Design And Implementation Of Database System For
Patient Management System (A Case Study Of Delta
Hospital Onitsha)
1
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
ii
Certification
iii
Dedication
iv
Acknowledgement
v
Abstract
vi
Table of contents
viii
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1
1.1
Theoretical background of the study
1
1.2
Statement of the problem
4
1.3
Purpose of the study
5
1.4
Aims and objectives of the study
5
1.5
Significance of the study
6
1.6
Limitations
6
1.7
Definitions of terms
7
CHAPTER TWO
Literature Review
8
2
2.1
General review of database storage and retrieval system 8
2.2
File organization
12
2.3
Storage media
15
2.4
Database retrieval techniques
17
CHAPTER THREE
Analysis of the existing system
20
3.1
Fact finding method
21
3.2
Objectives of the existing system
22
3.3
Input, process and output analysis
22
3.4
Problems of the exiting system
24
3.5
Database flow diagram
25
3.6
Justification for New system
26
CHAPTER FOUR
Design of a New System
27
4.1
Input specification and design
27
4.2
Output specification
28
4.3
File design
29
4.4
Procedure chart
30
3
4.5
System flowchart
31
4.6
System requirement
32
CHAPTER FIVE
Implementation
33
5.1
Program design
33
5.2
Program flowchart
34
5.3
Pseudo code
37
CHAPTER SIX
Documentation
39
CHAPTER SEVEN
Recommendation
41
Conclusion
42
References
43
4
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
Database is a collection of logically related files, organized in a manner
to satisfy the needs of an organization. A database is a store of data structured
so that access and update can be made by different people in different ways
without needs to change its design or content for this to happen, it is essential
that all data items are logically related.
Database is always necessary to store date items once, because of it,
input cost are lower. Duplicate letters are largely dominated thereby saving
space and ensuring data consistency. Data is defined as an unprocessed facts.
They are raw fact that are unprocessed.
Data does not have meaning.
Information are processed data through the computer, which process different
type of information. Information in the computer is stored in codes. File is the
collection of related filed, field is the collection of data items.
Database management system are important, because important
information requirement and non-specialist need easy ways of accessing this
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information. Large amount of data with many types of records occurring many
times in database management system. Also in database management system,
complex data structures including many relationships between data items.
Many organization will have many use requirement in data base management
system. Organizations will also have many frequent demand for changes to be
made which only unflexible database management system can cope with.
Data is viewed as a source to be shared by as many process as possible.
As a result, data must be organized in a way that is flexible and adaptable to un
anticipation requirements.
The data which they stored in anticipation of
requests, and the requests themselves. Data may be stored as references to
documents, microforms or computer coded text, graphics etc. the service may
be offered on a local basis or through a telecommunication network. Database
system may be operated by organizations for their own benefit or offered to the
public on a subscription basic. The output from database services is either a
document or computer data presented, say, on a video display unit or a voice
output.
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The main purpose of database is to satisfy the user information needs.
The way in which these needs are expressed largely determined the principles
of operation of a particular database system.
Rerhaps the most straight forward request for database is when the user
supplies a complete reference for a document. The job of the service then is to
locate a copy of the document and deliver it to the user.
This is usually
referred to as document retrieved service. It may be aided by computers in
compelling the index to the documents in store, and in physically locating a
required document as in a computerized warehouse.
More after then not, however, database need are expressed in terms of a
request for data such as, how many patient are being admitted monthly in a
hospital? Or what kind of sickness of a patient? To answer such questions
reference must be made to records stored either in printed form or as computer
coded data. The first of there is often refered to as information retrieval, the
later as database search, when the index to the printed record is computerized.
The database distribution system, with the added facility of storage at
computer coded text, offer one approach to reducing, the physical size of
records, and to mechanizing their search and
retrieval the records
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unfortunately, first have to be converted into computer compatible form, and
can be consulted only after reconversion via some printing or display device.
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
There has been this problem of too much work for the nurses in the
hospital. Owing to the growing population of patient in the hospital, the nurses
is faced with hips of file. At times, sorting out a particular patient file takes
most a month.
Also there has been cases of missing files. Due to lack of security in the
office and the poor filling system in use, the patient files at times get lost and it
then becomes difficult to access the concerned patient information.
This bitter complaints and the delay in the receiving of information for
the management had been the major concern and therefore has intensified the
need to design a software which will go a long way in tackling these problems
and at the same time helps to quicken database processing.
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1.3
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of the study is to design and implementation of database
system for patient management system.
1.4
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
Due to the controversy surrounding the manual processing involved in
patient management system, it was felt that a study of this nature will clarify
the causes of the problems being faced by the concerned nurses and map out
the necessary solutions and techniques to the problem.
Also the manual processing in patient management system was found to
be cumber some, tedrous and ineffective which lead to inaccurate and
unreliable results. It is the aim of this work therefore to nemedy this ugly
situation by making the task involved to be easy and effective thereby making
provision for accuracy and reliabilibity of the results.
More so, this work has the objective of correcting all the mistakes being
made while operating a manual made while operating a manual system of data
storage and retrieval including the delay encountered in retrieving the
information to work with.
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1.5
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The importance of this study to the hospital are as follows:i.
It will help to give nurses the elementary knowledge as how
computer can be used to store and retrieve.
ii.
The software developed will help to create and store database about
the patient. The database can be retrieved at any time by the users.
iii.
Adequate security is offered to the database stored to avoid
corruption by wrong users. This is done through the use of password
to project the database.
iv.
It is easy to obtain database or locate a particular patient in that
hospital by retrieving database concerning him from the system.
1.6
LIMITATIONS
The constraints that were highly against the study are:Financial predicement and inconsistency in the economic background of
the hospital.
Also lack of the needed materials and time given to accomplish the task
is another constraint which was highly against the study.
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1.7
DEFINITION OF TERMS
The following are some terms and phrases commonly used in this
project.
i.
Database: Is a collection of logically related files, organized in a
manner to satisfy the needs of an organization.
ii.
Data : are raw fact that are unprocessed.
iii.
Record: a set of data elements where have some logical relationship
in common.
iv.
Software; computer programs
v.
VDU:- Visual display unit
vi.
Reference file:- a file of relatively permanent date about the items or
persons concerned.
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