Approved
_________________________________
Academic Vice President
Decision of President
_____ Approved
_________________________________
President
_____ No recommendation
_____ Disapproved
________________
Date
_____ Disapproved
________________
Date
Please forward to Registrar.
Registrar
_________________
Date entered
Please notify department chair via e-mail that curricular change has been recorded.
21
Writing Flag Sequence 3/4
University Studies Course Approval
Department or Program: Engineering
Course Number: ENGR 451
Course Title:
Transport Phenomena Laboratory
Number of Credits: 1
Catalog Description: (1 S.H.) A lecture-laboratory course. Theories of pressure, flow, and
temperature measurements. Experiments in momentum, heat, and mass transfer. Emphasis
on technical writing of laboratory reports. This course is one of four engineering courses that
collectively satisfy 6 credits of the writing flag requirement in the University Studies Program.
This is an existing course that has previously been approved by A2C2 Yes .
OR
This is a new course proposal No . (If this is a new course proposal, the WSU Curriculum
Approval Form must also be completed as in the process prescribed by WSU Regulation 3-4.)
Department Contact Person for this course: Fariborz Parsi
Email: fparsi@winona.msus.edu
The proposed course is designed to satisfy the requirements in (select one area only):
Course Requirements
A. Basic Skills:
______ 1. College Reading and Writing
______ 2. Oral Communication
______ 3. Mathematics
______ 4. Physical Development and Wellness
C. Unity and Diversity:
1. Critical Analysis
______ 2. Science and Social Policy
______ 3. a. Global Perspectives
______ b. Multicultural Perspectives
__ __ 4. a. Contemporary Citizenship
______ b. Democratic Institutions
B. Arts & Sciences Core:
______ 1. Humanities
______ 2. Natural Science
______ 3. Social Science
______ 4. Fine & Performing Arts
D. Flagged Courses:
___X_ 1. Writing
______ 2. Oral
______ 3. a. Mathematics/ Statistics
______ b. Critical Analysis
22
Writing Flag Sequence 3/4
Course Syllabus
ENGR 451: Transport Phenomena Lab
The modified syllabus and other related materials for ENGR 451 are available at the following web
site:
http://course1.winona.edu/fparsi/ENGR451/ENGR451first.htm
Prerequisites by Course(s) and Topic(s):
ENG 111- College Reading and Writing
ENGR 350- Fluid Mechanics
ENGR 370- Heat and Mass Transfer
STAT 303- Introduction to Engineering Statistics
Topics:
1. Fundamentals of fluid dynamics
2. Fundamentals of conduction and convection heat transfer
3. Fundamentals of diffusion mass transfer
4. Fundamentals of design of experiments and data analysis
Textbook(s) and/or Other Required Materials:
F. Parsi, Transport Phenomena Laboratory Manual
Coordinator(s):
Fariborz Parsi, Associate Professor of Engineering
Yaşar Demirel, Assistant Professor of Engineering
Course Objectives:
This course is designed to provide the students with the experimental experience on some of the
fundamental issues of momentum, heat, and mass transfer. It is also the objective of the course to
introduce the students to all aspects of experimental work. These are need justification, setting
objectives, planning, design of experiments, conducting the experimental work, data collection, data
analysis, and communicating the results to others. An integral objective of this course is to learn
writing laboratory reports and improving the technical writing and literature search skills of
students.
Topics Covered
 Theories of pressure, flow, and
temperature measurements
 Heat Conduction studies
 Forced/Free convection heat transfer
 Particle drag coefficient
 Mass transfer and diffusion
coefficient
 Viscoelastic fluid properties
 Viscometry
Class/Laboratory Schedule:
267 minutes of lecture per semester
(equivalent of 1/3 of 1 credit hour)
1067 minutes of laboratory per semester
(equivalent to 2/3 of 1 credit hour)
23
Writing Flag Sequence 3/4
Contribution of Course to Writing Flag Requirements:
Topic
Course 2/4: Transport
Phenomena Lab.
Theories of pressure,
flow, and temperature
measurements
Heat Conduction
studies
X
Forced/Free
convection heat
transfer
Particle drag
coefficient
Mass transfer and
diffusion coefficient
Viscoelastic fluid
properties
Viscometry
Outcome
Creating &
completing
successful
writing
Understand
features of
uses of writing
in engineering
Adapt
writing to
expectations
in
engineering
Use of
technology
in research
and writing
Conventions of
evidence, format,
usage, &
documentation in
engineering
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to practice the
processes and procedures for creating and completing successful writing in their fields
Engineering students perform experiments using the procedures and processes they
learned earlier in their engineering courses. Students incorporate the practices and
procedures into their laboratory reports.
2. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to understand the main
features and uses of writing in their fields
In the experiments, the theory gained through the engineering courses on Fluid
Mechanics, and Heat and Mass Transfer will be put into practice. This will help them to
understand and express the concepts.
3. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to adapt their writing to
the general expectations of readers in their fields
Students are in a position of reporting the experimental activities in a meaningful way to
the readers in the field. The concepts and data analysis will be reported, and the feed back
on the report from the instructor will ensure the expectations of readers in the field.
24
Writing Flag Sequence 3/4
4. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to make use of the
technologies commonly used for research and writing in their fields
Students learn how to use up-to-date equipment, data acquisition and control, and
computer and printing facilities in their experimental work. This activity is very useful in
research and reporting in the field.
5. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to learn the convention
of evidence, format, usage, and documentation in their fields.
Students are encouraged to learn and adapt a standard format of writing a report. This
includes title page, executive summary, introduction, objectives, plan of experiments,
experimental apparatus, data and data analysis, interpretation of results and comparison
with theory, conclusions, recommendations, appendices, and references. Students get
feedback on their reports and writings on weekly basis.
25
Writing Flag Sequence 3/4
Approval/Disapproval Recommendations
Department Recommendation: Approved_____ Disapproved____ Date:______
Chairperson Signature_______________________ Date______
Dean's Recommendation: Approved_____ Disapproved ____* Date:______
Dean's Signature_______________________ Date______
*In the case of a Dean's recommendation to disapprove a proposal a written rationale for the
recommendation to disapprove shall be provided to USS
USS Recommendation: Approved_____ Disapproved____ Date:______
University Studies Director's Signature_______________________ Date______
A2C2 Recommendation: Approved_____ Disapproved_____ Date:______
A2C2 Chairperson Signature_______________________ Date______
Faculty Senate Recommendation: Approved_____ Disapproved____ Date:______
FA President's Signature_______________________ Date______
Academic Vice President's Recommendation: Approved_____ Disapproved____ Date:______
VP's Signature_______________________ Date______
President's Decision: Approved_____ Disapproved____ Date:______
President's Signature_______________________ Date______
26
Writing Flag Sequence 4/4
University Studies Course Approval
Department or Program: Engineering
Course Number: ENGR 452
Course Title:
Mechanical Characterization Laboratory
Number of Credits: 2
Catalog Description: (2 S.H.) A lecture-laboratory course. Experimental characterization of
composite materials, including density of fibers, fiber content, tension, compression, flexure,
in-plane shear, interlaminar shear, fatigue and impact properties of composite materials.
Effect of stress concentration in composites. Lamina thermoelastic and off-axis response, and
nondestructive evaluations of composites. Emphasis on technical writing and preparation of
laboratory reports. This course is one of four engineering courses that collectively satisfy 6
credits of the writing flag requirement in the University Studies Program.
This is an existing course that has previously been approved by A2C2 Yes.
OR
This is a new course proposal No . (If this is a new course proposal, the WSU Curriculum
Approval Form must also be completed as in the process prescribed by WSU Regulation 3-4.)
Department Contact Person for this course: Beckry Abdel-Magid
Email: beckry@winona.edu
The proposed course is designed to satisfy the requirements in (select one area only):
Course Requirements
A. Basic Skills:
______ 1. College Reading and Writing
______ 2. Oral Communication
______ 3. Mathematics
______ 4. Physical Development and Wellness
C. Unity and Diversity:
1. Critical Analysis
______ 2. Science and Social Policy
______ 3. a. Global Perspectives
______ b. Multicultural Perspectives
______ 4. a. Contemporary Citizenship
______ b. Democratic Institutions
B. Arts & Sciences Core:
______ 1. Humanities
______ 2. Natural Science
______ 3. Social Science
______ 4. Fine & Performing Arts
D. Flagged Courses:
___X__ 1. Writing
______ 2. Oral
______ 3. a. Mathematics/ Statistics
______ b. Critical Analysis
27
Writing Flag Sequence 4/4
Course Syllabus
ENGR 452 - Mechanical Characterization Laboratory, Fall 2001
2 Credits
Lecture:
Lab:
11:00 -11:50 M
Room: Stark 205
Section 1
12:00 -1:50 pm M Stark 124
Section 2
12:00 -1:50 pm W Stark 124
Instructor:
Beckry Abdel-Magid, Stark 203E
Office Hours: 11:00 am - 12:00 pm WF
3:00 pm - 5:00 pm MTWF
References: 1.
