CHE 1810
STUDY GUIDE (Page 1) : EXAM 2
G. Lind
What you need to know:
CH 14 :
Write the equilibrium constants Kc and Kp and the reaction quotients for a homogeneous and a
heterogeneous reaction
Calculate the equilibrium constant for a reaction when the equilibrium constant for the reverse rxn
or a multiple of the reaction is given
Write and calculate the equilibrium constant for the overall rxn of a mechanism when the equilibrium
constants for the elementary steps are given (and related problems)
Find Kp when Kc is given an vice versa
Determine in which direction a rxn will proceed when concentrations (pressures) and Kc (Kp ) are given
Know how to use LeChaˆtelier' s principle ( add, remove reactant, product, change pressure, volume,
temperature etc)
Know how to do equilibrium calculations (ICE)
CH 15 :
Arrhenius acid, base
Bronsted-Lowry acid, base
Conjugate base, conjugate acid
H2O
H+ + OHKw = [H+][OH-] = 1.0.10-14
pH = -log[H+] , pOH = -log[OH-]
pH + pOH = 14.00
[H+] = 10-pH
Calculate pH when [H+] is given and vice versa
Calculate pOH when [OH-] is given and vice versa
KaKb = Kw
Kb =
1.0 ×10-14
K a (conj.acid)
pKa = -logKa , pKb = -logKb
pKa + pKb = pKw
pKa + pKb = 14.00
Know all strong acids (formula and name)
Know all strong bases (formula and name)
Know name of inorganic compound when formula given and vice versa
Calculation of pH of a weak acid solution when [HA] and Ka (or Kb of conj. base) given
Calculation of pH of a weak base solution when [B] and Kb (or Ka of conj. acid) given
Know when to use the quadratic equation (and how to use it)
Calculation of percent ionization
Calculation of Ka from pH (same for base)
Polyprotic acid (Ka1 , Ka2 , etc, Kb1 , Kb2 , etc)
Know how Ka1 etc and Kb1 etc are defind and find one from the other
Recognize an acid, a base given the formula
Know how to set up the base (acid) equilibrium
Acid-base neutralization (also when not 1:1)
CHE 1810
STUDY GUIDE (Page 2) : EXAM 2
G. Lind
Molecular, ionic, net ionic equation (balanced)
Salts (formulas, names)
Find the acid, find the base (from which the salt was made)
Determine whether an aqueous solution of a salt is acidic, basic, or neutral (and explain why)
Calculate the pH of a salt solution
Given the names of two acids (binary acids, oxoacids) draw best Lewis structures (considering formal
charges) and determine and explain which of the two acids is the stronger one
Given a chemical reaction determine the Lewis acids and the Lewis bases. Draw the Lewis structures and
show the electron pairs which are donated (accepted)
CH 16 :
Common ion effect (Le Chatelier's principle)
Buffer (acid, base)
Henderson Hasselbalch equation (acid, base)
Know when (not) to use the HH equation
All problems using the HH equation
Design a buffer of pH = xxx using a table of acids (bases)
Buffer capacity, buffer range and pH range
Calculate change in pH when acid (base) is added to buffer
Calculate change in pH when acid (base) is added to nonbuffered solution
Titrations : calculate the molarity of the base (acid) when titration data are given,
calculate the pH at the equivalence point of an acid/base titration (strong/strong and
strong/weak), determine the pKa from titration data
Know how to write correct Lewis structures including all lone pairs and bonding pairs and using formal
charges to find the best structure. Know how to determine the molecular geometry (linear, bent etc)
There will be calculations – bring your scientific calculator
Show all your calculations
Show your calculations with units
Report the answers with units and correct sig. fig.
No units = wrong units
Partial credit only when all work is shown
No credit for a bare answer to a numerical problem (when calculations are needed)
The exam will be a 110 minute exam
Because of the time constraint I cannot promise that all subjects listed above will be on the exam
Some of the assigned end of chapter problems, PEs may be on the exam
Cheat Sheet :
One letter size sheet (front and back). Only handwritten entries, no copies from a book taped or stapled
No end of chapter problems with solutions on the cheat sheet
Your name must be printed on the sheet. The sheet must be handed in with the exam