EXPANSION OPTIONS FOR THE COMPAQ LTE Lite Family Date: May 1993 ========================================================================= == Desktop Expansion Base COMPAQ Enhanced COMPAQ QuickConnect QuickConnect ========================================================================= == 133600-001 142515-001 129518-001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Function/Benefit: Provides full Allows users to quickly Allows users to desktop capabilities and easily connect to quickly and easily to configure with external peripherals; connect to external a wide variety of includes support for peripherals in storage and expansion Ethernet and SCSI one step cards in one step -------------------------------------------------------------------------Internal Expansion Bays: 1 half-height, N/A N/A 1 third-height -------------------------------------------------------------------------Internal Expansion Slots: Two Full-Size 8/16 N/A N/A bit slots -------------------------------------------------------------------------I/O Interfaces Supported: Enhanced Keyboard Mouse External Storage Module Module Enhanced Parallel Serial External VGA Monitor Numeric Keypad Ethernet 16TP (10BaseT and AUI *) 6260 SCSI Enhanced Keyboard Mouse External Storage Enhanced Keyboard Enhanced Parallel Mouse Serial External Storage Module External VGA Monitor Enhanced Parallel Numeric Keypad Serial AC Adapter External VGA Monitor Numeric Keypad AC Adapter ========================================================================= == Desktop Expansion Base COMPAQ Enhanced COMPAQ QuickConnect QuickConnect ========================================================================= == Other Features: - Keylock secures PC to base - Cable lock secures base to desk - Monitor cover to support an external monitor - 98-pin expansion connector for quick attachment to notebook - 98-pin expansion connector for quick attachment to notebook - Single Thumbscrew design for easy securing to notebook - Two screws for securing to notebook - Ships with Adaptec 6260 - Separate power supply drivers and Intel with integrated AC Ethernet 16TP drivers Adapter to fast-charge battery -------------------------------------------------------------------------Power Supply: Operating Voltage: 100 - 120/220 - 240VAC N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Steady-State Power: 125 Watts Operating Current: 3/1.5 amps Frequency: 50 - 60 Hz N/A N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------Temperature Range: Operating: 50oF to 104oF degrees (10oC to 40oC degrees) degrees) 50oF to 104oF degrees (10oC to 40oC degrees) 50oF to 104oF degrees (10oC to 40oC -22oF to 140oF degrees -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC degrees) (-30oC to 60oC Non-operating: -22oF to 140oF degrees degrees (-30oC to 60oC degrees) degrees) ========================================================================= == Desktop Expansion Base COMPAQ Enhanced COMPAQ QuickConnect QuickConnect ========================================================================= == Dimensions: h x d x w 6.1 x 16.0 x 13.5 in 1.25 x 3.5 x 11.0 in 1.18 x 2.5 x 11.0 in (15.5 x 40.6 x 34.3 cm) (3.2 x 8 x 28 cm) (3.0 x 6.35 x 28 cm) -------------------------------------------------------------------------Weight: 19.3 lbs. 1.6 lbs. 1.0 lbs. (8.8 kg) (0.72 kg) (0.45 kg) --------------------------------------------------------------------------* An extra AC Adapter (142478-001), sold separately, is required to support the AUI connection. ========================================================================= === COMPAQ 6260 COMPAQ External COMPAQ External SCSI Adapter Storage Module Options Adapter ========================================================================= == 142516-001 - 16" cable 117079-005 124910-001 142519-001 - 25" cable -------------------------------------------------------------------------Function/Benefit: Allows users to connect one external SCSI device Allows users to connect one tape drive or diskette drive externally Allows users to connect both a mouse and an external keyboard at the same time as well as External Storage -------------------------------------------------------------------------Internal Expansion Bays: N/A One N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------Internal Expansion Slots: N/A N/A N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------I/O Interfaces Supported: Adaptec 6260 SCSI One Tape Drive or Diskette Drive Enhanced Keyboard Mouse External Storage Module -------------------------------------------------------------------------Other Features: - 50 pin SCSI II connector - Ships with Adaptec 6260 drivers Supports one of the following: - 98-pin expansion connector for quick attachment to - 5 1/4-inch 1.2 Megabyte notebook Diskette Drive - Supports a wide - 80/120 Megabyte Tape variety of SCSI Drive devices such as: CD-ROM drives, tape - 60 Megabyte Tape Drive drives, and hard drives ========================================================================= === COMPAQ 6260 COMPAQ External COMPAQ External SCSI Adapter Storage Module Options Adapter ========================================================================= == Power Supply: Operating Voltage: N/A 120/220 - 240 VAC N/A 8 Watts (27 Watts Peak) N/A 300 mA N/A Steady-State Power: N/A Operating Current: N/A Frequency: N/A 47 - 63 Hz N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------Temperature Range: Operating: 50oF to 104oF degrees (10oC to 40oC degrees) degrees) Non-operating: 50oF to 104oF degrees (10oC to 40oC degrees) 50oF to 104oF degrees (10oC to 40oC -4oF to 140oF degrees -22oF to 140oF degrees -22oF to 140oF degrees (-20oC to 60oC degrees) (-30oC to 60oC degrees) (-30oC to 60oC degrees) -------------------------------------------------------------------------Dimensions: h x d x w 0.08 x 3.8 x 2.6 inches 2.3 x 12.0 x 6.5 inches 2.5 x 2.0 x 1.0 inches (1.9 x 9.7 x 6.7 cm) (5.8 x 30.5 x 16.5 cm) (6.4 x 5.1 x 2.5 cm) -------------------------------------------------------------------------Weight: 1.0 lbs. 2.6 lbs. without 4 oz. storage device (0.45 kg) (1.2 kg without (113 grams) storage device) ========================================================================= == Compaq Laptops and Notebooks Video Specifications for DOS/Windows Publication Date: September 1995 Contura Aero VRAM: Controller: Driver: Vesa Compatible: 512 KB (a) SMOS 8108 VGA No ========================================================================= == Graphic Horizontal (kHz/ Modes Colors Vertical Sync (Hz) ========================================================================= == internal (4/25) 640 x 480 16(mono) N/A internal (4/33c) 640 x 480 16 N/A external 640 x 480 16 31.2/70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------a = Since the video chipset is a third party chipset it only uses 256K. The remaining 256K VRAM is used to support the pop-up feature when coming out of stand-by. ========================================================================= == LTE Elite/Contura 400 Family VRAM: Controller: Driver: Vesa Compatible: 1 MB WD90C24A2 WD Yes - SP1061 ========================================================================= == Graphic Horizontal (kHz/ Modes Colors Vertical Sync (Hz) ========================================================================= == internal 640 x 480 256/32K/64K N/A 800 x 600 (v) 256 N/A 1024 x 768 (v) 256 N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------external 640 x 480 16/256/32K/64K * 800 x 600 16/256 * 1024 x 768 16/256 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------v = Virtual Screen * = Other sync rates available with VGAMODE.EXE in C:\CPQDOS ========================================================================= == Concerto VRAM: Controller: Driver: Vesa Compatible: 1 MB (b) CIRRUS AVGA No ========================================================================= == Graphic Horizontal (kHz/ Modes Colors Vertical Sync (Hz) ========================================================================= == internal 640 x 480 16 (mono) N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------external 640 x 480 16/256 31.2/60 800 x 600 16 41.25/62.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------b = Supports only 512K ========================================================================= == Contura, LTE Lite 3/20 and LTE Lite 3/25 VRAM: Controller: Driver: Vesa Compatible: 256K AVGA AVGA Yes - SP0736 ========================================================================= == Graphic Horizontal (kHz/ Modes Colors Vertical Sync (Hz) ========================================================================= == internal 640 x 480 16 (mono) N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------external 640 x 480 16/256 31.5/60 800 x 600 16 38/60 ========================================================================= == Contura 4/25, LTE Lite 4/25, LTE Lite 3/25E, and LTE Lite 4/25E VRAM: Controller: Driver: Vesa Compatible: 512K AVGA AVGA Yes - SP0736 ========================================================================= == Graphic Horizontal (kHz/ Modes Colors Vertical Sync (Hz) ========================================================================= == internal 640 x 480 16 (mono) N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------external 640 x 480 16/256 30/70 800 x 600 16 38/60 ========================================================================= == Contura 3/25C and Contura 4/25C VRAM: Controller: Driver: Vesa Compatible: 512K AVGA AVGA Yes - SP0736 ========================================================================= == Graphic Horizontal (kHz/ Modes Colors Vertical Sync (Hz) ========================================================================= == internal 640 x 480 16 N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------external 640 x 480 16/256 30/70 800 x 600 16 38/60 ========================================================================= == LTE Lite 3/25C, LTE Lite 4/25C, LTE Lite 4/33C and Contura 4/25CX VRAM: Controller: Driver: Vesa Compatible: 512K AVGA AVGA Yes - SP0736 ========================================================================= == Graphic Horizontal (kHz/ Modes Colors Vertical Sync (Hz) ========================================================================= == internal 640 x 480 16/256 N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------external 640 x 480 16/256 30/70 800 x 600 16 38/60 ========================================================================= == Portable 486 (mono) VRAM: Controller: Driver: Vesa Compatible: 512K AVGA AVGA Yes - SP0736 ========================================================================= == Graphic Horizontal (kHz/ Modes Colors Vertical Sync (Hz) ========================================================================= == internal 640 x 480 16 (mono) N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------external 640 x 480 16/256 31.5/60 800 x 600 16 38/60 ========================================================================= == Portable 486C VRAM: Controller: Driver: Vesa Compatible: 512K AVGA AVGA Yes - SP0736 ========================================================================= == Graphic Horizontal (kHz/ Modes Colors Vertical Sync (Hz) ========================================================================= == internal 640 x 480 16/256 N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------external 640 x 480 16/256 31.5/60 800 x 600 16 38/60 ========================================================================= == LTE 5100/5200 VRAM: Controller: Driver: Vesa Compatible: 1 MB CL-GD7542 Cirrus Yes ========================================================================= == Graphic Horizontal (kHz/ Modes Colors Vertical Sync (Hz) ========================================================================= == internal 640 x 480 256/32K/64K N/A 800 x 600 256/32K/64K N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------external 640 x 480 256/32K/64K (c) 800 x 600 256/32K/64K (c) 1024 x 768 16/256 (c) 1280 x 1024 16 (c) ========================================================================= == LTE 5000 VRAM: Controller: Driver: Vesa Compatible: 1 MB CL-GD7542 Cirrus Yes ========================================================================= == Graphic Horizontal (kHz/ Modes Colors Vertical Sync (Hz) ========================================================================= == internal CSTN (including 800 x 600) 640 x 480 256/32K/64K N/A 800 x 600 256/32K/64K N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------external CSTN 640 x 480 256/32K/64K (c) 800 x 600 256/32K/64K (c) 1024 x 768 16/256 (c) 1280 x 1024 16 (c) -------------------------------------------------------------------------internal CTFT (including 800 x 600) 640 x 480 256/32K/64K/16M N/A 800 x 600 256/32K/64K N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------external CTFT 640 x 480 256/32K/64K/16M (c) 800 x 600 256/32K/64K (c) 1024 x 768 16/256 (c) 1280 x 1024 16 (c) -------------------------------------------------------------------------c = Other sync rates available with CLMODE.EXE or WINMODE.EXE in C:\WINDOWS\VGAUTIL ========================================================================= == NOTICE The information in this guide is subject to change without notice. Compaq Computer Corporation shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein; nor for incidental or consequential damages resulting from the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. This guide contains information protected by copyright. No part of this guide may be photocopied or reproduced in any form without prior written consent from Compaq Computer Corporation. Copyright 1992 Compaq Computer Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. COMPAQ, DESKPRO, LTE, FASTART Registered U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. EZ Help, EasyPoint, Maxlight, MultiLock and Power Smart are trademarks of Compaq Computer Corporation. The software described in this guide is furnished under a license agreement or nondisclosure agreement. The software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement. Product names mentioned herein may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective companies. MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE GUIDE COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers Second Edition (June 1992) First Edition (February 1992) Text Number 129978-002 PREFACE This MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE GUIDE is a troubleshooting guide that can be used for reference when servicing the COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Personal Computer. Additional information is available in the SOFTWARE SUPPORT MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE GUIDE and the TECHNICAL REFERENCE GUIDE. Compaq Computer Corporation reserves the right to make changes to the COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Personal Computer without notice. Symbols The following words and symbols mark special messages throughout this guide: >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> WARNING <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Text set off in this manner indicates that failure to follow directions in the warning could result in bodily harm or loss of life. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Text set off in this manner indicates that failure to follow directions could result in damage to equipment or loss of data. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << IMPORTANT: Text set off in this manner presents clarifying information or specific instructions. NOTE: Text set off in this manner represents commentary, sidelights, or interesting points of information. Technician Notes >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> WARNING <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Only authorized technicians trained by Compaq Computer Corporation should attempt to repair this equipment. All troubleshooting and repair procedures are detailed to allow only subassembly/module level repair. Because of the complexity of the individual boards and subassemblies, no one should attempt to make repairs at the component level or to make modifications to any printed wiring board. Improper repairs can create a safety hazard. Any indication of component replacement or printed wiring board modifications may void any warranty or exchange allowances. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << Locating Additional Information o USER'S GUIDE o TECHNICAL REFERENCE GUIDE o SUPPORT SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE GUIDE o OPTIONS AND PERIPHERALS MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE GUIDE o COMPAQ SERVICE QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE o Service Training Guides o COMPAQ SERVICE ADVISORIES AND BULLETINS o COMPAQ QuickFind 1.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter provides illustrated parts breakdowns and identifies the spare parts for the standard features of the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 1-1. COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Personal Computer ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 1-2. Personal Computers COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 and COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 1.1 ILLUSTRATED PARTS BREAKDOWN System Unit ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 1-3. System Unit Table 1-1. System Unit ========================================================================= == Description Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------1. System Module (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C) 138319-001 (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25) 129892-001 (COMPAQ LTE Lite/20) 129971-001 2. CPU Base Enclosure 129926-001 3. Auxiliary Battery 129898-001 4. Power Supply (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C only) Power Supply 138317-001 129895-001 6. System Unit Cover 129925-001 * 7. Display Enclosure 129923-001 * 8. NiCd Battery Pack 129948-001 * 9. NiMH Battery Pack 129894-001 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Not shown. ========================================================================= == Table 1-2. Active Matrix Color VGA Display ========================================================================= == Description Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Display Bezel 138327-001 2. Display Panel Assembly 138323-001 3. Cable Harness (Backlight) 138333-001 4. Display Inverter Board 138322-001 5. Trackball Kit 138340-001 6. Display Enclosure 138324-001 ========================================================================= == ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 1-4. Active Matrix Color VGA Display Table 1-3. VGA Maxlight Liquid Crystal Display ========================================================================= == Description Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Display Bezel 129924-001 2. LCD Panel 129906-001 3. Backlight 136774-001 4. Display Inverter Board 129739-001 5. Display Enclosure 129923-001 ========================================================================= == ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 1-5. VGA Maxlight Liquid Crystal Display ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 1-6. Mass Storage Devices Table 1-4. Mass Storage Devices (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25) ========================================================================= == Description Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------1. 120-Megabyte Hard Drive 129981-001 2. 84-Megabyte Hard Drive 139390-001 3. 60-Megabyte Hard Drive 129984-001 * 4. 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-Megabyte Diskette Drive 129900-001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Not available for the COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Personal Computer. ========================================================================= == Table 1-5. Mass Storage Devices (COMPAQ LTE Lite/20) ========================================================================= == Description Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. 84-Megabyte Hard Drive 139390-001 2. 60-Megabyte Hard Drive 129984-001 3. 40-Megabyte Hard Drive 129902-001 4. 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-Megabyte Diskette Drive 129900-001 ========================================================================= == ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 1-7. Cables Table 1-6. Miscellaneous Cables (Kits) ========================================================================= == Description Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Diskette Drive Cable 129940-001 2. Hard Drive/Speaker Cable 126373-001 3. Display Flex Cable 126372-001 4. Display Ground Cable (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C, Lite/25 and Lite/20) 138331-001 * Display Cable (COMPAQ 138326-001 * 5. LTE Lite/25C) 6. Cable Harness (Backlight) 138333-001 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Not shown. ========================================================================= == ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 1-8. Display Cable Layout Diagram COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Personal Computer ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 1-9. COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 and COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 Personal Computers Display Flex Cable Layout Diagram ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 1-10. System Module Table 1-7. COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers System Module Connectors ========================================================================= == 1. Internal Keyboard Connector 2. LCD Connector 3. Hard Drive/Speaker Cable Connector 4. Diskette Drive Connector 5. Clock/Calendar Battery 6. Coprocessor Socket 7. Serial Connector 8. Parallel Connector 9. VGA Monitor Connector 10. External Options/Desktop Expansion Base Connector 11. External Numeric Keypad Connector 12. Pointing Device (Mouse)/External Keyboard Connector 13. System Power Connector ========================================================================= == Table 1-8. System Module Assemblies ========================================================================= == Description Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------System Module (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C) 138319-001 * System Module (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25) 129892-001 * System Module (COMPAQ LTE Lite/20) 129971-001 * Power Supply (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C) 138317-001 * Power Supply 129895-001 * Display Inverter Board (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C) 138320-001 * Display Inverter Board 129739-001 * ROMPaq Diskette 129899-001 * Auxiliary Battery 129898-001 * Clock/Calendar Battery 129907-001 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Not shown. ========================================================================= == ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 1-11. AC Adapter Table 1-9. AC Adapter ========================================================================= == Description Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------1. AC Adapter 129827-001 2. Power Cord (U.S./Canada) 121258-001 3. Power Cord (U.K.) 119176-001 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Not shown. ========================================================================= == Table 1-10. Auto Adapter ========================================================================= == Description Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------Auto Adapter 129816-001 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Not shown. ========================================================================= == ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 1-12. Keyboard Table 1-11. Keyboards ========================================================================= == Description Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------1. U.S. English 129903-001 2. U.K. English 129904-001 * 3. German 129905-001 * 4. French 129908-001 * 5. Italian 129909-001 * 6. Spanish 129910-001 * 7. Danish 129911-001 * 8. Norwegian 129912-001 * 9. Swedish/Finnish 129913-001 * 10. Swiss 129914-001 * 11. French Canadian 129915-001 * 12. Belgian 129920-001 * 13. Portuguese 129916-001 * 14. Greek 129918-001 * 15. Latin American 129919-001 * 16. Turkish 129917-001 * 17. Japanese 129522-019 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Not shown. ========================================================================= == Table 1-12. Spare Parts List ========================================================================= == Description Spare Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------System Unit: System Unit Cover 129925-001 CPU Base Enclosure 129926-001 Power Supply (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C) 138317-001 (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25) (COMPAQ LTE Lite/20) 129895-001 NiCd Battery Pack 129948-001 NiMH Battery Pack 129894-001 Auxiliary Battery 129898-001 VGA Maxlight Liquid Crystal Display: Display Bezel LCD Panel Display Enclosure Display Inverter Board 129924-001 129906-001 129923-001 129739-001 Active Matrix Color VGA Display: Display Panel Assembly Display Bezel Display Inverter Board Display Inverter Cable Display Enclosure 138323-001 138327-001 138320-001 138333-001 138324-001 EasyPoint Trackball: Trackball Kit (includes trackball & removal tool) 138340-001 Mass Storage Devices: 120-Megabyte Hard Drive 84-Megabyte Hard Drive 60-Megabyte Hard Drive 40-Megabyte Hard Drive 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-Megabyte Diskette Drive 129981-001 139390-001 129984-001 129902-001 129900-001 Miscellaneous Cables: Diskette Drive Cable Hard Drive/Speaker/LED Cable Display Flex Cable Display Ground Cable (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C) Display Cable (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C) 129940-001 126373-001 126372-001 138331-001 138326-001 System Module Assemblies: System Module (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C) 138319-001 (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25) 129892-001 (COMPAQ LTE Lite/20) 129971-001 Power Supply (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C) 138317-001 Internal Power Supply 129895-001 Display Inverter Board 129739-001 ROMPaq Diskette 129899-001 Keyboard Controller 140068-001 Clock/Calendar Battery 129907-001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Description Spare Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------Coprocessor: 80387SX 136775-001 80387SL 139344-001 Memory Options: 2-Megabyte Memory Card 4-Megabyte Memory Card 8-Megabyte Memory Card 16-Megabyte Memory Card 129937-001 129947-001 129938-001 138343-001 AC Adapter: AC Adapter Power Cord (U.S./Canada) Power Cord (U.K.) 129827-001 121258-001 119176-001 Automobile Adapter: Auto Adapter 129816-001 Keyboards: U.S. English U.K. English German 129903-001 129904-001 129905-001 French Italian Spanish Danish Norwegian Swedish/Finnish Swiss French Canadian Belgian Portuguese Greek Latin American Turkish Japanese 129908-001 129909-001 129910-001 129911-001 129912-001 129913-001 129914-001 129915-001 129920-001 129916-001 129918-001 129919-001 129917-001 129522-019 Documentation: MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE GUIDE 129932-001 SUPPORT SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE GUIDE 120576-003 COMPAQ LTE Lite Family User's Guide 138344-00 COMPAQ Service Quick Reference Guide 107315-015 ========================================================================= == Table 1-13. Miscellaneous Kits (Plastics) ========================================================================= == Description Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------Slide Volume Knob 139348-001 Rubber Foot Display 139349-001 CPU Rubber Foot 139350-001 Option Access Panel 139351-001 I/O Connector (Cover Assembly) 139352-001 ========================================================================= == Table 1-14. Miscellaneous Kits (Hardware) ========================================================================= == Description Part Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------Left Clutch 129701-001 Right Clutch 129702-001 Left/Right Clutches (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C) 138328-001 Inverter Board Cap 139353-001 Spring Latch 139354-001 Left Latch 129706-001 Right Latch 129708-001 Display Cable Ground Screw (25 Screws) 139391-001 ========================================================================= == 2.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter provides subassembly/module level removal and replacement procedures for the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers. After completing all necessary removal and replacement procedures, run the Diagnostics program to verify that all components operate properly. 2.1 ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE INFORMATION A sudden discharge of static electricity from a finger or other conductor can destroy static-sensitive devices or microcircuitry. Often the spark is neither felt nor heard, but damage occurs. An electronic device exposed to electrostatic discharge (ESD) may not be affected at all and will work perfectly throughout a normal cycle. Or it may function normally for awhile and then degrade in the internal layers, reducing its life expectancy. Networks built into many integrated circuits provide some protection, but in many cases, the discharge contains enough power to alter device parameters or melt silicon junctions. Generating Static Table 2-1 shows how different methods generate static electricity and at different electrostatic voltage levels. Table 2-1. Typical Electrostatic Voltages ========================================================================= == Relative Humidity Event 10% 40% 55% -------------------------------------------------------------------------Walking across carpet 35,000 V 15,000 V 7,500 V Walking across vinyl floor 12,000 V 5,000 V 3,000 V Motions of bench worker 6,000 V 800 V 400 V Removing DIPs from plastic tubes 2,000 V 700 V 400 V Removing DIPs from vinyl trays 11,500 V 4,000 V 2,000 V Removing DIPs from styrofoam 14,500 V 5,000 V 3,500 V Removing bubble pack from PCBs 26,000 V 20,000 V 7,000 V Packing PCBs in foam-lined box 21,000 V 11,000 V 5,000 V -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE: 700 volts can degrade a product. ========================================================================= == Preventing Electrostatic Damage to Equipment Many electronic components are sensitive to ESD. Circuitry design and structure determine the degree of sensitivity. Proper packaging and grounding precautions are necessary to prevent damage. o To avoid hand contact, transport products in static-safe containers such as tubes, bags, or boxes. o Protect all electrostatic parts and assemblies with conductive or approved containers or packaging. o Keep electrostatic sensitive parts in their containers until they arrive at static-free stations. o Place items on a grounded surface before removing them from their container. o Always be properly grounded when touching a sensitive component or assembly. o Place reusable electrostatic-sensitive parts from assemblies in protective packaging or conductive foam. Use transporters and conveyors made of antistatic belts and metal roller bushings. Mechanized equipment used for moving materials must be wired to ground and proper materials selected to avoid static charging. When grounding is not possible, use an ionizer to dissipate electric charges. Preventing Damage to Drives To prevent static damage to diskette drives and hard drives, handle drives gently and perform the following static-guarding techniques: o Handle drives gently, using static-guarding techniques. o Store them in the original shipping containers. o Avoid dropping them from any height onto any surface. o Handle drives on surfaces which have at least one inch of shock-proof foam. o Always place drives PCB assembly side down on the foam. Grounding Methods The method for grounding must include either a wrist strap or a foot strap at a grounded workstation. When seated, wear a wrist strap connected to a grounded system. When standing, use footstraps and a grounded floor mat. Table 2-2 lists different antistatic materials and their shielding protection levels. Table 2-2. Static-Shielding Protection Levels ========================================================================= == Method Voltages -------------------------------------------------------------------------Antistatic plastic 1,500 Carbon-loaded plastic 7,500 Metallized laminate 15,000 ========================================================================= == Grounding Workstations o Cover workstations with approved static dissipative material. Provide a wrist strap connected to work surface and properly grounded tools and equipment. o Use static dissipative mats, heel straps, or air ionizers to give added protection. o Handle electrostatic sensitive components, parts, and assemblies by the case or PCB laminate. Handle them only at static-free workstations. o Avoid contact with pins, leads, or circuitry. o Turn off power and input signals before inserting and removing connectors or test equipment. o Use fixtures made of static-safe materials when fixtures must directly contact dissipative surfaces. o Keep work area free of non-conductive materials such as ordinary plastic assembly aids and styrofoam. o Use field service tools, such as cutters, screwdrivers, vacuums, that are conductive. o Use a portable field service kit with a static dissipative vinyl pouch that folds out to a work mat. Also use a wrist strap and a ground cord for the work surface. Ground the cord to the chassis of the equipment undergoing test or repair. Grounding Equipment Use the following equipment to prevent static electricity damage to equipment: Wrist Straps are flexible straps with a minimum of 1 megohm +/- 10% resistance in the ground cords. To provide proper ground, a strap must be worn snug against the skin. On grounded mats without banana plug connectors, connect a wrist strap with alligator clips. Heelstraps/Toestraps/Bootstraps can be used at standing workstations and are compatible with most types of shoes or boots. On conductive floors or dissipative floor mats, use them on both feet with a minimum of 1 megohm resistance between operator and ground. To be effective, the conductive strips must be worn in contact with the skin. Recommended Materials and Equipment Other materials and equipment that are recommended for use in preventing static electricity include: o Antistatic tape o Antistatic smocks, aprons or sleeve protectors o Conductive bins and other assembly or soldering aids o Conductive foam o Conductive table-top workstations with ground cord of 1 megohm resistance o Static dissipative table or floor mats with hard tie to ground o Field service kits o Static awareness labels o Wrist straps and footwear straps providing 1 megohm +/- 10% resistance o Material handling packages -Conductive plastic bags -Conductive plastic tubes -Conductive tote boxes -Metal tote boxes -Opaque shielding bags -Transparent metallized shielding bag -Transparent shielding tubes 2.2 SERVICE CONSIDERATIONS The COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers differ from other COMPAQ products. Listed below are some of the considerations that should be kept in mind during the disassembly and assembly of these units. Tools and Software Requirements To service the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers, you need the following: o Torx screwdriver, size T-8 o Flat-bladed screwdriver o JIS screwdriver, sizes JIS-0, JIS-1 o Phillips screwdriver, sizes P-0, P-1 o Modem terminating plug o Diagnostics software o Formatted scratch diskettes o COMPAQ 5-in-1 Service Tool, spare part number 130619-001 o COMPAQ Case Utility Tool, spare part number 119070-001 Screws The screws used in these products are not interchangeable. If an incorrect screw is used during the reassembly process, it could cause damage to the unit. Compaq strongly recommends that all screws removed during disassembly be kept with the part that was removed, then returned to their proper locations. IMPORTANT: As each subassembly is removed from the computer, it should be placed away from the work area to prevent inadvertent damage. Cables and Connectors Most cables used throughout the unit are ribbon cables and flex cables (Figure 2-1). These cables must be handled with extreme care to avoid damage. Apply only that tension required to seat or unseat the cables during insertion or removal from the connector. Handle cables by the connector or pull tabs whenever possible. In all cases avoid bending, twisting, or tearing the cables, and ensure that cables are placed such that they cannot be caught or snagged by parts being removed or replaced. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< The ribbon cables are folded to ensure proper placement during assembly. When servicing these units ensure that cables are placed in their proper location during the reassembly process. Improper cable placement can cause severe damage to the unit. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-1. ZIF Connectors and Cables Plastics The plastics used throughout the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers can be damaged by the use of excessive force during disassembly and reassembly. When handling the plastic cases and housing assemblies, use care. Do not use screwdrivers or similar tools to pry apart plastics. Where necessary, use the case utility tool (spare part number 119070-001). Proper handling of this tool is illustrated in the appropriate disassembly and reassembly procedures. 2.3 DISASSEMBLY/ASSEMBLY SEQUENCE CHART This section provides instructions for removing and replacing these components: 2.4 2.5 PREPARATION PROCEDURES |---BATTERY PACK 2.6 2.7 |---SYSTEM UNIT COVER | |--REAR CONNECTOR COVER |---ACTIVE MATRIX COLOR VGA DISPLAY |---|___Display Bezel | |___LCD Panel | |___Display Inverter Board | |___EasyPoint Trackball |---VGA MAXLIGHT LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY |---|___Display Bezel | |___LCD Panel | |___Backlight | |___Display Inverter Board |---KEYBOARD |---DISKETTE DRIVE |---HARD DRIVE |---SYSTEM MODULE |---COPROCESSOR AND REAL-TIME BATTERY |---POWER SUPPLY |---AUXILIARY BATTERY 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.4 PREPARATION PROCEDURES Before beginning the removal and replacement procedures, complete the following steps: 1. Turn off the computer. 2. Disconnect all external devices (printer, monitor, and other devices) from the computer. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< The system unit power should be off before any cables are connected or disconnected. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << 3. Disconnect the AC power cord from the AC outlet, then from the system unit (Figure 2-2). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-2. 4. Disconnecting the AC Power Lower the display to the latched position (Figure 2-3). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-3. Closing the Computer >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Static electricity can damage the CMOS components. Be sure that you are properly grounded before performing any of the following procedures. Screws in these systems are not interchangeable. As you remove screws, place them with the component you removed. Damage may occur if you insert these screws in the wrong place. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << 2.5 BATTERY PACK To remove an installed battery pack, complete the following steps: 1. Press in on the battery pack. At the same time, press the battery release button on the left side of the computer; then release the battery pack (Figure 2-4). The battery pack springs outward. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-4. 2. Releasing the Battery Pack Remove the battery pack (Figure 2-5). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-5. Removing the Battery Pack >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Metal objects can damage the battery pack as well as the connectors in the compartment. To prevent damage, do not let metal objects touch any of the connectors. Do not place any objects other than the battery pack or battery replica in the battery compartment. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << To replace the battery pack, complete the following steps: 1. Insert the battery pack, with the battery contacts facing to the inside of the battery compartment. 2. Push firmly on the battery pack. When released, it locks into place. Disposal of a Used Battery Pack Battery components are considered environmentally harmful. Disposal of either a Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) or a Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) battery pack should comply with country, state, province, or local regulations. Whenever possible battery components should be recycled. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Never attempt to open or service a battery pack. Opening a battery pack not only damages the pack and makes it unusable, but also exposes potentially harmful battery components. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << 2.6 SYSTEM UNIT COVER To remove the system unit cover, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the battery pack (Section 2.5). 2. Rotate the display to the fully open position. 3. Remove the option bezel (Figure 2-6). 4. Loosen the rear snaps with the case utility tool (Figure 2-6). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-6. Rear Snaps Removing the Option Bezel and Locating the 5. Grasp the system unit cover above the option area. Lift up on the system unit cover and pry open the snaps in front of the option area. Pull the system unit cover off of the CPU base (Figure 2-7). 6. Remove the battery latch actuator. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-7. Computer Removing the System Unit Cover from the To replace the system unit cover, complete the following steps: 1. Rotate the display to the fully open position (Figure 2-8). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-8. 2. Position the battery latch actuator (Figure 2-9). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-9. 3. Rotating the Display to the Open Position Replacing the System Unit Cover Engage the cover's front snaps to the base (Figure 2-9). 4. Snap the system unit cover into place (Figure 2-9). (Replace the option bezel by inserting it with arrows pointing up. The arrows are located on the inside of the option bezel.) NOTE: Be sure that all four snaps are engaged into the CPU base. 2.7 ACTIVE MATRIX COLOR VGA DISPLAY To remove the Active Matrix Color VGA Display, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the system unit cover. (To remove the system unit cover, refer to Section 2.6.) 2. Using a Torx T-8, remove the cable screw securing the display cable and ground wire (Figure 2-10). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-10. LIF Connectors Removing the Cable Screw and Unlocking the >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Cables in this unit are fragile and can easily tear. Be careful when disconnecting or reconnecting them. Mishandling the cables can result in irreparable damage to the computer. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << 3. to Using the case utility tool, carefully lift up on the LIF connector release the cable; then disconnect the display cable from the system module (Figure 2-10). IMPORTANT: The display cable is coiled to accommodate the rotation of the display. When this cable is reinstalled, it must be reinserted with the exact number of coils. 4. Using a Torx T-8 screwdriver, remove the four screws that secure the display clutches (Figure 2-11). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-11. 5. Removing the Rear Connector Panel Lift the display out of the computer (Figure 2-12). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-12. Lifting the Display Panel To replace the display panel assembly, complete the following steps: 1. Position the display panel by aligning the display clutches with the CPU base (Figure 2-13). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-13. Aligning the Display Panel 2. Replace the four screws securing the display panel to the CPU base. 3. Reconnect the display cable and ground wire to the system module. 4. Replace the display cable screw, securing the display cable wire and ground wire, and press down to lock the LIF connector. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< When reconnecting the ground wire, be sure that it is placed on top of the display cable. If it is not properly reinstalled, irreparable damage to the computer may occur. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << Display Bezel To remove the display bezel, complete the following step: 1. Remove the display assembly (Section 2.7). 2. Remove the two screw covers at the top of the display (Figure 2-14). 3. of Using a JIS-0 screwdriver, remove the two screws located at the top the display panel (Figure 2-14). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-14. 4. Removing the Screws Remove the display bezel from the display panel by gently pulling the bezel frame from the inside and working from the bottom up (Figure 2-15). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-15. Removing the Display Bezel NOTE: When replacing the display bezel, remove the slide knobs from the display bezel by squeezing the tabs on the underside of the bezel and popping the knobs out. Then replace the bezel and insert the slide actuators, ensuring that they are properly aligned. Liquid Crystal Display Panel To remove the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) panel, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the display bezel. 2. Tilt the display assembly until it is flat (Figure 2-16). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-16. Positioning the LCD Panel 3. Using a JIS-1 screwdriver, remove the four screws that secure the LCD panel. 4. Lift the LCD panel out of the display enclosure and unplug the two display cables (Figure 2-17). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-17. 5. Lift the LCD panel out of the display enclosure. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-18. 6. Removing the Two Display Cables Removing the LCD Panel Disconnect the four LIF connectors that secure the backlights (Figure 2-19). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-19. Disconnecting the Four LIF Connectors NOTE: When replacing the LCD panel, be sure to insert the terminal lug before you connect the ground cable (attached to the trackball) to the LCD panel (Figure 2-20). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-20. Replacing the Terminal Lug Display Inverter Board To remove the display inverter board, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the display bezel and LCD panel. 2. Remove the power supply harness (Figure 2-21). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-21. 3. Using a JIS-0 screwdriver, remove the two screws that secure the display inverter board (Figure 2-22). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-22. 4. Removing the Power Supply Harness Removing the Display Inverter Board Screw Disconnect the display cable from the inverter board (Figure 2-23). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-23. Removing the Display Cable EasyPoint Trackball NOTE: Under normal circumstances, wipe the case and trackball with a dry soft cloth. If the cursor begins to skip or move abnormally, remove and clean the trackball. To clean the trackball, complete the following steps: 1. Turn off the computer. 2. Tilt the display assembly until it is flat. 3. Place the removal tool over the retaining ring, and turn it counter clockwise one quarter-inch (Figure 2-24). This loosens the retaining ring. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-24. 4. Removing the Trackball for Cleaning Remove the retaining ring (Figure 2-25). (If the copper gasket comes off with the retaining ring, return it its original position.) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-25. Removing the Retaining Ring 5. Remove the ball from the ball cage by tilting the display forward so that the ball falls out into your hand. 6. Clean the ball with tap water. Dry it with a lint-free cloth. 7. up Remove the dust from the ball cage by blowing into it. Remove build- accumulated on the rollers or tracking posts with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol. To replace the trackball back into the ball cage, complete the following steps: 1. Put the ball back into the ball cage. 2. Replace the retaining ring by aligning the notches; then use the removal tool to turn it clockwise one quarter turn until it snaps into place. To remove the trackball and its connector, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the trackball. 2. Remove the display assembly, LCD panel, and inverter board. 3. Using a JIS-0 screwdriver, remove two screws that secure the trackball connector (Figure 2-26). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-26. 4. Removing the Trackball Screws Disconnect the trackball connector (Figure 2-27). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-27. Removing the Trackball Connector To replace the trackball and its connector, reverse the previous steps. 2.8 VGA MAXLIGHT LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY To remove the Maxlight Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), complete the following steps: 1. Remove the system unit cover. (To remove the system unit cover, refer to Section 2.6.) 2. Using a Torx T-8, remove the cable ground screw securing the display cable and ground wire (Figure 2-28). >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Cables in this unit are fragile and can easily tear. Be careful when disconnecting or reconnecting them. Mishandling the cables can result in irreparable damage to the computer. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-28. Unlocking the ZIF Connector Removing the Cable Ground Screw and >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< When removing or inserting cables with ZIF (zero insertion force) connectors, do not pull, twist, or apply tension to cables. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << 3. to Using the case utility tool, carefully lift up on the ZIF connector release the cable; then disconnect the display cable from the system module (Figure 2-28). IMPORTANT: The display cable is coiled to accommodate the rotation of the display. When this cable is reinstalled, it must be reinserted with the exact number of coils. 4. Using a Torx T-8 screwdriver, remove the four screws that secure the display clutches (Figure 2-29). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-29. 5. Removing the Rear Connector Cover Lift the display out of the computer (Figure 2-30). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-30. Lifting Out the Display Panel To replace the display panel assembly, complete the following steps: 1. Position the display panel by aligning the display clutches with the CPU base (Figure 2-31). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-31. Aligning the Display Panel 2. Replace the four screws securing the display panel to the CPU base. 3. Reconnect the display cable and ground wire to the system module. 4. Replace the display cable screw, securing the display cable wire and ground wire, and press down to lock the ZIF connector. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< When reconnecting the ground wire, be sure that it is placed on top of the display cable. If it is not properly reinstalled, irreparable damage to the computer may occur. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << Display Bezel To remove the display bezel, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the display assembly (Section 2.8). 2. Remove the two screw covers at the top of the display (Figure 2-32). 3. Using a Phillips P-0 screwdriver, remove the two screws located at the top of the display panel (Figure 2-32). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-32. Removing the Two Screw Covers >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Handle the display panel carefully. Pressure should be applied equally to both sides when it is being lifted. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << 4. Remove the display bezel from the display panel by gently pulling the bezel frame and working from the bottom up (Figure 2-33). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-33. Removing the Display Bezel NOTE: When replacing the display bezel, remove the slide knobs from the display bezel by squeezing the tabs on the underside of the bezel and popping the knobs out. Then replace the bezel and insert the slide actuators, ensuring that they are properly aligned. Maxlight Liquid Crystal Display Panel To remove the Maxlight Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) panel, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the display bezel. 2. Remove the two screws that secure the display mounting tabs to the clutches (Figure 2-34). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-34. 3. Remove the nine screws that secure the LCD panel (Figure 2-35). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-35. 4. Removing the Nine Screws Rotate the LCD panel out of the display enclosure (Figure 2-36). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-36. 5. Removing the Two Screws Removing the LCD Panel Using the case utility tool, pull out on the ZIF connector to release it; then disconnect the display cable (Figure 2-37). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-37. Disconnecting the LCD Display Cable Backlight Panel To remove the backlight panel, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the display bezel. 2. Remove the display panel (Section 2.8). 3. Disconnect the backlight cable from the display inverter board (Figure 2-38). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-38. 4. Disconnecting the Backlight Cable Lift the backlight out of the display enclosure (Figure 2-39). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-39. Removing the Backlight Display Inverter Board To remove the display inverter board, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the display bezel, etc. 2. Using a Phillips P-0 screwdriver, remove the display cable screw securing the ground cap, cable tab, and display inverter board (Figure 2-40). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-40. Removing the Display Cable Screw 3. Pull out on the display inverter board ZIF connector to disconnect the cable (Figure 2-41). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-41. ZIF Connector 4. Disconnecting the Display Inverter Board Lift the display inverter board out of the display enclosure (Figure 2-42). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-42. Removing the Display Inverter Board To reassemble the display, reverse the previous steps. NOTE: When replacing the display inverter board, ensure that the board is properly seated and aligned with the alignment posts in the upper-right and lower-left corners of the board. IMPORTANT: When reassembling the display, insert the upper-left screw first; then, insert the bottom-right screw for proper alignment of the display. The other seven screws can then be reinserted. Latches To remove and replace the latch from either side of the display enclosure, complete the following steps: NOTE: The latches, including the springs, are designated left and right parts. The latches used on the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers are labeled L (left) and R (right). When removing the latches, keep the left parts and right parts separate to ease replacement. 1. Remove the display bezel. Refer to the "Display Bezel" section. 2. Remove the slide knobs by pressing the latch retainers from inside of the display enclosure (Figure 2-43). 3. Remove the latches and springs (Figure 2-43). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-43. Springs, and Slide Knobs Locating the Display Panel Latches, To replace the latches, follow these steps: 1. Position the latch and spring. 2. Snap in the right and left slide knobs. 2.9 KEYBOARD To remove the keyboard, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the system unit cover. 2. to Using the case utility tool, carefully lift up on the ZIF connector release the cable; then disconnect the keyboard cable from the system module (Figure 2-44). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-44. Removing the Keyboard Cable 3. Using a Torx T-8 screwdriver, remove the eight screws that secure the keyboard in place (Figure 2-45). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-45. 4. Removing the Keyboard Screws Carefully lift the keyboard out of the computer (Figure 2-45). 2.10 DISKETTE DRIVE To remove the diskette drive, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the keyboard (Section 2.9). 2. Disconnect the diskette drive cable from the ZIF connector located on top of the system module (Figure 2-46). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-46. Connector 3. Removing the Diskette Drive Cable and ZIF Carefully lift the diskette drive out of the CPU base (Figure 2-47). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-47. Removing the Diskette Drive To replace the diskette drive, reverse the previous steps. 2.11 HARD DRIVE To remove the hard drive, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the keyboard (Section 2.9). 2. Pulling up on the pull tab, gently disconnect the hard drive/speaker cable from the system module (Figure 2-48). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-48. 3. Disconnecting the Hard Drive/Speaker Cable Lift the hard drive and cable out of the CPU base (Figure 2-49). IMPORTANT: Be careful not to damage or tear the speaker cable. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-49. Removing the Hard Drive To replace the hard drive, reverse the previous steps. NOTE: Be sure to properly position the speaker in its recess in the CPU base. 2.12 SYSTEM MODULE The system module contains the system boards, power supply, option slots, and auxiliary battery. After the keyboard, display panel assembly, battery pack, hard drive, and diskette drive are removed, the system module can then be rotated up at the front and lifted out of the computer (Figure 2-50). It should be removed completely from the computer. IMPORTANT: When reinstalling the system module, begin with the back of the module, ensuring proper engagement of the two tabs in the CPU base and the alignment groove close to the expansion connector. Then rotate the front of the system module down. Ensure proper positioning of the system module before reassembling the system. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-50. Removing the System Module 2.13 COPROCESSOR AND REAL-TIME BATTERY The coprocessor socket is located on the system board (Figure 2-51). It is visible through an opening in the bottom of the system module. Without disassembling the system module, the real-time battery can also be replaced through the opening in the bottom of the system module (Figure 2-51). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-51. Coprocessor Socket Do not remove the screws on the system module. It has been designed so that the coprocessor can be installed through the opening on the bottom. Refer to the Coprocessor Installation Guide for more information about the 80387SX or 387SL Coprocessors used on the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers. The following procedures provide instructions for removing a coprocessor from the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers. These computers are structurally similar and the procedure is the same for both. 1. Remove the battery pack (Section 2.5). 2. Remove the CPU cover (Section 2.6). 3. Remove the display assembly (Section 2.7 or 2.8). 4. Remove the keyboard (Section 2.9). 5. Remove the diskette drive (Section 2.10). 6. Remove the hard drive (Section 2.11). 7. Remove the system module (Section 2.12). NOTE: When you remove each subassembly, remove it from the work area to prevent damage. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage electronic components. Ensure that you are properly grounded before beginning these procedures. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << Installation To install the coprocessor in the COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C, COMPAQ LTE Lite/25, or COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 Personal Computers, follow these steps: 1. Position the coprocessor and the socket so that the beveled or notched edges are properly aligned (Figure 2-52). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-52. Aligning the 80387SX or 387SL Coprocessors >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Be sure to align the coprocessor over the pin. An incorrectly aligned coprocessor may damage either itself or the computer. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << 2. Press the coprocessor into the coprocessor socket. Exert pressure evenly over the surface of the coprocessor. An unevenly seated coprocessor (or one with pins bent) may damage itself or the computer (Figure 2-53). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-53. Coprocessors Installing the 80387SX or 387SL NOTE: This coprocessor does not require switch or jumper adjustments. Configuration of the coprocessor is handled through the SETUP program. To reassemble the computer, reverse the previous steps. IMPORTANT: After reassembling the unit, you must run the SETUP program to make the coprocessor operable and to clear the error message that adding the coprocessor will generate. Running SETUP and TEST The following procedures provide some instructions for running the SETUP and TEST programs. Using the ROM-Based SETUP The COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers feature a ROM-based SETUP that allows you to do this during your normal booting procedures. After the memory check has run, you will hear a double beep as the cursor moves to the upper-right corner of the screen. Immediately press the F10 key. The menus will guide you through the procedure. Complete instructions for accessing the internal SETUP feature are included in the documentation set that came with your computer. Using the Diagnostics Utilities You will use two Diagnostics programs: SETUP and TEST. Use external AC power during these procedures. A low battery condition could initiate Standby and interrupt the program. For more information about the SETUP and TEST programs, refer to the COMPAQ LTE Lite Reference Guide. 2.14 POWER SUPPLY To remove the power supply, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the system module. (To remove the system module, refer to the previous steps.) 2. Using a Torx T-8 screwdriver, remove the three screws that secure the chassis end cap to the system module (Figure 2-54). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-54. 3. The Power Supply Remove the chassis end cap. 4. Slide open the actuator on the ZIF connector which secures the power supply to the I/O board (Figure 2-54). 5. Slowly pull the white tab underneath the power supply. The pull tab moves the power supply about one inch. IMPORTANT: Be sure that the cable disconnects from its ZIF connector as the power supply is ejected from the system module. 6. Remove the power supply by grasping its edges (Figure 2-55). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-55. 7. Removing the Power Supply Using a Torx T-8 screwdriver, remove the screw securing the option mounting bracket (Figure 2-56). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-56. Releasing the Option Mounting Bracket To replace the power supply, reverse the previous steps. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< When replacing the power supply cable, ensure that the cable is straight and not pinched. Improper cable placement can cause severe damage to the unit. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << IMPORTANT: When replacing the power supply and chassis end cap, be sure that the pull tab is properly positioned so that it will continue to assist with subsequent removal of the power supply. 2.15 AUXILIARY BATTERY >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Before touching the auxiliary battery, ensure that you are discharged of static electricity by touching a grounded metal object. Do not use a metal tool or stylus to remove the auxiliary battery. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << To remove the auxiliary battery, complete the following steps: 1. Remove the system module. (To remove system module, refer to the previous steps.) 2. Using a Torx T-8 screwdriver, remove two short screws and four long screws from the system module cover (Figure 2-57). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-57. Opening the System Module >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Damage may occur if you insert these long screws in the wrong place. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << 3. Remove the system module cover (Figure 2-57). 4. Disconnect the auxiliary battery cable from the I/O board (Figure 2-58). 5. Gently lift the auxiliary battery out of the system module (Figure 2-58). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-58. Removing the Auxiliary Battery To replace the auxiliary battery, reverse the previous steps. 2.16 MEMORY EXPANSION Memory expansion alternatives for the COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C, COMPAQ LTE Lite/25, and COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 Personal Computers are shown in Tables 23 and 2-4. One 2-, 4-, or 8-, 16-megabyte memory card can be added to the COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 and COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 Personal Computers. Table 2-3. Memory Expansion for COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Personal Computers ========================================================================= == System Memory Card(s) Total Memory Added to Slot Memory -------------------------------------------------------------------------4 MB None 4 MB 4 MB 2 MB 6 MB 4 MB 4 MB 8 MB 4 MB 8 MB 12 MB 4 MB 16 MB 20 MB ========================================================================= == Table 2-4. Memory Expansion for COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 Personal Computer ========================================================================= == System Memory Card(s) Total Memory Added to Slot Memory -------------------------------------------------------------------------2 MB None 2 MB 2 MB 2 MB 4 MB 2 MB 4 MB 6 MB 2 MB 8 MB 10 MB 2 MB 16 MB 18 MB ========================================================================= == 2.17 ERASABLE/REPROGRAMMABLE FLASH ROM The flash memory chip (flash ROM) provides the capability for COMPAQ users to reprogram nonvolatile (in conjunction with the ROMPaq utility) readonly memory (ROM) on the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers. The ROM can be instantly reprogrammed to update system firmware. This flash ROM also provides increased system functionality without purchasing or installing a new ROM chip. The flash ROM features include the following: o Write-protected against computer viruses (keyboard controller logic). o Exhibits a high endurance for multiple reprogramming cycles. o Employs CMOS circuitry for systems requiring high-performance access speeds, low power consumption, and immunity to noise. o Proves to be rugged and highly reliable, even in harsh environments. The ROMPaq utility features include the following: o Erases and reprograms the system ROM in seconds. o Eliminates the need to disassemble a unit to replace the ROM. o Reduces potential damage to a chip by eliminating the ROM chip removal and replacement. o Provides on-screen instructions for implementing the flash ROM upgrade. NOTE: The ROMPaq diskette contains the code to erase and reprogram a flash ROM to the most recent level of system functionality. This diskette includes the on-screen instructions for implementing the flash ROM upgrade program. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-59. Removing the Two Screw Covers >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Handle the display panel carefully. Pressure should be applied equally to both sides when it is being lifted. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << 3.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter lists the assemblies checked by the Power-On Self-Test (POST) and briefly describes the types of error codes that can occur. The chapter also includes problem isolation procedures and a flowchart for quick reference. 3.1 POST POST is a series of diagnostic tests that run automatically on the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers when the system is turned on. POST checks the following assemblies to ensure that the computer system is functioning properly: o System Module o I/O Board o Memory Cards o Keyboard o Controller Circuitry o VGA Maxlight Liquid Crystal Display o Active Matrix Color VGA Display o Hard Drives o Diskette Drive POST also detects the type of mass storage devices installed in the computer. If POST finds an error in the system, an error condition is indicated by an audible and/or visual message. See Chapter 4, "Error Messages and Codes," for an explanation of the error codes and a recommended course of action. 3.2 PRELIMINARY STEPS If you encounter an error condition, complete the following steps before starting problem isolation procedures: 1. Turn off the computer. Do not remove the battery pack. 2. Disconnect any external devices (leave the AC Adapter attached). Do not disconnect the printer if you want to test it or use it to log error messages. 3. Install all appropriate loopback plugs and terminating plugs for complete testing. 4. Clear the power-on password, if it is preset by the user. You will know that the power-on password is set when a key icon (o--m) appears on the screen when POST completes. If this occurs, you must enter the password to continue. To delete the password, type the current password immediately followed by a backslash ( \ ) and press the Enter key. If you do not have access to the password,you must disable the power-on password. Refer to Section 3.3, "Clearing Power-on Password," for information on how to disable the power-on password. 5. Position the brightness and contrast controls approximately in the center of their range. 6. Insert the Diagnostics diskette into drive A. 7. Turn on the computer. 8. Follow the procedures of the Problem Isolation Flowchart, Section 3.4. Refer to Chapter 4, "Error Messages and Codes," for detailed information on problem isolation. 3.3 CLEARING POWER-ON PASSWORD IMPORTANT: When performing a routine service event, make sure that the user has unlocked the primary hard drive because Diagnostics cannot be run on a locked drive. Diagnostics can be run on other assemblies. To clear the power-on password feature, you must disable the power-on password by removing the clock/calendar battery from the system module, waiting at least 60 seconds, then replacing it. To do so, complete the following steps: 1. Disconnect the AC power. 2. Disassemble the unit. 3. Remove the system module. 4. Locate the clock/calendar battery on the system module (Figure 3-1). 5. Remove the battery by inserting a nonconductive probe into the battery holder and push back on the battery to release it. When the battery is removed, wait at least 60 seconds to clear CMOS; then replace the battery. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 3-1. Clock/Calendar Battery on the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers 6. Reassemble the computer (refer to Chapter 2, "Removal and Replacement Procedures") then, reconnect the AC power. 7. Turn on the computer and allow it to complete POST. If the key icon (o--m) does not appear when POST completes, the power-on password has been erased. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> WARNING <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< The clock/battery contains lithium. Do not abuse, disassemble, recharge or dispose of lithium battery cell in fire. It may explode if mishandled. Disposal of the lithium battery cell should be done in compliance with local regulations. Use only replacement battery packs supplied by Compaq Computer Corporation (spare part number 129948-001 or 129894-001). >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << 3.4 PROBLEM ISOLATION FLOWCHART The problem isolation flowchart provides a quick reference for identifying and correcting problems that may occur during POST. The flowchart gives troubleshooting procedures for identifying malfunctions. It also directs you to the Maintenance and Service Guide Support Software and to Chapter 4, "Error Messages and Codes," for more detailed troubleshooting information. ILLUSTRATION OF Problem Isolation Flowchart - ROOT (Part 1 of 2) ILLUSTRATION OF Problem Isolation Flowchart - ROOT (Part 2 of 2) ILLUSTRATION OF Problem Isolation Flowchart - A (Part 1 of 3) ILLUSTRATION OF Problem Isolation Flowchart - A (Part 2 of 3) ILLUSTRATION OF Problem Isolation Flowchart - A (Part 3 of 3) ILLUSTRATION OF Problem Isolation Flowchart - B ILLUSTRATION OF Problem Isolation Flowchart - E ILLUSTRATION OF Problem Isolation Flowchart - D (Part 1 of 2) ILLUSTRATION OF Problem Isolation Flowchart - D (Part 2 of 2) ILLUSTRATION OF Problem Isolation Flowchart - C ILLUSTRATION OF Problem Isolation Flowchart - F ILLUSTRATION OF Problem Isolation Flowchart - G ILLUSTRATION OF Problem Isolation Flowchart - H 4.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter contains Power-On Self-Test (POST) messages, Diagnostic error codes, and memory error codes. The messages and codes appear in tables that include a description of the error, the probable cause, and the recommended action that should be taken to resolve the error condition. 4.1 POWER-ON SELF-TEST MESSAGES An error message results if a problem is encountered during the Power-On Self-Test utility. This Power-On Self-Test utility runs automatically when the system is turned on. Table 4-1 lists the messages for POST, the audible (beep) message, probable cause, and recommended action. Table 4-1. Power-On Self-Test Messages ========================================================================= == Probable Recommended Message Beeps Cause Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------101-ROM Error 1 Long, ROM Checksum 1. Inspect the ROM 1 Short option placement. 2. Verify the correct ROM. 3. Replace the ROM. -------------------------------------------------------------------------101-I/O ROM Error 1 Long, System ROM 1. Inspect the ROM 1 Short placement. 2. Verify the correct ROM. 3. Replace the ROM. -------------------------------------------------------------------------102-System Board None System module Replace the system or System Memory module. Failure -------------------------------------------------------------------------162-System 2 Short Configuration Run SETUP. Options Error error -------------------------------------------------------------------------162-System 2 Short Configuration Run SETUP. Options Not Set incorrect -------------------------------------------------------------------------163-Time & Date 2 Short Invalid time Run SETUP. Not Set or date configuration memory -------------------------------------------------------------------------164-Memory 2 Short Configuration Run SETUP. Size Error memory incorrect -------------------------------------------------------------------------167-RTC Lost 2 Short Real-time Replace the clock/ Power clock/calendar calendar battery. battery -------------------------------------------------------------------------XX000Y ZZ * None RAM failure 1. Replace the 201-Memory Error memory card. 2. Replace the system module. -------------------------------------------------------------------------XX000Y ZZ * None RAM failure Replace the system module. -------------------------------------------------------------------------205-Memory Error None Cache Memory Run Diagnostics. error -------------------------------------------------------------------------301-Keyboard None Keyboard Replace the keyboard. Error -------------------------------------------------------------------------301-Keyboard None Keyboard Replace the keyboard. Error or Test Fixture Installed -------------------------------------------------------------------------Probable Recommended Message Beeps Cause Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------303-Keyboard None System module Replace the system module. Controller keyboard Error controller -------------------------------------------------------------------------304-Keyboard or None Keyboard 1. Replace the keyboard. System Unit 2. Replace the system Error module. -------------------------------------------------------------------------601-Diskette None Diskette 1. Check and/or replace the Controller Controller cable. Error circuitry 2. Run Diagnostics. 3. Replace the system module. -------------------------------------------------------------------------605-Diskette None Mismatch in Run SETUP. Drive Error drive type -------------------------------------------------------------------------610-External None External Turn on external storage Storage Device Storage Module module or disconnect from Failure Press connected but the computer. F1 when ready turned off -------------------------------------------------------------------------702-Coprocessor None Coprocessor 1. Run SETUP. Detection Error problem; added 2. Check the coprocessor or removed the installation. coprocessor 3. Replace the coprocessor. -------------------------------------------------------------------------1125-Internal None Defective Replace the system module. Serial Port internal port Failure -------------------------------------------------------------------------1150-Comm Port 2 Short Added or Run SETUP. Configuration removed modem, Error or second serial interface board -------------------------------------------------------------------------1771-Primary 2 Short The external Run Diagnostics. Disk Port primary fixed Address disk controller Assignment is detected on the bus, but the internal controller is not disabled -------------------------------------------------------------------------1780-Disk 0 None Fixed disk 1. Run Diagnostics. Failure drive/format 2. Replace the drive. error -------------------------------------------------------------------------Probable Recommended Message Beeps Cause Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------1781-Disk 1 None Fixed disk 1. Run Diagnostics. Failure drive/format 2. Replace the drive. error -------------------------------------------------------------------------1782-Disk None Fixed disk 1. Run Diagnostics. Controller drive 2. Replace the drive. Failure controller error -------------------------------------------------------------------------1790-Disk 0 None Fixed disk 1. Run Diagnostics. Error error 2. Replace the drive. -------------------------------------------------------------------------1791-Disk 1 None Fixed disk 1. Run Diagnostics. Error drive 1 error 2. Replace the drive. -------------------------------------------------------------------------XX000Y ZZ None Parity RAM Run Diagnostics. Parity Check 2 failure -------------------------------------------------------------------------Audible 1 Short Power-on None. successful -------------------------------------------------------------------------Audible 2 Short Power-on None. successful -------------------------------------------------------------------------(RESUME=F1 key) None As indicated Press F1 key. to continue -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Beeps can be disabled by the user during the SETUP program. ========================================================================= == ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 4-1. Memory Card Location 4.2 DIAGNOSTIC ERROR CODES Diagnostic error codes occur if the system recognizes a problem while running the Diagnostics program (refer to the Maintenance and Service Guide Support Software for additional information on running the Diagnostics software). These error codes help identify possible defective subassemblies. Tables 4-2 through 4-12 list possible error codes, a description of the error condition, and the action required to resolve the error condition. In each case, the Recommended Action column lists steps necessary to correct the problem. After completing each step, run the Diagnostics program to verify whether the condition has been corrected. If the error code reappears, perform the next step, then run the Diagnostics program again. Follow this procedure until the Diagnostics program no longer detects an error condition. The error codes appear in an AYY-XX or AAYY-XX format. A or AA = number that represents faulty assembly YY = test or action that failed XX = a specific problem For assistance in the removal and replacement of a particular subassembly, refer to Chapter 2, "Removal and Replacement Procedures." Table 4-2. Processor Test Error Codes ========================================================================= == Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------101-01 CPU test failed Replace the system module and retest for error code 101-01. -------------------------------------------------------------------------102-01 Coprocessor initial status The following steps apply to error word incorrect codes 102-xx: 1. Run SETUP. 102-02 Coprocessor initial control 2. Replace the coprocessor and incorrect retest. 3. Replace the system module and 102-03 Coprocessor tag word not all retest. ones 102-04 Coprocessor tag word not all zeros 102-05 Coprocessor exchange command failed 102-06 Coprocessor masked exception incorrectly handled 102-07 Coprocessor unmasked exception incorrectly handled 102-08 Coprocessor wrong mask bit set in status register 102-09 Coprocessor unable to store real number 102-10 Coprocessor real number calculation test failed 102-11 Coprocessor speed test failed 102-12 Coprocessor pattern test failed 102-15 Coprocessor is inoperative or socket is unoccupied -------------------------------------------------------------------------103-01 DMA page registers test Replace the system module and failed retest for error codes 103-xx through 114-xx. 103-02 DMA byte controller test failed 103-03 DMA word controller test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------104-01 Interrupt controller master Replace the system module and test failed retest for error codes 103-xx through 114-xx. 104-02 Interrupt controller slave test failed 104-03 Interrupt controller software RTC is inoperative 105-01 Port 61 bit 6 not at zero 105-02 Port 61 bit 5 not at zero 105-03 Port 61 bit 3 not at zero 105-4 Port 61 bit 1 not at zero 105-05 Port 61 bit 0 not at zero 105-06 Port 61 bit 5 not at one 105-07 Port 61 bit 3 not at one 105-08 Port 61 bit 1 not at one 105-09 Port 61 bit 0 not at one 105-10 Port 61 I/O test failed 105-11 Port 61 bit 7 not at zero 105-12 Port 61 bit 2 not at zero 106-01 Keyboard controller self-test failed 107-01 CMOS RAM test failed 108-02 CMOS interrupt test failed 108-03 CMOS interrupt test CMOS not properly initialized 109-01 CMOS clock load data test failed 109-02 CMOS clock rollover test failed 109-03 CMOS clock test, CMOS not properly initialized -------------------------------------------------------------------------Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------110-01 Programmable timer load Replace the system module and data test failed retest for error codes 103-xx through 114-xx. 110-02 Programmable timer dynamic test failed 111-01 Refresh detect test failed 112-01 Speed test slow mode out of range 112-02 Speed test mixed mode out of range 112-03 Speed test fast mode out of range 112-04 Speed test unable to enter slow mode 112-05 Speed test unable to enter mixed mode 112-06 Speed test unable to enter fast mode 112-07 Speed test system error 112-08 Speed test unable to enter auto mode 112-09 Speed test unable to enter high mode 112-10 Speed test high mode out of range 112-11 Speed test auto mode out of range 113-01 Protected mode test failed 114-01 Speaker test failed ========================================================================= == Table 4-3. Memory Test Error Codes ========================================================================= == Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------201-01 Memory machine ID test failed The following steps apply to error codes 201-xx through 202-xx: 202-01 Memory system ROM checksum 1. Replace the system ROM and failed retest. 2. Replace the system module and 202-02 Failed RAM/ROM map test retest. 202-03 Failed RAM/ROM protect test -------------------------------------------------------------------------203-01 Memory write/read test The following steps apply to error codes 203-xx through 211-xx: 203-02 Error during saving program 1. Replace the memory card and memory in write/read test retest. 2. Replace the system module and 203-03 Error during restore of retest. program memory in write/read test 204-01 Memory address test failed 204-02 Error during saving program memory in address test 204-03 Error during restore of program memory in address test 204-04 A20 address test failed 204-05 Page hit address test failed 205-01 Walking I/O test failed 205-02 Error during saving program memory in walking I/O test 205-03 Error during restore of program memory in walking I/O test 210-xx Increment Pattern Test 211-xx Random Pattern Test ========================================================================= == Table 4-4. Keyboard Test Error Codes ========================================================================= == Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------301-01 Keyboard short test, 8042 The following steps apply to error self-test failed codes 301-xx through 304-xx: 1. Check the keyboard connection. 301-02 the 301-03 Keyboard short test, If disconnected, turn off interface test failed computer and connect the keyboard. Replace the keyboard and retest. Replace the system module Keyboard short test, echo test failed 2. 3. and 301-04 Keyboard short test failed 302-01 Keyboard long test failed 303-01 Keyboard LED test, 8042 self-test failed 303-02 Keyboard LED test, reset test failed 303-03 Keyboard LED test, reset test failed 303-04 Keyboard LED test, LED command test failed 303-05 Keyboard LED test, LED command test failed 303-06 Keyboard LED test, LED command test 303-07 Keyboard LED test, LED command test failed 303-08 Keyboard LED test, command byte restore test failed 303-09 Keyboard LED test, LEDs failed to light 304-01 Keyboard typematic test failed 304-02 Unable to enter mode 3 304-03 Incorrect scan code from keyboard 304-04 No make code observed 304-05 Unable to disable typematic feature 304-06 Unable to return to normal mode retest. ========================================================================= == Table 4-5. Parallel Printer Test Error Codes ========================================================================= == Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------401-01 Printer failed or not The following steps apply to error connected codes 401-xx through 498-xx: 1. If a printer is connected, be 402-01 Printer data register failed sure it is turned ON and in the ONLINE mode. 402-02 Printer control register 2. Replace the printer and/or the printer cable and retest. 402-03 Printer data and control 3. Replace the system module and register failed retest. 402-04 Printer loopback failed 402-05 Printer loopback and data failed 402-06 Printer loopback and control register failed 402-07 Printer loopback, data, and control register failed 402-08 Printer interrupt test failed 402-09 Printer interrupt and data register failed 402-10 Printer interrupt and control register failed 402-11 Printer interrupt and loopback failed 402-13 Printer interrupt loopback, and data register failed 402-14 Printer interrupt, loopback, and control register failed 402-15 Printer interrupt, loopback, data, and control register failed 402-16 Printer unexpected interrupt received 403-01 Printer pattern test failed 498-00 Printer failed or not connected ========================================================================= == Table 4-6. Diskette Drive Test Error Codes ========================================================================= == Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------600-xx Diskette ID drive types test The following steps apply to error failed codes 600-xx through 610-xx: 1. Replace the diskette and 601-xx Diskette format failed retest. 2. Check and/or replace the drive 602-xx Diskette read test failed cable and retest. 3. Replace the diskette drive and 603-xx Diskette write, read, compare retest. test failed 4. Replace the system module and retest. 604-xx Diskette random seek test failed 605-xx Diskette ID media failed 606-xx Diskette speed test failed 607-xx Diskette wrap test failed 608-xx Diskette write protect test failed 609-xx Diskette reset controller test failed 610-xx Diskette change line test failed 01 Exceeded maximum soft error limit 02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit 03 Previously exceeded maximum soft error limit 04 Previously exceeded maximum hard error limit 05 Failed to reset controller 06 Fatal error while reading 07 Fatal error while writing 08 Failed compare of write/read buffers 09 Failed to format a track -------------------------------------------------------------------------Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------610-10 Failed sector wrap test The following steps apply to error codes 600-xx through 610-xx: 20 Failed to get drive type 1. Replace the diskette and retest. 21 Failed to get change line 2. Check and/or replace the drive status cable and retest. 3. Replace the diskette drive and 22 Failed to clear change line retest. status 4. Replace the system module and retest. 23 Failed to set drive type in ID media 24 Failed to read diskette media 25 Failed to verify diskette media 26 Failed to read media in speed test 27 Failed speed limits 28 Failed write protect test -------------------------------------------------------------------------697-00 Diskette type error The following steps apply to error codes 697-xx through 698-xx: 698-00 Diskette drive speed not 1. Replace the diskette and within limits retest. 2. Check and/or replace the diskette drive cable and retest. 3. Replace the diskette drive and retest. 4. Replace the system module and retest -------------------------------------------------------------------------699-00 Diskette drive/media ID 1. Replace the media. error, rerun SETUP 2. Run SETUP. ========================================================================= == Table 4-7. Serial Test Error Codes ========================================================================= == Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------1101-01 Serial Port Test; UART DLAB The following steps apply to bit failure error codes 1101-xx through 1109-xx: 1101-02 Serial Port Test; line 1. Replace the modem and retest. input or UART fault 2. Check the modem line. 3. Replace the system module and 1101-03 Serial Port Test; address retest. line fault 1101-04 Serial Port Test; data line fault 1101-05 Serial Port Test; UART control signal failure 1101-06 Serial Port Test; UART THRE bit failure 1101-07 Serial Port Test; UART DATA READY bit failure 1101-08 Serial Port Test; UART TX/RX buffer failure 1101-09 Serial Port Test; INTERRUPT circuit failure 1101-10 Serial Port Test; COM1 set to invalid interrupt 1101-11 Serial Port Test; COM2 set to invalid interrupt 1101-12 Serial Port Test; DRIVER/RECEIVER control signal failure 1101-13 Serial Port Test; UART control signal interrupt failure 1101-14 Serial Port Test; DRIVER/RECEIVER data failure 1109-01 Clock register initialization failure 1109-02 Clock register rollover failure 1109-03 Clock reset failure 1109-04 Input line or clock failure 1109-05 Address line fault 1109-06 Data line fault ========================================================================= == Table 4-8. Modem Communications Test Error Codes ========================================================================= == Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------1201-xx Modem Internal Loopback Test The following steps apply to error codes 1201-xx through 1210-xx: 01 UART DLAB bit failure 1. Refer to the modem documentation for SETUP 02 Line input or UART failure procedures and retest. 03 retest. Address line fault 04 Data line fault 05 UART control signal failure 06 UART THRE bit failure 07 UART DATA READY bit failure 08 UART TX/RX buffer failure 1201-09 INTERRUPT circuit failure 10 COM1 set to invalid interrupt 11 COM2 set to invalid interrupt 12 DRIVER/RECEIVER control signal failure 13 UART control signal interrupt failure 14 DRIVER/RECEIVER data failure 15 Modem detection failure 16 Modem ROM; checksum failure 17 Tone detection failure 1202-xx Check the modem line. Replace the modem and Internal Modem Test 01 Modem timed-out waiting for SYNC (local loopback mode) 02 Modem time-out waiting for response (local loopback mode) 03 2. 3. Modem exceeded data block retry limit (local loopback mode) -------------------------------------------------------------------------Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------1202-11 Modem timed-out waiting for The following steps apply to error SYNC (analog loopback originate mode) 12 Modem timed-out waiting for modem response (analog loopback originate mode) codes 1201-xx through 1210-xx: 1. Refer to the modem documentation for SETUP procedures. 2. Check the modem line. 3. Replace the modem and retest. 13 Modem exceeded data block retry limit (analog loopback originate mode) 13 Modem timed out waiting for (analog loopback answer mode) 22 Modem timed out waiting for modem response (analog loopback answer mode) 23 Modem exceeded data block retry limit (analog loopback answer mode) 1203-xx Modem External Termination test 01 Modem external TIP/RING failure 02 Modem external DATA TIP/RING failure 03 Modem line termination failure 1204-xx Modem Auto Originate test 1205-xx Modem Auto Answer test 1206-xx Dial Multifrequency Tone test 1210-xx Modem Direct Connect test 01 02 Modem timed out waiting for SYNC Modem timed out waiting for response -------------------------------------------------------------------------Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------1210-03 Modem exceeded data block The following steps apply to error retry limit codes 1201-xx through 1210-xx: 1. Refer to the modem 04 RCV exceeded carrier lost documentation for SETUP limit procedures. 2. Check the modem line. 05 XMIT exceeded carrier lost 3. Replace the modem and retest. limit 06 Time-out waiting for dial tone 07 Dial number string too long 08 Modem timed out waiting for remote response 09 Modem exceeded maximum redial limit 10 Line quality prevented remote connection 11 Modem timed out waiting for remote connection 17 Tone detection failure ========================================================================= == Table 4-9. Hard Drive Test Error Codes ========================================================================= == Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------1700 Fixed disk ID drive types The following steps apply to error test failed codes 1700-xx through 1719-xx: 1. Replace the fixed disk drive 1701-xx Fixed disk format test failed and retest. 2. Replace the system module and 1702-xx Fixed disk read test failed retest. 1703-xx Fixed disk write/read compare test failed 1704-xx Fixed disk random seek test failed 1705-xx Fixed disk controller test failed 1706-xx Hard drive ready test failed 1707-xx Hard drive recalibrate test failed 1708-xx Fixed disk format bad track test failed 1709-xx Fixed disk reset controller test failed 1710-xx Fixed disk park head test failed 1714-xx Fixed disk file write test failed 1715-xx Fixed disk head select test failed 1716-xx Fixed disk conditional format test failed 1717-xx Fixed disk ECC * test failed 1719-xx Hard drive power mode test 01 Exceeded maximum soft error limit 02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit 03 Previously exceeded maximum soft error limit -------------------------------------------------------------------------Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------1719-04 Previously exceeded maximum The following steps apply to error hard error limit codes 1700-xx through 1719-xx: 1. Replace the fixed disk drive 05 Failed to reset controller and retest. 2. Replace the system module and 06 Fatal error while reading retest. 07 Fatal error while writing 08 Failed compare of write/read/compare 09 Failed to format a track 10 Failed sector wrap test 19 Controller failed to deallocate bad sector 40 Failed cylinder 0 41 Drive not ready 42 Recalibrate failed 43 Failed to format bad track 44 Failed disk controller diagnostics 45 Failed to get drive parameters from ROM 46 Invalid drive parameters found in ROM 47 Failed to park heads 48 Failed to move disk table to RAM 49 Failed to read media in file write test 50 Failed file I/O write test 51 Failed file I/O read test 52 Failed file I/O compare test -------------------------------------------------------------------------Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------1719-53 Failed drive/head The following steps apply to error register test codes 1700-xx through 1719-xx: 1. Replace the fixed disk drive 54 Failed digital input register test 2. and retest. Replace the system module and retest. 55 Failed cylinder 1 56 Fixed disk drive controller RAM diagnostics failed 57 Hard drive controller to drive test failed 58 Failed to write sector buffer 59 Failed to read sector buffer 60 Failed to compare sector buffer 61 Failed uncorrectable ECC * error 62 Failed correctable ECC * error 63 Failed soft error rate 65 Exceeded maximum bad sector per track 66 Failed initial drive parameter 67 Failed to write long 68 Failed to read long 69 Failed to read drive size from controller 70 Failed translate mode 71 Failed nontranslated mode 72 Bad track limit exceeded -------------------------------------------------------------------------Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1719-73 error Previously exceeded bad The following steps apply to track limit codes 1700-xx through 1719-xx: 1. Replace the fixed disk drive and retest. 2. Replace the system module 74 Failed sleep mode 75 Failed idle mode 76 Failed standby mode 77 Failed to change mode and retest. 78 Exceeded spinup time limit -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Error Correction Code ========================================================================= == Table 4-10. Tape Drive Test Error codes ========================================================================= == Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------1900-xx Tape ID failed The following steps apply to error codes 1900-xx through 1906-xx: 1901-xx Tape servo write failed 1. Replace the tape cartridge and retest. 1902-xx Tape format failed 2. Check and/or replace the signal cable and retest. 1903-xx Tape drive sensor test failed 3. Replace the tape drive and retest. 1904-xx Tape BOT/EOT test failed 4. Replace the system module and retest. 1905-xx Tape read test failed 1906-xx Tape write/read/compare test failed 01 Drive not installed 02 Cartridge not installed 03 Tape motion error 04 Drive busy error -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1906-05 error Tape write protected error The following steps apply to 07 Tape already servo written codes 1900-xx through 1906-xx: 1. Replace the tape cartridge Unable to servo write 2. 09 Unable to format 3. 10 Format mode error 4. 11 Drive recalibration error 12 Tape not servo written 13 Tape not formatted 14 Drive time-out error 15 Sensor error flag 16 Block locate (block ID error) 17 Soft error limit exceeded 18 Hard error limit exceeded and 08 signal retest. Check and/or replace the cable and retest. Replace the tape drive and retest. Replace the system module and retest. 19 Write (probably ID) error -------------------------------------------------------------------------Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------1906-20 NEC fatal error The following steps apply to error codes 1900-xx through 1906-xx: 21 Received servo pulses second 1. Replace the tape cartridge and time but not first retest. 2. Check and/or replace the signal 22 Never got to EOT after cable and retest. servo check 3. Replace the tape drive and retest. 23 Change line not set 4. Replace the system module and retest. 24 Write protect error 25 Unable to erase cartridge 26 Cannot identify drive 27 Drive not compatible with controller 28 Format gap error 30 Exception bit not set 31 Unexpected drive status 32 Device fault 33 Illegal command 34 No data detected 35 Power-on reset occurred 91 Power lost during test ========================================================================= == Table 4-11. Video Test Error Codes ========================================================================= == Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------2402-01 Video memory test failed The following steps apply to error codes 2402-xx through 2432-xx: 2403-01 Video attribute test failed Replace the system module and retest. 2404-01 Video character set test failed 2405-01 Video 80x25 mode 9x14 character cell test failed 2406-01 Video 80x25 mode 8x8 character cell test failed 2407-01 Video 40x25 mode test failed 2408-01 Video 320x200 mode color set 0 test failed 2409-01 Video 320x200 mode color set 1 test failed 2410-01 Video 640x200 mode test failed 2411-01 Video screen memory page test failed 2412-01 Video gray scale test failed 2414-01 Video white screen test failed 2416-01 Video noise pattern test failed 2418-01 Video memory test failed 2418-02 Video shadow RAM test failed 2419-01 Video ROM checksum test failed 2420-01 Video attribute test failed 2421-01 Video 640x200 graphics mode test failed 2422-01 Video 640x350 16 color set test failed 2423-01 Video 640x350 64 color set test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------2424-01 Video monochrome text mode The following steps apply to error test failed codes 2402-xx through 2432-xx: Replace the system module and 2425-01 Video monochrome graphics retest. mode test failed 2431-xx Video 640x480 graphics mode test failed 2432-xx Video 320x200 graphics mode test failed ========================================================================= == Table 4-12. Pointing Device Interface Test Error Codes ========================================================================= == Error Code Description Recommended Action -------------------------------------------------------------------------3601-xx Pointing Device Interface 1. Replace with a working test pointing device and retest. 2. Replace the system module and retest. ========================================================================= == 5.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter provides physical, environmental, and performance specifications for the following COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers subsystems: o System Unit o Active Matrix Color VGA Display o VGA Maxlight Liquid Crystal Display o 3 1/2-Inch 1.44 Megabyte Diskette Drive o Hard Drives o Internal Power Supply o AC Adapter o Battery Pack ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 5-1. COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Personal Computer ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 5-2. Personal Computers COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 and COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 5.1 SYSTEM UNITS ========================================================================= == Dimensions: COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C: Height 8.5 in 21.6 cm Width 11.0 in 27.9 cm Depth 2.0 in 5.1 cm Dimensions: COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 and COMPAQ LTE Lite/20: Height 8.5 in Width 11.0 in Depth 1.75 in 21.6 cm 27.9 cm 4.4 cm Weight: COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C: Model 120 Model 84 6.50 lb. 6.50 lb. Weight: COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 and COMPAQ LTE Lite/20: Model 120 6.0 lb Model 84 6.0 lb Model 60 6.0 lb Model 40 6.0 lb Stand-Alone (Battery Pack) Lite/25 Power Requirements: Lite/20 Nominal Operating Voltage Average Power Peak Power Environmental Requirements: Temperature: Operating Nonoperating COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 12 VDC 14.2 W 32.3 W Acoustic Noise: Power Pressure 3.7 Bels (A) 33 dBA Maximum Unpressurized Altitude: Operating Nonoperating kg kg kg kg COMPAQ LTE 12 VDC 10 W 21 W 10oC to 40oC (Change of 10oC/Hr) 50oF to 104oF (Change of 50oF/Hr) -20oC to 60oC (Change of 20oC/Hr) -40oF to 140oF (Change of 40oF/Hr) 10% to 90% 5% to 95% * Vibration 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 COMPAQ LTE Relative Humidity: (noncondensing) Operating Nonoperating Shock and Vibrations: Shock 2.95 cm 2.95 cm 4.8 Bels (A) 42 dBA 10 G, 11 ms, half sine (operating) 60 G, 11 ms, half sine (nonoperating) 0.25 G, 5-500 Hz 1/2 octave/min sweep (operating) 1.0 G, 5-500 Hz 1/2 octave/min sweep (nonoperating) 10,000 ft 40,000 ft 3,048 m 12,192 m Heat Output 149 BTU/hr (calculated maximum) -------------------------------------------------------------------------* 38.7o maximum wet bulb. ========================================================================= == 5.2 VGA Maxlight LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Dimensions (image area): Height 5.7 in 14.1 cm Width 7.6 in 19.2 cm Diagonal Size 9.5 in 24.1 cm Mounting Internal Display Edgelit compensated supertwist LCD Gray Scales 16 in (640 x 480 resolution) 64 in (320 200 resolution) Brightness/Contrast Adjustable Maximum Pixel Resolution 640 x 480 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Horizontal Frequency 30 kHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz Display Inverter Board: Operating Voltage 350 Vrms typical @ 3.0 W, 255C Maximum Input Power 3.0 W Maximum Output Power 3.0 W ========================================================================= == 5.3 ACTIVE MATRIX COLOR VGA DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Dimensions (image area): Height 5.1 in 12.9 cm Width 6.7 in 17.0 cm Diagonal Size 8.4 in 21.3 cm Mounting Internal Display Type TFT (Thin Film Transistor) Pixel Pitch .27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Pixel Resolution 640 x 480 Colors 256 in (640 x 480) (VGA) from a palette of 4,096 Character Display 80/40x25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 30 kHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz ========================================================================= == 5.4 DISKETTE DRIVE ========================================================================= == 1.44 MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Diskette Size 3 1/2 in Light Indicators: Read/Write (high density) Read/Write (low density) Green Orange Capacity Per Diskette (high/low) 1.44 MB/720 KB Drives Supported One Drive Rotation (rpm) 300 Transfer Rate (bps) (high/low) 500 K/250 K Bytes Per Sector 512 Sectors Per Track (high/low) 18/9 Tracks Per Side (high/low) 80/80 Access Times: Track-to-Track (ms) Average (ms) Settling Time (ms) Latency Average (ms) 3/6 80/60 15 100 Cylinders (high/low) 80/80 Read/Write Heads 2 ========================================================================= == 5.5 HARD DRIVES ========================================================================= == 120 MB 84 MB 60 MB 40MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Standard Configurations Model 120 Model 84 Model 60 Model 40 Light Indicators Green Formatted Capacity Per Drive: Physical 121.79 MB Logical 121.41 MB Green Green Green 85.37 MB 64.00 MB 42.68 84.34 MB 63.81 MB 42.65 Drives Supported One One One One Drive Type 50 27 60 53 Transfer Rate (Mbits/sec): Head Interface 18 6.5 12 6.5 12 4.5 12 6.5 Sector Interleave 1:1 1:1 1:1 1:1 Bytes Per Sector 512 512 512 512 Sectors Per Track: Physical Logical 54 38 39 38 39 38 39 38 Number of Surfaces: Physical Logical 4 8 4 6 4 4 2 4 Access Times (including settling): Track-to-Track (ms) Average (ms) Maximum (ms) 5 17 40 5 19 40 5 19 40 5 19 40 Physical Cylinders 1122 1097 823 1097 Physical Read/Write Heads 4 4 4 2 Logical Cylinders 760 832 820 548 Logical Read/Write Heads 8 6 4 4 ========================================================================= == 5.6 INTERNAL POWER SUPPLY ========================================================================= == Input Requirements: Input Voltage 10 - 20 Vdc Standby 6.5 - 8.5 Vdc Input Fuse 5.0 A -------------------------------------------------------------------------Power Output: Steady State 18.5 W Peak 21 W -------------------------------------------------------------------------Cooling Convection -------------------------------------------------------------------------VDC Output: Nominal Voltage Current Minimum Nominal Continuous Current Maximum Maximum Peak Current Regulation Tolerance Average Power + 5.075 0.0 A 25.6 A 32.3 A + 3% 14.2 ========================================================================= == 5.7 AC ADAPTER ========================================================================= == Dimensions: Height 1.4 in 3.56 cm Width 3.3 in 8.38 cm Depth 5.3 in 13.46 cm Weight 0.8 lb Power Supply: Operating Voltage Maximum Output Voltage Maximum Output Current Maximum Output Power Operating Current Frequency 100-120/220-240 VAC 18 V 2.5 A 35 W 0.8/0.4 A 50-60 Hz .3 kg ========================================================================= == 5.8 NiMH POWER SMART PACK ========================================================================= == Dimensions: Height .8 in 2.0 cm Depth 5.6 in 14.3 cm Width 3.8 in 9.6 cm Weight 1.2 lb Power Supply: Nominal Open Circuit Voltage Capacity Power (Wh) 12 VDC (14.0 fully charged) 2.2 Ah 26.4 Environmental Requirements: Temperature Operating Nonoperating limit) 50oF to 104oF -45oF to 86oF .5 kg 10oC to 40oC -20oC to 30oC (no time -4oF to 104oF 20oC to 40oC (<3 months) -45oF to 122oF -20oC to 50oC (<1 month) ========================================================================= == 5.9 ENHANCED NiCd POWER SMART PACK ========================================================================= == Dimensions: Height .8 in 2.0 cm Depth 5.6 in 14.3 cm Width 3.8 in 9.6 cm Weight 1.2 lb .5 kg Power Supply: Nominal Open Circuit Voltage Capacity Power (Wh) 12 VDC (14.0 fully charged) 2.2 Ah 26.4 Environmental Requirements: Temperature: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 45oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 86oF (-20oC to 30oC) ========================================================================= == Memory Upgrade Chart(s) Publication Date: December 1995 Source Document: Compaq Quick Reference Guide Document Number: 107315-025 ILLUSTRATION OF LTE Lite/20 Memory Upgrade Chart ILLUSTRATION OF LTE Lite/25, LTE Lite/25C, and LTE Lite/25E Memory Upgrade Chart ILLUSTRATION OF LTE Lite 4/25C, LTE Lite 4/25E, and LTE Lite 4/33C Memory Upgrade Chart PORTABLE PRODUCTS VEHICLE AND AC ADAPTER MATRIX VEHICLE ADAPTERS ========================================================================= == Product Contura 4XX Module Part Number 169647-001 (16 to 19 Watts) Option Kit Part Number 190530-002 Spares Kit Part Number 190551-002 Output Plug Size 5.5 mm O.D., 2.1 mm I.D., 12.75 mm barrel length Comments no approved alternate -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product LTE Elite Module Part Number 129764-004 (29 to 35 Watts) Option Kit Part Number 197636-001 Spares Kit Part Number 194626-001 Output Plug Size 5.5 mm O.D., 2.1 mm I.D., 9.5 mm barrel length Comments no approved alternate -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product Contura Aero Module Part Number 190525-001 (16 to 19 Watts) Option Kit Part Number 190530-001 Spares Kit Part Number 190551-001 Output Plug Size 5.5 mm O.D., 2.1 mm I.D., 9.5 mm barrel length (old), 12.75 mm barrel length (new) Comments can use Contura 4xx as alternate -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product Concerto Module Part Number 129764-003 (29 to 35 Watts) Option Kit Part Number 144837-001 Spares Kit Part Number 144835-001 Output Plug Size 6.5 mm O.D., 3.0 mm I.D., 15.75 mm barrel length Comments no approved alternate -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product Contura Module Part Number 129764-002 (29 to 35 Watts) Option Kit Part Number 139501-001 Spares Kit Part Number 139623-001 Output Plug Size 6.5 mm O.D., 3.0 mm I.D., 8.9 mm barrel length Comments no approved alternate -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product Portable 486 Module Part Number N/A Option Kit Part Number -- Spares Kit Part Number -- Output Plug Size -- Comments no vehicle adapter -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product LTE Lite Module Part Number 129764-001 (29 to 35 Watts) Option Kit Part Number 129762-001 Spares Kit Part Number 129816-001 Output Plug Size 3-section plug Comments no approved alternate -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product LTE 386S/20 Module Part Number 121074-001 Option Kit Part Number 121120-001 Spares Kit Part Number 121422-001 Output Plug Size 3-conductor with side key Comments no approved alternate -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product LTE 286 Module Part Number 117060-001 (15.5 to 22 Watts) Option Kit Part Number 117094-001 Spares Kit Part Number 117289-001 Output Plug Size 4-pin with side key Comments same as LTE -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product LTE Module Part Number 117060-001 (15.5 to 22 Watts) Option Kit Part Number 117094-001 Spares Kit Part Number 117289-001 Output Plug Size 4-pin with side key Comments same as LTE 286 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product SLT 386S/20 Module Part Number 110626-001 Option Kit Part Number 110288-001 Spares Kit Part Number 110708-001 Output Plug Size 6-pin rectangular Comments same as SLT286 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product SLT 286 Module Part Number 110626-001 Option Kit Part Number 110288-001 Spares Kit Part Number 110708-001 Output Plug Size 6-pin rectangular Comments same as SLT 386S/20 ========================================================================= == AC ADAPTERS ========================================================================= == Product Contura 4XX Module Part Number 147663-001 Option Kit Part Number 147671-001 Spares Kit Part Number 147679-001 Output Plug Size 5.5 mm O.D., 2.1 mm I.D., 12.75 mm barrel length Comments United States 2-prong models only -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product LTE Elite Module Part Number INTERNAL Option Kit Part Number -- Spares Kit Part Number -- Output Plug Size N/A Comments --------------------------------------------------------------------------Product Contura Aero Module Part Number 199231-001 Option Kit Part Number 190526-001 Spares Kit Part Number 190621-001 Output Plug Size 5.5 mm O.D., 2.1 mm I.D., 9.5 mm barrel length (old), 12.75 mm barrel length (new) Comments no approved alternate -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product Concerto Module Part Number 144807-001 Option Kit Part Number 144836-001 Spares Kit Part Number 144834-001 Output Plug Size 6.5 mm O.D., 3.0 mm I.D., 15.75 mm barrel length Comments no approved alternate -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product Contura Module Part Number 139423-001, 149187-001, 144807-001 Option Kit Part Number 139500-001 Spares Kit Part Number 139622-001 Output Plug Size 6.5 mm O.D., 3.0 mm I.D., 8.9 mm barrel length Comments Concerto adapter is alternate -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product Portable 486 Module Part Number N/A Option Kit Part Number -- Spares Kit Part Number -- Output Plug Size -- Comments no external A/C adapter -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Product LTE Lite Module Part Number 149175-001 Option Kit Part Number 129741-001 Spares Kit Part Number 129827-001 Output Plug Size 3-section plug Comments no approved alternate -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product LTE 386S/20 Module Part Number 121035-001 Option Kit Part Number 121288-001 Spares Kit Part Number 121236-001 Output Plug Size 3-conductor with side key Comments no approved alternate -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product LTE 286 Module Part Number 117059-001 Option Kit Part Number 117011-001 Spares Kit Part Number 117108-001 Output Plug Size 4-pin with side key Comments same as LTE -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product LTE Module Part Number 117059-001 Option Kit Part Number 117011-001 Spares Kit Part Number 117108-001 Output Plug Size 4-pin with side key Comments same as LTE 286 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product SLT 386S/20 Module Part Number 118224-001 Option Kit Part Number 110888-001 Spares Kit Part Number 110353-001, 118460-001 Output Plug Size 6-pin rectangular Comments can use SLT 286 adapter -------------------------------------------------------------------------Product SLT 286 Module Part Number 118224-001 Option Kit Part Number 110888-001 Spares Kit Part Number 118460-001 Output Plug Size 6-pin rectangular Comments no approved alternate ========================================================================= == Exploded View -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: April 1994 Document Number: 004A/0494 ILLUSTRATION OF Exploded View of the Compaq LTE Lite 1. Cable lock provision to physically secure the PC (lock sold separately) 2. Standby button 3. Power on/off switch 4. Special feature hotkeys for quick, easy access to notebook functions 5. NiMH Power Smart Pack 6. 