L.A. Carlsson and R.B. Pipes, Experimental Characterization of
Advanced Composite Materials, Prentice-Hall, 1987.
2.
Agarwal and Broutman, Analysis and Performance of Fiber
Composites, 2nd Edition, Wiley, 1990.
3.
ASTM Standards and Literature References for Composite Materials,
2nd Edition, 1990.
SACMA Recommended Methods, Suppliers of Advanced Composites
Materials Association.
Catalog Description:
ENGR 452 Mechanical Characterization Laboratory - 2 S.H.
A lecture-laboratory course. Determination of density of fibers, fiber and matrix contents,
tension, compression, flexure, and shear properties of composite materials. Determination
of fatigue and impact properties, stress concentration, lamina thermoelastic and off-axis
response, and nondestructive evaluations of composites. Emphasis on technical writing
and preparation of laboratory reports. This course is one of four engineering courses that
collectively satisfy 6 credits of the writing flag requirement in the University Studies
Program. Prerequisites: ENG 111 College Reading and Writing, ENGR 260 Mechanics of
Materials, ENGR 360 Introduction to Composite Materials, and STAT 303 Introduction to
Engineering Statistics.
Course Objectives:
This course is designed to give junior and senior students in composite materials
engineering an ability to experimentally characterize composite and other anisotropic
materials. Students will be able to prepare specimens, perform tests and reduce the data
to determine the mechanical properties of composite materials. An integral objective of
this course is to learn to write laboratory reports, improve technical writing skills, reduce
and present data in scientific, concise and professional manner.
This is a University Studies Program Writing Flag course. It satisfies 2 credits of the
writing flag requirement. The objective of this requirement is to promote students’ abilities
to:
a. practice the processes and procedures for creating and completing successful
writing in their fields
b. understand the main features and uses of writing in their fields
c. adapt their writing to the general expectations of readers in their fields
d. make use of the technologies commonly used for research and writing in their fields
28
Writing Flag Sequence 4/4
e. learn the conventions of evidence, format, usage, and documentation in their fields.
Course Outline:
1.
Density of High-Modulus Fibers. Determination of the density of any continuous
or discontinuous high-modulus fibers using the ASTM D 3800-79 Standard Test
Method.
2.
Determination of Fiber Volume Fraction. Volume fractions of the constituents of
a composite using two test methods: the matrix burn-off method and the
photomicrographic technique.
3.
Strain Gage Measurements. Measurements of strains in any structural specimen
using electrical resistance strain gages.
4.
Lamina Tensile Response. Determination of the tensile properties of a single
lamina using strain gages on test coupons. Young's moduli in longitudinal and
transverse directions, major and minor Poisson's ratios, and the tensile strength of a
lamina.
5.
Lamina Compressive Response. Determination of the compressive properties of
a unidirectional lamina. Compressive moduli and compressive strength of a lamina
using strain gages.
6.
Lamina Flexural Response. Determination of the stress-strain response of a
lamina in bending and measure the flexural modulus and the flexural strength in the
fiber direction.
7.
In-plane Shear Stress-Strain Response. Determination of the in-plane shear
stress-strain properties of a unidirectional lamina. In-plane shear modulus, in-plane
shear strength, and maximum in-plane shear strain of a unidirectional reinforced
lamina.
8.
Short-Beam Shear. Determination of the apparent interlaminar shear strength of
oriented fiber-resin composites using the Short-Beam Test Method.
9.
Stress Concentration. Study of various conditions of stress concentration in
composites, and how to determine the tensile properties of oriented fiber-resin
composite laminates containing a circular hole.
10.
Tension-Tension Fatigue Test. Determination of the tension-tension fatigue
properties of oriented fiber composites using ASTM D 3479-76 Standard Test
Method.
11.
Data Acquisition. Introduction to laboratory software using LabView. Virtual
instruments, editing and debugging virtual instruments, and an introduction to data
acquisition systems..
12.
Lamina Off-Axis Response. Using stress-strain response of the off-axis specimen
subjected to axial tension, the student will be able to characterize the shear
coupling phenomenon, and measure the off-axis modulus and off-axis strength of a
lamina.
13.
Impact Testing. Charpy, Izod and the Drop-Weight impact tests will be introduced.
The drop-weight impact test will be used to measure the load-time curve.
14.
Non-Destructive Evaluation of Composite Materials. An overview of damage
identification in composites using ultrasonic techniques, acoustic emission
techniques, imbedded fiber optics, and x-ray direction.
