ATOMIC STRUCTURE WORKSHEET
Complete the table. There is enough information given for each element to determine all missing numbers.
Symbol
Atomic
Number
Mass
Number
Number
of
Protons
Number
of
Electrons
11
Na
39
K
12
19
38
40
53
50
12
108
47
1
32
S
Cr
12
47
1
16
26
Al
69
127
Mg
1
10
20
50
I
50
9
F
20
Number
of
Neutrons
26
13
27
2
4
52
2
24
Which atomic particle determines the identity of the atom?
30
Atomic Structure
(Use your notes to answer the following)
are the building block of all matter! Matter is anything that has
a
and takes up
.
All atoms are made up of smaller subatomic particles called 1
2
3
. Even though these particles are so
small that we can’t see them with our eyes, they still have masses called
units. Each particle has it own mass. For example protons and
neutrons have an AMU of
but electrons are 2000 x’s smaller so their
AMU is
. Every atom has an atomic number which tells you the number of
or
. Atoms also have an
, which tells you the number of neutrons and protons. The
cool thing about these subatomic particles is that they all have their own charge!
Protons have a
charge, Electrons have a
charge and since Neutrons are neutral, so they have
charge. Because of their
charges, these subatomic particles are only found in one of two areas in the atom.
and
are found in the nucleus while electrons are
found in the
.
Since all of the electrons are found in the electron cloud, it has a
overall charge. While all the protons and neutrons in the
give it a
positive overall charge.
In every atom, there are an equal number of protons and electrons, so the overall
charge of any atom on the periodic table is
. This is
because the
and
charges cancel each other
out!
Scientists use
models to help us understand an atom’s
structure. Bohr models are made up of a nucleus and rings, orbits or
.
Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom are called
.
These electrons are the most important electrons because they will determine if an atom
will bond or not! An atom can have a maximum of
shells. The first shell can
hold a maximum of
electrons, second shell
electrons, third shell
electrons,
fourth shell
electrons, fifth shell
electrons, sixth shell
electrons and the
seventh shell holds
electrons.
Atoms make up elements. Elements cam from distant
. Dmitri Mendeleev
first organized the elements on a chart which we now call the periodic table of
elements. They are arranged according to the atom’s
. The
periodic table itself is split up into two sections. The left side of the periodic table are
and the right side are the
.
The element’s atomic symbols that you see on the table are the abbreviations of their
Latin names.