209-MB hard drive 7. Battery light 8. Hard drive light 9. Diskette drive light 10. VGA Display 11. Brightness control 12. Ergonomically-designed EasyPoint trackball is easy to work with one hand 13. Separate Home, End, Page-Up and Page-Down keys 14. Option compartment cover 15. Cursor-control keys in an isolated, inverted "T" layout 16. Enhanced options slot for a communications option 17. Memory card slot to expand memory up to 20 MB 18. 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB diskette drive Features Comparison -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: April 1994 Document Number: 004A/0494 SYSTEM UNIT ========================================================================= == Feature: Microprocessor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 33-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 25-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 25-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite/25C 25-MHz 386SL Compaq LTE Lite/25E 25-MHz 386SL Compaq LTE Lite/25 25-MHz 386SL -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Cache Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Integrated 8-KB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Integrated 8-KB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Integrated 8-KB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 64-KB secondary Compaq LTE Lite/25E 64-KB secondary Compaq LTE Lite/25 16-KB secondary -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Architecture Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite 4/33C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite/25 16-bit 16-bit 16-bit 16-bit 16-bit 16-bit ISA ISA ISA ISA ISA ISA -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Available Expansion Slots Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: RAM (Standard) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 4-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: RAM (Maximum) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 20-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Coprocessor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Integrated Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Integrated Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Integrated Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional 387SL Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional 387SL Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional 387SL -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Advanced Power Management Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C No Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == STORAGE ========================================================================= == Feature: Diskette Drives (Standard) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 1.44-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Diskette Drives (Optional) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite/25 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE 1: Desktop Expansion Base Option 2: External Storage Module Option -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Hard Drives (Standard Models) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 120-MB 209-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 120-MB 209-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 120-MB 209-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 84-MB, 120-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 84-MB, 120-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 120-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Tape Drives (Optional) Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite 4/33C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite/25C 60-MB, 60-MB, 60-MB, 60-MB, 80/120-MB 80/120-MB 80/120-MB 80/120-MB with with with with compression compression compression compression Compaq LTE Lite/25E 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite/25 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression ========================================================================= == INTERFACES ========================================================================= == Feature: Enhanced Parallel Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Serial Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Keyboard/Pointing Device Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: VGA Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Options Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Yes Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Numeric Keypad Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: AC Adapter Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes ========================================================================= == TRACKBALL ========================================================================= == Feature: Built-in EasyPoint Trackball Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Feature: Standard Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite 4/33C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite/25 Active Matrix Color Active Matrix Black and White Monochrome STN LCD Active Matrix Color Active Matrix Black and White LCD Monochrome STN -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Resolution Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C VGA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E VGA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25C VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25E VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25 VGA -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Extended Text Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C No Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == GRAPHICS ========================================================================= == Feature: QVision 1024/I Controller Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) ========================================================================= == MONITORS ========================================================================= == Feature: QVision 200 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 170 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 150 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 171FS Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 151FS Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Compaq 1024 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Compaq SVGA Color Monitor Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite 4/33C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite/25C Yes Yes Yes Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Compaq VGA Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Video Graphics Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional ========================================================================= == KEYBOARD ========================================================================= == Feature: Internal 101/102-Key Compatible; Isolated, Inverted-"T" Cursor Keys; and Hotkeys Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Standard Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Standard Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25C Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25E Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25 Standard -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Enhanced Keyboard (101-Key) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Optional Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional ========================================================================= == OPERATING SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTS ========================================================================= == Feature: Preinstalled Software Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25C MS-DOS 5, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25E MS-DOS 5, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25 -========================================================================= == DIMENSIONS (D x W x H) ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25 8.5 x 11.0 x 1.75 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 5.1 cm) ========================================================================= == WEIGHT ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 6.3 lb (2.86 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25 6.0 lb (2.75 kg) ========================================================================= == Standard Models and Options -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: April 1994 Document Number: 004A/0494 PRODUCTS ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 33-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-KB internal cache and integrated coprocessor. Active matrix color VGA display: 8.4-inch (21.3-cm) diagonal size, supports 256 colors out of a palette of 4,096 in 640 x 480 (VGA) resolution; battery life of 2 to 3 hours Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 25-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-KB internal cache and integrated coprocessor. Compaq UltraView active matrix display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; Compaq Active Matrix Color Display Option Kit (optional); battery life of 3 to 5 hours Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 25-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-KB internal cache and integrated coprocessor. Compaq Maxlight VGA display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolutions, 64-gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; battery life of 3 to 5 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25C 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with integrated cache controller; 64-KB four-way set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor. Active matrix color VGA display: 8.4-inch (21.3- cm) diagonal size, supports 256 colors out of a palette of 4,096 in 640 x 480 (VGA) resolution; battery life of 2 to 2 1/2 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25E 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with integrated cache controller; 64-KB four-way, set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor. Compaq UltraView Active Matrix display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; Compaq Active Matrix Color Display Option Kit (optional); battery life of 3 to 4 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with integrated cache controller; 16-KB four-way, set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor. Compaq Maxlight VGA display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; battery life of up to 4 1/2 hours ========================================================================= == STANDARD MODELS ========================================================================= == Model 209 (LTE Lite 209-MB Hard Drive (16-ms average seek time); 4/33 C, LTE Lite 4/25E, 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of LTE LIte 4/25) system memory, expandable to 20 Model 120 120-MB Hard Drive (16-ms average seek time); 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 Model 84 (LTE Lite/25C, LTE Lite/25E only) 84-MB Hard Drive (19-ms average seek time); 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 ========================================================================= == STANDARD FEATURES ========================================================================= == Display Supports simultaneous display of internal and external display; extended text (no extended text on Compaq LTE Lite/25 and Compaq LTE Lite/25C) Power NiMH Power Smart Packs; accurate battery gauge; auxiliary battery; AC Adapter Power Conservation Hibernation feature; up to 80-hour standby (up to 48 hours on Compaq LTE Lite/25); accessible popups with 3 preset levels and 1 custom level of power conservation, APM (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E) Pointing Device EasyPoint trackball ergonomically designed to point and click with one hand (excluding Compaq LTE Lite/25) Interfaces Enhanced parallel, serial; external keyboard/pointing device (mouse); VGA monitor; external options; external numeric keypad; AC Adapter MultiLock Security Features Cable lock provision; power-on password; keyboard password; QuickLock/QuickBlank; hard drive, diskette drive; parallel interface and serial interface controls (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E); SETUP password (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E); asset management provision; network server mode Keyboard 101/102-key compatible keyboard with cursor-control keys in an isolated, inverted-"T" layout and special feature hotkeys Preinstalled Software MS-DOS 6 (NOTE 1); Microsoft Windows 3.1; EZ Help Online Library; Compaq User Programs and utilities (excluding Compaq LTE Lite/25) Warranty Three-Year Limited Warranty Worldwide (NOTE 2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE 1: Some units may have DOS 5.0, but upgrades are available. 2: One-year on-site, followed by two-year carry-in warranty. Service is provided by third-party service agents and may not be available in certain geographic locations. Please contact the Compaq Customer Support Center for further information. ========================================================================= == OPTIONS ========================================================================= == Coprocessor/Memory 387SL coprocessor; 16-MB, 8-MB, 4-MB and 2-MB memory cards (Compaq 386SL-based models); 16-MB, 8-MB and 4-MB 32-bit memory cards (Compaq 486SL-based models) Desktop Expansion Base Two full-sized 8/16-bit ISA expansion slots; two storage bays (one third-height and one half-height); key lock; cable lock provision; integrated AC adapter fast charges notebook battery in about 1 hour; standard interfaces: parallel, serial, pointing device, external VGA monitor, external Enhanced Keyboard; monitor support cover Enhanced QuickConnect Integrated Ethernet support with 10BaseT and AUI connection interfaces; integrated Adaptec 6260 SCSI support. Standard Interfaces: Enhanced parallel, serial, external VGA monitor, external Enhanced Keyboard, external numeric keypad, AC Adapter, external storage module, mouse; size and weight: 1.25 x 11.0 x 3.5 in, 1.6 lbs QuickConnect Interfaces include: Enhanced parallel; serial; external VGA monitor; external Enhanced Keyboard; external numeric keypad; AC Adapter; external storage module; mouse Communications Compaq SpeedPAQ 144 Modem; Enhanced 9600-bps Internal Modem; Internal Data + Fax Modem; International Enhanced 2400-Baud Modem; Enhanced 2400-Baud Internal Modem; Serial Interface Board Convenience Options External Battery Charger; AC Adapter; NiMH Power Smart Pack; Enhanced NiCd Power Smart Pack; Automobile Adapter; Briefcase; Carrying Case; External Storage Module; External Numeric Keypad; Enhanced Keyboard Other Storage External Options Adapter; CD-ROM Adapter; 120-MB Hard Drive Graphics Video Graphics Color Monitor; Compaq VGA Color Monitor; Compaq SVGA Color Monitor; Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor; QVision 150 Color Monitor; QVision 170 Color Monitor; QVision 1024/I Controller (for use in expansion base) ========================================================================= == Technical Specifications -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: April 1994 Document Number: 004A/0494 SYSTEM UNIT ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W): All except Compaq LTE Lite/25 2.0 x 8.5 x 11.0 in (5.1 x 21.6 x 27.9 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25 Weight: Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C and Compaq LTE Lite/25C 1.75 x 8.5 x 11.0 in (4.45 x 21.6 x 27.9 cm) 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E and Compaq LTE Lite/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 6.3 lb (2.86 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25 6.0 lb (2.75 kg) Nominal Operating: Voltage (VDC) 12 Average Power (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite/25C Compaq LTE Lite/25E Compaq LTE Lite/25 14.2 11.0 10.0 Maximum Power (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite/25C Compaq LTE Lite/25E Compaq LTE Lite/25 25.6 23.3 21.0 Peak Power (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite/25C Compaq LTE Lite/25E Compaq LTE Lite/25 32.3 29.1 21.0 Temperature Range: Operating Nonoperating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) -40oF to 140oF (-40oC to 60oC) Relative Humidity (Noncondensing): Operating 10% to 90% Nonoperating 5% to 95% Maximum Unpressurized Altitude: Operating Nonoperating 10,000 ft (3,048m) 40,000 ft (12,192m) ========================================================================= == ACTIVE MATRIX COLOR VGA DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.1 x 6.7 in (12.9 x 17.0 cm) Diagonal Size 8.4 in (21.3 cm) Display Type TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Colors palette 256 colors in 640 x 480 (VGA) from a of 4,096 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 30 KHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz ========================================================================= == COMPAQ ULTRAVIEW DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.7 x 7.6 in (14.4 x 19.3 cm) Diagonal Size 9.5 in (24.1 cm) Display Type TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Gray Scales 16 scales in 640 x 480 (VGA) 64 scales in 320 x 200 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 31 KHz Vertical Frequency 60/70 Hz ========================================================================= == COMPAQ MAXLIGHT VGA DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.7 x 7.6 in (14.4 x 19.3 cm) Diagonal Size 9.5 in (24.1 cm) Display Type Edgelit Compensated Supertwist LCD Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Gray Scales 16 scales in 640 x 480 (VGA) 64 scales in 320 x 200 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 30 KHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz ========================================================================= == 3 1/2-INCH 1.44-MB DISKETTE DRIVE (STANDARD) ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Diskette (high/low) 1.44-MB/720-KB Number Supported One Rotation (rpm) 300 Transfer Rate (Kbits/sec)(high/low) 500/250 Bytes Per Sector 512 Sectors Per Track (high/low) 18/9 Tracks Per Side (high/low) 80/80 Access Times: Track-to-Track (ms) (high/low) 3/6 Average (ms) (high/low) 80/60 Settling Time (ms) 15 Latency Average (ms) 100 Cylinders (high/low) 80/80 Read/Write Heads Two ========================================================================= == HARD DRIVES ========================================================================= == 209-MB ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Drive 209-MB Drive Type 16 Transfer Rate at Head (Mbits/sec) Sector Interleave 6.5 1:1 Seek Times (Typical Including Settling): Track-to-Track (ms) 5 Average (ms) 16 Physical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 1,530 Six 512 Logical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 404 Six 512 -------------------------------------------------------------------------120-MB 84-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Capacity Per Drive 121.4-MB 84.3-MB Drive Type 50 27 Transfer Rate at Interface (Mbits/sec) 6.5 6.5 Sector Interleave 1:1 1:1 Seek Times (Typical Including Settling): Track-to-Track (ms) 5 Average (ms) 16 5 19 Physical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 1,097 Four 512 1,061 Six 512 Logical Configuration: Cylinders 760 832 Heads Eight Six Bytes Per Sector 512 512 ========================================================================= == POWER ========================================================================= == NiMH POWER SMART PACK Dimensions (H x D x W) 0.8 x 5.6 x 3.8 in (2.0 x 14.3 x 9.6 cm) Weight 1.2 lb (0.5 kg) Power Supply: Nominal Open Circuit Voltage Capacity Power 12.0 VAC 14.0 (fully charged) 2.2 Ah 26.4 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 86oF (-20oC to 30oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------ENHANCED NiCD POWER SMART PACK (OPTIONAL) Dimensions (H x D x W) 0.8 x 5.6 x 3.8 in (2.0 x 14.3 x 9.6 cm) Weight 1.2 lb (0.5 kg) Power Supply: Nominal Open Circuit Voltage Capacity Power 12.0 VAC 14.0 (fully charged) 1.7 Ah 20.4 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 122oF (-20oC to 50oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------AC ADAPTER Dimensions (H x D xW) 1.4 x 5.3 x 3.3 in (3.6 x 13.5 x 8.4 cm) Weight 0.8 lb (0.3 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage Operating Current Frequency Maximum Output Voltage Maximum Output Current Maximum Output Power 100 to 120/220 to 240 VAC 0.8/0.4 amps 50 to 60 Hz 18.0 Volts 2.5 amps 35 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 140oF (-20oC to 60oC) ========================================================================= == CONVENIENCE OPTIONS ========================================================================= == DESKTOP EXPANSION BASE Dimensions (H x D x W) 6.1 x 16.0 x 13.5 in (15.5 x 40.6 x 34.3 cm) Weight 19.3 lb (8.8 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage Steady-State Power Operating Current Frequency 100 to 120/220 to 240 VAC 125 Watts 3/1.5 amps 50 to 60 Hz Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------QUICKCONNECT Dimensions (H x D x W ) 1.18 x 2.5 x 11.0 in (3.0 x 6.35 x 28.0 cm) Weight 1.0 lb (0.45 kg) Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------ENHANCED QUICKCONNECT Dimensions (H x D x W ) 1.25 x 11.0 x 3.5 in Weight 1.6 lb Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------CD-ROM ADAPTER Dimensions (H x D x W ) 1.0 x 4.5 x 2.63 in (2.5 x 11.4 x 6.7 cm) Temperature Range: Operating Nonoperating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) -4oF to 140oF (-20oC to 60oC) Relative Humidity (Noncondensing): Operating Nonoperating 10% to 90% 5% to 95% Internal Hardware Interrupt Setting IRQ 9 Direct Memory Access (DMA) Channel DMA 3 I/O Address 3E0h - 3EFh Supported Drives NEC CDR-35, NEC CDR-72, Toshiba TXM-3201, Philips CM231, Hitachi CDR-1650S, SCSI-2 (Sony CDU-6211) -------------------------------------------------------------------------EXTERNAL STORAGE MODULE Dimensions (H x D x W) 2.3 x 12.0 x 6.5 in (5.8 x 30.5 x 16.5 cm) Weight: Without Storage Device With Storage Device 2.6 lb (1.2 kg) 4.5 lb (2.0 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage Steady-State Power Peak Power Operating Current 120/220 to 240 VAC 8 Watts 27 Watts 300 mA Frequency Interface Devices Supported 47 to 63 Hz 28-pin One of the following: 5 1/4-inch 1.2-MB Diskette Drive, 80/120-MB Tape Drive with compression, 60- MB Tape Drive with compression -------------------------------------------------------------------------AUTOMOBILE ADAPTER Dimensions (H x D x W) 1.5 x 3.9 x 1.5 in (3.8 x 9.9 x 3.8 cm) Weight 0.55 lb (0.25 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage Operating Current Maximum Oputput Voltage Maximum Output Current Maximum Output Power 10.0 to 18.0 VDC 4.0 amps 18.5 volts 2.5 amps 35.0 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 41oF to 104oF (5oC to 50oC) Nonoperating -40oF to 194oF (-40oC to 90oC) ========================================================================= == Exploded View -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: March 1994 Document Number: 016A/0394 ILLUSTRATION OF Exploded View of the Compaq LTE Lite 1. Cable lock provision to physically secure the PC (lock sold separately) 2. Standby button 3. Power on/off switch 4. Special feature hotkeys for quick, easy access to notebook functions 5. NiMH Power Smart Pack 6. 209-MB hard drive 7. Battery light 8. Hard drive light 9. Diskette drive light 10. VGA Display 11. Brightness control 12. Ergonomically-designed EasyPoint trackball is easy to work with one hand 13. Separate Home, End, Page-Up and Page-Down keys 14. Option compartment cover 15. Cursor-control keys in an isolated, inverted "T" layout 16. Enhanced options slot for a communications option 17. Memory card slot to expand memory up to 20 MB 18. 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB diskette drive Features Comparison -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: March 1994 Document: 016A/0394 SYSTEM UNIT ========================================================================= == Feature: Microprocessor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 33-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 25-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 25-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite/25C 25-MHz 386SL Compaq LTE Lite/25E 25-MHz 386SL Compaq LTE Lite/25 25-MHz 386SL -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Cache Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Integrated 8-KB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Integrated 8-KB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Integrated 8-KB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 64-KB secondary Compaq LTE Lite/25E 64-KB secondary Compaq LTE Lite/25 16-KB secondary -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Architecture Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite/25C 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite/25E 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite/25 16-bit ISA -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Available Expansion Slots Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: RAM (Standard) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 4-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: RAM (Maximum) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 20-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Coprocessor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Integrated Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Integrated Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Integrated Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional 387SL Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional 387SL Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional 387SL -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Advanced Power Management Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite 4/33C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Yes Yes Yes No Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == STORAGE ========================================================================= == Feature: Diskette Drives (Standard) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 1.44-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Diskette Drives (Optional) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite/25 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE 1: Desktop Expansion Base Option 2: External Storage Module Option -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Hard Drives (Standard Models) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 120-MB 209-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 120-MB 209-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 120-MB 209-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 84-MB, 120-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 84-MB, 120-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 120-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Tape Drives (Optional) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite/25C 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite/25E 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite/25 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression ========================================================================= == INTERFACES ========================================================================= == Feature: Enhanced Parallel Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Serial Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Keyboard/Pointing Device Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: VGA Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feature: External Options Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Numeric Keypad Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: AC Adapter Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes ========================================================================= == TRACKBALL ========================================================================= == Feature: Built-in EasyPoint Trackball Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Feature: Standard Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Active Matrix Color Active Matrix Black and White Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Monochrome STN LCD Compaq LTE Lite/25C Active Matrix Color Compaq LTE Lite/25E Active Matrix Black and White Compaq LTE Lite/25 LCD Monochrome STN -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Resolution Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C VGA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E VGA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25C VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25E VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25 VGA -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Extended Text Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C No Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == GRAPHICS ========================================================================= == Feature: QVision 1024/I Controller Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) ========================================================================= == MONITORS ========================================================================= == Feature: QVision 200 Color Monitor Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite 4/33C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite/25 Yes Yes Yes Optional Optional Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 170 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 150 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 171FS Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 151FS Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Compaq 1024 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Compaq SVGA Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Compaq VGA Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Video Graphics Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional ========================================================================= == KEYBOARD ========================================================================= == Feature: Internal 101/102-Key Compatible; Isolated, Inverted-"T" Cursor Keys; and Hotkeys Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Standard Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Standard Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25C Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25E Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25 Standard -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feature: External Enhanced Keyboard (101-Key) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional ========================================================================= == OPERATING SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTS ========================================================================= == Feature: Preinstalled Software Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25C MS-DOS 5, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25E MS-DOS 5, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25 -========================================================================= == DIMENSIONS (D x W x H) ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25 8.5 x 11.0 x 1.75 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 5.1 cm) ========================================================================= == WEIGHT ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 6.3 lb (2.86 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25 6.0 lb (2.75 kg) ========================================================================= == Memory Upgrade -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: March 1994 Document Number: 016A/0394 ILLUSTRATION OF Memory Upgrade Chart for the Compaq LTE Lite/25C, Compaq LTE Lite/25E, and Compaq LTE Lite/25 ILLUSTRATION OF Memory Upgrade Chart for the Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C, Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E, and Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Standard Models and Options -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: March 1994 Document Number: 016A/0394 PRODUCTS ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 33-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-KB internal cache and integrated coprocessor. Active matrix color VGA display: 8.4-inch (21.3-cm) diagonal size, supports 256 colors out of a palette of 4,096 in 640 x 480 (VGA) resolution; battery life of 2 to 3 hours Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 25-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-KB internal cache and integrated coprocessor. Compaq UltraView active matrix display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; Compaq Active Matrix Color Display Option Kit (optional); battery life of 3 to 5 hours Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 25-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-KB internal cache and integrated coprocessor. Compaq Maxlight VGA display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolutions, 64-gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; battery life of 3 to 5 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25C 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with integrated cache controller; 64-KB four-way set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor. Active matrix color VGA display: 8.4-inch (21.3- cm) diagonal size, supports 256 colors out of a palette of 4,096 in 640 x 480 (VGA) resolution; battery life of 2 to 2 1/2 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25E 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with integrated cache controller; 64-KB four-way, set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor. Compaq UltraView Active Matrix display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; Compaq Active Matrix Color Display Option Kit (optional); battery life of 3 to 4 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with integrated cache controller; 16-KB four-way, set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor. Compaq Maxlight VGA display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; battery life of up to 4 1/2 hours ========================================================================= == STANDARD MODELS ========================================================================= == Model 209 (LTE Lite 209-MB Hard Drive (16-ms average seek time); 4/33 C, LTE Lite 4/25E, 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of LTE LIte 4/25) system memory, expandable to 20 Model 120 120-MB Hard Drive (16-ms average seek time); 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 Model 84 (LTE Lite/25C, LTE Lite/25E only) 84-MB Hard Drive (19-ms average seek time); 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 ========================================================================= == STANDARD FEATURES ========================================================================= == Display Supports simultaneous display of internal and external display; extended text (no extended text on Compaq LTE Lite/25 and Compaq LTE Lite/25C) Power NiMH Power Smart Packs; accurate battery gauge; auxiliary battery; AC Adapter Power Conservation Hibernation feature; up to 80-hour standby (up to 48 hours on Compaq LTE Lite/25); accessible popups with 3 preset levels and 1 custom level of power conservation, APM (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E) Pointing Device EasyPoint trackball ergonomically designed to point and click with one hand (excluding Compaq LTE Lite/25) Interfaces Enhanced parallel, serial; external keyboard/pointing device (mouse); VGA monitor; external options; external numeric keypad; AC Adapter MultiLock Security Features Cable lock provision; power-on password; keyboard password; QuickLock/QuickBlank; hard drive, diskette drive; parallel interface and serial interface controls (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E); SETUP password (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E); asset management provision; network server mode Keyboard 101/102-key compatible keyboard with cursor-control keys in an isolated, inverted-"T" layout and special feature hotkeys Preinstalled Software MS-DOS 6 (NOTE 1); Microsoft Windows 3.1; EZ Help Online Library; Compaq User Programs and utilities (excluding Compaq LTE Lite/25) Warranty Three-Year Limited Warranty Worldwide (NOTE 2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE 1: Some units may have DOS 5.0, but upgrades are available. 2: One-year on-site, followed by two-year carry-in warranty. Service is provided by third-party service agents and may not be available in certain geographic locations. Please contact the Compaq Customer Support Center for further information. ========================================================================= == OPTIONS ========================================================================= == Coprocessor/Memory 387SL coprocessor; 16-MB, 8-MB, 4-MB and 2-MB memory cards (Compaq 386SL-based models); 16-MB, 8-MB and 4-MB 32-bit memory cards (Compaq 486SL-based models) Desktop Expansion Base Two full-sized 8/16-bit ISA expansion slots; two storage bays (one third-height and one half-height); key lock; cable lock provision; integrated AC adapter fast charges notebook battery in about 1 hour; standard interfaces: parallel, serial, pointing device, external VGA monitor, external Enhanced Keyboard; monitor support cover Enhanced QuickConnect Integrated Ethernet support with 10BaseT and AUI connection interfaces; integrated Adaptec 6260 SCSI support. Standard Interfaces: Enhanced parallel, serial, external VGA monitor, external Enhanced Keyboard, external numeric keypad, AC Adapter, external storage module, mouse; size and weight: 1.25 x 11.0 x 3.5 in, 1.6 lbs QuickConnect Interfaces include: Enhanced parallel; serial; external VGA monitor; external Enhanced Keyboard; external numeric keypad; AC Adapter; external storage module; mouse Communications Compaq SpeedPAQ 144 Modem; Enhanced 9600-bps Internal Modem; Internal Data + Fax Modem; International Enhanced 2400-Baud Modem; Enhanced 2400-Baud Internal Modem; Serial Interface Board Convenience Options External Battery Charger; AC Adapter; NiMH Power Smart Pack; Enhanced NiCd Power Smart Pack; Automobile Adapter; Briefcase; Carrying Case; External Storage Module; External Numeric Keypad; Enhanced Keyboard Other Storage External Options Adapter; CD-ROM Adapter; 120-MB Hard Drive Graphics Video Graphics Color Monitor; Compaq VGA Color Monitor; Compaq SVGA Color Monitor; Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor; QVision 150 Color Monitor; QVision 170 Color Monitor; QVision 1024/I Controller (for use in expansion base) ========================================================================= == Technical Specifications -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: March 1994 Document Number: 016A/0394 SYSTEM UNIT ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W): All except Compaq LTE Lite/25 2.0 x 8.5 x 11.0 in (5.1 x 21.6 x 27.9 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25 Weight: Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C and Compaq LTE Lite/25C 1.75 x 8.5 x 11.0 in (4.45 x 21.6 x 27.9 cm) 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E and Compaq LTE Lite/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 6.3 lb (2.86 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25 6.0 lb (2.75 kg) Nominal Operating: Voltage (VDC) 12 Average Power (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite/25C Compaq LTE Lite/25E Compaq LTE Lite/25 14.2 11.0 10.0 Maximum Power (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite/25C 25.6 Compaq LTE Lite/25E Compaq LTE Lite/25 23.3 21.0 Peak Power (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite/25C Compaq LTE Lite/25E Compaq LTE Lite/25 32.3 29.1 21.0 Temperature Range: Operating Nonoperating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) -40oF to 140oF (-40oC to 60oC) Relative Humidity (Noncondensing): Operating 10% to 90% Nonoperating 5% to 95% Maximum Unpressurized Altitude: Operating 10,000 ft (3,048m) Nonoperating 40,000 ft (12,192m) ========================================================================= == ACTIVE MATRIX COLOR VGA DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.1 x 6.7 in (12.9 x 17.0 cm) Diagonal Size 8.4 in (21.3 cm) Display Type TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Colors palette 256 colors in 640 x 480 (VGA) from a of 4,096 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 30 KHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz ========================================================================= == COMPAQ ULTRAVIEW DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.7 x 7.6 in (14.4 x 19.3 cm) Diagonal Size 9.5 in (24.1 cm) Display Type TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Gray Scales 16 scales in 640 x 480 (VGA) 64 scales in 320 x 200 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 31 KHz Vertical Frequency 60/70 Hz ========================================================================= == COMPAQ MAXLIGHT VGA DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.7 x 7.6 in (14.4 x 19.3 cm) Diagonal Size 9.5 in (24.1 cm) Display Type Edgelit Compensated Supertwist LCD Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Gray Scales 16 scales in 640 x 480 (VGA) 64 scales in 320 x 200 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 30 KHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz ========================================================================= == 3 1/2-INCH 1.44-MB DISKETTE DRIVE (STANDARD) ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Diskette (high/low) 1.44-MB/720-KB Number Supported One Rotation (rpm) 300 Transfer Rate (Kbits/sec)(high/low) 500/250 Bytes Per Sector 512 Sectors Per Track (high/low) 18/9 Tracks Per Side (high/low) 80/80 Access Times: Track-to-Track (ms) (high/low) 3/6 Average (ms) (high/low) 80/60 Settling Time (ms) 15 Latency Average (ms) 100 Cylinders (high/low) 80/80 Read/Write Heads Two ========================================================================= == HARD DRIVES ========================================================================= == 209-MB ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Drive 209-MB Drive Type 16 Transfer Rate at Head (Mbits/sec) Sector Interleave 6.5 1:1 Seek Times (Typical Including Settling): Track-to-Track (ms) 5 Average (ms) 16 Physical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 1,530 Six 512 Logical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 404 Six 512 -------------------------------------------------------------------------120-MB 84-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Capacity Per Drive 121.4-MB 84.3-MB Drive Type 50 27 Transfer Rate at Interface (Mbits/sec) 6.5 6.5 Sector Interleave 1:1 1:1 Seek Times (Typical Including Settling): Track-to-Track (ms) 5 Average (ms) 16 5 19 Physical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 1,097 Four 512 1,061 Six 512 Logical Configuration: Cylinders 760 832 Heads Eight Six Bytes Per Sector 512 512 ========================================================================= == POWER ========================================================================= == NiMH POWER SMART PACK Dimensions (H x D x W) 0.8 x 5.6 x 3.8 in (2.0 x 14.3 x 9.6 cm) Weight 1.2 lb (0.5 kg) Power Supply: Nominal Open Circuit Voltage Capacity 12.0 VAC 14.0 (fully charged) 2.2 Ah Power 26.4 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 86oF (-20oC to 30oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------ENHANCED NiCD POWER SMART PACK (OPTIONAL) Dimensions (H x D x W) 0.8 x 5.6 x 3.8 in (2.0 x 14.3 x 9.6 cm) Weight 1.2 lb (0.5 kg) Power Supply: Nominal Open Circuit Voltage Capacity Power 12.0 VAC 14.0 (fully charged) 1.7 Ah 20.4 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 122oF (-20oC to 50oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------AC ADAPTER Dimensions (H x D xW) 1.4 x 5.3 x 3.3 in (3.6 x 13.5 x 8.4 cm) Weight 0.8 lb (0.3 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage Operating Current Frequency Maximum Output Voltage Maximum Output Current Maximum Output Power 100 to 120/220 to 240 VAC 0.8/0.4 amps 50 to 60 Hz 18.0 Volts 2.5 amps 35 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 140oF (-20oC to 60oC) ========================================================================= == CONVENIENCE OPTIONS ========================================================================= == DESKTOP EXPANSION BASE Dimensions (H x D x W) 6.1 x 16.0 x 13.5 in (15.5 x 40.6 x 34.3 cm) Weight 19.3 lb (8.8 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage Steady-State Power Operating Current Frequency 100 to 120/220 to 240 VAC 125 Watts 3/1.5 amps 50 to 60 Hz Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------QUICKCONNECT Dimensions (H x D x W ) 1.18 x 2.5 x 11.0 in (3.0 x 6.35 x 28.0 cm) Weight 1.0 lb (0.45 kg) Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------ENHANCED QUICKCONNECT Dimensions (H x D x W ) 1.25 x 11.0 x 3.5 in Weight 1.6 lb Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------CD-ROM ADAPTER Dimensions (H x D x W ) 1.0 x 4.5 x 2.63 in (2.5 x 11.4 x 6.7 cm) Temperature Range: Operating Nonoperating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) -4oF to 140oF (-20oC to 60oC) Relative Humidity (Noncondensing): Operating Nonoperating 10% to 90% 5% to 95% Internal Hardware Interrupt Setting IRQ 9 Direct Memory Access (DMA) Channel DMA 3 I/O Address 3E0h - 3EFh Supported Drives NEC CDR-35, NEC CDR-72, Toshiba TXM-3201, Philips CM231, Hitachi CDR-1650S, SCSI-2 (Sony CDU-6211) -------------------------------------------------------------------------EXTERNAL STORAGE MODULE Dimensions (H x D x W) 2.3 x 12.0 x 6.5 in (5.8 x 30.5 x 16.5 cm) Weight: Without Storage Device With Storage Device Power Supply: Operating Voltage Steady-State Power Peak Power Operating Current Frequency Interface Devices Supported 2.6 lb (1.2 kg) 4.5 lb (2.0 kg) 120/220 to 240 VAC 8 Watts 27 Watts 300 mA 47 to 63 Hz 28-pin One of the following: 5 1/4-inch 1.2-MB Diskette Drive, 80/120-MB Tape Drive with compression, 60- MB Tape Drive with compression -------------------------------------------------------------------------AUTOMOBILE ADAPTER Dimensions (H x D x W) 1.5 x 3.9 x 1.5 in (3.8 x 9.9 x 3.8 cm) Weight 0.55 lb (0.25 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage Operating Current Maximum Oputput Voltage Maximum Output Current Maximum Output Power 10.0 to 18.0 VDC 4.0 amps 18.5 volts 2.5 amps 35.0 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 41oF to 104oF (5oC to 50oC) Nonoperating -40oF to 194oF (-40oC to 90oC) ========================================================================= == Exploded View -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: February 1994 Document Number: 030A/0294 ILLUSTRATION OF Exploded View of the Compaq LTE Lite 1. Cable lock provision to physically secure the PC (lock sold separately) 2. Standby button 3. Power on/off switch 4. Special feature hotkeys for quick, easy access to notebook functions 5. NiMH Power Smart Pack 6. 209-MB hard drive 7. Battery light 8. Hard drive light 9. Diskette drive light 10. VGA Display 11. Brightness control 12. Ergonomically-designed EasyPoint trackball is easy to work with one hand 13. Separate Home, End, Page-Up and Page-Down keys 14. Option compartment cover 15. Cursor-control keys in an isolated, inverted "T" layout 16. Enhanced options slot for a communications option 17. Memory card slot to expand memory up to 20 MB 18. 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB diskette drive Features Comparison -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: February 1994 Document: 030A/0294 SYSTEM UNIT ========================================================================= == Feature: Microprocessor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 33-MHz 486SL 25-MHz 486SL 25-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite/25C 25-MHz 386SL Compaq LTE Lite/25E 25-MHz 386SL Compaq LTE Lite/25 25-MHz 386SL -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Cache Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Integrated 8-KB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Integrated 8-KB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Integrated 8-KB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 64-KB secondary Compaq LTE Lite/25E 64-KB secondary Compaq LTE Lite/25 16-KB secondary -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Architecture Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite/25C 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite/25E 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite/25 16-bit ISA -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Available Expansion Slots Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: RAM (Standard) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 4-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: RAM (Maximum) Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite 4/33C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite/25 20-MB 20-MB 20-MB 20-MB 20-MB 20-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Coprocessor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Integrated Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Integrated Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Integrated Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional 387SL Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional 387SL Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional 387SL -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Advanced Power Management Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C No Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == STORAGE ========================================================================= == Feature: Diskette Drives (Standard) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 1.44-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Diskette Drives (Optional) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite/25 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE 1: Desktop Expansion Base Option 2: External Storage Module Option -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Hard Drives (Standard Models) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 120-MB 209-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 120-MB 209-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 120-MB 209-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 84-MB, 120-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 84-MB, 120-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 120-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Tape Drives (Optional) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite/25C 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite/25E 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite/25 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression ========================================================================= == INTERFACES ========================================================================= == Feature: Enhanced Parallel Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Serial Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Keyboard/Pointing Device Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: VGA Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Options Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Numeric Keypad Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: AC Adapter Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes ========================================================================= == TRACKBALL ========================================================================= == Feature: Built-in EasyPoint Trackball Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Feature: Standard Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Active Matrix Color Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Active Matrix Black and White Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Monochrome STN LCD Compaq LTE Lite/25C Active Matrix Color Compaq LTE Lite/25E Active Matrix Black and White Compaq LTE Lite/25 LCD Monochrome STN -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Resolution Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C VGA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E VGA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25C VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25E VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25 VGA -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Extended Text Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C No Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == GRAPHICS ========================================================================= == Feature: QVision 1024/I Controller Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) ========================================================================= == MONITORS ========================================================================= == Feature: QVision 200 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 170 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 150 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 171FS Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 151FS Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Compaq 1024 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Compaq SVGA Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Compaq VGA Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Video Graphics Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite 4/33C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Yes Yes Yes Optional Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional ========================================================================= == KEYBOARD ========================================================================= == Feature: Internal 101/102-Key Compatible; Isolated, Inverted-"T" Cursor Keys; and Hotkeys Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Standard Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Standard Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25C Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25E Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25 Standard -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Enhanced Keyboard (101-Key) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional ========================================================================= == OPERATING SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTS ========================================================================= == Feature: Preinstalled Software Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25C MS-DOS 5, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25E MS-DOS 5, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25 -========================================================================= == DIMENSIONS (D x W x H) ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25 8.5 x 11.0 x 1.75 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 5.1 cm) ========================================================================= == WEIGHT ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 6.3 lb (2.86 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25 6.0 lb (2.75 kg) ========================================================================= == Memory Upgrade -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: February 1994 Document Number: 030A/0294 ILLUSTRATION OF Memory Upgrade Chart for the Compaq LTE Lite/25C, Compaq LTE Lite/25E, and Compaq LTE Lite/25 ILLUSTRATION OF Memory Upgrade Chart for the Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C, Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E, and Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Standard Models and Options -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: February 1994 Document Number: 030A/0294 PRODUCTS ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 33-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-KB internal cache and integrated coprocessor. Active matrix color VGA display: 8.4-inch (21.3-cm) diagonal size, supports 256 colors out of a palette of 4,096 in 640 x 480 (VGA) resolution; battery life of 2 to 3 hours Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 25-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-KB internal cache and integrated coprocessor. Compaq UltraView active matrix display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; Compaq Active Matrix Color Display Option Kit (optional); battery life of 3 to 5 hours Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 25-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-KB internal cache and integrated coprocessor. Compaq Maxlight VGA display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolutions, 64-gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; battery life of 3 to 5 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25C 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with integrated cache controller; 64-KB four-way set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor. Active matrix color VGA display: 8.4-inch (21.3- cm) diagonal size, supports 256 colors out of a palette of 4,096 in 640 x 480 (VGA) resolution; battery life of 2 to 2 1/2 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25E 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with integrated cache controller; 64-KB four-way, set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor. Compaq UltraView Active Matrix display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; Compaq Active Matrix Color Display Option Kit (optional); battery life of 3 to 4 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with integrated cache controller; 16-KB four-way, set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor. Compaq Maxlight VGA display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; battery life of up to 4 1/2 hours ========================================================================= == STANDARD MODELS ========================================================================= == Model 209 (LTE Lite 209-MB Hard Drive (16-ms average seek time); 4/33 C, LTE Lite 4/25E, 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of LTE LIte 4/25) system memory, expandable to 20 Model 120 120-MB Hard Drive (16-ms average seek time); 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 Model 84 (LTE Lite/25C, LTE Lite/25E only) 84-MB Hard Drive (19-ms average seek time); 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 ========================================================================= == STANDARD FEATURES ========================================================================= == Display Supports simultaneous display of internal and external display; extended text (no extended text on Compaq LTE Lite/25 and Compaq LTE Lite/25C) Power NiMH Power Smart Packs; accurate battery gauge; auxiliary battery; AC Adapter Power Conservation Hibernation feature; up to 80-hour standby (up to 48 hours on Compaq LTE Lite/25); accessible popups with 3 preset levels and 1 custom level of power conservation, APM (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E) Pointing Device EasyPoint trackball ergonomically designed to point and click with one hand (excluding Compaq LTE Lite/25) Interfaces Enhanced parallel, serial; external keyboard/pointing device (mouse); VGA monitor; external options; external numeric keypad; AC Adapter MultiLock Security Features Cable lock provision; power-on password; keyboard password; QuickLock/QuickBlank; hard drive, diskette drive; parallel interface and serial interface controls (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E); SETUP password (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E); asset management provision; network server mode Keyboard 101/102-key compatible keyboard with cursor-control keys in an isolated, inverted-"T" layout and special feature hotkeys Preinstalled Software MS-DOS 6 (NOTE 1); Microsoft Windows 3.1; EZ Help Online Library; Compaq User Programs and utilities (excluding Compaq LTE Lite/25) Warranty Three-Year Limited Warranty Worldwide (NOTE 2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE 1: Some units may have DOS 5.0, but upgrades are available. 2: One-year on-site, followed by two-year carry-in warranty. Service is provided by third-party service agents and may not be available in certain geographic locations. Please contact the Compaq Customer Support Center for further information. ========================================================================= == OPTIONS ========================================================================= == Coprocessor/Memory 387SL coprocessor; 16-MB, 8-MB, 4-MB and 2-MB memory cards (Compaq 386SL-based models); 16-MB, 8-MB and 4-MB 32-bit memory cards (Compaq 486SL-based models) Desktop Expansion Base Two full-sized 8/16-bit ISA expansion slots; two storage bays (one third-height and one half-height); key lock; cable lock provision; integrated AC adapter fast charges notebook battery in about 1 hour; standard interfaces: parallel, serial, pointing device, external VGA monitor, external Enhanced Keyboard; monitor support cover Enhanced QuickConnect Integrated Ethernet support with 10BaseT and AUI connection interfaces; integrated Adaptec 6260 SCSI support. Standard Interfaces: Enhanced parallel, serial, external VGA monitor, external Enhanced Keyboard, external numeric keypad, AC Adapter, external storage module, mouse; size and weight: 1.25 x 11.0 x 3.5 in, 1.6 lbs QuickConnect Interfaces include: Enhanced parallel; serial; external VGA monitor; external Enhanced Keyboard; external numeric keypad; AC Adapter; external storage module; mouse Communications Compaq SpeedPAQ 144 Modem; Enhanced 9600-bps Internal Modem; Internal Data + Fax Modem; International Enhanced 2400-Baud Modem; Enhanced 2400-Baud Internal Modem; Serial Interface Board Convenience Options External Battery Charger; AC Adapter; NiMH Power Smart Pack; Enhanced NiCd Power Smart Pack; Automobile Adapter; Briefcase; Carrying Case; External Storage Module; External Numeric Keypad; Enhanced Keyboard Other Storage External Options Adapter; CD-ROM Adapter; 120-MB Hard Drive Graphics Video Graphics Color Monitor; Compaq VGA Color Monitor; Compaq SVGA Color Monitor; Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor; QVision 150 Color Monitor; QVision 170 Color Monitor; QVision 1024/I Controller (for use in expansion base) ========================================================================= == Technical Specifications -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: February 1994 Document Number: 030A/0294 SYSTEM UNIT ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W): All except Compaq LTE Lite/25 2.0 x 8.5 x 11.0 in (5.1 x 21.6 x 27.9 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25 Weight: Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C and Compaq LTE Lite/25C 1.75 x 8.5 x 11.0 in (4.45 x 21.6 x 27.9 cm) 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E and Compaq LTE Lite/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 6.3 lb (2.86 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25 6.0 lb (2.75 kg) Nominal Operating: Voltage (VDC) 12 Average Power (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite/25C Compaq LTE Lite/25E Compaq LTE Lite/25 14.2 11.0 10.0 Maximum Power (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite/25C Compaq LTE Lite/25E Compaq LTE Lite/25 25.6 23.3 21.0 Peak Power (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite/25C Compaq LTE Lite/25E Compaq LTE Lite/25 32.3 29.1 21.0 Temperature Range: Operating Nonoperating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) -40oF to 140oF (-40oC to 60oC) Relative Humidity (Noncondensing): Operating 10% to 90% Nonoperating 5% to 95% Maximum Unpressurized Altitude: Operating 10,000 ft (3,048m) Nonoperating 40,000 ft (12,192m) ========================================================================= == ACTIVE MATRIX COLOR VGA DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.1 x 6.7 in (12.9 x 17.0 cm) Diagonal Size 8.4 in (21.3 cm) Display Type TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Colors palette 256 colors in 640 x 480 (VGA) from a of 4,096 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 30 KHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz ========================================================================= == COMPAQ ULTRAVIEW DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.7 x 7.6 in (14.4 x 19.3 cm) Diagonal Size 9.5 in (24.1 cm) Display Type TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Gray Scales 16 scales in 640 x 480 (VGA) 64 scales in 320 x 200 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 31 KHz Vertical Frequency 60/70 Hz ========================================================================= == COMPAQ MAXLIGHT VGA DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.7 x 7.6 in (14.4 x 19.3 cm) Diagonal Size 9.5 in (24.1 cm) Display Type Edgelit Compensated Supertwist LCD Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Gray Scales 16 scales in 640 x 480 (VGA) 64 scales in 320 x 200 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 30 KHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz ========================================================================= == 3 1/2-INCH 1.44-MB DISKETTE DRIVE (STANDARD) ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Diskette (high/low) 1.44-MB/720-KB Number Supported One Rotation (rpm) 300 Transfer Rate (Kbits/sec)(high/low) 500/250 Bytes Per Sector 512 Sectors Per Track (high/low) 18/9 Tracks Per Side (high/low) 80/80 Access Times: Track-to-Track (ms) (high/low) 3/6 Average (ms) (high/low) 80/60 Settling Time (ms) 15 Latency Average (ms) 100 Cylinders (high/low) 80/80 Read/Write Heads Two ========================================================================= == HARD DRIVES ========================================================================= == 209-MB ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Drive 209-MB Drive Type 16 Transfer Rate at Head (Mbits/sec) Sector Interleave 6.5 1:1 Seek Times (Typical Including Settling): Track-to-Track (ms) 5 Average (ms) 16 Physical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 1,530 Six 512 Logical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 404 Six 512 -------------------------------------------------------------------------120-MB 84-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Capacity Per Drive 121.4-MB 84.3-MB Drive Type 50 27 Transfer Rate at Interface (Mbits/sec) 6.5 6.5 Sector Interleave 1:1 1:1 Seek Times (Typical Including Settling): Track-to-Track (ms) 5 Average (ms) 16 5 19 Physical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 1,061 Six 512 1,097 Four 512 Logical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 760 Eight 512 832 Six 512 ========================================================================= == POWER ========================================================================= == NiMH POWER SMART PACK Dimensions (H x D x W) 0.8 x 5.6 x 3.8 in (2.0 x 14.3 x 9.6 cm) Weight 1.2 lb (0.5 kg) Power Supply: Nominal Open Circuit Voltage Capacity Power 12.0 VAC 14.0 (fully charged) 2.2 Ah 26.4 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 86oF (-20oC to 30oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------ENHANCED NiCD POWER SMART PACK (OPTIONAL) Dimensions (H x D x W) 0.8 x 5.6 x 3.8 in (2.0 x 14.3 x 9.6 cm) Weight 1.2 lb (0.5 kg) Power Supply: Nominal Open Circuit Voltage Capacity Power 12.0 VAC 14.0 (fully charged) 1.7 Ah 20.4 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 122oF (-20oC to 50oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------AC ADAPTER Dimensions (H x D xW) 1.4 x 5.3 x 3.3 in (3.6 x 13.5 x 8.4 cm) Weight 0.8 lb (0.3 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage Operating Current Frequency Maximum Output Voltage Maximum Output Current Maximum Output Power 100 to 120/220 to 240 VAC 0.8/0.4 amps 50 to 60 Hz 18.0 Volts 2.5 amps 35 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 140oF (-20oC to 60oC) ========================================================================= == CONVENIENCE OPTIONS ========================================================================= == DESKTOP EXPANSION BASE Dimensions (H x D x W) 6.1 x 16.0 x 13.5 in (15.5 x 40.6 x 34.3 cm) Weight 19.3 lb (8.8 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage Steady-State Power Operating Current Frequency 100 to 120/220 to 240 VAC 125 Watts 3/1.5 amps 50 to 60 Hz Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------QUICKCONNECT Dimensions (H x D x W ) 1.18 x 2.5 x 11.0 in (3.0 x 6.35 x 28.0 cm) Weight 1.0 lb (0.45 kg) Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------ENHANCED QUICKCONNECT Dimensions (H x D x W ) 1.25 x 11.0 x 3.5 in Weight 1.6 lb Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------CD-ROM ADAPTER Dimensions (H x D x W ) 1.0 x 4.5 x 2.63 in (2.5 x 11.4 x 6.7 cm) Temperature Range: Operating Nonoperating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) -4oF to 140oF (-20oC to 60oC) Relative Humidity (Noncondensing): Operating Nonoperating 10% to 90% 5% to 95% Internal Hardware Interrupt Setting IRQ 9 Direct Memory Access (DMA) Channel DMA 3 I/O Address 3E0h - 3EFh Supported Drives NEC CDR-35, NEC CDR-72, Toshiba TXM-3201, Philips CM231, Hitachi CDR-1650S, SCSI-2 (Sony CDU-6211) -------------------------------------------------------------------------EXTERNAL STORAGE MODULE Dimensions (H x D x W) 2.3 x 12.0 x 6.5 in (5.8 x 30.5 x 16.5 cm) Weight: Without Storage Device With Storage Device Power Supply: Operating Voltage Steady-State Power Peak Power Operating Current Frequency Interface Devices Supported 2.6 lb (1.2 kg) 4.5 lb (2.0 kg) 120/220 to 240 VAC 8 Watts 27 Watts 300 mA 47 to 63 Hz 28-pin One of the following: 5 1/4-inch 1.2-MB Diskette Drive, 80/120-MB Tape Drive with compression, 60- MB Tape Drive with compression -------------------------------------------------------------------------AUTOMOBILE ADAPTER Dimensions (H x D x W) 1.5 x 3.9 x 1.5 in (3.8 x 9.9 x 3.8 cm) Weight 0.55 lb (0.25 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage 10.0 to 18.0 VDC Operating Current Maximum Output Voltage Maximum Output Current Maximum Output Power 4.0 amps 18.5 volts 2.5 amps 35.0 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 41oF to 104oF (5oC to 50oC) Nonoperating -40oF to 194oF (-40oC to 90oC) ========================================================================= == Exploded View -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: November 1993 Document Number: 001A/1193 ILLUSTRATION OF Exploded View of the Compaq LTE Lite 1. Cable lock provision to physically secure the PC (lock sold separately) 2. Standby button 3. Power on/off switch 4. Special feature hotkeys for quick, easy access to notebook functions 5. NiMH Power Smart Pack 6. 209-MB hard drive 7. Battery light 8. Hard drive light 9. Diskette drive light 10. VGA Display 11. Brightness control 12. Ergonomically-designed EasyPoint trackball is easy to work with one hand 13. Separate Home, End, Page-Up and Page-Down keys 14. Option compartment cover 15. Cursor-control keys in an isolated, inverted "T" layout 16. Enhanced options slot for a communications option 17. Memory card slot to expand memory up to 20 MB 18. 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB diskette drive Features Comparison -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: November 1993 Document: 001A/1193 SYSTEM UNIT ========================================================================= == Feature: Microprocessor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 33-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 25-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 25-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite/25C 25-MHz 386SL Compaq LTE Lite/25E 25-MHz 386SL Compaq LTE Lite/25 25-MHz 386SL -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Cache Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Integrated 8-KB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Integrated 8-KB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Integrated 8-KB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 64-KB secondary Compaq LTE Lite/25E 64-KB secondary Compaq LTE Lite/25 16-KB secondary -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Architecture Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite/25C 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite/25E 16-bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite/25 16-bit ISA -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Available Expansion Slots Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: RAM (Standard) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 4-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 4-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: RAM (Maximum) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 20-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 20-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Coprocessor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Integrated Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Integrated Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Integrated Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional 387SL Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional 387SL Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional 387SL -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Advanced Power Management Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C No Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == STORAGE ========================================================================= == Feature: Diskette Drives (Standard) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 1.44-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Diskette Drives (Optional) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) Compaq LTE Lite/25 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1,2), 360-KB (NOTES 1,2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE 1: Desktop Expansion Base Option 2: External Storage Module Option -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Hard Drives (Standard Models) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 120-MB 209-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 120-MB 209-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 120-MB 209-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25C 84-MB, 120-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 84-MB, 120-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 120-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Tape Drives (Optional) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite/25C 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite/25E 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression Compaq LTE Lite/25 60-MB, 80/120-MB with compression ========================================================================= == INTERFACES ========================================================================= == Feature: Enhanced Parallel Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Yes Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Serial Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Keyboard/Pointing Device Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: VGA Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Options Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Numeric Keypad Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite 4/33C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite/25 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: AC Adapter Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes ========================================================================= == TRACKBALL ========================================================================= == Feature: Built-in EasyPoint Trackball Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Feature: Standard Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Active Matrix Color Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Active Matrix Black and White Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Monochrome STN LCD Compaq LTE Lite/25C Active Matrix Color Compaq LTE Lite/25E Active Matrix Black and White Compaq LTE Lite/25 LCD Monochrome STN -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Resolution Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C VGA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E VGA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25C VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25E VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25 VGA -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Extended Text Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C No Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == GRAPHICS ========================================================================= == Feature: QVision 1024/I Controller Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) ========================================================================= == MONITORS ========================================================================= == Feature: QVision 200 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 170 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 150 Color Monitor Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite 4/33C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite/25C Yes Yes Yes Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 171FS Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: QVision 151FS Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Compaq 1024 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Compaq SVGA Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Compaq VGA Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feature: Video Graphics Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional ========================================================================= == KEYBOARD ========================================================================= == Feature: Internal 101/102-Key Compatible; Isolated, Inverted-"T" Cursor Keys; and Hotkeys Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Standard Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Standard Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25C Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25E Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25 Standard -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: External Enhanced Keyboard (101-Key) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25C Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional ========================================================================= == OPERATING SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTS ========================================================================= == Feature: Preinstalled Software Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25C MS-DOS 5, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25E MS-DOS 5, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ-Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25 -========================================================================= == DIMENSIONS (D x W x H) ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25 8.5 x 11.0 x 1.75 in (21.6 x 27.9 x 5.1 cm) ========================================================================= == WEIGHT ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 6.3 lb (2.86 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25C 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25 6.0 lb (2.75 kg) ========================================================================= == Memory Upgrade -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: November 1993 Document Number: 001A/1193 ILLUSTRATION OF Memory Upgrade Chart for the Compaq LTE Lite/25C, Compaq LTE Lite/25E, and Compaq LTE Lite/25 ILLUSTRATION OF Memory Upgrade Chart for the Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C, Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E, and Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Standard Models and Options -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: November 1993 Document Number: 001A/1193 PRODUCTS ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 33-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-KB internal cache and integrated coprocessor. Active matrix color VGA display: 8.4-inch (21.3-cm) diagonal size, supports 256 colors out of a palette of 4,096 in 640 x 480 (VGA) resolution; battery life of 2 to 3 hours Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 25-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-KB internal cache and integrated coprocessor. Compaq UltraView active matrix display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; Compaq Active Matrix Color Display Option Kit (optional); battery life of 3 to 5 hours Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 25-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-KB internal cache and integrated coprocessor. Compaq Maxlight VGA display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolutions, 64-gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; battery life of 3 to 5 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25C 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with integrated cache controller; 64-KB four-way set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor. Active matrix color VGA display: 8.4-inch (21.3- cm) diagonal size, supports 256 colors out of a palette of 4,096 in 640 x 480 (VGA) resolution; battery life of 2 to 2 1/2 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25E 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with integrated cache controller; 64-KB four-way, set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor. Compaq UltraView Active Matrix display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; Compaq Active Matrix Color Display Option Kit (optional); battery life of 3 to 4 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with integrated cache controller; 16-KB four-way, set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor. Compaq Maxlight VGA display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; battery life of up to 4 1/2 hours ========================================================================= == STANDARD MODELS ========================================================================= == Model 209 (LTE Lite 209-MB Hard Drive (16-ms average seek time); 4/33 C, LTE Lite 4/25E, 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of LTE LIte 4/25) system memory, expandable to 20 Model 120 120-MB Hard Drive (16-ms average seek time); 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 Model 84 (LTE Lite/25C, LTE Lite/25E only) 84-MB Hard Drive (19-ms average seek time); 3 1/2-inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 ========================================================================= == STANDARD FEATURES ========================================================================= == Display Supports simultaneous display of internal and external display; extended text (no extended text on Compaq LTE Lite/25 and Compaq LTE Lite/25C) Power NiMH Power Smart Packs; accurate battery gauge; auxiliary battery; AC Adapter Power Conservation Hibernation feature; up to 80-hour standby (up to 48 hours on Compaq LTE Lite/25); accessible popups with 3 preset levels and 1 custom level of power conservation, APM (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E) Pointing Device EasyPoint trackball ergonomically designed to point and click with one hand (excluding Compaq LTE Lite/25) Interfaces Enhanced parallel, serial; external keyboard/pointing device (mouse); VGA monitor; external options; external numeric keypad; AC Adapter MultiLock Security Features Cable lock provision; power-on password; keyboard password; QuickLock/QuickBlank; hard drive, diskette drive; parallel interface and serial interface controls (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E); SETUP password (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E); asset management provision; network server mode Keyboard 101/102-key compatible keyboard with cursor-control keys in an isolated, inverted-"T" layout and special feature hotkeys Preinstalled Software MS-DOS 6 (NOTE 1); Microsoft Windows 3.1; EZ Help Online Library; Compaq User Programs and utilities (excluding Compaq LTE Lite/25) Warranty Three-Year Limited Warranty Worldwide (NOTE 2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE 1: Some units may have DOS 5.0, but upgrades are available. 2: One-year on-site, followed by two-year carry-in warranty. Service is provided by third-party service agents and may not be available in certain geographic locations. Please contact the Compaq Customer Support Center for further information. ========================================================================= == OPTIONS ========================================================================= == Coprocessor/Memory 387SL coprocessor; 16-MB, 8-MB, 4-MB and 2-MB memory cards (Compaq 386SL-based models); 16-MB, 8-MB and 4-MB 32-bit memory cards (Compaq 486SL-based models) Desktop Expansion Base Two full-sized 8/16-bit ISA expansion slots; two storage bays (one third-height and one half-height); key lock; cable lock provision; integrated AC adapter fast charges notebook battery in about 1 hour; standard interfaces: parallel, serial, pointing device, external VGA monitor, external Enhanced Keyboard; monitor support cover Enhanced QuickConnect Integrated Ethernet support with 10BaseT and AUI connection interfaces; integrated Adaptec 6260 SCSI support. Standard Interfaces: Enhanced parallel, serial, external VGA monitor, external Enhanced Keyboard, external numeric keypad, AC Adapter, external storage module, mouse; size and weight: 1.25 x 11.0 x 3.5 in, 1.6 lbs QuickConnect Interfaces include: Enhanced parallel; serial; external VGA monitor; external Enhanced Keyboard; external numeric keypad; AC Adapter; external storage module; mouse Communications Compaq SpeedPAQ 144 Modem; Enhanced 9600-bps Internal Modem; Internal Data + Fax Modem; International Enhanced 2400-Baud Modem; Enhanced 2400-Baud Internal Modem; Serial Interface Board Convenience Options External Battery Charger; AC Adapter; NiMH Power Smart Pack; Enhanced NiCd Power Smart Pack; Automobile Adapter; Briefcase; Carrying Case; External Storage Module; External Numeric Keypad; Enhanced Keyboard Other Storage External Options Adapter; CD-ROM Adapter; 120-MB Hard Drive Graphics Video Graphics Color Monitor; Compaq VGA Color Monitor; Compaq SVGA Color Monitor; Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor; QVision 150 Color Monitor; QVision 170 Color Monitor; QVision 1024/I Controller (for use in expansion base) ========================================================================= == Technical Specifications -- Compaq LTE Lite Date: November 1993 Document Number: 001A/1193 SYSTEM UNIT ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W): All except Compaq LTE Lite/25 2.0 x 8.5 x 11.0 in (5.1 x 21.6 x 27.9 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25 Weight: Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C and Compaq LTE Lite/25C 1.75 x 8.5 x 11.0 in (4.45 x 21.6 x 27.9 cm) 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E and Compaq LTE Lite/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 6.3 lb (2.86 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25 6.0 lb (2.75 kg) Nominal Operating: Voltage (VDC) 12 Average Power (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite/25C Compaq LTE Lite/25E Compaq LTE Lite/25 14.2 11.0 10.0 Maximum Power (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite/25C Compaq LTE Lite/25E Compaq LTE Lite/25 25.6 23.3 21.0 Peak Power (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite/25C Compaq LTE Lite/25E Compaq LTE Lite/25 32.3 29.1 21.0 Temperature Range: Operating Nonoperating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) -40oF to 140oF (-40oC to 60oC) Relative Humidity (Noncondensing): Operating 10% to 90% Nonoperating 5% to 95% Maximum Unpressurized Altitude: Operating Nonoperating 10,000 ft (3,048m) 40,000 ft (12,192m) ========================================================================= == ACTIVE MATRIX COLOR VGA DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.1 x 6.7 in (12.9 x 17.0 cm) Diagonal Size 8.4 in (21.3 cm) Display Type TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Colors palette 256 colors in 640 x 480 (VGA) from a of 4,096 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 30 KHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz ========================================================================= == COMPAQ ULTRAVIEW DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.7 x 7.6 in (14.4 x 19.3 cm) Diagonal Size 9.5 in (24.1 cm) Display Type TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Gray Scales 16 scales in 640 x 480 (VGA) 64 scales in 320 x 200 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 31 KHz Vertical Frequency 60/70 Hz ========================================================================= == COMPAQ MAXLIGHT VGA DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.7 x 7.6 in (14.4 x 19.3 cm) Diagonal Size 9.5 in (24.1 cm) Display Type Edgelit Compensated Supertwist LCD Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Gray Scales 16 scales in 640 x 480 (VGA) 64 scales in 320 x 200 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 30 KHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz ========================================================================= == 3 1/2-INCH 1.44-MB DISKETTE DRIVE (STANDARD) ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Diskette (high/low) 1.44-MB/720-KB Number Supported One Rotation (rpm) 300 Transfer Rate (Kbits/sec)(high/low) 500/250 Bytes Per Sector 512 Sectors Per Track (high/low) 18/9 Tracks Per Side (high/low) 80/80 Access Times: Track-to-Track (ms) (high/low) 3/6 Average (ms) (high/low) 80/60 Settling Time (ms) 15 Latency Average (ms) 100 Cylinders (high/low) 80/80 Read/Write Heads Two ========================================================================= == HARD DRIVES ========================================================================= == 209-MB ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Drive 209-MB Drive Type 16 Transfer Rate at Head (Mbits/sec) Sector Interleave 6.5 1:1 Seek Times (Typical Including Settling): Track-to-Track (ms) 5 Average (ms) 16 Physical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 1,530 Six 512 Logical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 404 Six 512 -------------------------------------------------------------------------120-MB 84-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------Capacity Per Drive 121.4-MB 84.3-MB Drive Type 50 27 Transfer Rate at Interface (Mbits/sec) 6.5 6.5 Sector Interleave 1:1 1:1 Seek Times (Typical Including Settling): Track-to-Track (ms) 5 Average (ms) 16 5 19 Physical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 1,097 Four 512 1,061 Six 512 Logical Configuration: Cylinders 760 832 Heads Eight Six Bytes Per Sector 512 512 ========================================================================= == POWER ========================================================================= == NiMH POWER SMART PACK Dimensions (H x D x W) 0.8 x 5.6 x 3.8 in (2.0 x 14.3 x 9.6 cm) Weight 1.2 lb (0.5 kg) Power Supply: Nominal Open Circuit Voltage Capacity Power 12.0 VAC 14.0 (fully charged) 2.2 Ah 26.4 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 86oF (-20oC to 30oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------ENHANCED NiCD POWER SMART PACK (OPTIONAL) Dimensions (H x D x W) 0.8 x 5.6 x 3.8 in (2.0 x 14.3 x 9.6 cm) Weight 1.2 lb (0.5 kg) Power Supply: Nominal Open Circuit Voltage Capacity Power 12.0 VAC 14.0 (fully charged) 1.7 Ah 20.4 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 122oF (-20oC to 50oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------AC ADAPTER Dimensions (H x D xW) 1.4 x 5.3 x 3.3 in (3.6 x 13.5 x 8.4 cm) Weight 0.8 lb (0.3 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage Operating Current Frequency Maximum Output Voltage Maximum Output Current Maximum Output Power 100 to 120/220 to 240 VAC 0.8/0.4 amps 50 to 60 Hz 18.0 Volts 2.5 amps 35 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 140oF (-20oC to 60oC) ========================================================================= == CONVENIENCE OPTIONS ========================================================================= == DESKTOP EXPANSION BASE Dimensions (H x D x W) 6.1 x 16.0 x 13.5 in (15.5 x 40.6 x 34.3 cm) Weight 19.3 lb (8.8 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage Steady-State Power Operating Current Frequency 100 to 120/220 to 240 VAC 125 Watts 3/1.5 amps 50 to 60 Hz Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------QUICKCONNECT Dimensions (H x D x W ) 1.18 x 2.5 x 11.0 in (3.0 x 6.35 x 28.0 cm) Weight 1.0 lb (0.45 kg) Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------ENHANCED QUICKCONNECT Dimensions (H x D x W ) 1.25 x 11.0 x 3.5 in Weight 1.6 lb Temperature Range: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------CD-ROM ADAPTER Dimensions (H x D x W ) 1.0 x 4.5 x 2.63 in (2.5 x 11.4 x 6.7 cm) Temperature Range: Operating Nonoperating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) -4oF to 140oF (-20oC to 60oC) Relative Humidity (Noncondensing): Operating Nonoperating 10% to 90% 5% to 95% Internal Hardware Interrupt Setting IRQ 9 Direct Memory Access (DMA) Channel DMA 3 I/O Address 3E0h - 3EFh Supported Drives NEC CDR-35, NEC CDR-72, Toshiba TXM-3201, Philips CM231, Hitachi CDR-1650S, SCSI-2 (Sony CDU-6211) -------------------------------------------------------------------------EXTERNAL STORAGE MODULE Dimensions (H x D x W) 2.3 x 12.0 x 6.5 in (5.8 x 30.5 x 16.5 cm) Weight: Without Storage Device With Storage Device 2.6 lb (1.2 kg) 4.5 lb (2.0 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage Steady-State Power Peak Power Operating Current 120/220 to 240 VAC 8 Watts 27 Watts 300 mA Frequency Interface Devices Supported 47 to 63 Hz 28-pin One of the following: 5 1/4-inch 1.2-MB Diskette Drive, 80/120-MB Tape Drive with compression, 60- MB Tape Drive with compression -------------------------------------------------------------------------AUTOMOBILE ADAPTER Dimensions (H x D x W) 1.5 x 3.9 x 1.5 in (3.8 x 9.9 x 3.8 cm) Weight 0.55 lb (0.25 kg) Power Supply: Operating Voltage Operating Current Maximum Output Voltage Maximum Output Current Maximum Output Power 10.0 to 18.0 VDC 4.0 amps 18.5 volts 2.5 amps 35.0 Watts Temperature Range: Operating 41oF to 104oF (5oC to 50oC) Nonoperating -40oF to 194oF (-40oC to 90oC) ========================================================================= == EXPLODED VIEW -- COMPAQ LTE LITE Date: July 1993 Document Number: 038A/0793 ILLUSTRATION OF Exploded View of the Compaq LTE Lite 1. Cable lock provision to physically secure the PC (lock sold separately) 2. Standby button 3. Power on/off switch 4. Special feature hotkeys for quick, easy access to notebook functions 5. NiMH Power Smart Pack 6. 209-Megabyte Hard Drive 7. Battery light 8. Hard drive light 9. Diskette drive light 10. VGA Display 11. Brightness control 12. Ergonomically-designed EasyPoint trackball is easy to work with one hand 13. Separate Home, End, Page-Up and Page-Down keys 14. Option compartment cover 15. Cursor-control keys in an isolated, inverted-T layout 16. Enhanced options slot for a communications option 17. Memory card slot to expand memory up to 20 megabytes 18. 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-Megabyte Diskette Drive PRODUCT FEATURES COMPARISON -- COMPAQ LTE LITE Date: July 1993 Document Number: 038A/0793 SYSTEM UNIT ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Microprocessor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 33-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 25-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 25-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 25-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite/25c 25-MHz 386SL Compaq LTE Lite/25E 25-MHz 386SL Compaq LTE Lite/25 25-MHz 386SL -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Cache Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Integrated 8-Kbyte Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Integrated 8-Kbyte Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Integrated 8-Kbyte Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Integrated 8-Kbyte Compaq LTE Lite/25c 64-Kbyte secondary Compaq LTE Lite/25E 64-Kbyte secondary Compaq LTE Lite/25 16-Kbyte secondary -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Architecture Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 16-Bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 16-Bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 16-Bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 16-Bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite/25c 16-Bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite/25E 16-Bit ISA Compaq LTE Lite/25 16-Bit ISA -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Available Expansion Slots Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25c 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: RAM (Standard) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 4 MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 4 MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 4 MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 4 MB Compaq LTE Lite/25c 4 MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 4 MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 4 MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: RAM (Maximum) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 20 MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 20 MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 20 MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 20 MB Compaq LTE Lite/25c 20 MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 20 MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 20 MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Coprocessor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Integrated Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Integrated Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Integrated Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Integrated Compaq LTE Lite/25c Optional 387SL Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional 387SL Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional 387SL -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Advanced Power Management Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c No Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == STORAGE ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Diskette Drives (Standard) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25c 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 1.44-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 1.44-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Diskette Drives (Optional) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1 and 2), 360-Kbyte (NOTES 1 and 2) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1 and 2), 360-Kbyte (NOTES 1 and 2) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1 and 2), 360-Kbyte (NOTES 1 and 2) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1 and 2), 360-Kbyte (NOTES 1 and 2) Compaq LTE Lite/25c 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1 and 2), 360-Kbyte (NOTES 1 and 2) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1 and 2), 360-Kbyte (NOTES 1 and 2) Compaq LTE Lite/25 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1 and 2), 360-Kbyte (NOTES 1 and 2) NOTES: 1. Desktop Expansion Base option 2. External Storage Module option -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Hard Drives (Standard Models) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 120-/240-MB *, 209-/418-MB * Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 120-/240-MB *, 209-/418-MB * Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 120-/240-MB *, 209-/418-MB * Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 120-/240-MB *, 209-/418-MB * Compaq LTE Lite/25c 84-MB, 120-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25E 84-MB, 120-MB Compaq LTE Lite/25 120-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Up to the higher hard drive capacity with MS-DOS 6 DoubleSpace Disk Compression. -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Tape Drives (Optional) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 60-MB, 80-/120-MB with Compression Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 60-MB, 80-/120-MB with Compression Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 60-MB, 80-/120-MB with Compression Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 60-MB, 80-/120-MB with Compression Compaq LTE Lite/25c 60-MB, 80-/120-MB with Compression Compaq LTE Lite/25E 60-MB, 80-/120-MB with Compression Compaq LTE Lite/25 60-MB, 80-/120-MB with Compression ========================================================================= == INTERFACES ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Enhanced Parallel Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Serial Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: External Keyboard/Pointing Device Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: VGA Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: External Options Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: External Numeric Keypad Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: AC Adapter Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes ========================================================================= == TRACKBALL ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Built-in EasyPoint Trackball Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == DISPLAY ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Standard Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Active Matrix Color Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Active Matrix Color Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Active Matrix Black and White Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Mono STN LCD Compaq LTE Lite/25c Active Matrix Color Compaq LTE Lite/25E Active Matrix Black and White Compaq LTE Lite/25 LCD Monochrome STN -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Resolution Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c VGA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c VGA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E VGA Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25c VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25E VGA Compaq LTE Lite/25 VGA -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Extended Text Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c No Compaq LTE Lite/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 No ========================================================================= == GRAPHICS ========================================================================= == FEATURE: QVision 1024/I Controller Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25c Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) ========================================================================= == MONITORS ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Video Graphics Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Compaq SVGA Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Compaq VGA Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Compaq 1024 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: QVision 170 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: QVision 150 Color Monitor Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Yes Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Yes Compaq LTE Lite/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional ========================================================================= == KEYBOARD ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Internal 101-/102-Key Compatible; Isolated, Inverted-"T" Cursor Keys and Hotkeys Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Standard Standard Standard Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25c Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25E Standard Compaq LTE Lite/25 Standard -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: External Enhanced Keyboard (101-Key) Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25c Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25E Optional Compaq LTE Lite/25 Optional ========================================================================= == OPERATING SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTS ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Preinstalled Software Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 MS-DOS 6, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25c MS-DOS 5, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25E MS-DOS 5, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ Help Online Library, Compaq User Programs and Utilities Compaq LTE Lite/25 -========================================================================= == DIMENSIONS (D x W x H) ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Inches Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 Compaq LTE Lite/25c 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 Compaq LTE Lite/25E 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 Compaq LTE Lite/25 8.5 x 11.0 x 1.75 -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Centimeters Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 Compaq LTE Lite/25c 21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 Compaq LTE Lite/25E 21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 Compaq LTE Lite/25 21.6 x 27.9 x 5.1 ========================================================================= == WEIGHT ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Pounds Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 6.5 Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 6.5 Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 6.4 Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 6.3 Compaq LTE Lite/25c 6.5 Compaq LTE Lite/25E 6.4 Compaq LTE Lite/25 6.