Course Requirements and Means of Evaluation:
Requirements:
Attendance in all lectures; Performance of experiments; and
29
Writing Flag Sequence 4/4
Submission of fourteen laboratory reports
Laboratory experiments, group work, and
communication of data
15%
Laboratory Reports
65%
Final Exam
20%
Total
100%
A grade of: 90 or above is A, 80 or above is B, 70 or above is C, 60 or above is D
Evaluation:
30
Writing Flag Sequence 1/4
Contribution of Course to Writing Flag Requirements:
Topic
Course 3/4. Composites
Characterization
Techniques
Density of high-modulus
fibers
Determination of fiber
volume fraction
Lamina tensile response
Lamina compressive
response
Lamina flexural response
In-plane shear stressstrain response
Short-beam shear
Stress concentration
Tension-tension fatigue
test
Lamina thermoelastic
response
Lamina off-axis response
Impact testing and nondestructive evaluation of
composite materials
Outcome
Creating &
completing
successful
writing
Understand
features of
uses of writing
in engineering
Adapt
writing to
expectations
in
engineering
Use of
technology in
research and
writing
Conventions of
evidence,
format, usage, &
documentation
in engineering
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
6. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to practice
the processes and procedures for creating and completing successful writing in
their fields.
In each topic and each week of the semester students conduct an experiment
and write a complete report describing the test procedure, the analysis of
results, and the conclusions of the experiment. The format of the reports
is similar to technical and professional reports in engineering practice
and scientific journals in the engineering field.
7. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to understand
the main features and uses of writing in their fields.
Students are required to follow the technical report-writing standards in the field of
engineering. Each report includes a cover letter, title page, table of contents,
31
Writing Flag Sequence 1/4
introduction, procedure, results, discussion and conclusions. These sections
constitute the main features of writing in the engineering and scientific fields.
8. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to adapt their
writing to the general expectations of readers in their fields.
In preparing their reports, the students organize the contents and write the texts
considering the standpoint of the reader. The reader is interested in the nature of
the problem, the method used to attack the problem, the results obtained, and the
experimenter's analysis of the results. In addition, the findings of the investigation
should be clearly illustrated and defended. Usually, results are backed by similar
findings in the published literature or a scientific justification is provided to explain
the anomalies.
9. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to make use
of the technologies commonly used for research and writing in their fields.
For each topic, the students are required to read the American Society of Testing
and Materials (ASTM) standards and specifications, perform research on the
materials to be tested, conduct the tests, and compare their results with published
values in the literature. In this exercise, students use library search, engineering
index data search and various Web searches. Students use state-of-the-art data
acquisition systems, such as INSTRON, MTS TESTWORKS and LABVIEW, and
up-to-date software to perform their analyses and write their reports. Students are
also required to consult with the writing lab in Minne 340 to discuss their writing
styles and edit their reports.
10. Requirements and learning activities that promote students’ abilities to learn the
conventions of evidence, format, usage, and documentation in their fields.
In each topic, students are required to discuss their findings, and address the specific
questions forwarded in the assignment. If the answers do not adequately cover the
important aspects of the results, these are covered in addition. The discussion is
based on both the results of laboratory work and similar work reported in the
literature. Attempts should be made to explain observed anomalies. Particularly
worthwhile points of discussion are: accuracy and practical significance of
laboratory results. A good amount of literature research is desirable in most cases.
In the conclusions section, students are required to provide a summary of the major
findings and the significant implications of their test results.
The guidelines of the preparations of the laboratory reports are attached.
32
Writing Flag Sequence 1/4
Department of Engineering
ENGR 452 - Mechanical Characterization Laboratory
PREPARATION OF LABORATORY REPORTS
ORGANIZATION AND CONTENT
In preparing a report, the organization should be considered from the
standpoint of the reader. He/she is interested in the nature of the problem, the
method used to attack the problem, the results obtained, and the experimenter's
analysis of the results. Therefore, the report should have the following form:
Cover Letter. Response to company requesting the test services. May
include a brief summary of major findings.
Title Page. This page should indicate the project, author's name, date,
and course.
Table of Contents. Include titles, subtitles, appendices and page
numbers.
Introduction. The nature of the project should be described briefly.
Normally a few sentences will be sufficient, unless some unusual features
are involved. The composite used in the test should be described in detail
under this heading; this description should be based primarily on three
major items: fiber classification, matrix composition, and composite type
(such as prepreg, short fiber, etc.). Additional pertinent adjectives can be
used, where applicable, to describe items such as: generic name,
orientation, or structure.