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Kilograms Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 2.95 Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 2.95 Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 2.91 Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 2.86 Compaq LTE Lite/25c 2.95 Compaq LTE Lite/25E 2.91 Compaq LTE Lite/25 2.75 ========================================================================= == MEMORY UPGRADE CHART -- COMPAQ LTE LITE Date: July 1993 Document Number: 038A/0793 ILLUSTRATION OF Memory Upgrade Chart for the Compaq LTE Lite/25, Compaq LTE Lite/25E, and Compaq LTE Lite/25c ILLUSTRATION OF Memory Upgrade Chart for the Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c, Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c, Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E, and Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 STANDARD MODELS AND OPTIONS -- COMPAQ LTE LITE Date: July 1993 Document Number: 038A/0793 PRODUCTS ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 33-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-Kbyte internal cache and integrated coprocessor; active matrix color VGA display: 8.4-inch (21.3-cm) diagonal size, supports 256 colors out of a palette of 4,096 in 640 x 480 (VGA) resolution; battery life of 2 to 3 hours Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 25-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-Kbyte internal cache and integrated coprocessor; active matrix color VGA display: 8.4-inch (21.3-cm) diagonal size, supports 256 colors out of a palette of 4,096 in 640 x 480 (VGA) resolution; battery life of 2 to 3 hours Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 25-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-Kbyte internal cache and integrated coprocessor; Compaq UltraView active matrix display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; Compaq Active Matrix Color Display Option Kit (optional); battery life of 3 to 5 hours Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 25-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-Kbyte internal cache and integrated coprocessor; Compaq Maxlight VGA Display; 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolutions, 64-gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; battery life of 3 to 5 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25c integrated 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with cache controller; 64-Kbyte four-way set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor; active matrix color VGA display: 8.4-inch (21.3-cm) diagonal size, supports 256 colors out of a palette of 4,096 in 640 x 480 (VGA) resolution; battery life of 2 to 2 1/2 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25E integrated 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with cache controller; 64-Kbyte four-way set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor; Compaq UltraView Active Matrix Display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; Compaq Active Matrix Color Display Option Kit (optional); battery life of 3 to 4 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25 integrated 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with cache controller; 16-Kbyte four-way set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor; Compaq Maxlight VGA Display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; battery life of up to 4 1/2 hours ========================================================================= == STANDARD MODELS ========================================================================= == Model 209 (Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c, 4/25c, 4/25E, 4/25) 209-Megabyte Hard Drive (16-ms average seek time); 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 Model 120 Model 84 (Compaq LTE 120-MB Hard Drive (16-ms average seek time); 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 Lite/25c, LTE Lite/25E only) time); 84-MB Hard Drive (19-ms average seek 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 ========================================================================= == STANDARD FEATURES ========================================================================= == Display Supports simultaneous display of internal and external display; extended text (no extended text on Compaq LTE Lite/25 and Compaq LTE Lite/25c) Power NiMH Power Smart Packs; accurate battery gauge; auxiliary battery; AC Adapter Power Conservation standby Hibernation feature; up to 80-hour (up to 48 hours on Compaq LTE Lite/25 and Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c); accessible popups with 3 preset levels and 1 custom level of power conservation, APM (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E) Pointing Device designed EasyPoint trackball ergonomically to point and click with one hand (excluding Compaq LTE Lite/25) Interfaces Enhanced parallel; serial; external keyboard/pointing device (mouse); VGA monitor; external options; external numeric keypad; AC Adapter MultiLock Security Features Cable lock provision; power-on password; keyboard password; QuickLock/QuickBlank; hard drive, diskette drive, parallel interface and serial interface controls (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E); SETUP password (486SL-based models and Compaq LTE Lite/25E); asset management provision; network server mode Keyboard 101-/102-key compatible keyboard with cursor-control keys in an isolated, inverted-T layout and special feature hotkeys Preinstalled Software MS-DOS 6 (NOTE 1); Microsoft Windows 3.1; EZ Help Online Library; Compaq User Programs and utilities (excluding Compaq LTE Lite/25) Warranty Three-Year Limited Warranty (One-year on-site warranty. Service is provided by contract service providers and may not be available in certain geographic locations. Please contact the Compaq Customer Support Center for further information. -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES: 1. Some units may have DOS 5.0, but upgrades are available. ========================================================================= == OPTIONS ========================================================================= == Coprocessor/Memory 387SL Coprocessor; 16-, 8-, 4-, and 2-MB Memory Cards (Compaq 386SL-based models); 16-, 8-, and 4-MB Memory Cards (Compaq 486SL-based models) Desktop Expansion Base Two drive bays, two full-sized slots, standard interfaces, integrated AC Adapter and comprehensive security features Enhanced QuickConnect Integrated Ethernet support with 10BaseT and AUI connection interfaces; integrated Adaptec 6260 SCSI support; Standard Interfaces; Enhanced Parallel, serial, external VGA monitor, external Enhanced Keyboard, external numeric keypad, AC Adapter, external storage module, mouse, size and weight; 1.25 x 11.0 x 3.5-inch, 1.6 lbs. QuickConnect Interfaces include: Enhanced parallel; serial; external VGA monitor; external Enhanced Keyboard; external numeric keypad; AC Adapter; external storage module; mouse Communications Compaq SpeedPAQ 144 Modem; Enhanced 9600-bps Internal Modem; Internal Data + Fax Modem; International Enhanced 2400Baud Modem; Enhanced 2400-Baud Internal Modem; Serial Interface Board Convenience Options NiMH External Battery Charger; AC Adapter; Power Smart Pack; Enhanced NiCd Power Smart Pack; Automobile Adapter; Briefcase; Carrying Case; External Storage Module; External Numeric Keypad; Enhanced Keyboard Other Storage External Options Adapter; CD-ROM Adapter; 120-MB Hard Drive Graphics Video Graphics Color Monitor; Compaq VGA Color Monitor; Compaq SVGA Color Monitor; Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor; QVision 170 Color Monitor; QVision 150 Color Monitor; QVision 1024/I Controller (For use in expansion base) ========================================================================= == TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS -- COMPAQ LTE LITE Date: July 1993 Document Number: 038A/0793 SYSTEM UNIT ========================================================================= == DIMENSIONS: All except Compaq LTE Lite/25 (H x D x W) 2.0 x 8.5 x 11.0 in (5.1 x 21.6 x 27.9 cm) Compaq LTE Lite/25 1.75 x 8.5 x 11.0 in (4.45 x 21.6 x 27.9 cm) -------------------------------------------------------------------------WEIGHT: Compaq LTE Lite 4/33c 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 6.3 lb (2.86 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25c 6.5 lb (2.95 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25E 6.4 lb (2.91 kg) Compaq LTE Lite/25 6.0 lb (2.75 kg) -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOMINAL OPERATING: Voltage (VDC) 12 -------------------------------------------------------------------------AVERAGE POWER (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 12.7 Compaq LTE Lite/25c 14.2 Compaq LTE Lite/25E 11.0 Compaq LTE Lite/25 10.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------MAXIMUM POWER (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 25.3 Compaq LTE Lite/25c 25.6 Compaq LTE Lite/25E 23.3 Compaq LTE Lite/25 21.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------PEAK POWER (Watts): Compaq LTE Lite 4/25c 32.0 Compaq LTE Lite/25c 32.3 Compaq LTE Lite/25E 29.1 Compaq LTE Lite/25 21.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -40oF to 140oF (-40oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------RELATIVE HUMIDITY (Noncondensing): Operating 10% to 90% Nonoperating 5% to 95% -------------------------------------------------------------------------MAXIMUM UNPRESSURIZED ALTITUDE: Operating 10,000 ft (3,048 m) Nonoperating 40,000 ft (12,192 m) ========================================================================= == ACTIVE MATRIX COLOR VGA DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.1 x 6.7 in (12.9 x 17.0 cm) Diagonal Size 8.4 in (21.3 cm) Display Type TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Colors 256 in 640 x 480 (VGA) from a palette of 4,096 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 30 KHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz ========================================================================= == COMPAQ ULTRAVIEW DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.7 x 7.6 in (14.4 x 19.3 cm) Diagonal Size 9.5 in (24.1 cm) Display Type TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Gray Scales 16 in 640 x 480 (VGA) 64 in 320 x 200 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 31 KHz Vertical Frequency 60/70 Hz ========================================================================= == COMPAQ MAXLIGHT VGA DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.7 X 7.6 in (14.4 x 19.3 cm) Diagonal Size 9.5 in (24.1 cm) Display Type Edgelit Compensated Supertwist LCD Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Gray Scales 16 in 640 x 480 (VGA) 64 in 320 x 200 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 30 KHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz ========================================================================= == DISKETTE DRIVE -- 3 1/2-INCH 1.44-MB (STANDARD) ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Diskette (high/low) 1.44 MB/720 KB Number Supported One Rotation (rpm) 300 Transfer Rate (Kbits/sec) (high/low) 500/250 Bytes Per Sector 512 Sectors Per Track (high/low) 18/9 Tracks Per Side (high/low) 80/80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------ACCESS TIMES: Track-to-Track (ms) (high/low) 3/6 Average (ms) (high/low) 80/60 Settling Time (ms) 15 Latency Average (ms) 100 Cylinders (high/low) 80/80 Read/Write Heads Two ========================================================================= == HARD DRIVES ========================================================================= == 209-MB ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Drive (MB) 209.0 Drive Type 16 Transfer Rate at Head (Mbits/sec) 6.5 Sector Interleave 1:1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------SEEK TIMES (Typical Including Settling): Track-to-Track (ms) 5 Average (ms) 16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------PHYSICAL CONFIGURATION: Cylinders 1,530 Heads 6 Bytes Per Sector 512 -------------------------------------------------------------------------LOGICAL CONFIGURATION: Cylinders 404 Heads 6 Bytes Per Sector 512 ========================================================================= == HARD DRIVES (continued) ========================================================================= == 120-MB 84-MB ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Drive (MB) 121.4 84.3 Drive Type 50 27 Transfer Rate at Interface (Mbits/sec) 6.5 6.5 Sector Interleave 1:1 1:1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------SEEK TIMES (Typical Including Settling): Track-to-Track (ms) 5 5 Average (ms) 16 19 -------------------------------------------------------------------------PHYSICAL CONFIGURATION: Cylinders 1,061 1,097 Heads 6 4 Bytes Per Sector 512 512 -------------------------------------------------------------------------LOGICAL CONFIGURATION: Cylinders 760 832 Heads 8 6 Bytes Per Sector 512 512 ========================================================================= == POWER ========================================================================= == NiMH POWER SMART PACK: ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 0.8 x 5.6 x 3.8 in (2.0 x 14.3 x 9.6 cm) Weight 1.2 lb (0.5 kg) -------------------------------------------------------------------------POWER SUPPLY: Nominal Open 12.0 VAC Circuit Voltage (14.0 fully charged) Capacity 2.2 Ah Power 26.4 Watts -------------------------------------------------------------------------TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 86oF (-20oC to 30oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------ENHANCED NiCd POWER SMART PACK (Optional): ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 0.8 x 5.6 x 3.8 in (2.0 x 14.3 x 9.6 cm) Weight 1.2 lb (0.5 kg) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- POWER SUPPLY: Nominal Open 12.0 VAC Circuit Voltage 14.0 (fully charged) Capacity 1.7 Ah Power 20.4 Watts -------------------------------------------------------------------------TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 122oF (-20oC to 50oC) ========================================================================= == AC ADAPTER ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 1.4 x 5.3 x 3.3 in (3.6 x 13.5 x 8.4 cm) Weight 0.8 lb (0.3 kg) -------------------------------------------------------------------------POWER SUPPLY: Operating Voltage 100 to 120/220 to 240 VAC Operating Current 0.8/0.4 amps Frequency 50 to 60 Hz Maximum Output Voltage 18.0 Volts Maximum Output Current 2.5 amps Maximum Output Power 35 Watts -------------------------------------------------------------------------TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 140oF (-20oC to 60oC) ========================================================================= == CONVENIENCE OPTIONS ========================================================================= == DESKTOP EXPANSION BASE: ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 6.1 x 16.0 x 13.5 in (15.5 x 40.6 x 34.3 cm) Weight 19.3 lb (8.8 kg) -------------------------------------------------------------------------POWER SUPPLY: Operating Voltage 100 to 120/220 to 240 VAC Steady-State Power 125 Watts Operating Current 3/1.5 amps Frequency 50 to 60 Hz -------------------------------------------------------------------------TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) ========================================================================= == QUICKCONNECT: ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 1.18 x 2.5 x 11.0 in (3.0 x 6.35 x 28.0 cm) Weight 1.0 lb (0.45 kg) -------------------------------------------------------------------------TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) ========================================================================= == ENHANCED QUICKCONNECT ========================================================================= == Dimension (H x D x W) 1.25 x 11.0 x 3.5 in Weight 1.6 lb -------------------------------------------------------------------------TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10o to 40o C) Nonoperating -22o to 140oF (-30o to 60o C) ========================================================================= == CD-ROM ADAPTER: ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 1.0 X 4.5 X 2.63 in (2.5 X 11.4 X 6.7 cm) -------------------------------------------------------------------------TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 140oF (-20oC to 60oC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------RELATIVE HUMIDITY (Noncondensing): Operating 10% to 90% Nonoperating 5% to 95% Internal Hardware Interrupt Setting IRQ 9 Direct Memory Access (DMA) Channel I/O Address Supported Drives DMA 3 3E0h - 3EFh NEC CDR-35, NEC CDR-72, Toshiba TXM-3201, Philips CM231, Hitachi CDR-1650S, SCSI-2 (Sony CDU-6211) ========================================================================= == EXTERNAL STORAGE MODULE ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 2.3 x 12.0 x 6.5 in (5.8 x 30.5 x 16.5 cm) -------------------------------------------------------------------------WEIGHT: Without Storage Device 2.6 lb (1.2 kg) With Storage Device 4.5 lb (2.0 kg) -------------------------------------------------------------------------POWER SUPPLY: Operating Voltage 120/220 to 240 VAC Steady-State Power 8 Watts Peak Power 27 Watts Operating Current 300 mA Frequency 47 to 63 Hz Interface 28-pin Devices Supported One of the following: 5 1/4-inch 1.2-MB Diskette Drive, 80-/120-MB Tape Drive with Compression, 60-MB Tape Drive with Compression -------------------------------------------------------------------------AUTOMOBILE ADAPTER Dimensions (H x D x W) 1.5 x 3.9 x 1.5 in (3.8 x 9.9 x 3.8 cm) Weight 0.55 lb (0.25 kg) -------------------------------------------------------------------------POWER SUPPLY: Operating Voltage 10.0 to 18.0 VDC Operating Current 4.0 amps Maximum Output Voltage 18.5 volts Maximum Output Current 2.5 amps Maximum Output Power 35.0 Watts -------------------------------------------------------------------------TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 41oF to 104oF (5oC to 50oC) Nonoperating -40oF to 194oF (-40oC to 90oC) ========================================================================= == EXPLODED VIEW -- COMPAQ LTE Lite Date: December 1992 Document Number: 083A/1292 ILLUSTRATION OF Exploded View of the COMPAQ LTE Lite 1. Cable lock provision to physically secure the PC (lock sold separately) 2. Standby button 3. Power on/off switch 4. Special feature hotkeys for quick, easy access to notebook functions 5. NiMH Power Smart Pack 6. 120-Megabyte Hard Drive 7. Battery light 8. Hard drive light 9. Diskette drive light 10. VGA Display 11. Brightness control 12. Ergonomically-designed EasyPoint trackball is easy to work with one hand 13. Separate Home, End, Page-Up and Page-Down keys 14. Option compartment cover 15. Cursor-control keys in an isolated, inverted-T layout 16. Enhanced options slot for a communications option 17. Memory card slot to expand memory up to 20 megabytes 18. 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-Megabyte Diskette Drive PORTABLE AND NOTEBOOK PRODUCTS FEATURES COMPARISON -- COMPAQ LTE Lite Date: December 1992 Document Number: 083A/1292 SYSTEM UNIT ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Microprocessor COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 25-MHz 386SL COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 25-MHz 386SL COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 25-MHz 386SL COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 25-MHz 486SL -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Cache COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 16-Kbyte secondary COMPAQ LTE Lite/25c 64-Kbyte secondary COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 64-Kbyte secondary COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25c Integrated 8-Kbyte -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Architecture COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 16-Bit ISA COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 16-Bit ISA COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 16-Bit ISA COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 16-Bit ISA -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Available Expansion Slots COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 2 (Desktop Expansion Base Option) -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: RAM (Standard) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 4 MB COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 4 MB COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 4 MB COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 4 MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: RAM (Maximum) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 20 MB COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 20 MB COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 20 MB COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 20 MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Coprocessor COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Optional 387SL COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Optional 387SL COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Optional 387SL COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Integrated -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Advanced Power Management COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 No COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C No COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Yes ========================================================================= == STORAGE ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Diskette Drives (Standard) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 1.44-MB COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 1.44-MB COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 1.44-MB COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 1.44-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Diskette Drives (Optional) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1 and 2), 60-Kbyte (NOTES 1 and 2) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1 and 2), 60-Kbyte (NOTES 1 and 2) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1 and 2), 60-Kbyte (NOTES 1 and 2) COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 1.44-MB, 1.2-MB (NOTES 1 and 2), 60-Kbyte (NOTES 1 and 2) NOTES: 1. Desktop Expansion Base option 2. External Storage Module option -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Hard Drives (Standard Models) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 84-MB, 120-MB COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 84-MB, 120-MB COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 84-MB, 120-MB COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 120-MB, 209-MB -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Tape Drives (Optional) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 60-MB, 80-/120-MB with Compression COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 60-MB, 80-/120-MB with Compression COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 60-MB, 80-/120-MB with Compression COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 60-MB, 80-/120-MB with Compression ========================================================================= == INTERFACES ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Enhanced Parallel COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Serial COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: External Keyboard/Pointing Device COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: VGA Monitor COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: External Options COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: External Numeric Keypad COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Yes Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Yes -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: AC Adapter COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Yes ========================================================================= == TRACKBALL ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Built-in EasyPoint Trackball COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 No COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Yes ========================================================================= == DISPLAY ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Standard COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 LCD Monochrome STN COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Active Matrix Color COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Active Matrix Black and White COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Active Matrix Color -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Resolution COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 VGA COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C VGA COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E VGA COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C VGA -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Extended Text COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 No COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C No COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Yes COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Yes ========================================================================= == GRAPHICS ========================================================================= == FEATURE: QVision 1024/I Controller COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Optional (Desktop Expansion Base Option) ========================================================================= == MONITORS ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Video Graphics Color Monitor COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: COMPAQ SVGA Color Monitor COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: COMPAQ VGA Color Monitor COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: COMPAQ 1024 Color Monitor COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEATURE: QVision 170 Color Monitor COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Optional -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: QVision 150 Color Monitor COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Optional ========================================================================= == KEYBOARD ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Internal 101-/102-Key Compatible; Isolated, Inverted-"T" Cursor Keys; and Hotkeys COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Standard COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Standard COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Standard COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Standard -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: External Enhanced Keyboard (101-Key) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E Optional COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C Optional ========================================================================= == OPERATING SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTS ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Preinstalled Software COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 -- COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C MS-DOS 5, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ Help Online Library, COMPAQ User Programs and Utilities COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E MS-DOS 5, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ Help Online Library, COMPAQ User Programs and Utilities COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C MS-DOS 5, Microsoft Windows 3.1, EZ Help Online Library, COMPAQ User Programs and Utilities ========================================================================= == DIMENSIONS (D x W x H) ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Inches COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 8.5 x 11.0 x 1.75 COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Centimeters COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 21.6 x 27.9 x 5.1 COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 21.6 x 27.9 x 4.45 ========================================================================= == WEIGHT ========================================================================= == FEATURE: Pounds COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 6.0 COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 6.5 COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 6.4 COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 6.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------FEATURE: Kilograms COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 2.75 COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C 2.95 COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E 2.91 COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 2.95 ========================================================================= == MEMORY UPGRADE CHART -- COMPAQ LTE Lite Date: December 1992 Document Number: 083A/1292 ILLUSTRATION OF Memory Upgrade Chart for the COMPAQ LTE Lite/25, COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E, and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C ILLUSTRATION OF Memory Upgrade Chart for the COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C STANDARD MODELS AND OPTIONS -- COMPAQ LTE Lite Date: December 1992 Document Number: 083A/1292 PRODUCTS ========================================================================= == COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C 25-MHz 486SL microprocessor with 8-Kbyte internal cache and integrated coprocessor; active matrix color VGA display: 8.4-inch (21.3-cm) diagonal size, supports 256 colors out of a palette of 4,096 in 640 x 480 (VGA) resolution; battery life of 2 to 3 hours COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C integrated 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with cache controller; 64-Kbyte four-way set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor; active matrix color VGA display: 8.4-inch (21.3-cm) diagonal size, supports 256 colors out of a palette of 4,096 in 640 x 480 (VGA) resolution; battery life of 2 to 2 1/2 hours COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E integrated 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with cache controller; 64-Kbyte four-way set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor; COMPAQ UltraView Active Matrix Display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; COMPAQ Active Matrix Color Display Option Kit (optional); battery life of 3 to 4 hours COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 integrated 25-MHz 386SL microprocessor with cache controller; 16-Kbyte four-way set-associative cache; socket for a 387SL coprocessor; COMPAQ Maxlight VGA Display: 9.5-inch (24.1-cm) diagonal size, 16 gray shades in 640 x 480 resolution, 64 gray shades in 320 x 200 resolution; battery life of up to 4 1/2 hours ========================================================================= == STANDARD MODELS ========================================================================= == Model 209 (COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C only) 209-Megabyte Hard Drive (16-ms average seek time); 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 Model 120 120-MB Hard Drive (16-ms average seek time); 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 Model 84 time); 84-MB Hard Drive (19-ms average seek 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-MB Diskette Drive; 4 MB of system memory, expandable to 20 ========================================================================= == STANDARD FEATURES ========================================================================= == Display Supports simultaneous display of internal and external display; extended text (no extended text on COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C) Power NiMH Power Smart Packs; accurate battery gauge; auxiliary battery; AC Adapter Power Conservation standby Hibernation feature; up to 80-hour (up to 48 hours on COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 and COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C); accessible popups with 3 preset levels and 1 custom level of power conservation, APM (486SL-based models and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E) Pointing Device designed EasyPoint trackball ergonomically to point and click with one hand (excluding COMPAQ LTE Lite/25) Interfaces Enhanced parallel; serial; external keyboard/pointing device (mouse); VGA monitor; external options; external numeric keypad; AC Adapter MultiLock Security Features Cable lock provision; power-on password; keyboard password; QuickLock/QuickBlank; hard drive, diskette drive, parallel interface and serial interface controls (486SL-based models and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E); SETUP password (486SL-based models and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E); asset management provision; network server mode Keyboard 101-/102-key compatible keyboard with cursor-control keys in an isolated, inverted-T layout and special feature hotkeys Preinstalled Software MS-DOS 5; Microsoft Windows 3.1; EZ Help Online Library; COMPAQ User Programs and utilities (excluding COMPAQ LTE Lite/25) Warranty Three-Year Limited Warranty (One-year on-site warranty. Service is provided by third-party service agents and may not be available in certain geographic locations. Please contact the COMPAQ Customer Support Center for further information. ========================================================================= == OPTIONS ========================================================================= == Coprocessor/Memory 387SL Coprocessor; 16-, 8-, 4-, and 2-MB Memory Cards (COMPAQ 386SL-based models); 16-, 8-, and 4-MB Memory Cards (COMPAQ 486SL-based models) Desktop Expansion Base Two drive bays, two full-sized slots, standard interfaces, integrated AC Adapter and comprehensive security features QuickConnect Interfaces include: Enhanced parallel; serial; external VGA monitor; external Enhanced Keyboard; external numeric keypad; AC Adapter; external storage module; mouse Communications COMPAQ SpeedPAQ 144 Modem; Enhanced 9600-bps Internal Modem; Internal Data + Fax Modem; International Enhanced 2400Baud Modem; Enhanced 2400-Baud Internal Modem; Serial Interface Board Convenience Options NiMH External Battery Charger; AC Adapter; Power Smart Pack; Enhanced NiCd Power Smart Pack; Automobile Adapter; Briefcase; Carrying Case; External Storage Module; External Numeric Keypad; Enhanced Keyboard Other Storage External Options Adapter; CD-ROM Adapter; 120-MB Hard Drive Graphics Video Graphics Color Monitor; COMPAQ VGA Color Monitor; COMPAQ SVGA Color Monitor; Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor; QVision 170 Color Monitor; QVision 150 Color Monitor; QVision 1024/I Controller (For use in expansion base) ========================================================================= == TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS -- COMPAQ LTE Lite Date: December 1992 Document Number: 083A/1292 SYSTEM UNIT ========================================================================= == DIMENSIONS: All except COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 (H x D x W) 2.0 x 8.5 x 11.0 in (5.1 x 21.6 x 27.9 cm) COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 cm) WEIGHT: COMPAQ COMPAQ COMPAQ COMPAQ LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite 4/25C Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite/25 NOMINAL OPERATING: Voltage (VDC) AVERAGE POWER (Watts): 1.75 x 8.5 x 11.0 in (4.45 x 21.6 x 27.9 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.0 12 lb lb lb lb (2.95 (2.95 (2.91 (2.75 kg) kg) kg) kg) COMPAQ COMPAQ COMPAQ COMPAQ LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite 4/25C Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite/25 12.7 14.2 11.0 10.0 MAXIMUM POWER (Watts): COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 25.3 25.6 23.3 21.0 PEAK POWER (Watts): COMPAQ LTE Lite 4/25C COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 32.0 32.3 29.1 21.0 TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating Nonoperating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) -40oF to 140oF (-40oC to 60oC) RELATIVE HUMIDITY (Noncondensing): Operating Nonoperating 10% to 90% 5% to 95% MAXIMUM UNPRESSURIZED ALTITUDE: Operating 10,000 ft (3,048 m) Nonoperating 40,000 ft (12,192 m) ========================================================================= == ACTIVE MATRIX COLOR VGA DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.1 x 6.7 in (12.9 x 17.0 cm) Diagonal Size 8.4 in (21.3 cm) Display Type TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Colors 256 in 640 x 480 (VGA) from a palette of 4,096 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 30 KHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz ========================================================================= == COMPAQ ULTRAVIEW DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.7 x 7.6 in (14.4 x 19.3 cm) Diagonal Size 9.5 in (24.1 cm) Display Type TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Gray Scales 16 in 640 x 480 (VGA) 64 in 320 x 200 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 31 KHz Vertical Frequency 60/70 Hz ========================================================================= == COMPAQ MAXLIGHT VGA DISPLAY ========================================================================= == Image Area Dimensions (H x W) 5.7 X 7.6 in (14.4 x 19.3 cm) Diagonal Size 9.5 in (24.1 cm) Display Type Edgelit Compensated Supertwist LCD Mounting Internal Pixel Pitch 0.27 mm Modes Supported VGA, EGA, CGA Maximum Resolution 640 x 480 Gray Scales 16 in 640 x 480 (VGA) 64 in 320 x 200 Character Display 80/40 x 25 Brightness Adjustable Horizontal Frequency 30 KHz Vertical Frequency 70 Hz ========================================================================= == DISKETTE DRIVE -- 3 1/2-INCH 1.44-MB (STANDARD) ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Diskette (high/low) 1.44 MB/720 KB Number Supported One Rotation (rpm) 300 Transfer Rate (Kbits/sec) (high/low) 500/250 Bytes Per Sector 512 Sectors Per Track (high/low) 18/9 Tracks Per Side (high/low) 80/80 ACCESS TIMES: Track-to-Track (ms) (high/low) 3/6 Average (ms) (high/low) 80/60 Settling Time (ms) 15 Latency Average (ms) 100 Cylinders (high/low) 80/80 Read/Write Heads Two ========================================================================= == HARD DRIVES ========================================================================= == 209-MB ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Drive (MB) 209.0 Drive Type 16 Transfer Rate at Head (Mbits/sec) 6.5 Sector Interleave 1:1 TYPICAL SEEK TIMES (Including Settling): Track-to-Track (ms) Average (ms) 5 16 PHYSICAL CONFIGURATION: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 1,530 6 512 LOGICAL CONFIGURATION: Cylinders 404 Heads 6 Bytes Per Sector 512 ========================================================================= == HARD DRIVES (continued) ========================================================================= == 120-MB 84-MB ========================================================================= == Capacity Per Drive (MB) 121.4 84.3 Drive Type 50 27 Transfer Rate at Interface (Mbits/sec) 6.5 6.5 Sector Interleave 1:1 1:1 TYPICAL SEEK TIMES (Including Settling): Track-to-Track (ms) Average (ms) 5 16 5 19 PHYSICAL CONFIGURATION: Cylinders Heads Bytes Per Sector 1,061 6 512 1,097 4 512 LOGICAL CONFIGURATION: Cylinders 760 832 Heads 8 6 Bytes Per Sector 512 512 ========================================================================= == POWER ========================================================================= == NiMH POWER SMART PACK ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 0.8 x 5.6 x 3.8 in (2.0 x 14.3 x 9.6 cm) Weight 1.2 lb (0.5 kg) POWER SUPPLY: Nominal Open Circuit Voltage Capacity Power 12.0 VAC (14.0 fully charged) 2.2 Ah 26.4 Watts TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 86oF (-20oC to 30oC) ========================================================================= == ENHANCED NiCd POWER SMART PACK (Optional) ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 0.8 x 5.6 x 3.8 in (2.0 x 14.3 x 9.6 cm) Weight 1.2 lb (0.5 kg) POWER SUPPLY: Nominal Open Circuit Voltage Capacity Power 12.0 VAC 14.0 (fully charged) 1.7 Ah 20.4 Watts TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 122oF (-20oC to 50oC) ========================================================================= == AC ADAPTER ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 1.4 x 5.3 x 3.3 in (3.6 x 13.5 x 8.4 cm) Weight 0.8 lb (0.3 kg) POWER SUPPLY: Operating Voltage Operating Current Frequency Maximum Output Voltage Maximum Output Current Maximum Output Power 100 to 120/220 to 240 VAC 0.8/0.4 amps 50 to 60 Hz 18.0 Volts 2.5 amps 35 Watts TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -4oF to 140oF (-20oC to 60oC) ========================================================================= == CONVENIENCE OPTIONS ========================================================================= == DESKTOP EXPANSION BASE ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 6.1 x 16.0 x 13.5 in (15.5 x 40.6 x 34.3 cm) Weight 19.3 lb (8.8 kg) POWER SUPPLY: Operating Voltage Steady-State Power Operating Current Frequency 100 to 120/220 to 240 VAC 125 Watts 3/1.5 amps 50 to 60 Hz TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) ========================================================================= == QUICKCONNECT ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 1.18 x 2.5 x 11.0 in (3.0 x 6.35 x 28.0 cm) Weight 1.0 lb (0.45 kg) TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) Nonoperating -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) ========================================================================= == CD-ROM ADAPTER ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 1.0 X 4.5 X 2.63 in (2.5 X 11.4 X 6.7 cm) TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating Nonoperating 50oF to 104oF (10oC to 40oC) -4oF to 140oF (-20oC to 60oC) RELATIVE HUMIDITY (Noncondensing): Operating Nonoperating Internal Hardware Interrupt Setting 10% to 90% 5% to 95% IRQ 9 Direct Memory Access (DMA) Channel I/O Address Supported Drives DMA 3 3E0h - 3EFh NEC CDR-35, NEC CDR-72, Toshiba TXM-3201, Philips CM231, Hitachi CDR-1650S, SCSI-2 (Sony CDU-6211) ========================================================================= == EXTERNAL STORAGE MODULE ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 2.3 x 12.0 x 6.5 in (5.8 x 30.5 x 16.5 cm) WEIGHT: Without Storage Device With Storage Device POWER SUPPLY: Operating Voltage Steady-State Power Peak Power Operating Current Frequency Interface Devices Supported 2.6 lb (1.2 kg) 4.5 lb (2.0 kg) 120/220 to 240 VAC 8 Watts 27 Watts 300 mA 47 to 63 Hz 28-pin One of the following: 5 1/4-inch 1.2-MB Diskette Drive, 80-/120-MB Tape Drive with Compression, 60-MB Tape Drive with Compression ========================================================================= == AUTOMOBILE ADAPTER ========================================================================= == Dimensions (H x D x W) 1.5 x 3.9 x 1.5 in (3.8 x 9.9 x 3.8 cm) Weight 0.55 lb (0.25 kg) POWER SUPPLY: Operating Voltage Operating Current Maximum Output Voltage Maximum Output Current Maximum Output Power 10.0 to 18.0 VDC 4.0 amps 18.5 volts 2.5 amps 35.0 Watts TEMPERATURE RANGE: Operating 41oF to 104oF (5oC to 50oC) Nonoperating -40oF to 194oF (-40oC to 90oC) ========================================================================= == COMPAQ QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE -- VOLUME ONE Publication Date: December 1995 Document Number: 107315-025 LTE Lite System Boards ========================================================================= == Assembly Spare Part System Description Number Number Unit ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ 386/20 SL System Board 129804-001 129971-001 Lite/20 386/25 SL System Board 129503-001 129892-001 Lite/25 386/25 SL System Board 138283-001 138319-001 Lite/25C 386/25 SL System Board 138052-001 138053-001 Lite/25E 486/25 SL System Board 4/25C 142330-001 142333-001 Lite Lite 4/25E 486/25 SL System Board 190819-001 190856-001 Lite 4/25 486/33 SL System Board 142510-001 142437-001 Lite 4/33C ========================================================================= == Memory Cards ========================================================================= == Assembly Spare Part System Description Number Number Unit ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ 2 MB Memory Card 121127-005 129937-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25E Lite/25C 4 MB Memory Card 121127-007 129947-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25E Lite/25C 8 MB Memory Card 121127-006 129938-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25E Lite/25C 16 MB Memory Card 121127-008 138343-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25E Lite/25C 32 Bit 4 MB Card 4/25C 142340-020 142342-001 Lite Lite 4/25E Lite 4/33C 32 Bit 8 MB Card 4/25C 142340-030 142342-002 Lite Lite 4/25E Lite 4/33C 32 Bit 16 MB Card 4/25C 142340-040 142342-003 Lite Lite 4/25E Lite 4/33C ========================================================================= == Miscellaneous Internal ========================================================================= == Assembly Spare Part System Part Number Number Unit ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ Second Serial Board 121173-002 121240-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C Trackball, Assembly 4/25C 138299-001 138340-001 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite Lite 4/25E Lite 4/33C Trackball, Assembly 138299-002 190861-001 Lite 4/25 Trackball, Assembly except 138299-001 138340-001 All Lite 4/25 Trackball, Matte * 147078-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/33C Trackball, Cleaning Kit * 184114-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/33C Enhanced Assembly Slot Bracket 139351-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C -------------------------------------------------------------------------* A Trackball (Matte), retainer ring, and/or trackball cleaning kit may be obtained directly by United States customers by calling 1-800-841-2761. In Canada, call 1-800-952-7689. ========================================================================= == Video ========================================================================= == Assembly Spare Part System Part Number Number Unit ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ Display Inverter Board 002107-001 129739-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Display Inverter Board 002553-001 138322-001 Lite/25C Lite 4/25C Lite 4/33C Display Inverter Board 002837-001 138054-001 Lite/25E Lite 003188-001 190853-001 Lite 4/25 138323-001 Lite/25C Lite 4/25E Display Inverter Board Color TFT Panel 4/25C Lite 4/33C Monochrome TFT Panel 138041-001 Lite/25E Lite Monochrome TFT Panel 190851-001 Lite 4/25 Display Panel 129906-001 4/25E Lite/20 Lite/25 ========================================================================= == Compaq SpeedPaq 144 Modem (Spare Part Number 199906-001) * ** ========================================================================= == Internal DAA External DAA Telephone Cable Assembly Assembly Spare Part Country Number Number Number ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ United States, Canada 199906-001 * 127844-002 137256-001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Includes both the engine and the DAA. ** Requires Enhanced Assembly Slot Adapter, Spare Part Number 139625-001. ========================================================================= == Compaq SpeedPaq 144 Modem Modem Engine Assembly 002449-001 (Spare Part 199906-001) * ========================================================================= == Internal DAA Internal DAA External DAA Telephone Assembly Spare Part Spare Part Cable Spare Country Number Number Number Part Number ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ Germany 135698-041 141961-001 127844-042 127944001 United Kingdom 001 135698-031 141960-001 127844-032 135715- Netherlands 001 135725-331 135748-001 127844-332 127941- Australia 001 135725-011 135749-001 127844-012 126750- Finland 135725-351 199907-001 127844-352 127943001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Except United States and Canada. ========================================================================= == Miscellaneous External ========================================================================= == Spare Part System Description Number Unit ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ Enhanced NiCd Power Smart Pack 129948-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C NiMH Power Smart Pack 129894-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C CD-ROM Adapter 121467-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C AC Adapter 129827-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C Automobile Adapter 129816-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C External Battery Charger 129841-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C External Storage Module * N/A Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C External Storage Module ** N/A Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C External Options Adapter 126752-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C QuickConnect 138424-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C AC Adapter 142498-001 Lite 4/33C -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Requires Adapter Cable (Spare Part Number 125606-001) and External Options Adapter. ** Requires External Options Adapter (Spare Part Number 126752-001). ========================================================================= == Internal Hard Drives ========================================================================= == Drive Drive Minimum Spare Part System Size Type Interleave Integrated ROM Number Unit ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ 40 MB 53 1:1 Y 012092 Not Available Lite/20 (NOTE 1) 40 MB 53 1:1 Y 012092 129902-001 (NOTE 2) Lite/20 60 MB 60 1:1 Y 012092 129984-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 84 MB 27 1:1 Y 012092 139390-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E 120 MB 50 1:1 Y 012092 129981-001 Lite/25 Lite/25C 120 MB * 50 1:1 Y 090492 129517-001 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/33C 209 MB 16 1:1 Y 139715-001 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/33C -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES 1: Except Europe. 2: Europe only. * Drive does not support DriveLock feature. ========================================================================= == Desktop Expansion Base ========================================================================= == Assembly Spare Part Components Number Number ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ 6260 SCSI-2 Controller Board ** 004004-001 146993-001 (illustration of jumper/switch settings) 6260 SCSI-2 Controller Board ** 002831-001 (illustration of jumper/switch settings) 133880-001 Ethernet 16TP Board 003086-001 147220-001 QVision 1024/I Controller Board ** 002163-001 (illustration of jumper/switch settings) 126655-001 QVision 1280/I Controller Board ** 002951-001 (illustration of jumper/switch settings) 139182-001 Backplane Board 002196-001 (illustration of jumper/switch settings) 133651-001 Horizontal Interconnect Board 002199-001 133652-001 Power Supply 001454-001 121394-001 Power Supply 003026-001 136942-001 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Not interchangeable with Spare Part Number 121394-001. ** See Multiproduct Boards, for settings. ========================================================================= == Hard Drives for Expansion Base ========================================================================= == Drive Minimum Spare Part Size Type Interleave Integrated ROM Number ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ 340 MB 1:1 Y 199966-001 525 MB 1:1 Y 197014-001 ========================================================================= == CD-ROM Drives ========================================================================= == Description Spare Part Number ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ DualSpeed Internal 133881-001 DualSpeed External 133882-001 ========================================================================= == Tape Drives * ========================================================================= == Description Spare Part Number System Unit ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ 60 MB with compression * 112524-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C 80/120 MB with compression * 122087-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C 120/250 MB with compression ** 197490-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Used in Desktop Expansion Base or External Storage Module. ** Used in Desktop Expansion Base. ========================================================================= == Diskette Drives ========================================================================= == Description Spare Part Number System Unit ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ 360 KB * 112567-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C 1.2 MB * 4/25C 112566-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C 1.44 MB 129900-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C 1.44 MB ** 112565-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Used in Desktop Expansion Base or External Storage Module. ** Used in Desktop Expansion Base only. ========================================================================= == Cables ========================================================================= == Description Used With Spare Part Number System Unit ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ Diskette Cable Diskette Drive 129940-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C Hard Drive Cable Hard Drive 126373-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Lite/25C Lite/25E Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Lite 4/25 Lite 4/33C Display Cable Display Unit 126372-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Display Cable Display Unit 138042-001 Lite/25E Display Cable 4/33C Display Unit 142431-001 Lite Display Cable Display Unit 190852-001 Lite 4/25 Display Cable Display Unit 138326-001 Lite/25C Lite 4/25C Lite 4/33C ========================================================================= == System Processor Location ========================================================================= == System Processor Location ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ 386SL and 486SL U5 ========================================================================= == System Coprocessor Locations ========================================================================= == Coprocessor Spare Part Number Location ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ 387SX * 136775-001 * U500 387SL (Lite/25 and Lite/20) 139344-001 U500 -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Replaced by 387SL. ========================================================================= == System ROM Information ========================================================================= == Description Spare Part Number Revision ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ Update Diskette (ROMPaq) 181088-001 030794 Keyboard I/O Controller 140068-001 051192 ========================================================================= == Power Supply/Battery ========================================================================= == Description Spare Part Number System Unit ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ Power Supply 129895-001 Lite/20 Lite/25 Power Supply 138317-001 Lite/25C Lite/25E Power Supply 142344-001 Lite 4/25 Lite 4/25C Lite 4/25E Power Supply 142533-001 Lite 4/33C Clock/Battery 129907-001 ========================================================================= == Compaq LTE Lite Family QuickSpecs Standard Models, Features, and Options Date: September 1993 Document Number: STANDARD MODELS ========================================================================= == COMPAQ LTE LITE 4/33C: Model 120/240/w * 142500-003 Model 209/418/w * 142500-004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------COMPAQ LTE LITE 4/25E: Model 120/240/w * 146200-004 Model 209/418/w * 146200-006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------COMPAQ LTE LITE 4/25: Model 120/240/w * 190800-002 Model 209/418/w * 190800-004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------COMPAQ LTE LITE/25C: Model 84/w 138250-003 Model 120/w 138250-004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------COMPAQ LTE LITE/25E: Model 84/w 138000-003 Model 120/w 138000-004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------COMPAQ LTE LITE/25: Model 120 129500-004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Up to double your hard disk space with MS-DOS 6 DoubleSpace Disk Compression. ========================================================================= == STANDARD FEATURES ========================================================================= == All models feature a 3.5" 1.44-Megabyte Diskette Drive and 4 megabytes of system memory, expandable to 20 megabytes -------------------------------------------------------------------------SIZE (INCHES) AND WEIGHT: Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C and LTE Lite/25C 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 -- 6.5 lbs. Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E and LTE Lite/25E 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 -- 6.4 lbs. Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 8.5 x 11.0 x 2.0 -- 6.3 lbs. Compaq LTE Lite/25 8.5 x 11.0 x 1.75 -- 6.0 lbs. -------------------------------------------------------------------------PROCESSOR: Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 and LTE Lite 4/25E numeric 33-MHz 486SL with integrated numeric coprocessor, 8-Kbyte cache, and power-saving features 25-MHz 486SL with integrated coprocessor, 8-Kbyte cache, and power-saving features Compaq LTE Lite/25E, LTE Lite/25C and LTE Lite/25 25-MHz 386SL with 64-Kbyte cache and socket for 387SL coprocessor -------------------------------------------------------------------------DISPLAY/GRAPHICS: Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E and LTE Lite/25E inch) Compaq UltraView Display (9.5-- World's only Active Matrix Black and White VGA Display Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C and LTE Lite/25C inch) Active Matrix Color VGA (8.4- Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 and LTE Lite/25 inch) Compaq Maxlight Display (9.5 -- Passive Matrix Monochrome -------------------------------------------------------------------------INTEGRATED POINTING DEVICE: Compaq EasyPoint Trackball ergonomically designed to point and click with one hand, always ready to use -------------------------------------------------------------------------UPGRADEABILITY: Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E and LTE Lite/25E Display Upgrade to Active Matrix Color Compaq LTE Lite/25C and LTE Lite/25E Processor Upgrade to 25-MHz 486SL Compaq LTE Lite 4/25C and LTE Lite/25C Processor Upgrade to 33-MHz 486SL -------------------------------------------------------------------------POWER AND TYPICAL BATTERY LIFE: Accurate battery gauge displays time remaining in hours and minutes, Auxiliary Battery, AC Adapter, Compaq NiMH Power Smart Pack Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E and LTE Lite 4/25 3 - 5 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25E 3 - 4 hours Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C 2 - 3 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25C 2 - 2.5 hours Compaq LTE Lite/25 3 - 4.5 hours -------------------------------------------------------------------------KEYBOARD: 101-/102-key compatible keyboard, isolated inverted "T" cursor keys, special feature hotkeys for instant access to: battery gauge, power conservation, QuickLock and QuickBlank, normal/reverse video, and toggle between internal display/external/simultaneous display, speaker volume control -------------------------------------------------------------------------POWER CONSERVATION: Hibernation, up to 48-hour standby, pop ups with 3 preset and 1 custom level of power conservation, Advanced Power Management Support -------------------------------------------------------------------------MULTILOCK SECURITY FEATURES: Cablelock Provision, Power-on Password, Keyboard Password, Interface Controls, QuickLock/QuickBlank, SETUP Password -------------------------------------------------------------------------INTERFACES: Enhanced parallel, serial, external keyboard/pointing device (mouse), external VGA monitor, External Options, external numeric keypad, AC Adapter -------------------------------------------------------------------------PREINSTALLED SOFTWARE: MS-DOS 6 on 486-SL based models, MS-Windows 3.1, Compaq EZ Help Online Library, User Programs and Utilities -------------------------------------------------------------------------SERVICE AND SUPPORT: CompaqCare - Provides a wide range of service offerings including three-year, worldwide limited warranty, lifetime toll-free 7 x 24 customer support, RemotePaq allowing technical support engineers to remotely troubleshoot hardware and software configurations ========================================================================= == OPTIONS ========================================================================= == Part # ========================================================================= == DESKTOP EXPANSION: Desktop Expansion Base 001 Two drive bays, two full-sized slots, standard interfaces, integrated AC adapter, and comprehensive security features 133600- QuickConnect 001 For simple connection to external peripherals. Interfaces include: enhanced parallel, serial, external VGA monitor, external enhanced keyboard, external numeric keypad, AC adapter, external storage module, and mouse 129518- Enhanced QuickConnect 001 Same standard interfaces as QuickConnect with integrated Ethernet and SCSI support 142515- Optional AC Adapter 142478001 Adapter for AUI port on Enhanced QuickConnect -------------------------------------------------------------------------MEMORY/PROCESSOR/COPROCESSOR: 486SL-based 386SLbased 2-MB Memory Card N/A 129769001 4-MB Memory Card 142337-002 129769002 8-MB Memory Card 142337-003 129769003 16-MB Memory Card 142337-004 129769004 Compaq LTE Lite 486SL Processor Option Kit N/A 142518001 Compaq LTE Lite 486SL 33-MHz Option Kit (4/25C and /25C only) ** 142415-001 142415001 387SL Coprocessor N/A 129998001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Other Storage: External Options Adapter 001 6260 Adapter (25-Inch Cable) 001 External Storage Module 005 80-/120-MB Tape Drive with Compression @ 001 120-MB Hard Drive 001 209-MB Hard Drive 001 210-MB Hard Drive @ 001 124910142519117079131247142757142351114916- 6260 SCSI-2 Controller @ 133857001 Internal Dual Speed CD Rom Drive @ 133856001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Graphics: LTE Lite Active Matrix Color Display Option Kit 138060001 Compaq 1024 @, QVision @, and SVGA Monitors -------------------------------------------------------------------------Communications: SpeedPaq 144 Modem 135665001 Cellular Connection Cable -- Motorola 135692001 Cellular Connection Cable -- Nokia 135691001 Enhanced 9600-bps Data+Fax Modem 125901002 Enhanced 2400-Baud Internal Modem 121033002 Internal Data+Fax Modem 137120001 Serial Interface Board 121119002 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Convenience Options: External Battery Charger ! 001 AC Adapter 001 NiMH Power Smart Pack 001 NiCd Power Smart Pack 001 APM Option Kit (through Service only for 386SL) 001 Automobile Adapter 001 Briefcase 001 Carrying Case 001 External Numeric Keypad 001 Enhanced II Keyboard 001 129742129741129773129774145584129762129777138058117092110562- Compaq Mouse 143315001 Technical Reference Guide 138428001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------# No 386SL-board part number required @ Supported in Desktop Expansion Base only ! AC Adapter required ========================================================================= == NOTICE The information in this guide is subject to change without notice. COMPAQ COMPUTER CORPORATION SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR TECHNICAL OR EDITORIAL ERRORS OR OMISSIONS CONTAINED HEREIN; NOR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE FURNISHING, PERFORMANCE, OR USE OF THIS MATERIAL. This guide contains information protected by copyright. No part of this guide may be photocopied or reproduced in any form without prior written consent from Compaq Computer Corporation. Copyright 1992 Compaq Computer Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. COMPAQ, DESKPRO, LTE, FASTART Registered U. S. Patent and Trademark Office. The software described in this guide is furnished under a license agreement or non-disclosure agreement. The software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement. Product names mentioned herein may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective companies. TECHNICAL REFERENCE GUIDE COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers First Edition (November 1992) Part Number 140097-001 1.1 ABOUT THIS GUIDE This guide presents hardware and firmware (ROM) information for the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers for developers, engineers, technicians, and programmers who need technical information in order to design products for or maintain the system. This guide covers the following 386-based models of the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers: o o o o COMPAQ COMPAQ COMPAQ COMPAQ LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite/25C Lite/25e Lite/25 Lite/20 This guide assumes an understanding of the Intel 80386SL microprocessor superset and personal computer technology based on this microprocessor. This guide supplements but does not replace the following Intel publications: o Intel386 SL Microprocessor Superset System Design Guide (part no. 240816) o Intel386 SL Microprocessor Superset Programmer's Reference Manual (part no. 240815) o Intel386 SL Microprocessor Superset Data Book (part no. 240814) o The Lotus/Intel/Microsoft Expanded Memory Specification, Version 4.0 (part no. 300275-005) o Intel 80387 Coprocessor Programmer's Reference Manual (part no. 231917) 1.2 NOTATIONAL CONVENTIONS Values I/O addresses and other values are in hexadecimal notation when shown with the letter h after them. Memory addresses are in hexadecimal when expressed as SSSS:OOOO (SSSS 16-bit segment, OOOO 16-bit offset). All other numbers are in decimal notation. Ranges Ranges or limits for a parameter are shown as a pair of values separated by two dots. For example, 4..0 includes the numbers 4 and 0, and every number in between (3, 2, and 1). Signal Labels Signal values are labeled A0, A1, A15, etc. Signal names are in uppercase letters. Signals that are negative true, or active low, are indicated by a dash (-) suffix. Register Notation and Usage The standard Intel naming conventions are used for the 386SX registers. The names of the general registers when used as word-length (16-bit) registers are AX, BX, CX, and DX. The names of the general registers when they are used as byte-length (8-bit) registers are AH, AL, BH, BL, CH, CL, DH, and DL. SI, DI, and BP denote the Source Index, Destination Index, and Base Pointer registers, respectively. CS, DS, SS, and ES denote the four segment registers: Code Segment, Data Segment, Stack Segment, and Extra Segment, respectively. CS is used with the IP (Instruction Pointer) register, and SS is used with the SP (Stack Pointer) register. FL is the Flag register used to return the status of some operations. Status is given as the state of one of the flags within the register: CF for Carry Flag, IF for Interrupt Flag, etc. The contents of AX are not guaranteed to be preserved across all calls. Always reload the function code in AH and the parameter in AL (if any) to repeat a call. Register contents are always preserved across BIOS calls, unless the register is used to return a value. Bit Notation Bit values are labeled so that bit <0> represents the least-significant bit and bit <7> the most-significant bit of a byte. Bit fields within a byte or word are shown as a range of decimal numbers separated by two dots enclosed in angle brackets with the higher number, representing the most-significant bit, on the left. For example, <15..12> refers to the four most-significant bits in a word. 1.3 COMMON ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS The following acronyms and abbreviations are used throughout this guide: Table 1-1. Acronyms and Abbreviations ========================================================================= == Acronym/Abbreviation Meaning ========================================================================= == A ampere AC alternating current ACE asynchronous communications element ACK acknowledge ASIC application specific integrated circuit BCD binary coded decimal BIOS basic input/output system bpi bits per inch bps bits per second CEMM COMPAQ Expanded Memory Manager CF Carry Flag CGA Color graphics adapter CH channel CLIM COMPAQ LOTUS INTEL MICROSOFT cm centimeter CMOS complementary metal-oxide CNTLR controller CPU central processing unit dBm decibel referred to 1 milliwatt DC direct current DCC diskette controller chip DF direction flag DIP dual in-line package DMA direct memory access DRAM dynamic random access memory -------------------------------------------------------------------------Acronym/Abbreviation Meaning -------------------------------------------------------------------------DRQ data request dword 32-bit double word ECC error correction code EGA enhanced graphics adapter EIA Electronic Industries Association EMS Expanded Memory Specification FRI flux reversals per inch GB gigabyte h hexadecimal HW hardware Hz Hertz IF interrupt flag I/F interface in inch INT interrupt IPS inch per second IRQ interrupt request ISA industry standard architecture Kb kilobit (1024 bits) -------------------------------------------------------------------------Acronym/Abbreviation Meaning -------------------------------------------------------------------------KB kilobyte (1024 bytes) Kb/s kilobits per second kg kilogram kHz kilohertz kv kilovolt lb pound LSI large scale integration m meter mA milliampere Mb megabit (1 x 106 bits) MB megabyte (1 x 106 bytes) Mb/s megabit per second MB/s megabyte per second MDA monochrome display adapter MFM modified frequency modulation MHz megahertz ms millisecond [10(-3)] N variable parameter/value NiCd nickel-cadmium NiMH nickel metal hydride -------------------------------------------------------------------------Acronym/Abbreviation Meaning -------------------------------------------------------------------------NMOS N-channel metal-oxide semiconductor ns nanosecond [10(-9)] NVRAM non-volatile random access memory PF parity flag pF picofarad PTR pointer RAM random access memory RF resume flag ROM read-only memory RPM revolutions per minute RTC real-time clock SF sign flag SRAM static random access memory SW software TF trap flag TFT thin-film transistor TPI tracks per inch TTL transistor transistor logic UART universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter us microsecond [10(-6)] V volt VGA video graphics adapter VGC video graphics controller VLSI very large scale integration W watt ZF zero flag ========================================================================= == 2.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter describes the key design and technical features of 386-based COMPAQ LTE Lite products. The COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computer, shown in Figure 2-1, is a laptop computer weighing 6 pounds and providing over three hours of continuous use on a single battery charge. The computer incorporates special features that allow the user to conserve battery power while maintaining operating efficiency. The computer may be connected to the optional Desktop Expansion Base to become a system with full desktop functionality. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-1a. (Part 1 of 2) COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computers ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-1b. (Part 2 of 2) COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computers 2.2 STANDARD FEATURES The following features are standard on all 386-based COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computers: o 386SL microprocessor o Socket for 387SL numeric coprocessor o BIOS in flash ROM for convenient upgrading o 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-Megabyte Diskette Drive o Video Graphics Array (VGA) system with simultaneous external monitor support o External interfaces for: - Serial communications device - Parallel communications device - External VGA monitor - External keyboard or pointing device - External numeric keypad - Desktop Expansion Base or External Storage Module o Enhanced option slot supporting optional communications module o AC Adapter with fast charging function for the battery pack o Auxiliary battery that allows battery pack changes without shutting down the system o Power management features 2.3 DIFFERENCE DATA Table 2-1 lists the differences in functionality among the various COMPAQ LTE Lite products. Table 2-1. 386-Based COMPAQ LTE Lite Difference Data ========================================================================= == Feature LTE Lite/20 LTE Lite/25 LTE Lite/25C LTE Lite/25E -------------------------------------------------------------------------Processor Speed 20-MHz 25-MHz 25-MHz 25-MHz Cache Memory None 16-Kbyte 64-Kbyte 64-Kbyte Standard Memory 2 Mbytes 4 Mbytes 4 Mbytes 4 Mbytes Maximum Memory 18 Mbytes 20 Mbytes 20 Mbytes 20 Mbytes LCD Passive Monochrome Passive Monochrome Active Color Active Monochrome Integrated Track Ball No No Yes Yes Standard Battery NiCd NiMH NiMH NiMH ========================================================================= == 2.4 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE The COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computer utilizes a concurrent bus architecture (Figure 2-2) that allows the microprocessor to operate more efficiently with the memory, cache/coprocessor, and peripheral subsystems. COMPAQ LTE Lite products feature the Intel SL Superset that includes the 386SL Microprocessor and the 82360SL ISA Peripheral Controller. The 386SL microprocessor provides processing, power management, memory management, ISA bus control, and, on 25-MHz versions, cache memory control. The 82360SL peripheral controller provides peripheral power management, real-time clock, and memory map functions. The 82360SL also includes the DMA and interrupt controllers and the serial and parallel ports. The diskette and hard drive interfaces, enhanced option slot interface, and keyboard/pointing device interfaces are contained in a custom application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). This ASIC also provides distribution control of DMA and interrupt functions The video subsystem includes a video controller ASIC, 256- or 512-Kbytes of video RAM, and either a monochrome or color liquid crystal display (LCD). The subsystems of the COMPAQ LTE Lite are described in the paragraphs following Figure 2-2. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-2. Architecture Block Diagram 386-Based COMPAQ LTE Lite System Microprocessor The COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers uses the 386SL microprocessor. The 386SL microprocessor is similar to the 386SX microprocessor. The architecture provides 32-bit processing internally while interfacing with external subsystems over a 16-bit data bus. The 386SL also includes an integrated bus controller, memory controller, and, in the 25-MHz version, a cache controller. The 386SL microprocessor employs a static design that allows the system clock to be shut off to preserve battery power. The 386SL is compatible with software written for 386DX, 286, and 8086 microprocessors. All 386-based COMPAQ LTE Lite products include a socket for the 387SL math coprocessor. When installed, the math coprocessor provides accelerated performance for numeric-intensive applications. BIOS Flash ROM The Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) is contained in flash ROM. Flash ROM retains data without power just like standard ROM. Unlike standard ROM, however, data can be rewritten into flash ROM. This allows the BIOS to be easily updated as necessary by using special BIOS update utility software. Four-Way Set-Associative Cache The COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 features a 16-Kbyte cache memory. The COMPAQ LTE Lite/25e and COMPAQ Lite/25C feature a 64-Kbyte cache memory. The cache memory is arranged into four degrees of associativity as opposed to the normal one or two degrees offered by other cache designs. For most situations, the four-way set-associative cache design provides the performance of larger cache memories and services over 90 percent of processor requests with zero wait-state performance. System Memory The system memory provides temporary storage of programs and data being used. The COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers uses 70-ns enhanced page RAM that operates at processor speed. Up to 20-megabytes of memory may be installed using 2-, 4-, 8-, and 16-megabyte 70-ns extended refresh memory cards that are easily installed without disassembling the unit. NOTE: COMPAQ LTE Lite products will accept the 4-megabyte 80-ns (normal refresh) memory card designed for the COMPAQ LTE 386s/20 Personal Computer. However, memory access times will be extended and power consumption will be increased. Conversely, all memory cards designed for COMPAQ LTE Lite products will work in the COMPAQ LTE 386s/20 with no degradation in performance. Mass Storage The COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computer comes standard with a 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-Megabyte Diskette Drive. The 3 1/2-Inch 1.44-Megabyte Diskette Drive reads and writes to both 1.44-megabyte and 720-Kbyte diskettes. The COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computer accommodates one internal hard drive. Original models of the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family include a 40-, 60-, 84-, or 120-megabyte hard drive. The optional External Storage Module, which connects to the rear of the COMPAQ LTE Lite, allows an additional diskette drive or tape drive to be added to the system. Video Subsystem The COMPAQ LTE Lite video subsystem consists of a VGA controller, 256- or 512-Kbytes of video RAM, and a liquid crystal display (LCD). The COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 and COMPAQ Lite/25 feature a video subsystem that supports VGA, EGA, and CGA video modes and provides up to 64 shades of gray. The COMPAQ LTE Lite/25e features an active matrix black and white video subsystem that provides high contrast gray scaling (up to 64 shades). The COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C features an active matrix color video subsystem that supports between 256 simultaneous colors in 640 x 480 VGA resolution. In addition to the integrated LCD, the video controller on all models can simultaneously support either the Reduced Emissions Video Graphics Color Monitor, the Video Graphics Color Monitor, or the Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor. The video controller supports: o o o o o o 640 pixel x 480 line VGA-compatible graphics resolution 640 pixel x 350 line EGA-compatible graphics resolution 320 pixel x 200 line CGA-compatible graphics resolution 1056 pixel x 400 line text mode (external monitor only) 720 pixel x 400 line text resolution (external monitor only) Up to 256 colors out of a 262,144 color palette To maintain the high performance requirements of the COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computer, the BIOS code for the VGC is copied into 16-bit RAM during the boot procedure to provide faster video performance. Serial/Parallel Interfaces The COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computer includes a serial interface and a parallel interface. The serial interface provides a buffered, asynchronous port that is compatible with the Electronic Industry Association (EIA) RS-232-C protocol at standard baud rates up to 19200. This port, including a data FIFO buffer, may be used to connect to a terminal, personal computer, external modem, or any peripheral device with a compatible serial interface. The parallel interface provides a port for connection to a printer. This bidirectional port can operate as a standard parallel port, a PS/2 port, or as a high-speed parallel port. Enhanced Option Slot The enhanced option slot allows the installation of an optional communications device such as an enhanced modem or a second serial port. The communications parameters of this interface are softwareprogrammable. 2.5 SPECIFICATIONS This section contains the environmental, electrical, and physical specifications for the COMPAQ LTE Lite. Table 2-1 lists the environmental specifications for a completely assembled COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computer. Table 2-2. COMPAQ LTE Lite Environmental Specifications ========================================================================= == Parameter Nonoperating Operating -------------------------------------------------------------------------Air Temperature -22oF to 140oF 50oF to 104oF (-30oC to 60oC) (10oC to 40oC) Shock 40 G for 11 ms half-sine pulse 5 G for 11 ms half-sine pulse Vibration 1 G for 5 - 500 Hz sinusoidal 0.15 G for 5 - 500 Hz sinusoidal Humidity 5% to 95% (noncondensing) 10% to 90% (noncondensing) Maximum Altitude 30,000 ft (9144 m) 10,000 ft (3048 m) ========================================================================= == Table 2-3 lists the electrical specifications of the COMPAQ LTE Lite. Table 2-3. COMPAQ LTE Lite Electrical Specifications ====================================== Parameter -------------------------------------Input Voltage 12 VDC Power Consumption Average 10.0 W Peak 21.0 W ====================================== Tables 2-4 and 2-5 list the physical specifications of the COMPAQ LTE Lite products. Table 2-4. COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 Physical Specifications (Closed) ============================================================== English Metric -------------------------------------------------------------Dimension Height 1.75 in 4.45 cm Width 11.0 in 27.9 cm Depth 8.5 in 21.6 cm Weight 6.01 lb 2.67 kg ============================================================== Table 2-5. COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E and COMPAQ Lite/25C Physical Specifications (Closed) ============================================================== English Metric -------------------------------------------------------------Dimension Height 2.0 in 5.08 cm Width 11.0 in 27.9 cm Depth 8.5 in 21.6 cm Weight 6.5 lb 2.95 kg ============================================================== 3.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter describes the system processor (Figure 3-1), which includes the elements listed below. o Microprocessor [3.2] o Math coprocessor [3.3] ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 3-1. System Processor Block Diagram 3.2 MICROPROCESSOR All models of the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family are based on the Intel 386SL Microprocessor. The 386SL microprocessor contains all the functionality of the 386SX microprocessor with additional functions and enhancements. The 386SL microprocessor uses a 32-bit internal architecture while interfacing with external functions and subsystems on 16-bit data buses. The 386SL includes a static CPU core, ISA bus control logic, a system memory controller, special power management logic, and, in the 25-MHz version, a cache memory controller. The 80386SL is compatible with software written for the 8088/8086, the 80286, and the 80386DX. The 80386SL is reset when internal (battery) or external power is applied to the system board or when, if the system is already powered, the user presses CTRL + ALT + DEL. After reset, the microprocessor addresses ROM for instructions. The initial boot process in ROM checks the system RAM and ROM for errors (checksums), then initializes the system. Initializing or restarting the system loads the initialization and configuration values into programmable devices. After initializing the system, the microprocessor loads the operating system into memory either from the diskette drive or from the fixed disk drive. External Interfacing The 80386SL uses three 16-bit data buses for external data transfers: a cache memory/coprocessor bus, a memory bus, and a system bus. The cache memory/coprocessor bus handles data transfers at processor speed between the microprocessor and either the cache memory (on 25-MHz models) or the math coprocessor (if installed). The cache memory is discussed in detail in Chapter 4 "Memory." More information on the math coprocessor is included later in this chapter. The memory bus provides data transfers at processor speed between the microprocessor and system memory. The 386SL includes an integrated memory controller that performs address translation according to the Lotus/Intel/Microsoft (LIM) Expanded Memory Specification (EMS) 4.0 standard. The system memory is discussed in detail in Chapter 4, "Memory." The system bus handles data transfers between the 386SL microprocessor and the peripheral subsystems. The system bus has the functionality of two buses: the peripheral bus, where transactions occur at processor speed; and the ISA expansion bus, which provides full support of ISA transactions at 8-MHz speed. In the COMPAQ LTE Lite, the system bus operates as a peripheral bus during video operations and as an ISA expansion bus for all other functions. Table 3-1 lists the signals that are shared by peripheral and ISA operations on the system bus. Table 3-1. Peripheral/ISA Ops System Bus Signals ========================================================================= == Signal Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------SA<19..0> System address signals LA<23..17> Latchable address signals SD<15..0> System data signals SBHEBus high byte enable signal ========================================================================= == Table 3-2 shows control signals used by the system bus operating in peripheral mode. Table 3-2. Peripheral Ops (Only) System Bus Signals ========================================================================= == Signal Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------PSTARTP-bus start PCMD- P-bus command PRDY- P-bus ready PMI/O- P-bus memory/I/O cycle PW/R- P-bus write/read cycle VGACS- VGA (video) chip select FLSHDCSFlash disk chip select ========================================================================= == All devices outside the 80386SL are addressed as either memory-mapped or I/O-mapped devices. The PM/IO signal specifies whether a memory-mapped or an I/O-mapped device or location is being addressed for both peripheral and ISA modes. For a complete list and description of system bus signals used for ISA expansion bus operations, refer to Chapter 5, "ISA Expansion Bus." Software Concepts The 80386SL allows software compatibility by providing the same operating modes as the 80286. The Real and Protected modes of the 80386SL are fully compatible with 80286 instructions that use 8- and 16-bit operands. In addition, the 80386SL extends register width as well as address and data paths to 32 bits. This improves performance on large integer calculations, data transfers, and large memory models. These additional functions are transparent to applications not taking advantage of them. When power is applied or a reset operation occurs, the 80386SL enters the Real mode. The 80386SL then provides all the capabilities and limitations of Real mode, including compatibility with the 8086 and the 80286. The Real mode allows only one megabyte of physical memory to be addressed and does not provide any memory protection features. Memory is addressed via the segment registers with the traditional 64-Kbyte limitation on segment size. The major distinction between the Real mode of the 80386SL and that of the 80286 microprocessor is that 32-bit operands can be used with the extended instruction set of the 80386SL. This superset of the 80286 instruction set allows operations, such as multiplication, to use 32-bit register or memory operands. The Protected mode offers features compatible with the 80286 and fully supports the following 80286 features: memory protection, addressing via segment selectors, and 16-bit instruction set. Protected mode also allows for improved functions unique to the 80386 that are beyond the capability of the 80286 segment sizes (that is, 4 gigabytes on the 80386 as compared to 64 Kbytes on the 80286). The improved functions are memory paging, I/O protection, Virtual 8086 mode, and Protected mode's full 32-bit extended instruction set. The improved functions allow implementation of much more powerful software products. Many applications, such as artificial intelligence expert systems, require a large linear address space and exceptional processor performance to accommodate their size and complexity. The 80386SL also offers the Virtual mode to provide significantly improved compatibility with, and protection for, concurrent execution of Real mode applications with Protected mode operating systems. The Virtual mode allows applications written for 8088, 8086, or 80286 Real mode to be executed within the privilege levels defined by Protected mode. In contrast, the 80286 does not allow for security in real mode applications because the microprocessor must be in the Real mode to execute these applications. The Virtual mode, in combination with memory paging, allows the Real mode address space to be simulated anywhere in the physical address space of the 80386SL. In addition, the I/O protection features permit the operating system to trap all or a selected set of I/O ports for device protection. The COMPAQ Expanded Memory Manager (CEMM) enables the innovative use of these features. Speed Control The COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computer implements an innovative feature that simulates system speeds less than the (micro)processor speed. This feature has been implemented to provide compatibility with a small number of software products that contain programs dependent on certain system speeds. Typically, these programs contain timing idiosyncrasies associated with the diskette copy protection mechanisms. The processor speed can be slowed when the program accesses the diskette drive to allow for compatibility with these copy protection schemes. The processor and system memory operate at processor (CPU) speed. Access to the expansion bus and I/O devices always occurs at 8 MHz. The expansion bus and I/O accesses are not affected by simulated changes in CPU operating speed. This simulated speed control is also useful for adjusting the COMPAQ LTE Lite to handle action software games written for 8088-based personal computers. Reduction of the system speed to simulate the system speed of an 8088-based personal computer allows these games to be played at a realistic speed. Many games require the user to boot from the game diskette. The COMPAQ LTE Lite accommodates this requirement by allowing the user to restart the system, using CTRL + ALT + DEL, without affecting the selected system speed. The system remains at the selected speed until a new speed has been selected or a power-on reset occurs. The COMPAQ LTE Lite system speed can be set to values that correspond to the equivalent speeds of an 8088-based personal computer and 6- and 8-MHz 80286-based products. These values can be entered with the Mode command (MODE SPEED=xx) from either Microsoft MS-DOS or MS OS/2 as published by Compaq Computer Corporation, or can be used with the "Set System Speed" BIOS function (CX=xx) to simulate the computing speed (that is, the processor/memory system speed) of other personal computer products. Table 3-3 lists the values that can be used to control CPU speed with the "MODE SPEED=" command and the resulting CPU speeds. Table 3-3. MODE SPEED Command Values ========================================================================= == MODE SPEED CPU Speed CPU Speed -------------------------------------------------------------------------Value 20 MHz Models 25 MHz Models -------------------------------------------------------------------------Auto * 20 MHz 25 MHz High 20 MHz 25 MHz Fast 10 MHz 12.5 MHz Common 5 MHz 6.25 MHz 1-12 2.5 MHz 3.12 MHz 13-25 5 MHz 6.25 MHz 26-38 10 MHz 12.5 MHz 39-50 20 MHz 25 MHz -------------------------------------------------------------------------* See text below ========================================================================= == MODE SPEED=AUTO is typically used for accessing a diskette drive at a slower speed because an application's software dictates it. In this mode, the CPU operates at full processor speed except when accessing a diskette drive, at which point the speed slows to a simulated 8 MHz until the diskette drive motor shuts off; the speed then returns to 20 or 16 MHz. MODE SPEED=HIGH is typically used to provide maximum performance where an application is not speed sensitive. In this mode, the CPU operates at processor speed at all times. NOTE: In order to have the correct support, use the version of MODE that comes on the User Programs diskette packaged with the computer. Simulated CPU speed control is achieved by including special hardware on the system board that uses extended refresh cycles to reduce the system bus bandwidth. Since the CPU is in a HOLD state during refresh cycles, the execution speed of programs is reduced as the length of the refresh cycles is increased. The 80286-based product equivalent speed values are listed for relative reference to other speed values. The lengthening of the refresh cycles, however, has been carefully implemented so as not to increase the DMA latency period that is otherwise present during refresh cycles of a normal length. A DMA request (for access to the bus) that takes place during the extension of a refresh cycle is immediately granted access to the bus, since the microprocessor is already in a HOLD state. Power Management Feature In previous products, power management was controlled by interrupt (INT) 15. The 386SL microprocessor includes a new interrupt called the system management interrupt (SMI). The SMI, which is non-maskable and has the highest priority (even over the NMI), is the mechanism by which power management functions such as hibernation are controlled in the COMPAQ LTE Lite. The SMI is initiated by writing power management parameters to configuration memory locations 72h, 73h, and 74h, then writing an SMI function code to port 10h (refer to Appendix C, "Power Conservation," for a detailed discussion on SMI-generating functions). 3.3 MATH COPROCESSOR The 386-based COMPAQ LTE Lite includes a socket for the optional Intel 387SL math coprocessor. The 387SL math coprocessor provides floating point, extended integer, and binary-coded decimal (BCD) data-type support. The 386SL microprocessor checks for the presence of the 387SL by sampling the ERROR- input line after a reset. If a low is detected, the 386SL microprocessor will be set to make use of the 387SL when applicable. A high indicates to the 386SL that the math coprocessor is not installed. The math coprocessor executes all numeric instructions as they are encountered and responds to particular I/O addresses (8000F9h, 8000FFh) that are generated by the 386SL microprocessor. The ERROR- signal is connected to IRQ13 (INT 75h). The BIOS interrupt handler for INT 75h routes this interrupt to INT 02h, which is the actual routine for coprocessor exceptions. This method is used to provide compatibility with 8088/8086 coprocessor exceptions. See Chapter 7, "BIOS," chapter for further information. The 386SL provides a programmable idle clock signal to the 387SL math coprocessor. When the 387SL is active, math coprocessing is performed at processor (386SL) speed. The 386SL can be programmed to provide either no idle clock signal at all or an idle clock of 1/16, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, or at processor frequency. In 25-MHz 386SL-based models, the 387SL math coprocessor shares the address and data bus used by the cache memory subsystem. System compatibility with exception-handling for the 8087 coprocessor exceptions is provided by an INT 02h (NMI). The numeric coprocessor BUSYsignal is cleared by an output to port F0h. Table 3-4 defines the port addresses used by the coprocessor on the system board. Table 3-4. Coprocessor I/O Map ========================================================================= == Port Address Bits Device 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- F0h 0 0 1 1 1 X 0 X X 0 Clear math processor busy F1h 0 0 1 1 1 X 0 X X 1 Reset math processor F8h..FFh 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 Y Y X 80387SL command ports -------------------------------------------------------------------------Legend: X = Don't care. The value of these bits does not affect the I/O address decoding. Y = Register dependent. ========================================================================= == 4.1 INTRODUCTION The COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computer contains a memory subsystem (Figure 4-1) that includes the following: o o o o BIOS Flash ROM Configuration memory Cache memory (25-MHz models only) System memory ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 4-1. Memory Subsystem Block Diagram 4.2 BIOS FLASH ROM The Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) and video firmware are contained in a single 128K x 8 Flash Read Only Memory (ROM). Flash ROM operates like standard ROM, providing nonvolatile storage of data, but has the added convenience of being easily reprogrammable. Without removing the ROM chip, the BIOS can be updated with appropriate utility software that will write the new BIOS firmware into the ROM. The BIOS Flash ROM is accessed through the X-bus (which is off the system bus) during the power-on self test (POST) routine (read cycle) and when the BIOS is being updated (write cycle). Since system memory RAM provides higher performance than the Flash ROM, the contents of the Flash ROM are copied into system memory (between F0000h and FFFFFh) during POST. All subsequent BIOS calls are serviced as system memory (RAM) accesses. For a description of the BIOS firmware refer to Chapter 7, "BIOS." 4.3 CONFIGURATION MEMORY The configuration memory contains real-time clock (RTC) data and data pertaining to the configuration of the system. This CMOS-type memory along with the RTC circuitry is kept nonvolatile when the system unit is turned off by means of a dedicated lithium battery. The configuration memory for the COMPAQ LTE Lite is contained within the 82360SL peripheral controller. Table 4-1 lists the configuration memory locations. Configuration memory locations are not accessed directly. Instead, all configuration memory accesses are accomplished by writing the desired configuration memory address with a ISA bus write cycle to I/O port 70h and then writing or reading configuration memory data to or from I/O port 71h . Table 4-1. Configuration Memory Locations ========================================================================= == Register Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------00h Seconds 01h Seconds Alarm 02h Minutes 03h Minutes Alarm 04h Hour 05h Hour Alarm 06h Day of Week 07h Day of Month 08h Month 09h Year 0Ah Status register A-Byte 0Bh Status register B-Byte 0Ch Status register C-Byte 0Dh Status register D-Byte 0Eh Diagnostic Status Byte 0Fh Reset Code Byte 10h Diskette Drive Type 11h Reserved 12h Fixed Disk Drive Type 13h Keyboard Options 14h Equipment Installed 15h,16h Base Memory Size 17h,18h Memory Amount -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------19h Drive C Extended Fixed Disk Drive Value 1Ah Drive D Extended Fixed Disk Drive Value (not used) 1Bh Reserved 20h Reserved 21h Reserved 22h Reserved 23h Reserved 24h Fixed Disk Drive Timeout 25h Reserved 26h Reserved 27h External Drive Information (External Storage Module) 28h Internal Base Memory/Extended Memory Allocation 29h Peripheral Configuration 2Ah Reserved 2Bh System Inactivity Timeout/Power Conservation Power-Up Condition 2Ch Screen Time-Out 2Dh Additional Flags 2Eh,2Fh Memory Checksum 30h,31h Extended Memory 32h Date, Century 33h System Information 34h through 3 Fh Reserved 72h through 73h System Management ========================================================================= == Time, Calendar, and Alarm Rules The first ten bytes, 00h through 09h, hold time, calendar, and alarm information; the contents may be in either binary or BCD format, but not a mixture. For the format to be switched, all ten bytes must be re-initialized in the new format. These bytes are updated once a second, at which time alarm conditions are also checked. Attempts to read any of the ten bytes during an update result in undefined data output(s). Status register B-Byte, discussed later in this section, defines the parameters. Before initializing the internal registers, Bit <7> of Status register B should be set to "1" to prevent updates during initialization. This bit can then be cleared to permit regular updating. Status and Configuration Bytes The status and configuration bytes contain parameters that are stored in configuration memory and used by the ROM BIOS to determine system configuration during the boot sequence. Status Register A -- Byte 0Ah BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 0 = All right to read device 1 = Time update in progress; device read not all right. 6..4 These bits specify the time base frequency. is 010 (32.768 KHz). The default value 3..0 These bits specify the divider frequency for the clock. default value is 0110 (1.024 KHz). The Status Register B -- Byte 0Bh BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 0 = Normal operation (default) 1 = Disable time updating so that time can be set 6 0 = Interrupt disabled (default) 1 = Enable interrupt at frequency specified by Status register A 5 0 = Disable alarm interrupt (default) 1 = Enable alarm interrupt 4 0 = Enable End-of-Update interrupt (default) 1 = Disable End-of-Update interrupt 3 0 = Output disabled (default) 1 = Enables frequency output selected by Status register A 2 0 = Time and Date in BCD format (default) 1 = Time and Date in Binary format 1 0 = 12-hour mode 1 = 24-hour mode (default) 0 0 = No Daylight Savings Time (default) 1 = Daylight Savings Time selected Status Register C -- Byte 0Ch (Read Only) BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = Interrupt Output signal active 6 1 = Periodic Interrupt Flag 5 1 = Alarm Interrupt Flag 4 1 = End-of-Update Interrupt Flag 3..0 Reserved Status Register D -- Byte 0Dh BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 0 = Real-Time Clock has lost power 1 = Real-Time Clock has not lost power 6..0 Reserved Configuration Byte Register 0Eh -- Diagnostic Status Byte The diagnostic status byte tells the system when there is a problem (time invalid, faulty fixed disk drive controller, etc.) with the configuration of the subsystems. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = Real-Time Clock has lost power 6 1 = CMOS Checksum invalid 5 1 = System initialization equipment check does not match the equipment specified in the configuration memory. 4 1 = The amount of memory detected during the system initialization is not the same as the amount specified in the configuration memory. 3 1 = Fixed disk drive or controller failed power-on test 2 1 = Time not valid 1,0 Reserved Configuration Byte Register 0Fh -- Reset Code Byte The reset code tells the system what to do after the CPU is reset. The reset code identifies the type of, or reason for, the reset. It also provides a method of resetting the system without losing previouslystored data or of returning the system to Real mode from Protected mode. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 00h = Normal power-on reset 04h = Proceed to load DOS from fixed disk 05h = Jump to reset vector 0040:0067; initialize interrupt controllers 09h = Block move return 0Ah = Jump to reset vector 0040:0067; do not initialize interrupt controllers Configuration Byte Register 10h -- Diskette Drive Type This byte keeps track of drive types for two diskette drives including an optional diskette drive installed in the External Storage Module or the Desktop Expansion Base. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Primary diskette drive type: 0100 = 1.44-megabyte diskette drive only 3..0 Secondary diskette drive type: 0000 = No diskette drive 0001 = 360-Kbyte diskette drive 0010 = 1.2-megabyte diskette drive 0011 = Reserved 0100 = 1.44-megabyte diskette drive 0101 = Reserved : 1111 = Reserved Configuration Byte Register 12h -- Fixed Disk Drive Type The COMPAQ LTE Lite system unit supports only one fixed disk drive, which is designated the primary drive. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Primary fixed disk drive type: 0000 = No fixed disk drive type 0001 = Type 1 0010 = Type 2 0011 = Type 3 : 1110 = Type 14 1111 = Other type (see Configuration Byte 19h) 3..0 Reserved Configuration Byte Register 13h -- Password/Network Server Mode This byte contains the password and network server mode status. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..2 Reserved 1 Password 1 = Exists 0 = not available 0 Network Server Mode 1 = Enabled 0 = Disabled Configuration Byte Register 14h -- Equipment Installed This byte tells the system the type of equipment installed in the unit. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Number of diskette drives installed: 00 = 1 drive 01 = 2 drives 10 = Reserved 11 = Reserved 5,4 Type 00 = 01 = 10 = 11 = of video display controller and operating mode: Reserved Color/Graphics, 40-column Color/Graphics, 80-column Monochrome/text 3,2 Reserved 1 0 = No coprocessor installed 1 = Coprocessor installed 0 0 = No diskette drives installed 1 = Diskette drive(s) installed Configuration Byte Registers 15h and 16h -- Base Memory Size Bytes 15h and 16h comprise a 16-bit value that specifies the base memory size in increments of one Kbyte. The word is stored with the least-significant byte at the lower address (in this case, 15h). Table 4-2 defines valid sizes for the base memory. Table 4-2. Valid Base Memory Size ========================================================================= == Byte 16h Byte 15h Memory Size (in Kbytes) -------------------------------------------------------------------------01h 00h 256 02h 00h 512 02h 80h 639 04h 00h 1024 08h 00h 2048 ========================================================================= == Configuration Byte Registers 17h and 18h -- Memory Amount Bytes 17h and 18h comprise a 16-bit value that specifies the extended memory size in increments of one Kbyte (1024 bytes). The word is stored with the least-significant byte at the lower address (in this case, 17h). Table 4-3 defines the extended memory sizes for memory on all memory option boards. Table 4-3. Extended Memory Size ========================================================================= == Byte 18h Byte 17h Memory Size (in Kbytes) -------------------------------------------------------------------------02h 00h 512 04h 00h 1024 06h 00h 1536 : : : 20h 00h 8192 20h 80h 8320 ========================================================================= == Configuration Byte Register 19h -- Drive C Type This byte contains the type number. If the fixed disk drive is an extended drive type (type 15 or greater), bits <7..4> of byte 12h contain 1111 (binary). If it is a type 59, then 59 (3Bh) is contained in this byte. (Type 60 is also a valid drive for the COMPAQ LTE 386s/20.) Configuration Byte Register 1Ah -- Reserved Configuration Byte Register 27h -- Memory Allocation/Base Memory Size Since the COMPAQ LTE 386s/20 system allows the user to have an additional external diskette drive (installed in the optional Desktop Expansion Base or External Storage Module) which may be configured as drive A or B, bits <1,0> are used to keep track of this information. Bits <5..2> store diskette drive type(s) from Configuration Byte register 10h. Bit <6> keeps track of CPU speed. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6 CPU speed 0 = Auto 1 = High 5..2 Configuration Byte register 10h save value 1 0 External drive select: 0 = Drive B 1 = Drive A External drive state: 0 = External drive not installed 1 = External drive installed Configuration Byte Register 28h -- Peripheral Configuration Bit 7 defines the source of hardware interrupt IRQ12. Bits <6,5> hold the Base Memory Size and indicate how much of base memory (640 Kbytes, 512 Kbytes, or 256 Kbytes) to enable. The system ROM writes out this amount to the Memory Installed register (I/O port 1065h). BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 IRQ12 select: 0 = Pointing device (mouse) 1 = Expansion bus 6,5 Base 00 = 01 = 10 = 11 = Memory Size 640 Kbytes 512 Kbytes 256 Kbytes Illegal 4..0 Reserved Configuration Byte Register 29h -- Peripheral Configuration This register contains information about the desired configuration for the system's peripheral devices. Included are the serial, modem, printer, and fixed disk drive devices. The ROM writes the value from CMOS into the Peripheral Configuration register (I/O port 0465h). BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Printer Interrupt Select 0 - Printer = IRQ5 1 - Printer = IRQ7 (default) 6,5 Printer I/O Port Select 00 - Primary I/O port (default) 01 - Secondary I/O port 10 - Tertiary I/O port 11 - Disable I/O port 4 Internal Fixed Disk Drive Enable 0 - Disable internal fixed disk drive 1 - Enable internal fixed disk drive (default) 3 Serial/Modem Interrupt Select 0 = Serial = IRQ3; Modem = IRQ4 1 = Serial = IRQ4; Modem = IRQ3 (default) 2 Modem State 0 = OFF (default) 1 = ON 1 Serial State 0 = OFF 1 = ON (default) 0 Serial/Modem I/O Port Select 0 = Serial = COM1; Modem = COM2 (default) 1 = Serial = COM2; Modem = COM1 Configuration Byte Register 2Ah -- Fixed Disk Drive Timeout/Modem Status This Power Conservation variable determines how much time, in 1-minute multiples, before the fixed disk drive enters low power mode where power to the motor is turned off. The modem status bits facilitate dynamic configurability of the optional modem in the COMPAQ LTE 386s/20 system. They are configurable through the SETUP program. This register is also used to determine the power-on state of the Power Control register (I/O port 0865h), specifically for the fixed disk drive and modem devices. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reverse video 0 = White on black 1 = Black on white 6 Modem installed in system unit power-on state 0 - OFF (default) 1 - ON 5 Modem installed in system unit 0 - Not installed (default) 1 - Installed 4..0 Fixed 00000 00001 00010 : 10101 disk drive timeout (minutes) - No timeout - 1 minute - 2 minutes - 21 minutes Configuration Byte Register 2Bh -- Power Conservation Parameter The first 5 bits, <4..0>, hold a Power Conservation parameter which determines in 20-second increments how long a period of system inactivity will elapse before the system will go into Standby. Bit <5> enables/disables the run-time beep (configured with SETUP). The last 2 bits, <7, 6>, are for Power Conservation power-on condition and determine how the system will be initialized for Power Conservation. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Power Conservation power-on condition 00 - PC AUTO (enable after 70 seconds) 01 - PC ON 10 - PC OFF 5 Run-Time Beep 0 = Enable 1 = Enable 4..0 System inactivity timeout (minutes) 00000 - No timeout 00001 - 1 minute 00010 - 2 minutes : 10101 - 21 minutes Configuration Byte Register 2Ch -- Screen Time-Out The first 6 bits of this byte, <5..0>, hold a Power Conservation parameter, which determines in 1-minute increments how long a period of keyboard inactivity will elapse before the Backlit Display goes blank. Bit <6> determines the Num Lock key status. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6 NUM LOCK status 0 = Off 1 = On 5..0 Screen 000000 000001 000010 : 111111 timeout value at power-on: (minutes) - No timeout - 1 minute - 2 minutes - 63 minutes Configuration Byte Register 2Dh -- Additional Flags This byte allows the configuration of special video features and disables or enables keyclicking. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..3 Reserved 2 0 = Video display controller not manufactured by Compaq installed in Desktop Expansion Base 1 = COMPAQ Video Display Controller installed 1 0 = Disable keyclick 1 = Enable keyclick 0 0 = Monitor installed not dual-scan 1 = Dual-scan LCD installed Configuration Byte Register 2Eh and 2Fh -- Memory Checksum Value stored is the checksum for memory addresses 20h..2Dh. Byte 2Eh = high byte of checksum Byte 2Fh = low byte of checksum Configuration Byte Registers 30h and 31h -- Extended Memory Values indicate the amount of system memory in excess of 1 megabyte detected at power-on. Bytes 17h and 18h are user defined. Bytes 30h and 31h are tested by ROM and compared with 17h and 18h. The table below defines the extended memory sizes. ========================================================================= == Byte 31h Byte 30h Memory Size (in Kbytes) -------------------------------------------------------------------------02h 00h 512 04h 00h 1024 06h 00h 1536 08h 00h 2048 0Ah 00h 2560 0Ch 00h 3072 0Eh 00h 3584 10h 00h 4096 12h 00h 4608 14h 00h 5120 16h 00h 5632 18h 00h 6144 1Ah 00h 6656 1Ch 00h 7168 1Eh 00h 7680 ========================================================================= == Configuration Byte Register 32h -- Date, Century This is the century part of the current time and date encoded in BCD (binary-coded decimal). The BIOS sets and reads this value. Configuration Byte Register 33h -- System Information BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = More than 1 megabyte of memory installed 0 = Less than 1 megabyte of memory installed 6 Used by SETUP procedures 5 Reserved 4 Coprocessor 1 = Installed 0 = Not installed 3 Run-Time Beep 1 = Disabled 0 = Enabled 2..0 Reserved 4.4 CACHE MEMORY Cache memory is a relatively small amount of memory that provides higher performance than normal system memory. Using fast Static RAM, cache memory reads and writes can occur without the CPU having to insert wait states. Since cache memory is smaller in size than system memory, a mechanism is employed where only the most frequently used data is kept in the cache. The cache memory subsystem of 25-MHz COMPAQ LTE Lite models consists of a cache controller and 16- or 64-Kbytes of SRAM and provides zero-wait state performance for most memory accesses. The cache controller is integrated into the 386SL microprocessor and is programmed by BIOS at power-up to use four-way set-associative mapping. Four-way set-associative mapping is the most efficient caching scheme for most applications. The cache memory uses the write-through mode of operation. In this mode of operation, any data written into cache memory is also written into system memory, ensuring that system memory always contains valid data. Four-Way Set-Associative Mapping For caching purposes, the system memory is organized into lines, blocks, and pages. A line consists of two bytes and is the unit of transfer between system memory and cache memory. These lines are grouped into blocks of 16 lines each. A 30-bit cache tag, which is used to determine the location, validity, and frequency of use of data stored in the cache, is associated with each block. The cache tags are stored in a 2-Kbyte RAM that is an integrated part of the cache controller. In four-way set-associative mapping, the cache tags are arranged into four sets that correspond to four areas of the cache memory. Each area of cache memory can hold an amount of data equal to one page of system memory data. The size of the cache memory determines the size of a page of system memory. Figure 4-2 shows the relationship between 16 kilobytes of cache memory and 4 megabytes system memory. The blocks of cache memory and system memory are relative, i.e., locations in a block 0 of system memory will be mapped into block 0 of area A, B, C, or D. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 4-2. Memory Relationship 16-Kbyte Cache Memory/4-Megabyte System Figure 4-3 shows the relationship between 64 kilobytes of cache memory and four megabytes of system memory. In this configuration, a page of system memory equals 512 blocks. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 4-3. Memory Relationship 64-Kbyte Cache Memory/4-Megabyte System Cache Flushing Flushing the cache invalidates data held in the cache memory. The cache can be flushed by disabling then re-enabling the cache, and by booting or resetting the system. Following a cache flush, all subsequent memory accesses will be cache misses until a particular location is accessed a second time. Non-Cacheable Addresses Non-cacheable addresses are locations in system memory where write or read accesses are not complemented with a cache memory update. To maintain cache coherency for CPU-memory accesses, the areas of system memory used by such functions as BIOS ROM copying, SM-RAM, and memory mapped I/O are marked as non-cacheable. Table 4-4. Non-Cacheable Addresses ======================================== Condition Address ---------------------------------------SM-RAM enabled 30000h - 3FFFFh BIOS/Video ROM B0000h - FFFFFh ======================================== All accesses to addresses beyond the installed extended memory go directly to the Expansion bus. This allows adapters with dual-ported memory (for example, multiport serial cards) to be placed above this address without being cached. Enabling/Disabling Cache Memory The cache memory can be enabled or disabled by the following DOS commands. o MODE MEM=ON o MODE MEM=OFF This command enables cache memory. This command disables cache memory. 4.5 SYSTEM MEMORY COMPAQ LTE Lite models come standard with two or four megabytes of 70-ns enhanced-page Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) as standard system memory. The system memory controller is integrated into the 386SL microprocessor. This controller supports LIM 4.0 EMS mapping and permits traditional Direct Memory Access (DMA). The 82360SL provides local memory refresh support and allows bus master control of memory. Figure 4-4 shows the arrangement of the standard four megabytes of system memory of 25 MHz COMPAQ LTE Lite models. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 4-4. Block Diagram 25-Mhz COMPAQ LTE Lite Models System Memory Figure 4-5 shows the arrangement of the standard two megabytes of system memory of the COMPAQ LTE Lite/20. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 4-5. COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 System Memory Block Diagram Memory Expansion A dedicated internal expansion slot permits increasing system memory by adding an optional 2-, 4-, or 8-, or 16-Megabyte * Memory Card for a total of up to 20 megabytes depending on model. * The 16-Megabyte Memory Card is not supported by the COMPAQ LTE Lite/20. NOTE: COMPAQ LTE Lite products will accept the 4-megabyte 80-ns (normal refresh) memory card designed for the COMPAQ LTE 386s/20 Personal Computer. However, memory access times will be extended and power consumption will be increased. Conversely, all memory cards designed for COMPAQ LTE Lite products will work in the COMPAQ LTE 386s/20 with no degradation in performance. Memory Control The 386SL microprocessor accesses data from system memory as bytes (8 bits) or words (16 bits). When it accesses a word on an even boundary, the CPU gives that word an even-numbered address and simultaneously reads from or writes to, as appropriate, that address and the one above it. Memory Refresh Refresh is provided to prevent loss of data in DRAM devices. The memory controller of the 386SL microprocessor performs a DRAM refresh when the REFREQ signal is asserted by the 82360SL peripheral controller. Refresh is usually initiated by the 82360SL but can also be initiated with the REFRESH- signal sent from a bus master installed in the Desktop Expansion Base to the 82360SL. If an external bus master wants to control the bus for an extended period, that bus master must perform the refresh or risk losing the contents of dynamic memory. The external bus master performs the refresh by developing its own refresh request timer and internal arbitration. If a refresh is in progress when a DMA cycle is requested, the DMA cycle runs without allowing the CPU to regain control of the bus. If a direct memory cycle is in progress when a refresh is requested, the refresh cycle runs without allowing the CPU to regain control of the bus. Refresh and other DMA cycles are started on a first-come, first-serve basis after the CPU releases the bus. The standard DRAM used in COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computers feature low power consumption and slow refresh times to provide longer battery usage. The optional memory cards specifically designed for COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computers also share the low power and slows refresh characteristics. The refresh rates are dependent on the configuration of the system and whether or not the system is in Standby. Table 4-5 shows the refresh times for the various system configurations. Table 4-5. DRAM Refresh Specifications ========================================================================= == Configuration Standard Memory Expansion Refresh Rate Connector Refresh Rate -------------------------------------------------------------------------Stand-alone Unit -- Normal operation: No expansion memory 124.8 usec N/A 70 nsec expansion memory 124.8 usec N/A 80 nsec expanded memory/16-MB memory card 15.6 usec N/A Stand-alone unit -- Standby operation: No expansion memory 70 nsec expansion memory 80 nsec expanded memory/16-MB memory card 124.8 usec 124.8 usec 15.6 usec N/A N/A N/A Unit with Desktop Expansion Base: No expansion memory 124.8 usec 15.6 usec 70 nsec expansion memory 124.8 usec 15.6 usec 80 nsec expanded memory/16-MB memory card 15.6 usec 15.6 usec ========================================================================= == Memory Map The system memory is typically configured with 640 Kbytes of base memory with the extended memory mapped as shown in Figure 4-6. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 4-6. System Memory Map with 640-Kbyte Base Memory 5.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter describes the expansion capability of the COMPAQ LTE Lite as provided through the 198-pin external interface connector on the back of the system unit. This connector allows optional peripherals such as the Desktop Expansion Base, External Storage Module, or an external keyboard and mouse to be added to the system unit. The 198-pin external interface connector, in addition to duplicating access to communications and video interfaces, also allows access to the 8-/16bit Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) expansion bus through the Desktop Expansion Base. This chapter covers the following topics: o ISA expansion bus [5.2] o Expansion interface connector signal descriptions [5.3] 5.2 ISA EXPANSION BUS The ISA expansion bus, which operates at use by I/O devices. Accessing memory via the performance of the COMPAQ LTE Lite. For memory expansion slot, which operates at for all memory expansion. 8-MHz, is intended primarily for the ISA expansion bus degrades best system performance, the processor speed, should be used Logic contained within the 386SL and the 82360SL provide all control functions of the ISA expansion bus, which exists as a shared function of the system bus described in Chapter 3 "Processor." The ISA expansion bus provides 8- and 16-bit data transfers with integrated peripherals as well as expansion devices installed in the Desktop Expansion Base. Expansion boards that do not strictly conform to ISA specifications may not function properly. Boards most likely to fall into this category are bus masters that are capable of gaining control of the ISA expansion bus. If an external bus master is accessing internal memory and the SL chipset deasserts BUSRDY (adds a wait state), the bus master should not sample the system data (SD) lines when the BUSRDY signal is reasserted but should sample the SD lines when the data is valid. The 386SL is specified to have a maximum delay of 48 nsec from the deassertion of BUSRDY until the data is valid on the SD lines. The data should not be sampled until this delay is met along with any propagation delays and external logic timing requirements. One method of achieving this is by extending the deasserted BUSRDY signal to the external bus master until the data is valid and then reasserting the BUSRDY signal. The timing of the BUSRDY signal from an external device to the system unit should not be altered. For more information regarding ISA expansion operations and timing, refer to the documentation listed in Chapter 1, "Introduction." 5.3 EXTERNAL INTERFACE CONNECTOR SIGNAL DESCRIPTIONS Table 5-1 provides a description of the 198-pin external interface connector signals. For a pinout of the 198-pin external options interface connector, refer to Appendix B, "Connectors." The signal descriptions are grouped according to function. Table 5-1. External Interface Connector Signals ========================================================================= == Signal I/O Pin Description Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------ISA Expansion Bus Signals -------------------------------------------------------------------------SA19 I/O 131 These bidirectional signals address SA18 I/O 130 memory or I/O devices within the SA17 I/O 129 system. They form the low-order SA16 I/O 127 20 bits of the 24-bit address bus that SA15 I/O 126 the system offers. These lines are SA14 I/O 125 enabled onto the bus while BALE is SA13 I/O 123 high and are latched when BALE goes SA12 I/O 122 from a high to a low state. These SA11 I/O 121 signals can be driven by an expansion SA10 I/O 120 bus board acting as a bus master. SA9 I/O 118 SA8 I/O 117 SA7 I/O 116 SA6 I/O 114 SA5 I/O 113 SA4 I/O 112 SA3 I/O 165 SA2 I/O 164 SA1 I/O 163 SA0 I/O 161 -------------------------------------------------------------------------LA23 I/O 160 These signals (latchable address) LA22 I/O 159 decode memory that must respond with LA21 I/O 157 0 or 1 wait state or that is addressed LA20 I/O 156 above 1 Mbyte. They are guaranteed to LA19 I/O 155 be valid when BALE is high. They can LA18 I/O 154 be driven by an expansion board acting LA17 I/O 152 as a bus master. -------------------------------------------------------------------------SD15 I/O 78 These bidirectional signals are the SD14 I/O 79 high 8 bits of the system data bus. SD13 I/O 80 Also, 16-bit devices should use these SD12 I/O 82 lines to transfer the high half of a SD11 I/O 83 data word when the line SBHE- is low. SD10 I/O 84 They can be driven by an expansion bus SD9 I/O 86 board acting as a bus master. An SD8 I/O 87 expansion card should have no more than two Low power Schottky loads (0.8 mA low, 400 uA high, 50 pF) on this bus. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Signal I/O Pin Description Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ISA Expansion Bus Signals -------------------------------------------------------------------------SD7 I/O 88 These bidirectional signals are the SD6 I/O 89 low 8 bits of the system data bus. SD5 I/O 91 They should be used exclusively by all SD4 I/O 92 8-bit devices to transfer data. Also, SD3 I/O 93 16-bit devices should use these lines SD2 I/O 95 to transfer the low byte of a data word SD1 I/O 96 when the address line A0 is low. These SD0 I/O 97 signals can be driven by an expansion board acting as a bus master. An expansion card should have no more than two low-power Schottky loads (0.8 mA low, 400 uA high, 50 pF) on this bus. -------------------------------------------------------------------------IRQ3 I 197 These input signals interrupt the CPU IRQ4 I 195 to request some service. The interrupt IRQ5 I 194 is recognized when a line goes from a IRQ6 I 193 low to a high state and remains there IRQ7 I 191 until the appropriate interrupt IRQ9 I 190 service routine is executed. IRQ10 I 189 IRQ11 I 188 IRQ12 I 186 IRQ14 I 185 IRQ15 I 184 -------------------------------------------------------------------------DRQ0 I 61 These input signals (Dma ReQuest) are DRQ1 I 53 used to request a DMA service from DRQ2 I 59 the DMA subsystem or to gain control DRQ3 I 58 of the system bus from the main CPU. DRQ5 I 57 The request is made when a line goes DRQ6 I 55 from a low to a high state and DRQ7 I 54 remains there until the appropriate DAKx (Dma AcKnowledge) line goes active. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Signal I/O Pin Description Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------ISA Expansion Bus Signals -------------------------------------------------------------------------DAK0* O 33 These output signals (Dma DAK1* O 32 AcKnowledge) indicate that a request DAK2* O 31 for a DMA service from the DMA DAK3* O 66 subsystem has been recognized. The DAK5* O 65 acknowledge is indicated by a LOW on DAK6* O 63 this line. Use this line with the DAK7* O 62 IORC- or IOWC- line to decode the desired DMA device. If used to signal acceptance of a bus-master request, this signal indicates when it is legal to pull GRAB- low. -------------------------------------------------------------------------RESETDRV O 76 This signal (bus reset) is driven active when the unit is powered up and when the unit exits from a low power suspended state (Standby or sleep condition) When high, this output signal indicates that the terminal count of a DMA operation has been reached. It should be decoded with the appropriate DAKx line for proper operation. -------------------------------------------------------------------------TC O 99 This input signal is used to signal the CPU about parity or other serious errors on expansion memory boards plugged into the expansion bus. -------------------------------------------------------------------------IOCHCK* I 110 This signal should be driven low by an open-collector output capable of sinking 20 mA when an uncorrectable system error occurs. -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOWSI 143 This input signal (No Wait State) informs the system that standard wait states can be deleted for cycles when this signal is made active. If a 16-bit memory device wants to prevent the standard wait state then it must pull the NOWS- line low (active) before BCLK falls after the falling edge of BALE. (Note that this is not possible on 16-bit I/O cycles because it is not known that an I/O cycle exists until the required time.) If an 8-bit device wants to prevent the standard wait states then it must pull the NOWS- line low (active) within one BCLK time from the falling edge of the command. The decode logic to drive NOWS- should use the device address and MRDC-, MWTC-, IORC- or IOWC- as inputs. If less than the four standard wait states normally used on 8-bit bus cycles is desired, then the NOWS- line can be used to provide 1, 2, or 3 wait states by delaying the activation of NOWS-. The NOWS- line is sampled at approximately the falling edge of BCLK. It should be driven by an open-collector device capable of sinking 20 mA. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Signal I/O Pin Description Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------ISA Expansion Bus Signals -------------------------------------------------------------------------BUSRDY I/O 144 This input signal lengthens a bus cycle from its standard time when an expansion board cannot respond quickly enough. It should be pulled low by an open-collector device as soon as a slow-addressed device is selected and held low until the device has responded. Bus cycles are lengthened by an integral number of (BCLK) cycles. If a 16-bit device wants to add an additional wait state, then it must pull the BUSRDY low (inactive) before 1.5 BCLK cycles after the falling edge of BALE. To add only one wait state, BUSRDY must return to the high state during the second BCLK cycle after the falling edge of BALE. If an 8-bit device wants to add an additional wait state, then it must pull the BUSRDY low (inactive) before 4.5 BCLK cycles after the falling edge of BALE. To add only one wait state, BUSRDY must return to the high state during the fifth BCLK cycle after the falling edge of BALE. The decode logic to drive BUSRDY should use the device address and MRDC-, MWTC-, IORC- or IOWC- as inputs. Synchronous peripherals usually use the falling edge of BCLK as the time to change the state of BUSRDY. This line should not be held low for more than 2.5 us. This line should be driven by an open-collector device capable of sinking 20 mA. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Signal I/O Pin Description Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------ISA Expansion Bus Signals -------------------------------------------------------------------------IORI/O 146 This output signal (I/O Read) indicates when an I/O device is to send data to the data bus. It can be driven by an expansion board acting as a bus master. -------------------------------------------------------------------------IOWI/O 147 This output signal (I/O Write) indicates (when low) when an I/O device is to accept the data from the data bus. It can be driven by an expansion bus adapter acting as a bus master. -------------------------------------------------------------------------BCLK O 148 This output signal allows synchronization with the main processor clock. Its frequency is approximately 8 MHz with a duty cycle of 50 percent. -------------------------------------------------------------------------BALE O 150 When high, this output signal indicates that a valid address is present on the LAxx address lines. The LAxx address lines or any decodes developed from them should be latched at the falling edge of BALE. This line is always high when a DMA or bus master operation is occurring. -------------------------------------------------------------------------AEN O 151 This signal (Address Enabled) indicates a valid DMA or refresh address. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Signal I/O Pin Description Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------ISA Expansion Bus Signals -------------------------------------------------------------------------IO16I/O 173 This input signal (I/O is 16 bits) notifies the system that the addressed I/O device is capable of transferring 16 bits of data at once. When this line is made active during an I/O read or write, the standard, 1 wait state I/O cycle is run. The system board will only use this signal if the current cycle is an I/O cycle. The addressed peripheral on the bus must pull the IO16- line low as soon as the SAxx address is decoded and hold it low until the address becomes invalid. The IO16line must be correct at the end of the first BCLK cycle after BALE goes away to insure that it is latched by the system board latch. Pulling this line low prevents the 16-bit to 8-bit bus conversion logic from being activated. This line should be driven low by an open-collector device capable of sinking 20 mA. -------------------------------------------------------------------------LOWMEMO 174 This signal (low memory) indicates that the memory being addressed is below one megabyte. -------------------------------------------------------------------------MEMRI/O 176 When low, this output signal (Memory Read) indicates that a memory device is to send data to the data bus. This signal is active over the entire address space. -------------------------------------------------------------------------MEMWI/O 177 When low, this output signal (Memory Write) indicates that a memory device is to accept the data from the data bus. This signal is active over the entire address space. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Signal I/O Pin Description Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------ISA Expansion Bus Signals -------------------------------------------------------------------------M16O 178 This input signal (memory is 16 bits) notifies the system that the addressed memory is capable of transferring 16 bits of data at once. When this line is made active during a memory read or write, the standard, 1-wait-state memory cycle is run. This line should be derived from the LAxx address lines. Do NOT decode the M16- line with any of the SAxx lines or BALE for full compatibility with COMPAQ products. The M16- line must be correct before BALE goes inactive to ensure that it is latched by the system board latch. Pulling this line low prevents the 16-bit to 8-bit bus conversion logic from being activated. It should be driven low by an open-collector device capable of sinking 20 mA. -------------------------------------------------------------------------GRABI 180 This input signal indicates that a board-mounted bus master is controlling the bus. A board pulls this line low when the appropriate DAKx line is made active, signaling that a master request is granted. The system address, data, and control lines are floated, allowing the board to begin controlling them one full BCLK period after GRAB- becomes active. At least one more full BCLK period should be allowed after putting a valid address on the bus before activating any of the control lines. On release, the control lines should be driven inactive, then all lines should be floated. After this, the GRAB- and DRQx lines can be made inactive. This line should be driven by an open-collector device capable of sinking 20 mA. -------------------------------------------------------------------------SBHEI/O 181 This signal (byte high enable) indicates, when low, that data is being transferred on the high byte of the data bus (SD15..8). -------------------------------------------------------------------------REFRESHI/O 182 This signal indicates a refresh cycle is in progress. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Signal I/O Pin Description Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------Keyboard/Mouse Interface Signals -------------------------------------------------------------------------Mouse Data I/O 13 Data line from mouse plugged into the PS2 connector of the adapter for the optional external keyboard/mouse. Keypad I 42 Numeric keypad data KYBD CLK I/O 44 External keyboard clock line KYBD DATA I/O 45 External keyboard data line Mouse CLK I/O 46 Mouse clock line -------------------------------------------------------------------------Signal I/O Pin Description Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------Video Interface Signals -------------------------------------------------------------------------R Data O 15 Red video data G Data O 16 Green video data B Data O 17 Blue video data HS O 18 Horizontal sync VS O 19 Vertical sync GND - 48 Video ground GND - 49 Video ground GND - 50 Video ground -------------------------------------------------------------------------Signal I/O Pin Description Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------Serial Interface Signals -------------------------------------------------------------------------DTR O 21 Data terminal ready RI I 22 Ring indicate TXD O 23 Transmit data CTS I 24 Clear to send RXD I 26 Receive data RTS O 27 Ready to send CD I 28 Carrier detect DSR I 29 Data set ready -------------------------------------------------------------------------Signal I/O Pin Description Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------Parallel Interface Signals -------------------------------------------------------------------------SLCT I 1 Select BUSY I 2 Printer busy STB- O 8 Strobe PE I 35 Out of paper (end) ACK- I 36 Acknowledge AUTOLF- O 101 Auto line feed ERROR- I 102 Error INIT- O 104 Initialize SLCTIN- O 133 Select D0 I/O 41 Data lines D1 I/O 7 D2 I/O 40 D3 I/O 6 D4 I/O 38 D5 I/O 4 D6 I/O 37 D7 I/O 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Signal I/O Pin Description Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------External Storage Device Interface Signals -------------------------------------------------------------------------WRTPROTI 71 Write protect WRTDATA- O 72 Write data STEP- O 74 Step signal TRK0- I 75 Track 0 WRTGATE- O 105 Write gate RDATA- I 106 Read data BOOT I 134 This signal, when present during POST, allows the external diskette drive to be the system's boot drive (A). LWDENMD- I 135 Low density media in the external diskette drive. DIRIN- O 136 Direction select when stepping the head. INDEX- I 138 Index pulse. DSKCHNG- I 139 The door to the diskette drive has been opened. HEADSEL O 140 Head select. DSEL- O 166 Drive select. LOWDEN- O 167 Low density select. -- O 168 Reserved. EXT-FPY- I 169 External diskette drive present. DSEL4- O 170 Drive select 4 (tape). MOTORO 172 Motor on. ========================================================================= == 6.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter describes the communications capabilities of the COMPAQ LTE Lite. The following subjects are discussed: o Serial port o Parallel port o Enhanced option slot 6.2 SERIAL PORT The COMPAQ LTE Lite includes as standard one serial port for connection to an asynchronous communications device. The serial port connector is located on the back of the system unit and is duplicated on the back of the optional Desktop Expansion Base. The serial port function is provided by the 82360SL peripheral controller and a RS-232-C driver/receiver that includes a low-power shut down feature. The serial port is I/O-mapped at addresses 3F8h..3FFh when configured for COM1 and 2F8h..2FFh when configured for COM2. The serial port may also be disabled. For detailed programming information on the serial port refer to the documentation listed in Chapter 1, "Introduction." 6.3 PARALLEL PORT The COMPAQ to a printer. duplicated operations a LTE Lite includes one parallel port primarily for connection The parallel port, located on the back of the system unit and on the optional Desktop Expansion Base, also supports PS2 and high-speed bidirectional data transfers with devices using compatible parallel interface. The parallel port can be mapped at addresses 3BCh..3BEh for LPT1, 378h..37Ah for LPT2, or 278h..27Ah for LPT3. The parallel port function is contained completely within the 82360SL peripheral controller. For detailed programming information, refer to the documents listed in Chapter 1, "Introduction." 6.4 ENHANCED OPTION SLOT The enhanced option slot provides the COMPAQ LTE Lite with internal expansion of communications capabilities. The enhanced option slot is a programmable interface that can be adapted to accommodate a variety of peripherals such as modems, modem/faxes, second serial port modules, etc. Configuration Registers The enhanced option slot is controlled through the following I/O-mapped registers: o o o o Peripheral Configuration Register (0465h) Option Slot Configuration Register (2865h) Option Slot Address Register (2C65h) Miscellaneous Options Register (3465h) It should be noted that these registers control some functions unrelated to the enhanced option slot. Also, there is a close working relationship between registers in defining some configurations. Peripheral Configuration Register (0465h) The Peripheral Configuration Register defines the option slot interface. Bits <7>, <3>, and <1> are with bits <3> and <2> of the Option Slot Configuration Table 6-1) to determine the mapping of the Option mapping of the enhanced used in conjunction Register (refer to Slot IRQ. Read/Write I/O Address 0465h, Power Up Value = 00000010b BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Slot IRQ Printer Interrupt Mapping 0 = SLOTIRQB mapped to IRQ7 1 = SLOTIRQB mapped to IRQ5 6..4 RESERVED 3 Option Slot IRQ Mapping 0 = SLOTIRQA mapped to IRQ4, SLOTIRQB to IRQ3 (default) 1 = SLOTIRQA mapped to IRQ3, SLOTIRQB to IRQ4 2 Option Slot Address Decode 0 = Enable COM decode and SLOT IRQA 1 = Disable COM decode and SLOT IRQA 1 Option Slot IRQB Mapping: 0 = Enable SLOT IRQB to map to IRQ3/4 1 = Disable IRQB if mapped to IRQB3/4 0 Option Slot I/O Address 0 = SLOT CS signal responds as COM2 (default) 1 = SLOT CS signal responds as COM1 Option Slot Configuration Register (2865h) The Option Slot Configuration Register is used to configure the address decode range length, the DMA channel (request/acknowledge) if required, as well as the mapping of the interrupts for the enhanced option slot. Bits <3> and <2> are used in conjunction with bits <7>, <3>, and <1> of the Peripheral Configuration Register to determine interrupt mapping for the Option slot (refer to Table 6-1). Read/Write I/O Address 2865h, Power Up Value = 00000000b BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 RESERVED 5..3 SLOT IRQB (interrupt request B) mapping 000 = IRQ3 (default) 001 = IRQ4 010 = IRQ5 011 = IRQ7 100 = IRQ9 101 = N/A 110 = N/A 111 = N/A 5,4 DMA Mapping 00 = DMA disabled 01 = DRQ1, DAK1 10 = DRQ3, DAK3 11 = DRQ5, DAK5 3,2 Interrupt Mapping (Refer to Table 6-1) 1,0 Address Decode Range Length 00 = 8 bytes, address bit 3 compared 01 = 16 bytes, address bits 4 - 9 compared 10 = 32 bytes, address 5 - 9 compared 11 = 64 bytes, address bits 6 - 9 compared Table 6-1. Enhanced Option Slot Addressing ========================================================================= == Peripheral Configuration Option Slot Configuration IRQB Register Register ----------------------------------------------Bit 7 Bit 3 Bit 1 Bit 3 Bit 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------0 0 0 0 0 Disabled 0 0 0 0 1 IRQ3 0 0 0 1 0 IRQ7 0 0 0 1 1 IRQ9 0 0 1 0 0 Disabled 0 0 1 0 1 Disabled 0 0 1 1 0 IRQ7 0 0 1 1 1 IRQ9 0 1 0 0 0 Disabled 0 1 0 0 1 IRQ4 0 1 0 1 0 IRQ7 0 1 0 1 1 IRQ9 0 1 1 0 0 Disabled 0 1 1 0 1 Disabled 0 1 1 1 0 IRQ7 0 1 1 1 1 IRQ9 ========================================================================= == Peripheral Configuration Option Slot Configuration IRQB Register Register ----------------------------------------------Bit 7 Bit 3 Bit 1 Bit 3 Bit 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 0 0 0 0 Disabled 1 0 0 0 1 IRQ3 1 0 0 1 0 IRQ5 1 0 0 1 1 IRQ9 1 0 1 0 0 Disabled 1 0 1 0 1 Disabled 1 0 1 1 0 IRQ5 1 0 1 1 1 IRQ9 1 1 0 0 0 Disabled 1 1 0 0 1 IRQ4 1 1 0 1 0 IRQ5 1 1 0 1 1 IRQ9 1 1 1 0 0 Disabled 1 1 1 0 1 Disabled 1 1 1 1 0 IRQ5 1 1 1 1 1 IRQ9 ========================================================================= == Option Slot Address Decode Register (2C65h) The Option Slot Address Decode Register defines the base address to be used when the enhanced option slot is used for a function other than COM1 or COM2. The 10-line address bus (SA9..SA0) is programmable for address range lengths of 8, 16, 32, or 64 bytes as defined by the Option Slot Configuration Register. The Option Slot Address Decode Register further defines address decoding by specifying the LAx bit(s) to be compared for generating the SLOT CS- signal, which indicates that the enhanced option slot logic has performed a valid I/O address decode. Read/Write I/O Address 2C65h, Power Up Value = 00000000b BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Programmable address decode enable 0 = Address determined by Peripheral Configuration Register 1 = Address determined by Option Slot Address and Option Slot Configuration Registers 6..3 a Starting address bits 9-6. These are compared to bits SA9..SA6 in 64-byte decode range. SLOT-CS is generated if these and all other bits compare 2 Starting address bit 5. This bit is compared with SA5 in an 8-, 16-, or 32-byte decode range. SLOT-CS is generated if these and bits SA9..SA6 compare. 1 Starting address bit 4. This bit is compared with SA4 in an 8- or 16-byte decode range. SLOT-CS is generated if these and bits SA9..SA5 compare. 0 Starting address bit 3. This bit compared with SA3 in an 8-byte decode range. SLOT-CS is generated if these and bits SA9..SA4 compare. Miscellaneous Options Register (4365h) The Miscellaneous Options Register controls the SLOT ON signal to the Option slot. This register also controls other functions unrelated to the Options Slot. The state of bit <2> reflects the condition of the SLOT ON signal. The SLOT ON signal can be used by a device connected to the Option Slot to turn off power or enter a low power or "sleep" mode to conserve battery power. The SLOT RST signal is asserted for 10 msec whenever the SLOT ON signal is toggled. The other functions of this register are covered in the appropriate chapters. Read/Write I/O Address 3465h, Power Up Value = 00000100b BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 RESERVED 3 Force Disk Change 0 = Disk change clear enable 1 = Force disk change 2 Option Slot On 0 = SLOT ON signal low 1 = SLOT ON signal high 1 Enable Mouse on IRQ12 0 = Disable 1 = Enable 0 Standby Speaker Beep 0 = Beeps disabled 1 = Beeps enabled Enhanced Option Slot Addressing The base address of the enhanced option slot may be set to COM1, COM2, or programmed for decoding any value in an 8-, 16-, 32-, or 64-byte address range length as defined by bits <3> and <2> of the Peripheral Configuration Register. Decoding is enabled/disabled by the status of bit <2> of the Peripheral Configuration register and bit <7> of the Option Slot Address Decode Register. The relationship between the registers defining the enhanced option slot addressing is shown in Table 6-2. Table 6-2. Enhanced Option Slot Addressing ========================================================================= == Peripheral Configuration Option Slot Option Slot Register Address Decode Addressing Register -----------------------------------------Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Bit 7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------x x 0 x 0 Disabled x x 1 0 0 COM1 port x x 1 1 0 COM2 port 0 0 0 x 1 8-byte address range length 0 1 0 x 1 16-byte address range length 1 0 0 x 1 32-byte address range length 1 1 0 x 1 64-byte address range length -------------------------------------------------------------------------- x = Don't care ========================================================================= == Enhanced Option Slot Connector Signals The enhanced option slot interface uses a 50-pin connector to transfer signals to/from an optional modem, second serial port, or other I/O device. Table 6-3 describes the connector signals, which in effect represent a subset of the ISA expansion bus interface. The timing of the enhanced option slot signals is identical to that of ISA expansion bus signals. The I/O designation is with respect to the device installed in the enhanced option slot. Table 6-3. Enhanced Option Slot Signal Descriptions ========================================================================= == Pin I/O Signal Name Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 I GND Ground 26 I GND Ground 27 I GND Ground -------------------------------------------------------------------------2 I/O DB00 These bidirectional lines are used for 3 I/O DB01 all byte transfers with 8-bit devices. 4 I/O DB02 16-bit devices use these lines for 5 I/O DB03 transferring the low byte in a word 6 I/O DB04 transfer (XA0B low). 7 I/O DB05 8 I/O DB06 9 1/O DB07 -------------------------------------------------------------------------29 I/O DB15 These bidirectional lines are used 30 I/O DB14 exclusively by 16-bit devices for 31 I/O DB13 transferring the high byte in a word 32 I/O DB12 transfer. 33 I/O DB11 34 I/O DB10 35 1/O DB09 36 1/O DB08 -------------------------------------------------------------------------10 I SLOT CSWhen active (low), indicates that the option slot interface logic has generated a valid I/O address decode. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 I SIOWCI/O write command (active low) -------------------------------------------------------------------------12 I SIORCI/O read command (active low) -------------------------------------------------------------------------13 O SLOT IRQA Interrupt request for the option slot interface. May be configured as IRQ3 or IRQ4. -------------------------------------------------------------------------14 I/O BUSRDYThis signal lengthens a bus signal from its standard length when a controller board cannot respond quickly enough. BUSRDY- should be pulled low as soon as a slow device is selected and should be held low until the device has responded. Bus cycles are lengthened by an integral number of BCLK cycles. This line should not be held low for more than 2.5 us. It should be driven by an open collector device capable of sinking 20 mA. -------------------------------------------------------------------------15 I +5 VDC DC power for option slot interface 16 I +5 VDC device (350 mA total current load). -------------------------------------------------------------------------17 I SLOT RST Reset signal used to clear all registers and control logic of the option slot interface. -------------------------------------------------------------------------18 I SA0 These lines provide local address 19 I SA1 signals to the option slot interface 20 I SA2 device. The option slot interface logic 37 I SA3 can be programmed to decode I/O address 38 I SA4 range lengths of 8, 16, 32, and 64 39 I SA5 bytes. 40 I SA6 41 I SA7 42 I SA8 43 I SA9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Pin I/O Signal Name Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------21 I COMMCLK 1.8432 MHz clock, 50 percent duty cycle. Not present when the computer is in a Standby or sleep condition. -------------------------------------------------------------------------22 -Reserved Not used -------------------------------------------------------------------------23 O WAKEUPThis signal, when low, brings the system out of Standby. -------------------------------------------------------------------------24 I SLOT ON This signal can be used to control an option slot device's low power (sleep) mode capabilities. -------------------------------------------------------------------------25 O MSPKDRV Audio output to system speaker (5 volts RMS maximum into 10K ohm load). -------------------------------------------------------------------------28 I DMA This signal, when active (high), indicates a DMA cycle is in progress. -------------------------------------------------------------------------44 O SLOT DMAThis signal, when active (low), indicates to the system that the option slot interface device is capable of DMA operations. It should be driven by an open collector device capable of sinking 20 mA. -------------------------------------------------------------------------45 I T-C When high, this signal indicates that the terminal count of a DMA operation has been reached. -------------------------------------------------------------------------46 O SLOT IRQB Interrupt request for option slot interface devices using programmable address decoding. This signal may be programmed as IRQ3, IRQ4, IRQ5, IRQ7, or IRQ9. -------------------------------------------------------------------------47 O I/O16This signal, when low, notifies the system that the addressed device is capable of supporting 16-bit transfers. It should be driven by an open collector device capable of sinking 20 mA. -------------------------------------------------------------------------48 O SLOT DRQ DMA request. This signal may be configured as DRQ1, DRQ3, or DRQ5. -------------------------------------------------------------------------49 O SLOT IOENI/O enable. This signal indicates, when low, that the option slot device has a valid I/O address decode. -------------------------------------------------------------------------50 I SLOT DAK DMA acknowledge. This signal indicates to the option slot that the system has recognized the SLOT DRQ. ========================================================================= == 7.1 INTRODUCTION The basic input/output system (BIOS) of a computer is the collection of machine language programs contained in read-only memory (ROM) that controls the most fundamental processes or functions of the system such as: o Execution of power-on self-tests o Initialization of the system o Interaction with the display, diskette and hard drives, communications devices, and other peripheral devices In addition, the BIOS supports: o Power Conservation Features o Video Graphics Controller Fundamentals of Interrupt Service Calls BIOS functions are accessed by the processor interrupt (INT) instruction. This is a software interrupt, or service call, requesting that a certain function be performed. For example, when the processor encounters the instruction INT 10h (video I/O), it invokes the program or routine in the BIOS memory that controls the video functions. Before the INT instruction can be used, the processor's registers must be set up with the values assigned to the function desired. The formats for the register values are described at each function. The values in the register after the function call (INT) also depend upon the function. To prevent major software problems, routines interfacing to higher level language programs (such as BASIC, C, Pascal, or Prolog) that use service calls, must be written so as to ensure that, when a function is complete, the register values are returned to the pre-service call state. When the processor is operating in Real mode, the system stores a software interrupt memory location table in RAM, starting at address 0000:0000 (segment:offset). A vector is a pointer to another location. For example, memory locations 40h..43h contain a vector to the video interrupt service routine; when INT 10h (video I/O) is called, the processor looks to memory locations 40h..43h for the address of that routine. In the Protected mode, the vector table can begin anywhere in physical memory as defined by the Interrupt Descriptor Table (IDT) base register in the processor. Interrupts caused by hardware devices also have service routines in memory. The vectors for these interrupts are included in the interrupt memory location tables in this chapter. Some interrupt calls have more than one function available, requiring some method of specifying which function is desired. This information is provided by loading the AH register with the number of the desired function before the INT instruction is issued. In some cases, more than one parameter (value) must be loaded into the processor's registers before the INT instruction is issued. Before using a software INT instruction, always ensure that all registers are properly set. All register contents, except for the AX register and any other register specifically mentioned in the corresponding INT section, are preserved when the interrupt service calls return to the calling program. BIOS Initialization When the processor is reset, execution begins at address FFFFFFF0h, which is located in the system BIOS ROM. Processor reset always occurs when the computer is turned on (a "cold boot"). It can also be initiated by holding down the Ctrl + Alt + Delete keys (a "warm boot"). Finally, processor reset can occur under program control, usually to resume program execution in Real mode. The BIOS senses an initial "power-on" condition when the system flag (bit <2>) in the 8042 keyboard controller status port is "0." Subsequent power-on functions performed by the BIOS consist of EISA expansion board initialization, device initialization, diagnostic tests, configuration sensing and verification, and bootstrapping from either the diskette drive or a hard drive. Normal Reset Normal reset includes the following operations: o Initialization of programmable devices o Video display controller initialization o BIOS stack (SS:SP) established o EISA expansion board initialization o Memory map initialization o RAM test o Cache test o Real-time clock initialization o Initialization and test of keyboard, diskette drive, and hard drive (and their respective controllers) o A20 gate disablement, enabling 20-bit address wrap around o Option ROMs scanning Before the system is bootstrapped, hardware interrupts IRQ1 (for the keyboard) and IRQ9 (a chain to IRQ2) are also enabled. Control then transfers to INT 19h, the system bootstrap. Software Reset Because the processor can be reset for a variety of software-related reasons, a byte in the configuration memory (0Fh) has been set aside to record a "reset code." This code is loaded immediately before the keyboard controller is requested to issue a system reset command and is examined afterwards to tell the BIOS what operation was in effect before the reset. When a vector is needed for a return address or a pointer to a saved environment, the reset vector at address 0040:0067 is used. Several reset codes have been set aside for use when system software needs to switch from Protected mode to Real mode. These are listed in Table 71. Table 7-1. Reset Codes ========================================================================= == Code Function Action Reset Vector (0040:0067) -------------------------------------------------------------------------00h Normal reset Reserved 04h Reset with Boot Request Reserved 05h Return EOI Return address (CS:IP) 09h Return from Block Move Pointer to stack frame (SS:SP) (used internally by BIOS INT 15h, AH = 87h) 0Ah Return without EOI Return address (CS:IP) ========================================================================= == Other reset codes are reserved by the BIOS, but they should not be used. On return to the destination environment, the stack segment (SS) and stack pointer (SP) registers point to an area in BIOS RAM for all reset codes except for code 09h, return from block move. This function uses the reset vector at 0040:0067 as a save area for SS:SP, a stack frame pointer. The stack frame stores the processor's registers in the following order, beginning at offset +00h (top of stack): DS, ES, DI, SI, BP, SP, BX, DX, CX, AX, IP, CS, and flags. 7.2 BIOS INTERRUPTS SUMMARY This section summarizes the interrupt calls used for each system function and the memory locations used by the BIOS for those functions. Interrupts are classified into four categories according to their sources: software (SW), central processing unit (CPU), hardware (HW), and pointer (PTR). o SW interrupts are issued by application programs or system software. Interrupt service routines are provided by the BIOS ROM or other user-supplied system software. These interrupts form a standardized interface among applications programs, system software, and BIOS firmware. o CPU interrupts are initiated by the processor or coprocessor as the result of a processing exception. For example, executing an invalid opcode causes an INT 06h. o HW interrupts are initiated by the processor's device signals on the nonmaskable Interrupt (NMI) or Interrupt (INTR) pins. Signals on the INTR pin are arbitrated by interrupt controllers. An interrupt-acknowledge cycle by the processor requests the active interrupt controller to place the actual interrupt number on the bus. o PTR interrupts are not used to transfer program control; they are 4byte pointers in low-address memory named for the interrupt vector location they occupy. These pointers typically point to video, diskette drive, or hard drive controller parameters, character dot-pattern tables, or tables of other pointers. In the interrupt listings, each interrupt will include a header indicating the hex number of the interrupt, its category, its function(s), and [in brackets] the RAM location in which its vector is stored, as in the following example: INT 13h -- SW -- hard Drive I/O [0000:004C] Subsets of an interrupt are introduced by a header indicating the hex number, the input values, and the interrupt function, as in the following example: INT 13h, AH = 02h -- Read Sectors Table 7-2 summarizes all the BIOS interrupts in ascending order by hex number. Where two interrupts share a single address, both are listed at the appropriate hex number. All the interrupts listed occupy 4 bytes. Table 7-2. BIOS Interrupt Summary (all take 4 bytes) ========================================================================= == INT Type Function RAM Location Address -------------------------------------------------------------------------00h CPU Divide by zero 0000:0000 01h CPU Debug exception (Single step) 0000:0004 02h HW Nonmaskable Interrupt (NMI) 0000:0008 03h CPU Software breakpoint 0000:000C 04h CPU Arithmetic overflow 0000:0010 05h SW CPU Print screen Bound exceeded 0000:0014 06h CPU Invalid opcode 0000:0018 07h CPU Coprocessor not present 0000:001C 08h CPU HW Double fault error IRQ0, Tick counter 0000:0020 09h CPU HW Coprocessor/486 FPU segment overrun IRQ1, Keyboard 0000:0024 0Ah CPU HW Invalid TSS Simulated IRQ2 0000:0028 0Bh CPU HW Segment not present IRQ3, Comm, secondary 0000:002C 0Ch CPU HW Stack segment overflow IRQ4, Comm, primary 0000:0030 0Dh CPU HW General protection IRQ5 Reserved 0000:0034 -------------------------------------------------------------------------INT Type Function RAM Location Address -------------------------------------------------------------------------0Eh HW IRQ6, Diskette drive 0000:0038 0Fh HW IRQ7, Printer 0000:003C 10h SW Video I/O 0000:0040 11h SW Configuration 0000:0044 12h SW Base memory size 0000:0048 13h SW Diskette/hard drive I/O 0000:004C 14h SW Communications I/O 0000:0050 15h SW Miscellaneous BIOS Functions 0000:0054 16h SW Keyboard I/O, cache memory 0000:0058 17h SW Printer I/O 0000:005C 18h SW Boot Fail 0000:0060 19h SW Bootstrap 0000:0064 1Ah SW Tick counter/RTC 0000:0068 1Bh SW Control break service 0000:006C 1Ch SW Tick counter service 0000:0070 1Dh PTR Video controller board parameters 0000:0074 1Eh PTR Diskette drive parameter table 0000:0078 1Fh PTR External graphics character set (Graphics Dot Table Vector) 0000:007C -------------------------------------------------------------------------INT Type Function RAM Location Address -------------------------------------------------------------------------40h SW Diskette drive I/O 0000:0100 41h PTR hard drive 1 parameters 0000:0104 43h PTR External graphics character set (Graphics Dot Table Vector) 0000:010C 46h PTR hard drive 2 parameters 0000:0118 4Ah SW RTC alarm service 0000:0128 70h HW IRQ8, Real-time clock (RTC) 0000:01C0 71h HW IRQ9, (redirected to IRQ2) 0000:01C4 72h HW IRQ10, Reserved 0000:01C8 73h HW IRQ11, Reserved 0000:01CC 74h HW IRQ12, Pointing device 0000:01D0 75h HW IRQ13, Coprocessor error 0000:01D4 76h HW IRQ14, hard drive 0000:01D8 77h HW IRQ15, Power 0000:01DC ========================================================================= == In addition to using a section of RAM for the vector table, the system BIOS uses another section for status information and buffers for data transfers. Table 7-3 lists these locations. Table 7-3. RAM Locations Used by the BIOS for Status Information and Buffers ========================================================================= == Address Bytes Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------0040:0000 2 Base address of Comm Port 0 (COM1) 0040:0002 2 Base address of Comm Port 1 (COM2) 0040:0004 2 Base address of Comm Port 2 0040:0006 2 Base address of Comm Port 3 0040:0008 2 Base address of Printer Port 0 (LPT1) 0040:000A 2 Base address of Printer Port 1 (LPT2) 0040:000C 2 Base address of Printer Port 2 (LPT3) 0040:000E 2 Pointer to extended BIOS data area 0040:0010 2 Equipment status 0040:0012 1 Used by power-on diagnostics 0040:0013 2 Base memory size in Kbytes 0040:0015 1 Previous scan code 0040:0016 1 Keyclick loudness 0040:0017 2 Keyboard bit status 0040:0019 1 Accumulator for ALT key input 0040:001A 2 Keyboard buffer pointer -- head 0040:001C 2 Keyboard buffer pointer -- tail -------------------------------------------------------------------------Address Bytes Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------0040:001E 32 Keyboard type-ahead buffer -- 16 entries 0040:003E 1 Diskette drive status 0040:003F 1 Motor status 0040:0040 1 Motor off time-out counter 0040:0041 1 Diskette last operation status 0040:0042 7 Diskette drive controller status 0040:0049 1 Video mode 0040:004A 2 Number of columns on screen 0040:004C 2 Length of screen memory 0040:004E 2 Starting address for screen memory 0040:0050 16 Cursor save area for each page (8 entries) 0040:0060 2 Cursor mode (start and end scanlines) 0040:0062 1 Current page 0040:0063 2 Base address to active video adapter board 0040:0065 1 Current mode 0040:0066 1 Current color 0040:0067 4 Reset vector 0040:006B 1 Interrupt occurred flag 0040:006C 4 Timer ticks since midnight 0040:0070 1 Timer-rolled-over flag -------------------------------------------------------------------------Address Bytes Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------0040:0071 1 Break bit 0040:0072 2 Reset word 0040:0074 1 hard drive status of last operation 0040:0075 1 Number of hard drives 0040:0076 1 hard drive control byte 0040:0077 1 Reserved 0040:0078 1 Time-out for printer port 0 (LPT1) 0040:0079 1 Time-out for printer port 1 (LPT2) 0040:007A 1 Time-out for printer port 2 (LPT3) 0040:007B 1 Reserved 0040:007C 1 Time-out for Comm port 0 (COM1) 0040:007D 1 Time-out for Comm port 1 (COM2) 0040:007E 1 Time-out for Comm port 2 0040:007F 1 Time-out for Comm port 3 0040:0080 2 Keyboard buffer begin 0040:0082 2 Keyboard buffer end 0040:0084 7 Reserved 0040:008B 1 Last data rate selected 0040:008C 1 hard drive status 0040:008D 1 hard drive error -------------------------------------------------------------------------Address Bytes Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------0040:008E 1 Interrupt occurred flag 0040:008F 1 Diskette drive indicator 0040:0090 1 Drive 1(A) media state 0040:0091 1 Drive 2(B) media state 0040:0092 1 Drive 1(A) operation start state 0040:0093 1 Drive 2(B) operation start state 0040:0094 1 Drive 1(A) current track 0040:0095 1 Drive 2(B) current track 0040:0096 1 Enhanced keyboard shift status 0040:0097 1 Keyboard LED flags 0040:0098 4 Pointer to caller's wait flag 0040:009C 4 Wait count (32-bit) 0040:00A0 1 Wait active flag 0040:00A1 95 Reserved 0040:0100 1 Print screen status ========================================================================= == Functional Interrupt Summary This chapter has categorized the BIOS interrupts according to the subsystems they affect. The following describes functional aspects for the interrupts involving the following areas: o o o o o o o o o o o o System Real-Time Clock (RTC) Processor Math Coprocessor Cache Memory Diskette Drive Hard Drive Keyboard Parallel Port Serial Port Video Miscellaneous 7.3 SYSTEM INTERRUPTS The system interrupts provide a variety of services that apply to the system in general. Table 7-4 lists the system interrupts. Table 7-4. System Interrupts ========================================================================= == Interrupt Type Location Bytes Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------02h HW 0000:0008 4 Nonmaskable Interrupt (NMI) 11h SW 0000:0044 4 Equipment Configuration 12h SW 0000:0048 4 Base Memory Size BIOS Extension; function 15h SW 0000:0054 4 determined by AH; (refer to Table 7-5) 18h SW 0000:0060 4 Boot Fail 19h SW 0000:0064 4 Bootstrap ========================================================================= == INT 15h is used for a variety of BIOS functions, as summarized in Table 7-5. Table 7-5. INT 15h BIOS Extension Functions ========================================================================= == AH Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------4Fh Keyboard Scan Code Intercept 80h Device Open 81h Device Close 82h Program Terminate 83h Dispatch function determined by AL: 00h = Set event wait 01h = Cancel event wait 84h Joystick 85h SYS REQ Key Routine 86h Unconditional Wait 87h Move Block 88h Extended Memory Determination 89h Enter Protected mode 90h Device Wait 91h Device Post C0h Return System Environment C1h Return Extended BIOS Data Area Segment C2h Auxiliary Input Interface function determined by AL: 00h = Enable/disable pointing device 01h = Reset pointing device 02h = Set pointing device 03h = Set pointing device resolution 04h = Read pointing device type 05h = Initialize pointing device interface 06h = Pointing device extended commands 07h = Device driver for call initialization ========================================================================= == Table 7-6 lists additional memory locations affected by system functions. Table 7-6. Other Memory Locations Affected By System Functions ========================================================================= == Address Bytes Contents -------------------------------------------------------------------------0040:0010 2 Equipment Status 0040:0013 2 Base Memory Size in Kbytes 0040:0067 4 Reset Vector 0040:0072 2 Reset Word 0040:0098 4 Pointer to Caller's Wait Flag 0040:009C 4 Wait Count (32-bit) 0040:00A0 1 Wait Active Flag ========================================================================= == Extended System Interrupts The following paragraphs describe BIOS extensions that provide additional system functions. INT 15h, AH = C1h -- Return Extended BIOS Data Area Segment INT 15h, AH = C1h returns the segment of the extended BIOS data area in ES. INPUT: AH = C1h OUTPUT: ES = Extended BIOS data area segment CF = 1, If error (no extended BIOS data area present) INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 00h -- Enable/Disable Pointing Device INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 00h will enable, or disable a pointing device. INPUT: AH = C2h AL = 00h BH = 00h, Disable auxiliary pointing device = 01h, Enable auxiliary pointing device OUTPUT: AH = = = = = = 00h, 01h, 02h, 03h, 04h, 05h, No error Invalid function call Invalid input Interface error Resend command error No far call installed error BH = Device ID (00h for mouse) CF = 0, Successful completion = 1, Unsuccessful operation INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 01h -- Reset Pointing Device INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 01h resets the pointing device, returns the sample rate, resolution and scaling to the default values (100 reports/sec, 4 counts/mm, and 1:1 scaling, respectively). The return from this call leaves the data packet size unchanged and the pointing device disabled. INPUT: AH = C2h AL = 01h OUTPUT: AH = = = = = = BH = CF = = 00h, No error 01h, Invalid function call 02h, Invalid input 03h, Interface error 04h, Resend command error 05h, No far call installed error Device ID (00h for a mouse) 0, Successful completion 1, Unsuccessful operation INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 02h -- Set Pointing Device Sample Rate INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 02h sets the sample rate of the pointing device. INPUT: AH = C2h AL = 02h BH = Sample rate 00h, 10 reports/second 01h, 20 reports/second 02h, 40 reports/second 03h, 60 reports/second 04h, 80 reports/second 05h, 100 reports/second 06h, 200 reports/second OUTPUT: AH = = = = = = CF = = 00h, No error 01h, Invalid function call 02h, Invalid input 03h, Interface error 04h, Resend command error 05h, No far call installed error 0, Successful completion 1, Unsuccessful operation INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 03h -- Set Pointing Device Resolution INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 03h sets the resolution of the pointing device. INPUT: AH = C2h AL = 03h BH = Resolution 00h, 1 count/mm 01h, 2 counts/mm 02h, 4 counts/mm 03h, 8 counts/mm OUTPUT: AH = = = = = = CF = = 00h, No error 01h, Invalid function call 02h, Invalid input 03h, Interface error 04h, Resend command error 05h, No far call installed error 0, Successful completion 1, Unsuccessful operation INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 04h -- Read Pointing Device Type INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 04h reads the pointing device ID. INPUT: AH = C2h AL = 04h OUTPUT: AH = = = = = = BH = CF = = 00h, No error 01h, Invalid function call 02h, Invalid input 03h, Interface error 04h, Resend command error 05h, No far call installed error Device ID 0, Successful completion 1, Unsuccessful operation INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 05h -- Initialize Pointing Device Interface INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 05h is similar to INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 01h except this call also sets the data packet size according to the value in BH. After the call, the sample rate, scaling, and resolution are all set to their default values (100 reports/sec, 4 counts/mm, and 1:1 scaling, respectively), and the pointing device is disabled. INPUT: AH = C2h AL = 00h BH = Data 00h, 01h, 02h, 03h, 04h, 05h, 06h, 07h, Packet Size Reserved 1 byte 2 bytes 3 bytes 4 bytes 5 bytes 6 bytes 7 bytes 08h, 8 bytes OUTPUT: AH = = = = = = CF = = 00h, No error 01h, Invalid function call 02h, Invalid input 03h, Interface error 04h, Resend command error 05h, No far call installed error 0, Successful completion 1, Unsuccessful operation INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 06h -- Pointing Device Extended Commands INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 06h returns the three-byte status from the pointing device or will set the scaling factor, depending on the value passed in BH. INPUT: AH = C2h AL = 06h BH = 00h, Return status = 01h, Set 1:1 scaling factor = 02h, Set 2:1 scaling factor OUTPUT: AH = = = = = = BH = BL = 00h, No error 01h, Invalid function call 02h, Invalid input 03h, Interface error 04h, Resend command error 05h, No far call installed error 00h, If the operation is successful Status byte 1 (refer to bit map ) BL BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6 Mode 0 = Stream mode 1 = Remote mode 5 1 = Pointing device enabled 4 Scaling Factor 0 = 1:1 scaling 1 = 2:1 scaling 3 Reserved 2 1 = Left button pressed 1 Reserved 0 1 = Right button pressed INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 07h -- Device Driver Far Call Initialization INT 15h, AH = C2h, AL = 07h stores the location of the pointing device driver in the extended BIOS data area. INPUT: AH AL BX ES = = = = C2h 07h Offset of device driver address Code segment of device driver address OUTPUT: AH = = = = = = CF = = 00h, No error 01h, Invalid function call 02h, Invalid input 03h, Interface error 04h, Resend command error 05h, No far call installed error 0, Successful completion 1, Unsuccessful operation 7.4 TICK COUNTER/REAL-TIME CLOCK INTERRUPTS The Tick Counter/Real-Time Clock (RTC) Interrupts provide all timekeeping functions in the BIOS. The Tick Counter/RTC Interrupts are actually two separate services attached to two different hardware elements: o The tick counter is one counter of the 8254 Programmable Interval Timer (or equivalent), and is provided chiefly for compatibility with software written for 8088/8086-based products. o The real-time clock is part of the RTC and Configuration Memory device which is powered by its own battery. The RTC provides battery backed-up time-of-day information and alarm service in a binary-coded decimal (BCD) format. The RTC maintains its function no matter what the power condition of the computer itself. During power-on, the BIOS uses the RTC to initialize the tick counter. Thereafter, the tick counter maintains a 32-bit counter in the BIOS RAM area that contains the number of ticks since midnight. Ticks arrive from hardware interrupt IRQ0 and are vectored through INT 08h at a rate of approximately 18.2 ticks per second (18.2 Hz). When the counter reaches 1573040 (24 hours), it rolls over to zero and sets a rolled-over flag in BIOS RAM. In addition to time keeping, the tick counter also decrements a countdown timer variable in BIOS RAM, and when zero is reached, turns off the diskette drive motors. A periodic interrupt to application software is provided by the BIOS calling INT 1Ch every tick. The vector in INT 1Ch is initialized at power-on to point to a dummy interrupt return. RTC BIOS support provides an interface to the real-time clock device. This device maintains the time of day and an alarm function in hardware. When enabled, it also interrupts the processor on IRQ8 vectored through INT 70h at a rate of 1024 interrupts per second (one every 976 us). Three software services are driven by the RTC hardware interrupt to IRQ8: o Event Wait (INT 15h, AH = 83h) o Unconditional Wait (INT 15h, AH = 86h) o RTC Alarm Service (INT 4Ah) Table 7-7 lists the system interrupts used by the Tick Counter/Real-Time Clock interrupts. Table 7-7. Tick Counter and RTC Interrupts ========================================================================= == Interrupt Type Location Bytes Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------08h HW 0000:0020 4 IRQ0, Tick Counter 1Ah SW 0000:0068 4 Tick Counter/RTC function determined by AH: 00h = Read tick counter 01h = Reset tick counter 02h = Read RTC time 03h = Set RTC time 04h = Read RTC date 05h = Set RTC date 06h = Set RTC alarm 07h = Reset RTC alarm 1Ch SW 0000:0070 4 Tick Counter Service 4Ah SW 0000:0128 4 RTC Alarm Service 70h HW 0000:01C0 4 IRQ8, RTC Interrupt ========================================================================= == Table 7-8 lists additional memory locations used by the tick counter and RTC functions. Table 7-8. Other Memory Locations Affected By Tick Counter and RTC Functions ========================================================================= == Address Bytes Contents -------------------------------------------------------------------------0040:0040 1 Motor off counter 0040:006B 1 Interrupt-Occurred Flag 0040:006C 4 Timer Ticks Since Midnight 0040:0070 1 Timer-Rolled-Over Flag 0040:0098 1 Pointer to Caller's Wait Flag 0040:009C 4 Wait Count (32-bit) 0040:00A0 1 Wait Active Flag ========================================================================= == 7.5 PROCESSOR INTERRUPTS The system processor has a number of predefined interrupts for notifying system or application software of execution exceptions. These CPU-type interrupts are categorized as processing, debug, and arithmetic interrupts. Refer to the Intel Programmer's Reference manual for a detailed explanation of the CPU-type interrupts. In addition, two software interrupts are used to control the CPU speed. These are described in detail following the table below. Table 7-9 lists the memory locations used by the processor interrupts. Table 7-9. Processor Interrupts ========================================================================= == Interrupt Type Memory Bytes Function Location -------------------------------------------------------------------------00h CPU 0000:0000 4 Divide by Zero 01h CPU 0000:0004 4 Debug Exception 03h CPU 0000:000C 4 SW Breakpoint 04h CPU 0000:0010 4 Arithmetic Overflow 05h CPU 0000:0014 4 Bound Exceeded 06h CPU 0000:0018 4 Invalid Opcode 08h CPU 0000:0020 4 Double-Fault Error 0Ah CPU 0000:0028 4 Invalid TSS 0Bh CPU 0000:002C 4 Segment Not Present 0Ch CPU 0000:0030 4 Stack Segment Overflow 0Dh CPU 0000:0034 4 General Protection 0Eh CPU 0000:0038 4 Page Fault 11h * CPU 0000:0044 4 Alignment Check 16h determined SW 0000:0058 4 CPU speed function by AH: F0h = Set CPU speed F1h = Read current CPU speed -------------------------------------------------------------------------* 486-specific interrupt ========================================================================= == INT 16h, AH = F0h -- Set CPU Speed INT 16h, AH = F0h changes the value of the Interval Timer 2, Counter 2 to specify the simulated CPU speed. INPUT: AH = F0h AL = 00h MHz = 01h Sets speed to the equivalent of a 286-based system at 6 (COMMON) Sets speed to the equivalent of a 286-based system at 8 MHz = 02h = 03h = 08h (FAST) Sets speed to maximum speed (HIGH) Toggles speed between AUTO and HIGH Sets speed to switch between the 286 8-MHz equivalent speed and maximum speed during diskette operations (AUTO) = 09h Sets system speed to a value between 1 and 50 decimal. A value of 1 is the slowest speed possible, and 50 approximates the maximum speed. CX = Speed Value (1..50) NOTE: CX contains the speed value only when AL contains 09h. OUTPUT: None INT 16h, AH = F1h -- Read Current CPU Speed INT 16h, AH = F1h returns the current system speed. INPUT: AH = F1h OUTPUT: AL = 00h, if system speed is set to 6-MHz 286 speed equivalent (COMMON) = 01h, if system speed is set to 8-MHz 286 speed equivalent (FAST) = 02h, if system speed is set to maximum speed (HIGH) = 08h Sets speed to switch between the 286 8-MHz equivalent speed and maximum speed during diskette operations (AUTO) = 09h, if system speed has been set by BIOS function CX = Speed Value (01h..32h) NOTE: CX contains the speed value only when AL contains 09h. 7.6 COPROCESSOR INTERRUPTS The BIOS provides two areas of basic support for a math coprocessor, which is also known as a floating point unit (FPU): o BIOS checks for the presence of a coprocessor during the system initialization process. When a coprocessor is present (which will always be the case with the 486), the BIOS sets the appropriate bits in the machine status word in the processor. o The BIOS transfers INT 75h (IRQ13, FPU error) to INT 02h for compatibility with software written for 8088/8086-based products. After initialization, coprocessor interrupts INT 07h (FPU not present) and INT 09h (FPU segment overrun) are normally supported by system software operating systems and are not handled by the BIOS. Table 7-10. Coprocessor Interrupts ========================================================================= == Interrupt Type Memory Bytes Function Location -------------------------------------------------------------------------07h CPU 0000:001C 4 Reserved 09h overrun CPU 0000:0024 4 Coprocessor/486-FPU segment 10h CPU 0000:0040 4 Floating point error 75h HW 0000:01D4 4 IRQ13, Coprocessor/486-FPU error ========================================================================= == 7.7 CACHE MEMORY INTERRUPTS The cache memory subsystem uses software interrupt INT 16h, AH = F4h. It is used to return the status of the cache controller and to enable or disable the cache controller. The functions of the cache memory interrupts are listed in Table 7-11 and described in the following paragraphs. Table 7-11. Cache Memory Interrupts ========================================================================= == Interrupt Type Memory Bytes Function Location -------------------------------------------------------------------------16h, AH = F4h SW 0000:0058 4 Determined by AL: 00h = Return cache controller status 01h = Enable cache controller 02h = Disable cache controller ========================================================================= == INT 16h, AH = F4h, AL = 00h -- Return Cache Controller Status INT 16h, AH = F4h, AL = 00h returns the cache controller status. INPUT: AH = F4h AL = 00h OUTPUT: AH = E2h AL = Cache 00h = 01h = 02h = controller status Cache controller not present Cache controller enabled Cache controller disabled Other registers are preserved. INT 16h, AH = F4h, AL = 01h -- Enable Cache Controller INT 16h, AH = F4h, AL = 01h enables the cache controller. INPUT: AH = F4h AL = 01h OUTPUT: AH = E2h AL = 01h, Successful completion = 00h, No Cache controller available Other registers are preserved. INT 16h, AH = F4h, AL = 02h -- Disable Cache Controller INT 16h, AH = F4h, AL = 02h disables the cache controller. INPUT: AH = F4h AL = 02h OUTPUT: AH = E2h AL = 02h, Successful completion = 00h, No Cache controller available 7.8 DISKETTE DRIVE INTERRUPTS All communication between the user and the diskette drive is via a single ROM call (INT 13h). When the system contains a hard drive, INT 13h interrupts are vectored to INT 40h. The user can perform any of several functions. During a write operation, a head settle time of 15/20 ms (as appropriate) is used if a diskette drive parameter table specifies a head settle time of less than 15 ms for a 1.2-megabyte diskette drive, or less than 20 ms for a 360-Kbyte double-density diskette drive. In addition, a motor settle time of one second is used for a write or format operation, and 625 ms for a read or verify operation. To read or write to 48-TPI media, the software must step the 96-TPI drive head twice between each 48-TPI track. Table 7-12 lists the BIOS diskette drive interrupts and memory locations used. Table 7-12. Diskette Drive Interrupts ========================================================================= == Interrupt Type Location Bytes Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------0Eh HW 0000:0038 4 IRQ6, Diskette Interrupt 13h determined SW 0000:004C 4 Diskette I/O function by AH: 00h = Reset diskette subsystem 01h = Read status of last operation 02h = Read sectors 03h = Write sectors 04h = Verify sectors 05h = Format track 08h = Get drive parameters 15h = Get drive type 16h = Read diskette change line status 17h = Set drive type for format 18h = Set media type for format 1Eh PTR 0000:0078 4 Diskette Drive Parameter Table Vector 40h SW 0000:0100 4 Diskette I/O (refer to INT13h above) ========================================================================= == Table 7-13 shows the memory locations that are affected by the diskette drive functions. Table 7-13. Memory Locations Used By Diskette Drive Functions ========================================================================= == Location Bytes Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------0040:003E 1 Drive recalibration status: <7> = Interrupt occurred flag <6> = Reserved <3..0> = Drives 4..1 (respectively) need recalibration if bit <3..0> = 1 0040:003F 1 Motor time-out 0040:0040 1 Time-out counter for drive motor turns off after 2 seconds of tick counts (37 ticks) 0040:0041 1 Diskette status 0040:0042 7 Drive controller status 0040:008B 1 Data rate status <7,6> = Last data rate 00 = 500 Kb/s 01 = 300 Kb/s <5,4> = Reserved <3,2> = Data rate with sent to Controller 10= 250 Kb/s 11= Reserved which the operation started <1> <0> 0040:008F 1 = Reserved = 1 = hard drive controller board installed 0 = Not installed Drive information: A B ----------Bits <3> <7> = Reserved <2> <6> = Multidata rate capability determined <1> <0> 0040:0090 1 <5> = Multidata format capability <4> = 80-track capability <7, 6> -- Data-transfer rate 00 = 500 Kb/s <5> -<4> -<3> -<2..0> -- 01 = 300 Kb/s 10 = 250 Kb/s 11 = Reserved Double step required Diskette drive/diskette established Reserved Diskette drive/diskette 000 = 48-TPI/360-KB (NOTE 1) 001 = 48-TPI/1.2-MB (NOTE 1) 010 = 96-TPI/1.2-MB (NOTE 1) 011 = 48-TPI/360-KB (NOTE 2) 100 = 48-TPI/1.2-MB (NOTE 2) 101 = 96-TPI/1.2-MB (NOTE 2) 110 = Reserved 111 = Reserved 0040:0091 1 Drive 2 (B) Media state byte 0040:0092 1 Drive 1 (A) operation start state (the operation start state is the starting media state when a diskette drive operation begins) 0040:0093 1 Drive 2 (B) operation start state 0040:0094 1 Drive 1 (A) current track bytes 0040:0095 1 Drive 2 (B) current track bytes -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES: 1. Media has not been established 2. Media has been established ========================================================================= == The diskette drive BIOS uses INT 0Eh (IRQ6) and DMA channel 2 of the system. There are six possible combinations of diskette drives and diskettes that can be used together. The BIOS must be able to determine the combination being used in order to supply the appropriate parameters. The parameters for each combination are stored in a table referred to as the Diskette Drive Parameter Table (DDPT) that is called with INT 1Eh. The DDPT for each combination is shown in Table 7-14. Table 7-14. Diskette Drive Parameter Table ========================================================================= == Description Diskette Drive/Diskette Combination * of DDPT Byte 1 2 3 4 5 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Step Rate (SRT)/ Head Unload Time (HUT) DFh DFh DFh DFh DFh AFh Head Load Time/DMA 02h 02h 02h 02h 02h 02h Motor OFF Time 25h 25h 25h 25h 25h 25h Sector length 02h 02h 02h 02h 02h 02h Sectors/track 09h 09h 0Fh 09h 09h 12h Gap length, Read/Write 2Ah 2Ah 1Bh 2Ah 2Ah 1Bh Data transfer length FFh FFh FFh FFh FFh FFh Gap length, format 50h 50h 54h 50h 50h 6Ch Fill character, format F6h F6h F6h F6h F6h F6h Head-settle time 0Fh 0Fh 0Fh 0Fh 0Fh 0Fh Motor-settle time 08h 08h 08h 08h 08h 08h Maximum track value 27h 27h 4Fh 4Fh 4Fh 4Fh Data transfer rate 80h 40h 00h 80h 80h 80h -------------------------------------------------------------------------* The six diskette drive/diskette combinations are: 1 = 360-Kbyte diskette in 360-Kbyte drive (5 1/4-inch) 2 = 360-Kbyte diskette in 1.2-megabyte drive (5 1/4-inch) 3 = 1.2-megabyte diskette in 1.2-megabyte drive (5 1/4-inch) 4 = 720-Kbyte diskette in 720-Kbyte drive (3 1/2-inch) 5 = 720-Kbyte diskette in 1.44-megabyte drive (3 1/2-inch) 6 = 1.44-megabyte diskette in 1.44-megabyte drive (3 1/2-inch) ========================================================================= == Common Operations Determining Media On entry to the diskette drive routines that access the diskette (read/write/verify), a check is made of the media state for the target diskette drive. If the media state is established, processing continues normally. If the media state is not established, a process internal to the BIOS determines the type of media installed. Table 7-15 lists a description of the diskette drive settings. Table 7-15. Diskette Drive Settings ============================================== Drive Setting Description ---------------------------------------------0 No drive present 1 5 1/4-in 360-KB 2 5 1/4-in 1.2-MB 3 3 1/2-in 720-KB 4 3 1/2-in 1.44-MB ============================================== Diskette Change DISKETTE CHANGE- is a status signal from the 720-Kbyte, 1.2-megabyte and 1.44-megabyte diskette drives that indicates when the drive latch has been opened. This signal is not used on 360-Kbyte diskette drives. Whenever an access of the diskette drive for read, write, verify, or format is requested by a BIOS interrupt, the BIOS checks the DISKETTE CHANGEsignal status. If the DISKETTE CHANGE- signal is active (door has been opened), the BIOS checks to see whether the door is still open. The media state for the drive (0040:0090 or 0040:0091) is set to unestablished, 48-TPI media in a 1.2-megabyte diskette drive (61h), whenever the drive door is opened. The system then determines the type of media installed with the next diskette access. Formatting a Diskette To format a high-density (1.2- or 1.44-megabyte) diskette properly, a set media type for format (INT 13h, AH = 18h) should be made first. This function sets the media state for the diskette drive to "established." If this function call is not made, the format of the diskette is based upon the current media state (established or not) of the diskette drive. To format a 3 1/2-inch diskette for 1.44 megabytes of capacity in a 1.44-megabyte diskette drive requires a high-density 3 1/2-inch diskette. To format for 720 Kbytes of capacity requires a low-density 3 1/2-inch diskette. High-density 3 1/2-inch diskettes cannot be formatted for 720 Kbytes of capacity in a 1.44-megabyte diskette drive. 7.9 HARD DRIVE INTERRUPTS The hard drive BIOS supports two hard drives, Drive 1 (80h) and Drive 2 (81h). Use INT 13h, AH = 08h to determine their individual capacities, or use the parameter tables pointed to by INT 41h and INT 46h. Do not use the hard drive types stored in the CMOS configuration memory to determine the capacities. The hard drive Wait and POST functions are supported via INT 15h. The hard drive Wait function call is AH = 90h with AL = 00h. The function call for Power-On Self-Test (POST) is AH = 91h with AL = 00h. Wait is performed to wait for a hard drive interrupt. If an error occurs on a hard drive operation, reset (INT 13h, AH = 00h or 0Dh) the hard drive system before retrying the operation. The hard drive controller will perform internal retries before returning an error. To format a hard drive with more than eight heads, recalibrate (INT 13h, AH = 11h) head 0, then format heads 0 through 7. Next, recalibrate head 8 and format heads 8 through 15. When using the Read or Write functions, the most significant bit (MSB) of the drive control byte (at offset +08h) of the hard drive parameter table (at INT 41h or INT 46h) can be set to "1" to disable the hard drive controller internal retry function. These interrupts use the standard ISA interface. For greater performance use the 32-bit bus master interface, if available. Table 7-16 lists the BIOS hard drive interrupts. Table 7-16. Hard Drive Interrupts ========================================================================= == Interrupt Type Location Bytes Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------INT 13h SW 0000:004C 4 Hard drive I/O function determined by AH: 00h = Reset hard drive subsystem 01h = Read status of last operation 02h = Read sectors 03h = Write sectors 04h = Verify sectors 05h = Format track 08h = Get drive parameters 09h = Initialize hard drive parameters 0Ah = Read long 0Bh = Write long 0Ch = Seek cylinder 0Dh = Alternate disk reset 10h = Test Drive Ready11h = Recalibrate drive 14h = Controller diagnostic 15h = Get drive type INT 41h PTR 0000:0104 4 Hard drive 1 Parameter Table INT 46h PTR 0000:0118 4 Hard drive 2 Parameter Table INT 76h HW 0000:01D8 4 IRQ14, hard drive interrupt ========================================================================= == Table 7-17 shows the memory locations used by hard drive functions. Table 7-17. Other Memory Locations Affected By Hard Drive Functions ========================================================================= == Address Bytes Contents -------------------------------------------------------------------------0040:0074 4 Hard drive status 0040:0075 1 Number of hard drives 0040:0076 1 Hard drive control byte 0040:0077 1 <0> = = <1> = = 0040:008C 1 Additional hard drive status 0040:008D 1 Hard drive error status 0, 1, 0, 1, no translation for drive 1 translate drive 1 no translation for drive 2 translate drive 2 0040:008E 1 Hard drive interrupt flag ========================================================================= == 7.10 KEYBOARD INTERRUPTS The BIOS generally controls all interactions with the keyboard. However, the interrupts and memory locations used for the keyboard make it very easy to change the keyboard functions. Table 7-18 lists the BIOS keyboard interrupts and memory locations used. Table 7-18. BIOS Keyboard Interrupts ========================================================================= == Interrupt Type Location Bytes Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------INT 09h HW 0000:0024 4 IRQ1, Keyboard Interrupt INT 16h SW 0000:0058 4 Keyboard I/O determined by AH: 00h = Get key 01h = Check for key status 02h = Read shift status 03h = Set repeat key rate and delay 05h = Place scan code/character in type-ahead buffer 10h = Get enhanced key from type-ahead buffer 11h = Check for enhanced key in buffer 12h = Get enhanced key status F2h = Determine attached keyboard INT 1Bh SW 0000:0066 4 CTRL-BREAK service INT 74h HW 0000:01D0 4 IRQ12, Auxiliary input ========================================================================= == Table 7-19 shows other memory locations used by the keyboard functions. Table 7-19. Other Memory Locations Affected By Keyboard Functions ========================================================================= == Address Bytes Contents -------------------------------------------------------------------------0040:0015 1 Previous scan code 0040:0016 1 Key click loudness 0040:0017 2 Keyboard bit status 0040:0019 1 Accumulator for ALT key input 0040:001A 2 Keyboard buffer pointer head 0040:001C 2 Keyboard buffer pointer tail 0040:001E 32 Keyboard type-ahead buffer (16 entries) 0040:0071 1 Break Bit (bit <7>) 0040:0080 2 Keyboard buffer begin 0040:0082 2 Keyboard buffer end 0040:0096 1 Enhanced shift status 0040:0097 1 Keyboard LED flags ========================================================================= == SYS REQ Key The SYS REQ key is a special key. It is not encoded, nor is anything placed in the keyboard queue when it is pressed. Pressing the SYS REQ key invokes INT 15h with AH = 85h, AL = 00h (SYS REQ Make code). Releasing the SYS REQ key invokes INT 15h with AH = 85h, AL = 01h (SYS REQ Break code). The SYS REQ key does not interact with any other key and is not repeating. An application must trap INT 15h in order to make use of the SYS REQ key. RAM location 0040:0018 stores the SYS REQ key status. If bit <2> in the status byte at 0040:0018 is set, the SYS REQ key is currently held down. The bit is cleared when the SYS REQ key is released. Keyboard Indicators The BIOS normally controls the state of the keyboard LED indicators. It automatically changes the state of the LED indicators to reflect the current status of CAPS LOCK, NUM LOCK, and SCROLL LOCK keyboard functions. All communications to the keyboard occur through ports 60h and 64h of the 8042 keyboard controller. To change the keyboard LED state, use the IN and OUT instructions of the processor to: 1. Read port 64h to determine the input/output status of the 8042, making sure the input buffer is empty. 2. Write the disable keyboard (ADh) command to port 64h to disable the keyboard interface. Read the scan code from port 60h. 3. Wait until the 8042 input buffer is empty. Output EDh to the keyboard assembly using port 60h. Wait until an ACK (the first of two ACK bytes) is received from port 60h. 4. Write the LED data byte when the 8042 input buffer is empty. Wait until the second ACK byte is received. 5. When the 8042 buffer is empty, write the enable keyboard (AEh) command to the 8042 to reenable the keyboard interface. Enhanced Keyboard A RAM variable at 0040:0096 is used in conjunction with the Enhanced Keyboard for state information. The format of RAM location 0040:0096 (byte) is defined below: BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Read ID command in progress 6 Last character received was ID byte 5 If Enhanced Keyboard installed, force NUM LOCK 4 Enhanced Keyboard installed 3 Right ALT key down 2 Right CTRL key down 1 Last code was E0h 0 Last code was E1h A RAM variable at 0040:0097 reflects the state of the keyboard LED indicators. The LED indicators are controlled by the keyboard BIOS through the use of commands issued to the 8042 Keyboard Controller. The information in 0040:0097 is compared with the mode bits in 0040:0017 to determine whether the LED indicators are up-to-date. The format of RAM location 0040:0097 (byte) is defined below: BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6 1 = 8042 command in progress 5 Reserved 4 1 = ACK reply received 3 Reserved 2 1 = CAPS LOCK LED ON 1 1 = NUM LOCK LED ON 0 1 = SCROLL LOCK LED ON The status of the LED indicators are checked: o Each time a keyboard hardware interrupt occurs. o When the Get Key (INT 16h, AH = 00h or AH = 10h) function is invoked. o When the Check For Key Available (INT 16h, AH = 01h or AH = 11h) function is invoked. The ability to adjust the volume of the key click is a BIOS feature unique to COMPAQ personal computers. Two RAM locations are associated with the key click as shown in Table 7-20. Table 7-20. Memory Locations Used For Key Click Function ========================================================================= == Address Bytes Contents -------------------------------------------------------------------------0040:0015 1 Previous scan code 0040:0016 1 Key click loudness (0..127) ========================================================================= == Miscellaneous BIOS Keyboard Information Immediately after placing a key in the keyboard queue, INT 15h is called with AH = 91h, AL = 02h. (See "Device Wait" and "Device Post" under INT 15h functions.) Keys and key combinations that do not cause something to be placed in the keyboard queue (such as simply pressing and releasing the Caps Lock key) do not cause a Device Post. Pause (Ctrl + Num Lock) does not perform either a Device Wait or a Device Post. Decimal keyboard codes can be entered by holding down the Alt key, entering the number on the numeric keypad, then releasing the Alt key. This feature works regardless of the state of the Num Lock key. For example, to enter the PI character, hold down the Alt key, type 227 on the numeric keypad, then release the Alt key. The Get Key function (INT 16h, AH = 00h or AH = 10h) executes a Device Wait (INT 15h, AH = 90h, AL = 02h), if a key code is not currently available in the keyboard queue. The following key combinations do not place scan codes in the keyboard type-ahead buffer: o Increase key click loudness (Ctrl + Alt + Numeric Keypad "+") o Decrease key click loudness (Ctrl + Alt + Numeric Keypad "-") To indicate receive time-out errors, parity errors, and overrun errors, the 8042 places a scan code of FFh in its output buffer. The system beeps once when it receives the FFh from the keyboard. To indicate transmit time-out errors, the 8042 places a scan code of FEh in its output buffer. Interrupts remain enabled and execution is suspended if Ctrl + Num Lock is input. INT 16h, AH =F2h -- SW -- Determine Attached Keyboard INT 16h, AH = F2h determines whether a 9- or an 11-bit keyboard is in use: INPUT: AH = F2h OUTPUT: AL = 00h COMPAQ BIOS only supports an 11-bit keyboard. Therefore, AL will always be 00h. INT 1Bh -- SW -- CTRL - BREAK Service INT 1Bh is called from the ROM when the Ctrl + Break keys are pressed. INT 1Bh is provided to allow operating systems and user programs a way to exit a program. ROM ENTRY: Points to a dummy interrupt return ROM ACTION: Control returns to the calling program USE: The vector for this interrupt is normally used by the operating system. It can be changed to point to a user-supplied routine. 7.11 SERIAL PORT INTERRUPTS The interrupts for the serial port interface provide simplified asynchronous communications for peripherals. Functions are provided for initializing a serial port, transmitting characters, receiving characters, and reading status. Asynchronous communications are not hardware interrupt driven. There are two device oriented interrupts, IRQ4 (INT 0Ch) for the primary port, and IRQ3 (INT 0Bh) for the secondary port. During power-on, the BIOS searches for asynchronous communication ports at two standard port locations, 3F8h and 2F8h. When a serial port is found, its base address is placed in the BIOS memory, beginning at 0040:0000. Therefore, when programming a serial port, use the address extracted from the table in BIOS memory rather than a hard coded address. The BIOS provides a serial port time-out function, whose length is programmable by the user. A 4-byte table in BIOS memory beginning at 0040:007C is reserved for setting the time-out values for each serial port. These time-out values are initialized to 1 during power-on and can be set to a maximum of 255. Each increment represents approximately 900 ms. Table 7-21 lists the serial port interrupts. Table 7-21. Serial Port Interrupts ========================================================================= == Interrupt Type Location Bytes Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------INT 0Bh HW 0000:002C 4 IRQ3, Comm, Secondary INT 0Ch HW 0000:0030 4 IRQ4, Comm, Primary INT 14h SW 0000:0050 4 Serial port I/O function determined by AH: 00h = Initialize port 01h = Transmit character 02h = Receive character 03h = Sense communications status 04h = Extended initialize 05h = Extended port control ========================================================================= == Table 7-22 lists additional memory locations affected by serial port interrupts. Table 7-22. Other Memory Locations Used By Serial Port Functions ========================================================================= == Address Bytes Contents -------------------------------------------------------------------------0040:0000 2 Base Address of Comm Port 0 0040:0002 2 Base Address of Comm Port 1 0040:0004 2 Base Address of Comm Port 2 0040:0006 2 Base Address of Comm Port 3 0040:007C 1 Time-out for Comm Port 0 0040:007D 1 Time-out for Comm Port 1 0040:007E 1 Time-out for Comm Port 2 0040:007F 1 Time-out for Comm Port 3 ========================================================================= == 7.12 PARALLEL PORT INTERRUPTS The BIOS provides a simplified interface to the parallel printer port. BIOS functions include initializing a printer, printing characters, and checking the printer status. Although printer operation is not interrupt driven, a Device Wait interrupt (INT 15h, AH = 90h, AL = FEh) is supported internally. It is executed if the printer is not ready when the Print Character function is called. Printer interrupt IRQ7 (INT 0Fh) is available for systems software. During power-on, the BIOS searches for parallel printer interfaces at three standard port locations: 3BCh, 378h, and 278h. When an interface is found, the BIOS places the printer port base address in BIOS memory, beginning at 0040:0008. Therefore, when programming a printer port, use the address extracted from the table in BIOS memory, rather than a hard-coded address. In addition to application software being able to directly call the Print Screen function (INT 05h), it is invoked by the keyboard BIOS when the Print Scrn key is pressed. INT 05h repeatedly invokes INT 17h for each character. Characters in every position on the screen are sent to the printer without suppressing trailing blanks. A flag in BIOS ROM at location 0040:0100 contains the print screen status. BIOS provides a time-out function whose length is programmable by the user. A 4-byte table in BIOS memory beginning at 0040:0078 is reserved for setting the time-out values for each parallel printer port. At power-on these time-out values are initialized to 20 and may be set from 1 to 255. Each increment is approximately one second. Table 7-23 lists the BIOS printer interrupts. For a detailed explanation of each interrupt, refer to the Intel Programmer's Reference Manuals. Table 7-23. Parallel Port Interrupts ========================================================================= == Interrupt Type Location Bytes Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------INT 05h SW 0000:0014 4 Print Screen CPU, Bound Exceeded INT 0Fh HW 0000:003C 4 INT 17h SW 0000:005C 4 IRQ7, Printer Interrupt Printer I/O function determined by AH: 00h = Print character 01h = Initialize printer 02h = Get printer status ========================================================================= == Table 7-24 lists additional memory locations used by parallel port functions. Table 7-24. Other Memory Locations Used By Parallel Port Functions ========================================================================= == Address Bytes Contents -------------------------------------------------------------------------0040:0008 2 Base Address of Printer Port 0 0040:000A 2 Base Address of Printer Port 1 0040:000C 2 Base Address of Printer Port 2 0040:0078 1 Time-out for Printer Port 0 0040:0079 1 Time-out for Printer Port 1 0040:007A 1 Time-out for Printer Port 2 0040:0100 1 Print Screen Status ========================================================================= == 7.13 VIDEO INTERRUPTS The BIOS video interrupts provide access to the video display controller using software interrupt INT 10h. Many functions are provided, including: o Initializing the display in one of several formats o Reading from or writing to the screen memory o Scrolling a window on the display Two other interrupts, INT 1Dh and INT 1Fh contain pointers to tables. These interrupts are provided for altering the CRT controller parameters and providing an extension to the graphics mode dot table. The BIOS can support either a color graphics display (using memory addresses beginning at 0B8000h) or a monochrome text controller (using memory addresses beginning at 0B0000h). Video graphics displays that use memory beginning at A0000h are supported as well. Remember that only one graphics controller can be supported at a time. If the integrated VGA controller is disabled, the ROM-based video BIOS functions are disabled as well. This is done to avoid conflict between the system ROM and a video controller board containing its own BIOS ROM. During power-on, the BIOS checks the configuration memory, and sets bits <5, 4> byte (0040:0010), to determine the type of display used initially. The initial display mode can be either: o Color display in 40 x 25 or 80 x 25 character text mode (video BIOS mode 3) o monochrome display in 80 x 25 character text mode (video BIOS mode 7). Use the Set Video mode command (INT 10h, AH = 00h) to initialize the video display controller. Refer to the video chapter of this guide for a listing of the video BIOS modes available. Whether to use BIOS or to directly access the screen memory depends on how much software portability or application performance is needed. Table 7-25 lists the video interrupts. Table 7-25. INT 10h Video BIOS Calls ========================================================================= == INT 10h Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------AH=00h Set Video mode AH=01h Set Cursor Type AH=02h Set Cursor Position AH=03h Read Cursor Position AH=04h Read Lightpen Position AH=05h Select Active Display Page AH=06h Scroll Active Page Up AH=07h Scroll Active Page Down AH=08h Read Attribute/Character at Current Cursor Position AH=09h Write Attribute/Character at Current Cursor Position AH=0Ah Write Character Only at Current Cursor Position AH=0Bh Set Color Palette AH=0Ch Write Pixel AH=0Dh Read Pixel AH=0Eh Write TTY Character AH=0Fh Read Current Video State -------------------------------------------------------------------------INT 10h Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------AH=10h Set Palette registers AL=00h Set Individual Attribute Controller register AL=01h Set Overscan Color AL=02h Set All Attribute Controller registers AL=03h Program Blink/Intensity AL=07h Read Individual Attribute Controller register AL=08h Read Overscan AL=09h Read All Attribute Controller registers and Overscan AL=10h Set Individual RAM DAC Color register AL=12h Set Block of RAM DAC Color registers AL=13h BL=00h Select Color Paging mode BL=01h Select Color Page AL=15h Read Individual RAM DAC Color register AL=17h Read Block of RAM DAC Color registers AL=1Ah Read Current Color Page AL=1Bh Sum RAM DAC Color Values to Gray Shades AH=11h AL=00h AL=01h AL=02h AL=03h AL=04h AL=10h AL=11h AL=12h AL=14h AL=20h AL=21h Load Character Generator Load User Defined Character Set Load ROM 8 x 14 / 9 x 14 Character Set Load ROM 8 x 8 Double-Dot Character Set Set Block Specifier Load ROM 8 x 16 / 9 x 16 Character Set Load User Defined Text Character Set Load ROM 8 x 14 / 9 x 14 Character Set Load ROM 8 x 8 Double-Dot Character Set Load ROM 8 x 16 Character Set Load User 8 x 8 Character Set Load User Character Set AL=22h AL=23h AL=24h AL=30h Load ROM 8 x 14-Dot Character Set Load ROM 8 x 8 Double-Dot Character Set Load ROM 8 x 16 Character Set Return Font Information AH=12h AL=00h BL=10h BL=20h BL=30h BL=31h BL=32h BL=33h BL=34h BL=36h Alternate Select AH=13h Write String AH=1Ah Read/Write Video Type Code AH=1Bh Get Functionality/Current Video Environment AH=1Ch Save/Restore Video Environment Return EGA Information Select Alternate Print Screen Routine Select Scan lines for Text mode Enable/Disable Default Palette Loading Enable/Disable Video Enable/Disable Summing to Gray Shades Enable/Disable Cursor Emulation Screen ON/OFF AH=BFh Video BIOS Extensions * AL=03h Get Video Environment AL=05h Enable/Disable Display AL=0Ch Set DAC to 6-bit mode AL=0Dh Set DAC to 8-bit mode AL=0Eh Get DAC to 6-/8-bit mode AL=0Fh Set high address map register value AL=10h Get high address map register value -------------------------------------------------------------------------* The video BIOS extensions are unique to COMPAQ BIOS and are discussed in more detail later in this section. ========================================================================= == Interrupts remain enabled and execution may be suspended if the Ctrl + Num Lock keys are pressed. Functions and their related parameters are individually described below. When the system encounters the SW video interrupt, it jumps to the address pointed to by the vector for that interrupt. Table 7-26 lists the memory locations where these vectors reside. Table 7-26. Memory Locations Used by Video Interrupts ========================================================================= == Address Bytes Contents -------------------------------------------------------------------------0000:0040 4 INT 10h vector 0000:0074 4 INT 1Dh vector 0000:007C 4 INT 1Fh vector 0000:0108 4 INT 42h vector 0000:010C 4 INT 43h vector 0040:0049 1 Current video mode 0040:004A 2 Number of columns on screen 0040:004C 2 Length of screen memory (in bytes) 0040:004E 2 Start of screen memory 0040:0050 16 Cursor save area for each page (8 entries) 0040:0060 2 Cursor mode (start and end scanline) 0040:0062 1 Current page being displayed 0040:0063 2 Base address of active video interface board 0040:0065 1 Current mode 0040:0066 1 Current color 0040:0084 1 Number of screen rows - 1 0040:0085 2 Character height ========================================================================= == INT 1Dh and INT 1Fh contain pointers to tables. They are provided for altering the CRT controller parameters and providing an extension to a user-supplied graphics mode dot table. INT 1Fh -- PTR -- Dot Table INT 1Fh points to a user-supplied dot table used to generate and read 8 x 8-dot graphics characters in modes 4, 5, and 6. This table is needed only for those characters within the range of 80h..FFh. ROM ACTION: INT 1Fh is used exclusively by the INT 05h Print Screen and INT 10h Video I/O routines, and then only in the graphics modes for the upper-128 character set. INPUT: None OUTPUT: None USE: The user must set INT 1Fh to point to a supplied table as shown. ILLUSTRATION OF 8 x 8 Dot Table for the Upper 128 Character Set INT 42h -- SW -- Compatible Video I/O This interrupt gives direct access to previously available INT 10h functions. It saves the contents of the existing INT 10h vector during system power-on initialization and vectors function calls outside of the range 00h..13h and BFh to the system BIOS ROM. The alternate video adapter (if installed) is initialized into a video mode using this vector. INT 43h -- PTR -- Graphics Dot Table Vector INT 43h points to the dot table used to generate and read dot graphics characters. In 8 x 14- and 8 x 16-dot modes, it points to the table for all characters. In the 8 x 8-dot modes, it points to the table for the first-128 characters (00h..7Fh). Alphanumeric characters are usually left-justified in the cell. Visible dots are usually composed of two adjacent pixels ON. The top two (0, 1) and bottom three (11, 12, 13) scanlines are usually blank, except for ascenders, descenders, and special graphics characters. Video BIOS Extensions INT 10h, AH = BFh adds extensions to the video BIOS needed for sensing or altering the hardware environment. These interrupts are unique to COMPAQ personal computers. INPUT: AH = BFh AL = 00h 01h 03h 05h 0Ch 0Dh 0Eh 0Fh 10h 11h 12h = = = = = = = = = = = Turn External Display on Turn Internal Display on Get Video Environment Enable/Disable Video Display Set DAC to 6-bit mode Set DAC to 8-bit mode Get DAC 6-/8-bit mode Set High Address Map Register Value Get High Address Map Register Value Get Extended Environment Set Active Display INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 00h -- Turn External Display On INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 00h is used in portable systems to turn on an external display. This function is unique to the COMPAQ BIOS. INPUT: AH = BFh AL = 00h, Turn External Display On OUTPUT: None INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 01h -- Turn Internal Display On INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 00h is used in portable systems to turn on the internal display. This function is unique to the COMPAQ BIOS. INPUT: AH = BFh AL = 01h, Turn Internal Display On OUTPUT: None INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 03h -- Get Video Environment INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 03h returns the control mode, the active monitor selection, and the internal and external display types of the currently active video controller. This function is unique to the COMPAQ BIOS. INPUT: AH = BFh AL = 03h = Get Video Environment BX = 0000h (see NOTE) NOTE: BX should be set to 0000h for full compatibility with previous video BIOS. OUTPUT: BH = Active Monitor 00h = External active 01h = Internal active 03h = Internal and external active 04h = Neither internal or external active BL = Control mode 05h = EGA 06h = VGA 08h = LCD VGA 09h = Plasma VGA 0Ah = TFT VGA CH = Reserved CL = (see bit map below) BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 8-bit DAC mode available 6 640 x 480 with 256-color mode available 5 132-column support available 4 Bit BLT engine available 3..0 Reserved DH = Internal monitor type 00h = None 04h = Plasma CGA 07h = 8-level monochrome LCD VGA 08h = 16-level monochrome plasma VGA 09h = 4-level monochrome LCD CGA 0Ah = 16-level monochrome LCD VGA 0Bh = Color TFT panel DL = External monitor type 00h = None 01h = Dual-mode monochrome 02h = RGBI 16-color 03h = Enhanced 64-color 04h = Plasma 05h = VGC monochrome 06h = VGC color display in character format INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 05h -- Enable/Disable Display INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 05h turns the video display ON or OFF. This function is unique to the COMPAQ BIOS. INPUT: AH = BFh AL = 05h BL = ON/OFF 00h = Video OFF 01h = Video ON INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 0Ch -- Set DAC to 6-Bit Mode INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 0Ch provides the ability to switch the Video DAC to 6-bit mode. This function is unique to the COMPAQ BIOS. INPUT: AH = BFh AL = 0Ch Set DAC to 6-bit mode INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 0Dh -- Set DAC to 8-Bit Mode INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 0Dh provides the ability to switch the Video DAC to 8-bit mode. This function is unique to the COMPAQ BIOS. INPUT: AH = BFh AL = 0Dh Set DAC to 8-bit mode INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 0Eh -- Get DAC 6-/8-Bit Mode INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 0Eh returns the current mode of the Video DAC. This function is unique to the COMPAQ BIOS. INPUT: AH = BFh AL = 0Dh Get DAC 6-/8-bit mode OUTPUT: AL = 6-/8-bit mode 00h DAC currently in 6-bit mode 01h DAC currently in 8-bit mode INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 0Fh -- Set High Address Map Register Value INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 0Fh provides the ability to enable and locate the high address map buffer. This function is unique to the COMPAQ BIOS. INPUT: AH = BFh AL = 0Fh Set High Address Map Register Value BX = 0000h Disable high address map 000nh Set high address map location to megabyte n. FFFFh ROM configures high address map. OUTPUT: AL = High address map (see bit map below) AL BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3..0 Current value of high address map. If <3..0> = 0 on return, high address map is disabled. INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 10h -- Get High Address Map Register Value INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 10h provides the ability to determine the current location of the high address map buffer. This function is unique to the COMPAQ BIOS. INPUT: AH = BFh AL = 10h Get High Address Map Register OUTPUT: BX = The current value of the high address map register INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 11h -- Get Extended Environment INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 11h describes feature supported by video controller. This function is unique to the COMPAQ BIOS. INPUT: AH = BFh AL = 11h Get Extended Environment OUTPUT: AL = BFh call is supported ES:DI = A pointer to COMPAQ string in the VGA ROM. ES:SI = A pointer to a dword table in the ROM to indicate advanced functionality of the COMPAQ VGC. BL BIT FUNCTION ---------------- 31..1 Reserved 0 Concurrent display supported INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 12h -- New Active Monitor Control INT 10h, AH = BFh, AL = 11h is used in portable systems for turning on the internal display, external display, or both. This call is also used to toggle the external or internal display on or off. This function is unique to the COMPAQ BIOS. INPUT: AH AL BH BL If = BFh = 11h Set Active Monitor = Reserved = See bit map below. Bit <7> is the command mode bit. bit <7> = 0, a 1 in bits <1,0> makes the corresponding display active. If bit <7> = 1, a 1 in bits <1,0> toggles the active state of the corresponding display. Refer to bit map on below. BL BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 On/Off or toggle 1 = Toggles active state of corresponding display 0 = Makes corresponding display active 6..2 Reserved 1 Internal Monitor Control 0 External Monitor Control 7.14 MISCELLANEOUS INTERRUPTS This section contains information on the unused hardware interrupts and miscellaneous information locations in the BIOS ROM. Seven unused interrupts, listed in Table 7-27, are available for use by optional interface boards and user-written applications or system software. Table 7-27. Miscellaneous Interrupts ========================================= Interrupt Type Function ----------------------------------------INT 0Ah HW Simulated IRQ2 INT 0Dh HW IRQ5 INT 71h HW IRQ9 INT 72h HW IRQ10 INT 73h HW IRQ11 INT 74h HW IRQ12 INT 77h HW IRQ15 ========================================= When the system encounters one of these interrupts, it jumps to the address pointed to by the vector for that interrupt. Table 7-28 lists the memory locations where these vectors reside. Table 7-28. Memory Locations Used by Miscellaneous Interrupts ========================================================================= == Address Bytes Contents -------------------------------------------------------------------------0000:0028 4 INT 0Ah Vector 0000:0034 4 INT 0Dh Vector 0000:01C4 4 INT 71h Vector 0000:01C8 4 INT 72h Vector 0000:01CC 4 INT 73h Vector 0000:01D0 4 INT 74h Vector 0000:01DC 4 INT 77h Vector ========================================================================= == INT 71h -- HW -- IRQ9 INT 71h receives the interrupts from IRQ9. On 8088/8086-based products, bus pin B04 of the expansion bus is connected to IRQ2, which is vectored through INT 0Ah. On COMPAQ 286-, 386-, and 486-based products, bus pin B04 is connected to IRQ9, which is vectored through INT 71h. For system compatibility with 8088/8086-based products, interrupts vectored through INT 71h are redirected by the BIOS to INT 0Ah. ROM ENTRY: Points to IRQ9 handler ROM ACTION: The IRQ9 handler points to the IRQ2 vector, which points to an interrupt return. USE: It is the responsibility of the operating system or the application program to set up this vector for useful action. INT 72h -- HW -- IRQ10 INT 72h receives the interrupts from IRQ10. INT 72h is not processed by the BIOS other than to return control to the calling program. ROM ENTRY: Points to an interrupt return ROM ACTION: None USE: It is the responsibility of the operating system or the application program to set up this vector for useful action. INT 73h -- HW -- IRQ11 INT 73h receives the interrupts from IRQ11. INT 73h is not processed by the BIOS, other than to return control to the calling program. ROM ENTRY: Points to an interrupt return ROM ACTION: None USE: It is the responsibility of the operating system or the application program to set up this vector for useful action. INT 74h -- HW -- IRQ12, Pointing Device Interrupt INT 74h occurs each time a byte is received from the pointing device. INT 74h normally handles the pointing device interrupts from IRQ12. ROM ENTRY: Points to ROM input device interrupt handler ROM ACTION: The interrupt routine reads the pointing device from the 8042 registers, takes special action if required, notifies the 8042 that the port has been read, clears the 8259A interrupt controller, and loads the device data into the extended BIOS data area until the specific packet size is built. The packet size is determined by INT 15h, AH = C2h. Once the packet size is reached, INT 74h calls the device driver. INPUT: Pointing device OUTPUT: The packet is passed to a software-resident device driver via the SP stack. USE: The vector for this interrupt can be changed to select a usersupplied input device handler. INT 77h -- HW -- IRQ15 INT 77h receives the interrupts from IRQ15. INT 77h is not processed by the BIOS other than to return control to the calling program. ROM ENTRY: Points to an interrupt return ROM ACTION: None USE: It is the responsibility of the operating system or the application program to set up this vector for useful action. 7.15 SPECIAL ROM LOCATIONS The ROM memory locations described in the following sections are supplied in COMPAQ products. Table 7-29 lists the special BIOS ROM locations. Table 7-29. Special BIOS ROM Locations ================================================= Address Bytes Function ------------------------------------------------F000:FFE4 1 Product family code F000:FFE8 2 BIOS type code F000:FFEA 6 Machine ID F000:FFFE 1 Machine type code ================================================= Product Family Code The BIOS ROM contains a 1-byte product family code at address F000:FFE4. The contents of this memory location is listed in Table 7-30. BIOS Type Code The BIOS type is identified by a 2-byte ASCII code at address F000:FFE8. The contents of this memory location are listed in Table 7-30. Machine ID COMPAQ personal computers can be identified by a 6-byte string at address F000:FFEA that contains "COMPAQ" in uppercase ASCII code. Machine Type Code The machine type is identified by a 1-byte code at address F000:FFFE. The machine type code is provided for compatibility with 286-based software. The contents of this memory location is listed in Table 7-30. Table 7-30. Special BIOS ROM Codes ========================================================================= == COMPAQ Product Family Code BIOS Type Code Machine Type Code -------------------------------------------------------------------------LTE N N/A FE LTE 286 N 01 FC SLT 286 B 01 FC DESKPRO 286 G 01 FC DESKPRO 286e F 01 FC DESKPRO 286N D 01 FC LTE 386s/20 B1 03 FC SLT 386s/20 B 03 FC DESKPRO 386N D 03 FC DESKPRO 386s/20N D 03 FC DESKPRO 386s F 03 FC DESKPRO 386s * R 03 FC DESKPRO 386s/20 R 03 FC PORTABLE 386 P 03 FC DESKPRO 386 G 03 FC DESKPRO 386/20 G 03 FC DESKPRO 386/20e H 03 FC DESKPRO 386/20e * H1 03 FC DESKPRO 386/25 G 03 FC -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Models which support 256 colors -------------------------------------------------------------------------COMPAQ Product Family Code BIOS Type Code Machine Type Code -------------------------------------------------------------------------DESKPRO 386/25e H 03 FC DESKPRO 386/25e * H1 03 FC DESKPRO 386/33 L 03 FC DESKPRO 386/33L E1 03 FC DESKPRO 486/25 E 03 FC DESKPRO 486/33L E1 03 FC PORTABLE 486/33c E3 03 FC DESKPRO 486/50L E1 03 FC DESKPRO/M Family E2 03 FC SYSTEMPRO E 03 FC SYSTEMPRO/LT Family E2 03 FC -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Models which support 256 colors ========================================================================= == 7.16 PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES FOR PROTECTED MODE OPERATING SYSTEMS Compaq provides advanced hardware features that provide improved performance and compatibility when using operating systems as published by Compaq. A Protected mode operating system (such as MS OS/2 or UNIX) may need additional codes to exploit fully these features that are specific to COMPAQ products. Compaq has developed several code routines to help software developers take full advantage of those COMPAQ personal computer features available when using the 386 microprocessor in the 386 Protected mode. The following contains examples of routines that: o o o o o o Determine CPU type (8086, 8088, 286 or 386). Determine whether or not the machine is a COMPAQ product. Put the CPU in HIGHest speed mode. Unprotect the highest 128 Kbytes of RAM. Relocate VGA font vectors for COMPAQ VGA. Size and allocate system RAM in a UNIX environment. NOTE: In order to ensure compatibility with future 386-based COMPAQ products, access (reading or writing) to these registers must be done via the ROM-BIOS software interrupt Block Move (INT 15h, AH = 87h). The Block Move function in the BIOS recognizes access to the special 80C00000h location and takes the appropriate action to access the system registers to perform the equivalent function in future COMPAQ products. ;************************************************************************ * ; The following routines are written in 386 assembly language. The code is ; assembled and linked using 386 Protected mode addressing. However, the ; code modules themselves are executed while the 386 CPU is in the 8086 ; Real mode. ; ; These subroutines are provided to help programmers detect a COMPAQ ; personal computer. Under no circumstances should these routines be used ; to exclude the use of applications software on computer products ; manufactured by others. ; ;************************************************************************ * LISTING ; ; ; PUBLIC _cpuvendor _cpuvendor DW 0 ; Global reference for vendor, 1 == COMPAQ PUBLIC _cputype _cputype DW 0 ; Global reference for CPU, 86H, 286H, 386H ; COMPAQ EQU 1 ; OTHER EQU 0 ;************************************************************************ * ; MAIN ROUTINE ; ; Real mode initialization for operating system start-up. Must be called ; after boot but before transition to Protected mode. This routine ; performs specific initialization for COMPAQ personal computers only ; ; Other systems may also require specific initialization procedures. ; Determine CPU type and update _cputype flag. ; Determine whether or not vendor is Compaq and update _cpuvendor ; Use those flags to perform COMPAQ and/or 386-specific initialization ; If (cpuvendor == Compaq){ ; hi_speed( ); ; if(cpu_type == 0x386) { ; egavec( ) ; /* re-init VGA font vectors */ ; romoff( ) ; /* unprotect highest 128K 32-bit RAM */ ; } ; } ;************************************************************************ * ; ; PUBLIC oemreal oemreal proc near call cpu_type mov _cputype],ax call cpu_vendor mov [ _cpuvendor],ax cmp ax,COMPAQ jnz not386 ; ; ; ; ; ; Determine CPU, ax=type Update flag Determine machine vendor Update flag Q: Is machine a COMPAQ? N: Don't attempt high speed ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; high RAM Y: Set speed to highest possible Get flag Q: Is machine a 386? N: Don't attempt to enable high RAM Y: Fix ROM pointers for VGA Y: Unprotect highest memory not 386: Other OS-specific Real mode init code goes here Real mode init completed or call hi_speed mov cmp jnz ax,[ _cputype] ax,0386h not386 call call egavec romoff ret oemreal endp ;************************************************************************ * ; ROUTINE TO DETERMINE WHETHER OR NOT MACHINE IS A COMPAQ PRODUCT ; cpu_vendor ; Determines whether or not Compaq is CPU vendor by looking at ROM ; Must be executed in Real mode ; Pointer to COMPAQ string must be derived at runtime. Although the ; assembler uses Protected mode addressing, this code runs in Real mode. ; AX = CPU vendor value ; 0 = Indeterminate (not manufactured by Compaq) ; 1 = COMPAQ ;************************************************************************ * PUBLIC cpu_vendor cmpqstr DB `COMPAQ' pBegin cpu_vendor near push push push push push cld mov mov mov mov mov mov ds es si di cx ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Protect used registers Auto increment ax,0F000h Point to ROM string es,ax di,0FFEAh ax,cs Point to compare string ds,ax si, offset OEMSUP_TEXT:cmpqstr mov repe cx,6 cmpsb ; Length of COMPAQ string ; String compare mov manufactured ax, OTHER ; Return status if not jnz mov nomatch ax,COMPAQ ; by Compaq ; String did not match ; It is a COMPAQ nomatch: pop cx pop di pop si pop es pop ds ret pEnd cpu_vendor ; ; Restore used registers ; ; ; ; *** RETURN *** ;************************************************************************ * ; ROUTINE TO DISABLE ROM REPLACEMENT ; ; Disable ROM Replacement and make high memory 0FE0000h to FFFFFFh ; writable. Use the ROM BIOS Move Block INT 15h (see GDT format below) ; to write 0FFh to the memory-mapped control register at 80C00000h. ; This is the simplest way to get a 32-bit GDT in 286 Protected mode. ; (Protected mode 286 GDTs are only 24-bit.) ; ; The following routine enables and disables gate A20. Therefore, the ; operating system must enable gate A20 after completion of the routine. ; ; Must be called from Real mode ; ; Move Block Calling Arguments ; INPUT: None ; OUTPUT: AH = 0, If operation successful ; 1, If parity error occurred ; 2, If exception error occurred ; 3, If gate A20 failed ; move_block - Move (copy) a block of data to or from anywhere in physical ; or from extended memory (beyond 1 MB) because Real mode ; addressing can address only the first MB of RAM. ; ENTRY: CX = number of words to move (max 8000h) ; ES:SI = Pointer to descriptor table (refer to following diagram) ; EXIT: AH = 00, If OK ; 01, If parity error ; 02, If exception error ; 03, If gate address bit A<20> fails ; Flags are unaffected ; USED: AX ; NOTE: The Block Move is performed with interrupts disabled. ; ; ; GDT ; ES:SI --> +---------------------------------+ ; | Dummy descriptor | GDT (0) ; +---------------------------------+ ; | GDT descriptor | GDT (1) ; +---------------------------------+ ; | Source segment descriptor | GDT (2) ; +---------------------------------+ ; | Target segment descriptor | GDT (3) ; +---------------------------------+ ; | BIOS CS segment descriptor | GDT (4) ; +---------------------------------+ ; | BIOS SS segment descriptor | GDT (5) ; +---------------------------------+ ; Entries 0, 1, 4, and 5 should all be initialized by the caller to ; 8 bytes of 0 each. Entries 2 and 3 must be valid descriptors ; containing the appropriate base addresses, limit values, and access ; rights. ; ;************************************************************************ * ; ; Definition of a descriptor desc struc limit dw 0 ; Offset of last byte in segment base_low dw 0 ; Low 16 bits of 24-bit address base_high db 0 ; High 8 bits of 24-bit address rights db 0 ; Access rights byte ext_lim db 0 ; 386 limit <19..16> ext_base db 0 ; 386 extended base desc ends ; ; Define fixed GDT selector values for Block Move routine ; ROMDUM_SEL equ 0 * size desc ; GDT(0) = Dummy selector ROMGDT_SEL equ 1 * size ROMSRC_SEL equ 2 * size selector ROMDST_SEL equ 3 * size ROMBIOS_CS_SEL equ 4 * size selector ROMBIOS_SS_SEL equ 5 * size selector ; ; Various access rights ; DS_ACCESS equ 92h CS_ACCESS equ 9Ah MAXSEG equ 0FFFFh rploff label WORD desc desc ; GDT(1) = GDT segment selector ; GDT(2) = Source segment desc desc ; GDT(3) = Target selector ; GDT(4) = BIOS CS segment desc ; GDT(5) = BIOS SS segment ; Expand up, level 0, writable ; ; 64K segment DW romoff 0FFFFh PUBLIC romoff ; Disable ROM replace command ; Disable ROM replacement proc near push bp push es push si push di push cx cld ; Protect used registers ; ; ; ; ; Auto increment ; ; Allocate a GDT on the stack; sub sp,size desc * 6 mov bp,sp mov ax,ss mov es,ax mov si,bp mov di,bp xor ax,ax mov cx,size desc * 6 rep stosb ; Fill in the source ; lea descriptor mov shl add mov 0FFh mov shr mov add shr mov mov mov ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; 6 entries in Block Move GDT Get base to it Get segment address of GDT ... into ES ES:SI = GDT ES:DI = GDT AX = 0 Number of bytes to clear Clear 6 GDT entries descriptor in the GDT di,[bp+ROMSRC_SEL] ; DI = address of SRC ax,cs ax,4 ax,offset rploff es:[di].base_low,ax ; Compute base low of IOCTRL ; ; Copy from address of local ax,offset rploff ; ax,4 ; cx,cs ; Get segment address ax,cx ; ax,12 ; es:[di].base_high,al ; Set base high in descriptor es:[di].limit,MAXSEG ; Set limit es:[di].rights,CS_ACCESS ; Set access rights ; Fill in the destination descriptor in the GDT ; lea di,[bp+ROMDST_SEL] ; DI = address of DST ; descriptor mov es:[di].base_low,0 ; mov es:[di].base_high,0C0h ; Copy to 80C00000h mov es:[di].ext_base,80h ; mov es:[di].limit,MAXSEG ; mov es:[di].rights,DS_ACCESS ; ; ; Set the I/O control byte by performing a Block Move of ' ; 1 word. endp mov mov int ah,87h cx,1 15h add pop pop pop pop pop ret romoff sp,size desc * 6 cx di si es bp ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Block Move opcode Move 1 word Write to the I/O control byte De-allocate GDT on stack Restore used registers *** RETURN *** ;************************************************************************ * ; ; ROUTINE TO RELOCATE VGA FONT VECTORS ; ; egavec ; ; This code relocates VGA vectors at 0440:00xxh for the COMPAQ VGA. ; Normally, the ROM BIOS copies the VGA ROM to 32-bit RAM at FE0000h, ; then (using special hardware) remaps this RAM to 0E0000h. Thus, we have ; fast 32-bit RAM in an unused ROM location to speed up VGA ROM calls. ; ; Because that high memory is allocated for use as operating system RAM, ; the VGA font vector must point back to the real VGA ROM at 0C0000h. ; ;************************************************************************ * ; PUBLIC egavec VGA_VIDEO_IO VGA_DOT_VEC VGA_FONT_VEC VGA_SEGMENT equ equ equ equ 10h 1Fh 43h 0C000h pBegin egavec near mov ax,0 mov es,ax mov si,(VGA_VIDEO_IO*4)+2 mov es:[si],VGA_SEGMENT mov si,(VGA_DOT_VEC*4)+2 mov es:[si],VGA_SEGMENT mov si,(VGA_FONT_VEC*4)+2 mov es:[si],VGA_SEGMENT ret pEnd egavec ; Page 0 in es ; ; ; ; ; ; ; INT 10h, segment Point it back to ROM INT 1Fh, segment Point it back to ROM INT 43h, segment Point it back to ROM *** RETURN *** ;************************************************************************ * ; PROTECTED MODE INITIALIZATION CODE SAMPLE ; ; The following memory-sizing code finds the highest RAM at 0XFA0000 to ; 0XFFFFFF on COMPAQ DESKPRO ; Personal Computers. This module is written in C and should be called ; during Protected mode initialization. ; ; The "ROMOFF" routine in Real mode initialization has removed write ; protection on the highest 128 Kbytes of 32-bit RAM (used as a ROM copy) ; before this code executes. ; ; Highest memory grows from the top (0XFFFFFF) downward; low memory ; grows from the bottom upward with a break occurring from 640 Kbytes to ; 1 megabyte. COMPAQ Personal Computers always have a minimum of 384 Kbytes ; of memory at 0XFA0000 to 0XFFFFFF. Other configuration ranges are: ; ; 16 MB 0XFFFFFF ; 128 KB (ROM/RAM) 0XFE0000 ; 256 KB 0XFA0000 ; 128 KB 0XF80000 ; 256 KB 0XF40000 ; 14 MB .... 0XE00000 ; 1 MB 13 MB RAM 0X100000 ; 640 KB ROM/VIDEO 0X0A0000 ; 640 KB 0X000000 ; ; NOTE: This code assumes that a bug in freerange ( ) causes it to look ; 512 bytes beyond the highest address given. The bug manifests ; itself only at the 16-Megabyte address boundary, hence the search ; recognizes 0XFFFDFF, rather than 0XFFFFFF, as the highest address. ; If freerange ( ) is altered, then the calling arguments presented ; here should also be altered. ; ; Debug printf's should be removed for production code. ; atoml macro divides by 512 ; ; freerange (start, length); Verifies existence of RAM and adds ; it to the system freelist ;************************************************************************ * extern int */ short freemem(fpage) short fpage; { cputype; /* Declared and initialized in Real mode register short npages, pages; extern char extmem; /* first 640K */ pages = freerange(fpage, *atoml(0x09FFFF)); npages = pages; printf("Kbytes at 000000 = %d \ n", pages / 2); /* Normal 286 extended RAM from 1 MB to 16 MB */ /* On a 286, search all the way to 16 MB. On a 386, */ /* search only to the beginning of COMPAQ high memory */ /* at 0xf40000 */ pages = freerange (*atoml(0x100000), *atoml ((cputype==0x386)? 0xF3FFFF : 0xFFFDFF)); npages += pages; printf("Kbytes at 0x100000 = %d \ n", pages / 2); /* Look for highest RAM. Because memory is */ /* contiguous from the first address to 0xFFFFFF, quit the search */ /* after the first block is found. This action minimizes available */ /* memory fragments. */ pages = 0; while (cputype == 0x386) { pages = freerange(*atoml(0xF40000), *atoml(0xFFFDFF)); if (pages) { printf("Kbytes at 0xF40000 = %d \ n", pages / 2); break; } pages = freerange(*atoml(0xF80000), *atoml(0xFFFDFF)); if (pages) { printf("Kbytes at 0xF80000 = %d \ n", pages / 2); break; } pages = freerange(*atoml(0xFA0000), *atoml(0xFFFDFF)); if (pages) { printf("Kbytes at 0xFA0000 = %d \ n", pages / 2); break; } pages = freerange(*atoml(0xFE0000), *atoml(0xFFFDFF)); if (pages) { printf("Kbytes at 0xFE0000 = %d \ n", pages / 2); } break; } npages += pages; printf("Total Kbytes = %d \ n", npages / 2); return (npages); } 8.1 INTRODUCTION The video subsystem on COMPAQ LTE Lite products consists of a VGA controller (VGC) and a liquid crystal display (LCD). The COMPAQ LTE Lite Family uses the following types of LCD screens: o Edgelit monochrome display o Backlit active matrix black and white VGA display using thin-film transistor (TFT) technology o Backlit active matrix color VGA display using thin-film transistor (TFT) technology This chapter provides information on the following topics. The bracketed numbers indicate the section in which each topic is discussed: o o o o o Liquid Crystal Display [8.2] Video Graphics Controller [8.3] Display Modes [8.4] Register Programming [8.5] Mode-Specific Register Values [8.6] The VGC drives the internal LCD and supports simultaneous operation of an optional external VGA monitor that can be connected to the back of the system unit. The LCD is toggled on and off by the Ctrl + Alt + > command. The external monitor is toggled on and off by the Ctrl + Alt + < command. The video subsystem for the COMPAQ LTE Lite/20, COMPAQ LTE Lite/25, and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25e supports MDA, CGA, EGA, and VGA modes in up to 64 shades of gray. Up to 256-color VGA and Accelerated VGA modes are also supported with an external VGA monitor attached. The video subsystem on the COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C supports MDA, CGA, EGA, VGA, and Advanced VGA modes with up to 256 colors. Accelerated VGA modes are also supported with an external VGA monitor attached. Figure 8-1 presents a block diagram of the COMPAQ LTE Lite video subsystem. The video graphics controller (VGC) components include the video ASIC, video memory, video DAC, and video BIOS. The video subsystem interfaces with the rest of the system over the system bus, which, for video operations, uses peripheral bus cycles at processor speed. Most of the functionality of the VGC is contained in the video ASIC, which operates according to instructions received from the video BIOS ROM. Although not considered a part of the video subsystem, the BIOS provides a power-on diagnostic test of the VGC as well as the firmware needed to initialize the VGC for the different video BIOS modes. Refer to Chapter 7, "BIOS," for information on the video BIOS calls. The COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 include 256 Kbytes of video memory and use a monochrome edgelit LCD that supports VGA text and graphics modes in up to 64 shades of gray (high or low resolution respectively). The COMPAQ LTE Lite/25e contains 512 Kbytes of video memory and an active matrix black and white LCD to provide high contrast gray scaling in up to 64 shades of gray. The COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C contain 512 Kbytes of video memory and an active matrix LCD to provide simultaneous 256-color support in 640 x 480 resolution. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-1. COMPAQ LTE Lite Video Subsystem Block Diagram 8.2 LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD) Liquid Crystal Technology Liquid crystal technology is based on the polarized molecular activity that occurs when an electric current passes through electrode strips or crystals. When a voltage is placed across a liquid crystal cell, the crystal twists and aligns the light with a top polarizer allowing light to pass through. The crystals are separated by spacer particles enclosed with them. The 640 x 480 display panel is functionally a single physical entity illuminated by fluorescent tubes. The panel is scanned in two halves of 640 x 240 pixels each (see Figure 8-2). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-2. Basic LCD Line/Column Scanning Configuration The dual scanning of the LCD occurs in parallel. Data is applied as two 4-bit packages and displayed two lines at a time (i.e., lines 1 and 241 are scanned simultaneously, followed by lines 2 and 242). Unlike a CRT, the number of lines and columns of the LCD cannot be varied. Selection of an operating mode utilizing less than the full 480 lines will result in unused lines. During normal operating mode, the panel divides any unused lines evenly between the top and bottom of the panel so that the active display is always centered vertically. The scanning rate is always constant because the display scan goes through all 480 lines on each frame regardless of the number of active lines. This means that graphics modes using 360 or 720-pixel wide resolution are not support by the LCD (but will be displayed on a connected external monitor). Since the horizontal dot count is fixed at 640, 9-dot text modes are displayed in 8-dot format. The display has an 8-bit wide character cell instead of the normal 9-bit cell for a VGA monitor. In text mode, the ROM alters certain characters to permit their display in this format without distortion. For more information, see "Text Attribute Implementation" in this chapter and in the BIOS chapter. The aspect ratio of the LCD display is fixed at 1:1. The resulting "square pixels" have an effect on images appearing on the screen. The 640 x 480 modes will appear normal. The 640 x 400 and 640 x 350 modes may appear to be flattened vertically which can cause a change in the appearance of the shapes on the screen. The modes will have their images centered on the screen. The 360- and 720-pixel wide graphics modes and 132-column text modes are not compatible with this active matrix LCD (but will be displayed on a connected external VGA color monitor). The LCD assembly consists of the following components: o Display panel with data connector, backlight power cable, and one or two fluorescent tubes o Backlight inverter board with contrast and/or brightness control, and associated circuitry to produce the required voltages for the LCD and backlight. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> WARNING <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Be aware that voltages as great as 350 volts are present on the power connectors and Backlight Inverter Board when the unit is on. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << NOTE: Any disassembly of the LCD assembly can affect performance and will void your warranty for this component. Passive Matrix Monochrome LCD The COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 use an edgelit passive matrix monochrome LCD that provides VGA support in the following resolutions: o 640 x 480 in 16 shades of gray o 320 x 200 in 32 shades of gray o 320 x 200 in 64 shades of gray This 9.5 inch (diagonal) LCD features compensated super-twist technology with a film-compensated LCD layer that enhances contrast. A single cold-cathode fluorescent tube provides edgelighting for the display. Active Matrix LCD The COMPAQ LTE Lite/25e and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C feature an active matrix LCD that uses Amorphous Silicon thin film transistor (TFT) technology that provides higher contrast and a sharper image. The active matrix LCD is backlit with hot cathode fluorescent tubes to enhance brightness. Active Matrix Black and White LCD The COMPAQ LTE Lite/25e uses an active matrix black and white LCD featuring TFT technology for a truer black and white effect and wider viewing angle. This 9.5-inch (diagonal) LCD supports the following Advanced VGA and VGA modes: o 640 x 480 in 16 shades of gray o 320 x 200 in 32 shades of gray o 320 x 200 in 64 shades of gray Active Matrix Color LCD The COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C uses an active matrix color LCD featuring TFT technology. This LCD supports the following Advanced VGA and VGA modes: o o o o 640 640 320 640 x x x x 480 480 200 480 resolution resolution resolution resolution in in in in 256 colors 16 colors 256 colors 16 colors The 8.4-inch (diagonal) display panel contains 1920 (640 x 3 colors) columns by 480 rows of pixels. Each square pixel has three colors and each color uses a TFT as an active device. The pixel color order is repetitive by columns, and data is loaded 3-bits/color, or 9-bits/pixel. Figure 8-3 shows the color LCD configuration. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-3. Active Matrix Color LCD Configuration 8.3 VIDEO GRAPHICS CONTROLLER (VGC) As shown in Figure 8-1, the VGC consists of the video ASIC, video memory, and video DAC. Video ASIC The video ASIC contains most of the functionality of the VGC. A block diagram of the video ASIC is shown in Figure 8-4. The following paragraphs describe the key functions of the video ASIC. Bus Interface -- The Bus Interface handles all interaction between the system bus and the video subsystem. Once permission has been granted by the Sequencer, address and data information is passed to the appropriate Video ASIC function. Sequencer -- The Sequencer takes the output of the master clock and generates timing, address and control signals used by other video subsystem functions. BitBLT Engine -- The Bit Block Transfer (BitBLT) engine provides hardware support for moving blocks of data in video memory. CRT Controller -- The CRT controller generates horizontal and vertical blanking and synchronization signals. Memory address sequencing and CRT timing signals are programmable for different BIOS modes. Attribute Controller -- Data from video memory is processed to decode blinking, highlighting, and reverse video and are then added to the video stream. A 16-of-64 color palette is also included for compatibility with software written for the EGA standard. LCD Controller -- The LCD controller processes video data for display on the LCD screen and provides power sequencer and screen save functions. In the COMPAQ LTE Lite/20, COMPAQ LTE Lite/25, and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25e, the LCD controller also provides the color-to-gray scale conversions. In the COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C, the LCD controller provides RAMDAC and TFT processor functions. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-4. Video ASIC Block Diagram LCD Controller, Monochrome Operation Colors written to the palette of the video DAC are translated by the LCD interface logic to the nearest shades of gray. Software can reduce the chance of different colors resulting in the same shade of gray by changing values in the red, green, and blue (RGB) weighting registers (refer to the Register Programming section). LCD Controller, Color Operation The color LCD controller supports the 512-color TFT panel. Two functions unique for color support are provided: the RAMDAC function and the TFT processor function. RAMDAC Function The RAMDAC function provides a 256 x 18-color palette and the control logic that allows it to emulate the palette functions of the video DAC chip (that supports the external VGA monitor). Normally the LCD controller RAMDAC shadows video DAC writes. However, if the RAMDAC Emulation bit in the DAC Control register is active, then the LCD controller RAMDAC takes over all of the external RAMDAC's palette functionality. TFT Processor Function The TFT Processor function takes the 18-bit palette color from the palette RAM and produces 9 bits of color data (3 bits of red, green, and blue) for the TFT panel. Normally this would produce 512 colors. However, the VGC circuitry is able to display 4096 colors in high resolution mode and 256K colors in low resolution mode by using frame rate modulation. In low resolution mode, these 16 color levels are further expanded to produce 64 color levels for each primary color and thus 256K total colors. The TFT Modulation bit in the DAC Control register, TFTMOD, provides a way to turn off the frame rate modulation associated with the COL1_2 bit. If this bit is active then there is no modulation in high resolution mode and only 512 colors can be displayed. In low resolution mode only the half tone signals (HT1OF4, HT1OF2, and HT3OF4) are used and 32 colors are produced for red, green, and blue resulting in 32768 total colors. The Round and Resolve bits in the DAC Control register operate on different portions of the three 6-bit palette colors depending on whether the TFT processor is in high or low resolution mode and whether the TFT Modulation bit is active. If the VGC is in high resolution mode and the TFT Modulation bit is inactive then frame rate modulation is disabled and the upper 3 bits <5..3> of each color are sent unmodified to the panel. In this case, bit <2> is used for rounding and bits <2..0> are used for resolving. If the VGC is in high resolution mode and the TFT Modulation bit is active, then bit <2> is used for frame rate modulation. In this case rounding is based on bit <1> and resolving on bits <1> and <0>. If the VGC is in low resolution mode and the TFT modulation bit is inactive then bits <2> and <1> are used to select the alternating signals. Both rounding and resolving use bit <0> in this case. If the VGC is in low resolution mode and the TFT Modulation bit is active then bit <2> is used for frame rate modulation and bits <1> and <0> are used to select the alternating signals. Round and resolve have no effect in this case since all of the bits are being used. Video Memory A block diagram of video memory of the video system is shown in Figure 85. The video memory is arranged into four RAM planes. In text modes, planes 0, 1, and 2 hold characters, attributes, and fonts respectively. Plane three is not used in text modes. In multiplane graphics modes, planes can be addressed in parallel with each plane supplying a pixel's color bit. In packed pixel graphics modes, a pixel's bits are contained within a single byte. The COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 and /25 include 256 Kbytes of video memory. The COMPAQ LTE Lite/25e and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C feature 512 Kbytes of video memory that allows for 256 colors to be displayed simultaneously in 640 x 480 resolution on an optional external monitor. The COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C can also display 256 colors on its color LCD. Video Memory Mapping The frame buffer can be accessed through traditional DOS video space or through the High Address Map. The DOS video space (two areas known as DOS apertures) is always enabled and the High Address Map is enabled if there is room in the extended memory address space. DOS Apertures DOS allocates 128 Kbytes of address space (A000: to BFFF) to applications for video memory access. However, for extended modes of operation, the size of video memory is larger than 128 Kbytes. Therefore, video memory pages must be used to map sections of video memory into the DOS apertures. Two sizes of DOS apertures can be mapped: 32 Kbytes for mapping 64 KB of video memory (Figure 8-6) and 64 Kbytes for mapping 128 KB of video memory (Figure 8-7). ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-5. Video Memory Block Diagram ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-6. DOS 32K Apertures Mapping ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-7. DOS 64K Apertures Mapping High Address Map The video memory can be accessed as one full frame buffer (up to 1 megabyte) at addresses above 1 megabyte. The High Address Map Register (3CF.48 - 049h) specifies the CPU physical address corresponding to the start of the video memory and may be read by software to determine the location of video memory. Mapping is disabled when this register is programmed with zeros. It is enabled when programmed with a non-zero value. If the High Address Map is enabled, for every CPU memory read/write, address bits 20 to 23 of the CPU are compared against the leastsignificant four bits of the High Address Map Register. If they match, the frame buffer is selected with the low 20 CPU address lines. NOTE: Both the DOS Aperture and the High Address Map have the same view as selected by bit 1 of the Control Register 0. Figure 8-8, High Address Mapping, illustrates this mapping scheme. In ISA-based systems, High Address Map is disabled. Software must query the system for memory availability and set the High Address Map as desired. A BIOS call is provided to support this query. The High Address Map Register is reset to "0" when the sequencer is reset, thus destroying any value stored. Before resetting the sequencer, the high address must be saved and then later restored. NOTE: A BIOS Mode switch always results in a Sequencer reset operation; hence, the High Address Map Register must be saved before a BIOS Mode switch and restored after the mode switch. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-8. High Address Mapping Video DAC A block diagram of the Video Digital/Analog Converter (DAC) is shown in Figure 8-9. The Video DAC converts digital video data into analog signals used by an external monitor. The Video DAC also provides the pixel port multiplexing and color look-up table (palette) functions that supports the packed-pixel modes. Color Lookup Table (Palette RAM) -- Color bits from the attribute controller provide a selection of 256 from a palette of 16,777,216 colors. Each of the 256 locations in the palette RAM defines a color derived from 8 bits of red, green, and blue. If fewer than 256 colors are needed, the palette can be subdivided into four palettes (for 64 colors) or even 16 palettes (for 16 colors). There are 6- and 8-bit modes for 218 or 224 palettes. Digital/Analog Converter (DAC) -- The DAC components provide analog video data for an external CRT monitor. Each set of eight outputs from the color palette RAM is applied to one of three D/A converters. Digital codes from 00000000b to 11111111b (0h to FFh) correspond to an output voltage between 0.00 and 0.70 volts. A given primary color's intensity is directly proportional to this output voltage (Table 8-1). Table 8-1. Voltage Output from the Video Digital-to-Analog Converters ========================================================================= == Color Lookup Percent Video DAC Table Contents Output (Volts) -------------------------------------------------------------------------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 25 0.17 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 33 0.23 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 50 0.34 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 67 0.46 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 75 0.52 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 100 0.70 ========================================================================= == Monitor Configuration Sensor -- This logic uses a set of three fixed-threshold voltage comparators that provide built-in test capability and determines whether a monochrome or color CRT is attached by sensing the load on the DAC outputs. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-9. Video DAC Block Diagram 8.4 DISPLAY MODES The video graphics. depending BIOS mode graphics system provides one of two types of displays: text or The video graphics system can be configured a number of ways on the type of display desired and the operating and specific selected. Text Configurations The text display uses a multiplane configuration where a character, its attributes, and fonts are stored in the separate memory planes. Table 8-2 lists the text configurations provided by the video system. Note that the text configurations for CGA/MDA, EGA, and VGA share common video BIOS modes that result in the same format but provide different pixel resolutions. NOTE: The LCD screen does not support 132-column text modes. An external VGA monitor must be used to view 132-column text modes. In such a configuration, the LCD will be blanked. Table 8-2. Text Configuration Display Modes ========================================================================= == Software Video Format Pixel Number Interface BIOS Resolution of Mode Colors -------------------------------------------------------------------------CGA, EGA *, VGA *, 0 40 x 25 Text 320 x 200 16 Accelerated VGA #, 1 40 x 25 Text 320 x 200 16 Advanced VGA # 2 80 x 25 Text 640 x 200 16 3 80 x 25 Text 640 x 200 16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------MDA 7 80 x 25 Text 720 x 350 Monochrome -------------------------------------------------------------------------EGA *, VGA *, 0 40 x 25 Text 320 x 350 16 Accelerated VGA #, 1 40 x 25 Text 320 x 350 16 Advanced VGA # 2 80 x 25 Text 640 x 350 16 3 80 x 25 Text 640 x 350 16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------VGA *, 0 40 x 25 Text 360 x 400 16 Accelerated VGA #, 1 40 x 25 Text 360 x 400 16 Advanced VGA # 2 80 x 25 Text 720 x 400 16 3 80 x 25 Text 720 x 400 16 7 80 x 25 Text 720 x 400 Monochrome -------------------------------------------------------------------------Accelerated VGA #, 18 132 x 43 1056 x 350 Monochrome Advanced VGA # 19 132 x 25 1056 x 400 Monochrome 1A 132 x 28 1056 x 400 Monochrome 1B 132 x 50 1056 x 400 Monochrome 1C 132 x 60 1056 x 480 Monochrome 22 132 x 43 1056 x 350 16 23 132 x 25 1056 x 400 16 24 132 x 28 1056 x 400 16 27 132 x 50 1056 x 400 16 28 132 x 60 1056 x 480 16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Configurations that share common BIOS modes but provide different resolutions # Displayed on optional external VGA monitor only ========================================================================= == Graphics Configurations The video system can operate in either of two fundamental graphics configurations: Multiplane or Packed Pixel. Table 8-3 shows the graphics configurations supported by the VGC. Table 8-3. Graphics Configuration Display Modes ========================================================================= == Software Video Mapping Pixel Number Interface BIOS Architecture Resolution of Mode Colors -------------------------------------------------------------------------CGA 4 Packed Pixel -- 2 bits 320 x 200 4 5 Packed Pixel -- 2 bits 320 x 200 4 6 Packed Pixel -- 1 bit 640 x 200 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------CGA, EGA D Multiplane 320 x 200 16 E Multiplane 640 x 200 16 F Multiplane 640 x 350 Monochrome 10 Multiplane 640 x 350 16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------CGA, EGA, 11 Multiplane 640 x 480 2 VGA 12 Multiplane 640 x 480 16 13 Packed Pixel -- 8 bits 320 x 200 256 -------------------------------------------------------------------------CGA, EGA, VGA, 29 * Multiplane 800 x 600 16 Advanced VGA 2E # Packed Pixel -- 8 bits 640 x 480 256 -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Displayed on optional external monitor only # COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C only ========================================================================= == BIOS Modes D, E, F, and 10 are provided for compatibility with the EGA standard. BIOS Modes 11 and 12 provide the highest LCD graphics resolution, 640 x 480. Pixel data for both graphics configurations is physically stored in video memory in a packed-pixel format. However, the graphics controller permits the video memory to be "viewed" in either a packed-pixel or multiplane organization. The packed-pixel view permits access to video memory the same way the data is stored internally. The multiplane view enables the video memory to be viewed in a planar organization (bit-plane basis) with the VGC performing the required cycles to write/read the appropriate bits in video memory (all transparent to the programmer). Multiplane Configuration The Multiplane configuration allows fast manipulation of graphical screen images. This is done by an architecture that places the four video memory planes in parallel with hardware that allows selective manipulation of up to eight pixels at a time. In the Multiplane configuration, each plane supplies one bit of the code that selects a color from the palette (Figure 8-10). When all four planes are used, 16 (24) colors are possible for each pixel. Four write modes and two read modes are employed in multiplane configurations, as listed in Table 8-4. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-10. Multiplane Configuration Table 8-4. Summary of Modes Used in Multiplane Configuration ========================================================================= == Mode Description -------------------------------------------------------------------------Write Mode 0 Write Mode 0 allows bit manipulation of data going from the system to memory. This mode writes individual pixels to the screen. Write Mode 1 Write Mode 1 allows copying a byte from one screen location to several (or all) other screen locations. Data comes from the Read Data Latch, in the read logic in the graphics controller, rather than from the system. Write Mode 2 Write Mode 2 is used to fill selectively an area of the screen with a particular color. Each bit in the data byte from the system is expanded to eight bits in each plane. Each bit loads one byte in each of the four planes. Write Mode 3 Write Mode 3 allows bit manipulation (for example, ANDing or ORing) of data going from the system memory to video memory. This mode writes individual pixels to the screen. Read Mode 0 Read Mode 0 is a normal read mode. It allows any one of the four planes to be read back to the system. Each byte in the plane is read directly to the system without processing. Read Mode 0 is selected by the graphics controller mode register (refer to "Graphics Controller Registers" section). The plane to be read is selected by entering the appropriate code in the Read Plane Select register. When a read cycle occurs, all four planes are read and their data latched, but only the data from the designated plane is used. For all four planes to be read, this sequence must occur four times. Read Mode 1 Read Mode 1 provides hardware assistance in searching the screen for pixels of a given color. Read Mode 1 allows software to determine which pixels match a given color. ========================================================================= == NOTE: Video BIOS uses only Write Mode 0 and Read Mode 0. If software needs to change modes, the Graphics Controller Mode register must be changed. (See "Graphics Controller Registers.") Packed Pixel Configuration The Packed Pixel configuration allows the CPU to have direct access to all the bits that control a pixel. Depending on the BIOS mode, each pixel is controlled by 1, 2, or 8 bits. Accordingly, each byte of video memory can control one, four, or eight pixel(s). Packed pixel operation allows the programmer to access video data as it is physically stored. BIOS Modes 2Eh and 13 provide the most colors of any BIOS mode supported by the VGC. BIOS Modes 4, 5, and 6 are provided for compatibility with the CGA standard. The Packed Pixel configuration incorporates three different display formats: 1. 256-colors, BIOS Modes 2Eh (COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C only) and 13 @ 8 bits per pixel 2. 320 x 200, 4 colors, BIOS Modes 4 and 5 @ 2 bits per pixel 3. 640 x 200, 2 colors, BIOS Mode 6 @ 1 bit per pixel In the packed-pixel view, the first byte of video memory (A000:0) represents the first pixel of the display (Figure 8-11). (Note that in the 256-color mode, eight bits are required to represent a single pixel.) The second byte (A000:1) represents the second pixel of the display and so on. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-11. Packed Pixel Configuration (8 Bits Per Pixel) Planar View The planar view of the video memory enables the programmer to access bit planes of the pixel data for read and write operations. Note that although the pixel data is accessed as bit planes, it is still stored in video memory in a packed-pixel format. In addition, two other write modes permit the modification of eight pixels for each byte transferred. These two write modes are referred to as "color-expand write modes" since each bit of data written to the graphics controller is "expanded" into one pixel of data in the frame buffer. This is useful in graphic rendering operations where one byte of data can modify eight pixels on the screen; whereas the packed-pixel view would require eight bytes to modify the same eight pixels. During these write operations, back-end circuitry performs the required operations to write/read the appropriate bits in video memory. This operation is performed transparent to the programmer. In planar view, the first byte of video memory (A000:0) corresponds to the first eight pixels of the display. The second byte corresponds to the next consecutive eight pixels and so on. The most significant bit of the byte is the left-most pixel on the display. There is one read mode and three write modes for this view. They are referred to as Planar Read Mode, Planar Write Mode, Foreground/Background Color-Expand Write Mode, and Foreground/Transparent Color-Expand Write Mode. Planar Read Mode The Read Control Register (3CF.41h) specifies the "color bit plane" to be read. Since data in physical memory is packed, a byte read at "color plane n" means extracting bit n from eight consecutive 8-bit pixels. For an example of this read mode, refer to Figure 8-12, Planar Read Mode. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-12a. Planar Read Mode (Part 1 of 2) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-12b. Planar Read Mode (Part 2 of 2) Write Modes The planar view for BIOS Mode 2Eh includes three write modes. These modes are selected with bits <3, 2> of Control Register 0. Writes to individual pixels are selected through the Pixel Write Mask Register (3C5.02h). This register is the VGA Sequencer Write Plane Mask extended to eight bits. Bit 7 affects the leftmost pixel on the screen (CPU data bit 7). It is still a 4-bit register in VGA standard modes for compatibility reasons. Planar Write Mode The Color Plane Write Mask Register (3CF.08h) specifies which color bit planes are to be written (this is the VGA Bit Mask register). Bits with the value of 1 in the write mask allow writes; bits with the value of 0 preserve the contents of the corresponding bit planes. Figure 8-13 (Planar Write Mode Byte Write) and Figure 8-14 (Planar Write Mode Word Write) illustrate this write mode. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-13. Planar Write Mode Byte Write ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-14a. Planar Write Mode Word Write (Part 1 of 2) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-14b. Planar Write Mode Word Write (Part 2 of 2) Foreground/Background Color-Expand Write Mode An 8-bit value is expanded such that bits with the value of 1 select the 8-bit Foreground Color Register and bits with the value of 0 select the 8-bit Background Color Register to write to the corresponding 8-bit pixels. See Figure 8-15 (Foreground/Background Color-Expand Write Mode Byte Write) and Figure 816 (Foreground/Background Color-Expand Write Mode Word Write) for an example. The hardware architecture for this configuration is depicted in Figure 8-17, Foreground/Background Color-Expand Write Mode Block Diagram. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-15. Foreground/Background Color-Expand Write Mode Byte Write ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-16a. Foreground/Background Color-Expand Write Mode Word Write (Part 1 of 2) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-16b. Foreground/Background Color-Expand Write Mode Word Write (Part 2 of 2) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-17a. Foreground/Background Color-Expand Write Mode Block Diagram (Part 1 of 4) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-17b. Foreground/Background Color-Expand Write Mode Block Diagram (Part 2 of 4) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-17c. Foreground/Background Color-Expand Write Mode Block Diagram (Part 3 of 4) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-17d. Foreground/Background Color-Expand Write Mode Block Diagram (Part 4 of 4) Foreground/Transparent Color-Expand Write Mode An 8-bit value is expanded such that bits with the value of 1 select the 8-bit foreground color and bits with the value of 0 disable writes to the corresponding 8-bit pixels. This write mode is similar to a foreground/background color expand write except that the physical memory plane corresponding to the pixel masked is write inhibited. Figure 8-18 (Foreground/Transparent Write Mode Byte Write) and Figure 8-19 (Foreground/Transparent Write Mode Word Write) illustrate this write mode. The hardware architecture for this configuration is depicted in Figure 8-20, Foreground/Transparent Write Mode Block Diagram. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-18. Foreground/Transparent Write Mode Byte Write ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-19a. Foreground/Transparent Write Mode Word Write (Part 1 of 2) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-19b. Foreground/Transparent Write Mode Word Write (Part 2 of 2) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-20a. Foreground/Transparent Write Mode Block Diagram (Part 1 of 4) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-20b. Foreground/Transparent Write Mode Block Diagram (Part 2 of 4) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-20c. Foreground/Transparent Write Mode Block Diagram (Part 3 of 4) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 8-20d. Foreground/Transparent Write Mode Block Diagram (Part 4 of 4) 8.5 REGISTER PROGRAMMING This section provides information needed to program the following VGC registers: o o o o o o o o Control and Status Registers Sequencer Registers Graphics Controller Registers CRT Controller Registers Attribute Controller Registers Video DAC Registers Bit Block Transfer (BitBLT) Registers COMPAQ Personal Computer-specific registers At the end of this section are tables presenting mode-specific register values. Control and Status Registers Table 8-5 lists the Control and Status registers and their addresses. Table 8-5. Control and Status Registers ========================================================================= == Address Register Read/Write -------------------------------------------------------------------------102h Option Select R/W 3C2h Input Status 0 R 3C2h Miscellaneous Output W 3xAh Input Status 1 R 3xAh Feature Control W 3CAh Feature Control R 3CCh Miscellaneous Output R 3CF.0Bh Compaq Configuration R/W 3CF.0Ch Version Number R 3CF.0Fh Environment Register 0 R 3CF.10h BitBLT Configuration R/W 3CF.40h Control Register 0 R/W 3CF.45h Page Register 0 R/W 3CF.46h Page Register 1 R/W 3CF.48 - 49h High Address Map R/W 46E8h Video Enable R/W ========================================================================= == Option Select, Port 102h, Read/Write Only bit <0> of port 102h is used for Card Enable. Read/write access to this register is allowed only when the setup bit <4> of the Video Enable Register (46E8h) is asserted. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..1 Reserved 0 0 = Disabled The VGC does not respond to commands, data, or addresses on the data bus. 1 = Enabled The VGC responds to commands issued to VGC valid addresses. Input Status 0, Port 3C2h, Read Only This register contains the status of the analog comparator and of the Vertical Retrace Interrupt. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Vertical Retrace Interrupt (IRQ9) status 0 = Interrupt cleared 1 = Interrupt pending 6,5 Reserved 4 Status of analog comparator (monitor sense) 0 = One or more RGB analog output(s) is above 0.35V 1 = All RGB analog outputs are below 0.35V 3..0 Reserved Bit <4> is "0" whenever an R, G, or B video DAC output exceeds approximately 0.35 volt. Miscellaneous Output, Port 3C2h, Write Only (Read at 3CCh) This register controls miscellaneous functions of the VGC circuitry. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Vertical Sync Polarity 0 = (+) 1 = (-) 6 Horizontal Sync Polarity 0 = (+) 1 = (-) 5 Page Select Bit in odd/even mode 0 = Low page (for diagnostic use) 1 = High page (for diagnostic use) 4 Reserved 3,2 Master Clock Frequency 00 = 25.175 MHz (640 or 320 pixels wide format) 01 = 28.322 MHz (720 or 360 pixels wide format) 10 = 41.538 MHz clock for 132-column modes 11 = Reserved 1 CPU access to video memory 0 = Disabled 1 = Enabled 0 I/O Base Address 0 = 3Bxh, monochrome display 1 = 3Dxh, color display Input Status 1, Port 3xAh, Read Only This register contains the status of various video signals. The Display Enable signal bit indicates active display times. This signal combines the horizontal and vertical sync and other blanking periods. Bits <5, 4> of the Color Plane Enable register select which two of the eight Color Lookup Table address bits will appear on bits <5, 4> of Input Status 1 register. ============================================= Color Plane Input Status 1 Enable Register Register --------------------------------------------Bits <5> <4> <5> <4> 0 0 P2 P0 0 1 P5 P4 1 0 P3 P1 1 1 P7 P6 ============================================= BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Reserved 5 R/B Multiplexed Video Bits MUX (See NOTE) 00 = P2 -- Primary Red (R) 01 = P5 -- Secondary Red (r) 10 = P3 -- Secondary Blue (b) 11 = P7 0 = Inactive 1 = Active 4 G/B Multiplexed Video Bits MUX (See NOTE) 00 = P0 -- Primary Blue (B) 01 = P4 -- Secondary Green (g) 10 = P1 -- Primary Green (G) 11 = P6 0 = Inactive 1 = Active 3 Vertical Sync Pulse (Interrupt IRQ9 control is available through bits <4, 5> of Vertical Retrace End register) 0 = Inactive 1 = Vertical Retrace Interval 2,1 Reserved 0 Display Enable (Real-time status of inverted Display Enable) 0 = Video active 1 = Video blanked NOTE: MUX = Bits <5, 4> of the Color Plane Enable register in the attribute controller. The colors listed are for EGA modes only. Feature Control, Port 3xAh, Write (Read at 3CAh) This register specifies the state of the FC0 and FC1 signals. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Reserved Compaq Configuration, Port 3CFh, Index 0Bh, Read/Write The Compaq Configuration Register is used to enable the VGA for proper operation depending on the environment and other configuration purposes. This register is initialized to 00h and write-protected (locked) on power-up. To write to these bits, Register 03CF.0F must be loaded with the value 05h. This register will read 0Fh when locked. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 For READ: Return power-up jumper configuration for bits 7..4. For WRITE: Bits 5..7: Reserved Bit 4 = 1: Enable 0 wait state signal for I/O and memory if applicable. Bit 4 = 0: Disable 0 wait state signal. 3 Spare (not used) 2 Video Memory Bus Configuration 1 = 16-bit video memory cycles 0 = 8-bit video memory cycles 1 BIOS Bus Configuration 1 = 16-bit BIOS memory cycles 0 = 8-bit BIOS memory cycles 0 BIOS Disable 1 = Disabled 0 = Enabled Version Number, Port 3CFh, Index 0Ch, Read Only This register is provided as a read only register to provide BIOS with a way of determining the current version of the silicon. Note that the version number in this register may not correspond to the part dash number. This is because the register version number will only be incremented if the previous version was released to production. Read only when unlocked. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..3 Project number 00011 = Accelerated VGA 00101 = Advanced VGA 2..0 Version number of current silicon 001 = First production release Environment Register 0, Port 3CFh, Index 0Fh, Read Only The environment status bits <7..4> are read-only at 03CF.0F. These status bits are loaded at power-on to identify the VGA board level configuration and installation, and are used by the POST software to configure the VGA for 8- or 16-bit operation. These configuration bits are read protected and may only be read when the lock register 03CF.0F (bits <3, 2>) is loaded with the value 05h. Otherwise, this register will read back as 0Fh for compatibility. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Installed ROM BIOS Size (Read only) 1 = 8-bit 0 = 16-bit 6 Installed Video Bus Size (Read only) 1 = 8-bit 0 = 16-bit 5 Installed Slot Type (Read only) 1 = 16-bit 0 = 8-bit 4 Installed Bus Configuration (Read only) Reserved. Must be 0 3,2 Lock Register (Read/Write) Unlock = 05 BitBLT Configuration, Port 03CF, Index 10h, Read/Write This register is Read/Write when unlocked. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 TRI-STATE (TS) This bit, when "1", tri-states all video memory data, address, and control lines. 6 RESET BLT (RBLT) This bit, when toggled from "0" to "1" to "0", resets the BLT Engine State Machine and all BLT registers into a normal VGA configuration. 5 Accelerated VGA = Reserved Advanced VGA = IRQ9 Disable 1 = Tri-stated 0 = Enabled 4 Accelerated VGA = Reserved Advanced VGA = IRQ Polarity 1 = Active low 0 = Active high 3 BitBLT ENABLE (BBEN) This bit, when "1", enables the address decode and extended Raster Ops of all BLT registers. When "0", they are not decoded. 2 BitBLT ADDRESS SELECT (BBAS) This bit, when "1", assigns BitBLT registers 23C0h - 23CFh to 43C0h - 43CFh and 33C0h - 33CFh to 53C0h - 53CFh. 1 BUS CLOCK DISABLE (BCD) When this bit is set to "1", the bus clock synchronization of BUSRDY is disabled. 0 FIFO PRIORITY (FFP) When this bit is set to "0", the FIFO priority is the same as the COMPAQ VGC. When this bit is set to a "1", the FIFO priority is such that more of the screen refresh accesses are forced to be page mode. Control Register 0, Port 3CF, Index 40h, Read/Write This is an 8-bit read/write control register. It is cleared on power-up. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6 Reserved. Must write zeros. 5,4 Select function for the triple-function pin 00 = Strobe for the clock synthesizer 01 = Display enable output 10 = Reserved 11 = Reserved 3,2 Select write mode 00 = Select planar write mode 01 = Select color-expand write mode 10 = Select transparent write mode 11 = Reserved 1 View enable 1 = Enable planar view (color-expand write modes) 0 = Enable packed pixel view This bit affects both DOS video space and high address map. Packed pixel mode must be enabled for BitBLTs, except for CPU-to-Screen BitBLTs where planar view must be enabled. Page Register 0 and Page Register 1 must be set and restored when switching between packed pixel and planar modes. 0 Extended color mode enable 1 = Extended 256-color mode enabled 0 = Extended 256-color mode disabled This bit is cleared when the sequencer is reset to be compatible with standard VGA. Page Register 0, Port 3CF, Index 45h, Read/Write This is an 8-bit read/write control register. It defines where the first 32K/64K page aperture is mapped in video memory (to a 4K resolution). This register is selected to add to the CPU address when A15 = 0 (and 3CF.06<3,2> = 01) or when A16 = 0 (and 3CF.06<3,2> = 00). This register is also selected when 3CF.06<3,2> = 1x to allow CPU access to extra memory available in standard VGA modes. It is cleared when the sequencer is reset to be compatible with normal VGA modes. Note that Page Register 0 must be set and restored when switching between packed pixel and planar modes. Page Register 1, Port 3CF, Index 46h, Read/Write This is an 8-bit read/write register. It defines where the second 32K/64K page aperture is mapped into video memory (to a 4K resolution). This register is selected to add to CPU address when A15 = 1 (3CF.06<3,2> = 01) or when A16 = 1 (and 3CF.06<3,2> = 00). It is cleared when the sequencer is reset to be compatible with normal VGA. Note that Page Register 1 must be set and restored when switching between packed pixel and planar modes. High Address Map Register, Port 3CF, Index 48 - 49h, Read/Write This 16-bit register is divided into two 8-bit read/write registers. The low byte is at index 48h and the high byte is at index 49h. It specifies where the frame buffer is mapped in CPU address space. BIT FUNCTION ---------------15..4 Reserved (Write "0" to these bits) 3..0 Selects which 1 MB page to map. CPU address lines <23..20> must match these four bits to qualify for the video memory access. A "0" in this register indicates that the high map is disabled. A value of "0Fh" is invalid. Video Enable, Port 46E8h, Read/Write Video Enable is mapped to port 46E8, bit <3>. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..5 Reserved 4 0 = Enables normal operation 1 = SETUP -- disables normal memory and I/O cycles and enables read/write to port 0102h. When SETUP is not asserted, the VGC ignores address 0102h and allows normal operation. 3 1 = VGC enabled for memory and I/O 0 = VGC disabled for memory and I/O 2..0 Reserved Sequencer Registers Table 8-6 lists the Sequencer registers, their addresses, and their indexes. Table 8-6. Sequencer Registers ========================================================================= == Address Register Read/Write -------------------------------------------------------------------------3C4h Index R/W 3C5h Data R/W 00h Reset R/W 01h Clocking Mode R/W 02h Write Plane Mask R/W 03h Character Font Select R/W 04h Memory Mode R/W ========================================================================= == The sequencer uses two I/O (port) addresses for register access. Port 3C4h is the Sequencer Index register. Port 3C5h interacts with one of five Sequencer registers pointed to by the Sequencer Index register. Sequencer Index, Port 3C4h, Read/Write This register points to one of five Sequencer registers. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..3 Reserved 2..0 Index 000 001 010 011 100 = = = = = Reset Clocking Mode Write Plane Mask Character Font Select Memory Mode Sequencer Reset, Port 3C5h, Index 00h, Read/Write This register resets the sequencer. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..2 Reserved 1 0 = Synchronous reset (halt) 1 = Allow sequencer to run 0 0 = Asynchronous reset (halt) 1 = Allow sequencer to run In a synchronous reset, the sequencer waits until a synchronized point at which it can halt without any possibility of data loss. The sequencer must be "0" before changing bit <3> or <0> of the Clock Mode register or bit <3> or <2> of the Miscellaneous Output register. In an asynchronous reset, the sequencer immediately locks all the registers and counters. Stopping with this bit can cause data loss in the video RAM. Bits <0> and <1> must both be set to "1" for the sequencer to run. Sequencer Clocking Mode, Port 3C5h, Index 01h, Read/Write This register specifies clock rates for various sequencer functions. To change the contents of the Sequencer Clocking Mode register, halt the sequencer synchronously, make the change, then restart the sequencer. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Reserved 5 0 = Normal screen operation 1 = Turn off video screen and give all memory access to processor (Sync pulses maintained) 4 0 = Video serializers loaded every character clock 1 = Video serializers loaded every 4th clock (useful when 32 bits are chained in the Shift register) 3 0 = Normal dot clock 1 = Dot clock = Master clock divided by two (320- and 360-pixel modes) 2 0 = Video serializer reloads every character clock 1 = Video serializer reloads every other character clock (used when 16-bit memory chaining is enabled) 1 Reserved 0 0 = 9-dot character clock (Modes 7 and n+ only) 1 = 8-dot character clock The dot clock bit (bit <3>) generates the 320-/360-dot modes by halving the master clock input. Sequencer Write Plane Mask, Port 3C5h, Index 02h, Read/Write This Text and Multiplane Graphics Configuration register specifies which planes of video memory are disabled. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 VGA: Reserved (all modes except as noted below) Mode 2Eh: Extension for 256-color packed pixel modes 3 0 = CPU cannot write to plane 3 1 = CPU can write to plane 3 2 0 = CPU cannot write to plane 2 1 = CPU can write to plane 2 1 0 = CPU cannot write to plane 1 1 = CPU can write to plane 1 0 0 = CPU cannot write to plane 0 1 = CPU can write to plane 0 When odd/even modes (16-bit chaining) are selected, planes 0 and 1 should have the same value, and planes 2 and 3 should have the same Plane Mask values. For 32-bit chaining mode, the value of this register should be 0Fh. For packed pixel graphics configurations, this register behaves as a pixel mask and can be referred to as the Pixel Write Mask Register. It is extended to eight bits for 256-color mode and is used as a pixel mask in color-expand write modes for fast character drawing. In normal VGA modes, the upper four bits return "0" on reads for compatibility. Sequencer Character Font Select, Port 3C5h, Index 03h, Read/Write This register specifies which two fonts are used at any one time as the source of the dot patterns for the character generator. In Text mode, plane 2 is divided into eight 8-Kbyte banks. Each bank contains one 256-character font. This register also specifies which 8-Kbyte bank of video memory is the source of the dot patterns for the character generator. ========================================================================= == MAP A MAP B -------------------------------------------------------------------------Bit Bit 3 2 5 1 0 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------0 0 0 1st 8 KB Map 0 0 0 1st 8 KB Map 0 0 1 2nd 8 KB Map 0 0 1 2nd 8 KB Map 0 1 0 3rd 8 KB Map 0 1 0 3rd 8 KB Map 0 1 1 4th 8 KB Map 0 1 1 4th 8 KB Map 1 0 0 5th 8 KB Map 1 0 0 5th 8 KB Map 1 0 1 6th 8 KB Map 1 0 1 6th 8 KB Map 1 1 0 7th 8 KB Map 1 1 0 7th 8 KB Map 1 1 1 8th 8 KB Map 1 1 1 8th 8 KB Map ========================================================================= == BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Reserved 5 Font Map A select. Extension for bits <3, 2> 0 = 1st, 3rd, 5th or 7th map 1 = 2nd, 4th, 6th or 8th map 4 Font map B select. Extension for bits <1, 0> 0 = 1st, 3rd, 5th or 7th map 1 = 2nd, 4th, 6th or 8th map 3,2 Font Map A select. Bits <3, 2> specify which 8-Kbyte bank to use when the text-attribute byte, bit <3> = 1 00 = 1st or 2nd 8-Kbyte Map 01 = 3rd or 4th 8-Kbyte Map 10 = 5th or 6th 8-Kbyte Map 11 = 7th or 8th 8-Kbyte Map 1,0 Font Map B select. Bits <1, 0> specify which 8-Kbyte bank to use when the text-attribute byte, bit <3> = 0 00 = 1st or 2nd 8-Kbyte Map 01 = 3rd or 4th 8-Kbyte Map 10 = 5th or 6th 8-Kbyte Map 11 = 7th or 8th 8-Kbyte Map Bit <3> of the text-attribute byte specifies whether the text (foreground) is in highlight or whether an alternate character font (shown above) is used. To allow bit <3> of the text-attribute byte to select dualcharacter sets, set Map A not equal to Map B. For consistent colors to be maintained when alternate fonts are used, either some palette registers for the intensified colors 10..15 must be reloaded for non-intensified colors, or the contents of the Color Plane Enable register must be changed to ignore plane 3. Bit <5> character map selects low bit A (extension for bits <3, 2>). Bit <4> character map selects low bit B (extension for bits <1, 0>). Sequencer Memory Mode, Port 3C5h, Index 04h, Read/Write This register controls CPU access to the video memory and enables the Character Font Select function, allowing dual-character sets. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3 Chain 4 0 = Enables normal operation 1 = Two address LSBs select the map to be addressed. This bit controls the map selected in the graphics subsystem during CPU reads 2 0 = Even-numbered CPU addresses access planes 0 and 2 Odd-numbered CPU addresses access planes 1 and 3 1 = CPU addresses access data sequentially in the planes 1 Extended Memory 0 = CPU address bits A <15,14> are ignored. All video memory accesses are forced to the first 16 Kbytes of display memory 1 = Access is allowed to all 64 Kbytes of display memory 0 Reserved -- Read only Bit <2> (odd/even bit) controls only the CPU write accesses. CPU read accesses are controlled by the odd/even bit in the Graphics Controller Mode register. Bit <3> controls the map selected in the graphics subsystem during CPU reads. Graphics Controller Registers Table 8-7 lists the Graphics Controller registers, their addresses, and their indexes. Table 8-7. Graphics Controller Registers ========================================================================= == Address Register Read/Write -------------------------------------------------------------------------3CEh Index R/W 3CFh Data R/W 00h Data Set/Reset R/W 01h Enable Bit Set/Reset R/W 02h Color Compare R/W 03h Data Rotate R/W 04h Read Plane Select R/W 05h Mode R/W 06h Miscellaneous R/W 07h Color Don't Care R/W 08h Bit Mask R/W 41h Read Control R/W 43h Foreground Color R/W 44h Background Color R/W 33C2h Raster Operation 3 R/W 33C3h Raster Operation 2 R/W 33C4h Raster Operation 1 R/W 33C5h Raster Operation 0 R/W 33C7h Raster Operation A W ========================================================================= == Graphics Controller Index, Port 3CEh, Read/Write Port 3CEh serves as the Index register for both graphics controllers. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Index: 00h 01h 02h 03h 04h 05h 06h 07h 08h 41h 43h 44h = = = = = = = = = = = = Data Set/Reset Enable Bit Set/Reset Color Compare Data Rotate Read Plane Select Mode Miscellaneous Color Don't Care Bit Mask Read Control Foreground Color Background Color Graphics Controller Data Set/Reset, Port 3CFh, Index 00h, Read/Write This register stores a bit pattern to write to video memory when in Multiplane Graphics Configuration Write Mode 0 (see the Graphics Controller Mode register). Values are written to each plane unless access to that plane is disabled. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3 Data Bit in Plane 3 0 = Reset 1 = Set 2 Data Bit in Plane 2 0 = Reset 1 = Set 1 Data Bit in Plane 1 0 = Reset 1 = Set Data Bit in Plane 0 0 = Reset 1 = Set 0 The logic operation selected by the Graphics Controller Data Rotate register is also applied to the output of the Data Set/Reset register. In Write Mode 0, output from this register is not written to a plane, unless that plane is enabled in the Sequencer Write Plane Mask register and the Graphics Controller Enable Bit Set/Reset register. In Write Mode 3, the Enable Bit Set/Reset register is ignored. Graphics Controller Enable Bit Set/Reset, Port 3CFh, Index 01h, Read/Write This register enables or disables the Bit Set/Reset function on a plane-by-plane basis. When the Bit Set/Reset function is disabled, CPU data is written to video memory. When the Bit Set/Reset function is enabled, the value in the Data Set/Reset register is written to video memory. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3 Bit Set/Reset for Plane 3 0 = Disabled 1 = Enabled 2 Bit Set/Reset for Plane 2 0 = Disabled 1 = Enabled 1 Bit Set/Reset for Plane 1 0 = Disabled 1 = Enabled 0 Bit Set/Reset for Plane 0 0 = Disabled 1 = Enabled The graphics controller must be in Multiplane Graphics Configuration Write Mode 0 to use the Bit Set/Reset function. Any logic operations selected are also performed on the Data Set/Reset register output. Graphics Controller Color Compare, Port 3CFh, Index 02h, Read/Write This register contains a 4-bit plane pattern (color definition), that is used during a color comparison (Read Mode 1). In Multiplane Graphics Configuration Read Mode 1, normal reads cause a color comparison between the contents of this register and the video memory addressed by the read. Each pixel (dot) color in the byte read is compared to the color value, and a "1" is returned in the corresponding bit position if the colors match. A "0" is returned when a match does not occur in the corresponding bit position. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3..0 These four bits define the color to compare with the colors in video memory. Read Mode 1 must be in effect for the Graphics Controller Color Compare register to be used. The color compare feature in Read Mode 1 is not affected by the Graphics Controller Read Plane Select register; however, it is affected by the Graphics Controller Color Don't Care register. Graphics Controller Data Rotate, Port 3CFh, Index 03h, Read/Write This register specifies the number of bits to rotate data and/or the type of logic operation to perform on data during a CPU write to video memory. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..5 Reserved 4,3 These bits determine the type of logic operation to apply between the CPU or Data Set/Reset register output before the data is written to video memory. 00 = Source data unmodified 01 = Source data ANDed with latch data 10 = Source data ORed with latch data 11 = Source data XORed with latch data 2..0 These bits specify the number of bits to rotate data. Data is rotated to the right. Data rotation is performed before the logic operation and is done only in Multiplane Graphics Configuration Write Mode 0. When the data source is latched data, the logic operation is not applied and latch data is unmodified. Graphics Controller Read Plane Select, Port 3CFh, Index 04h, Read/Write This register determines the bit plane read. This determination occurs by loading a value into bits <1, 0>, depending on the input conditions (CPU address line A0 and Graphics Controller mode register odd/even bit <4>). This register and these input conditions are valid in Read Mode 0 only, unless bit <3> of Sequencer Memory mode = 1 (chain 4 bits). BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..2 Reserved 1,0 Input Conditions =================================================================== Address Result Plane Chain Line Odd/ (Plane Select 4 A0 Even Read) -----------------------------------------------------------------00 0 XX 0 0 01 0 XX 0 1 10 0 XX 0 2 11 0 XX 0 3 00 0 X0 1 0 01 0 X0 1 0 10 0 X0 1 2 11 0 X0 1 2 00 0 X1 1 1 01 0 X1 1 1 10 0 X1 1 3 11 0 X1 1 3 XX 1 00 X 0 XX 1 01 X 1 XX 1 10 X 2 XX 1 11 X 3 -----------------------------------------------------------------Legend: X = Don't care =================================================================== Graphics Controller Mode, Port 3CFh, Index 05h, Read/Write This register defines the current operating modes for the VGC. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6 256-Color Mode 0 = Bit <5> controls shift register loading 1 = Shift registers loaded in 256-color format (8 shift registers x 4 bits) 5 0 = Video output data is serialized and sent to the attribute controller 1 = Video output data is serialized with even-numbered bits from even-numbered planes and odd-numbered bits from odd-numbered planes (Modes 4 and 5 only). 4 Odd/Even Bit 0 = CPU reads data sequentially from the planes 1 = Even CPU addresses access planes 0 and 2. Odd CPU addresses access planes 1 and 3. Normally, this value is the same as bit <2> of the Sequencer Memory Mode register. 3 0 = Read Mode 0. The CPU reads the memory plane selected by the Graphics Controller Read Plane Select register, unless bit <3> (Chain 4) of the Sequencer Memory Mode register = 1. 1 = Read Mode 1. The CPU reads the results of the comparison between the Video memory byte and the Graphics Controller Color Compare register. 2 Reserved 1,0 00 = Write Mode 0. CPU or Data Set/Reset register output is written to video memory. 01 = Write Mode 1. Latch data is written to video memory. 10 = Write Mode 2. Plane n is filled with data bit <n>. 11 = Write Mode 3. The addressed byte in each plane is filled with the value of the corresponding bits of the Set/Reset register. The Enable Set/Reset register has no effect. Rotated CPU data is ANDed with Bit Mask register. In Write Modes 0 and 3, the rotate count from the Graphics Controller Data Rotate register is applied to the CPU data. The logic function specified in the Data Rotate register is applied to the data and latches in all write modes except Write Mode 1, in which data is not affected. Except in Mode 3, bits not selected by the Graphics Controller Bit Mask register receive their value from the latches. The latches are loaded when the CPU performs a video memory read operation. Setting bit <5> to "1," facilitates the bit packing required by BIOS Modes 4 and 5 (320 x 200). Graphics Controller Miscellaneous, Port 3CFh, Index 06h, Read/Write This register defines some miscellaneous functions of the graphics controller. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3,2 Video RAM address mapping Starting Memory Address Size (KB) -------------------------00 = A0000h 128 01 = A0000h 64 10 = B0000h 32 11 = B8000h 32 1 0 = CPU address A0 is used as video memory address bit <0> 1 = CPU address A0 is replaced by a higher CPU bit or the page select bit (bit <5>) from the Control and Status Miscellaneous Output register. 0 0 = Text mode enabled 1 = Graphics mode enabled If the video display controller is mapped at A0000h and the video memory size is 128 Kbytes, no other video display controller board can be in the system because video memory conflict occurs. Graphics Controller Color Don't Care, Port 3CFh, Index 07h, Read/Write This register specifies which planes are ignored during a color comparison between the Graphics Controller Color Compare register and the value in video memory. When a plane is ignored, the comparison result is always a match for that plane. This register is used only when the graphics controller is in Read Mode 1. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3 0 = Plane 3 is ignored 1 = Plane 3 is included in the comparison 2 0 = Plane 2 is ignored 1 = Plane 2 is included in the comparison 1 0 = Plane 1 is ignored 1 = Plane 1 is included in the comparison 0 0 = Plane 0 is ignored 1 = Plane 0 is included in the comparison Graphics Controller Bit Mask, Port 3CFh, Index 08h, Read/Write This register contains a mask pattern that determines whether CPU data or graphics controller latch data is written to video memory. Any bit rotations or logic operations occur before the masking operation and before the write to video memory takes place. Bits set to "0" in this register cause the corresponding graphics controller latch bit to be written to video memory. This is equivalent to leaving the bit unchanged. Bits set to "1" in this register allow the results of the write mode operation (see Graphics mode register, R05) to be written to memory. In 256-color packed pixel graphic configurations (mode 2Eh), this register behaves as a color bit plane mask register and can also be referred to as the Color Plane Write Mask Register. Each bit corresponds to a color bit plane in planar view mode. Bits with a value of "1" enable writes; bits with a value of "0" disable writes to that bit plane. In Mode 12, the programmer may need to mask certain planes with the VGA bit mask. It is necessary to set the appropriate bits in the VGA bit mask, perform a CPU read to load the read latches with video memory data, and then perform the CPU write. The VGA bit mask then selects between data in the read latches and CPU data. However, in Mode 2Eh the CPU read is automatically performed by the hardware whenever the VGA bit mask is not FFh. Graphics Controller Read Control, Port 3CFh, Index 41h, Read/Write This is an 8-bit read/write register. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..3 Reserved 2..0 Selects one 000 = Plane 001 = Plane : 111 = Plane of eight bit planes for planar read: 0 1 7 Graphics Controller Foreground Color, Port 3CFh, Index 43h, Read/Write This 8-bit register is used in color-expand write and transparent write modes. The pixel is written with the content of this register if the corresponding bit of the CPU data is "1". Graphics Controller Background Color, Port 3CFh, Index 44h, Read/Write This 8-bit register is used in color-expand write mode. The pixel is written with the content of this register when the corresponding bit of the CPU data is "0". Raster Operation 3, Port 33C2h, Read/Write This register specifies the two-operand raster operation for combining source pixels with destination pixels of plane 3. There is a separate ROP register for each plane. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3 RB3 2 RB2 1 RB1 0 RB0 Table 8-8 shows the result of each operation: Table 8-8. Raster Operations ============================================== Raster Operation Register RRRR BBBB 3210 ---------------------------------------------0000 0 0001 ! (D+S) 0010 D* ! S 0011 !S 0100 ! D *S 0101 ! D 0110 D XOR S 0111 ! (D*S) 1000 D*S 1001 D XNOR S 1010 D 1011 ! D +S 1100 S 1101 ! D +S 1110 D+S 1111 1 ---------------------------------------------Legend: D = Destination (Read Latch) S = Source (R/L) ! = Not * = And + = Or ============================================== Raster Operation 2, Port 33C3h, Read/Write This register specifies the two-operand ROP for combining source pixels with destination pixels of plane 2. The result of the ROP is the same as ROP3. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3 RB3 2 RB2 1 RB1 0 RB0 Raster Operation 1, Port 33C4h, Read/Write This register specifies the two operand ROP for combining source pixels with destination pixels of plane 1. The result of the ROP is the same as ROP3. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3 RB3 2 RB2 1 RB1 0 RB0 Raster Operation 0, Port 33C5h, Read/Write This register specifies the two-operand ROP for combining source pixels with destination pixels of plane 0. The result of the ROP is the same as ROP3. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3 RB3 2 RB2 1 RB1 0 RB0 Raster Operation A, Port 33C7h, Write Only The data written to this address is written to all four ROP registers. This allows the programmer a way to fast load the ROP registers if the same data is needed for all four planes. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3 RB3 2 RB2 1 RB1 0 RB0 CRT Controller Registers The CRT controller is a powerful, programmable, large-scale integrated circuit, which generates the majority of the signals required to produce a video display. The programmability of the CRT controller allows it to operate with a variety of monitors and in different operating modes. The CRT controller contains internal working registers and counters that are not accessible by the CPU. The values in the CRT controller's counters are continually compared with the values written to the indexed registers. When the counter value matches the value of the indexed register, a signal or process begins or ends. Most of the CRT controller registers control the placement of the display on the screen: centering, number of characters, scanlines, amount of blanking, and so on. Some register descriptions give the register contents in terms of a variable value n. For some registers, you are instructed to subtract a constant value from the value for n and place the resulting value in the register. This process is required for proper operation of the CRT controller. Table 8-9 lists the CRT Controller registers, their addresses, and their indexes. Table 8-9. CRT Controller Registers ========================================================================= == Address Register Read/Write -------------------------------------------------------------------------3x4h Index R/W 3x5h Data R/W 00h Horizontal Total R/W 01h Horizontal Display End R/W 02h Start Horizontal Blank R/W 03h End Horizontal Blank R/W 04h Start Horizontal Sync (retrace) R/W 05h End Horizontal Sync (retrace) R/W 06h Vertical Total R/W 07h Overflow R/W 08h Preset Row Scan R/W 09h Maximum Scanline R/W 0Ah Cursor Start R/W 0Bh Cursor End R/W 0Ch Start Address High R/W 0Dh Start Address Low R/W 0Eh Cursor Location High R/W 0Fh Cursor Location Low R/W 10h Vertical Sync Start R/W 11h Vertical Sync End R/W 12h Vertical Display End R/W 13h Offset R/W 14h Underline Location R/W 15h Start Vertical Blank R/W 16h End Vertical Blank R/W 17h Mode R/W 18h Line Compare R/W 3CF.42h Overflow Register 1 R/W ========================================================================= == CRT Controller Index, Port 3x4h, Read/Write This register serves as a pointer to the CRT controller's internal registers. The Index register can be addressed as port 3B4h for the monochrome mode and as port 3D4h for the color/graphics modes. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Reserved 5 0 (Test bit for IC testing; writable) 4..0 access Value indicates destination register of next CRT controller The values for bits <4..0> and their associated functions are shown in Table 8-10. Table 8-10. CRT Controller Indexes ========================================================================= == Index Bits Read/Write Register Function 4 3 2 1 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------00h 0 0 0 0 0 R/W Horizontal Total 01h 0 0 0 0 1 R/W Horizontal Display End 02h 0 0 0 1 0 R/W Start Horizontal Blank 03h 0 0 0 1 1 R/W End Horizontal Blank 04h 0 0 1 0 0 R/W Start Horizontal Sync 05h 0 0 1 0 1 R/W End Horizontal Sync 06h 0 0 1 1 0 R/W Vertical Total 07h 0 0 1 1 1 R/W Overflow 08h 0 1 0 0 0 R/W Preset Row Scan 09h 0 1 0 0 1 R/W Maximum Scanline -------------------------------------------------------------------------Index Bits Read/Write Register Function 4 3 2 1 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------0Ah 0 1 0 1 0 R/W Cursor Start 0Bh 0 1 0 1 1 R/W Cursor End 0Ch 0 1 1 0 0 R/W Start Address High (MSB) 0Dh 0 1 1 0 1 R/W Start Address Low (LSB) 0Eh (MSB) 0 1 1 1 0 R/W Cursor Location High 0Fh 0 1 1 1 1 R/W Cursor Location Low (LSB) 10h 1 0 0 0 0 R/W Vertical Sync Start 11h 1 0 0 0 1 R/W Vertical Sync End 12h 1 0 0 1 0 R/W Vertical Display End 13h 1 0 0 1 1 R/W Offset 14h 1 0 1 0 0 R/W Underline Location 15h 1 0 1 0 1 R/W Start Vertical Blank 16h 1 0 1 1 0 R/W End Vertical Blank 17h 1 0 1 1 1 R/W Mode Control 18h 1 1 0 0 0 R/W Line Compare -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE: Indexes 19h - 27h may return random values; 28h - 3Fh are always read back as FFh. ========================================================================= == CRT Controller Horizontal Total, Port 3x5h, Index 00h, Read/Write This register defines the total number of character times in a horizontal scan interval, including the retrace period. If n is the total number of character times, the contents of this register should be n - 5. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Total number of character times, (n) minus 5 CRT Controller Horizontal Display End, Port 3x5h, Index 01h, Read/Write This register determines the duration of the Horizontal Display Enable signal as the total number of displayed characters. If n is the total number of character times, the contents of this register should be n - 1. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Total number of character times, (n) minus 1 CRT Controller Start Horizontal Blank, Port 3x5h, Index 02h, Read/Write This register specifies, in character times, the point where horizontal blanking begins. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Horizontal blanking begins when these bits equal the value in the internal horizontal-character counter. CRT Controller End Horizontal Blank, Port 3x5h, Index 03h, Read/Write This register specifies, in character times, when horizontal blanking ends; it also specifies a skew amount for the Display Enable (DE) signal. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 (Test bit for IC testing; writable) 6,5 Skew 00 = 01 = 10 = 11 = of the DE signal, in character times 0 1 2 3 4..0 Horizontal blanking ends when these five bits equal the last five bits of the horizontal-character counter. The maximum blanking signal width (difference between blank start and end) is 31 character times. CRT Controller Start Horizontal Sync, Port 3x5h, Index 04h, Read/Write This register specifies, in character times, the starting point for the horizontal sync period. This register centers the display horizontally by changing the horizontal sync position. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Horizontal sync period begins when these bits equal the value in the internal horizontal-character counter. CRT Controller End Horizontal Sync, Port 3x5h, Index 05h, Read/Write This register specifies, in character times, the point where the horizontal sync period ends, and a skew amount for the horizontal sync signal. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Bit <5> of End Horizontal Blank (other five bits in R03) 6,5 Horizontal sync delay 00 = 0 01 = 1 10 = 2 11 = 3 4..0 The horizontal sync period ends when these five bits equal the last five bits of the horizontal-character counter. CRT Controller Vertical Total, Port 3x5h, Index 06h, Read/Write This register contains the eight least-significant bits of the 10-bit total number of horizontal scans in a vertical interval (display plus retrace). Bits <8, 9> are defined in the CRT Controller Overflow register. The value loaded into this register is n - 2, where n is the total number of horizontal scanlines. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Eight least-significant bits of total vertical scanline counter CRT Controller Overflow, Port 3x5h, Index 07h, Read/Write This register contains bit <8>, or bit <8> and bit <9>, the most-significant bits of other CRT Controller registers. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Bit <9> of the Start Vertical Sync register R10 6 Bit <9> of the End Vertical Display register R12 5 Bit <9> of the Vertical Total register R06 4 Bit <8> of the Line Compare register R18 Bit <9> located in Max. Scanline register R09 3 Bit <8> of the Start Vertical Blank register R15 Bit <9> located in Max. Scanline register R09 2 Bit <8> of the Start Vertical Sync register R10 1 Bit <8> of the End Vertical Display register R12 0 Bit <8> of the Vertical Total register R06 CRT Controller Preset Row Scan, Port 3x5h, Index 08h, Read/Write This register specifies the first displayed scanline after a vertical retrace. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6,5 Byte Panning Control 4..0 Enable The scanline counter is loaded with this value when Display becomes active. This register can be used to implement smooth pixel scrolling in the vertical direction. The maximum preset row scan is limited to 31 pixels (five bits). This value should not exceed the maximum scanline value, or unpredictable results may occur. NOTE: The value in the Preset Row Scan register is latched in the CRT controller at the start of vertical retrace. Therefore, this register should be updated by software prior to the start of the vertical retrace period. In multiple shift modes, the Byte Panning Control bits are extensions of pixel panning functions. This allows panning across the width of the video in larger increments. CRT Controller Maximum Scanline, Port 3x5h, Index 09h, Read/Write This register defines the number of scanlines per character. If n equals the number of scanlines per character, load this register with n - 1. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Line double bit for 200 - 400 line conversions 0 = Normal, HS = Row scanline counter clock 1 = Line double, row scan count clock = HS/2 6 Bit <9> of the Line Compare register R18 Bit <8> located in Overflow register R07 5 Bit <9> of the Start Vertical Blank register R15 Bit <8> located in Overflow register R07 4..0 Number of scanlines per character n minus 1 Character height is limited to 32 scanlines. CRT Controller Cursor Start, Port 3x5h, Index 0Ah, Read/Write This register defines the starting scanline for the cursor. If the starting scanline exceeds the maximum scanline, the cursor is invisible. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Reserved 5 Cursor Enable 1 = Cursor OFF 0 = Cursor ON 4..0 To start on scanline n, set to n - 1 If starting after the end, no cursor is generated. CRT Controller Cursor End, Port 3x5h, Index 0Bh, Read/Write This register specifies the last scanline for the cursor and a skew amount for the cursor signal. If n equals the ending scanline value for the cursor, load bits <4..0> of the Cursor End register with n + 1. When n + 1 exceeds the maximum scanline (as defined in the Maximum Scanline register), and the starting scanline value is non-zero, load bits <4..0> with zero. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6,5 Skew 00 = 01 = 10 = 11 = of the cursor signal, in character times 0 1 2 3 4..0 The cursor ends when these five bits equal the n character scanline counter. CRT Controller Start Address High, Port 3x5h, Index 0Ch, Read/Write This register specifies the eight most significant bits of the 16-bit starting address of displayed video memory. The eight least significant bits are stored in the Start Address Low register, Index 0Dh (see NOTE). BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Most significant byte of video memory start address NOTE: The values in the Start Address High and Start Address Low registers are latched in the CRT controller at the end of vertical retrace. Therefore, these registers should be updated by software prior to the end of the vertical retrace period. CRT Controller Start Address Low, Port 3x5h, Index 0Dh, Read/Write This register specifies the eight least significant bits of the 16-bit starting address of displayed video memory. The eight most significant bits are stored in the Start Address High register, Index 0Ch (see NOTE). BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Least significant byte of video memory start address NOTE: The values in the Start Address High and Start Address Low registers are latched in the CRT controller at the end of vertical retrace. Therefore, these registers should be updated by software prior to the end of the vertical retrace period. CRT Controller Cursor Location High, Port 3x5h, Index 0Eh, Read/Write This register defines the eight most significant bits of the 16-bit video memory address for the cursor. The eight least significant bits of this register are in the Cursor Location Low register, Index 0Fh. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Most significant byte of the cursor video memory address CRT Controller Cursor Location Low, Port 3x5h, Index 0Fh, Read/Write This register defines the eight least significant bits of the 16-bit video memory address for the cursor. The eight most significant bits of this register are in the Cursor Location High register, Index 0Eh. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Least significant byte of the cursor video memory address CRT Controller Vertical Sync Start, Port 3x5h, Index 10h, Read/Write This register contains the eight least significant bits of the 10-bit value that specifies the starting scanline for the vertical sync period. This value can be used to center the screen vertically by changing the vertical sync position. Bits <8> and <9> of this value are located in the Overflow register R07. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 The vertical sync period begins when the 10-bit Vertical Sync start address bits equal the last 10 bits of the scanline counter. CRT Controller Vertical Sync End, Port 3x5h, Index 11h, Read/Write This register contains the 4-bit value that specifies the ending scanline for the vertical sync period. Vertical interrupts occur at the start of the vertical-blanking period, not the start of the vertical-sync period. Vertical interrupts do not actually occur, but a status bit is available in Status 0 register, to indicate a vertical sync has occurred. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Protect R00 through R07 0 = Enable write access to R0 through R7 1 = Write protect R0 through R7 Special Case: R7 bit <4> overflow of line compare R18 is not protected 6 Select 5 Refresh Cycles 0 = 3 cycles (Normal VGA) per scanline 1 = 5 cycles per scanline Reset to normal VGA by BIOS during mode set or by power reset 5 0 = Vertical interrupt enabled 1 = Vertical interrupt disabled 4 0 = Resets the CRT controller interrupt bit in Status 0 register 1 = Normal condition; interrupts can occur if enabled in bit <5> 3..0 four The vertical sync period ends when this 4-bit value equals the LSBs of the scanline counter after VS has started. When bits <4> and <5> are being changed, the other bits should not be changed. CRT Controller Vertical Display End, Port 3x5h, Index 12h, Read/Write This register contains the eight least significant bits of the 10-bit value that specifies the total number of displayed scanlines. If n equals the total number of displayed scanlines, load this register with n - 1. Bits <8> and <9> are stored in the Overflow register. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Eight least significant bits of 10-bit value CRT Controller Offset, Port 3x5h, Index 13h, Read/Write This register defines the logical line width or logical window size. The starting memory address for the next displayable row, character, or scanline is greater than the current row address by this amount. The value is in words or double-words (dword), based on the CRT clocking mode. This register is used in conjunction with the Horizontal Panning registers to provide smooth panning. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Value specifies logical window width CRT Controller Underline Location, Port 3x5h, Index 14h, Read/Write This register specifies which character scanline is used for underlining, which is active in all text modes. When the character scanline specified for underlining is set to a value greater than the maximum scanline, no underline occurs. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6 Double-word mode 0 = Addressing controlled by bit <6> of R17 1 = Memory addresses or double-word addresses, causes address to be divided by four, and overrides bit <6> of R17 5 Count by four 0 = Memory address counter is clocked by character clock 1 = Memory address counter is clocked by character clock/4. Use only when double-word address is used. 4..0 Value specifies which character scanline is used for the underline. CRT Controller Start Vertical Blank, Port 3x5h, Index 15h, Read/Write This register contains the eight least significant bits of the 10-bit Start Vertical Blank value. Bit <8> is stored in the Overflow register. Vertical blanking begins when the 10-bit value is one less than the last 10 bits of the scanline counter. Bit <9> is located in the Maximum Scanline register (Port 3x5h, Index 09h). BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Eight least significant bits of 10-bit Start Vertical Blank value. It is loaded with n - 1, where n is the Start Vertical Blank value. CRT Controller End Vertical Blank, Port 3x5h, Index 16h, Read/Write This register specifies the ending scanline of the vertical blanking period. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 The vertical blanking period ends when these bits coincide with the eight least significant bits of the scanline counter. CRT Controller Mode Control, Port 3x5h, Index 17h, Read/Write This register defines various CRT controller operating modes. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 0 = Horizontal and vertical syncs are disabled 1 = Horizontal and vertical syncs are enabled 6 Word/byte mode select controls the memory addressing mode 0 = Selects word mode, shifts all memory addresses up by one and replaces bit <0> with MSB 1 = Selects byte addressing mode and addressing is passed through; this bit has control only when bit <6> of R14 = "0" 5 Address wrap controls address bit <0> in word mode 0 = Selects address bit <13> as LSB (if not in word mode, MA0 through MSB) 1 = Selects address bit <15> as LSB 4 Reserved 3 0 = Display memory address increments once per character clock pulse 1 = Display memory address increments after every other character clock pulse; used to create byte or word refresh address 2 0 = Vertical timing counter increments once per horizontal sync pulse (normal) 1 = Vertical timing counter increments after every other horizontal sync pulse; Vertical Counter has 1024 scanline capability (10 bits in Vertical total); this bit allows up to 2048 scanlines 1 0 = Substitute address bit <1> for bit <14> during active display cycles 1 = No substitution 0 0 = Substitute address bit <0> for bit <13> during active display cycles 1 = No substitution CRT Controller Line Compare, Port 3x5h, Index 18h, Read/Write This register contains the eight least-significant bits of a 10-bit value that specifies a scanline count where the video memory address is to be reset to zero. This register generates horizontally split screens (windows) on the display. For normal non-split display, this 10-bit value should be set to its maximum (3FFh). Bit <8> of this register is located in the Overflow register. Bit <9> is in the Maximum Scanline register, (Port 3x5h, Index 09h). BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Eight least significant bits of the 10-bit scanline compare value CRT Controller Overflow Register 1, Port 3CFh, Index 42h, Read/Write This 8-bit register extends the CRTC offset and CRTC start address VGA registers so that up to 1 megabyte of video memory can be addressed. The bits are defined as shown below. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3,2 Extended bits 17-16 of the CRTC Start Address Register. Allows paging through the entire frame buffer. Cleared by resetting the Sequencer to be compatible with standard VGA modes. 1,0 Extended bits 9-8 of the CRTC Offset Register. Allows the line pitch to be set to 1024 bytes. Cleared by resetting the Sequencer to be compatible with standard VGA modes. Attribute Controller Registers The Attribute Controller Index and Data registers are accessed through a single port, 3C0h. An internal latch in the attribute controller determines whether the Index register or the Data register is being accessed. Accesses to this port alternate on output to 3C0h between the Index and Data registers. Before accessing port 3C0h, reset the internal latch to a known state by reading port 3xAh (Input Status 1 register). The first write to the attribute controller is to the Index register. NOTE: Reads from port 3C1h do not toggle the latch to point back to the Index register for the next write. Therefore, the sequence for reading attribute controller registers sequentially is as follows: Read 3xAh: Write 3C0h: Read 3C1h: Read 3xAh: Write 3C0h: : etc.... reset the latch load the Index register, toggle the latch read the data reset load..... read..... Table 8-11 lists the Attribute Controller registers, their addresses and their indexes. The data register value can be read from port 3C1h. Table 8-11. Attribute Controller Registers ==================================================== Address Register Read/Write ---------------------------------------------------3C0h Index R/W 3C0h Data W 00h Palette 0 W 01h Palette 1 W 02h Palette 2 W 03h Palette 3 W 04h Palette 4 W 05h Palette 5 W 06h Palette 6 W 07h Palette 7 W 08h Palette 8 W 09h Palette 9 W 0Ah Palette 10 W 0Bh Palette 11 W 0Ch Palette 12 W 0Dh Palette 13 W 0Eh Palette 14 W 0Fh Palette 15 W 10h Mode Control W 11h Overscan Color W 12h Color Plane Enable W 13h Horizontal Pixel Panning W 14h Color Select W ==================================================== Attribute Controller Index, Port 3C0h, Read/Write This is an Index register that points to other Attribute Controller registers. If the Palette registers are accessed by the system, all the color outputs go to zero, thereby blanking the display. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 00 Reserved 5 0 = CPU has access to the Palette registers (Video OFF). 1 = Attribute controller has access to the Palette registers (Video ON). (This bit should only be changed during retrace time. If this bit is a "1," the Palette registers cannot be read.) 4..0 Value points to destination Attribute Controller Registers Index Value Register Function -------------------------------------00h Palette 0 . . . . 0Fh Palette 15 10h Mode Control 11h Overscan Color 12h Color Plane Enable 13h Horizontal Pixel Panning 14h Color Select 15h..1Fh Reserved Video can be switched to OVERSCAN colors by manipulating bit <5>. Attribute Controller Palette 0..15, Port 3C0h, Index 00h..0Fh, Write Only (Read at 3C1h) This palette is included for compatibility with software written for the EGA and its monitors. For full-range control of colors, alter the Color Select register and Color Lookup Table. Sixteen 6-bit registers compose the color palette. Each register specifies which color (or monochrome intensity) is to be displayed for a given attribute or color code. Depending on the operating mode, the Palette register bits can specify one of 64 colors in an enhanced color (RrGgBb) mode, one of 16 colors in an RGBI color mode, or one of three intensities in a monochrome mode. The Palette registers should be modified only during blanking periods to avoid video noise, or "glitches" in the display. BIT FUNCTION ---------------- 7,6 5 P6/P7 Reserved EGA Operating Mode ----------------------------------------------Enhanced RGBI Monochrome Color Color ----------------------------------------------Secondary Red P5 0 0 4 Secondary Green P4 Intensity Intensity 3 Secondary Blue P3 0 Video 2 Primary Red P2 Red 0 1 Primary Green P1 Green 0 0 Primary Blue P0 Blue 0 Attribute Controller Mode Control, Port 3C0h, Index 10h, Read/Write This register defines various attribute controller operating modes. In the text modes, the intensity/blink select bit changes the meaning of bit <7> of the character-attribute byte, so that bit <7> is either the background intensity bit or the blink bit. In the graphics modes, the intensity/blink select bit changes the meaning of bit <3>, so that it is either part of the color information or the blink bit. The blink rate is fixed at 32 vertical periods. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 P4, P5 Select 0 = Palette 1 = Color Select register, R14h, bits <0> and <1> 6 Pixel Width 0 = All modes except mode 13 1 = Mode 13; eight bits to VDAC for 256-color mode 5 Pixel Panning Compatibility 0 = Line compare has no effect on Pixel Panning 1 = Successful line compare causes Pixel Panning to terminate until next vertical sync 4 Reserved, Read only 3 Intensity/Blink Bit In the Text mode (background) 0 = Intensity attribute selected 1 = Blink attribute selected In the Graphics mode 0 = Color attribute selected 1 = Blink attribute selected 2 In the 9-dot mode 0 = 9th dot matches background 1 = 9th dot is duplicate of 8th dot for ASCII codes C0h..DFh 1 0 = Attribute byte interpreted as color attributes 1 = Attribute byte interpreted as monochrome attributes 0 0 = Attribute controller treats data as text 1 = Attribute controller treats data as graphics Attribute Controller Overscan Color, Port 3C0h, Index 11h, Write Only (Read at 3C1h) This register defines a border or overscan color by selecting one of the 256-color Lookup Table registers that contain the R, G, and B values for that color. This feature is not supported in 40-column text or 320-pixel Graphics modes, except Mode 13. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Color code (00h..FFh) Attribute Controller Color Plane Enable, Port 3C0h, Index 12h, Write Only (Read at 3C1h) This register controls access to the color planes and selects which color planes are read from Input Status 1 register. If bit <4> of this register is set, all six color outputs are high impedance (all white video); however, the values gated to Input Status 1 register will be correct, because they are gated before the highimpedance buffers. The values loaded into Input Status 1 register are gated after the blanking logic; during a blanking period the gated values are blanked (reset to zero) also. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Reserved 5,4 Video bit MUX select. These two bits control which two video bits are reflected in bits <5> and <4> of the Input Status 1 register. Input Status 1 Register ----------------------MUX 5 4 ----------------------00 P2 P0 01 P5 P4 10 P3 P1 11 P7 P6 3 Attribute Controller Access to Plane 3 0 = Disabled 1 = Enabled 2 Attribute Controller Access to Plane 2 0 = Disabled 1 = Enabled 1 Attribute Controller access to Plane 1 0 = Disabled 1 = Enabled 0 Attribute Controller access to Plane 0 0 = Disabled 1 = Enabled Attribute Controller Horizontal Pixel Panning, Port 3C0h, Index 13h, Write Only (Read at 3C1h) This register specifies the number of pixels by which the display is to be shifted to the left in any display mode. This is not a wraparound shift. In the 256-color mode, maximum shift is three pixels. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3..0 Values range from 0 to 7 for 8-dot display modes and from 0 to 8 for 9-dot modes. Value 0 1 2 3 4 5 8-Dot 9-Dot Mode Mode Mode 13 -------------------------------Pixels Pixels Pixels Shifted Shifted Shifted 0 1 0 1 2 2 3 1 3 4 4 5 2 5 6 - 6 7 8 6 7 - 7 8 0 3 - The Horizontal Pixel Panning register should be updated only during the vertical retrace period. Attribute Controller Color Select, Port 3C0h, Index 14h, Write Only (Read at 3C1h) This register allows rapid color switching by applying additional color selection bits to the VDAC. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Reserved 3, 2 P7, P6 These are the two high-order bits to the VDAC (P6, P7) except in Mode 13. They allow switching between four sets of palettes. 1 P5 substitute Refer to bit <7> of the Attribute Mode Control register. They (P4 and P5) allow rapid color switching. 0 P4 substitute In all modes except 13, there are two high-order bits (P6, P7) to the VDAC. These bits allow four sets of palettes. Bits <0> and <1> substitute for P4 and P5 (see Attribute Mode Control register R10h, bit <7>). They allow rapid color switching, especially with 16-color CGA applications. Video DAC Registers The Video DAC provides analog RGB signal capability, allowing up to 224 possible color combinations to be displayed on an analog RGB monitor. The Video DAC registers provide three functions to be performed on the Video DAC palette: reading the palette, writing to the palette, and masking the palette. Table 8-14 lists the VDAC registers and their addresses. Table 8-12. Video DAC Registers ========================================================================= == Address Register Read/Write -------------------------------------------------------------------------3C6h Pixel Mask R/W 3C7h VDAC State R 3C7h Pixel Address (Read Mode) W 3C8h Pixel Address (Write Mode) R/W 3C9h Pixel Data R/W 83C6h DAC Command Register 0 R/W ========================================================================= == The Video DAC State register (3C7h Read) is not a function of the video DAC chip; it is an extra function provided by the VGC circuitry. For compatibility with EGA modes, the first 16-palette map locations produce EGA-compatible colors. The next 16-palette map locations produce 16 evenly spaced gray shades. The rest of the palette is loaded with colors based on a hue-saturation-intensity model which provides a wide range of generic color sets. Writes to video DAC at 3C8h indicate that a write sequence will occur, consisting of three successive writes at 3C9h: six (or 8) LSBs of red, then of green, then of blue. Video DAC then transfers 18 (or 24) bits to a location in the palette pointed to by the Address register. The Address register auto-incrementing can repeat if desired. Writes to video DAC at 3C7h indicate that a read sequence will occur, consisting of three successive reads at 3C9h: six (or 8) LSBs of red, then of green, then of blue. Video DAC then transfers 18 (or 24) bits to a temporary Read register pointed to by the Address register. The Address register auto-incrementing can repeat if desired. Read at 3C7h Bits <0> and <1> = 0 (DAC in read mode) Bits <0> and <1> = 1 (DAC in write mode) Reading at 3C8h or 3C7h has no effect on video DAC operations and may occur at any time. Normal Video Palette Accessing The unit may first need to be disabled, in case any concurrently running programs change the state of the video DAC. 1. 2. 3. 4. Disable interrupts Set 6- or 8-bit DAC Mode Address --> Address register at 3C8h Read or write 3 bytes of data at 3C9h 5. 6. Repeat process as desired Enable interrupts When writing to the Palette registers, it is recommended that you wait for assertion BLANK to DAC retrace interval (Input Status 1 register) or screen off bit (Sequencer Clock Mode R01). Note that BIOS provides Read/Write interfaces to the video DAC. Writing to Mask registers may cause corruption of palette data. External Palette (in Video DAC) The first 16 locations are compatible with the other modes (that is, are not changed). The second 16 locations are 16 evenly spaced gray shades. The next 216 locations are loaded based on a hue-saturation-intensity model, which provides a wide-range generic color set. Video DAC Pixel Mask, Port 3C6h, Read/Write The Pixel Mask register is used to mask selected bits of the Pixel Address value applied to the Pixel Address input. A "0" in any bit of the Mask register will mask the respective address bit to a zero, while a "1" will leave the bit unaltered. This register does not affect the Pixel Address generated by the microprocessor interface when the Lookup Table is being accessed. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Pixel Address Mask 0 = Address bit masked to 0 1 = Address bit unaltered Video DAC State, Port 3C7h, Read The Video DAC State register is an extension of the Video DAC feature. It provides status information on the current Video DAC read or write state. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..2 Reserved 1,0 State Status 00 = Currently in Write mode 11 = Currently in Read mode Video DAC Pixel Address (Read Mode), Port 3C7h, Write Writing to the Video DAC Pixel Address (Read mode) will initiate a read cycle from the address value written. The next three read operations from the Video DAC Data register will contain the 18-bit (or 24-bit) data from the Color Palette. (Refer to the Video DAC Data register for details.) After the three data bytes are read, the palette address will increment, and the next three bytes of palette data can be read. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Palette address where data is to be read Video DAC Pixel Address (Write Mode), Port 3C8h, Read/Write Writing to the Video DAC Pixel Address (Write mode) will initiate a write cycle to the address value written. The next three write operations to the Video DAC Data register will contain the 18-bit (or 24-bit) data to the Color Palette. (Refer to the Video DAC Data register for details.) After the three data bytes are written, the palette address will increment, and the next three bytes of palette data can be written. Reading this register will provide the current palette address being read from or written to. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Palette address where data is to be written Video DAC Pixel Data, Port 3C9h, Read/Write The Video DAC Pixel Data register is used to read or write 18 (or 24) bits of palette data, depending on the mode of operation. The mode of operation is determined by a previous write to the Read Mode Pixel Address or the Write Mode Pixel Address. Data access to and from this register is in groups of three bytes. The first byte contains the value for the red signal, the second byte for the green signal, and the third byte for the blue signal. Only the six least-significant bits (in 6-bit DAC mode) contain data for each byte access. In 8-bit DAC mode, all 8 bits are used for pixel data. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Reserved 5..0 Palette Data First of the sequence = Red data Second of the sequence = Green data Third of the sequence = Blue data DAC Command Register 0, Port 83C6h, Read/Write The Video DAC Command Register at address 83C6h is used to select 6-/8bit mode. The appropriate settings are indicated below. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..2 Reserved 1 6-/8-bit mode select: 0 = 6-bit color mode (218 Palette) 1 = 8-bit color mode (224 Palette) 0 Reserved In switching between 6-bit and 8-bit modes, the Video DAC Command Register must be read first, bit 1 modified as desired, and then the new register contents written back to the register. This preserves the other bit settings of the Command Register. Switching to VGA modes other than mode 2Eh (through BIOS) causes this bit to be reset to 0. Bit Block Transfer Registers Table 8-13 summarizes the Bit Block Transfer Registers. Table 8-13. Bit Block Transfer Registers ========================================================================= == Address Register Read/Write -------------------------------------------------------------------------23C0,1h BLT Source Address (16-Bit) Register R/W 23C2h Bitmap Width (8-Bit) Register R/W 23C4,5h Bitmap Height (10-Bit) Register R/W 23C8,9h Bitmap Height Working 10-Bit Register R 23CA,Bh Bitmap Pitch (16-Bit) Register R/W 23CC,Dh Bitmap Destination Off (16-Bit) Register R/W 33C0h BLT Start Mask (8-Bit) Register R/W 33C1h BLT End Mask (8-Bit) Register R/W 33C8h BLT Rotation (3-Bit) Register R/W 33C9h BLT Skew Mask (8-Bit) Register R/W 33CAh Plane 0 (8-Bit) Register R/W 33CBh Plane 1 (8-Bit) Register R/W 33CCh Plane 2 (8-Bit) Register R/W 33CDh Plane 3 (8-Bit) Register R/W 33CEh BLT Command 0 (8-Bit) Register R/W 33CFh BLT Command 1 (8-Bit) Register R/W ========================================================================= == BitBLT Register Definitions BLT Source Address, Port 23C0,1h, Read/Write This is the low 16 bits of the dword address of the beginning of the source bitmap. The high order 2 bits are in BitBLT Height Register bits[15,14]. For Mode 12: This register contains the byte address for the beginning of the source bitmap. NOTE: This register is modified by the execution of a screen to screen copy. BIT FUNCTION ---------------15..0 Address of source bitmap Bitmap Width, Port 23C2h, Read/Write This register contains the bitmap width in number of dwords. For Mode 12: This register contains the width of the bitmap, in bytes, along a scan line. NOTE: This register is not modified by the execution of any BitBLT operation. BIT FUNCTION ---------------15..0 Destination bitmap width Bitmap Height, Port 23C4,5h, Read/Write This is the height, in scan lines, of both the source and destination bitmap. For Mode 2Eh, the six most significant bits are the high bits of the source address, destination address, and bitmap pitch, respectively. NOTE: This register is not modified by the execution of a screen-toscreen copy. BIT FUNCTION ---------------15,14 Mode 2Eh: Bit 16, 17 of BitBLT source address Mode 12: Reserved 13,12 Mode 2Eh: Bit 16, 17 of BitBLT destination offset Mode 12: Reserved 11,10 Mode 2Eh: Bit 16, 17 of Bitmap pitch Mode 12: Reserved 9..0 Mode 2Eh Bitmap Height Working, Port 23C8,9h, Read Only This register contains the number of scanlines remaining in the current BLT. BIT FUNCTION ---------------15..10 Reserved 9..0 Number of scanlines in BLT Bitmap Pitch, Port 23CA,Bh, Read/Write This is the low 16 bits of the bitmap pitch in dwords (dword-aligned). The high order 2 bits are in BitBLT Height Register bits[11,10]. The bitmap pitch is equal to the number of dwords from the beginning of one scan line to the beginning of the next scan line. This pitch can be programmed to cause the address to wrap, which effectively causes the direction of the BLT to go up the screen instead of down. This is a twos complement value. Negative values cause the BLT direction to proceed up the screen. This register contains the bitmap pitch in bytes for Mode 12. The value is represented within the full 16 bits of the register. NOTE: This register is not modified by the execution of a screen-toscreen copy. BIT FUNCTION ---------------15..0 Bitmap pitch Bitmap Destination Off, Port 23CC,Dh, Read/Write This is the low 16 bits of the 18-bit twos complement destination offset value. This register is programmed with the number of dwords from the dword-aligned source start byte address to the dword-aligned destination start byte address. The high order 2 bits are in BitBLT Height Register bits [13,12]. For Mode 12: This register contains the byte offset from the beginning of the source address to the destination bitmap. NOTE: This register is not modified by the execution of a screen-toscreen copy. BIT FUNCTION ---------------15..0 Offset to destination bitmap BLT Start Mask, Port 33C0h, Read/Write The four least significant bits serve as a byte mask for the first dword of the BitBLT transferred. For Mode 12: Pixel mask for first byte transferred. Only those specified pixels are modified in the first destination byte written for each scan line. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Mode 12: Pixel mask for first byte 1 = Byte in destination modified 0 = Byte in destination unmodified 7..4 Mode 2Eh: Reserved 3..0 Mode 2Eh: Byte mask for first double word. 1 = Byte in destination modified 0 = Byte in destination unmodified BLT End Mask, Port 33C1h, Read/Write The four least significant bits serve as a byte mask for the last dword of the BitBLT transferred. For Mode 12: Pixel mask for last byte transferred. Only those specified pixels are modified in the last destination byte written for each scan line. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Mode 12 Pixel mask for last byte 1 = Bits in destination modified 0 = Bits in destination unmodified 7..4 Mode 2Eh: Reserved 3..0 Mode 2Eh: Byte mask for last double word. 1 = Byte in destination modified 0 = Byte in destination unmodified BLT Rotation, (3-Bit) Port 33C8h, Read/Write This register provides phase alignment between the byte address of the source and the byte address of the destination. For both Modes 2Eh and 12, these three bits are the same bits as the least-significant bits located in the current VGA register 3CF.03. This is programmed with a value of: 4 - ((source byte start address - dest byte start address)&3) For Mode 12: Phase alignment between the bit address of the source and the bit address of the destination, modulo 8. The value of this register is equal to (8 - ((SRCX-DESX)&7))&7. BLT Skew Mask, (8-Bit) Port 33C9h, Read/Write The four least significant bits select current or previous source data. A "0" selects a current byte; a "1" selects a previous byte (of the four current bytes and four previous bytes source read). For Mode 12: This register does a bit-by-bit select between the current and previous source data. A "0" selects current data, while a "1" selects previous data. Plane (PReg0, PReg1, PReg2, PReg3) Registers, Ports 33CAh, 33CBh, 33CCh, 33CDh, Read/Write There are two sets of PReg0, PReg1, PReg2, PReg3. One is the primary set and the other is the secondary set. The two sets are located at 33CA, 33CB, 33CC, 33CD. Writing to these I/O locations results in the secondary set being loaded with previous values of the primary set and the primary set being loaded with the values programmed (providing that the source MUX selection SMX[3..0] is programmed with zeros). Only the primary set is accessed directly by the CPU. During the BitBLT process, the BLT engine alternately selects these two sets for pattern fill BLTs. The primary set is selected for the first memory transfer of a scan line. This way, a full eight 8-bit pixel pattern can be implemented using the BitBLT engine. Note that the secondary set is physically the same as the previous source data latches. (See the advanced VGC BitBLT engine block diagram for details.) As a result, their contents are destroyed after a screen-to-screen BLT. For Mode 12: These registers are used to store the source data for Plane n during screen-to-screen copies. During block fills, this register is loaded with the pattern that is block transferred to Plane n. BLT Command 0, Port 33CEh, Read/Write This register contains part of the control codes for the current engine operation. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved. Must write zeros. 6 HORIZONTAL DIRECTION (HDIR) When set to a "1", the BLT engine decrements to the next address, effectively blocking transferring from right to left and up, instead of left to right and down. 5 BYTE SWAP (BSW) When set to a "1", both reads and writes from the CPU are byte swapped. 4 SKIP DESTINATION (SKD) When set to a "1", tells the BLT engine that the destination bytes are not needed except for the fringe areas. This would normally be set for any operation that does not require any ROP function with the destination (ROP = 1100). 3 SKIP SOURCE (SKS) When set to a "1", tells the BLT engine that the source byte(s) are not needed. This would normally be used for a pattern fill. 2 SKIP LAST (SKL) When set to a "1" tells the BLT engine that the last source read is not needed. Conversely, a "0" means the last source byte is needed. 1 PRELOAD (PL) When set to a "1" tells the BLT engine that it should read two source bytes before doing a destination write. When set to a "0", only one source read is needed before a destination write can begin. 0 START/STOP (SS) When programmed to a "1", this causes the currently defined BLT to start. This bit is also the status of the current operation. It will be reset by the control engine back to a "0" when the current operation is finished. Programming this bit to a "0" will cause the BLT engine to halt at the next scanline, with this bit going to a "0" when that state has been reached. BLT Command 1, Port 33CFh, Read/Write This register contains part of the control codes for the current engine data path configuration. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Reserved. Must write zeros. 5 DISABLE SET/RESET REGISTERS (DSR) A one in this bit disables the Set/Reset logic of the current VGA Enable Set/Reset and Set/Reset registers. 4 RASTER OPERATION ENABLE (ROPE) A zero selects normal VGA source modification (Pass-Through, AND, OR, XOR). A one selects the ROP as described in the Raster Operations register. 3..0 SOURCE MULTIPLEXER SELECT BITS (SMX) The source data for each plane can come from several sources: from any of the four Source Latches, the output of the Color Compare Logic, or from the CPU. The source is selected according to the table below. Table 8-14. Source Data Selection ========================================================================= == SMX3 SMX2 SMX1 SMX0 Source Destination Plane BIT BIT BIT BIT 3 2 1 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------0 x x x Src Latch 3 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 Src Latch 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 Src Latch 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 Src Latch 2 2 2 2 1 0 1 1 Src Latch 3 3 3 3 1 1 x 0 Color Compare CC CC CC CC 1 1 x 1 CPU Latch CP CP CP CP -------------------------------------------------------------------------Legend: x = Don't Care CC = Color Compare Result CP = CPU Data ========================================================================= == COMPAQ-Specific Registers This section describes video-related I/O mapped registers that are specific to the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family. Table 8-15. COMPAQ-Specific Registers ========================================================================= == Address Register Read/Write -------------------------------------------------------------------------27C6h Screen Save Timeout Register R/W 03C6h Graphics Index Register R 03CF.09h Gray Scale RAM Address Reg. W 03CF.0Ah Gray Scale RAM Data Reg. R/W 83C6h RAMDAC Command Register R/W ========================================================================= == Screen Save Timeout Register, Port 0x27C6, Read/Write The Screen Save Timeout register is an 8-bit register that controls how long AVG circuitry will wait in the absence of system activity before blanking the CRT or powering down the panels. The Timeout Occurred bit goes active (1) if an event does not happen in time. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Timeout occurred (read only) 6 Reserved (1) 5..0 Timeout in minutes: 000000 = Disabled 000001 = 1 minute 000010 = 2 minutes . . 111111 = 63 minutes AVG circuitry Mode Register, Port 0x03CF:80, Read/Write This 7-bit register controls the type of panel/CRT combination that AVG circuitry will use to display video. It should be written at system configuration time to identify the panel type and mode of operation. BIT FUNCTION ---------------6 Eliminate 7<->5 5,4 Modulation 3,2 Panel Type: 00 = Reserved 01 = Monochrome LCD 10 = Black and white TFT LCD 11 = Color TFT LCD 1 LCD Power On: 0 = LCD is not powered 1 = LCD is powered 0 Panel Active: 0 = CRT display only 1 = LCD and/or CRT DAC Control Register, Port 03CF.81, Read/Write This 8-bit register controls certain functions in the gray scale conversion, the AVG circuitry palette RAM and the TFT modulation logic. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Color Round: 0 = Not to round (default) 1 = Output of the gray scale logic and input to the TFT processor are rounded toward positive infinity instead of being truncated. 6 Color Resolve: 0 = Not to resolve (default) 1 = Slightly non-zero output of the palette that normally would be truncated to produce black is mapped instead to produce the lowest color value. 5 Palette Coherency: 0 = Coherency disabled 1 = Palette RAM maintains coherency with external RAMDAC palette. 4,3 Reserved 2 TFT Modulation: 0 = Modulation disabled 1 = Modulation enabled (default) 1 RAMDAC Emulation: 0 = No emulation (default) 1 = All RAMDAC palette writes and reads are performed to and from palette RAM and external RAMDAC signals VWR and VRD are inhibited. AVG circuitry Miscellaneous Register, Port 03CF.8D, Read/Write BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Panel Powerdown/Screen Blank 0 = No powerdown or blanking 1 = CRT is blanked, (panel drivers are turned off, signal OF5 is active, and signal 26V (enable) is inactive. (default) 6 Enable Power Sequence 0 = Power sequencing of video ASIC is enabled (default) 1 = Power sequencing is disabled 5 Reserved 4 Panel Driver 0 = Drivers are off during blanking (default) 1 = Drivers are on during blanking 3..0 Reserved RAMDAC Command Register, Port 83C6, Read/Write BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6 Clock Enable 0 = Normal operation 1 = Inhibit clocking 5 Setup Select 0 = Setup pedestal is 0 IRE 1 = Setup pedestal is 7.5 IRE 4 Blue Sync 0 = Disabled 1 = Enabled 3 Green Sync 0 = Disabled 1 = Enabled 2 Red Sync 0 = Disabled 1 = Enabled 1 6-Bit/8-Bit 0 = 6-bit 1 = 8-bit 0 Sleep Enable 0 = Normal operation 1 = Sleep mode NOTE: A zero must be written to bit 7 when writing to this register to ensure proper operation. This register is not initialized during the RAMDAC powerup and is undefined until the first write access. 8.6 MODE-SPECIFIC REGISTER VALUES This section contains tables showing the specific values written by the BIOS to the registers for each of the BIOS modes. These values are provided for reference for the systems developer, who needs working examples of register programming. For proper operation, be sure that the environment is understood (that is, know the types of monitors connected to the controller and the timing that each display requires) before changing any of the default parameters in the registers. If the applications software is operating in a single-tasking operating system environment, it is strongly recommended that operating modes be set by making calls to BIOS INT 10h using AH = 00h (Set Mode). Adopting this practice lessens the dependence of the software on the particular type of video controller installed and monitor(s) attached. Table 8-16 and Table 8-17 show the initial register values for the BIOS modes. Table 8-17 shows the values specific to the 132-column modes. Cursor positions and other read only register values are not shown. Table 8-16. Initial Register Values (in Hexadecimal Notation) - Control and Status Registers ========================================================================= == Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E ========================================================================= == Control and Status Registers (Part 1 of 2): Miscellaneous Output 3C2h -- W 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 A6 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 Feature Control 3xAh -- W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP Input Status 0 3C2h -- R NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Input Status 1 3xAh -- R NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Video Subsystem Enable 46E8h -- R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP COMPAQ Config. 3CF 0B R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP Environment Status 3CF 0F R/W 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type F 10 F+ 10+ 0* 1* 2* 3* 0+ 2+ 7+ 11 12 13 2E -------------------------------------------------------------------------Control and Status Registers (Part 2 of 2): Miscellaneous Output 3C2h E3 -- W A2 A7 A2 63 63 63 A3 A3 63 63 63 67 E3 63 Feature Control 00 3xAh -- W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP Input Status 0 NA 3C2h -- R NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Input Status 1 NA 3xAh -- R NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Video Subsystem Enable 46E8h NP -- R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP COMPAQ Config. NP 0B R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP 3CF Environment Status 3CF 0F R/W 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 05 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Legend: NP - This register is not programmed during the setting of a BIOS mode. This register is set during the POST process and is never programmed by the BIOS again. NA - This is a read only type register that is not and cannot be programmed at any time since it is read only. 3xAh - This is the feature control port/input status one register address which is dependent on the mode of the adapter. The following shows the possible address values and the corresponding modes: 3BA - If the adapter is in the monochrome mode. 3DA - If the adapter is in the color/graphics mode. ========================================================================= == Table 8-16 (continued). Initial Register Values (in Hexadecimal Notation) - Sequencer Registers ========================================================================= == Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E ========================================================================= == Sequencer Registers (Part 1 of 2): Sequencer Index 3C4h -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX Reset 3C5h 00h R/W 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 Clocking Mode 3C5h 01h R/W 09 09 01 01 09 09 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 09 01 Map Mask 3C5h 02h R/W 03 03 03 03 03 03 01 03 03 03 03 03 03 0F 0F Character Map Select 3C5h 03h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Memory Mode 3C5h 04h R/W 02 02 02 02 02 02 06 02 02 02 02 02 02 06 06 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type F 10 F+ 10+ 0* 1* 2* 3* 0+ 2+ 7+ 11 12 13 2E -------------------------------------------------------------------------Sequencer Registers (Part 2 of 2): Sequencer Index IX Reset 03 Clocking Mode 01 Map Mask FF 3C4h -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX 3C5h 00h R/W 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 3C5h 01h R/W 05 05 01 01 09 09 01 01 09 00 00 00 01 01 3C5h 02h R/W 0F 0F 0F 0F 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 0F 0F Character Map Select 3C5h 00 03h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Memory Mode 3C5h 04h R/W 06 06 06 06 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 06 0E 0E -------------------------------------------------------------------------Legend: IX - This is an index type register; that is, this register is used to determine which of the other registers is accessed. This register changes continually during the programming process to access the other registers. ========================================================================= == Table 8-16 (continued). Initial Register Values (In Hexadecimal Notation) - CRT Controller Registers ========================================================================= == Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E ========================================================================= == CRT Controller Registers (Part 1 of 2): CRTC Index 3x4h -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX Horizontal Total 3x5h 00h R/W 2D 2D 5F 5F 2D 2D 5F 5F 5F 5F 5F 5F 5F 2D 5F Horizontal Display End 3x5h 01h R/W 27 27 4F 4F 27 27 4F 4F 4F 4F 4F 4F 4F 27 4F Start Horizontal Blanking 3x5h 02h R/W 28 28 50 50 28 28 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 28 50 End Horizontal Blanking 3x5h 03h R/W 90 90 82 82 90 90 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 90 82 Start Horizontal Retrace 3x5h 04h R/W 2B 2B 55 55 2B 2B 54 55 55 55 55 55 55 2B 54 End Horizontal Retrace 3x5h 05h R/W A0 A0 81 81 80 80 80 81 81 81 81 81 81 80 80 Vertical Total 06h R/W BF BF BF BF BF BF BF BF BF BF BF BF BF BF BF 3x5h Overflow 3x5h 07h R/W 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F Preset Row Scan 3x5h 08h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E -------------------------------------------------------------------------Maximum Scanline 3x5h 09h R/W C7 C7 C7 C7 C1 C1 C1 4D C7 C7 C7 C7 C7 C0 C0 Cursor Start 3x5h 0Ah R/W 06 06 06 06 00 00 00 0B 06 06 06 06 06 00 00 Cursor End 3x5h 0Bh R/W 07 07 07 07 00 00 00 0C 07 07 07 07 07 00 07 Start Address High 3x5h 0Ch R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Start Address Low 3x5h 0Dh R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Cursor Location High 3x5h 0Eh R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Cursor Location Low 3x5h 0Fh R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Start Vertical Retrace 3x5h 10h R/W 9C 9C 9C 9C 9C 9C 9C 83 9C 9C 9C 9C 9C 9C 9C -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E -------------------------------------------------------------------------End Vertical Retrace 3x5h 11h R/W 8E 8E 8E 8E 8E 8E 8E 85 8E 8E 8E 8E 8E 8E 8E Vertical Display End 3x5h 12h R/W 8F 8F 8F 8F 8F 8F 8F 5D 8F 8F 8F 8F 8F 8F 8F Offset 3x5h 13h R/W 14 14 28 28 14 14 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 14 28 Underline Location 3x5h 14h R/W 1F 1F 1F 1F 00 00 00 0D 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 00 00 Start Vertical Blanking 3x5h 15h R/W 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 63 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 End Vertical Blanking 3x5h 16h R/W B9 B9 B9 B9 B9 B9 B9 BA B9 B9 B9 B9 B9 B9 B9 Mode Control 3x5h 17h R/W A3 A3 A3 A3 A2 A2 C2 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 E3 E3 Line Compare 3x5h 18h R/W FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF -------------------------------------------------------------------------Legend: 3x4h - This is the CRT controller index register address which is dependent on the mode of the adapter. The following shows the possible address values and corresponding mode: 3B4 - If the adapter is in the monochrome mode. 3D4 - If the adapter is in the color/graphics mode. 3x5h - This is the CRT controller data register address which is dependent on the mode of the adapter. The following shows the possible address values and corresponding mode: 3B5 - If the adapter is in the monochrome mode. 3D5 - If the adapter is in the color/graphics mode. IX - This is an index type register; that is, this register is used to determine which of the other registers is accessed. This register changes continually during the programming process to access the other registers. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type F 10 F+ 10+ 0* 1* 2* 3* 0+ 2+ 7+ 11 12 13 2E -------------------------------------------------------------------------CRT Controller Registers (Part 2 of 2): CRTC Index IX 3x4h -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX 3x5h 00h R/W 5F 5F 5F 5F 2D 2D 5F 5F 2D 5F 5F 5F 5F 5F Horizontal Display End 3x5h 01h 9F R/W 4F 4F 4F 4F 27 27 4F 4F 27 4F 4F 4F 4F 4F Start Horizontal Blanking 3x5h A1 02h R/W 56 53 50 50 28 28 50 50 28 50 50 50 50 50 End Horizontal Blanking 3x5h 85 03h R/W 1A 17 82 82 90 90 82 82 90 82 82 82 82 82 Horizontal Total C3 Start Horizontal Retrace 3x5h A6 04h R/W 50 50 54 54 2B 2B 55 55 2B 55 55 55 54 54 End Horizontal Retrace 3x5h 1F 05h R/W E0 BA 80 80 A0 A0 81 81 A0 81 81 81 80 80 Vertical Total 0B 3x5h 06h R/W 70 6C BF BF BF BF BF BF BF BF BF BF 0B BF 3x5h 07h R/W 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 3E 1F Overflow 3E Preset Row Scan 3x5h 08h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type F 10 F+ 10+ 0* 1* 2* 3* 0+ 2+ 7+ 11 12 13 2E -------------------------------------------------------------------------Maximum Scan Line 3x5h 09h R/W 00 00 40 40 4D 4D 4D 4D 4F 4F 4F 4F 40 41 40 Cursor Start 00 3x5h 0Ah R/W 00 00 00 00 0B 0B 0B 0B 0D 0D 0D 00 00 00 3x5h 0Bh R/W 07 00 00 00 0C 0C 0C 0C 0E 0E 0E 0E 00 00 Start Address High 3x5h 00 0Ch R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Start Address Low 3x5h 00 0Dh R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Cursor Location High 3x5h 00 0Eh R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 07 00 00 Cursor Location Low 3x5h 00 0Fh R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9E 00 00 Cursor End 00 Start Vertical Retrace 3x5h 10h R/W 5E 5E 83 83 83 83 83 83 9C 9C 9C 9C EA 9C EA -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type F 10 F+ 10+ 0* 1* 2* 3* 0+ 2+ 7+ 11 12 13 2E -------------------------------------------------------------------------End Vertical Retrace 3x5h 11h R/W 2E 2B 85 85 85 85 85 85 8E 8E 8E 8E 8C 8E 8C Vertical Display End 3x5h DF 12h R/W 5D 5D 5D 5D 5D 5D 5D 5D 8F 8F 8F 8F DF 8F 3x5h 13h R/W 14 14 28 28 14 14 28 28 14 28 28 28 28 28 3x5h 14h R/W 00 0F 0F 0F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 0F 1F 00 40 Start Vertical Blanking 3x5h E7 15h R/W 5E 5F 63 63 63 63 63 63 96 96 96 96 E7 96 End Vertical Blanking 3x5h 04 16h R/W 6E 0A BA BA BA BA BA BA B9 B9 B9 B9 04 B9 Mode Control E3 17h R/W 8B 8B E3 E3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 E3 A3 Offset 80 Underline Location 40 3x5h Line Compare 3x5h 18h R/W FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF -------------------------------------------------------------------------Legend: 3x4h - This is the CRT controller index register address which is dependent on the mode of the adapter. The following shows the possible address values and corresponding mode: 3B4 - If the adapter is in the monochrome mode. 3D4 - If the adapter is in the color/graphics mode. 3x5h - This is the CRT controller data register address which is dependent on the mode of the adapter. The following shows the possible address values and corresponding mode: 3B5 - If the adapter is in the monochrome mode. 3D5 - If the adapter is in the color/graphics mode. IX - This is an index type register; that is, this register is used to determine which of the other registers is accessed. This register changes continually during the programming process to access the other registers. ========================================================================= == Table 8-16 (continued). Initial Register Values (In Hexadecimal Notation) - Attribute Registers ========================================================================= == Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E ========================================================================= == Attribute Registers (Part 1 of 2): Attribute Index 3C0h -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX Palette Register 0 3C0h 00h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Palette Register 1 3C0h 01h R/W 01 01 01 01 13 13 17 08 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 Palette Register 2 3C0h 02h R/W 02 02 02 02 15 15 17 08 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 Palette Register 3 3C0h 03h R/W 03 03 03 03 17 17 17 08 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 Palette Register 4 3C0h 04h R/W 04 04 04 04 02 02 17 08 04 04 04 04 04 04 04 Palette Register 5 3C0h 05h R/W 05 05 05 05 04 04 17 08 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E -------------------------------------------------------------------------Palette Register 6 3C0h 06h R/W 06 06 06 06 06 06 17 08 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 Palette Register 7 3C0h 07h R/W 07 07 07 07 07 07 17 08 07 07 07 07 07 07 07 Palette Register 8 3C0h 08h R/W 10 10 10 10 10 10 17 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Palette Register 9 3C0h 09h R/W 11 11 11 11 11 11 17 18 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 Palette Register A 3C0h 0Ah R/W 12 12 12 12 12 12 17 18 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 Palette Register B 3C0h 0Bh R/W 13 13 13 13 13 13 17 18 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 Palette Register C 3C0h 0Ch R/W 14 14 14 14 14 14 17 18 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 Palette Register D 3C0h 0Dh R/W 15 15 15 15 15 15 17 18 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E -------------------------------------------------------------------------Palette Register E 3C0h 0Eh R/W 16 16 16 16 16 16 17 18 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 Palette Register F 3C0h 0Fh R/W 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 18 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 Mode Control 3C0h 10h R/W 08 08 08 08 01 01 01 0E 08 08 08 08 08 01 01 Overscan 3C0h 11h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Color Plane Enable 3C0h 12h R/W 0F 0F 0F 0F 03 03 01 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F Horizontal Panning 13h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3C0h Color Select 3C0h 14h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP -------------------------------------------------------------------------Legend: NP - This register is not programmed during the setting of a BIOS mode. This register is set during the POST process and is never programmed by the BIOS again. IX - This is an index type register; that is, this register is used to determine which of the other registers is accessed. This register changes continually during the programming process to access the other registers. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type F 10 F+ 10+ 0* 1* 2* 3* 0+ 2+ 7+ 11 12 13 2E -------------------------------------------------------------------------Attribute Registers (Part 2 of 2): Attribute Index IX 3C0h -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX Palette Register 0 00 3C0h 00h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Palette Register 1 01 3C0h 01h R/W 08 01 08 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 08 01 01 01 Palette Register 2 02 3C0h 02h R/W 00 00 00 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 08 02 02 02 Palette Register 3 03 3C0h 03h R/W 00 00 00 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 08 03 03 03 Palette Register 4 3C0h 04h R/W 18 04 18 04 04 04 04 04 04 04 08 04 04 04 04 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type F 10 F+ 10+ 0* 1* 2* 3* 0+ 2+ 7+ 11 12 13 2E -------------------------------------------------------------------------Palette Register 5 3C0h 05h R/W 18 07 18 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 08 05 05 05 05 Palette Register 6 06 3C0h 06h R/W 00 00 00 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 08 14 14 06 Palette Register 7 07 3C0h 07h R/W 00 00 00 07 07 07 07 07 07 07 08 07 07 07 Palette Register 8 08 3C0h 08h R/W 00 00 00 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 10 38 38 08 Palette Register 9 09 3C0h 09h R/W 08 01 08 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 18 39 39 09 Palette Register A 0A 3C0h 0Ah R/W 00 00 00 3A 3A 3A 3A 3A 3A 3A 18 3A 3A 0A Palette Register B 0B 3C0h 0Bh R/W 00 00 00 3B 3B 3B 3B 3B 3B 3B 18 3B 3B 0B Palette Register C 3C0h 0Ch R/W 00 04 00 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C 18 3C 3C 0C 0C -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type F 10 F+ 10+ 0* 1* 2* 3* 0+ 2+ 7+ 11 12 13 2E -------------------------------------------------------------------------Palette Register D 3C0h 0Dh R/W 18 07 18 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D 18 3D 3D 0D 0D Palette Register E 0E 3C0h 0Eh R/W 00 00 00 3E 3E 3E 3E 3E 3E 3E 18 3E 3E 0E Palette Register F 0F 3C0h 0Fh R/W 00 00 00 3F 3F 3F 3F 3F 3F 3F 18 3F 3F 0F Mode Control 41 3C0h 10h R/W 0B 01 0B 01 08 08 08 08 0C 0C 0E 0C 01 41 3C0h 11h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Color Plane Enable 3C0h 0F 12h R/W 05 05 05 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F Horizontal Panning 00 13h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 08 08 00 00 Overscan 00 3C0h Color Select 3C0h 14h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP -------------------------------------------------------------------------Legend: NP - This register is not programmed during the setting of a BIOS mode. This register is set during the POST process and is never programmed by the BIOS again. IX - This is an index type register; that is, this register is used to determine which of the other registers is accessed. This register changes continually during the programming process to access the other registers. ========================================================================= == Table 8-16 (continued). Initial Register Values (In Hexadecimal Notation) - Graphics Controller Registers ========================================================================= == Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E ========================================================================= == Graphics Controller Registers (Part 1 of 2): Index 3CEh -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX Set/ Reset 3CFh 00h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Enable Set/ Reset 3CFh 01h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Color Compare 3CFh 02h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Data Rotate 3CFh 03h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Read Map Select 3CFh 04h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Mode 3CFh 05h R/W 10 10 10 10 30 30 00 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Misc. 3CFh 06h R/W 0E 0E 0E 0E 0F 0F 0D 0A 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 05 Color Don't Care 3CFh 07h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0F 0F 08h 40h 41h 42h 43h 44h 45h R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W FF NP NP NP NP NP NP Bit Mask 3CFh 3CFh 3CFh 3CFh 3CFh 3CFh 3CFh FF NP NP NP NP NP NP FF NP NP NP NP NP NP FF NP NP NP NP NP NP FF NP NP NP NP NP NP FF NP NP NP NP NP NP FF NP NP NP NP NP NP FF NP NP NP NP NP NP FF NP NP NP NP NP NP FF NP NP NP NP NP NP FF NP NP NP NP NP NP FF NP NP NP NP NP NP FF NP NP NP NP NP NP FF NP NP NP NP NP NP FF NP NP NP NP NP NP 3CFh 46h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP 3CFh 48h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP 3CFh 49h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type F 10 F+ 10+ 0* 1* 2* 3* 0+ 2+ 7+ 11 12 13 2E -------------------------------------------------------------------------Graphics Controller Registers (Part 2 of 2): Index IX 3CEh -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX 3CFh 00h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Enable Set/ Reset 3CFh 00 01h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Color Compare 00 3CFh 02h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Data Rotate 00 3CFh 03h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Read Map Select 00 3CFh 04h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Mode 00 3CFh 05h R/W 10 10 00 00 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 00 40 Misc. 05 3CFh 06h R/W 07 07 05 05 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0A 0E 05 05 Color Don't Care 3CFh 0F 07h R/W 0F 0F 05 0F 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0F 0F 3CFh 08h R/W FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF 3CFh 40h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP 3CFh 41h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP 3CFh 42h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP Set/ Reset 00 Bit Mask FF 41 NP NP 3CFh 43h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP 3CFh 44h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP 3CFh 45h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP 3CFh 46h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP 3CFh 48h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP 00 08 NP 3CFh 49h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP -------------------------------------------------------------------------Legend: IX - This is an index type register; that is, this register is used to determine which of the other registers is accessed. This register changes continually during the programming process to access the other registers. NP - Not programmed. ========================================================================= == Table 8-16 (continued). Initial Register Values (In Hexadecimal Notation) - Video DAC Registers ========================================================================= == Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E ========================================================================= == Video DAC Registers (Part 1 of 2): PEL Mask 3C6h -- R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP DAC State 3C7h -- R NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA PEL Address Read 3C7h -- W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX PEL Address Write 3C8h -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX PEL Data -- R/W PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR 3C9h VDAC Command 83C6 -R/W * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type F 10 F+ 10+ 0* 1* 2* 3* 0+ 2+ 7+ 11 12 13 2E -------------------------------------------------------------------------Video DAC Registers (Part 2 of 2): PEL Mask NP 3C6h -- R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP 3C7h -- R NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA PEL Address Read 3C7h IX -- W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX PEL Address Write 3C8h IX -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX -- R/W PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR DAC State NA PEL Data PR 3C9h VDAC Command 83C6 -R/W * * * * * * * * * * * * * * NP -------------------------------------------------------------------------Legend: IX - This is an index type register; that is, this register is used to determine which of the other registers is accessed. This register changes continually during the programming process to access the other registers. NP - This register is not programmed during the setting of a BIOS mode. This register is set during the POST process and is never programmed by the BIOS again. NA - This is a read only type register that is not and cannot be programmed at any time since it is read only. PR - The video DAC color registers are programmed during a mode set to the correct color values for that mode. See the color programming table for the values programmed to these color registers. * Only 1 bit changes (reset to zero). All other bits are unchanged. ========================================================================= == Table 8-17. 132 Column Initial Register Values (in Hexadecimal Notation) ========================================================================= == Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 18 19 1A 1B 1C 22 23 24 27 28 ========================================================================= == Control and Status Registers: Miscellaneous Output 3C2h -- W AA 6A 6A 6A EA AB 6B 6B 6B EB Feature Control 3xAh -- W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP Input Status 0 3C2h -- R NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Input Status 1 3xAh -- R NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Video Subsystem Enable 46E8h -R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP -------------------------------------------------------------------------Sequencer Registers: Sequencer Index 3C4h -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX Reset 3C5h 00h R/W 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 Clocking Mode 3C5h 01h R/W 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 Map Mask 3C5h 02h R/W 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 Character Map Select 3C5h 03h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Memory Mode 3C5h 04h R/W 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 -------------------------------------------------------------------------LEGEND: NP - This register is not programmed during the setting of a BIOS mode. This register is set during the POST process and is never programmed by the BIOS again. NA - This is a read only type register that is not and cannot be programmed at any time since it is read only. 3xAh - This is the feature control port/input status one register address, which is dependent on the mode of the adapter. The following shows the possible address values and the corresponding modes: 3BA - If the adapter is in the monochrome mode. 3DA - If the adapter is in the color/graphics mode. IX - This is an index type register; that is, this register is used to determine which of the other registers is accessed. This register changes continually during the programming process to access the other registers. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 18 19 1A 1B 1C 22 23 24 27 28 -------------------------------------------------------------------------CRT Controller Registers: Index 3x4h -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX Horizontal Total 3x5h 00h R/W A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 Horizontal Display End 3x5h 01h R/W 83 83 83 83 83 83 83 83 83 83 Start Horizontal Blanking 3x5h 02h R/W 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 End Horizontal Blanking 3x5h 03h R/W 83 83 83 83 83 83 83 83 83 83 Start Horizontal Retrace 3x5h 04h R/W 8D 8D 8D 8D 8D 8D 8D 8D 8D 8D End Horizontal Retrace 3x5h 05h R/W 9B 9B 9B 9B 9B 9B 9B 9B 9B 9B Vertical Total 3x5h 06h R/W BF BF BF BF 8 BF BF BF BF 8 Overflow 3x5h 07h R/W 1F 1F 1F 1F 3E 1F 1F 1F 1F 3E Preset Row Scan 3x5h 08h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Maximum Scanline 3x5h 09h R/W 47 4F 4D 47 47 47 4F 4D 47 47 -------------------------------------------------------------------------LEGEND: IX - This is an index type register; that is, this register is used to determine which of the other registers is accessed. This register changes continually during the programming process to access the other registers. 3x4h - This is the CRT controller index register address, which is dependent on the mode of the adapter. The following shows the possible address values and corresponding mode: 3B4 - If the adapter is in the monochrome mode. 3D4 - If the adapter is in the color/graphics mode. 3x5h - This is the CRT controller data register address, which is dependent on the mode of the adapter. The following shows the possible address values and corresponding mode: 3B5 - If the adapter is in the monochrome mode. 3D5 - If the adapter is in the color/graphics mode. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 18 19 1A 1B 1C 22 23 24 27 28 -------------------------------------------------------------------------CRT Controller Registers (continued): Cursor Start 3x5h 0Ah R/W 06 0D 0B 06 06 06 0D 0B 06 06 Cursor End 3x5h 0Bh R/W 07 0E 0C 07 07 07 0E 0C 07 07 Start Address High 3x5h 0Ch R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Start Address Low 3x5h 0Dh R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Cursor Location High 3x5h 0Eh R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Cursor Location Low 3x5h 0Fh R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Start Vertical Retrace 3x5h 10h R/W 83 9C 9C 9C EA 83 9C 9C 9C EA End Vertical Retrace 3x5h 11h R/W 85 8E 8E 8E 8C 85 8E 8E 8E 8C Vertical Display End 3x5h 12h R/W 57 8F 87 8F DF 57 8F 8F 87 DF Offset 3x5h 13h R/W 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 Underline Location 3x5h 14h R/W 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F 1F Start Vertical Blanking 3x5h 15h R/W 63 96 96 96 E7 63 96 96 96 E7 End Vertical Blanking 3x5h 16h R/W BA B9 B9 B9 04 BA B9 B9 B9 04 Mode Control 3x5h 17h R/W A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 Line Compare 3x5h 18h R/W FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF -------------------------------------------------------------------------LEGEND: 3x5h - This is the CRT controller data register address, which is dependent on the mode of the adapter. The following shows the possible address values and corresponding mode: 3B5 - If the adapter is in the monochrome mode. 3D5 - If the adapter is in the color/graphics mode. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 18 19 1A 1B 1C 22 23 24 27 28 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Attribute Registers: Attribute Index 3C0h -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX Palette Register 0 3C0h 00h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Palette Register 1 3C0h 01h R/W 08 08 08 08 08 01 01 01 01 01 Palette Register 2 3C0h 02h R/W 08 08 08 08 08 02 02 02 02 02 Palette Register 3 3C0h 03h R/W 08 08 08 08 08 03 03 03 03 03 Palette Register 4 3C0h 04h R/W 08 08 08 08 08 04 04 04 04 04 Palette Register 5 3C0h 05h R/W 08 08 08 08 08 05 05 05 05 05 Palette Register 6 3C0h 06h R/W 08 08 08 08 08 14 14 14 14 14 Palette Register 7 3C0h 07h R/W 08 08 08 08 08 07 07 07 07 07 -------------------------------------------------------------------------LEGEND: IX - This is an index type register; that is, this register is used to determine which of the other registers is accessed. This register changes continually during the programming process to access the other registers. 3x5h - This is the CRT controller data register address, which is dependent on the mode of the adapter. The following shows the possible address values and corresponding mode: 3B5 - If the adapter is in the monochrome mode. 3D5 - If the adapter is in the color/graphics mode. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 18 19 1A 1B 1C 22 23 24 27 28 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Attribute Registers (continued): Palette Register 8 3C0h 08h R/W 10 10 10 10 10 38 38 38 38 38 Palette Register 9 3C0h 09h R/W 18 18 18 18 18 39 39 39 39 39 Palette Register A 3C0h 0Ah R/W 18 18 18 18 18 3A 3A 3A 3A 3A Palette Register B 3C0h 0Bh R/W 18 18 18 18 18 3B 3B 3B 3B 3B Palette Register C 3C0h 0Ch R/W 18 18 18 18 18 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C Palette Register D 3C0h 0Dh R/W 18 18 18 18 18 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D Palette Register E 3C0h 0Eh R/W 18 18 18 18 18 3E 3E 3E 3E 3E Palette Register F 3C0h 0Fh R/W 18 18 18 18 18 3F 3F 3F 3F 3F Mode Control 3C0h 10h R/W 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0C 0C 0C 0C 0C Overscan 3C0h 11h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Color Plane Enable 3C0h 12h R/W 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F 0F Horizontal Panning 13h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Color 3C0h Select 3C0h 14h R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP -------------------------------------------------------------------------LEGEND: NP - This register is not programmed during the setting of a BIOS mode. This register is set during the POST process and is never programmed by the BIOS again. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 18 19 1A 1B 1C 22 23 24 27 28 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Graphics Controller Registers: Index 3CEh -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX Set/ Reset 3CFh 00h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Enable Set/ Reset 3CFh 01h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Color Compare 3CFh 02h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Data Rotate 3CFh 03h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Read Map Select 3CFh 04h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Mode 3CFh 05h R/W 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Misc. 3CFh 06h R/W 0A 0A 0A 0A 0A 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E Color Don't Care 3CFh 07h R/W 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Bit Mask 3CFh 08h R/W FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF -------------------------------------------------------------------------LEGEND: IX - This is an index type register; that is, this register is used to determine which of the other registers is accessed. This register changes continually during the programming process to access the other registers. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Register BIOS Modes Group/Name Port Index Type 18 19 1A 1B 1C 22 23 24 27 28 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Video DAC Registers: PEL Mask 3C6h -- R/W NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP NP DAC State 3C7h -- R NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA PEL Address Read 3CFh -- W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX PEL Address Write 3C8h -- R/W IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX IX PEL Data 3C9h -R/W PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR PR -------------------------------------------------------------------------LEGEND: NP - This register is not programmed during the setting of a BIOS mode. This register is set during the POST process and is never programmed by the BIOS again. NA - This is a read only type register that is not and cannot be programmed at any time since it is read only. IX - This is an index type register; that is, this register is used to determine which of the other registers is accessed. This register changes continually during the programming process to access the other registers. PR - The video DAC color registers are programmed during a mode set to the correct color values for that mode. See the color programming table for the values programmed to these color registers. ========================================================================= == 9.1 INTRODUCTION The CD-ROM Adapter is a portable lightweight device that provides an interface between the computer and an external CD-ROM drive. This chapter provides the following information: o o o o o Functional description [9.2] Device Drivers and Utilities [9.3] I/O Port Description [9.4] Command Protocol [9.5] Connectors [9.6] Figure 9-1 shows the CD-ROM Adapter. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 9-1. CD-ROM Adapter 9.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The CD-ROM Adapter connects directly to the computer via the 198-pin expansion connector. Data transfers between the external CD-ROM drive and the CD-ROM Adapter are provided by an 8-bit SCSI interface. A SCSI-2 type 50-pin connector is provided on the CD-ROM Adapter. The adapter is I/O mapped at addresses (3E0h - 3EFh). Internal hardware interrupt level (IRQ9) and DMA channel (3) are used during data transfers. The CD-ROM Adapter SCSI interface consists of a single SCSI Protocol Processor chip and other support circuitry. Device drivers must conform with the EMULEX SCSI (ESP-100A) processor chip design standards and protocol. Refer to the EMULEX Corporation Technical Manual (#VLSI5100200) for details. The adapter is powered from the computer power supply once the adapter is connected. The external CD-ROM drive is provided with its own power supply. NOTE: The computer and the CD-ROM drive must not have power applied to them until after all connections have been made. To ensure that the computer recognizes the external CD-ROM drive, power must be applied to the CD-ROM drive before turning on the computer. 9.3 DEVICE DRIVERS AND UTILITIES All CD-ROM Adapter to CD-ROM drive communications are under the control of a specific device driver. Each device driver is written specifically for the drive being used. The device driver works with the adapter to build SCSI command descriptor blocks (CDBs) and then programs the SCSI protocol chip to issue the CDB to the attached drive. The CD-ROM device driver must be in the CONFIG.SYS file at "BOOT" time. A copy of MSCDEX.EXE and CDSETUP.EXE are included on the CD-ROM Utilities Diskette. The CDSETUP.EXE utility must be run prior to CD-ROM use and MSCDEX.EXE must be loaded prior to using the CD-ROM drive. CDPLAY Utility The CDPLAY utility supports playing music from CD-ROM drive. The CDPLAY utility allows you to music from a digital audio disc under computer CDPLAY.EXE is included on the CD-ROM utilities 9.4 I/O PORT DESCRIPTION audio compact discs in a play, stop, and restart control. A copy of diskette. The CD-ROM Adapter interface is configured as a contiguous block of sixteen I/O addresses. The entire 16-byte address range is decoded. All registers are eight bits in width. Several registers are reserved for future use. Access to these registers is by programmed I/O except as noted in the register descriptions. Registers Table 9-1 describes the CD-ROM adapter I/O registers. Table 9-1. CD-ROM Adapter I/O Register Description ========================================================================= == Address Read Write -------------------------------------------------------------------------3E1 Transfer count high Transfer Counter High 3E2 FIFO Port FIFO Port 3E3 Command Register Command Register 3E4 Status Register Destination Bus ID 3E5 Interrupt Register Select Timeout 3E6 Sequence Step Register Sync Transfer Period 3E7 FIFO Flags Register Sync Transfer Offset 3E8 Configuration Register 1 Configuration Register 2 3E9 reserved Clock Conversion Factor 3EA reserved Test Register 3EB Configuration Register 2 Configuration Register 1 3EC reserved reserved 3ED reserved reserved 3EE reserved reserved 3EF reserved reserved ========================================================================= == Transfer Counter Low Register (read/write) This register is the low byte of the 16-bit transfer count that is used for DMA transfers to or from the adapter. Writing zeros to both the high and low bytes of this register specifies the maximum count of 65536. This register counts down as each byte is transferred. When the count reaches zero, the Transfer Count Zero bit in the Status Register is set. Transfer Counter High Register (read/write) This register is the high byte of the 16 bits of the 16-bit transfer count that is used for DMA transfers to or from the adapter. Writing zeros to both the high and low bytes of this register specifies the maximum count of 65536. This register counts down as each byte is transferred. When the count reaches zero, the Transfer Count Zero bit in the Status Register is set. FIFO Port Register (read/write) The FIFO Port Register is a 16-byte first-in first-out buffer placed between the SCSI bus and the system. It is used for both data and Command Descriptor Block transfers. When the adapter is performing DMA transfers, this port is either the source or destination of the data. Command Register (read/write) The Command Register is used to initiate adapter functions. Various 4-bit command codes define the action to be performed and are combined with the mode bits to form an 8-bit operation code. The CD-ROM Adapter is a SCSI Initiator and only operates in the Initiator or Disconnected modes. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = Enable DMA 6 1 = Disconnected Mode 5 1 = Target Mode (used in Target mode only) 4 1 = Initiator Mode 3..0 Command Code Table 9-2 lists the Command codes used with the CD-ROM Adapter. Table 9-2. Command Codes ========================================================================= == Command Opcode (hex) Interrupt Non-DMA DMA -------------------------------------------------------------------------DISCONNECTED STATE -------------------------------------------------------------------------Reselect Sequence Yes 40 C0 Select without ATN Sequence Yes 41 C1 Select with ATN Sequence Yes 42 C2 Select with ATN3 Sequence Yes 46 C6 Select with ATN & Stop Sequence Yes 43 C3 Enable Reselection No 44 C4 Disable Reselection Yes 45 --------------------------------------------------------------------------INITIATOR STATE -------------------------------------------------------------------------Transfer Information Yes 10 90 Command Complete Sequence Yes 11 91 Message Accepted Yes 12 -- Transfer Pad Yes -- 98 Set ATN No 1A --------------------------------------------------------------------------MISCELLANEOUS -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOP No 00 -Flush FIFO Port No 01 -- Reset Adapter No 02 -- Reset SCSI Bus No 03 -========================================================================= == Status Register (read only) The Status Register contains status information for the SCSI protocol device and the phase of the SCSI bus. Bits 3 through 7 are reset whenever the Interrupt Register is read. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = Interrupt 6 1 = Gross Error 5 1 = Parity Error 4 1 = Transfer Count Zero 3 1 = Command Transfer Complete (not used in Initiator mode) 2 MSG 1 C/D 0 I/O Bits 0 through 2 are inverted, real time versions of the SCSI bus signals, I-/O, C-/D, and MSG-, which determine the bus phase. The bus phases indicated by these bits, all of which are collectively termed Information Phases, are listed below: ========================== Bits Phase 2 1 0 -------------------------0 0 0 Data Out 0 0 1 Data In 0 1 0 Command 0 1 1 Status 1 1 0 Message Out 1 1 1 Message In ========================== Bit 6, Gross Error, is set when the FIFO port overflows or underflows, or when the DMA transfer direction does not match the SCSI bus phase. Bit 7, Interrupt, allows polling for an interrupt. Destination Bus ID Register (write only) This register holds the SCSI bus ID of the CD-ROM drive. The ID is loaded into bits 0 through 2. This ID is used when the adapter selects the CDROM drive. Bits 3 through 7 must be set to zero. Interrupt Register (read only) The Interrupt Register contains information, used along with the Status Register, to determine the cause of an interrupt. The Interrupt Register should only be read in response to an interrupt because reading this register clears bits in the Status and Sequence Step Registers, and deasserts the system interrupt, IRQ9. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = SCSI Bus Reset Detected 6 1 = Invalid Opcode 5 1 = Disconnect 4 1 = Bus Service 3 1 = Function Complete 2 1 = Reselected 1 1 = Selected with ATN not used in Initiator mode) 0 1 = Selected not used in Initiator mode) Bit 3 Function Complete, is asserted whenever a Disconnected mode opcode has completed, following completion of a Command Complete Sequence opcode, or when a Message byte has been received and ACK- is still asserted by the CD-ROM drive. Bit 4, Bus Service, is asserted whenever the CD-ROM drive is in one of the Information Transfer Phases. Bit 5, Disconnect, is asserted when the CD-ROM drive disconnects from the bus and the SCSI bus is free, or when a selection timeout occurs. Bit 7, SCSI Bus Reset Detected, is asserted when reset is detected only if SCSI reset interrupts are enabled in Configuration Register 1. Select Timeout Register (write only) This register is written with for Target selection. The timeout CD-ROM drive does not respond the Disconnect bit will be set in 9Bh to establish a 250-ms timeout period value is fixed for this adapter. If the to selection within this timeout period, the Interrupt Register. Sequence Step Register (read only) This register contains opcode sequence information that may be used for driver debugging purposes. It is used for normal operations. Sync Transfer Period Register (write only) This register specifies the transfer period for Synchronous SCSI data transfers. It is not used for CD-ROM transfers. FIFO Flags Register (read only) The FIFO Flags Register holds the count of bytes currently in the FIFO Port. The count read from this register may not be accurate during a transfer, because the register bits may be in transition. The sequence Step Bits contain opcode sequence information that may be used for driver debugging purposes. They are not used for normal operation. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..5 Sequence Step Bits 4..0 FIFO Port Count Sync Transfer Offset Register (write only) This register specifies the transfer offset for synchronous SCSI data. Configuration Register 1 (read/write) Configuration Register 1 is used to specify adapter operating parameters. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = Slow Cable Mode 6 0 = SCSI Reset Interrupt Enable 5 1 = Parity Test Mode 4 1 = Parity Enable 3 1 = Test Mode 2..0 1 = Adapter SCSI Bus ID The Adapter is typically designated as SCSI ID 7, since it is the highest priority ID. Clock Conversion Factor Register (write only) This register is written with 03h to specify basic adapter timing. This value is fixed for this adapter. Test Register (write only) This register is used to put the adapter into one of several test modes. These test modes must be disabled for normal operation by writing all bits in this register to zero. Configuration Register 2 (read/write) Configuration Register 2 contains additional adapter operating parameters. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..5 Reserved 4 1 = Tristate DRQ3 3 1 = SCSI 2 Mode 2 1 = Target Bad Parity Abort (not used in Initiator mode) 1,0 Reserved 9.5 COMMAND PROTOCOL The CD-ROM Adapter contains a single SCSI Protocol Processor chip to handle communications with an attached CD-ROM drive. Issuing commands via the CD-ROM Adapter requires detailed familiarity with the SCSI specification. SCSI Command Descriptor Blocks (CDBs) must be built and various SCSI bus phases must be managed. A single command to the CD-ROM drive requires a number of separate adapter operations, depending on the specific command issued. Each adapter operation involves loading the necessary adapter registers with parameter or control bytes, writing the adapter command register to issue the command, waiting for the interrupt. Most adapter operations return an interrupt when they are complete. Before issuing commands to the CD-ROM drive, the adapter must be configured. This is accomplished by writing the Configuration, Select Timeout, Clock Conversion, and Test Registers with the necessary values. When complete, the adapter is ready to communicate with the CD-ROM drive. Reset Procedure To reset the CD-ROM Adapter, CD-ROM drive, and SCSI bus, the proper reset opcode must be written to the Command Register. Typical Read Operation The following sequence is performed during a typical read from a CD-ROM drive: System Actions Load the Destination Bus ID Register and prepare for the transfer of the SCSI CDB. If Direct Memory Access (DMA) is not used for the CDB transfer, load the CDB into the adapter FIFO Port Register. If DMA is used for the CDB transfer, load the Transfer Count Register with the number of bytes in the CDB and program the system DMA controller to send the CDB to the adapter. Write the selected operation code to the Command Register. Adapter Actions Arbitrate for the SCSI bus, select the CD-ROM drive, send the CDB to the drive, and generate an interrupt. System Actions Load the transfer length (number of bytes per CD-ROM block times the number of blocks to be read) into the Transfer Count Registers, program the system DMA controller, and write the Transfer Information opcode into the Command Register. Adapter Actions Transfer the data bytes from the CD-ROM drive to the system via DMA. Send an interrupt to the system. System Actions When the data transfer from the CD-ROM drive is complete, write the Command Complete Sequence opcode into the Command Register. Adapter Actions Transfer the SCSI status and Message bytes and generate an interrupt. System Actions Read the Status and Message bytes from the FIFO port, validate the message, write the Message Accepted opcode to the Command Register. Adapter Actions Release the ACK signal on the SCSI bus, wait for Bus Free Phase, and interrupt the system. This completes a typical read operation from the CD-ROM drive. 9.6 CONNECTOR CD-ROM Adapter SCSI Connector ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 9-2. CD-ROM Adapter SCSI Connector The 198-pin External Options Connector is described in Appendix B, "Connectors." 10.1 INTRODUCTION The keyboard subsystem consists of the 79-key U.S. English, 80-key national, or 84-key Japanese Enhanced Keyboard and keyboard controller. An optional External Numeric Keypad, which has its own connector, may be added. The computer and the optional Desktop Expansion Base have a connector for an external full-sized Enhanced Keyboard. This chapter discusses the following topics: o o o o o o Enhanced Keyboard [10.2] Optional External Numeric Keypad [10.3] Keyboard controller [10.4] Scan codes [10.5] External Keyboard/Pointing Device Interface [10.6] Trackball [10.7] 10.2 ENHANCED KEYBOARD The 79-key U.S. English, 80-key national, or 84-key Japanese keyboard provides all the functionality of the full-sized COMPAQ Enhanced Keyboard through an embedded numeric keypad and separate cursor- and screencontrol cluster. Three of the keys, Caps Lock, Num Lock, and Scroll Lock, have LED indicators to provide current status. A total of five LED indicators are provided in a row above the function keys. Figure 10-1 shows the U.S. English Enhanced Keyboard. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 10-1. U.S. English Enhanced Keyboard Functional Description After power-on occurs, the default (initial state) conditions of the keyboard are: o o o o Keyboard is enabled if the optional external keyboard is not present All LEDS are off unless Num Lock is enabled through the Setup procedure Typematic rate = 10 characters/sec (+/- 20%) Typematic delay = 500 milliseconds (+/- 20%) The keyboard itself contains no active electronic circuitry. Matrix lines from the keyboard are connected to the keyboard controller on the system board. All keyboard functions are performed by the controller and keyboard ROM, and all communications occur at the system level. The keyboard controller has both a first-in, first-out (FIFO) buffer and a repeating key function. Both Make and Break codes are generated when keys are used. Make codes are transmitted when a key is pressed, Break codes when it is released. This combination of codes is referred to collectively as the "scan codes" of a key. If the system cannot immediately accept scan codes when they are generated, scan codes for up to a maximum of 24 bytes (8 characters) are stored in the FIFO buffer. If two or more keys are pressed simultaneously, the keyboard processes the first scan code detected and stores the others in the buffer in the order in which they are detected. If a key is pressed when the buffer is full, no scan code is generated; an overrun code is stored in the last buffer location, which is reserved for overrun conditions. Modes of Operation The keyboard controller has two modes of operation. The default mode at power-up is the Normal mode. Enhanced operation is available in the Normal mode. QWERTY, numeric pad, and separate cursor key functions are available. The Select mode is the other available mode that allows any or all keys to be reassigned to make only, make/break or Typematic operation. Normal Mode The Normal mode allows compatibility with a standard 11-bit serial keyboard interface. Each key has a unique make and break code. The make code is transmitted when the key is pressed and the break code is transmitted after the key is released. The resulting codes are jointly referred to as scan codes. Select Mode The Select mode also uses an 11-bit bidirectional interface and different scan codes. The select mode is system selectable via software and allows for any individual key or all keys to be reassigned to one of the following states: o o o o Make only operation Make/break operation Typematic only operation Typematic and Make/Break operation Typematic Function When a key is held down it will have an autorepeating rate of 10 Hz (+/1) after a delay of 500 (+/- 50) milliseconds. If multiple keys are depressed, the last depressed key is valid for typematic action. Autorepeating will stop when the last depressed key is released. Break codes of keys released are sent during the typematic transmission. The typematic action consists of multiple transmissions of the make code. Enhanced Operation The Enhanced Keyboard permits simulation of the full-sized COMPAQ Enhanced Keyboard by means of the embedded numeric keypad and separate cursor keys. When the embedded keypad is enabled, embedded numeric keys and cursor-control keys will transmit the key codes of an enhanced numeric keypad provided the optional keypad is not attached. Cursor keys in the separate cursor-control cluster always transmit enhanced codes, regardless of the state of the Num Lock or keypad presence. NOTE: The keyboard sub-system is not capable of transmitting the scan codes for a Ctrl+Alt+Delete sequence from the embedded keypad. The (Fn) Key Operation of the Fn (function) key is unique; its only purpose is to flag the keyboard scan controller. No code is sent to the system controller. The operation of the Fn key depends on the state of the Num Lock key: o Num Lock Off (LED off): Operation of the Fn key and an embedded numeric key transmits the enhanced numeric scan code of a key or the screen control code of a cursor key. o Num Lock On (LED on): Operation of the Fn key and an embedded numeric key transmits the default (alpha) scan code of a key or the screen control code of a cursor key. All scan codes accessed via the Fn key will send complete make/break codes. For example, if the Fn key is released while an embedded numeric key is still pressed, the break code of the embedded character must be transmitted before any subsequent make code is sent. This will occur regardless of the state of the Num Lock key or keypad presence. The following tables describe the combined effects of the optional keypad, Fn key, and Num Lock key on the keyboard controls. Optional Keypad not installed ========================================================================= == NUM LOCK = On NUM LOCK = Off -------------------------------------------------------------------------Embedded Numerics Active Embedded Numerics None Keypad Numerics None Keypad Numerics None Embedded Cursor Controls Inactive Embedded Cursor Controls Via Fn Embedded Screen Controls Inactive Embedded Screen Controls Via Fn ========================================================================= == Optional Keypad installed ========================================================================= == NUM LOCK = On NUM LOCK = Off -------------------------------------------------------------------------Embedded Numerics None Embedded Numerics None Keypad Numerics Inactive Active Keypad Numerics Embedded Cursor Controls None Embedded Cursor Controls None Embedded Screen Controls None Embedded Screen Controls None ========================================================================= == The Embedded Numeric Keypad The embedded numeric keypad is a 16-key set of keys, shown on the U.S. English keyboard in Figure 10-2. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 10-2. Embedded Numeric Keypad Embedded Numeric Keypad Function The embedded numeric keypad is enabled and disabled by the Num Lock key. If Num Lock is ON, the embedded numeric keypad is enabled; if Num Lock is OFF, the keypad is disabled. When enabled, the embedded keypad transmits the scan codes of the enhanced numeric keypad. In this mode, the Shift key enables the cursor-control functions instead of the numeric functions as it would on an enhanced keyboard. Figure 10-3 shows key results when the keypad is enabled. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 10-3. Embedded Numeric Keypad Enabled If Num Lock is OFF, the embedded keypad may also be enabled if the Fn key and the Shift key are pressed simultaneously. When these keys are released, the keyboard returns to the QWERTY mode. If the Fn key alone is depressed, the embedded keypad functions as cursor-control keys. If Num Lock is ON, regular (QWERTY) keyboard activity can be enabled temporarily by holding down the Fn key. When the Fn key is released, the embedded keypad is enabled. When the optional External Numeric Keypad is attached to the Enhanced Keyboard, the embedded keypad is disabled no matter what the state of the Num Lock key. Cursor- and Screen-Control Function The embedded numeric keypad also provides cursor- and screen-control functions. During regular (QWERTY) keyboard activity, these functions can be accessed by pressing the Fn key. Releasing the Fn key returns the keypad to normal keyboard operations. If Num Lock is ON (embedded numeric keypad enabled), pressing the SHIFT key enables these functions. Releasing the Shift key returns the keypad to numeric keypad operations. When cursor- and screen-control functions are active, the *, +, -, and / arithmetic functions are also active. Figure 10-4 shows the key results when cursor- and screen-control functions are enabled. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 10-4. Cursor- and Screen-Control Functions Enabled NOTE: Some applications require the use of the cursor- and screen-control functions in the embedded numeric keypad rather than in the cursor-control cluster. Resetting the system (warm boot) requires use of the Delete key in the upper right corner of the keyboard rather than the delete function on the embedded numeric keypad. LED Indicators The two green LED indicators, Caps Lock and Scroll Lock, will be OFF at power-on and after each keyboard initialization. Each time the associated key is pressed, the LED changes state. The Num Lock LED will be off after each keyboard initialization and will be off at power-on unless Num Lock is enabled by the Setup utility. The Scroll Lock and Num Lock LEDs are accessed by pressing the Function (Fn) key and the appropriate key. The only exception is the (Ctrl + associated LED key) combination, which will not cause a state change of the LED. A change of state of the Num Lock key from off to on activates the Enhanced operation mode if the optional numeric keypad is attached, otherwise it will enable the embedded numeric pad. The power-on LED will turn on when power is applied to the computer. The standby LED will turn on when the computer is in the standby mode. 10.3 OPTIONAL EXTERNAL NUMERIC KEYPAD The optional 24-key External Numeric Keypad duplicates the function of the embedded keypad contained on the Laptop Enhanced Keyboard. The External Numeric Keypad is shown below. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 10-5. External Numeric Keypad The External Numeric Keypad is connected to the computer system by means of a 2-conductor cord with a 2-pin connector which plugs into the Laptop Enhanced Keyboard. The 2-pin connection provides power and a data communication path to the External Numeric Keypad. The keyboard controller must detect the presence of the external numeric keypad. With the keypad connected, the numeric function of each embedded numeric key shall be disabled. Keyboard cursor control keys remain functional. Table 10-1. Signals for the 2-Pin External Numeric Keypad Connector =========================================== Pin Signal Name ------------------------------------------1 Keypad Power and Data 2 Signal Ground =========================================== 10.4 KEYBOARD CONTROLLER The keyboard controller is located on the system board inside the case of the computer. It provides control for the following: o o o o o o Computer reset Computer system address line A20 Keyboard communication System LED control Low battery detection Standby Mode LED Control The keyboard controller provides control of the standby LED (STBLED) and power-on LED (PWRLED) indicators. A signal is provided to the keyboard controller which indicates normal or standby mode of operation. The following table shows the function of the LED indicators. Table 10-2. LED Status ========================================================================= == Normal Mode Standby Mode -------------------------------------------------------------------------Battery Voltage Power Standby Power Standby -------------------------------------------------------------------------Operating LBAT1 inactive and On Off Off Flash LBAT2 inactive 1 Hz Low Battery 1: LBAT1 active and LBAT2 inactive Flash 1 Hz Off Off Flash 2 Hz Low Battery 2: LBAT1 active and Flash Off Flash Flash LBAT2 active 2 Hz 2 Hz 2 Hz ========================================================================= == Programming the Keyboard Controller The keyboard controller is I/O mapped at port addresses 60h and 64h. The controller's communication interface to the computer consists of an input buffer, an output buffer, and a system interrupt signal. Data or commands written from the computer to the controller are put into the controller's input buffer. Data returned to the computer from the controller are put into the output buffer. Prior to writing a command or data to the controller's input buffer (output ports 60h or 64h), the Controller Status register (input port 64h) must indicate "Input Buffer Empty." Prior to reading data from port 60h, the Controller Status register must be tested to ensure that the "Output Buffer Full" condition exists. Port 60h, Data I/O Register The keyboard controller Data I/O register is used to send and receive data from the keyboard, to send the second byte of multi-byte commands to the keyboard controller, and to receive responses from the keyboard controller for commands that return a response. Use the IN Instruction to read data from the controller output. Data in the Data I/O register are from the keyboard, unless the controller has been given a command that returns a response, such as 20h, Read Command Byte. When data are read from the output buffer, the controller resets the "Output Buffer Full" flag in the Status register. Use the OUT Instruction to send data to the keyboard. All data written to the Data I/O register are transmitted to the keyboard, except for data written after the controller has been given the first byte of a multibyte command, such as 60h, Write Command byte. To give a multi-byte command to the system keyboard controller, write the first command byte to port 64h and the second byte to port 60h. Be sure the "Input Buffer Empty" condition exists before writing each byte. Port 64h, Command/Status Register The Command/Status register is used to send commands to the keyboard controller and receive status of the controller and keyboard. Use the IN Instruction to read the Controller's Status register. The Controller Status register bit definitions are shown below. Use the OUT Instruction to give a command to the controller. Writing to this address automatically sets the Command/Data flag in the Status register to 1. The following bit map shows what each bit represents in the Command/Status register. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = Parity error detected -- RESEND command is sent to the keyboard once only, as an attempt to recover. 6 1 = Receive timeout error Keyboard transmission started, but did not finish in 2 ms. 5 1 = Transmission timeout error Bit <5> set -- keyboard did not supply clock Bits <6,5> set -- keyboard did not respond with ACKnowledge 4 Reserved 3 0 = Output buffer contains data 1 = Output buffer contains command 2 0 = Power-on (cold boot) 1 = Software reset (warm boot) 1 0 = Input buffer is empty 1 = Input buffer is full 0 0 = No new data in buffer (output buffer empty) 1 = New data in buffer (output buffer full) Keyboard Controller Command Codes The keyboard controller command codes consist of commands to control computer speed, reset, address line 20 (A20), and keyboard communications. Each command is executed by the controller after the computer writes the corresponding code to port 64h. Special Read (A5h) The data byte described in the following table is put into the controller's output buffer. No "Output Buffer Full" is generated. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 0 = Keyboard Data signal low (logic 0) 1 = Keyboard Data signal high (logic 1) 6 0 = Keyboard Clock signal high (logic 1) 1 = Keyboard Clock signal low (logic 0) 5 0 = 11-bit keyboard is in use 1 = Reserved 4 0 = Interrupt (IRQ1) generated when output buffer is full 1 = Interrupt (IRQ1) not generated when output buffer is full 3,2 Reserved 1 0 = Address Line 20 (A20) is held low (logic 0) 1 = Address Line 20 (A20) is enabled 0 1 = System RESET signal is inactive Reset (F0h, F2h, F4h, F6h, F8h, FAh, FCh, FEh) Directs the controller to pulse (strobe low) the RESET signal for approximately 5 us. No other outputs are modified. Read Output Port (D0h) Directs the controller to transfer the status of controller output signals to the output buffer. Use the Read Output Port command only when the output buffer is empty. The following data are put into the output buffer: BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 0 = Keyboard Data signal low (logic 0) 1 = Keyboard Data signal high (logic 1) 6 0 = Keyboard Clock signal high (logic 1) 1 = Keyboard Clock signal low (logic 0) 5 1 = IRQ12 Active (pointing device) 0 = IRQ12 Inactive (pointing device) 4 0 = Output buffer full interrupt signal (IRQ1) is high (logic 1) 1 = Output buffer full interrupt signal (IRQ1) is low (logic 0) 3,2 Reserved 1,0 Reserved Write Output Port (D1h) Directs the controller to set the FORCE A20 signal either high or low according to bit <1> of the next byte written to the controller's input buffer. No other controller outputs are modified. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..2 Reserved 1 0 = Hold address Line 20 (A20) low 1 = Hold address Line 20 (A20) enabled 0 Reserved Read Command Byte (20h) Put the current command byte in the controller's Data I/O register. Write Command Byte (60h) Load the next byte put into the controller's Data I/O register as the command byte. The command byte controls the system keyboard controller operation as shown in the table below. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6 0 = Do not convert keyboard codes 1 = Convert keyboard codes to the 8088/8086 scan codes 5 0 = Enable pointing device interface 1 = Disable pointing device interface 4 0 = Enable keyboard interface 1 = Disable keyboard interface 3 Reserved 2 Type of reset 0 = Power on (cold boot) 1 = Software reset (warm boot) 1 0 = Pointing device interrupt disable 1 = Pointing device interrupt enable 0 0 = Do not generate interrupt when output buffer is full 1 = Generate interrupt when output buffer is full Initialize Controller (AAh) The controller initializes its output signals, disables the keyboard interface, clears the buffer pointers, then places 55h in the output buffer. Interface Test (ABh) Directs the controller to test the data and clock signals of the external keyboard interface. The output buffer receives the test results as follows: 00h 01h 02h 03h 04h 05h ------- No error Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard detected clock signal stuck low clock signal stuck high data signal stuck low data signal stuck high clock signal connected to the keyboard data signal Disable External Keyboard Interface (ADh) Sets bit <4> of the controller's command byte, which disables the external keyboard interface. Data is not received until the external keyboard is enabled again. Enable External Keyboard Interface (AEh) Resets bit <4> of the controller's command byte, which enables the keyboard interface. Read Input Port (C0h) The external keyboard controller has no input port so D0h is returned in the output buffer when this command is executed. Read External Keyboard Signal Levels (E0h) Directs the controller to put the current state of the external keyboard clock and external keyboard data signals into the output buffer. 10.5 SCAN CODES Scan codes for the keyboard subsystem, including the optional external numeric keypad, are given in Tables 10-3, 10-4, and 10-5. Normal Mode Normal mode is the default mode of the enhanced keyboard. In this mode, the keyboard controller translates the Make codes generated by the keyboard and converts them to the system codes required by the system BIOS. Table 10-3 lists the Make codes for the keyboard operating in Normal mode. In the Normal mode, the keyboard generates the Break code, a 2-byte sequence that consists of a Make code immediately preceded by F0h. Table 10-3. Keyboard Scan Codes (Hex) for the Normal Mode ========================================================================= == Key Key Cap Make Code Break Code System Location Legend (NOTE 1) (NOTE 1) Code NOTES -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 ' 0E 29 2 1 16 02 3 2 1E 03 4 3 26 04 5 4 25 05 6 5 2E 06 7 6 36 07 8 7 3D 08 9 8 3E 09 10 9 46 0A 11 0 45 0B 12 - 4E 0C 13 + 55 0D 15 Backspace 66 0E 16 Tab 0D 0F 17 Q 15 10 18 W 1D 11 19 E 24 12 20 R 2D 13 21 T 2C 14 -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES: 1. All scan codes listed are for Shift, Alt, and Ctrl inactive and unless noted, the Break code is the Make code preceded by F0h. 2. Scan codes listed are for Num Lock inactive. 3. A numeric cluster key. 4. NA means no legend. 5. No key number is assigned for the Break key. Break = Ctrl + Pause or Fn + Key 86. Break key is make only with no break code. 6. No key is assigned for the Sys Req key. Sys Req = Alt+ Print Screen or Fn + key 76. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Key Key Cap Make Code Break Code System Location Legend (NOTE 1) (NOTE 1) Code NOTES -------------------------------------------------------------------------22 Y 35 15 23 U 3C 16 24 I 43 17 25 O 44 18 26 P 4D 19 27 [ 54 1A 28 ] 5B 1B 29 \ 5D 2B 30 Caps Lock 58 3A 31 A 1C 1E 32 S 1B 1F 33 D 23 20 34 F 2B 21 35 G 34 22 36 H 33 23 37 J 3B 24 38 K 42 25 39 L 4B 26 40 ; 4C 27 41 ' 52 28 42 \ 5D 2B 5 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES: 1. All scan codes listed are for Shift, Alt, and Ctrl inactive and unless noted, the Break code is the Make code preceded by F0h. 2. Scan codes listed are for Num Lock inactive. 3. A numeric cluster key. 4. NA means no legend. 5. No key number is assigned for the Break key. Break = Ctrl + Pause or Fn + Key 86. Break key is make only with no break code. 6. No key is assigned for the Sys Req key. Sys Req = Alt+ Print Screen or Fn + key 76. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Key Key Cap Make Code Break Code System Location Legend (NOTE 1) (NOTE 1) Code NOTES -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43 Enter 5A 1C 44 (Left) Shift 12 2A 45 \ 61 56 46 Z 1A 2C 47 X 22 2D 48 C 21 2E 49 V 2A 2F 50 B 32 30 51 N 31 31 52 M 3A 32 53 , 41 33 54 . 49 34 55 / 4A 35 4 57 (Right) Shift 59 36 58 (Left) Ctrl 14 1D 59 Fn No make or break code is generated for this key 60 (Left) Alt 11 38 61 (Space) 29 39 62 (Right) Alt E0 11 E0 F0 11 E0 38 75 Ins E0 70 E0 F0 70 E0 52 2 76 Del E0 71 E0 F0 71 E0 53 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES: 1. All scan codes listed are for Shift, Alt, and Ctrl inactive and unless noted, the Break code is the Make code preceded by F0h. 2. Scan codes listed are for Num Lock inactive. 3. A numeric cluster key. 4. NA means no legend. 5. No key number is assigned for the Break key. Break = Ctrl + Pause or Fn + Key 86. Break key is make only with no break code. 6. No key is assigned for the Sys Req key. Sys Req = Alt+ Print Screen or Fn + key 76. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Key Key Cap Make Code Break Code System Location Legend (NOTE 1) (NOTE 1) Code NOTES -------------------------------------------------------------------------79 (Left Arrow) E0 6B E0 F0 6B E0 4B 2 80 Home E0 6C E0 F0 6C E0 47 2 81 End E0 69 E0 F0 69 E0 4F 2 83 (Up Arrow) E0 75 E0 F0 75 E0 48 2 84 (Down Arrow) E0 72 E0 F0 72 E0 50 2 85 Page Up E0 7D E0 F0 7D E0 49 2 86 Page Down E0 7A E0 F0 7A E0 51 2 89 (Right Arrow) E0 74 E0 F0 74 E0 4D 2 90 Num Lock 77 45 3 91 7 6C 47 3 92 4 6B 4B 3 93 1 69 4F 3 95 / E0 4A E0 35 3 96 8 75 48 3 97 5 73 4C 3 98 2 72 50 3 99 0 70 52 100 * 7C 37 3 101 9 7D 49 3 102 6 74 4D 3 103 3 7A 51 3 E0 F0 4A -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES: 1. All scan codes listed are for Shift, Alt, and Ctrl inactive and unless noted, the Break code is the Make code preceded by F0h. 2. 3. 4. 5. Scan codes listed are for Num Lock inactive. A numeric cluster key. NA means no legend. No key number is assigned for the Break key. Break = Ctrl + Pause or Fn + Key 86. Break key is make only with no break code. 6. No key is assigned for the Sys Req key. Sys Req = Alt+ Print Screen or Fn + key 76. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Key Key Cap Make Code Break Code System Location Legend (NOTE 1) (NOTE 1) Code NOTES -------------------------------------------------------------------------104 . 71 53 3 105 - 7B 4A 3 106 + 79 4E 3 108 Enter E0 5A E0 1C 3 110 Esc 76 01 112 F1 05 3B 113 F2 06 3C 114 F3 04 3D 115 F4 0C 3E 116 F5 03 3F 117 F6 0B 40 118 F7 83 41 119 F8 0A 42 120 F9 01 43 121 F10 09 44 122 F11 78 57 123 F12 07 58 124 Print Scrn E0 12 E0 7C 125 Scroll Lock 7E 46 126 Pause E1 14 77 E1 E0 1D 45 E0 F0 5A E0 F0 7C E0 F0 12 E0 2A E0 37 Break F0 14 F0 77 E1 9D C5 14 E0 7E E0 F0 7E FD 14 1D E0 46 E0 C6 9D 5 SYS REQ 84 54 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES: 1. All scan codes listed are for Shift, Alt, and Ctrl inactive and unless noted, the Break code is the Make code preceded by F0h. 2. Scan codes listed are for Num Lock inactive. 3. A numeric cluster key. 4. NA means no legend. 5. No key number is assigned for the Break key. Break = Ctrl + Pause or Fn + Key 86. Break key is make only with no break code. 6. No key is assigned for the Sys Req key. Sys Req = Alt+ Print Screen or Fn + key 76. ========================================================================= = The following keys have special codes during Normal mode operation depending on the state of the Shift, Num Lock, Alt, and Ctrl keys. Table 10-4 gives the scan codes generated by these keys. Table 10-4. Combination Scan Codes for the Normal Mode ========================================================================= == Key Location Key Cap Scan Code Break Code Shift Active with Legend Num Lock OFF: -------------------------------------------------------------------------75 Ins E0 F0 12 E0 70 E0 F0 70 E0 12 76 Del E0 F0 12 E0 71 E0 F0 71 E0 12 79 (Left Arrow) E0 F0 12 E0 6B E0 F0 6B E0 12 80 Home E0 F0 12 E0 6C E0 F0 6C E0 12 81 End E0 F0 12 E0 69 E0 F0 69 E0 12 83 (Up Arrow) E0 F0 12 E0 75 E0 F0 75 E0 12 84 (Down Arrow) E0 F0 12 E0 72 E0 F0 72 E0 12 85 Page Up E0 F0 12 E0 7D E0 F0 7D E0 12 86 Page Down E0 F0 12 E0 7A E0 F0 7A E0 12 89 (Right Arrow) E0 F0 12 E0 74 E0 F0 74 E0 12 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Key Location Key Cap Scan Code Break Code Shift Active with Legend Num Lock ON: -------------------------------------------------------------------------75 Ins E0 12 E0 70 E0 F0 70 E0 F0 12 76 Del E0 12 E0 71 E0 F0 71 E0 F0 12 79 (Left Arrow) E0 12 E0 6B E0 F0 6B E0 F0 12 80 Home E0 12 E0 6C E0 F0 6C E0 F0 12 81 End E0 12 E0 69 E0 F0 69 E0 F0 12 83 (Up Arrow) E0 12 E0 75 E0 F0 75 E0 F0 12 84 (Down Arrow) E0 12 E0 72 E0 F0 72 E0 F0 12 85 Page Up E0 12 E0 7D E0 F0 7D E0 F0 12 86 Page Down E0 12 E0 7A E0 F0 7A E0 F0 12 89 (Right Arrow) E0 12 E0 74 E0 F0 74 E0 F0 12 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Key Location Key Cap Scan Code Break Code Shift Active with Legend Num Lock OFF: -------------------------------------------------------------------------95 Keypad E0 F0 12 E0 4A E0 F0 4A E0 12 Shift Active or Ctrl Active: 124 Print Scrn E0 7C E0 F0 7C NOTE 2 124 SYS REQ 84 F0 84 NOTE 3 126 Break E0 7E E0 F0 7E -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES: 1. Key 126 is not repeating; it generates a scan code only on the Make condition. 2. No key number is assigned for SYS REQ. 3. No key number is assigned for Break. ========================================================================= == Select Mode The second keyboard mode, Select mode, generates a unique set of scan codes. In this mode, the keyboard controller translations must be disabled, because the controller is not capable of translating the scan code set generated. Applications using the enhanced keyboard in the Select mode must select this mode via the F0h keyboard command. In the Select mode, the keyboard generates the Break code, a 2-byte sequence that consists of a Make code immediately preceded by F0h. Table 10-5 lists the scan codes for the keyboard operating in the Select mode. Table 10-5. Make Codes (Hex) for the Select Mode ========================================================================= == Key Key Cap Make Code NOTES Location Legend (NOTE 1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 ` 0E 4 2 1 16 4 3 2 1E 4 4 3 26 4 5 4 25 4 6 5 2E 4 7 6 36 4 8 7 3D 4 9 8 3E 4 10 9 46 4 11 0 45 4 12 - 4E 4 13 + 55 4 15 Backspace 66 4 16 Tab 0D 4 17 Q 15 4 18 W 1D 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES: 1. All scan codes listed are for Shift, Alt, and Ctrl inactive. 2. NA means no legend. 3. A numeric cluster key. 4. Typematic function default. 5. Make/Break function default. 6. Make only default. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Key Key Cap Make Code NOTES Location Legend (NOTE 1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------19 E 24 4 20 R 2D 4 21 T 2C 4 22 Y 35 4 23 U 3C 4 24 I 43 4 25 O 44 4 26 P 4D 4 27 [ 54 4 28 ] 5B 4 29 \ 5C 5 30 Caps Lock 14 4 31 A 1C 4 32 S 1B 4 33 D 23 4 34 F 2B 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES: 1. All scan codes listed are for Shift, Alt, and Ctrl inactive. 2. NA means no legend. 3. A numeric cluster key. 4. Typematic function default. 5. Make/Break function default. 6. Make only default. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Key Key Cap Make Code NOTES Location Legend (NOTE 1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------35 G 34 4 36 H 33 4 37 J 3B 4 38 K 42 4 39 L 4B 4 40 ; 4C 4 41 ' 52 4 42 \ 53 4,7 43 Enter 5A 4 44 (Left) Shift 12 5 45 \ 13 5,7 46 Z 1A 4 47 X 22 4 48 C 21 4 49 V 2A 4 50 B 32 4 51 N 31 4 52 M 3A 4 53 , 41 4 54 . 49 4 55 / 4A 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES: 1. All scan codes listed are for Shift, Alt, and Ctrl inactive. 2. NA means no legend. 3. A numeric cluster key. 4. Typematic function default. 5. Make/Break function default. 6. Make only default. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Key Key Cap Make Code NOTES Location Legend (NOTE 1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------57 (Right) Shift 59 5 58 (Left) Ctrl 11 5 60 (Left) Alt 19 5 61 (Space Bar) 29 4 62 (Right) Alt 39 6 75 Ins 67 6 76 Del 64 4 79 (Left Arrow) 61 4 80 Home 6E 6 81 End 65 6 83 (Up Arrow) 63 4 84 (Down Arrow) 60 4 85 Page Up 6F 6 86 Page Down 6D 6 89 (Right Arrow) 6A 4 90 Num Lock 76 3 & 6 91 7 6C 3 & 6 92 4 6B 3 & 6 93 1 69 3 & 6 95 / 77 3 & 6 96 8 75 3 & 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES: 1. All scan codes listed are for Shift, Alt, and Ctrl inactive. 2. NA means no legend. 3. A numeric cluster key. 4. Typematic function default. 5. Make/Break function default. 6. Make only default. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Key Key Cap Make Code NOTES Location Legend (NOTE 1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------97 5 73 3 & 6 98 2 72 3 & 6 99 0 70 3 & 6 100 * 7E 3 & 6 101 9 7D 3 & 6 102 6 74 3 & 6 103 3 7A 3 & 6 104 . 71 3 & 6 105 - 84 3 & 6 106 + 7C 3 & 6 108 Enter 79 3 & 6 110 Esc 08 6 112 F1 07 6 113 F2 0F 6 114 F3 17 6 115 F4 1F 6 116 F5 27 6 117 F6 2F 6 118 F7 37 6 119 F8 3F 6 120 F9 47 6 121 F10 4F 6 122 F11 56 6 123 F12 5E 6 124 Print Scrn 57 6 125 Scroll Lock 5F 6 126 Pause 62 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES: 1. All scan codes listed are for Shift, Alt, and Ctrl inactive. 2. NA means no legend. 3. A numeric cluster key. 4. Typematic function default. 5. Make/Break function default. 6. Make only default. ========================================================================= == 10.6 EXTERNAL KEYBOARD/POINTING DEVICE INTERFACE The external keyboard/pointing device interface is accessed through a 6pin DIN connector. Hardware support for the signals to and from the auxiliary input device is provided by the keyboard controller. The Keyboard controller can send commands to the external device at any time. When the external keyboard or pointing device is transmitting to the system, the system first clamps the CLOCK signal line to request a device transmission halt. To ensure that the external device recognizes the system request, the clock line must remain low (0) for at least 60 us. When the device transmission is past the rising edge of the parity bit Clock pulse, the external device completes its transmission before clocking out the controller command. When the keyboard controller is ready to transmit a command to the external device, it sets the Data line low (0). This action serves as both a Request-to-Send and a start bit. Upon detecting the Data line low, the pointing device sets the Clock line low, causing the start bit to be clocked out of the controller. The controller then places the LSB, data bit <0> on the Data line, and the external device clocks out the LSB on the next negative going clock pulse. This process continues until all eight data bits are clocked out of the controller. After all data bits are clocked out of the controller, the controller places an odd parity bit on the Data line. The external device repeats its clocking of the parity bit as before. The external device then sets the Data line low and clocks this line to the keyboard controller for a stop bit. When the external device receives the stop bit, the controller sets the Clock line low to inhibit the device while it is processing the received data. After the external device receives a controller command, the external device returns an ACK code to the controller. If a parity error or timeout occurs, a Resend command is sent to the keyboard controller. Connector The external keyboard cable or external pointing device has a 6-pin circular-type DIN connector that plugs into a dedicated connector. Table 10-6 lists the keyboard/pointing device connector signals. Table 10-6. Keyboard Cable (DIN) Connector Signals ================================== Pin Signal ---------------------------------1 Data 2 NC 3 GND 4 +5VDC 5 Clock 6 NC Shield Chassis GND ================================== 10.7 TRACKBALL The COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25e both incorporate a builtin EasyPoint trackball. The trackball is a serial device that is fully compatible with the Microsoft serial mouse. The trackball may be assigned to COM port 1 or 2. The default assignments are COM port 2 and IRQ 3. IRQ 10 may be used instead of IRQ 3. The trackball may be disabled when an external pointing device is used. A block diagram of the trackball circuit is shown in Figure 10-6. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 10-6. Block Diagram of the Trackball Circuit Acceleration Function Determining the speed of rotation of the trackball is a function of the trackball control circuit. As the trackball rotates, the trackball control circuit receives input counts from the X/Y mounted optically coupled phototransistor/diode encoders. The number of counts is checked at precise intervals by the control circuit and the counts are scaled by an acceleration function to determine the speed of rotation. Figure 10-7 shows the Acceleration function of the trackball control circuit. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 10-7. Acceleration Function Data Format The data transmitted by the trackball to the system consists of the X/Y coordinates of the ball, and the status of the buttons. This data is transmitted in a three-byte serial data packet that is compatible with the Microsoft serial mouse. The serial data is transmitted to the system using the following parameters: Baud Rate Data Bits Start Bits Stop Bits Parity 1200 bps + 2% 7 bits 1 bit 2 or more bits None Figure 10-8 shows the serial data transmission sequence. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 10-8. Serial Data Transmission Sequence Trackball Initialization During power-up detected on the ASCII "M". This and functional. initialization. or system reset, and after a High/Low transition is reset line, the trackball circuit will transmit a single action confirms to the system that the trackball is ready Figure 10-9 shows a timing diagram for trackball ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 10-9. Trackball Initialization Timing Diagram Tables 10-7 through 10-9 show the COM port assignments for the trackball and when an external mouse is present or the Options slot (Modem or serial board) is installed. Table 10-7. COM Port Assignments (No External Mouse) ========================================================================= == COM 1 COM 2 COM 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Option slot not used 9-pin built-in trackball not used IRQ=4 IRQ=3 modem or serial board modem/serial board built-in trackball 9-pin installed IRQ=4 IRQ=3 (default) IRQ=15/10 ========================================================================= == Table 10-8. COM Port Assignments (With External Serial Mouse) ========================================================================= == COM 1 COM 2 COM 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Option slot not used 9-pin not used not used IRQ=4 modem or serial board modem/serial board 9-pin not used installed IRQ=4 IRQ=3 ========================================================================= == Table 10-9. COM Port Assignments (With External PS2 Mouse) ========================================================================= == COM 1 COM 2 COM 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Option slot not used 9-pin not used not used IRQ=4 modem or serial board modem/serial board 9-pin not used installed IRQ=4 IRQ=3 ========================================================================= == 11.1 INTRODUCTION The power supply system consists of the External AC Adapter, Internal Power Supply, Battery Pack, and Auxiliary Battery. Optional equipment includes the External Battery Charger and the Automobile Adapter. This chapter contains the following information: o o o o o o o Functional Description [11.2] Internal Power Supply [11.3] Battery Packs [11.4] Auxiliary Battery [11.5] AC Adapter [11.6] Automobile Adapter [11.7] External Battery Charger [11.8] 11.