Procedure. Standard procedures already described in textbooks or class
notes need not be rewritten in the report, but they may be simply
referenced. However, specific test conditions should be noted, and
special aspects involved in the procedure, and not covered elsewhere,
should be described.
Results. Only the final summary of results, usually either in tabular or
graphical form, should be shown in this portion of the report. All other
preliminary results should appear in an appendix. No results or
computations of any type should be omitted from the appendix, except for
the summary of results appearing in the report proper.
Discussion. There may be specific questions concerning the project, and
these should be answered carefully. If the answers do not adequately
cover the important aspects of the results, these should be covered in
addition. Such discussion should be based on both the results of
laboratory work and similar work reported in the literature. Attempts
should be made to explain observed anomalies. Particularly worthwhile
points of discussion are accuracy and practical significance of laboratory
results. A limited amount of literature research is desirable in most cases.
Conclusions. A brief summary of the major findings and the significant
implications of the test results (one paragraph, or two at the most).
References. A reference list indicating all sources of information used for
the report should be given. The format of the references list should be
33
Writing Flag Sequence 1/4
consistent in itself and according to some standard style, one acceptable
example of which is included with these instructions. Number the
references and refer to each reference by the corresponding number or by
the name of the author.
Appendix (or Appendices). This portion of the report should contain all
laboratory sheets, calculations, secondary results, instruction sheets, and
relevant data not of sufficient importance to appear in the report proper.
GENERAL FORM
Neatness. Neatness is a habit developed by conscious effort.
Consequently, there is no excuse for an untidy report. Typing is required.
Coordination with the Writing Lab is strictly recommended. Greater
attention should be given to neatness in the more important parts of the
report (e.g., Title Page, Results, etc.). The laboratory sheets, on which
original readings and computations are recorded, may be submitted in
their original form as an appendix to the report. An effort should be made
to be neat when completing these sheets in the laboratory. It is also
essential that each sheet be complete with regard to sample number,
date, etc.
Graphs. Graphs are frequently the most important part of the report, since
they often summarize the results of the work. Therefore, a carefully
considered presentation is vital. Important points to be followed in
drawing graphs include the following:
1.
Provide a prominent and descriptive title.
2.
Clearly indicate coordinate scales and appropriate units.
3.
Where a curve is based on a formulation, show a line only; do not
show points through which the line is drawn.
4.
Show points corresponding to experimental data clearly and
distinctly; then, use a smooth prominent curve to indicate the trend
suggested by these points.
5.
The scale projections or grid lines crossing the graph should be thin
lines which are insignificant in comparison to the curve indicating
the results.
6.
All curves should be drawn with a french curve, if necessary.
7.
Curves and points representing different portions of the work
should preferably be differentiated by use of different symbols or
color print.
8.
At least one inch of clear margin is desirable on all sides of the
graph.
9.
Pages which are read from the side should be placed with the
bottom at the right-hand, or unbound, side.
Tables. When the results are reported in tabular form, titles and linework
should be given care similar to that used for graphs. Thicker lines should
separate major groupings, with thinner lines used elsewhere.
34
Writing Flag Sequence 1/4
FURTHER INFORMATION
Further information on report writing may be found in many appropriate
texts, (1,2,3).
REFERENCES
1.
Lesikar, R.V., (1984). How To Write a Report Your Boss Will Read
and Remember, Dow Jones-Irwin, Homewood, Illinois.
2.
Michaelson, H., (1989). How To Write and Publish Engineering
Papers and Reports, Oryx Press, Phoenix, Arizona.
3.
Mali, P., and Sykes, R., (1985). Writing and Wordprocessing for
Engineers and Scientists, McGraw-Hill, New York, New York.
35
Writing Flag Sequence 1/4
Approval/Disapproval Recommendations
Department Recommendation: Approved_____ Disapproved____ Date:______
Chairperson Signature_______________________ Date______
Dean's Recommendation: Approved_____ Disapproved ____* Date:______
Dean's Signature_______________________ Date______
*In the case of a Dean's recommendation to disapprove a proposal a written rationale
for the recommendation to disapprove shall be provided to USS
USS Recommendation: Approved_____ Disapproved____ Date:______
University Studies Director's Signature_______________________ Date______
A2C2 Recommendation: Approved_____ Disapproved_____ Date:______
A2C2 Chairperson Signature_______________________ Date______
Faculty Senate Recommendation: Approved_____ Disapproved____ Date:______
FA President's Signature_______________________ Date______
Academic Vice President's Recommendation: Approved_____ Disapproved____
Date:______
VP's Signature_______________________ Date______
President's Decision: Approved_____ Disapproved____ Date:______
President's Signature_______________________ Date______
36