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The computer is powered from an internal rechargeable battery pack. The standard battery pack for the COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C, COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E, and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 is the Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) type. The standard battery pack for the COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 is a Nickel Cadmium (NiCd)type. The internal power supply is a DC/DC converter that converts the input DC voltage to the voltages required by the computer and display circuitry. An external AC Adapter provides power for the computer and power to recharge both the battery pack and auxiliary battery. Refer to Figure 11-1. The auxiliary battery powers the computer for a short period of time in a reduced power state or standby mode. This reduced power state occurs when the main battery pack is removed in order to replace it with another battery pack. Figure 11-1 shows a block diagram of the power supply system. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 11-1. Block Diagram of the Power Supply System 11.3 INTERNAL POWER SUPPLY The computer has an internal power supply that converts the AC Adapter DC output voltage or battery pack voltage to levels required by the circuitry of the computer and display. The internal power supply provides +5 volts output. Powergood The powergood signal indicates that the +5 volt output is within the required operating limits. This signal is initially low and remains low for approximately 200 milliseconds after the +5 volt output reaches its specified limits. The signal then goes high which indicates the computer is ready to operate. When the Powergood signal is low, the computer is in a reset condition. The Powergood signal appears inverted on pin 76 of the expansion connector as the Resetdrv signal. In addition to being generated at power-up, the Resetdrv signal is also generated whenever the computer leaves the low power or standby mode and returns to normal operation. Power-on The Power-on signal activates the internal power supply when it is driven low (0). Poweron is normally high and is held high by a 40Kohm pullup resistor to the battery voltage. This signal is normally driven low by the computer or can be driven low with external circuitry to control the computer remotely. The internal circuitry (Power-On Switch) is prevented from driving this signal low if the Expandb signal on the expansion connector is connected to ground. External Power Drain The AC Adapter and internal power supply can provide a maximum of 350 milliamps of current at +5 volts to any external equipment connected to the computer. The battery pack can supply a maximum of 250 milliamps of current to external equipment. NOTE: The length of time that the battery pack can maintain power during the low power or standby mode is dependent on many factors. The condition of the battery, the amount of battery charge, the amount of load that internal and external devices place on the battery will affect the amount of time that power is sustained in the standby or low power mode. External equipment connected to the computer should be designed to enter a low power mode or turn off when the computer is in the standby mode. Specifications Specifications for the internal power supply are shown in Table 11-1. Table 11-1. Internal Power Supply Specifications ========================================================================= == Input DC Voltage Range: 10.0 to 18 VDC Power Output: Steady State Peak Output Current: 18.5W 21.0W Maximum 3.64A Peak 4.13A Voltage Regulation: Output +5VDC Nominal +5.075 VDC Regulation 3% of Nominal Voltage ========================================================================= == 11.4 BATTERY PACKS The standard battery pack for the COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C, COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E, and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25 is the Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) type. The standard battery pack for the COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 is the Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) type. Both battery packs provide the same operating voltage and have the same physical dimensions. The Nickel Metal Hydride battery pack has a higher energy density and will provide more power. The battery pack is charged at two different rates, fast charge and trickle charge. The charge rate is dependent on the charge level of the battery pack and the internal temperature of the battery pack. Both types of battery packs contain a microprocessor for monitoring the condition of the internal battery cells and for controlling the charge to the cells. The battery pack microprocessor senses when and at what rate the battery cells are being charged or discharged. Since the microprocessor is located within the battery pack and powered by the battery pack, the charge level of the battery is accurate even when the battery is removed from the computer and later reinstalled. Battery power usage (fuel gauge data) is derived from the information sent by the battery microprocessor to the computer. The battery packs have an amber LED on the front. The LED indicates when the battery pack is in a fast charge condition and is not fully charged. Specifications The electrical specifications of the Nickel Cadmium battery pack are shown in Table 11-2. Table 11-2. Nickel Cadmium Battery Pack Electrical Specifications ========================================================================= == Parameter Value Notes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Open circuit voltage: 12.0V Nominal Capacity: 1.75 Amp-hours 0.34A discharge rate after full charge at 77oF (25oC) Discharge rate: 0.9A Typical Charge rate: Fast Trickle 2.2A 0.1A Typical Typical Temperature: Charge Storage 10oC to 40oC 0oC to 50oC Cycle life: 500 cycles Minimum (cycle = full charge/full discharge) ========================================================================= == The electrical specifications of the Nickel Metal Hydride battery pack are shown in Table 11-3. Table 11-3. Nickel Metal Hydride Battery Pack Electrical Specifications ========================================================================= == Parameter Value Notes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Open circuit voltage: 12.0V Nominal Capacity 2.2 AMP-hours 0.34A discharge rate after full charge at 77oF (25oC) Discharge rate: 0.9A Typical Charge rate: Fast Trickle 2.2A 0.1A Typical Typical Temperature: Charge Storage 10oC to 40oC 0oC to 50oC Cycle life: full 500 cycles Minimum (cycle = full charge / discharge) at 25 degrees C ========================================================================= == The physical specifications for both types of battery packs are shown in Table 11-4. Table 11-4. Battery Pack Physical Specifications ======================================== English Metric ---------------------------------------Height 0.77 in 1.95 cm Depth 5.63 in 14.29 cm Width 3.77 in 9.59 cm Weight 1.30 lb 600 gr ======================================== 11.5 AUXILIARY BATTERY The auxiliary battery is a small internal Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) battery used to power the computer in the low power or standby mode while the battery pack is removed. The auxiliary battery can power the computer at reduced voltage (6 to 8 volts) for up to one minute maximum. The current drain from any external equipment should not exceed 250 milliamps maximum during this low power mode. The auxiliary battery is charged whenever the computer is operating and not in Standby and when the AC Adapter is powering the system. The charging system is designed to recharge the auxiliary battery in three hours if the battery was discharged for one minute at 250 milliamps. 11.6 AC ADAPTER The external AC Adapter converts AC current into DC, to operate the computer and for charging the battery pack and auxiliary battery. The AC Adapter is designed to accept a wide range of AC input voltages. A green LED indicates the AC Adapter is powered and operational. The AC Adapter connects to the computer by means of a 3-conductor cable. Figure 11-2 shows the AC Adapter and power cord. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 11-2. AC Adapter Connector Table 11-5 shows the signals for the 3-pin AC Adapter connector. Table 11-5. AC Adapter Connector ========================================================================= == Pin Signal Name Description -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 DC Output 18 VDC maximum 2 Ground Ground 3 NC No Connection ========================================================================= == Specifications Table 11-6 provides physical and operating specifications for the AC Adapter. Table 11-6. AC Adapter Specifications ========================================================================= == Unit size: Width 5.3 in (13.5 cm) Height 1.4 in (3.6 cm) Depth 3.3 in (8.4 cm) Weight: 0.8 lb (0.36 kg) AC Input: Voltage Frequency Current 100 - 120/220 - 240 Volts AC 50 - 60 Hz 0.8 /0.4 amps DC Output: Voltage 18 VDC maximum Current 2.5 amps maximum Power 35 watts maximum ========================================================================= == 11.7 AUTOMOBILE ADAPTER The optional Automobile Adapter provides a source of DC power electrical system of an automobile. This adapter, like the AC used to power the computer and to charge the battery pack. It to be used with the 12 VDC negative ground electrical systems commercially available motor vehicles today. from the Adapter, is is intended found in The Adapter connects to the automobile electrical system by means of the vehicle's cigarette lighter. Figure 11-3 shows the Automobile Adapter. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 11-3. Automobile Adapter Specifications Table 11-7 shows the specifications for the Automobile Adapter. Table 11-7. Automobile Adapter Specifications ========================================================================= == Input Voltage Range 10 - 18 VDC Maximum Current 2.5A Maximum Output Power 35w Dimensions Height Depth Width 1.5 in (3.8 cm) 3.9 in (9.9 cm) 1.5 in (3.8 cm) Weight 0.55 lb (0.25 kg) ========================================================================= == 11.8 EXTERNAL BATTERY CHARGER The optional External Battery Charger provides the capability of recharging two battery packs outside of the system unit. Power for the external battery charger is provided by the AC Adapter. Figure 11-4 shows the External Battery Charger. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 11-4. External Battery Charger When two batteries are installed, the charger completes the charge of one battery then begins the charge of the second battery. The charger controls the sequence of charging for the two batteries and provides signals to the AC Adapter to control the output of the adapter. When two battery packs are being charged at the same time, they need not be the same type of battery pack. Both types of battery packs can be charged in the charger. Specifications Table 11-8 shows the External Battery Charger specifications. Table 11-8. External Battery Charger Specifications ========================================================================= == Dimensions Width 4.63 in (11.8 cm) Height 1.56 in (3.98 cm) Depth 4.06 in (10.35 cm) Weight 0.48 lb (0.22 kg) Power Operating Voltage 10.0 to 18.3 VDC Operating Current 2.0A Peak Power 60.0w ========================================================================= == 12.1 INTRODUCTION The computer comes equipped with one 3 1/2-inch diskette drive with 1.44 megabytes of data storage possible per diskette. Optional 5 1/4-inch diskette drives with 1.2 megabytes or 360 Kbytes of data storage per diskette may be added with the optional External Storage Module or the Desktop Expansion Base. This chapter contains the following diskette drive information: o o o o Diskette Drives [12.2] Diskette Drive Controller [12.3] Diskette Drive Control Signals [12.4] Specifications [12.5] 12.2 DISKETTE DRIVES The internal 3 1/2-inch 1.44-megabyte diskette drive is by default drive A. The diskette drive is hardwired, with no jumpers or switches added. If an optional External Storage Module containing a 5 1/4-inch diskette drive is installed, the Drive Selection switch on the Storage Module permits the user to designate the external drive as either drive A or as drive B. The internal drive then becomes either drive B or A. The computer must be reset either by pressing the Ctrl + Alt + Del keys or by turning the computer off then on again for the switch setting to be recognized. This feature permits booting from the external drive if it is installed. Figure 12-1 is a functional block diagram for a diskette drive. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 12-1. 1.44-Megabyte Diskette Drive Diskette Drive Functional Block Diagram The 1.44-megabyte diskette drive is a high-capacity diskette drive with the following features: o 0.6-inch high, 3 1/2-inch diskette drive o Two transfer rates: 250 Kb/s (low density) or 500 Kb/s (high density) o Data storage on 80 tracks (135 tpi) o Write- and read-compatible with low density (720-Kbyte) 3 1/2-inch media 1.2-Megabyte Diskette Drive The optional 1.2-megabyte diskette drive is a high-capacity diskette drive with the following features: o 1/3-height, 5 1/4-inch diskette drive o Two transfer rates: 300 Kb/s (low density) or 500 Kb/s (high density) o Data storage on 80 tracks (96 TPI) To read or write to 48-tpi media, the software must step the 96-tpi drive head twice between each 48-tpi track. Because the track width of the 96tpi diskette drive is half the track width of the 48-tpi diskette drive, standard 48-tpi diskette drives may not be able to reliably read diskettes written by the 96-tpi drive in the 48-tpi format. 360-Kbyte Diskette Drive The optional 360-Kbyte diskette drive has the following features: o 1/3-height, 5 1/4-inch diskette drive o Single transfer rate of 250 Kb/s o Double-sided, double-density (DSDD) on 40 tracks (48 tpi) 12.3 DISKETTE DRIVE CONTROLLER The diskette drive controller circuitry, through dedicated I/O port addresses, transmits data to and from a diskette drive. The controller also regulates drive functions, and reads the current drive status. Table 12-1 lists the port addresses of the diskette drive controller. Table 12-1. Port Addresses for the Diskette Drive Controller Circuits ========================================================================= == Port Read/Write Register Function ---1 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3F1h R Media ID 3F2h 372h W Drive Control 3F4h 374h R Main Status 3F5h 375h R/W Data 3F7h 377h R/W Data Transfer Rate Control Diskette Drive Status/Fixed Disk Drive Status ========================================================================= == Diskette Drive Controller Registers The Diskette Drive Controller registers are described in the following paragraphs. Media ID (3F1h, Read Only) The Media ID register can be used to identify a 3 1/2-inch diskette drive and the media installed in the drive. The format for this register is: BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 LOW DENSITY- media ID bit 6..0 Reserved To identify 3 1/2-inch diskette drives: 1. Select drive, turn motor on using 3F2h. 2. Set the data rate to 250 kilobits per second (Kb/s) by writing 02h to 3F7h. 3. Wait two milliseconds. 4. Read bit <7> at 3F1h LOW DENSITY-. If LOW DENSITY- is low, the drive (type) is a 3 1/2-inch diskette drive. If LOW DENSITY- is high, the drive is indeterminate and the media ID bit cannot be used to determine the type of media installed. To identify media type: (If the drive is determined not to be a 3 1/2-inch diskette drive using the above procedure, the media type is indeterminate. If the drive is a 3 1/2-inch diskette drive, the following procedure can be used.) 1. Select drive, turn motor on using 3F2h. 2. Clear the DISKETTE CHANGE- signal if it is active. 3. Set the data rate to 500 Kb/s by writing 00h to 3F7h. 4. Read bit <7> at location 3F1. If the bit is low, 720-megabyte media is installed. If the bit is high then 1.44-megabyte media is installed. Drive Control (3F2h, Write Only) The Drive Control register controls the functions of interrupt and DMA enable, Drive Motor ON, Drive Select, and controller reset. The format for this register is: BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Reserved 5 0 = Diskette drive 2 motor OFF 1 = Diskette drive 2 motor ON 4 0 = Diskette drive 1 motor OFF 1 = Diskette drive 1 motor ON 3 0 = Interrupts and DMA disabled 1 = Interrupts and DMA enabled 2 0 = Reset drive controller 1 = Reenable drive controller 1,0 00 01 10 11 = = = = Diskette drive 1 selected Diskette drive 2 selected Reserved Tape drive selected Main Status (3F4h, Read Only) The Main Status register of the diskette drive controller IC is used as the Diskette Drive Status register. Data (3F5h) Commands and data are written to this port. Data and status bytes are read from this port. Data Transfer Rate Control (3F7h, Write Only) This register contains the current data transfer rate in kilobits per second (Kb/s). The format for this register is: BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..2 Reserved 1,0 Data 00 = 01 = 10 = 11 = Transfer Rate (Kb/s) 500 300 250 1000 Diskette Drive and Fixed Disk Drive Status (3F7h, Read Only) This register provides both diskette drive status information (bit <7>) and fixed disk drive status information (bits <6..0>). The format for this register is as follows: BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Diskette change 6..0 Reserved for fixed disk drive Drive Controller The drive controller accepts commands from the computer that control most drive functions and transfers of data to the drives. The drive controller operates in the ISA-compatible DMA mode for data transfers to and from the system. It issues a DMA request (DRQ2) signal and receives a DMA acknowledge (DACK2-) signal for each byte transferred. All drive controller commands have three operating phases: o The command phase, in which the drive controller receives the command from the system o The execution phase, in which the drive controller carries out the command o The results phase, in which the status and results are read back from the drive controller to the system Programmable Data Transfer Rate The system can transfer data at various rates depending on the drive and the type of media being used. The Data Transfer Rate Control register (3F7h) contains the bits that specify the transfer rate. Table 12-2 lists the data transfer rates of various peripheral devices and medias. Table 12-2. Programmable Data Transfer Rate ========================================================================= == Data Transfer When Using: Rate (in Kb/s) -------------------------------------------------------------------------1000 80-/120-MB tape drive with 80-/120-MB media 500 1.2-MB diskette drive with 1.2-MB media 500 60-MB tape drive with 40-MB media 500 1.44-MB diskette drive with 1.44-MB media 300 1.2-MB diskette drive with 360-KB media 250 360-KB double-density diskette drive with 360-KB media 250 60-MB tape drive with 10-MB media 250 1.44-MB diskette drive with 720-KB media ========================================================================= == Write Precompensation Write precompensation is a process of time shifting write data bits to help cancel out an opposite shift induced during magnetic recording. This process increases data integrity at high data densities. The data density increases as the diskette drive head approaches the center tracks. Write precompensation is always ON and is always 125 ns for all data-transfer rates (500, 300, and 250 Kb/s). 12.4 DISKETTE DRIVE CONTROL SIGNALS The internal diskette drive has one connector. This connector supplies both power and control signals. Table 12-3 describes the diskette drive control signals. Table 12-3. Diskette Drive Control Signals ========================================================================= == Pin Signal I/O Description -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 GND 2 STEP1 Instructs diskette drive to step the heads one track 3 GND 4 WRITE DATAGATE- 1 Data stream sent to diskette when WRITE is enabled 5 GND 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 WRITE GATEGND TRACK 00KEY WRITE PROTECTGND READ DATAGND SIDE 1 SELECTGND DISKETTE CHANGE- 17 LOW DENSITYdrives 18 +5 VDC 19 MEDIA ID20 INDEXis 21 +5 VDC 22 DIRECTION INwhen 1 Enables Write circuits 0 Indicates heads are at Track 0 0 Indicates media is write protected 0 Data-stream read from the enabled diskette 1 Selects side (Head 1) 0 1 Instructs the controller that the drive door has been opened Selects low density mode for dual mode 0 0 POWER Identifies media type Instructs controller that media index hole 1 under index sensor POWER Selects the direction the head is moving a step pulse is issued 23 MOTOR 1 ON1 Activates the drive motor for physical drive 1 24 DRIVE 0 SELECT1 Selects physical drive 0 25 DRIVE 1 SELECT1 Selects physical drive 1 26 MOTOR 0 ON1 Activates the drive motor for physical drive 0 ========================================================================= == 12.5 SPECIFICATIONS Table 12-4 lists the physical and electrical specifications for the 1.44-megabyte, 1.2-megabyte and the 360-Kbyte diskette drives that are installable in the External Storage Module. Table 12-4. Diskette Drive Physical and Electrical Specifications ========================================================================= == 1.44-MB 1.2-MB 360-KB Diskette Drive Diskette Drive Diskette Drive (excluding 5 1/4 inch adapters) -------------------------------------------------------------------------Drive Type 4 2 1 Size Width 4.8 in (10.2 cm) 1.0 in (2.5 cm) 6.056 in (15.4 cm) 5.8 in (14.6 cm) 1.0 in (2.5 cm) 8.0 in (20.3 cm) 5.8 in (14.6 cm) 1.0 in (2.5 cm) 8.0 in (20.3 cm) 2,000,000 bytes 1,474,560 bytes 1,600,000 bytes 1,228,800 bytes 500,000 bytes 368,640 bytes 17,434 FRPI (Track 79) 9875 FRPI (Track 79) 5876 FRPI (Track 39) Data transfer rate high/low density 500/250 Kb/s 500/300 Kb/s 250 Kb/s Sectors/track high/low density 18/9 15/9 9 Bytes/sector 512 512 512 Seek time Track-to-track Average Settling time 3 ms 80 ms 15 ms 3 ms 80 ms 15 ms 6 ms 80 ms 15 ms Rotational speed 300 RPM +/- 1.0% 360 RPM +/- 1.0% 300 RPM +/- 1.5% Height Depth Capacity Unformatted Formatted Flux reversal density Motor start time 700 ms 500 ms 500 ms ========================================================================= == 13.1 INTRODUCTION The computer accommodates one hard drive. The four hard drive sizes available are 120-MB, 84-MB, 60-MB, or 40-MB. One additional hard drive a 210-MB, 120-MB, or 84-MB may be added externally by using the optional Desktop Expansion Base. This chapter provides the following information about the hard drive subsystem: o o o o Functional description [13.2] Hard drive programming [13.3] Connector [13.4] Specifications [13.5] 13.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Integrated hard drives are used with this computer. The hard drive and controller are contained in one assembly. The assembly includes the following components: o A sealed head-disk assembly o A printed circuit board containing the drive electronics and the hard drive controller o A spindle motor o A head-positioning mechanism Each hard drive functions as follows: o Connects directly to the system board for data buffering and I/O address decoding o Has its drive control circuitry I/O mapped into specific I/O addresses o Transfers data to and from the host in 16-bit I/O operations o Automatically retracts the heads and locks them in a "nondata zone" at power down Figure 13-1 shows a functional block diagram of the Hard Drive subsystem. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 13-1. Diagram Hard Drive Subsystem Functional Block 13.3 HARD DRIVE PROGRAMMING All COMPAQ hard drive controllers are fully compatible. The addresses, registers, and command structures are identical. Registers Table 13-1 lists the standard and alternate I/O addresses for the hard drive controller. Table 13-1. Hard Drive Controller I/O Addresses ========================================================================= == I/O Address Read/Write Register ----------1 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------1F0h 170h R/W Data 1F1h 171h R Error 1F1h 171h W Write Precompensation Cylinder 1F2h 172h R/W Sector Count 1F3h 173h R/W Sector Number 1F4h 174h R/W Cylinder Low 1F5h 175h R/W Cylinder High 1F6h 176h R/W Drive Select/Head 1F7h 177h R Status 1F7h 177h W Command 3F6h 376h R Alternate Status 3F6h 376h W Control 3F7h 377h R Drive Address (see NOTE) 3F7h 377h W Not used for hard drive -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE: Only bits <6..0> are resident on the hard drive controller. Bit <7> of this I/O address is resident on the system board. ========================================================================= == Data (1F0h) All data sent to the hard drive controller must pass through the Data register. The Data register is also the port to which the sector table is transferred during format commands. All transfers are high-speed 16-bit I/O operations except for Error Correction Code (ECC) bytes transferred during Read/Write Long commands. Error (1F1h, Read Only) The Error register contains an error status from the last command executed by the hard drive controller. The contents of this register are valid when both the following conditions exist: o The error bit is set in the Status register o The hard drive controller has completed execution of its internal diagnostics The contents of the Error register are interpreted as a diagnostic status byte after the execution of a diagnostic command or when the system is initialized. The format of the Error register byte is shown below. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = A bad-block mark was detected in the requested sector ID field 6 1 = A non-correctable data error has occurred 5 Reserved 4 1 = The requested sector ID field could not be found 3 Reserved 2 1 = The requested command has been aborted because the hard drive status is invalid or because the command code is invalid 1 1 = Track 0 has not been found during a Recalibrate command 0 1 = The data address mark has not been found after finding the correct ID field Write Precompensation Cylinder (1F1h, Write Only) The Write Precompensation Cylinder register defines the cylinder on which write precompensation begins. Precompensation time-shifts write data bits to help negate an opposite shift induced by the magnetic recording process. The controller multiplies the value in the register by 4, giving the bits of this register greater than usual value, or "weight." BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = 29 6 1 = 28 5 1 = 27 4 1 = 26 3 1 = 25 2 1 = 24 1 1 = 23 0 1 = 22 The following tabulation gives some bit values and the resulting starting cylinders for write precompensation: ========================== Bit Values Starting Cylinder -------------------------00000001 4 00000010 8 00000100 16 00001000 32 00010000 64 00100000 128 01000000 256 10000000 512 ========================== Sector Count (1F2h) First, the Sector Count register defines either the number of sectors of data to be read or written or the number of sectors per track for format commands. If the value in this register is zero, a count of 256 sectors is specified. The sector count is decremented as each sector is accessed. The Sector Count register contains the number of sectors left to access when an error occurs in a multisector operation. During the Initialize Drive Parameters command, the Sector Count register contains the number of sectors per track. Sector Number (1F3h) The Sector Number register contains the starting sector number for any hard drive access. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Starting sector number At the completion of each sector and at the end of the command, this register is updated to reflect the last sector correctly read or the sector on which an error occurred. Cylinder Low and Cylinder High (1F4h and 1F5h) The Cylinder Low and Cylinder High registers contain the starting cylinder number for any hard drive access. The Cylinder Low register is for the least-significant 8 bits of the 11bit cylinder number. The three most-significant bits of the cylinder number, bits <10..8>, should be loaded into the Cylinder High register. Bit <2> of the Cylinder High register is the most-significant bit of the 11-bit cylinder address. At the completion of a command, these registers are updated to reflect the current cylinder number. Cylinder Low register: BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Least-significant 8 bits of 11-bit cylinder numbers Cylinder High register: BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..3 Reserved 2..0 Most-significant 3 bits of 11-bit cylinder number Drive Select/Head (1F6h) This register contains the parameters defined below: BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6,5 Sector size 00 = Reserved 01 = 512 Bytes/sector 10 = Reserved 11 = Reserved 4 Drive select 0 = Drive 1 1 = Drive 2 3..0 Head 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0111 0110 0111 select number = 0 1000 = 1 1001 = 2 1010 = 3 1011 = 4 1100 = 5 1101 = 6 1110 = 7 1111 = = = = = = = = 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 NOTE: Setting bit <4> (Drive Select 2) to 1 when no Drive 2 is present may cause the remaining Controller registers not to respond until Drive 1 is selected again. Status (1F7h, Read Only) This register contains the hard drive controller and hard drive status. The contents of this register are updated at the completion of each command. If the Busy bit is set, no other bits are valid. Reading this register clears the hardware interrupt line, IRQ14. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = Controller is busy executing a command. Other hard drive controller register contents are not valid until this bit is reset (= 0). 6 1 = Drive READY- signal is active (see NOTE) 5 1 = Drive WRITE FAULT- signal is active (see NOTE) 4 1 = Drive SEEK COMPLETE- signal is active (see NOTE) 3 1 = Data request. The controller is ready for a byte or word-length data transfer. Verify the state of this bit before a data transfer. 2 1 = A correctable data error has occurred and has been corrected. This condition does not terminate a multisector read operation. 1 1 = Drive INDEX- signal is active. 0 1 = Error has been detected. Examine Error register and the other bits in this register to determine the source. NOTE: When an error exists, the state of the signals does not change until the error is read by the system. Command (1F7h, Write Only) Hard drive controller commands are written to the Command register. Following is a list of executable commands, command codes, and necessary command parameters. ========================================================================= == Command Command Code Parameters Used ---------------------- ---------------- -BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PC SC SN CY DH -------------------------------------------------------------------------Initialize Drive Parameters 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 N Y N N Y Seek Y 0 1 1 1 X X X X N N N Y Recalibrate D 0 0 0 1 X X X X N N N N Read Sector(s) Y 0 0 1 0 0 0 L R N Y Y Y Write Sector(s) Y 0 0 1 1 0 0 L R Y Y Y Y Read Verify Sector(s) 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 R N Y Y Y Y Write Verify Sector(s) 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 Y Y Y Y Y Format Track 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 Y Y N Y Y Execute Drive Diagnostics 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 N N N N D Identify Drive 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 N N N N D Read Sector Buffer 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 N N N N D Write Sector Buffer 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 N N N N D -------------------------------------------------------------------------LEGEND: PC -- the Write Precompensation register SC -- the Sector Count register SN -- the Sector Number register CY -- the Cylinder register DH -- the Drive/Head register L -- the long bit; if 1, read/write long commands are executed, if 0, normal read/write commands are executed R -- the retry bit; if 0, retries are enabled, if 1, retries are disabled Y -- indicates the register contains a valid parameter; for the Drive/Head register, Y means both the drive and the head parameters are used N -- indicates the register does not contain a valid parameter for command D -- indicates drive parameter is valid X -- don't care ========================================================================= == Alternate Status (3F6h, Read Only) The contents of this register are similar to those of the Status register, except in the timing and latch control of the specified signals. Reading this register does not clear any hardware conditions. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = Controller is busy (executing a command). The contents of the other registers are not valid until this bit is reset (= 0) 6 1 = READY- signal is active 5 1 = WRITE FAULT- signal is active 4 1 = SEEK COMPLETE- signal is active 3 1 = Data request. The controller is ready for a byte- or word-length data transfer. Verify the state of this bit before a data transfer. 2 1 = A correctable data error has occurred and has been corrected. This condition does not terminate a multisector read operation. 1 1 = INDEX- signal is active 0 1 = Error has been detected. Examine the Error register and the other register bits to determine source. Drive Control (3F6h, Write Only) The Drive Control register defines several functions of the hard drive controller. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..3 Reserved 2 1 = Resets controller 0 = Reenables the controller 1 0 = Enables interrupts 1 = Disables interrupts 0 Reserved Drive Address (3F7h, Read Only) This register loops back the drive select and head select addresses of the most recently selected hard drive. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved for the diskette drive controller. 6 0 = Drive WRITE GATE- signal is active. 5..2 Head 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 select = 15 = 14 = 13 = 12 = 11 = 10 = 9 = 8 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 1 0 = Drive 1 selected 0 0 = Drive 0 selected = = = = = = = = 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Commands Commands are issued to the controller by loading the pertinent registers with the needed parameters, enabling the hard drive controller interrupt, and then writing the command code to the Command register. Command execution begins when a command is written to the Command register (1F7h). Table 13-2 lists the hard drive controller commands. Table 13-2. Hard Drive Controller Commands ========================================================================= == Command Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------Initialize Drive Parameters 91h Seek 7xh Recalibrate 1xh Read Sectors with retries 20h (without retries 21h) Read Long with retries 22h (without retries 23h) Write Sectors with retries 30h (without retries 31h) Write Long with retries 32h (without retries 33h) Verify Sectors with retries 40h (without retries 41h) Format Track 50h Execute Controller Diagnostic 90h Enter Low Power 94h Enter Idle 95h Enter Low Power and Enable/Disable time-out 96h Enter Idle and Enable/Disable time-out 97h Check Status 98h Identify ECh Read Buffer E4h Write Buffer E8h ========================================================================= == Initialize Drive Parameters (91h) The Initialize Drive Parameters command enables the host to configure the controller to work with hard drives that have different capacities and characteristics. Before this command is executed the Drive Select/Head register must contain the maximum head number and the Sector Count register must contain the number of sectors per track. The parameters loaded into the register prior to issuance of the command define the drive configuration for the specified hard drive. Seek (7xh) The Seek command initiates a seek to the track and selects the head specified. The hard drive need not be formatted for a seek to execute properly. The controller supports buffered step seeks, allowing overlapped seeks on the drives. After initiating a seek on one hard drive, another command can be issued to the other drive. If a new command is received for a hard drive with an outstanding seek, then the controller waits, with the Busy bit in the Status register active, for the seek to complete before executing the new command. There is no time-out condition in the controller while waiting for buffered-step seeks to complete. Recalibrate (1xh) The Recalibrate command moves the Read/Write heads to cylinder 0. If the hard drive is unable to reach cylinder 0, the command is aborted with the error bit set in the Status register and the Track 0 bit set in the Error register. Read Sectors (20h or 21h) The Read Sectors command reads from 1 to 256 sectors as specified in the Sector Count register, beginning at the specified sector. If the hard drive is not already on the requested track, an implied seek is performed at the stepping rate defined in the last Recalibrate command. After reaching the specified track, the controller begins searching for the appropriate ID field. If retries are enabled (20h), 16 revolutions are taken before reporting an ID Not Found error. If retries are disabled (21h), a maximum of 2 revolutions are taken. If the ID is read correctly, the data address mark must be recognized within a fixed number of bytes, or the Data Address Mark Not Found error will be reported. After the data address mark is found, the data field is read and the sector read is finished with either no error, a correctable data error, or a non-correctable data error, depending on whether or not the ECC bytes are correct for the preceding data field. If an error occurs during a multiple-sector read, the read terminates at the sector where the error occurs. The system may then read the registers and determine what error has occurred and on which sector. Read Long (22h or 23h) A Read Long command returns the data field and the ECC bytes contained in the data field of the desired sector. If retries are enabled (22h), a maximum of 16 revolutions are taken before the ID Not Found error is reported. If retries are not enabled (23h), only two revolutions are taken before the ID Not Found error is reported. During a Read Long operation, the controller does not check the ECC bytes to determine if there has been any type of data error. The data bytes are read out of the sector buffer at the completion of the command, which is signaled by an interrupt. All data transfers are high-speed 16-bit operations, all ECC byte transfers on Read Long commands are slower 8-bit operations. Write Sectors (30h or 31h) The Write Sectors command writes from 1 to 256 sectors of data, as specified in the Sector Count register, beginning at the specified sector. If the hard drive is not already on the requested track, an implied seek is performed at the stepping rate defined in the last Recalibrate command. The controller begins searching for the appropriate ID field. If retries are enabled (30h), 16 revolutions are taken before reporting an ID Not Found error. If retries are disabled (31h), a maximum of two revolutions are taken. If the ID is read correctly, the data loaded in the sector buffer are written to the data field of the sector, along with the appropriate number of ECC bytes. If an error occurs during a multiple-sector write, the write terminates at the sector where the error occurs. The system may then read the registers and determine what error has occurred and on which sector. Write Long (32h or 33h) The Write Long command writes the data field and the ECC bytes directly from the sector buffer; the controller does not generate the ECC bytes. All data transfers are high-speed 16-bit operations; all ECC byte transfers on Write Long commands are slower 8-bit operations. If retries are enabled (32h), a maximum of 16 revolutions are taken before the ID Not Found error is reported. If retries are not enabled (33h), only two revolutions are taken before the ID Not Found error is reported. Verify Sectors (40h or 41h) This command is identical to the Read Sectors command, except that no data are transferred back to the system and no Read Long operations are permitted. The read procedure described in the Read command is followed and any errors encountered are reported to the system. This command executes retries the same as the Read command does, whether enabled (40h) or disabled (41h). Format Track (50h) This command formats the track specified by the head and cylinder parameters in the Cylinder High (1F5h) and Cylinder Low (1F4h) registers and the Drive Select/Head register (1F6h). Once the command is issued, a sector table is output to the Data register; additional bytes should be loaded into the buffer until it is full (512 bytes). If the hard drive is not already on the specified track, an implied seek is performed at the last Recalibrate command. After the specified track is reached, the ID and data fields are written using the sector table in the sector buffer. The sector table contains 2 bytes per sector on the track. The first byte is 00h if the sector is to be formatted normally, or 80h if the sector is formatted "bad." The second byte is the logical sector number of the sector. As soon as the hard drive controller senses the index pulse from the hard drive, formatting begins by writing the first physical sector with the logical sector number in the first entry of the sector table. Subsequent physical sectors are formatted in turn from the sector table. The order of the sector table entries will correspond to the interleave factor of the track. Media defects may be marked bad on a sector level, allowing the remainder of the track to be used. Execute Diagnostic (90h) This command performs the internal diagnostic tests implemented by the controller. The results of the test are reported to the Error register immediately after execution of the command. The value in the Error register should be viewed as a unique 8-bit code and not as the single-bit flags previously defined. Table 13-3 lists the error codes and the corresponding description. Table 13-3. Hard Drive Controller Error Codes ================================================= Error Code Description ------------------------------------------------01h No error detected 02h Formatter device error 03h Sector buffer error 04h ECC circuitry error 05h Controller microprocessor error ================================================= Enter Low Power (94h) The Enter Low Power command immediately puts the hard drive into Low Power without waiting for the hard drive Inactivity time-out. Enter Idle (95h) The Enter Idle command immediately puts the hard drive into Idle from Low Power. At this point the hard drive spins up to speed and is ready to be accessed. Enter Low Power and Enable/Disable Time-out (96h) The Enter Low Power and Enable/Disable time-out command immediately puts the hard drive into Low Power without waiting for the hard drive Inactivity time-out. It disables the time-out if the Sector Count register value = 0 or enables the time-out if the Sector Count register value = other than 0. The length of the hard drive Inactivity time-out is the Sector Count register value times 5 seconds. The programmable range is from 12 (60 seconds) to 220 (1100 seconds). Enter Idle and Enable/Disable Time-out (97h) This command immediately puts the hard drive into Idle from Low Power. It disables the time-out if the Sector Count register value = 0 or enables the time-out if the Sector Count register value = other than 0. The length of the hard drive inactivity time-out is the Sector Count register value times 5 seconds. The programmable range is from 12 (60 seconds) to 220 (1100 seconds). Check Status (98h) The Check Status command allows determination of status of the hard drive. If the drive is in Low Power, the value 00h is loaded into the Sector Count register. Otherwise the value FFh is loaded. Identify (ECh) The Identify command allows the host to receive parameter information from the hard drive. When the command is issued, the controller gets the parameters from the hard drive, stores them in the sector buffer, sets the DRQ bit in the Status register, and allows the host to read the information out of the sector buffer. The parameter words in the buffer are described in Table 13-4. Table 13-4. Identify Command Parameter Words ========================================================================= == Word Contents -------------------------------------------------------------------------0 General configuration 1 Number of fixed cylinders 2 Reserved 3 Number of heads 4 Number of unformatted bytes per physical track 5 Number of unformatted bytes per sector 6 Number of physical sectors per track 7 Number of bytes in the intersector gaps 8 Number of bytes in the sync fields 9 Number of words vendor unique status 10..19 Serial number (20 ASCII characters, 0 = not specified) 20 Controller type: 0000 Not specified 0001 Single ported single sector buffer 0003 Dual ported multiple sector buffer with a look-ahead read all other values are RESERVED 21 Controller buffer size in 512-byte increments (0 = not specified) 22 Number of ECC bytes passed on read/write long commands (0 = not specified) 23..26 Controller firmware revision (8 ASCII characters, 0 = not specified) 27..46 Model number (40 ASCII characters, 0 = not specified) 47..255 Reserved ========================================================================= == Table 13-5 gives bit definitions of the general configuration word. Table 13-5. Configuration Word Bit Definitions ========================================================================= == Bit Definition -------------------------------------------------------------------------0 Reserved 1 1 = Hard-sectored 2 1 = Soft-sectored 3 1 = Not MFM encoded 4 1 = Head switch time greater than 15 us 5 1 = Spindle motor control option implemented 6 1 = hard drive 7 1 = Removable cartridge drive 8 1 =Transfer rate less than or equal to 5 Mb/s 9 1 =Transfer rate greater than 5 Mb/s, but less than or equal to 10 Mb/s 10 1 =Transfer rate greater than 10 Mb/s 11 1 = Rotational speed tolerance is greater than 0.5% 12 1 = Data strobe offset option implemented 13 1 = Track offset option implemented 14 1 = Format speed tolerance gap required 15 0 = Magnetic disk drive 1 = Nonmagnetic disk drive ========================================================================= == Read Buffer (E4h) The Read Buffer command allows the system to read the current contents of the controller's sector buffer. When this command is issued, the controller goes busy, sets up the sector buffer for a read operation, sets the Data Request bit (DRQ), and goes not busy. The system can then read as many as 512 bytes of data. Write Buffer (E8h) The Write Buffer command allows the system to overwrite the contents of the controller sector buffer with any data pattern desired. When this command is issued, the controller goes busy, sets up the sector buffer for a write operation, sets the DRQ bit, and goes busy. The system can then write as many as 512 bytes of data. Hard Drive Controller Error Reporting Figure 13-2 Shows the errors that are valid for each command. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 13-2. Errors that are valid 13.4 CONNECTOR Table 13-6 shows the hard drive connector signals. Table 13-6. Hard Drive Connector Signal Definitions ========================================================================= == Pin Signal Description Pin Signal Description -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 RESETReset 23 IOWI/O Write 2 GND Ground 24 GND Ground 3 DD7 Data bit <7> 25 IOR- I/O Read 4 DD8 Data bit <8> 26 GND Ground 5 DD6 Data bit <6> 27 RSVD Reserved 6 DD9 Data bit <9> 28 RSVD Reserved 7 DD5 Data bit <5> 29 IOCHRDY I/O Channel Ready 8 DD10 Data bit <10> 30 GND Ground 9 DD4 Data bit <4> 31 IRQ Interrupt Request 10 DD11 Data bit <11> 32 IO16- 16-bit I/O 11 DD3 Data bit <3> 33 DA1 Address 1 12 DD12 Data bit <12> 34 PDIAG- Pass Diagnostics 13 DD2 Data bit <2> 35 DA0 Address 0 14 DD13 Data bit <13> 36 DA2 Address 2 15 DD1 Data bit <1> 37 CSO- Chip Select 16 DD14 Data bit <14> 38 CS1- Chip select 17 DD0 Data bit <0> 39 ACTIVE- Drive Activity 18 DD15 Data bit <15> 40 GND Ground 19 GND Ground 41 +5V +5V Logic 20 Clipped Key 42 +5V +5V Motor 21 RSVD Reserved 43 GND Ground 22 GND Ground 44 RSVD Reserved ========================================================================= == 13.5 SPECIFICATIONS Table 13-7. 120-Megabyte Hard Drive Physical and Electrical Specifications ========================================================================= == Formatted Capacity Per Drive 121.41 MB Drives Supported 1 Drive Type(s) Supported 50 Transfer Rate (Mb/s) 12 Mb/s Sector Interleave 1:1 Access Time (including settling) Track-to-Track (ms) Average (ms) Maximum (ms) < 5 < 19 < 35 Physical Configuration Cylinders Heads Sectors/Track Bytes/Sector 1122 4 53 + 1 spare 512 Logical Configuration Cylinders 760 Heads 8 Sectors/Track 39 Bytes/Sector 512 ========================================================================= == Table 13-8. 84-Megabyte Hard Drive Physical and Electrical Specifications ========================================================================= == Formatted Capacity Per Drive 84 MB Drives Supported 1 Drive Type(s) Supported 27 Transfer Rate (Mb/s) 10 Mb/s Sector Interleave 1:1 Access Time (including settling) Track-to-Track (ms) Average (ms) Maximum (ms) < 8 < 25 < 45 Physical Configuration Cylinders Heads Sectors/Track Bytes/Sector 1097 6 33 + 1 spare 512 Logical Configuration Cylinders 832 Heads 6 Sectors/Track 33 Bytes/Sector 512 ========================================================================= == Table 13-9. 60-Megabyte Hard Drive Physical and Electrical Specifications ========================================================================= == Formatted Capacity Per Drive 60 MB Drives Supported 1 Drive Type(s) Supported 60 Transfer Rate (Mb/s) 12 Mb/s Sector Interleave 1:1 Access Time (including settling) Track-to-Track (ms) Average (ms) Maximum (ms) < 5 < 19 < 40 Physical Configuration Cylinders Heads Sectors/Track Bytes/Sector 823 4 38 + 1 512 Logical Configuration Cylinders 820 Heads 4 Sectors/Track 38 Bytes/Sector 512 ========================================================================= == Table 13-10. 40-Megabyte Hard Drive Physical and Electrical Specifications ========================================================================= == Formatted Capacity Per Drive 42.65 MB Drives Supported 1 Drive Type(s) Supported 53 Transfer Rate (Mb/s) 12 Mb/s Sector Interleave 1:1 Access Time (including settling) Track-to-Track (ms) Average (ms) Maximum (ms) < 5 < 19 < 40 Physical Configuration Cylinders Heads Sectors/Track Bytes/Sector 1097 4 38 + 1 512 Logical Configuration Cylinders 548 Heads 4 Sectors/Track 38 Bytes/Sector 512 ========================================================================= == 14.1 INTRODUCTION The computer system supports one tape drive. The 60-megabyte and the 80-/120-megabyte drives, both with compression, are available for use in the External Storage Module or the Desktop Expansion Base. Refer to Chapter 15, "Desktop Expansion Base," or Chapter 16, "External Storage Module," for more information. This chapter contains the following information on the tape drive subsystem: o o o o Functional Tape Drive Tape Drive Tape Drive Description [14.2] Commands [14.3] Connector Signals [14.4] Specifications [14.5] 14.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Each tape drive consists of a microprocessor, firmware, stepper motor, drive motor, read/write data head and control circuitry. The logic board uses a Z8 microprocessor with 8 Kbytes of ROM to control the drive. The tape drive logic board interfaces with the: o o o o o o Movable head, which reads and writes data Cartridge-installed sensor Write-protect sensor Beginning-of-Tape/End-of-Tape (BOT/EOT) sensor Stepper motor, which positions the head Drive motor, which advances and rewinds the tape Figure 14-1 is a functional block diagram of the optional tape drive. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 14-1. Tape Drive Functional Block Diagram of the Optional 14.3 TAPE DRIVE COMMANDS The following five fundamental processes are performed by the commands sent to the tape drive: 1. Servo Write, which initializes the tape media by writing index information. 2. Tape Format, which writes block, sector, and track information onto the tape. This information joins the indexing information previously written by Servo Write. This process prepares the data areas consistent with the Diskette Controller Chip (DCC) data format. 3. Write Data, which writes information in the same layout as standard diskette tracks. 4. Read Data, which reads information in the same layout as the diskette tracks. 5. Erase, which erases all information on tape (including servo and data information). NOTE: Tape cartridges that are preformatted for 60- and 80-/120-megabyte capacities are recommended for use with COMPAQ drives. The Servo Write operation is initiated by executing an Enter Format Mode command followed by the Servo Write command. This action moves the tape to the beginning at Block 0 and Head 0 and then writes encoding index pulses on the tape in a streaming-write mode. These pulses are used solely by the tape drive and are not available to the programmer. NOTE: If the Servo Write operation is interrupted, the tape cartridge must be fully erased before it can be used again. The format operation for tape is similar to the format process for diskette drives. To format the tape, the integrated fixed disk drive controller on the system board takes control of the interface and supplies the track and sector data for every block on the track. The data format on the tape has the characteristics of a diskette. The tape drive accepts commands as pulses on the step line. The number of pulses determines the desired command. Any number of pulses not recognized as commands are ignored. The tape drive does not recognize the step pulses unless the DCC is programmed for a 3- or 6-ms gap between pulses. Table 14-1. Tape Drive Command Summary ========================================================================= == Step Command Action Pulses -------------------------------------------------------------------------2 Stop Motion This command stops tape motion. The BUSYline is active for 500 ms after power is removed from the motor. If the tape is not moving when the command is issued, the drive returns a 2-ms pulse on BUSY-; any tape motion command except LOAD POINT may be terminated early by execution of this command. Execution of the Stop Motion command clears an active status indication (BUSY- being active); this acts as an acknowledgment that the host has read the status reported. 3 Pause This command stops tape motion, moves the tape in the logical reverse direction at least two blocks, then stops the tape. This command leaves the tape positioned for reading or writing a block that has been missed. INDEX pulses are output by the drive while the tape is moving, but reading and writing are disabled. BUSY- goes inactive when tape movement stops. 4 Seek to Load Point This command causes drive to SEEK TO TRACK 0 Load Point and rewind the tape at 50 ips to the load point position just inside the beginning of tape (BOT) position. The drive automatically executes a SEEK TO LOAD POINT command whenever power is applied to the drive and a cartridge is installed, or whenever a new cartridge is inserted into the drive. BUSY- is active while executing this command. 5 Move Tape Physically Forward position. This command moves the tape at 60 ips toward physical end of tape (EOT) BUSY- is active during execution of this command. While tape is in motion, the drive will output index pulses at a rate equivalent to that of data blocks passing beneath the head. The tape is at EOT when this command is issued, and the drive responds with a 2-ms pulse on the BUSYline. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Step Command Action Pulses -------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Move Tape Physically This command moves the tape at 60 ips Reverse toward the Physical BOT position. BUSYis active during the Reverse execution of this command. If the tape is at BOT when this command is issued, the drive responds with a 2-ms pulse on the BUSY- line. 7 Report Normal Completion This command causes drive to activate the BUSY- line if the previous TAPE MOTION command (MOVE TAPE PHYSICALLY FORWARD or REVERSE) was completed normally. If the command did not complete normally, BUSYremains inactive. 8 if Report Drive Causes drive to activate the BUSY- line the drive is present and capable of interpreting and responding to the command. If the drive is not present or unable to recognize the command, BUSY- remains inactive. 9 Report End of Tape Causes the drive to activate BUSY- if the head is over the EOT position. If the head is anywhere else, BUSY- remains inactive. 10 Report Beginning of Tape Causes the drive to activate BUSY- if the head of Tape is over the BOT position. If the head is anywhere else, BUSY- remains inactive. 11 Report Cartridge Causes the drive to activate BUSY- if the cartridge is installed in the drive. If the cartridge is not present, BUSY- remains inactive. 12 if Report Track Found Causes drive to activate the BUSY- line the head is positioned over the track specified in the last SEEK TRACK command. If the head is not over the track, BUSYremains inactive. This status remains valid until the next TAPE MOTION command is issued. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Step Command Action Pulses -------------------------------------------------------------------------13 Report New Cartridge Causes drive to activate the BUSY- line if Present the Cartridge Present indication on the drive has been active, gone inactive, and come back active again. If this sequence has not occurred, BUSY- remains inactive. If this status is TRUE, it will be cleared by executing this command. 14 of Move Tape Logically Reverse Initiates tape movement in the direction that logically does not allow reading or writing of data to reverse the tape. The physical direction of tape motion depends on what track the heads are over because the serpentine track pattern used on the tape. BUSY- is active during execution of this command. There will be no response from the drive if the heads are logically at the end of the track. 15 Move Tape Logically Forward Initiates tape movement in the direction that allows reading or writing of data to the tape. The physical direction of tape motion depends on what track the heads are over because of the serpentine track pattern used on the tape. BUSY- is active during execution of this command and index pulses continue to be produced as long as the head is track following. There will be no response from the drive if the heads are logically at the beginning of the track. 16 Enter Format Mode Puts the drive in the mode where INDEX pulses are generated at both the beginning and end of each tape block. The drive issues a 2-ms pulsed response to this command. 17 Enter Normal Mode Puts the drive in the mode where INDEX pulses are generated only at the beginning of each tape block. The drive issues a 2ms pulsed response to this command. 18 Report Expanded Instruction Set The drive gives a positive (TRUE) 2-ms pulsed response. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Step Command Action Pulses -------------------------------------------------------------------------19 Status The drive gives a positive (TRUE) 2-ms pulsed response. The user responds with "N" step pulses to query the inserted tape cartridge. N = 4 through 11 For one group of commands (N = 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11), the drive gives a positive (TRUE) latched response if the cartridge/drive type is TRUE. The drive gives no response if the answer is FALSE. These commands are described as follows: =================================================================== "N" Command Description -----------------------------------------------------------------4 True DC2000 cartridge installed False DC1000 cartridge installed 5 True False High-density (>6400 bpi) tape installed Low-density (6400 bpi) tape installed 6 True False 145/245/285 drive 110/125/225 drive 7 True False DC2000 Long Length capability No DC2000 Long Length capability 8 True False Write Enable gated with Drive Select Write Enable not gated with Drive Select 10 True False Dual-speed drive installed Dual-speed drive not installed 11 True Dual-speed drive set to standard data transfer rate Dual-speed drive set to optional data transfer rate False =================================================================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------Step Command Action Pulses -------------------------------------------------------------------------19 Status (Continued) N = 12 through 16 For a second set of commands (N = 12, 13, 14, 15, 16), the drive will give a multiple-bit response. After receipt of the initial commands (19 step pulses), the drive will give a positive (TRUE) 2-ms pulse response. The user responds with "N" step pulses to query the desired status. The drive will then give a positive (TRUE) latched response, indicating the start of the reporting sequence. The user will then send a Pause/Continue (three step pulses) command to increment the drive to the next bit in the sequence, which is bit <0> (LSB) of the status response. A positive (TRUE) latched response on the BUSY- line indicates a "1" bit, while a negative (FALSE) response indicates a "0" bit. The user continues to read the status bits and to increment to the next bit with the Pause/Continue Command until all of the status bits have been reported. The number of bits in the response is dependent upon the command being used. After the last bit of the status has been received, a Pause/Continue command is sent to advance to the terminating state of the command. The drive will give a positive (TRUE) response to indicate the end of the reporting sequence. This confirms that the communication is still active after a string of zeros has been sent. The final latched response can then be cleared with a Stop (two step pulse) command. Commands N = 12 through 16 are described on the below. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Step Command Action Pulses -------------------------------------------------------------------------19 Status (Continued) N = 12 Provides the drive type and the tape format in two 5-bit responses as follows: Drive Type =========================================== B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Drive Type -----------------------------------------0 0 0 0 0 110/210 0 0 0 0 1 120/220 0 0 0 1 0 125/225 0 0 0 1 1 145/245 0 0 1 0 0 146/246 0 0 1 0 1 165/265 0 0 1 1 0 Reserved : : : : : 1 1 1 1 1 Reserved =========================================== Tape Format =========================================== B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Tape Format -----------------------------------------0 0 0 0 0 No cartridge installed 0 0 0 0 1 110 (6,440 bpi, 8-track) 0 0 0 1 0 120 (6,400 bpi, 14-track) 0 0 0 1 1 125 (10,000 bpi, 20-track) 0 0 1 0 0 145 (10,000 bpi, 20-track) 0 0 1 0 1 165 (13,200 bpi, 24-track) 0 0 1 1 0 185 (11,600 bpi, 32-track) 0 0 1 1 1 120XL (6,400 bpi, 14-track) 0 1 0 0 0 145XL (6,400 bpi, 20-track) 0 1 0 0 1 265XL (6,400 bpi, 24-track) 0 : 1 1 : 1 0 : 1 1 : 1 0 : 1 Reserved Reserved =========================================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------Step Command Action Pulses -------------------------------------------------------------------------19 Status (Continued) N = 13 Provides the general status of the drive as follows: BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = Cartridge installed, long length 6 1 = DC2000 cartridge 5 1 = New cartridge inserted 4 1 = Track found 3 1 = Cartridge present 2 1 = Tape at BOT 1 1 = Tape at EOT 0 1 = Normal completion =========================================== N = 14 This command has an 8-bit response: Dec. B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 -----------------------------------------00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Error: Normal status -- no error already reported 01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Error: Tape format not allowed for this drive 02 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Error: Undefined tape format encountered. 03 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Error: Drive failed to reach operating speed. 04 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Error: After reaching speed, tape speed below error limit. 07 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Error: No tape in cartridge when 1 attempted load point. 08 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Error: Failed to find the load point hole in load point. 09 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 Error: Illegal cartridge found on load point. 10 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 Error: Load point stall occurred. 11 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 Error: Tape run-off in load point. 12 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 Error: BOT double hole encountered while searching for ID bursts. 13 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 Error: Illegal attempt to servo-write a 300 foot tape. 14 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 Error: Failed conventional edge of tape test. 15 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 Error: Failed head travel test. 1 16 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Error: Invalid servo-write attempt 255 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Error: No errors since processor power-up or reset. =========================================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------Step Command Action Pulses -------------------------------------------------------------------------19 Status (Continued) N = 15 Provides various drive operation information BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 19 Status (Continued) N = 16 6 Track-Following Limit 0 = Limiter ON 1 = Limiter OFF 5 Format Mode 0 = Normal mode 1 = Format mode 4 Head Positioner Lock 0 = Lock OFF 1 = Lock ON 3 Mapper State 0 = Mapper OFF 1 = Mapper ON 2..0 Transfer Rate 000 = 250 Kb/s 001 = 500 Kb/s 010 = Reserved 011 = 1.0 Mb/s Provides firmware revision level: This command gives a 10-bit response for the firmware revision level. The revision level is defined by a two-digit code, which can contain letters, numbers or both. The most-significant digits are represented by bits <9..5>. The least-significant digits are represented by bits <4..0>. =========================================== Bits Bits 9..5/ 9..5/ 4..0 Digit 4..0 Digit -----------------------------------------00000 0 10000 G 00001 1 10001 H 00010 2 10010 J 00011 3 10011 K 00100 4 10100 L 00101 5 10101 M 00110 6 10110 N 00111 7 10111 P 01000 8 11000 Q 01001 9 11001 R 01010 A 11010 S 01011 B 11011 T 01100 C 11100 U 01101 D 11101 V 01110 E 11110 W 01111 F 11111 X =========================================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------Step Command Action Pulses -------------------------------------------------------------------------20 Seek Track 0 Initiates tape motion at 50 ips and positions the head over Track 0. While the positioning operation is taking place, INDEX pulses are inhibited. Once the destination track is reached, INDEX pulses are reenabled and tape motion continues at 50 ips to allow reading or writing. 21 Seek Track 1 Initiates tape motion at 50 ips and positions the head over Track 1. While the positioning operation is taking place, INDEX pulses are inhibited. Once the destination track is reached, INDEX pulses are reenabled and tape motion continues at 50 ips to allow reading or writing. 22 Seek Track 2 Initiates tape motion at 50 ips and positions the head over Track 2. While the positioning operation is taking place, INDEX pulses are inhibited. Once the destination track is reached, INDEX pulses are reenabled and tape motion continues at 50 ips to allow reading or writing. 23 Seek Track 3 Initiates tape motion at 50 ips and positions the head over Track 3. While the positioning operation is taking place, INDEX pulses are inhibited. Once the destination track is reached, INDEX pulses are reenabled and tape motion continues at 50 ips to allow reading or writing. 24 Seek Track 4 Initiates tape motion at 50 ips and positions the head over Track 4. While the positioning operation is taking place, INDEX pulses are inhibited. Once the destination track is reached, INDEX pulses are reenabled and tape motion continues at 50 ips to allow reading or writing. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Step Command Action Pulses -------------------------------------------------------------------------25 Seek Track 5 Initiates tape motion at 50 ips and positions the head over Track 5. While the positioning operation is taking place, INDEX pulses are inhibited. Once the destination track is reached, INDEX pulses are reenabled and tape motion continues at 50 ips to allow reading or writing. 26 Seek Track 6 Initiates tape motion at 50 ips and positions the head over Track 6. While the positioning operation is taking place, INDEX pulses are inhibited. Once the destination track is reached, INDEX pulses are reenabled and tape motion continues at 50 ips to allow reading or writing. 27 Seek Track 7 Initiates tape motion at 50 ips and positions the head over Track 7. While the positioning operation is taking place, INDEX pulses are inhibited. Once the destination track is reached, INDEX pulses are reenabled and tape motion continues at 50 ips to allow reading or writing. 28 Track Seek Track "N" Where N = Track Number + 4 and where Number = 0 to 19. The drive shall give a positive (TRUE) 2-ms pulsed response. The user shall respond with "N" step pulses indicating the desired tape track the device will seek. Tape motion will begin, BUSY will go true, and INDEX pulses will be sent when the tape head is trackfollowing on the desired track. -------------------------------------------------------------------------Step Command Action Pulses -------------------------------------------------------------------------29 Erase Tape Moves the tape to the LOAD POINT with the head at the edge of the tape and then erases the entire tape. If a cartridge is not present or is write-protected, this command will be ignored. BUSY- is active during execution of this command and a continuous 250-KHz clock is transmitted over the Read Data Line. Immediately prior to issuing this command, an ENTER FORMAT MODE command must be issued. If not preceded by the ENTER FORMAT MODE command, the erase tape command will be ignored. 30 ms Diagnostic Type "N" The drive will give a positive (TRUE) 2- pulsed response. The user will respond to Type "N" with "N" step pulses indicating the type of action to be taken by the drive. The drive will then give a positive (TRUE) response indicating receipt of the command. Command N = 4 turns the margin verify circuit OFF. The circuit is also turned off when the cartridge is removed from the drive. Command N = 11 requires a third user response "R" (transfer rate) for completion. This command causes the drive to report the search range of the edge of tape algorithm that is in use. This allows test equipment to compute the distance the cam is set below the edge of tape. The drive will go active and send a number of INDEX pulses equal to the number of temporary bursts taken to locate the edge of tape. Once the INDEX pulses have been sent, the drive returns to an inactive state. This is the default mode which does not allow reading and writing. =================================================================== "N" Command Description -----------------------------------------------------------------1 Invalid command 2 Terminate command sequence 3 Invalid command 4 Margin verify off 5 Margin verify on 6 Lock head positioner 7 Step head up 8 Step head down 9 Unlock head positioner 10 Indicate edge of tape algorithm 11 Set drive transfer rate: 1 = Invalid 2 = Terminate command 3 = Invalid 4 = 250 Kb/s 12 13 14 5 = 500 Kb/s 6 = Reserved Kb/s 7 = 1.0 Mb/s Reserved Enable track following limit Disable track following limit =================================================================== 31 Servo Write Moves the tape to the LOAD POINT with the cartridge head over Track 0, then writes the servo information used for head positioning on all 20 tracks. If a cartridge is not present or is write-protected, this command will be ignored. BUSY- is active during execution of this command. Immediately prior to issuing this command, an ENTER FORMAT MODE command must be issued. If not preceded by the ENTER FORMAT MODE command, the SERVO WRITE command will be ignored. The drive will only execute this command when a DC2000 cartridge is installed (cartridge presence status is true). 32 ms Recalibrate This command does nothing but issue a 14- pulse on the BUSY- line to mimic the operation of a diskette drive. No tape drive action is taken. ========================================================================= == Tape Drive Directory Information All blocks after "0" and "1" on Track 0 contain directory and file information. If the backup spanned multiple directories, the first sector of the Save Set would contain directory information. This information tells the tape utility which directories to create on the destination disk during the tape restore process. These sectors are marked as allocated in the File Allocation Table. Table 14-2 lists the format of the directory information. Table 14-2. Directory Information Format ============================================ Function Bytes -------------------------------------------Directory name 1 78 Last entry flag 2 Reserved 2 Directory name N 78 Last entry flag 2 Reserved 2 ============================================ Table 14-3 lists the directory information parameters. Table 14-3. Directory Information Parameters ========================================================================= == Parameter Description -------------------------------------------------------------------------Directory name Directory path name, padded with zeros to 78 bytes, resulting in a standard null-terminated string Last entry flag Indicates status of directory name list 1 = last entry in directory list 0 = more entries in directory list Reserved -========================================================================= == Only the pathnames of the lowest-level subdirectories are saved. All intermediate subdirectories can be recreated from these. Example: The following directory names are generated for the directory shown in Figure 14-2: \DOS \TOOLS\EDITOR \MISC\REPORTS\TEMP \MISC\MEMOS \MISC\EXPENSE ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 14-2. Sample Directory Tape Drive File Information Following the directory information are the sectors containing the file information. The first sector of each file contains a header, which contains various information about the file. Table 14-4 describes the file information. Table 14-4. File Information ========================================================================= == Function Bytes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Header signature (55h, AAh) 2 Filename 108 File attribute 2 Original file time 2 Original file date 2 File size (in bytes) 4 Backup time 2 Backup date 2 Aux file attribute 1 2 Aux file attribute 2 2 ========================================================================= == The tape file information parameters are given in Table 14-5. Table 14-5. Tape File Information Parameters ========================================================================= == Parameter Description -------------------------------------------------------------------------Header signature The 2-byte header signature is 55h, AAh. This signature is used to identify the header or separate it from the rest of the tape information. Filename length, The filename may be up to 107 characters in padded with zeros to 108 bytes, resulting in a standard null-terminated string. No structure is imposed on the filename other than maximum length, but both the TAPE Utility Version 2.1 and 2.2 expect a DOS-style path name (without a drive letter). File attribute This word value is used by the TAPE Utility to retain the original attributes of the file as specified by the operating system. For MS-DOS and MS OS/2, only the low-order byte is used. Original date/time Original date/time of the file. File size 32-bit file size (in bytes). Backup time and date value The date and time the file was backed up. This is the same as the corresponding value in the headers of all the other files that were part of the same backup. Aux file attribute 1 Used with MS-DOS only. Not used in COMPAQ TAPE Utility prior to Version 1.10. In Version 1.10 and later: Bit <0>, if set (= 1), means that this file is continued on the next tape. In this case, the file size indicates only the portion of the file that is on this tape. Bit <1>, if set (= 1), means that this file is continued from the previous tape. In this case, the file size indicates only the portion of the file that is on this tape. Bit <1>, set (= 1) with bit <0> reset (= 0), indicates the last portion of the file. Aux file attribute 2 Reserved, must be "0". ========================================================================= == 14.4 TAPE DRIVE CONNECTOR SIGNALS Tape drives use the same cable, connectors, and pin arrangements as the diskette drives use, for the connections to the main circuit board and the DC power supply. The signal functions are different, and special software drivers are used to control the tape drive. Table 14-6 describes the signal functions. Table 14-6. Tape Drive Signal Functions ========================================================================= == Signal Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------DRIVE 4 (TAPE) SELECT- Drive 4 Select- is used to select 40-MB Tape Drive INDEX- Indicates to the system board that one block has passed READ DATA- The data stream of data and clock pulses from the Tape Drive STEP- Pulses give commands to the tape drive BUSY- Indicates to the system board that the tape drive is still executing a command WRITE DATA- This stream of data is written to the tape when WRITE GATE- is enabled WRITE GATEdata Enables the drive-logic disk-write circuits so from the WRITE DATA- signal are written WRITE PROTECTin Indicates to the system board that the cartridge the drive is write-protected ========================================================================= == 14.5 SPECIFICATIONS The following tables show the physical and electrical specifications for the tape drives. Table 14-7. 60-Megabyte Tape Drive Specifications ========================================================================= == Physical Size: Width 5.7 in (14.5 cm) Height 1.0 in (2.54 cm) Depth 8.0 in (20.3 cm) Weight 1.7 lb (0.77 kg) Formatted capacity (with ECC) 60.9 MB Flux reversal density 10,000 FRI Bit density Data Transfer rate 10,000 bpi 500 Kb/s Head positioning time: Adjacent tracks Move (worst case) 250 ms 1 sec Tape speed: Read/Write Rewind/Fast Forward 50 ips 60 ips Tape end-to-end positioning time: Read/Write Forward/Reverse DC1000 44 sec 35 sec Track density 128 TPI Number of tracks 20 Blocks/track 124/186 Sectors/block 16 Data + 2 ECC DC2000 49 sec 35 sec Bytes/sector 1024 ========================================================================= == Table 14-8. 80-/120-Megabyte Tape Drive Specifications ========================================================================= == Physical Size: Width 5.7 in (14.5 cm) Height 1.0 in (2.54 cm) Depth 8.0 in (20.3 cm) Weight 1.7 lb (0.77 kg) Formatted capacity (with ECC) 81.7/123.7 MB (with ECC) Flux reversal density 11,600 FRI Bit density Data Transfer rate 11,600 bpi 500 Kb/s (80-MB) 1Mb/s (120-MB) Head positioning time: Adjacent tracks Move (worst case) 250 ms 5.5 sec Tape speed: Read/Write Rewind/Fast Forward 500 Kb/s 43 ips 86 ips 1 Mb/s 86 ips 86 ips Tape end-to-end positioning time: Read/Write Forward/Reverse DC 2080 29 sec 29 sec DC 2120 43 sec 43 sec Track density 128 TPI Number of tracks 32 Blocks/track 86/130 Sectors/block 29 Data + 3 ECC Bytes/sector 1024 ========================================================================= == 15.1 INTRODUCTION The Desktop Expansion Base (Figure 15-1) provides the COMPAQ LTE Lite with full desktop computer capabilities. The COMPAQ LTE Lite system unit easily plugs (docks) into the Desktop Expansion Base using a 198-pin connection. When the system unit is connected and the Desktop Expansion Base is turned on, any optional boards or peripherals installed in or connected to the Desktop Expansion Base are fully integrated into the system unit. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 15-1. Desktop Expansion Base with COMPAQ LTE Lite Installed and External Keyboard and Video Monitor Attached The Desktop Expansion Base provides the following functions: o Provides full peripheral access to the functions and features of the COMPAQ LTE Lite. o Provides mounting bays for a diskette drive (1/3 height) and a tape drive (1/2 height). o Provides two full size 8-/16-bit ISA expansion slots. o Duplicates the parallel, serial, pointing device (mouse), and external VGA-compatible monitor connectors on the COMPAQ LTE Lite system unit and adds an external keyboard interface, allowing such devices to be left attached to the Desktop Expansion Base when the system unit is detached. o Duplicates the AC Adapter by providing DC power to the system unit and by fast charging the system unit battery. o Automatically adjusts to any input line voltage from 90 to 264 VAC, 50 or 60 Hz. o Provides a convenient, sturdy mounting base for an external VGA-compatible monitor. 15.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Figure 15-2 shows a functional block diagram of the Desktop Expansion Base. The following paragraphs provide a discussion of the functions of the Desktop Expansion Base. Mass Storage Device Support The Desktop Expansion Base provides mounting bays for two mass storage devices; one 1/3 height device (such as a diskette drive) and one 1/2 height (such as a tape drive). When a diskette drive is installed in the Desktop Expansion Base, an A/B switch on the rear panel allows the selection of that drive as being either drive A (boot disk) or drive B. ISA Expansion Bus Support The Desktop Expansion Base can accommodate two full-size 8-/16-bit ISA expansion boards. A detailed description of ISA expansion bus operation is provided in Chapter 5, "Expansion Support." ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 15-2. Desktop Expansion Base Block Diagram Power Supplies The Desktop Expansion Base contains two separate power supplies. One power supply provides DC power and battery charging for a docked system unit. This power supply is active as long as the Desktop Expansion Base is plugged into an AC outlet and in effect replaces the AC Adapter of the system unit. The second power supply provides DC power to the fan, external keyboard, pointing device, and any ISA expansion boards and mass storage devices that may be installed in the Desktop Expansion Base. This power supply is controlled by the power switch at the front of the Desktop Expansion Base. When this power switch is turned on, a Power On signal is applied to the system unit (if docked), logically overriding the power switch on the system unit and forcing the system unit to a powered up condition. Connectors When a COMPAQ LTE Lite system unit is docked with the Desktop Expansion Base, a 198-pin connection is made that allows the transfer of DC-power and ISA expansion bus signals, and allows duplication of the following I/O interfaces of the system unit: o o o o Serial interface Parallel interface Keyboard interface VGA monitor interface For pinouts of the 198-pin External Options Interface Connector and the duplicated connectors refer to Appendix B, "Connectors." ISA Expansion Bus Connectors The Desktop Expansion Base provides two full size ISA expansion bus slots to accommodate 8-/16-bit ISA expansion boards. Figure 15-3 shows the ISA connectors and pinouts for these slots. Refer to Chapter 5, "Expansion Support," for a description of the expansion bus signals. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 15-3a. ISA Expansion Bus Connector (Part 1 of 2) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 15-3b. ISA Expansion Bus Connector (Part 2 of 2) Switches A DIP switch located on the system board of the Desktop Expansion Base provides control of optional mass storage devices. Table 15-1 lists the functions of the DIP switch positions. Table 15-1. DIP Switch Settings ========================================================================= == Switch Function Setting -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 Hard Drive Enable OFF = Disabled ON = Enabled 2 Hard Drive IRQ Select OFF = IRQ10 ON = IRQ11 3 Reserved n/a 4 Diskette Interface Used OFF = Not used ON = Diskette/tape installed 5 A/B Switch Enable OFF = Enabled ON = Disabled ========================================================================= == 16.1 INTRODUCTION The External Storage Module and External Options Adapter combination permits the addition of an external diskette or tape drive. The External Storage Module and External Options Adapter combination connect to the 198-pin External Options Connector on the rear panel of the computer. The External Storage Module has its own AC power supply. The External Storage Module (Figure 16-1) supports one of the following options: o A one-third height 5 1/4-Inch 1.2-megabyte diskette drive o A one-third height 5 1/4-Inch 360-Kbyte diskette drive o A one-third height 80-/120-megabyte Tape Drive o A one-third height 60-megabyte Tape Drive ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 16-1. External Storage Module If a diskette drive is installed in the unit, a switch on the External Storage Module (Figure 16-2) allows the user to configure the external diskette drive as drive A (bootable) or as drive B. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 16-2. A/B Diskette Drive Selection Switch 16.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION A block diagram for the External Storage Module is shown in Figure 16-3. The External Storage Module includes a self-contained AC power supply and supports one diskette or tape drive. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 16-3. Module Block Diagram of the External Storage 16.3 EXTERNAL STORAGE MODULE CONNECTORS The External Storage Module comes with a 24-inch long cable and a 28-pin SCSI-type connector that attaches to the External Options Adapter. Signal descriptions are given in Table 16-1. Table 16-1. 28-Pin SCSI-Type Connector Signals ========================================================================= == Pin I/O Signal Name Function -------------------------------------------------------------------------1..5 GND Ground 6 heads I STEP- Tells the diskette drive to step the one track 7 the I DIR IN- Selects the direction in which to move head when a step pulse is issued 8 I MOTOR- Activates the drive motor 9 I DSEL-EV- External installed diskette drive select INDEX- Indicates to the diskette drive 10 I controller that the diskette index hole is under the sensor 11 O controller DSK CHNG- Indicates to the diskette drive that the drive door has been opened and that different diskette may have been installed 12 drive I DR-SEL4- Allows selection of an installed tape 13 O LOWDENMEDIA- Indicates low-density diskette 14 I LOWDEN- When high-capacity drives are in use, selects HIGH (500 Kb/s) or LOW (300 Kb/s) mode 15 I HIGHDEN Select for high density diskette drives 16 -- GND Ground 17 the O BOOT Causes the diskette drive installed in External Storage Module to be recognized as Drive A or Drive B 18 O installed EXT-FLPY- Indicates that diskette drive is in the External Storage Module 19 drive I HEAD1 SEL- Selects side one head on the diskette 20 drive O RDATA- The data stream read from the diskette containing CLOCK and DATA signals 21 O controller WRTPROT- Indicates to the diskette drive that the media is write-protected 22 O controller TRACK 0- Indicates to the diskette drive that the heads are at track 0 23 I WRTGATE- Enables the diskette drive write circuits so that the WRTDATA signal is written 24 I WRTDATA- The data stream to be written to the diskette drive when WRTGATE- is enabled 25..28 -GND Ground ========================================================================= == The connector used to connect the tape or diskette drive to the External Storage Module has 34-pins. The signals found in the 34-pin connector are described in Table 16-2. Table 16-2. 34-Pin Connector Signals ========================================================================= == Pin Signal Name Pin Signal Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 GND 18 DIRIN2 LOWDEN- 19 GND 3 GND 20 STEP- 4 LOWDENMEDIA- 21 GND 5 GND 22 WRTDATA- 6 DRVSEL4- 23 GND 7 GND 24 WRTGATE- 8 INDEX- 25 GND 9 GND 26 TRACK 00- 10 Reserved 27 GND 11 GND 28 WRTPROT- 12 DSEL-EV- 29 GND 13 GND 30 RDATA- 14 Reserved 31 GND 15 GND 32 HEAD1SEL- 16 MOTOR- 33 GND 17 GND 34 DSK CHNG========================================================================= == 16.4 SPECIFICATIONS Table 16-3 gives the specifications for the External Storage Module. Table 16-3. External Storage Module Specifications ========================================================================= == Unit size Width Height Depth Weight Without storage device With drive installed Power requirements Input voltage Output power 6.5 in (16.5 cm) 2.3 in (5.8 cm) 12.0 in (30.5 cm) 2.6 lb (1.2 kg) 4.5 lb (2.0 kg) 110 to 240 VAC 5 VDC at 0.6A continuous 0.8A peak (100 ms) 12 VDC at 1.0A continuous 2.5A peak (1.8 sec) Temperature Operating Non-operating 50oF to 95oF (10oC to 39oC) -22oF to 140oF (-30oC to 60oC) Relative humidity (non-conducting) Operating Non-operating 20% to 80% 5% to 95% Shock Operating Non-operating 5 G 0.5 sine, 11 ms, any axis 30 G 0.5 sine, 11 ms, any axis Vibration (2-hour duration) Operating Non-operating 0.25 G 5 to 500 Hz 0.5 oct/min sweep 0.50 G 5 to 500 Hz 0.5 oct/min sweep Heat output installed Varies according to option(s) Noise level installed Varies according to option(s) Maximum altitude above mean sea level Operating Non-operating 10,000 ft (3048 m) 30,000 ft (9144 m) Agency compliances UL, CSA, TUV, FCC ========================================================================= == 16.5 EXTERNAL OPTIONS ADAPTER The External Options Adapter is required when connecting the External Storage Module to the computer. The External Options Adapter has three separate connectors. The 198-pin connector plugs into the External Options Connector on the rear of the computer. The 28-pin SCSI type connector accepts the connector on the cable from the External Storage Module. The third connector is the External keyboard connector. Figure 16-4 shows the External Options Adapter. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 16-4. External Options Adapter Specifications Table 16-4 provides physical specifications for the External Options Adapter. Table 16-4. External Options Adapter Specifications ====================================================== Dimensions Width 2.65 in (7.7 cm) Height 2.40 in (6.1 cm) Depth 0.86 in (2.8 cm) Weight 0.15 lbs (2.4 oz) ====================================================== APPENDIX A. ERROR MESSAGES The following tables list the error codes and a brief description of the probable source of the error. Your computer will generate only those codes applicable to your configuration and options. Power-On Self-Test Messages Table A-1 lists error messages that may occur as part of the Power-On Self-Test (POST). Table A-1. Power-On Self-Test Messages ========================================================================= == Message Beeps Probable Cause -----------------------------------------------------------------------(Two very short beeps) 2 Short Invalid time or date RESUME = "F1" key 2 Very Short Power-on successful No visible message None Any failure 101-I/O ROM error 1 Option ROM checksum 101-ROM error 1 Long, 1 Short System ROM checksum 102-System Board Failure None DMA or timers 102-System or Memory Board failure None High-order addresses 162-System Options Error 2 Short No diskette drives or mismatch in drive types 162-System Options Not Set 2 Short System SETUP 163-Time & Date Not Set 2 Short Invalid time or date 164-Memory Size Error 2 Short Memory size discrepancy 167 RTC Lost Power 2 Short Clock/Calendar battery XX000Y ZZ 201-Memory Error None RAM failure XX000Y ZZ 203-Memory Error None RAM failure -------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE: XX000Y ZZ = Address (XX), byte (Y), data bit (ZZ) of failed memory test -------------------------------------------------------------------------Message Beeps Probable Cause -------------------------------------------------------------------------205-Cache Memory Failure None Cache Memory Failure 301-Keyboard Error None Keyboard failure 301-Keyboard Error or Test Fixture Installed None Keyboard test fixture 303-Keyboard Controller Error None Keyboard controller 304-Keyboard or System Unit Error None Keyboard interface None Diskette drive 602-Diskette Drive Boot Record Error None Diskette drive does not have a valid boot record 605-Diskette Drive Type Error None Wrong drive type used in SETUP utility 610-External Storage Device Failure None External Storage Module connected but turned off 702-Coprocessor Detection Error None Configuration error 601-Diskette Drive Controller Error controller 1125-Internal Serial Port Failure None Configuration error 1150 Comm Port Error 2 Short Configuration error 1771-Primary Hard Drive Port Address Assignment Conflict 2 Short Internal and external Hard Drive controllers assigned to primary address -------------------------------------------------------------------------Message Beeps Probable Cause -------------------------------------------------------------------------1780-Hard Drive 0 Failure None Hard drive format error 1781-Hard Drive 1 Failure None Hard drive format error 1782-Hard Drive Controller Failure None Hard drive controller error 1790-Hard Drive 0 Error None Defective Hard drive 1791-Hard Drive 1 Error None Defective Hard drive XX000Y ZZ Parity Check 2 None Parity RAM failure Audible 1 Short Power-on successful Audible 2 Short Power-on successful (RESUME = "F1" KEY) None As indicated to continue -------------------------------------------------------------------------XX000Y ZZ = Address (XX), byte (Y), data bit (ZZ) of failed memory test ========================================================================= == Diagnostics Error Messages The following tables list error messages that may occur during Diagnostics testing. Processor Table A-2 lists error messages that relate to the system processor or to other system board devices. Table A-2. Processor Error Messages ========================================================================= == Message Probable Cause -------------------------------------------------------------------------101-01 CPU test failed 101-02 32-Bit CPU test failed 101-91 Multiplication test failed : 101-94 -------------------------------------------------------------------------102-01 Numeric coprocessor initial status word incorrect 102-02 Numeric coprocessor initial control word incorrect 102-03 Numeric coprocessor tag word not all ones 102-04 Numeric coprocessor tag word not all zeros 102-05 Numeric coprocessor exchange command failed 102-06 Numeric coprocessor masked exception incorrectly handled 102-07 handled Numeric coprocessor unmasked exception incorrectly 102-08 Numeric coprocessor wrong mask bit set in Status register 102-09 Numeric coprocessor unable to store real number 102-10 Numeric coprocessor real number calculation test failed 102-11 Numeric coprocessor speed test failed 102-12 Numeric coprocessor pattern test failed 102-15 Numeric coprocessor is inoperative or socket is unoccupied -------------------------------------------------------------------------103-01 DMA page registers test failed 103-02 DMA byte controller test failed 103-03 DMA word controller test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------104-01 Interrupt controller master test failed 104-02 Interrupt controller slave test failed 104-03 Interrupt controller software RTC is inoperative -------------------------------------------------------------------------105-01 Port 61 bit <6> not at zero 105-02 Port 61 bit <5> not at zero 105-03 Port 61 bit <3> not at zero 105-04 Port 61 bit <1> not at zero 105-05 Port 61 bit <0> not at zero 105-06 Port 61 bit <5> not at one 105-07 Port 61 bit <3> not at one 105-08 Port 61 bit <1> not at one 105-09 Port 61 bit <0> not at one 105-10 Port 61 I/O test failed 105-11 Port 61 bit <7> not at zero 105-12 Port 61 bit <2> not at zero 105-13 No interrupt generated by failsafe timer 105-14 NMI not triggered by failsafe timer 106-01 Keyboard controller self-test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------107-01 CMOS RAM test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------108-02 CMOS interrupt test failed 108-03 CMOS interrupt test, CMOS not properly initialized -------------------------------------------------------------------------109-01 CMOS clock load data test failed 109-02 CMOS clock rollover test failed 109-03 CMOS clock test, CMOS not properly initialized -------------------------------------------------------------------------110-01 Programmable timer load data test failed 110-02 Programmable timer dynamic test failed 110-03 Program timer 2 load data test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------111-01 Refresh detect test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------112-01 Speed test Slow mode out of range 112-02 Speed test Mixed mode out of range 112-03 Speed test Fast mode out of range 112-04 Speed test unable to enter Slow mode 112-05 Speed test unable to enter Mixed mode 112-06 Speed test unable to enter Fast mode 112-07 Speed test system error 112-08 Unable to enter Auto mode in speed test 112-09 Unable to enter High mode in speed test 112-10 Speed test High mode out of range 112-11 Speed test Auto mode out of range 112-12 Speed test Variable speed mode inoperative -------------------------------------------------------------------------113-01 Protected mode test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------114-01 Speaker test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------116-xx Way 0 read/write test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------199-00 Installed devices test failed ========================================================================= == Memory Table A-3 lists error messages for memory-related errors. Table A-3. Memory Error Messages ========================================================================= == Message Probable Cause -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 200-04 Real memory size changed 200-05 Extended memory size changed 200-06 Invalid memory configuration 200-07 Extended memory size changed 200-08 CLIM memory size changed -------------------------------------------------------------------------201-01 Memory machine ID test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------202-01 Memory system ROM checksum failed 202-02 Failed RAM/ROM map test 202-03 Failed RAM/ROM protect test -------------------------------------------------------------------------203-01 Memory read/write test failed 203-02 Error while saving block under test in read/write test 203-03 Error while restoring block under test in read/write test -------------------------------------------------------------------------204-01 Memory address test failed 204-02 Error while saving block under test in address test 204-03 Error while restoring block under test in address test 204-04 A20 address test failed 204-05 Page hit address test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------205-01 Walking I/O test failed 205-02 Error while saving block under test in walking I/O test 205-03 Error while restoring block under test in walking I/O test -------------------------------------------------------------------------206-xx Increment pattern test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------210-01 Memory increment pattern test 210-02 Error while saving memory in increment pattern test 210-03 Error while restoring memory in increment pattern test -------------------------------------------------------------------------211-01 Memory random pattern test 211-02 Error while saving memory in random memory pattern test 211-03 Error while restoring memory in random memory pattern test ========================================================================= == Keyboard Table A-4 lists error messages for keyboard-related errors. Table A-4. Keyboard Error Messages ========================================================================= == Message Probable Cause -------------------------------------------------------------------------301-01 Keyboard short test:, controller self-test failed 301-02 Keyboard short test, interface test failed 301-03 Keyboard short test, echo test failed 301-04 Keyboard short test, keyboard reset failed 301-05 Keyboard short test, keyboard reset failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------302-01 Keyboard long test, failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------303-01 Keyboard LED test, controller self-test failed 303-02 Keyboard LED test, reset test failed 303-03 Keyboard LED test, reset failed 303-04 Keyboard LED test, LED command test failed 303-05 Keyboard LED test, LED command test failed 303-06 Keyboard LED test, LED command test failed 303-07 Keyboard LED test, LED command test failed 303-08 Keyboard LED test, command byte restore test failed 303-09 Keyboard LED test, LEDs failed to light -------------------------------------------------------------------------304-01 Keyboard repeat key test failed 304-02 Unable to enter mode 3 304-03 Incorrect scan code from keyboard 304-04 No Make code observed 304-05 Cannot disable repeat key feature 304-06 Unable to return to Normal mode ========================================================================= == Printer Table A-5 lists error messages for printer-related errors. Table A-5. Printer Error Messages ========================================================================= == Message Probable Cause -------------------------------------------------------------------------401-01 Printer failed or not connected -------------------------------------------------------------------------402-01 Printer Data register failed 402-02 Printer Control register failed 402-03 Printer Data register and Control register failed 402-04 Printer loopback test failed 402-05 Printer loopback test and Data register failed 402-06 Printer loopback test and Control register failed 402-07 Loopback test, Data register, and Control register failed 402-08 Printer interrupt test failed 402-09 Printer interrupt test and Data register failed 402-10 Printer interrupt test and Control register failed 402-11 Printer Data register, and Control register failed 402-12 Printer interrupt test and loopback test failed 402-13 Printer interrupt test, loopback test, and the Data register failed 402-14 Printer interrupt test, loopback test, and Control register failed 402-15 Printer interrupt test, loopback test, Data register, and Control register failed 402-16 Printer unexpected interrupt received -------------------------------------------------------------------------403-01 Printer pattern test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------498-00 Printer failed or not connected ========================================================================= == Diskette Drive Table A-6 lists error messages for diskette drive-related errors. Table A-6. Diskette Drive Error Messages ========================================================================= == Message Probable Cause -------------------------------------------------------------------------600-xx Diskette drive ID test 600-05 Failed to reset controller 600-20 Failed to get drive type -------------------------------------------------------------------------601-xx Diskette drive format 601-05 Failed to reset controller 601-09 Failed to format a track 601-23 Failed to set drive type in ID media -------------------------------------------------------------------------602-xx Diskette read test 602-01 Exceeded maximum soft error limit 602-02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit 602-03 Previously exceeded maximum soft error limit 602-04 Previously exceeded maximum hard error limit 602-05 Failed to reset controller 602-06 Fatal error while reading -------------------------------------------------------------------------603-xx Diskette drive read/write compare test 603-01 Exceeded maximum soft error limit 603-02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit 603-03 Previously exceeded maximum soft error limit 603-04 Previously exceeded maximum hard error limit 603-05 Failed to reset controller 603-06 Fatal error while reading 603-07 Fatal error while writing 603-08 Failed compare of read/write buffers -------------------------------------------------------------------------604-xx Diskette drive random seek test 604-01 Exceeded maximum soft error limit 604-02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit 604-03 Previously exceeded maximum soft error limit 604-04 Previously exceeded maximum hard error limit 604-05 Failed to reset controller 604-06 Fatal error while reading -------------------------------------------------------------------------605-xx Diskette drive ID media test 605-20 Failed to get drive type 605-24 Failed to read diskette media 605-25 Failed to verify diskette media -------------------------------------------------------------------------606-xx Diskette drive speed test 606-26 Failed to read media in speed test 606-27 Failed speed limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------607-xx Diskette wrap test 607-10 Failed sector wrap test -------------------------------------------------------------------------608-xx Diskette drive write-protect test 608-28 Failed write-protect test -------------------------------------------------------------------------609-xx Diskette drive reset controller test 609-05 Failed to reset controller -------------------------------------------------------------------------610-xx Diskette drive change line test 610-21 Failed to get change line status 610-22 Failed to clear change line status -------------------------------------------------------------------------694-00 Pin 34 not cut on 360-Kbyte diskette drive -------------------------------------------------------------------------697-00 Diskette type error -------------------------------------------------------------------------6xx-01 Exceeded maximum soft error limit 6xx-02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit 6xx-03 Previously exceeded maximum soft error limit 6xx-04 Previously exceeded maximum hard error limit 6xx-05 Failed to reset controller 6xx-06 Fatal error while reading 6xx-07 Fatal error while writing 6xx-08 Failed compare of read/write buffers 6xx-09 Failed to format a track 6xx-10 Failed sector wrap test 6xx-20 Failed to get drive type 6xx-22 Failed to clear change line status 6xx-23 Failed to set drive type in ID media 6xx-24 Failed to read diskette media 6xx-25 Failed to verify diskette media 6xx-26 Failed to read media in speed test 6xx-27 Failed speed limits 6xx-28 Failed write-protect test -------------------------------------------------------------------------698-00 Diskette drive speed not within limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------699-00 Drive/media ID error -- rerun SETUP ========================================================================= == Serial Communications Table A-7 lists error messages for serial communications-related errors. Table A-7. Serial Communications Error Messages ========================================================================= == Message Probable Cause -------------------------------------------------------------------------1101-01 Serial port test, UART DLAB bit failure 1101-02 Serial port test, line input or UART fault 1101-03 Serial port test, address line fault 1101-04 Serial port test, data line fault 1101-05 Serial port test, UART control signal failure 1101-06 Serial port test, UART THRE bit failure 1101-07 Serial port test, UART DATA READY bit failure 1101-08 Serial port test, UART TX/RX buffer failure 1101-09 Serial port test, INTERRUPT circuit failure 1101-10 Serial port test, COM1 set to invalid interrupt 1101-11 Serial port test, COM2 set to invalid interrupt 1101-12 Serial port test, DRIVER/RECEIVER control signal failure 1101-13 Serial port test, UART control signal interrupt failure 1101-14 Serial port test, DRIVER/RECEIVER data failure -------------------------------------------------------------------------1109-01 Clock register initialization failure 1109-02 Clock register rollover failure 1109-03 Clock reset failure 1109-04 Input line or clock failure 1109-05 Address line fault 1109-06 Data line fault -------------------------------------------------------------------------1150-xx Comm port SETUP error (run SETUP) ========================================================================= == Modem Communications Table A-8 lists modem communications error messages. Table A-8. Modem Error Messages ========================================================================= == Message Probable Cause -------------------------------------------------------------------------1201-xx Modem internal loopback test 1201-01 UART DLAB bit failure 1201-02 Line input or UART failure 1201-03 Address line fault 1201-04 Data line fault 1201-05 UART control signal failure 1201-06 UART THRE bit failure 1201-07 UART DATA READY bit failure 1201-08 UART TX/RX buffer failure 1201-09 Interrupt circuit failure 1201-10 COM1 set to invalid interrupt 1201-11 COM2 set to invalid interrupt 1201-12 DRIVER/RECEIVER control signal failure 1201-13 UART control signal interrupt failure 1201-14 DRIVER/RECEIVER data failure 1201-15 Modem detection failure 1201-16 Modem ROM, checksum failure 1201-17 Tone detection failure -------------------------------------------------------------------------1202-xx Modem internal test 1202-01 Time-out waiting for SYNC (local loopback mode) 1202-02 Time-out waiting for response (local loopback mode) 1202-03 Exceeded data block retry limit (loopback mode) 1202-11 Time-out waiting for SYNC (loopback originate mode) 1202-12 Time-out of modem response (loopback originate mode) 1202-13 Exceeded data block retry limit (loopback originate mode) 1202-21 Time-out waiting for SYNC ( loopback answer mode) 1202-22 Time-out (analog loopback answer mode) 1202-23 Exceeded data block retry limit (loopback answer mode) -------------------------------------------------------------------------1203-xx Modem external termination test 1203-01 Modem external TIP/RING failure 1203-02 Modem external DATA TIP/RING failure 1203-03 Modem line termination failure -------------------------------------------------------------------------1204-xx Modem auto originate test 1204-01 Modem time-out waiting for SYNC 1204-02 Modem time-out waiting for response 1204-03 Modem exceeded data block retry limit 1204-04 RCV exceeded carrier lost limit 1204-05 XMIT exceeded carrier lost limit 1204-06 Time-out waiting for dial tone 1204-07 Dial number string too long 1204-08 Modem time-out waiting for remote response 1204-09 Modem exceeded maximum redial limit 1204-10 Line quality prevented remote connection 1204-11 Modem time-out waiting for remote connection -------------------------------------------------------------------------1205-xx Modem auto answer test 1205-01 Modem time-out waiting for SYNC 1205-02 Modem time-out waiting for response 1205-03 Modem exceeded data block retry limit 1205-04 RCV exceeded carrier lost limit 1205-05 XMIT exceeded carrier lost limit 1205-06 Time-out waiting for dial tone 1205-07 Dial number string too long 1205-08 Modem time-out waiting for remote response 1205-09 Modem exceeded maximum redial limit 1205-10 Line quality prevented remote connection 1205-11 Modem time-out waiting for remote connection -------------------------------------------------------------------------1206-xx Dial multi-frequency tone test 1206-17 Tone detection failure -------------------------------------------------------------------------1210-xx Modem direct connect test 1210-01 Modem time-out waiting for SYNC 1210-02 Modem time-out waiting for response 1210-03 Modem exceeded data block retry limit 1210-04 RCV exceeded carrier lost limit 1210-05 XMIT exceeded carrier lost limit 1210-06 Time-out waiting for dial tone 1210-07 Dial number string too long 1210-08 Modem time-out waiting for remote response 1210-09 Modem exceeded maximum redial limit 1210-10 Line quality prevented remote connection 1210-11 Modem time-out waiting for remote connection ========================================================================= == Hard Drive Table A-9 lists error messages for hard drive-related errors. Table A-9. Hard Drive Error Messages ========================================================================= == Message Probable Cause -------------------------------------------------------------------------1700-xx Hard drive ID test 1700-05 Failed to reset controller 1700-09 Failed to format a track 1700-41 Failed to ID hard drive (drive not ready) 1700-42 Failed to recalibrate drive 1700-45 Failed to get drive parameters from ROM 1700-46 Invalid drive parameters found in ROM 1700-66 Failed to initialize drive parameter 1700-69 Failed to read drive size from controller 1700-70 Failed translate mode 1700-71 Failed non-translate mode -------------------------------------------------------------------------1701-xx Hard drive format 1701-05 Failed to reset controller 1701-09 Failed to format a cylinder 1701-42 Failed to recalibrate drive 1701-58 Failed to write sector buffer 1701-59 Failed to read sector buffer 1701-66 Failed to initialize drive parameter -------------------------------------------------------------------------1702-xx Hard drive read test 1702-01 Exceeded maximum soft error limit 1702-02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit 1702-03 Previously exceeded maximum soft error limit 1702-04 Previously exceeded maximum hard error limit 1702-05 Failed to reset controller 1702-06 Fatal error while reading 1702-40 Failed cylinder 0 1702-65 Exceeded maximum bad sectors per track 1702-68 Failed to read long 1702-70 Failed translate mode 1702-71 Failed non-translate mode 1702-72 Bad track limit exceeded 1702-73 Previously exceeded bad track limit -------------------------------------------------------------------------1703-xx Hard drive read/write compare test 1703-01 Exceeded maximum soft error limit 1703-02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit 1703-03 Previously exceeded maximum soft error limit 1703-04 Previously exceeded maximum hard error limit 1703-05 Failed to reset controller 1703-06 Fatal error while reading 1703-07 Fatal error while writing 1703-08 Failed compare of read/write buffers 1703-40 Cylinder 0 error 1703-55 Cylinder 1 error 1703-63 Failed soft error rate 1703-65 Exceeded maximum bad sectors per track 1703-67 Failed to write long 1703-68 Failed to read long 1703-70 Failed translate mode 1703-71 Failed non-translate mode 1703-72 Bad track limit exceeded 1703-73 Previously exceeded bad track limit -------------------------------------------------------------------------1704-xx Hard drive random seek test 1704-01 Exceeded maximum soft error limit 1704-02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit 1704-03 Previously exceeded maximum soft error limit 1704-04 Previously exceeded maximum hard error limit 1704-05 Failed to reset controller 1704-06 Fatal error while reading 1705-40 Cylinder 0 error 1704-55 Cylinder 1 error 1704-65 Exceeded maximum bad sectors per track 1704-70 Failed translate mode 1704-71 Failed non-translate mode 1704-72 Bad track limit exceeded 1704-73 Previously exceeded bad track limit -------------------------------------------------------------------------1705-xx Hard drive controller test 1705-05 Failed to reset controller 1705-44 Failed 1705-56 Failed controller RAM diagnostics controller diagnostics 1705-57 Failed controller to drive diagnostics -------------------------------------------------------------------------1706-xx Hard drive ready test 1706-41 Drive not ready -------------------------------------------------------------------------1707-xx Hard drive recalibrate test 1707-42 Failed to recalibrate drive -------------------------------------------------------------------------1708-xx Hard drive format bad track test 1708-02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit 1708-05 Failed to reset controller 1708-09 Format bad track failed 1708-42 Recalibrate drive failed 1708-58 Failed to write sector buffer 1708-59 Failed to read sector buffer -------------------------------------------------------------------------1709-xx Hard drive reset controller test 1709-05 Failed to reset controller -------------------------------------------------------------------------1710-xx Hard drive park head test 1710-45 Failed to get drive parameters from ROM 1710-47 Failed to park heads -------------------------------------------------------------------------1714-xx Hard drive file write test 1714-01 Exceeded maximum soft error limit 1714-02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit 1714-03 Previously exceeded maximum soft error limit 1714-04 Previously exceeded maximum hard error limit 1714-05 Failed to reset controller 1714-06 Fatal error while reading 1714-07 Fatal error while writing 1714-08 Failed compare of read/write buffers 1714-10 Failed diskette sector wrap during read 1714-48 Failed to move disk table to RAM 1714-49 Failed to read diskette media in file write test 1714-50 Failed file I/O write test 1714-51 Failed file I/O read test 1714-52 Failed file I/O compare test 1714-55 Failed cylinder 1 1714-65 Exceeded maximum bad sectors per track 1714-70 Failed translate mode 1714-71 Failed non-translate mode 1714-72 Bad track limit exceeded 1714-73 Previously exceeded bad track limit -------------------------------------------------------------------------1715-xx Hard drive drive/head select test 1715-45 Failed to get drive parameters from ROM 1715-53 Failed drive/head register test 1715-54 Failed digital input register test -------------------------------------------------------------------------1716-xx Hard drive conditional format test 1716-01 Exceeded maximum soft error limit 1716-02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit 1716-05 Failed to reset controller 1716-06 Fatal error while reading 1716-07 Fatal error while writing 1716-08 Failed compare of read/write buffers 1716-40 Cylinder 0 error 1716-42 Failed to recalibrate 1716-55 Cylinder 1 error 1716-58 Failed to write sector buffer 1716-59 Failed to read sector buffer 1716-60 Failed to compare sector buffer 1716-65 Exceeded maximum bad sectors per track 1716-66 Failed to initialize drive 1716-70 Failed translate mode 1716-71 Failed non-translate mode 1716-72 Bad track limit exceeded 1716-73 Previously exceeded bad track limit -------------------------------------------------------------------------1717-xx Hard drive ECC test 1717-01 Exceeded maximum soft error limit 1717-02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit 1717-03 Previously exceeded maximum soft error limit 1717-04 Previously exceeded maximum hard error limit 1717-05 Reset controller failed 1717-06 Fatal error while reading (BIOS status > 0 x 20) 1717-07 Fatal error while writing 1717-08 Compare data failed 1717-40 Cylinder 0 failed 1717-55 Cylinder 1 failed 1717-61 Failed uncorrectable error 1717-62 Failed correctable error 1717-65 Exceeded maximum bad sectors per track 1717-67 Failed to write long 1717-68 Failed to read long 1717-70 Failed translate mode 1717-71 Failed non-translate mode 1717-73 Previously exceeded bad track limit -------------------------------------------------------------------------1719-xx Hard drive power mode test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------17xx-01 Exceeded maximum soft error limit 17xx-02 Exceeded maximum hard error limit -------------------------------------------------------------------------1719-03 Previously exceeded maximum soft error limit 1719-04 Previously exceeded maximum hard error limit 1719-05 Failed to reset controller 1719-06 Fatal error while reading 1719-07 Fatal error while writing 1719-08 Failed compare of read/write/compare 1719-09 Failed to format a track 1719-10 Failed sector wrap test 1719-19 Controller failed to deallocate bad sectors 1719-40 Failed cylinder 0 1719-41 Drive not ready 1719-42 Recalibrate failed 1719-43 Failed to format bad track 1719-44 Failed Hard drive controller diagnostics 1719-45 Failed to get drive parameters from ROM 1719-46 Invalid drive parameters found in ROM 1719-47 Failed to park heads 1719-48 Failed to move Hard drive table to RAM 1719-49 Failed to read media in file write test 1719-50 Failed file I/O write test 1719-51 Failed file I/O read test 1719-52 Failed file I/O compare test 1719-53 Failed drive/head register test 1719-54 Failed digital input register test 1719-55 Failed cylinder 1 1719-56 Hard drive controller RAM diagnostics failed 1719-57 Hard drive controller to drive test failed 1719-58 Failed to write sector buffer 1719-59 Failed to read sector buffer 1719-60 Failed to compare sector buffer 1719-61 Failed uncorrectable ECC error 1719-62 Failed correctable ECC error 1719-63 Failed soft error rate 1719-65 Exceeded maximum bad sectors per track 1719-66 Failed initial drive parameter 1719-67 Failed to write long 1719-68 Failed to read long 1719-69 Failed to read drive size from controller 1719-70 Failed translate mode 1719-71 Failed non-translate mode 1719-72 Bad track limit exceeded 1719-73 Previously exceeded bad track limit 1719-74 Failed sleep mode 1719-75 Failed idle mode 1719-76 Failed standby mode 1719-77 Failed to change mode 1719-78 Exceeded spinup time limit ========================================================================= == Tape Drive Table A-10 lists error messages for tape drive-related errors. Table A-10. Tape Drive Error Messages ========================================================================= == Message Probable Cause -------------------------------------------------------------------------1900-xx Tape ID failed 1900-01 Hard drive not installed 1900-02 Cartridge not installed 1900-26 Cannot identify Hard drive 1900-27 Hard drive incompatible with controller -------------------------------------------------------------------------1901-xx Tape Servo Write 1901-01 Drive not installed 1901-02 Cartridge not installed 1901-03 Tape motion error 1901-04 Drive busy error 1901-05 Track seek error 1901-06 Tape write-protected error 1901-07 Tape already Servo written 1901-08 Unable to Servo Write 1901-11 Drive recalibration error 1901-21 Got Servo pulses second time, but not first 1901-22 Never got to EOT after Servo check 1901-25 Unable to erase cartridge 1901-27 Drive not compatible with controller 1901-91 Power lost during test, replace cartridge, or bulk erase it -------------------------------------------------------------------------1902-xx Tape format 1902-01 Drive not installed 1902-02 Cartridge not installed 1902-03 Tape motion error 1902-04 Drive busy error 1902-05 Track seek error 1902-06 Tape write-protected error 1902-09 Unable to format 1902-10 Format mode error 1902-11 Drive recalibration error 1902-12 Tape not Servo Written 1902-13 Tape not formatted 1902-21 Got servo pulses second time, but not first 1902-22 Never got to EOT after servo check 1902-27 Drive not compatible with controller 1902-28 Format gap error -------------------------------------------------------------------------1903-xx Tape drive sensor test 1903-01 Drive not installed 1903-23 Change line unset 1903-27 Drive not compatible with controller -------------------------------------------------------------------------1904-xx Tape BOT/EOT test 1904-01 Drive not installed 1904-02 Cartridge not installed 1904-03 Tape motion error 1904-04 Drive busy error 1904-05 Track seek error 1904-15 Sensor error flag 1904-27 Drive not compatible with controller 1904-30 Exception bit not set 1904-31 Unexpected drive status 1904-32 Device fault 1904-33 Illegal command 1904-34 No data detected 1904-35 Power-on reset occurred -------------------------------------------------------------------------1905-xx Tape read test 1905-01 Drive not installed 1905-02 Cartridge not installed 1905-03 Tape motion error 1905-04 Drive busy error 1905-05 Track seek error 1905-14 Drive time-out error 1905-16 Block locate (block ID) error 1905-17 Soft error limit exceeded 1905-18 Hard error limit exceeded 1905-19 Write error (probable ID error) 1905-27 Drive not compatible with controller 1905-30 Exception bit not set 1905-31 Unexpected drive status 1905-32 Device fault 1905-33 Illegal command 1905-34 No data detected 1905-35 Power-on reset occurred -------------------------------------------------------------------------1906-xx Tape read/write compare test failed 1906-01 Drive not installed 1906-02 Cartridge not installed 1906-03 Tape motion error 1906-04 Drive busy error 1906-05 Track seek error 1906-06 Tape write-protected error 1906-14 Drive time-out error 1906-16 Block locate (block ID) error 1906-17 Soft error limit exceeded 1906-18 Hard error limit exceeded 1906-19 Write error (probable ID error) 1906-20 NEC fatal error 1906-27 Drive not compatible with controller 1906-30 Exception bit not set 1906-31 Unexpected drive status 1906-32 Device fault 1906-33 Illegal command 1906-34 No data detected 1906-35 Power-on reset occurred -------------------------------------------------------------------------1907-xx Tape write-protected test 1907-24 Failed write-protected test 1907-30 Exception bit not set 1907-31 Unexpected drive status 1907-32 Device fault 1907-33 Illegal command 1907-34 No data detected 1907-35 Power-on reset occurred -------------------------------------------------------------------------19xx-01 Drive not installed 19xx-02 Cartridge not installed 19xx-03 Tape motion error 19xx-04 Drive busy error 19xx-05 Track seek error 19xx-06 Tape write-protected error 19xx-07 Tape already Servo Written 19xx-08 Unable to Servo Write 19xx-09 Unable to format 19xx-10 Format mode error 19xx-11 Drive recalibration error 19xx-12 Tape not Servo Written 19xx-13 Tape not formatted 19xx-14 Drive time-out error 19xx-15 Sensor error flag 19xx-16 Block locate (block ID) error 19xx-17 Soft error limit exceeded 19xx-18 Hard error limit exceeded 19xx-19 Write (probably ID) error 19xx-20 NEC fatal error 19xx-21 Got servo pulses second time but not first 19xx-22 Never got to EOT after servo check 19xx-23 Change line unset 19xx-24 Write-protect error 19xx-25 Unable to erase cartridge 19xx-26 Cannot identify drive 19xx-27 Drive not compatible with controller 19xx-28 Format gap error 19xx-36 Failed to set FLEX format mode 19xx-37 Failed to reset FLEX format mode 19xx-38 Data mismatched on directory track 19xx-39 Data mismatched on track 0 19xx-40 Failed self-test ========================================================================= == Video Table A-11 lists the error codes for the Video subsystem. Table A-11. Video Error Messages ========================================================================= == Message Probable Cause -------------------------------------------------------------------------2402-01 Video memory test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2403-01 Video attribute test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2404-01 Video character set test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2405-01 Video 80 x 25 mode 9 x 14 character cell test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2406-01 Video 80 x 25 mode 8 x 8 character cell test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2407-01 Video 40 x 25 mode test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2408-01 Video 320 x 200 mode color set 0 test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2409-01 Video 320 x 200 mode color set 1 test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2410-01 Video 640 x 200 mode test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2411-01 Video screen memory page test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2412-01 Video gray scale test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2414-01 Video white screen test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2416-01 Video noise pattern test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2418-01 Video memory test failed 2418-02 Video Shadow RAM test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2419-01 Video ROM checksum test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2420-01 Video attribute test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2421-01 Video 640 x 200 Graphics mode test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2422-01 Video 640 x 350 16-color set test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2423-01 Video 640 x 350 64-color set test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2424-01 Video monochrome Text mode test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2425-01 Video monochrome graphics mode test failed -------------------------------------------------------------------------2431-01 Video 640 x 480 graphics test failure -------------------------------------------------------------------------2432-01 Video 320 x 200 Graphics (256-color mode) test failure ========================================================================= == Pointing Device Interface Table A-12 lists the error messages pointing device interface-related errors. Table A-12. Pointing Device Interface Error Messages ========================================================================= == Message Probable Cause -------------------------------------------------------------------------8601-xx Pointing device interface 8601-01 Mouse ID fails 8601-02 Left button is inoperative 8601-03 Left button is stuck closed 8601-04 Right button is inoperative 8601-05 Right button is stuck closed 8601-06 Left block not selected 8601-07 Right block not selected 8601-08 Time-out occurred 8601-09 Mouse loopback test failed 8601-10 Pointing device is inoperative ========================================================================= == B.1 INTRODUCTION This appendix describes the connectors used in the COMPAQ LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers. B.2 CONNECTORS The connectors described in this appendix include the following: o Parallel connector o o o o o o Serial connector Pointing Device/External Keyboard connector External Numeric Keypad connector VGA monitor connector AC Adapter connector External Options connector Figure B-1 shows the location of all of the connectors found on the rear panel of the computer. Connector Locations ILLUSTRATION OF Figure B-1. Connector Locations Figures B-2 through B-8 detail each connector found on the rear panel of the computer. Parallel Connector ILLUSTRATION OF Figure B-2. Parallel Connector Serial Connector ILLUSTRATION OF Figure B-3. Serial Connector Pointing Device/External Keyboard Connector ILLUSTRATION OF Figure B-4. Pointing Device/External Keyboard Connector External Numeric Keypad Connector ILLUSTRATION OF Figure B-5. External Numeric Keypad Connector VGA Monitor Connector ILLUSTRATION OF Figure B-6. VGA Monitor Connector AC Adapter Connector ILLUSTRATION OF Figure B-7. AC Adapter Connector External Options Connector ILLUSTRATION OF Figure B-8a. External Options Connector (Part 1 of 4) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure B-8b. External Options Connector (Part 2 of 4) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure B-8c. External Options Connector (Part 3 of 4) ILLUSTRATION OF Figure B-8d. External Options Connector (Part 4 of 4) C.1 INTRODUCTION The COMPAQ LTE Lite contains power conservation features that are designed to extend operating time while running under battery power. These features are user-controllable with hotkey combinations and though the SETUP and PWRCON utilities. Note that when the system unit is powered from an AC source, the power conservation features are not available. Power conservation involves the control and interaction of three elements: o Battery condition o Power conservation level setting o Mode of reduced power operation. A new feature, Hibernation, has been added that provides data loss security, protection from battery rundown, and a "bookmark" function. C.2 BATTERY CONDITIONS The computer recognizes two battery conditions: low battery 1 and low battery 2. Low Battery 1 -- In this condition, the battery pack has approximately six percent of its charge remaining. The computer indicates this condition by flashing the power/low battery light once every second and, initially, beeping the speaker six times (if the speaker is enabled). Low Battery 2 -- When this condition is reached, the battery pack has only two percent of its charge remaining. This condition is indicated by the power/low battery light flashing twice every second, and the speaker (if enabled), initially beeping twice per second. C.3 POWER CONSERVATION LEVELS The COMPAQ LTE Lite features user-selectable power conservation levels. The power conservation level determines parameters such as subsystem timeouts, display brightness, and processor speed, all which affect the amount of drain the system places on the battery pack. The power conservation levels are selected with hotkey combinations (from the integrated keyboard only). Table C-1 shows the power conservation level settings. Table C-1. Power Conservation Level Settings ========================================================================= == Parameter High Medium * Drain Custom # -------------------------------------------------------------------------System idle timeout 1 min 3 min 0 min 0 (disabled) -17 min Standby timeout 5 min 10 min 0 min 0 (disabled) -17 min Hard drive timeout 1 min 2 min 0 min 0 (disabled) -31 min Screen save timeout 2 min 5 min 0 min 0 (disabled) -31 min Display brightness 50% 100% 100% 0 - 100% Processor speed: LTE Lite/25 and LTE Lite/25C 12.5 MHz 25 MHz 25 MHz 3, 6, 12, 25 MHz LTE Lite/20 10.0 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 2, 5, 10, 20 MHz -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Default at power-up # Configured with PWRCON utility or SETUP ========================================================================= == C.4 REDUCED POWER CONDITIONS The computer can be in one of two conditions of reduced power operation: system idle or system standby. The computer can enter these modes only while operating on battery power. System Idle The computer achieves the system idle condition when various subsystems, after a period of inactivity, are placed in a reduced power mode. A power management firmware routine is then run that clears timer registers, slows the CPU clock speed, and dims the LCD panel. The subsystems that determine the status of system idle condition are then monitored for I/O port or IRQ activity, which, if detected, results in a System Management Interrupt (SMI) being generated and immediately brings the computer out of the system idle condition. Table C-2 lists the subsystems and respective ports/IRQs that are monitored. Table C-2. Subsystems Monitored for Activity During System Idle ========================================================================= == Subsystem Monitored Ports or IRQs -------------------------------------------------------------------------Keyboard/Mouse IRQ1/IRQ12 Hard Drive 1F0h - 1F7h and 3F6h, 3F7h Diskette Drive IRQ6 Serial Ports 3F8h - 3FFh and 2F8 - 2FFh Parallel Port 378h - 37Fh, 278h - 27Fh, or 3BCh - 3BFh Enhanced Option Slot 3F8h - 3FFh, 2F8h - 2Fh, or variable address location and range ========================================================================= == The monitoring function is provided by the 386SL chipset, which uses local trap/timeout registers (to monitor specific I/O ports) and global trap/timeout registers (to monitor specific IRQs). Refer to the documentation listed in Chapter 1, "Introduction," for more detailed information on these registers. The following paragraphs discuss subsystem details concerning the system idle condition. Processor During System Idle During system idle, the CPU speed is slowed to 1/8 of normal speed. This is accomplished by firmware placing 11b into the Fast CPU field of the CPUWRMODE register. Processing continues during system idle, but at reduced performance. NOTE: The turbo pin of the 386SL is permanently pulled up in the COMPAQ LTE Lite so that the processor, in normal operation, always runs in turbo mode. Keyboard/Mouse Interface During System Idle The keyboard/mouse interface is monitored during system idle by global trap/timer registers of the 386SL chipset. The trap/timer registers monitor IRQ 1 (for the keyboard) and IRQ12 (for the mouse if so configured). Note that if the mouse is not configured, or is configured for another IRQ (as indicated in the miscellaneous options register) then the system idle and system standby conditions will not be contingent on mouse activity. The inactivity timers of the traps are set with the value of the system idle timeout value selected by the user. Note that in the case for the global traps, activity detected from the keyboard (IRQ1), mouse (IRQ12), or the diskette drive controller (IRQ6) will cause an SMI that results in the inactivity register being reset for all three subsystems. Video Subsystem During System Idle In the system idle condition, the brightness of the LCD is dimmed. This is achieved by the firmware setting the pulse width modulation (PWM1) signal (that controls the LCD back or edge lighting) to a duty cycle that corresponds to the user-selected dim level. The PWM1 Compare (System Processor Index 87h, R/W) and the PW Prescaler (System Processor Index 97h, R/W) registers are used to determine the amount of dimming (percentage of PWM1's duty cycle) desired. If an external monitor is attached to the computer and the video DAC is enabled, the external monitor will continue to provide a normal display during system idle. Hard Drive During System Idle The operating mode of the hard drive is basically independent of the system idle condition of the computer, except when a drive access occurs, which will bring the computer out of the system idle condition. The hard drive has four operating modes: o o o o Normal Idle Spin Down Off Hard Drive Normal Mode In Normal mode, the hard drive circuitry is completely powered up and the platters are spinning. Hard Drive Idle Mode The hard drive has its own Idle mode, during which time no read, write, or seek operations are occurring and part of the drive circuitry is turned off. This Idle mode is controlled by the drive itself, completely independent of other system hardware and firmware. Hard Drive Spin Down Mode The hard drive Spin Down mode is determined by the hard drive timeout parameter set by the user. After a predefined period of drive inactivity, the drive motors and a large portion of the drive circuitry are turned off. A drive access request will bring the hard drive out of the Spin Down mode, but requires approximately 10 seconds for the drive platters to spin up to speed before the request is serviced. The hard drive can exit the Spin Down mode by entering the Off mode, being activated by a read/write request, or as the result of the system unit being plugged into AC power with the AC Adapter (this last situation will be discussed later). Hard Drive Off Mode The hard drive enters an Off mode after two minutes of inactivity in the Spin Down mode. In the Off mode, the hard drive interface signals are tristated and the circuitry turned off. For the hard drive to achieve the Off mode, two trap timers (one to monitor ports 1F0h - 1F7h and the other to monitor ports 3F6h and 3F7h) must both time out. The firmware then sets bit 6 of the SMOUT_CNTRL register (of the 386SL), resulting in the following: o Signals HD7, HDCS0-, and HDCS1- (data bit 7 and chip selects) from the 82360SL are tristated o Signals HDENL- and HDENH- are driven high to disable the data buffers o DEV1 signal driven low to remove power from the hard drive circuitry The hard drive can still, in the "off" mode, detect a request for drive access, in which case the drive becomes fully operational (after a spin up time of about 10 seconds). After the access is complete, the inactivity (trap) timers are reset and the drive returns to its own "idle" mode. Another situation that will bring the hard drive out of the "off" mode is when AC power is connected to the system unit through the AC Adapter. Refer to the section "Exiting Standby by Connecting AC Power" later in the appendix. Diskette Drive Controller During System Idle During the system idle condition, the diskette controller disables the internal clock signal and powers down a portion of the drive circuitry. An access (writing to the diskette controller data register or to the main status register) will bring the diskette controller out of its low power mode, requiring several milliseconds delay while the clock is enabled. An access brings the computer out of system idle by generating an IRQ6 that is detected by global trap/timer registers of the 386SL chipset. The inactivity timers of the traps are set with the value of the system idle timeout value selected by the user. Note that in the case for the global traps, activity detected from the keyboard (IRQ1), mouse (IRQ12), or the diskette drive controller (IRQ6) will cause an SMI that results in the inactivity register being reset for all three subsystems. Serial Interface During System Idle The serial interface is monitored during system idle by two sets of local trap/timer registers of the 386SL chipset. The trap/timer registers monitor the I/O port ranges of 3F8h - 3FFh and 2F8h - 2FFh. The inactivity timers of the traps are set with the value of the system idle timeout value selected by the user. Parallel Interface During System Idle The Parallel interface is monitored during system idle by local trap/timer registers of the 386SL chipset. The trap/timer registers monitor the I/O port ranges of either LPT1, LPT2, or LPT3, (see Table C-2) depending on the configuration (LPT1 is the default). The inactivity timers of the traps are set with the value of the system idle timeout value selected by the user. Enhanced Option Slot Interface During System Idle The enhanced option slot interface is monitored during system idle by local trap/timer registers of the 386SL chipset. The trap/timer registers monitor the I/O port ranges of either COM1, COM2, or the programmed ranged address range (see Table C-2). The inactivity timers of the traps are set with the value of the system idle timeout value selected by the user. The modems currently available to use in the option slot include power management logic that acts independently of the system firmware (i.e., they can power themselves down). The option slot includes an output signal, SLOTON-, which can be used to turn off a modem or other peripheral device that is installed in the enhanced option slot IF the peripheral device is designed to support this feature. The SLOTON- signal can be driven low by firmware to turn off the peripheral device to conserve power, and then driven high again to turn on the peripheral if needed. System Standby In system Standby, processing is stopped and a large portion of the system is either powered off or placed in a low power mode (Table C-3). In this condition, the LCD is completely turned off and the system memory is held active so that data in memory is not lost. The system Standby condition is entered usually from the system idle condition and uses the least amount of battery power. The computer may sustain the system Standby condition for up to 48 hours for the COMPAQ LTE Lite/20 and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25, and up to 80 hours for the COMPAQ LTE Lite/25E and COMPAQ LTE Lite/25C, depending on battery condition at the time Standby is entered. Table C-3. Subsystem Status During System Standby ========================================================================= == Subsystem Status -------------------------------------------------------------------------Processor Low Power Coprocessor (if installed) Powered Off Cache Memory Powered Off BIOS Flash ROM Low Power Keyboard/Mouse Interface Low Power Hard Drive Powered Off Diskette Drive Powered Off Diskette Drive Controller Low Power Video Graphics Controller Low Power LCD Powered Off Serial Port Low Power Parallel Port Low Power Enhanced Option Slot -- ========================================================================= == Entering Standby The computer can be placed in the system Standby condition by one of four methods: o o o o By pressing the standby button Automatically due to peripheral inactivity Automatically due to critical low-battery condition With special application software In any case, the computer must be operating from battery power in order to enter the Standby condition. Regardless of how the "entry into standby" procedure is initiated, the basic procedure is the same. The system monitors the same subsystems for Standby that it does for system idle (see Table C-2). If all peripheral timers expire (indicating no peripheral activity), then the system firmware implements the standby procedure. If the system detects activity in a monitored peripheral, an SMI for that activity will not be generated and the system will remain in the normal operating mode until that SMI is generated. During the course of entering Standby, the operating state of some subsystems must be saved prior to being powered down. The internal register data of the hard drive and the state of the numeric (math) coprocessor must be preserved. The pre-Standby status of these subsystems are saved in a portion of memory called system management (SM)RAM. The SMRAM is enabled only during the processing of an SMI, and is disabled when the SMI service is complete. The video controller status is not saved to SMRAM because data is held by the video controller during Standby. The video ASIC, upon receiving a low DEV 4 signal from the 82360SL, enters its low power mode and turns off the LCD. The video RAM data is preserved. If an external monitor is being used, the display will be blanked in the Standby condition due to the video (RAM) DAC being placed in a low power mode by the video ASIC. Cache memory data is not saved to the SMRAM because when the computer exits Standby, a CPU reset occurs that invalidates the cache anyway. The 82360SL peripheral controller provides a group of signals that are used to power down various subsystems while entering the system Standby condition. These signals are controlled by local Standby registers also contained within the 82360SL. The register that directly controls the subsystem (device) power, the SMOUT_CNTL (CMOS 0FEh) register, is shown below with which subsystems the outputs affect. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Reserved 5 DEV 5 -- Hard drive controller 4 DEV 4 -- Video graphics controller 3 DEV 3 -- Speaker, diskette drive 2 DEV 2 -- RS-232 driver, communications port 1 DEV 1 -- Hard drive power 0 DEV 0 -- Unused The final step in achieving system Standby is for the firmware to set the SUS_STAT bit of the SPND_STS register (of the 82360SL). This action results in the 386SL chipset being placed in its suspend mode and the SUS_STATpin being driven low to power-off clock logic, the diskette drive controller, the math coprocessor, the cache memory, and the amplifier for the speaker. Entering Standby With The Standby Button When the Standby button is pressed, the keyboard processor detects the generated pulse and a suspend warning timer is set to run. After this timer has timed out (allowing the processor to finish any CPU cycles that need to be finished), the SMI handler routine is invoked. The system firmware then configures the peripheral activity local/global trap timers to four seconds. Once all monitored subsystems have been detected as inactive for four seconds, the firmware continues with the procedure (as described earlier) of placing the computer into the Standby condition. Entering Standby By Peripheral Inactivity The system Standby condition may be entered due to peripheral inactivity. The inactivity requirements for Standby are basically the same as those for system idle (see Table C-2). In most cases, this method of entering system Standby will be the result of the computer having been in the system idle condition. However, if the user configures the Standby timeout parameter to be shorter than the system idle timeout value, then the computer will, after a period of inactivity, simply enter the system Standby condition directly. When the inactivity timers monitoring peripherals all timeout, the system firmware immediately turns off the LCD and resets the inactivity timers to four seconds. If the timers are allowed to count down four seconds and timeout, the firmware proceeds to place the computer into the system Standby condition. Entering Standby Due To A Low Battery Condition The condition of the battery pack is monitored at regular intervals. This monitoring function is handled by a controller within the battery pack itself and the keyboard controller. A serial data link is used between the battery controller and the keyboard controller to transfer the battery status byte, which is placed in a register of the keyboard controller. The battery status byte value is compared to a low battery 1 set point (LBAT1SP) value. When the battery status byte equals or is less than the LBAT1SP value, the battery check process continues for ten more seconds. This ten second "grace" period prevents a sudden current surge from prematurely placing the computer in a low battery condition. If, after the grace period the system condition has not changed, the EXTSMI- input pin of the 82360SL is driven low and the suspend warning timer is loaded with the value of the SUS_WRN_TMR register of the 82360SL. When the suspend warning timer times out, an SMI is generated. The 82360SL then determines the cause of the SMI as being the low battery 1 condition, and the SMI handler configures all of the local and global trap/timer registers for a timeout value of two minutes. If an activity occurs, the timers are reset again and the process continues. The battery status process, in the meantime, continues as before. If peripheral activity occurs often enough (within every two minutes, keeping the system in a normal condition) the system will eventually reach low battery 2 condition, which is detected the same way as is the low battery 1 condition. If low battery 2 condition is reached, the SMI handler configures the trap/timer registers for 20 seconds. If 20 seconds pass without peripheral activity, then the firmware will place the computer into the system Standby condition. If peripheral activity continues to refuse to allow the computer to enter Standby, the system will reach a point where the battery voltage will be insufficient to operate the power supply logic, which will then shut down. In this situation the system Standby condition is never achieved and data loss can occur because the computer simply dies. Entering Standby With Software The computer includes the ability of allowing software to initiate the system Standby condition. Software-initiated Standby may be useful in an application where unattended processing such as a data transfer over modem is to take place. At the end of the data transfer (or if the transfer cannot be accomplished) the application software can force the computer into the system Standby condition instead of waiting for the computer to go through the timeout procedures that use more battery power. Software-initiated system Standby is affected by using the INT15 call, which is what previous COMPAQ products used for power management functions. When the system receives a Standby condition request with the INT15 call, the firmware loads a suspend warning timer with a timeout value and sets the SW_REQ bit of the SM_REQ_STS register (of the 82360SL). The SUS_WRN_TMR (of the 82360SL) is loaded and the timeout is started automatically. When the suspend timer times out, an SMI is generated. The firmware determines the cause of the SMI from the SM_REQ_STS register and, if the cause is the software application, places the computer into the system Standby condition. Exiting Standby Recovery from Standby can be initiated in the following ways: o o o o Pressing the standby button or a keyboard key Automatically due to serial port activity Automatically due to Hibernation Connecting AC power to the computer While in the system Standby condition, the keyboard controller and a portion of the 82360SL are kept active to maintain vigilance over the system. Exiting Standby With the Standby Button or Keyboard Key When the standby button or any key on the keyboard is pressed, the SRBTNinput signal of the 82360SL is driven low. The 82360SL then generates a CPU reset and also drives the SUS_STAT- signal high. This action reenables the system clock sources. The CPU reset brings the 386SL chipset out of the suspend mode. Following the CPU reset, the SUS_STAT bit of the SPND_STS register is read, which in this case should be set indicating the CPU reset is due to the Standby exit routine and not from another situation. The firmware then clears the SUS_STAT bit and restores the system to the condition it was in prior to entering the Standby condition. This involves powering up devices and subsystems that were shut off, and re-enabling components that were in a low power mode. Device configurations are then restored to the pre-Standby state. It should be noted that the hard drive is not powered up and re-enabled during the Standby exit routine. The hard drive remains powered down until an access is requested with the computer in the normal condition NOTE: If the computer is in the low battery 2 condition while in the Standby condition, the standby button cannot be used to bring the computer out of Standby. This is due to the masking of a "standby button push" bit when the low battery 2 condition is detected. Exiting Standby Due To Serial Port Activity The computer can be brought out of the Standby condition by the modem (connected to the serial port or installed in the option slot) receiving a ring on the line. For this to occur, the RING_MSK bit of the RESUME_MASK register (of the 82360SL) must be set by firmware. In the case of a modem connected to the serial port, a ring received by the modem will result in the COMARI- input to the 82360SL to go low and initiating the CPU reset routine described in the previous paragraph. In the case of a modem installed in the option slot, a ring received by the modem generates an IRQA that initiates the CPU reset routine by driving the COMBRI- input to the 82360SL low. Exiting Standby With Hibernation The user can configure the computer to enter the Hibernation condition after being in Standby for a certain period of time. The Hibernation routine is discussed in the following section. Exiting Standby By Connecting AC Power The Standby condition will be exited upon the connection of AC power (through the AC Adapter) to the computer. The AC detection function is performed by the keyboard controller using the battery pack controller serial data link described earlier in the "entering Standby due to a low battery condition" section. Upon detection of AC power, the keyboard controller unmasks the STBTPSH bit in the PMpST/CNT register and then will set that bit to start the exit Standby routine (CPU reset, enable clocks, etc.) as described earlier. Note again that the hard drive, even in this routine, is NOT powered up until an access is requested. C.5 HIBERNATION The Hibernation feature provides three functions: it helps in preventing data loss due to automatic shut down when the computer is left unattended, and it provides a convenient "bookmark" function. Hibernation, when initiated, saves all information in memory to disk, including information that marks exactly where the user is in an application, and then powers down the computer. Upon exiting Hibernation, the computer boots up, runs the application last used and returns to the point the user was at when the computer powered down. Hibernation must be enabled (through the PWRCON utility) before it can be initiated. Once enabled, Hibernation can be initiated one of three ways: o After a specified period of time in Standby o Upon reaching condition Low Battery 2 o With the Fn key and standby button (valid under battery or external power, but NOT while using the system unit docked in the Desktop Expansion Base) When Hibernation is enabled, the PWRCON utility generates a hidden system file called HIBRN8.DAT that is placed in the root directory (C:). A pointer is written to configuration (CMOS) memory that points to a directory sector in that file. The BIOS ROM can use this file independent of the operating system. When Hibernation is initiated, the entire state of the system is written to HIBRN8.DAT and a CMOS flag is set. Upon the next power up cycle, the CMOS flag tells the system to read HIBRN8.DAT and restore the system accordingly. C.6 PROGRAMMING INFORMATION The 386SL microprocessor features a new interrupt that is used specifically for power management functions. This interrupt, called the system management interrupt (SMI), has the highest priority of all interrupts (even over the NMI). In the COMPAQ LTE Lite, the SMI is generated by writing parameters to specific locations in configuration (CMOS) memory and then performing a write to I/O port 10h. The CMOS locations, 72h, 73h, and 74h, are not accessed directly but instead are accessed through I/O ports 70h (write only, CMOS address), and 71h (Read/write, CMOS data). SMI Generation The procedure for executing an SMI is as follows: 1. Write parameters to CMOS locations 72h, 73h, and 74h as required. 2. Write the function code to I/O port 10h (this step generates the SMI). 3. Read the completion code returned to I/O port 11h. 4. Read CMOS locations 72h, 73h, and 74h as required. Load CMOS Inactivity Timer Values This function loads timer values into the appropriate CMOS locations. I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 00h I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful 01h = error during operation CMOS Locations 72h - 73h: Not used Get FDisk Timeout Value I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 01h I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h: See bit map below BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..5 Reserved 4..0 FDisk 00000 00001 00010 . . 11111 Timeout Value = Disabled = 1 minute = 2 minutes = 17 minutes Get Standby Timeout Value I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 02h I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h: See bit map below BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..5 Reserved 4..0 Standby 00000 = 00001 = 00010 = . . 11111 = Timeout Value Disabled 1 minute 2 minutes 17 minutes Load Screen Save Value The timer value stored in CMOS during SETUP will be loaded into the screen save timer register and used. I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 03h I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h - 74h: Not used Get Idle CPU Timeout Value I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 04h I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful 01h = error during operation BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..5 Reserved 4..0 Idle CPU Timeout Value 00000 = Disabled 00001 = 1 minute 00010 = 2 minutes . . 11111 = 17 minutes Load Speaker Volume Value The speaker volume value stored in CMOS during SETUP will be loaded into the speaker volume register and used. I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 05h I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h - 74h: Not used Get Speaker Volume Value I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 06h I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h: See Bit map below BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Speaker volume value Load Backlight Intensity Value The backlight intensity value stored in CMOS during SETUP will be used. I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 07h I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h - 74h: Not used Get Backlight Intensity Value I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 08h I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h: See bit map below BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 Backlight intensity value Load High/Medium/Low PWRCON Value The power conservation value stored in CMOS with SETUP or PWRCON are transferred to the proper hardware registers and used. I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 09h I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h - 74h: Not used Load Beeps Enabled Value The beeps enabled value stored in CMOS with SETUP are used. I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 0Ah I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h - 74h: Not used Load Popup Window Size Value The value for the size of the popup windows set with SETUP are used. I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 0Bh I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h - 74h: Not used Load Popup Window Location Value The value for the location of the popup windows set with SETUP are used. This value is not checked. I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 0Ch I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h - 74h: Not used Get Battery Condition I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 0Dh I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h: See bit map below. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..3 Reserved 2..0 Battery condition (Only valid values are shown): 000 = External power 001 = Battery good 011 = Low battery 1 101 = Low battery 2 Get Battery Charge Left Condition I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 0Eh I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h (low byte) and 73h (high byte) Get Battery Consumption Rate I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 0Fh I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h: Bits 7..0 Load Processor Speed The processor speed value loaded into CMOS with SETUP is transferred into the appropriate hardware register and used. I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 10h I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h - 74h: Not used Load Modem Power Control The value loaded into CMOS with SETUP is transferred into the appropriate hardware register and used. This value controls the SLOT ON signal of the enhanced option slot. I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 11h I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h - 74h: Not used Get Memory Size This function returns the total amount of system memory, measured in 256 Kbyte increments. I/O Port 10h OUTPUT: 12h I/O Port 11h INPUT: 00h = successful, 01h = error during operation CMOS Location 72h, Bits 7..0: Total memory size in 256 Kbyte increments. D.1 INTRODUCTION This appendix provides information to aid a system administrator and program developer in the use of the security and network features of the COMPAQ LTE Lite Personal Computer. Topics discussed in this appendix include: o Feature Descriptions [D.2] o System Configuration Procedure [D.3] o Programming Information [D.4] D.2 FEATURE DESCRIPTIONS The following paragraphs describe the security and network features and how they are used. Power-On Password This feature prevents unauthorized user access at power-on by requiring the user to enter a password specified through the SETUP utility. This feature must be enabled in order to use the Network Server Mode and QuickLock/QuickBlank features. The Power-On Password feature is established through the SETUP utility. When the switch is set to OFF (default), the POST routine checks the non-volatile configuration memory to determine if password protection is being used, and, if so, displays an icon prompting the user to enter the password to gain access. Keyboard Password This feature can be invoked to disable the keyboard and pointing device during system operation and, to regain system control, require the user to enter a password specified through the KP Utility on the User Programs diskette. (The KP Utility operates in the MS-DOS and OS/2 operating system environments. This feature is sustained only as long as the unit is powered up. When the unit is turned off, the KP Utility must be executed when the unit is powered back up.) QuickLock/QuickBlank The QuickLock feature allows a user to lock the keyboard while within an application by invoking a hotkey combination. This action guards against tampering with a system while the user is away from the workstation. When enabling the QuickLock feature, the user has the additional option of enabling/disabling the QuickBlank feature. The QuickBlank feature, when QuickLock feature is invoked. The user on password, which must also be QuickLock/QuickBlank feature utility. enabled, blanks the screen when the reaccesses the system by entering the powerenabled for this feature to function. The is enabled/disabled through the SETUP Network Server Mode The Network Server Mode, when enabled, allows the system to completely boot up, but the keyboard is locked until the power-on password is entered. This feature is useful for units being used as network servers. The Network Server Mode is enabled/disabled through the SETUP utility. The network server mode can only be invoked if the power-on password is set. DriveLock The fixed disk drive may be locked to prevent read/write access to data on that drive. The DriveLock feature is configured with the COMPAQ SETUP utility. The user has three options of configuring the fixed disk drive password feature: o NONE (No security, password disabled) -- The fixed disk drive is unlocked following POST. All operating system commands dealing with the fixed disk drive are usable. o Level 1 (maximum security, password enabled) -- The fixed disk drive is unlocked only upon entering the correct user-defined password during POST. If the correct password is not entered, the fixed disk drive remains locked and all operating system commands dealing with the fixed disk drive are unusable. If the password is forgotten, the only way to regain access to the fixed disk drive is to use the WIPEDATA command (on the Diagnostics diskette) to reformat the disk and disable the password. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> CAUTION <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Selecting level 1 (maximum) DriveLock security increases the possibility of losing data should the password be forgotten. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< << o Level 2 (high security, password enabled) -- The fixed disk drive is unlocked upon entering the correct user-defined password during POST. If the correct password is not entered, the fixed disk drive remains locked and all operating system commands dealing with the fixed disk drive are unusable. If the password is forgotten, the user must return the system to the dealer who, upon verification of ownership, will enter a COMPAQ-defined password (supplied by COMPAQ Service) to unlock the drive. As suggested by the previous paragraph, there are actually two passwords stored on the fixed disk drive: a user-defined password and a COMPAQ-defined password. Only one is required to unlock the drive. Both passwords are stored in non-data areas on the disk, and are not transferred during disk backup procedures. NOTE: The DriveLock feature cannot be used with the Network Server Mode. Cable Lock Provision The system unit includes a slot on the side of the chassis that facilitates the use of a cable lock. A cable lock allows the system administrator to secure the system unit to a desk or table, discouraging the unauthorized removal or theft of the system unit. D.3 PROGRAMMING INFORMATION This section describes I/O ports and memory locations that are used by security and network features. During the boot sequence, the BIOS ROM reads the parameters stored in the RTC configuration (non-volatile) memory by the COMPAQ SETUP utility. Additionally, software programs may access the configuration memory and certain I/O ports to read the status of the security features. Status Read Of Security Features The byte at RTC configuration memory location 13h includes the status of the security features as shown below: RTC Configuration Memory Location 13h BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..3 Reserved -- DO NOT CHANGE (Bits used for other functions.) 2 Power-on QuickLock status 0 = Disabled (default) 1 = Enabled 1 Network server mode 0 = Disabled (default) 1 = Enabled 0 Power-on password 0 = Disabled (default) 1 = Enabled NOTICE The information in this guide is subject to change without notice. Compaq Computer Corporation shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein; nor for incidental or consequential damages resulting from the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. This guide contains information protected by copyright. No part of this guide may be photocopied or reproduced in any form without prior written consent from Compaq Computer Corporation. Copyright 1993 Compaq Computer Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. Compaq, Deskpro, LTE Registered U. S. Patent and Trademark Office. The software described in this guide is furnished under a license agreement or nondisclosure agreement. The software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement. Product names mentioned herein may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective companies. TECHNICAL REFERENCE GUIDE SUPPLEMENT Compaq LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers First Edition (June 1993) Part Number: 018A/0693 1.1 ABOUT THIS SUPPLEMENT Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 This supplement provides information on specific 486SL-based models of the Compaq LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers. The models covered feature the Intel 486SL microprocessor. The supplement covers the following 486SL-based models of the Compaq LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers: o o o o Compaq Compaq Compaq Compaq LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite Lite Lite Lite 4/33C 4/25C 4/25E 4/25 For information on the 386SL-based members of the Compaq LTE Lite Family and for subjects common to all models refer to the Compaq LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers Technical Reference Guide, part number (PN 140097-001). For additional information on the 486SL microprocessor, refer to the following Intel publications: o Intel 486SL Microprocessor SuperSet Data Book -- PN 241325-001 o Intel 486SL Microprocessor Programmer's Reference Manual -- PN 241327001 o Intel 486SL Microprocessor SuperSet System Design Guide -- PN 241326001 This chapter covers the following subjects related to the 486SL-based models listed above. o Standard Features [1.2] o Differences Data [1.3] 1.2 STANDARD FEATURES Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 The following features are standard on all 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite products: o 486SL microprocessor o Integrated coprocessor o 4 megabytes of 32-bit system memory expandable to 20 megabytes o 8-Kbyte integrated cache o EasyPoint trackball o Support for the Optional Desktop Expansion Base and QuickConnect Options o Advanced Power Management features o Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) battery pack o Auxiliary battery 1.3 DIFFERENCE DATA Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 This section outlines the differences in standard features between the members of the 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite Family. These differences focus on the speed of the microprocessor, type, and size of LCD display. DIFFERENCE DATA Table 1-1 lists the differences among the 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite products. Table 1-1. 486SL-Based Compaq LTE Lite Difference Data ========================================================================= == Feature: Processor Speed LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite Lite Lite Lite 4/25 4/25E 4/25C 4/33C 25-MHz 25-MHz 25-MHz 33-MHz -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Cache Memory LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite Lite Lite Lite 4/25 4/25E 4/25C 4/33C 8-Kbyte 8-Kbyte 8-Kbyte 8-Kbyte internal internal internal internal -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Math coprocessor LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite Lite Lite Lite 4/25 4/25E 4/25C 4/33C Integrated Integrated Integrated Integrated -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Standard 32-bit Memory LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite Lite Lite Lite 4/25 4/25E 4/25C 4/33C 4 4 4 4 Mbytes Mbytes Mbytes Mbytes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Maximum Memory LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite Lite Lite Lite 4/25 4/25E 4/25C 4/33C 20 20 20 20 Mbytes Mbytes Mbytes Mbytes -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: LCD LTE LTE LTE LTE Lite Lite Lite Lite 4/25 4/25E 4/25C 4/33C 9.5" 9.5" 8.4" 8.4" Monochrome STN (measured diagonally) B/W TFT (measured diagonally) Color TFT (measured diagonally) Color TFT (measured diagonally) -------------------------------------------------------------------------Feature: Integrated Track Ball LTE Lite 4/25 Yes LTE Lite 4/25E Yes LTE Lite 4/25C Yes LTE Lite 4/33C Yes ========================================================================= == 2.1 INTRODUCTION Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 This chapter describes the key design and technical features of the 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers. The 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite products are notebook computers weighing between 6.3 and 6.5 pounds. The computers will operate for 2 to 5 hours of continuous use on a single battery charge, depending upon which computer and peripheral combination is chosen. The computer incorporates several features that allow the user to conserve battery power while maintaining operating efficiency. The computer may be connected to an optional Desktop Expansion Base or QuickConnect option to expand it's functionality. 2.2 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 The 486SL-based computers like the 386SL-based computers, utilize a concurrent bus architecture that allows the microprocessor to operate more efficiently with the memory and peripheral subsystems. The 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite products feature the Intel 486SL microprocessor and the 82360SL ISA peripheral controller. The core logic of the 486SL microprocessor requires only 3.3 volts to operate thus lowering the demand on the battery supply. The 486SL microprocessor provides full 486DX processing capability with system power management, 32-bit memory management, ISA bus control, status, address, and data interface logic added. The 82360SL peripheral controller provides peripheral power management, real-time clock, and memory map functions. The 82360SL also controls the DMA and interrupt controllers, and the serial and parallel ports. The diskette interface, hard drive interface, enhanced option slot interface, and keyboard/ pointing device interfaces are contained in a custom application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). This ASIC also provides distribution control of DMA and interrupt functions. The video subsystem includes a video controller ASIC, 512 Kbytes of video RAM, and either a monochrome or color liquid crystal display (LCD). Figure 2-1 shows a block diagram of the 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite computers. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 2-1. Diagram 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite Computer, Block Microprocessor The 486SL microprocessor is similar in function to the 486DX microprocessor. The architecture provides 32-bit processing internally and interfacing with external subsystems over a 32-bit data bus. The 486SL also includes an integrated bus controller, 32-bit memory controller, integrated coprocessor, and integrated cache controller with an 8-Kbyte 4-way set associative cache. The 486SL microprocessor employs a static design that allows the system clock to be shut off to preserve battery power. The microprocessor includes a System Management Interrupt (SMI) controller and power management hardware that provide overall system power conservation. The core logic of the 486SL microprocessor requires only 3.3 volts to operate. The 486SL microprocessor is supported by the 82360SL Input/Output controller chip. The 82360SL provides most standard system peripheral controllers and provides system management support. BIOS Flash ROM The Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) is contained in flash retains data without power applied just like standard ROM. standard ROM, data can be rewritten into flash ROM. This allows the easily updated as necessary by using dedicated BIOS update software. ROM. Flash ROM Unlike BIOS to be utility System Memory The system memory provides temporary storage of programs and data. The 486SL-based models have 4 megabytes of 80-ns enhanced page Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) that operates at processor speed. A maximum of 20 megabytes of memory may be installed using optional 4-,8-, or 16-megabyte extended refresh memory cards that are easily installed without disassembling the unit. Mass Storage The computer comes standard with a 3 1/2-Inch 1.44 megabyte diskette drive. The 3 1/2 Inch 1.44 megabyte diskette drive reads and writes to both 1.44 megabyte and 720-Kbyte diskettes. The 486-based Compaq LTE Lite computers accommodate one internal hard drive. Two hard drive capacities, 209-megabytes and 120-megabytes, are available. Both hard drive types have 2 1/2-inch platters to save space and limit weight. Refer to Chapter 6, "Hard Drive Subsystem", for additional information. Video Subsystem The Compaq LTE Lite video subsystem consists of a VGA controller, 512 Kbytes of video RAM, and a liquid crystal display (LCD). The Compaq LTE Lite 4/25 is equipped with a monochrome passive matrix VGA display and video subsystem that supports VGA, EGA, and CGA video modes and provides up to 64 shades of gray. The Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E features an active matrix black and white VGA display and video subsystem that provides high contrast scaling with up to 64 shades of gray. The Compaq LTE Lite 4/25C and Compaq LTE Lite 4/33C feature a color TFT active matrix VGA display with a color video subsystem that supports 256 simultaneous colors in 640 x 480 VGA resolution. In addition to the integrated LCD, the video controller on all models can simultaneously support either the Reduced Emissions Video Graphics Color Monitor, the Video Graphics Color Monitor, or the Video Graphics Monochrome Monitor. The video controller supports: o o o o o o 640-pixel x 480-line VGA-compatible graphics resolution 640-pixel x 350-line EGA-compatible graphics resolution 320-pixel x 200-line CGA-compatible graphics resolution 1056-pixel x 400-line text mode (external monitor only) 720-pixel x 400-line text resolution (external monitor only) Up to 256 colors out of a 262,144 color palette To maintain the high performance requirements of the Compaq LTE Lite computers, the BIOS code for the video graphics controller is copied into the system RAM during the boot procedure to provide faster video performance. Enhanced Option Slot The enhanced option slot allows the installation of an optional communications device such as an enhanced modem or a second serial port. The communications parameters of this interface are softwareprogrammable. 2.3 SPECIFICATIONS Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 The environmental, electrical, and physical specifications of the 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite products are provided in the following tables. Table 2-1 lists the environmental specifications for a completely assembled 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite computer. Table 2-1. Environmental Specifications ========================================================================= == Parameter Operating Nonoperating ========================================================================= == Air Temperature 50oF to 104oF -22oF to 140oF (10oC to 40oC) (-30oC to 60oC) Shock 5 G for 11 ms half-sine pulse 40 G for 11 ms half-sine pulse Vibration 0.15 G for 5-500 Hz sinusoidal 1 G for 5 - 500 Hz sinusoidal Humidity 10% to 90% (noncondensing) 5% to 95% (noncondensing) Maximum Altitude 10,000 ft (3048 m) 30,000 ft (9144 m) ========================================================================= == Table 2-2 lists the electrical specifications of the 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite computers. Table 2-2. Electrical Specifications ===================================== Parameter ===================================== Input Voltage 12 VDC Power Consumption Average 10.0W Peak 21.0W ===================================== Table 2-3 lists the physical specifications (closed) of the 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite computers. Table 2-3. Physical Specifications (Closed) ========================================================================= == English Metric ========================================================================= == Dimensions Height 2.0 in 5.08 cm Weight 11.0 in 27.9 cm Depth 8.5 in 21.6 cm Weight Lite 4/25C and Lite 4/33C 6.5 lb 2.93 kg Lite 4/25E 6.4 lb 2.88 kg Lite 4/25 6.3 lb 2.84 kg ========================================================================= == 3.1 INTRODUCTION Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 This chapter briefly describes the Intel 486SL microprocessor. The CPU core is similar to the 486DX microprocessor with system power management features added. Full programming compatibility across the entire 80X86 microprocessor family is standard. Figure 3-1 is a simplified block diagram of the 486SL microprocessor. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 3-1. 3.2 486SL System Processor, Block Diagram 486SL MICROPROCESSOR Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 All 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite computers were designed using the Intel 486SL microprocessor. The 486SL microprocessor has a 32-bit internal architecture and interfaces with external functions and subsystems having a 32-bit data bus. The 486SL includes a static CPU core, ISA bus control logic, a 32-bit system memory controller, power management logic, and an integrated cache controller with an 8-Kbyte 4-way set-associative cache. The 486SL microprocessor is reset when internal (battery) or external power is applied to the system board or if the system is already powered and the user presses Ctrl + Alt + Delete. After reset, the microprocessor addresses ROM for instructions. The initial boot in ROM checks the system RAM and ROM for errors (checksums), then initializes the system. Initializing or restarting the system loads the initialization and configuration values into programmable devices. After initializing the system, the microprocessor loads the operating system into memory either from the diskette drive or from the hard drive. Integrated Cache The 486SL microprocessor has an integrated cache controller with an 8-Kbyte serial cache with a 16-byte line width. The cache is a 4-way set-associative type and is grouped into four banks. The 4-way set-associative cache permits each location in memory to map into any four locations within the cache. When a cache miss occurs, the control logic uses a least recently used algorithm to determine which of the four cache locations to update first. The internal cache operates normally in write-through mode so that when the CPU writes to the cache, system memory is updated. The cache controller also has bus-snooping logic to help maintain cache coherency. The cache controller monitors the system address bus and invalidates any cache data present that corresponds to newly overwritten data in system memory. External Interfacing The 486SL microprocessor uses three data buses for external data transfers. A memory bus, a peripheral interface bus, and an ISA bus are required for external data transfers. The memory bus provides data transfers at processor speed between the microprocessor and system memory. The 486SL microprocessor includes an integrated memory controller that supports up to 20 megabytes of physical memory with optional 4-, 8- or 16-MB memory cards. The system bus handles data transfers between the 486SL microprocessor and the peripheral subsystems. The system bus has the functionality of two buses: the peripheral bus, where transactions occur at processor speed, and the ISA expansion bus, which provides full support of ISA transactions at 8-MHz speed. The system bus operates as a peripheral bus during video operations and as an ISA expansion bus for all other functions. Table 3-1 lists the signals shared by peripheral and ISA operations on the system bus. Table 3-1. Peripheral/ISA Ops System Bus Signals ========================================================================= == Signal Function ========================================================================= == SA<19..0> System address signals LA<23..17> Latchable address signals SD<15..0> System data signals SBHEBus high byte enable signal ========================================================================= == Table 3-2 shows control signals used by the system bus operating in the peripheral mode. Table 3-2. Peripheral Ops (Only) System Bus Signals ========================================================================= == Signal Function ========================================================================= == PSTARTP-bus start PCMD- P-bus command PRDY- P-bus ready PMI/O- P-bus memory/I/O cycle PW/R- P-bus write/read cycle VGACS- VGA (video) chip select FLSHDCSFlash disk chip select ========================================================================= == All devices outside the 486SL microprocessor are addressed as either memory-mapped or I/O-mapped devices. The PM/IO signal specifies whether a memory-mapped or an I/O-mapped device or location is being addressed for both peripheral and ISA modes. Software Concepts The 486SL microprocessor allows software compatibility by providing the same operating modes as the 80286. The Real and Protected modes of the 486SL are fully compatible with 80286 instructions that use 8- and 16-bit operands. In addition, the 486SL microprocessor extends register width as well as address and data paths to 32 bits. This improves performance on large integer calculations, data transfers, and large memory models. These additional functions are transparent to applications not taking advantage of them. When power is applied or a reset operation occurs, the 486SL enters the Real mode. The 486SL then provides all the capabilities and limitations of Real mode, including compatibility with the 8086 and the 80286. The Real mode allows only one megabyte of physical memory to be addressed and does not provide any memory protection features. Memory is addressed via the segment registers with the traditional 64-Kbyte limitation on segment size. The major distinction between the Real mode of the 486SL and that of the 80286 microprocessor is that 32-bit operands can be used with the extended instruction set of the 486SL. This superset of the 80286 instruction set allows operations, such as multiplication, to use 32-bit register or memory operands. The Protected mode offers features compatible with the 80286 and fully supports the following 80286 features: memory protection, addressing via segment selectors, and 16-bit instruction set. Protected mode also allows for improved functions unique to the 80386 that are beyond the capability of the 80286 segment sizes (that is, 4 gigabytes on the 80386 as compared to 64 Kbytes on the 80286). The improved functions are memory paging, I/O protection, Virtual 8086 mode, and Protected mode's full 32-bit extended instruction set. The improved functions allow implementation of much more powerful software products. Many applications, such as artificial intelligence expert systems, require a large linear address space and exceptional processor performance to accommodate their size and complexity. The 486SL microprocessor also offers the Virtual mode to provide significantly improved compatibility with, and protection for, concurrent execution of Real mode applications with Protected mode operating systems. The Virtual mode allows applications written for 8088, 8086, or 80286 Real mode to be executed within the privilege levels defined by Protected mode. In contrast, the 80286 does not allow for security in real mode applications because the microprocessor must be in the Real mode to execute these applications. The Virtual mode, in combination with memory paging, allows the Real mode address space to be simulated anywhere in the physical address space of the 486SL. In addition, the I/O protection features permit the operating system to trap all or a selected set of I/O ports for device protection. The Compaq Expanded Memory Manager (CEMM) enables the use of these features. Speed Control Both 486SL-based and 386SL-based Compaq LTE Lite computers implement an innovative feature that simulates system speeds less than the (micro)processor speed. This feature has been implemented to provide compatibility with a small number of software products that contain programs dependent on certain system speeds. Typically, these programs contain timing idiosyncrasies associated with the diskette copy protection mechanisms. The processor speed can be slowed when the program accesses the diskette drive to allow for compatibility with these copy protection schemes. The processor and system memory operate at processor (CPU) speed. Access to the expansion bus and I/O devices always occurs at 8 MHz. The expansion bus and I/O accesses are not affected by simulated changes in CPU operating speed. This simulated speed control is also useful for adjusting the computer to handle action software games written for 8088-based personal computers. Reduction of the system speed to simulate the system speed of an 8088-based personal computer allows these games to be played at a realistic speed. Many games require the user to boot from the game diskette. The computer accommodates this requirement by allowing the user to restart the system, using Ctrl + Alt + Delete, without affecting the selected system speed. The system remains at the selected speed until a new speed has been selected or a power-on reset occurs. The speed of the computer can be set to values that correspond to the equivalent speeds of an 8088-based personal computer and 6- and 8-MHz 80286-based products. These values can be entered with the Mode command (MODE SPEED = xx) from Microsoft MS-DOS or can be set with the "Set System Speed" BIOS function (CX=xx) to simulate the computing speed of other personal computer products. MODE SPEED = AUTO is typically used for accessing a diskette drive at a slower speed because an application's software dictates it. In this mode, the CPU operates at full processor speed except when accessing a diskette drive, at which point the speed slows to a simulated 8 MHz until the diskette drive motor shuts off, then returns to full processor speed. MODE SPEED = HIGH is typically used to provide maximum performance where an application is not speed sensitive. In this mode, the CPU operates at processor speed at all times. Simulated CPU speed control is achieved by including special hardware on the system board that uses extended refresh cycles to reduce the system bus bandwidth. Since the CPU is in a HOLD state during refresh cycles, the execution speed of programs is reduced as the length of the refresh cycles is increased. The lengthening of the refresh cycles, however, has been carefully implemented so as not to increase the DMA latency period that is otherwise present during refresh cycles of a normal length. A DMA request (for access to the bus) that takes place during the extension of a refresh cycle is immediately granted access to the bus, since the microprocessor is already in a HOLD state. Power Management Feature The 486SL microprocessor includes an interrupt called the System Management Interrupt (SMI). This feature is similar to the 386SL-based models System Management Interrupt. The SMI, which is non-maskable and has the highest priority (even over the NMI), is the mechanism by which Advanced Power Management (APM) functions such as hibernation are controlled. The SMI is initiated by writing Advanced Power Management parameters to configuration memory locations 72h, 73h, and 74h, then writing an SMI function code to port 10h. For additional information about advanced power management, refer to the APM specification, revision 1.0, available from Intel Corporation sales offices and from Microsoft. 4.1 INTRODUCTION Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 The 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite products memory subsystem includes the following: o BIOS Flash ROM [4.2] o Configuration memory [4.3] o System memory [4.4] Figure 4-1 shows the 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite memory subsystem block diagram. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 4-1. Block Diagram 4.2 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite Memory Subsystem BIOS FLASH ROM Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 The Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) and video firmware are contained in a single 128K x 8 Flash Read Only Memory (ROM). Flash ROM operates like standard ROM, providing nonvolatile storage of data, but has the added convenience of being easily reprogrammed. Without removing the ROM chip, the BIOS can be updated with appropriate utility software that will write the new BIOS firmware into the ROM. The BIOS Flash ROM is accessed through the X-bus (which is off the system bus) during the power-on self-test (POST) routine (read cycle) and when the BIOS is being updated (write cycle). Since system memory provides higher performance than the Flash ROM, the contents of the Flash ROM are copied into system memory (between F0000h and FFFFFh) during POST. All subsequent BIOS calls are serviced as system memory accesses. 4.3 CONFIGURATION MEMORY Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 The configuration memory contains real-time clock (RTC) data and data pertaining to the configuration of the system. This CMOS-type memory along with the RTC circuitry is kept nonvolatile when the system unit is turned off by means of a dedicated lithium battery. The configuration memory is contained within the 82360SL peripheral controller. Table 4-1 lists the configuration memory locations. Configuration memory locations are not accessed directly. Instead, all configuration memory accesses are accomplished by writing the desired configuration memory address with an ISA bus write cycle to I/O port 70h and then writing or reading configuration memory data to or from I/O port 71h. Table 4-1. Configuration Memory Locations ========================================================================= == Register Function ========================================================================= == 00h Seconds 01h Seconds Alarm 02h Minutes 03h Minutes Alarm 04h Hour 05h Hour Alarm 06h Day of Week 07h Day of Month 08h Month 09h Year 0Ah Status register A-Byte 0Bh Status register B-Byte 0Ch Status register C-Byte 0Dh Status register D-Byte 0Eh Diagnostic Status Byte 0Fh Reset Code Byte 10h Diskette Drive Type 11h Reserved 12h Fixed Disk Drive Type 13h Keyboard Options 14h Equipment Installed 15h,16h Base Memory Size 17h,18h Memory Amount 19h Drive C Extended Fixed Disk Drive Value 1Ah used) Drive D Extended Fixed Disk Drive Value (not ========================================================================= == Register Function ========================================================================= == 1Bh Reserved 20h Reserved 21h Reserved 22h Reserved 23h Reserved 24h Fixed Disk Drive Timeout 25h Reserved 26h Reserved 27h External Drive Information (External Storage Module) 28h Internal Base Memory/Extended Memory Allocation 29h Peripheral Configuration 2Ah Reserved 2Bh System Inactivity Timeout/Power Conservation Power-Up Condition 2Ch Screen Time-Out 2Dh Additional Flags 2Eh,2Fh Memory Checksum 30h,31h Extended Memory 32h Date, Century 33h System Information 34h through 3 Fh Reserved 72h through 73h System Management ========================================================================= == Time, Calendar, and Alarm Rules The first ten bytes, 00h through 09h, hold time, calendar, and alarm information. The contents of these bytes may be in either binary or BCD format, but not a mixture. For the format to be switched, all ten bytes must be re-initialized in the new format. These bytes are updated once a second, at which time alarm conditions are also checked. Attempts to read any of the ten bytes during an update result in undefined data output(s). Status register B-Byte, discussed later in this section, defines the parameters. Before initializing the internal registers, Bit <7> of Status register B should be set to "1" to prevent updates during initialization. This bit can then be cleared to permit regular updating. Status and Configuration Bytes The status and configuration bytes contain parameters that are stored in configuration memory and used by the ROM BIOS to determine system configuration during the boot sequence. Status Register A -- Byte 0Ah BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 0 = All right to read device 1 = Time update in progress; device read not all right. 6..4 These bits specify the time base frequency. 010 (32.768 KHz). The default value is 3..0 These bits specify the divider frequency for the clock. default value is 0110 (1.024 KHz). The Status Register B -- Byte 0Bh BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 0 = Normal operation (default) 1 = Disable time updating so that time can be set 6 0 = Interrupt disabled (default) 1 = Enable interrupt at frequency specified by Status register A 5 0 = Disable alarm interrupt (default) 1 = Enable alarm interrupt 4 0 = Enable End-of-Update interrupt (default) 1 = Disable End-of-Update interrupt 3 0 = Output disabled (default) 1 = Enables frequency output selected by Status register A 2 0 = Time and Date in BCD format (default) 1 = Time and Date in Binary format 1 0 = 12-hour mode 1 = 24-hour mode (default) 0 0 = No Daylight Savings Time (default) 1 = Daylight Savings Time selected Status Register C -- Byte 0Ch (Read Only) BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = Interrupt Output signal active 6 1 = Periodic Interrupt Flag 5 1 = Alarm Interrupt Flag 4 1 = End-of-Update Interrupt Flag 3..0 Reserved Status Register D -- Byte 0Dh BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 0 = Real-Time Clock has lost power 1 = Real-Time Clock has not lost power 6..0 Reserved Configuration Byte Register 0Eh -- Diagnostic Status Byte The diagnostic status byte tells the system when there is a problem (time invalid, faulty fixed disk drive controller, etc.) with the configuration of the subsystems. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = Real-Time Clock has lost power 6 1 = CMOS Checksum invalid 5 1 = System initialization equipment check does not match the equipment specified in the configuration memory. 4 1 = The amount of memory detected during the system initialization is not the same as the amount specified in the configuration memory. 3 1 = Fixed disk drive or controller failed power-on test 2 1 = Time not valid 1,0 Reserved Configuration Byte Register 0Fh -- Reset Code Byte The reset code tells the system what to do after the CPU is reset. The reset code identifies the type of, or reason for, the reset. It also provides a method of resetting the system without losing previouslystored data or of returning the system to Real mode from Protected mode. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..0 00h = Normal power-on reset 04h = Proceed to load DOS from fixed disk 05h = Jump to reset vector 0040:0067; initialize interrupt controllers 09h = Block move return 0Ah = Jump to reset vector 0040:0067; do not initialize interrupt controllers Configuration Byte Register 10h -- Diskette Drive Type This byte keeps track of drive types for two diskette drives including an optional diskette drive installed in the External Storage Module or the Desktop Expansion Base. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Primary diskette drive type: 0100 = 1.44-megabyte diskette drive only 3..0 Secondary diskette drive type: 0000 = No diskette drive 0001 = 360-Kbyte diskette drive 0010 = 1.2-megabyte diskette drive 0011 = Reserved 0100 = 1.44-megabyte diskette drive 0101 = Reserved : 1111 = Reserved Configuration Byte Register 12h -- Fixed Disk Drive Type The computer supports only one fixed disk drive, which is designated the primary drive. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..4 Primary fixed disk drive type: 0000 = No fixed disk drive type 0001 = Type 1 0010 = Type 2 0011 = Type 3 : 1110 = Type 14 1111 = Other type (see Configuration Byte 19h) 3..0 Reserved Configuration Byte Register 13h -- Password/Network Server Mode This byte contains the password and network server mode status. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..2 Reserved 1 Password 1 = Exists 0 = not available 0 Network Server Mode 1 = Enabled 0 = Disabled Configuration Byte Register 14h -- Equipment Installed This byte tells the system the type of equipment installed in the unit. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Number of diskette drives installed: 00 = 1 drive 01 = 2 drives 10 = Reserved 11 = Reserved 5,4 Type 00 = 01 = 10 = 11 = of video display controller and operating mode: Reserved Color/Graphics, 40-column Color/Graphics, 80-column Monochrome/text 3,2 Reserved 1 0 = No coprocessor installed 1 = Coprocessor installed 0 0 = No diskette drives installed 1 = Diskette drive(s) installed Configuration Byte Registers 15h and 16h -- Base Memory Size Bytes 15h and 16h comprise a 16-bit value that specifies the base memory size in increments of one Kbyte. The word is stored with the least-significant byte at the lower address (in this case, 15h). Table 4-2 defines valid sizes for the base memory. Table 4-2. Valid Base Memory Size ========================================================================= == Byte 16h Byte 15h Memory Size (in Kbytes) ========================================================================= == 01h 00h 256 02h 00h 512 02h 80h 639 04h 00h 1024 08h 00h 2048 ========================================================================= == Configuration Byte Registers 17h and 18h -- Memory Amount Bytes 17h and 18h comprise a 16-bit value that specifies the extended memory size in increments of one Kbyte (1024 bytes). The word is stored with the least-significant byte at the lower address (in this case, 17h). Table 4-3 defines the extended memory sizes for memory on all memory option boards. Table 4-3. Extended Memory Size ========================================================================= == Byte 18h Byte 17h Memory Size (in Kbytes) ========================================================================= == 02h 00h 512 04h 00h 1024 06h : 20h 00h : 00h 1536 : 8192 20h 80h 8320 ========================================================================= == Configuration Byte Register 19h -- Drive C Type This byte contains the type number. If the fixed disk drive is an extended drive type (type 15 or greater), bits <7..4> of byte 12h contain 1111 (binary). Configuration Byte Register 1Ah -- Reserved Configuration Byte Register 27h -- Memory Allocation/Base Memory Size Since an additional external diskette drive may be installed in the optional Desktop Expansion Base or External Storage Module which may be configured as drive A or B, bits <1,0> are used to keep track of this information. Bits <5..2> store diskette drive type(s) from Configuration Byte register 10h. Bit <6> keeps track of CPU speed. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6 CPU speed 0 = Auto 1 = High 5..2 Configuration Byte register 10h save value 1 External drive select: 0 = Drive B 1 = Drive A 0 External drive state: 0 = External drive not installed 1 = External drive installed Configuration Byte Register 28h -- Peripheral Configuration Bit 7 defines the source of hardware interrupt IRQ12. Bits <6,5> hold the Base Memory Size and indicate how much base memory (640 Kbytes, 512 Kbytes, or 256 Kbytes) to enable. The system ROM writes out this amount to the Memory Installed register (I/O port 1065h). BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 IRQ12 select: 0 = Pointing device (mouse) 1 = Expansion bus 6,5 Base 00 = 01 = 10 = 11 = Memory Size 640 Kbytes 512 Kbytes 256 Kbytes Illegal 4..0 Reserved Configuration Byte Register 29h -- Peripheral Configuration This register contains information about the desired configuration for the system's peripheral devices. Included are the serial, modem, printer, and fixed disk drive devices. The ROM writes the value from CMOS into the Peripheral Configuration register (I/O port 0465h). BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Printer Interrupt Select 0 -- Printer = IRQ5 1 -- Printer = IRQ7 (default) 6,5 Printer I/O Port Select 00 -- Primary I/O port (default) 01 -- Secondary I/O port 10 -- Tertiary I/O port 11 -- Disable I/O port 4 Internal Fixed Disk Drive Enable 0 -- Disable internal fixed disk drive 1 -- Enable internal fixed disk drive (default) 3 Serial/Modem Interrupt Select 0 = Serial = IRQ3; Modem = IRQ4 1 = Serial = IRQ4; Modem = IRQ3 (default) 2 Modem State 0 = OFF (default) 1 = ON 1 Serial State 0 = OFF 1 = ON (default) 0 Serial/Modem I/O Port Select 0 = Serial = COM1; Modem = COM2 (default) 1 = Serial = COM2; Modem = COM1 Configuration Byte Register 2Ah -- Fixed Disk Drive Timeout/Modem Status This Power Conservation variable determines how much time, in one minute multiples, before the fixed disk drive enters low power mode where power to the motor is turned off. This register is also used to determine the power-on state of the Power Control register (I/O port 0865h), specifically for the fixed disk drive and modem devices. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reverse video 0 = White on black 1 = Black on white 6 Modem installed in system unit power-on state 0 -- OFF (default) 1 -- ON 5 Modem installed in system unit 0 -- Not installed (default) 1 -- Installed 4..0 Fixed 00000 00001 00010 : 10101 disk drive timeout (minutes) -- No timeout -- 1 minute -- 2 minutes -- 21 minutes Configuration Byte Register 2Bh -- Power Conservation Parameter The first 5 bits, <4..0>, hold a Power Conservation parameter which determines in 20-second increments how long a period of system inactivity will elapse before the system will go into Standby. Bit <5> enables/disables the run-time beep (configured with SETUP). The last 2 bits, <7, 6>, are for Power Conservation power-on condition and determine how the system will be initialized for Power Conservation. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7,6 Power Conservation power-on condition 00 = PC AUTO (enable after 70 seconds) 01 = PC ON 10 = PC OFF 5 Run-Time Beep 0 = Enable 1 = Disable 4..0 System inactivity timeout (minutes) 00000 -- No timeout 00001 -- 1 minute 00010 -- 2 minutes : 10101 -- 21 minutes Configuration Byte Register 2Ch -- Screen Time-Out The first 6 bits of this byte, <5..0>, hold a Power Conservation parameter, which determines in one minute increments how long a period of keyboard inactivity will elapse before the Backlit Display goes blank. Bit <6> determines the Num Lock key status. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 Reserved 6 Num Lock status 0 = Off 1 = On 5..0 Screen 000000 000001 000010 : 111111 timeout value at power-on: (minutes) -- No timeout -- 1 minute -- 2 minutes -- 63 minutes Configuration Byte Register 2Dh -- Additional Flags This byte allows the configuration of special video features and disables or enables keyclicking. BIT FUNCTION ---------------7..3 Reserved 2 0 = Video display controller not manufactured by Compaq installed in Desktop Expansion Base 1 = Compaq Video Display Controller installed 1 0 = Disable keyclick 1 = Enable keyclick 0 0 = Monitor installed not dual-scan 1 = Dual-scan LCD installed Configuration Byte Register 2Eh and 2Fh -- Memory Checksum Value stored is the checksum for memory addresses 20h..2Dh. Byte 2Eh = high byte of checksum Byte 2Fh = low byte of checksum Configuration Byte Registers 30h and 31h -- Extended Memory Values indicate the amount of system memory in excess of 1 megabyte detected at power-on. Bytes 17h and 18h are user defined. Bytes 30h and 31h are tested by ROM and compared with 17h and 18h. The table below defines the extended memory sizes. Configuration Byte Register 32h -- Date, Century This is the century part of the current time and date encoded in BCD (binary-coded decimal). The BIOS sets and reads this value. Configuration Byte Register 33h -- System Information BIT FUNCTION ---------------7 1 = More than 1 megabyte of memory installed 0 = Less than 1 megabyte of memory installed 6 Used by SETUP procedures 5 Reserved 4 Coprocessor 1 = Installed 0 = Not installed 3 Run-Time Beep 1 = Disabled 0 = Enabled 2..0 Reserved 4.4 SYSTEM MEMORY Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 Compaq LTE Lite computers come with four megabytes of 80-ns enhanced-page Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) as standard system memory. The memory controller is integrated into the 486SL microprocessor. This controller supports LIM 4.0 EMS mapping and permits traditional Direct Memory Access (DMA). The 82360SL provides local memory refresh support and allows bus master control of memory. Figure 4-2 shows the arrangement of the standard four megabytes of system memory. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 4-2. Block Diagram Standard Four Megabytes of System Memory, Memory Map System memory is typically configured with 640 Kbytes of base memory with the extended memory mapped as shown in Figure 4-3. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 4-3. System Memory Map Memory Expansion The 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite computers have a dedicated internal expansion slot which permits increasing system memory by adding an optional 4-, or 8-, or 16-Megabyte Memory Card for a total of up to 20 megabytes. Memory Control The 486SL microprocessor accesses data from system memory as a byte (8 bits) or as a word (16 bits), or a double word (32 bits). Words are stored as two consecutive bytes with the low order bytes (D [7: 0] ), located at the lowest address. Double words are stored as four consecutive bytes with the lowest order byte (D [7: 0] ), at the lowest address and the highest order byte (D [31: 24] ), at the highest address. The address of a word or double word is always referenced at the address of the lowest order byte. Memory Refresh Refresh is provided to prevent loss of data in DRAM devices. The memory controller of the 486SL microprocessor performs a DRAM refresh when the REFREQ signal is asserted by the 82360SL peripheral controller. Refresh is usually initiated by the 82360SL but can also be initiated with the REFRESH- signal sent from a bus master installed in the Desktop Expansion Base to the 82360SL. If an external bus master wants to control the bus for an extended period, that bus master must perform the refresh or risk losing the contents of dynamic memory. The external bus master performs the refresh by developing its own refresh request timer and internal arbitration. If a refresh is in progress when a DMA cycle is requested, the DMA cycle runs without allowing the CPU to regain control of the bus. If a direct memory cycle is in progress when a refresh is requested, the refresh cycle runs without allowing the CPU to regain control of the bus. Refresh and other DMA cycles are started on a first-come, first-serve basis after the CPU releases the bus. The standard DRAM used in Compaq LTE Lite computers feature low power consumption and slow refresh times to provide longer battery usage. The optional memory cards specifically designed for Compaq LTE Lite computers also share the low power and slow refresh characteristics. The refresh rates are dependent on the configuration of the system and whether or not the system is in Standby. Table 4-4 shows the system memory refresh rates for the various system configurations. Table 4-4. DRAM Refresh Specifications ========================================================================= == Configuration System Memory Refresh Rate ========================================================================= == Stand-alone Unit -- Normal operation: No expansion memory 124.8 usec 80 nsec 4 MB/8 MB expansion memory 124.8 usec 80 nsec expansion memory/16-MB memory card 62.4 usec Stand-alone unit -- Standby operation: No expansion memory 80 nsec 4 MB/8 MB expansion memory 80 nsec expansion memory/16-MB memory card 124.8 usec 124.8 usec 62.4 usec Unit with Desktop Expansion Base: No expansion memory 15.6 usec 80 nsec 4 MB/8 MB expansion memory 15.6 usec 80 nsec expansion memory/16-MB memory card 15.6 usec ========================================================================= == 5.1 INTRODUCTION Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 The power supply system for the 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite products is similar to the 386SL-based models with the addition of a 3.3 volt output, required to power the 486SL microprocessor. The power supply system consists of the external AC Adapter, internal DC to DC converter, main Battery Pack, and Auxiliary Battery. Optional equipment includes the external Battery Charger, Automobile Adapter, and the Desktop Expansion Base. Refer to the Compaq LTE Lite Family Technical Reference Guide (PN 140097-001) for details on the individual sections of the power supply system. This chapter contains the following information: o Functional Description [5.2] o Specifications [5.3] 5.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 The computer is powered from an internal rechargeable battery pack. The standard battery pack for the 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite computers is the Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) type. The external AC Adapter provides power for the internal power supply (DC/DC converter) and power to recharge both the battery pack and auxiliary battery. The internal power supply is a DC/DC converter that converts the input DC voltage, from the AC Adapter or battery pack, to the voltages required by the computer, memory, and display circuitry. The power supply provides an additional 3.3-volt output. This voltage is required to power the low power 486SL microprocessor. The auxiliary battery operates the computer for a short period of time in a reduced power state or standby mode. This reduced power state occurs when the main battery pack is removed in order to replace it with another battery pack. Figure 5-1 shows a block diagram of the power supply system. ILLUSTRATION OF Figure 5-1. 5.3 Block Diagram of the Power Supply System SPECIFICATIONS Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 Power supply specifications for the 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite computers are shown in Table 5-1. Table 5-1. Internal Power Supply Specifications ========================================================================= == Input DC Voltage Range: 10.0 to 20.0 VDC Power Output: Steady State Peak 16.5W 20.OW Output Current: 5.0 VDC Output 3.3 VDC Output Maximum 2.75A 0.60A Peak 3.50A 0.60A Voltage Regulation: Output Nominal Regulation +5.0 VDC +5.075 VDC +/- 3% of Nominal Voltage +3.3 VDC +3.30 VDC +/- 10% of Nominal Voltage ========================================================================= == 6.1 INTRODUCTION Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 This chapter describes the hard drives available for the 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite products. The 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite products accommodate one internal hard drive. Two hard drive capacities, 209-MB and 120-MB, are available. Both hard drive types have 2 1/2-inch platters. One additional hard drive, a 1/2 height 210-MB, 120-MB, or 84-MB may be added externally when using the optional Desktop Expansion Base. For additional information about the Compaq LTE Lite Hard Drive Subsystem, refer to the Compaq LTE Lite Technical Reference Guide (PN 140097-001). 6.2 SPECIFICATIONS Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 The following specifications are for the 209-MB and 120-MB hard drives available in the 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite computers. Table 6-1. 209-Megabyte Hard Drive Physical and Electrical Specifications ========================================================================= == Formatted Capacity Per Drive: 209.7 MB Drives Supported: 1 Drive Type(s) Supported: 16 Transfer Rate (AT Interface): 4.0 MB/s Sector Interleave: 1:1 Access Time (including settling): Track-to-Track (ms) Average (ms) Maximum (ms) <5 <16 <35 Physical Configuration: Cylinders Heads Sectors/Track Bytes/Sector 1024 6 37 - 51 512 Logical Configuration: Cylinders 983 Heads 13 Sectors/Track 32 Bytes/Sector 512 ========================================================================= == Table 6-2. 120-Megabyte Hard Drive Physical and Electrical Specifications ========================================================================= == Formatted Capacity Per Drive: 121.41 MB Drives Supported: 1 Drive Type(s) Supported: 50 Transfer Rate (AT Interface): 4.0 MB/s Sector Interleave: 1:1 Access Time (including settling): Track-to-Track (ms) Average (ms) Maximum (ms) <5 <16 <35 Physical Configuration (Drives installed from either supplier): Cylinders Heads Sectors/Track Bytes/Sector 1065 6 34 - 47 (3 zones) 512 1122 4 53 512 Logical Configuration: Cylinders 760 Heads 8 Sectors/Track 39 Bytes/Sector 512 ========================================================================= == 6.3 CONNECTOR Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 Table 6-3 lists the 44-pin hard drive Power/Interface connector signals. Table 6-3. Hard Drive Connector Signal Definitions ========================================================================= == Pin Signal Description Pin Signal Description ========================================================================= == 1 RESETReset 23 IOWI/O Write 2 GND Ground 24 GND Ground 3 DD7 Data bit <7> 25 IOR- I/O Read 4 DD8 Data bit <8> 26 GND Ground 5 DD6 Data bit <6> 27 IORDY I/O Ready 6 DD9 Data bit <9> 28 RSVD Reserved 7 DD5 Data bit <5> 29 DMA ACK DMA Acknowledge 8 DD10 Data bit <10> 30 GND Ground 9 DD4 Request Data bit <4> 31 IRQ Interrupt 10 DD11 Data bit <11> 32 IO16- 16-bit I/O 11 DD3 Data bit <3> 33 DA1 Address 1 12 DD12 Diagnostics Data bit <12> 34 PDIAG- Pass 13 DD2 Data bit <2> 35 DA0 Address 0 14 DD13 Data bit <13> 36 DA2 Address 2 15 DD1 Data bit <1> 37 CSO- Chip Select 16 DD14 Data bit <14> 38 CS1- Chip Select 17 DD0 Data bit <0> 39 ACTIVE- Drive Activity 18 DD15 Data bit <15> 40 GND Ground 19 GND Ground 41 +5V +5V Logic 20 Clipped Key 42 +5V +5V Motor 21 RSVD Reserved 43 GND Ground 22 GND Ground 44 RSVD Reserved ========================================================================= == 7.1 INTRODUCTION Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 The 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite computers, like the 386SL-based Compaq LTE Lite computers, have power conservation features that are designed to extend operating time while running under battery power. These features are user-controllable with hotkey combinations and through the SETUP and PWRCON utilities. Note that when the computer is powered from an AC source, the power conservation features are not available. For additional information on power conservation for the Compaq LTE Lite computers, refer to the Compaq LTE Lite Family of Personal Computers Technical Reference Guide (PN 140097-001). Compaq LTE Lite computers also implement Advanced Power Management functions as specified in the Intel/Microsoft APM specification, revision 1.0. APM consists of a layered environment that allows the operating system, system BIOS, and application programs to work together to reduce power consumption. For additional information about advanced power management, refer to the APM specification available from Intel Corporation sales offices and from Microsoft. 7.2 POWER CONSERVATION LEVELS Date: June 1993 Part Number: 018A/0693 The 486SL-based Compaq LTE Lite computers feature user-selectable power conservation levels. The power conservation level determines parameters such as subsystem timeouts, display brightness, and processor speed, all of which affect the amount of drain the system places on the battery pack. The power conservation levels are selected with hotkey combinations (from the integrated keyboard only). Table 7-1 shows the power conservation level settings. Table 7-1. Power Conservation Level Settings ========================================================================= == Parameter High Medium * Drain Custom # ========================================================================= == System idle timeout 1 min 3 min 0 min 0 (disabled) - 17 min Standby timeout min 5 min 10 min 0 min 0 (disabled) - 17 Hard drive timeout min 1 min 2 min 0 min 0 (disabled) - 31 Screen save timeout min 2 min 5 min 0 min 0 (disabled) - 31 Display brightness 50% 100% 100% 0 - 100% Processor speed: LTE Lite 4/25 12.5 MHz 25 MHz 25 MHz 3, 6, 12.0, 25 MHz LTE Lite 4/25E 12.5 MHz 25 MHz 25 MHz 3, 6, 12.0, 25 MHz LTE Lite 4/25C 12.5 MHz 25 MHz 25 MHz 3, 6, 12.0, 25 MHz LTE Lite 4/33C 16.5 MHz 33 MHz 33 MHz 4, 8, 16.5, 33 MHz -------------------------------------------------------------------------* Default at power-up # Configured with PWRCON utility or SETUP ========================================================================= ==