General Chemistry
1st Semester Final Review
The final is 100 multiple choice questions over chapters 1-5. Approximately 25%
of the test is mathematical calculations. There will be between 15-25 questions on
each of the chapters
Chapter 1- Matter and Change
1. Know how to identify an intensive physical, extensive physical, and chemical property. Differentiate
between physical and chemical reactions.
a. List two chemical and four physical properties of Iron
b. Identify the following as physical or chemical changes
1. Baking a cake, melting candle wax, dissolving salt in water,
garbage rotting, corrosion of metals, crushing a crystal to powder
c. Classify these properties: conductivity, ductility, corrosiveness, mass, density, combustibility.
(Chemical Intensive, or Extensive physical)
2. Know the differences between elements, compounds, and the two types of mixtures (Homogeneous &
Heterogeneous)
a. Compare and contrast mixtures and pure substances
b. Give two examples of homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures
3. Know the difference between Exothermic and Endothermic and identify which type is occurring in a
given reaction
a. A combustion Reaction like wood burning.
b. A Medical Ice Pack is snapped and it gets cold.
c. Ice Melts
4. Know the basic parts on the Periodic Table
a. Identify where metals, nonmetals, and metalloids are found
b. A neutral atom with 46 protons is a part of what group?
c. Identify the Families and what row they are in (include their ion charge)
d. An element in the Alkaline Earth Metals will take what charge?
e. What must nitrogen do to become stable? What charge will that make it?
Chapter 2- Measurement and Calculations
1. Know the difference between Accuracy and Precision
a. A set of students measure a test tube’s mass to be 10.4g, 10.0g,10.34g, 9.5g is the data as a
whole precise if the actual mass is 8.0 grams?
b. Using the information above, tell which student was the most accurate. Which one was the most
precise?
2. Know how to use significant digits
a. Calculate the following and round to proper significant digits (round answers to proper
significant digits)
1. (3.40 x 10-5) (.00285) / 127.66 =
2. 100.0 + 32.98 + 4.2 =
3. (6.626 x 10-34) ( 2.1 x 1016) =
3. Know how to use dimensional analysis to calculate
a. 320 nm to cm
b. 4.0 x 10-3 Mhz to Htz
4. Know how to calculate density
a. A sample of Aluminum has a mass of 8.4 g and volume of 3.14 mL. What is the Density of this
metal? (2.7 g/cm3)
5. Know how to convert with temperature units
a. What is absolute zero in K and °C?
b. A reaction reaches 375°C, what is that in Kelvin?
6. Know how to do Volume and Area word problems
a. What is the area of a prism with a base of 3.4 cm and a height of 2.6 cm ?
b. Calculate the volume of a cylinder with a diameter of 8.02mm and a height of 3.900 cm
c. What is the side length of a cube with a volume of 45.775 m2 ?
7. Know how to do dimensional analysis unit conversions for English to metric
a. How many cups of water are there in 43.75 hL ?
b. What is the mass in grams of a 14 oz steak ?
c. How many feet are in 1.85 km ?
Chapter 3- Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter
1.
Know the important laws governing Chemistry: Law of Conservation , Law of
Multiple Proportions, The Atomic Theory
a. When hydrogen and oxygen combine to make water, what amount of
oxygen must react with 3.5 grams hydrogen to make 8.0 grams water?
2. Know how to calculate atomic #, atomic mass, #protons, electrons & neutrons
a. How many p,n,e are in an atom of Bromine-80
b. Write the symbol for a neutral element with 15 protons, & 16 neutrons
c. Write the symbol for an atom with 29 protons, 36 neutrons and 27 electrons.
3. Know the subatomic particles and their properties
a. What has an equal mass to a proton but no charge?
b. What are the properties of an electron?
4. Know the properties of and atom and its nucleus
a. What is known about the mass and volume of the nucleus of an atom
compared to the atom itself?
5. Know what an isotope is and how to identify it
a. Which of the following are isotopes?
1. 42X
2. 21X
3. 32X
4. 43X
b. What is the atomic mass of #2 above?
6. Know the Gold foil Experiment and the Cathode Ray Tube Experiment and what they
proved/discovered
7. Know the parts of Dalton’s Atomic Theory (Which ones are no longer true?)
8. Know how to count atoms in a chemical formula
a. What is the number of atoms of each element in the formula (NH4)3PO4
9. Know how to calculate molar mass of a substance ( Also known as atomic mass, gram formula mass &
molecular mass)
a. What is the molar mass of a the formula Al2(CO3)3
10. Know how to use mole calculations to answer questions.
a.
How many molecules are in 3.0 moles of Potassium Chloride (KCl) ?
b.
How many Liters of CO2 gas are there in 7.45 x 10 25 molecules at STP?
c.
What mass of Nitrogen will have the same number of moles as
12.0 grams of Helium?
Chapter 4- Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms
11. Know the Scientists and their contributions: Democritus, Dalton, Millikan, Planck, Bohr, Rutherford,
Thomson, Einstein, Heisenburg, and Schrodinger ( If they have an atomic model or experiment know
what they look like)
a. Who’s atom model is known as the planetary model ? Why ?
b. Who is credited with the idea that light is emitted in photons? (what’s a photon?)
c. Who formed a mathematical formula that identified the shapes of the electron clouds?
d. Draw and label the model of the atom discovered by Thomson
e. Draw and label the experiment done by Rutherford. What did it discover?
12. Know how to calculate frequency, wavelength and energy
a. What is the wavelength of light that has an energy of 3.0 x 10-19 ?
b. What is the frequency of a blue light with a wavelength of 487.0 nm ?
13. Know what causes elements to emit light when burned
a. How are ground state and excited state related ?
b. What is the reason light is emitted from a burning chemical ?
c. What is a bright line spectrum ?
d. Hydrogen has four lines of color in it’s bright line spectrum, how many electrons moved?
14. Know the electron cloud shapes and how they are arranged in an atom
a. Draw the d orbitals.
b. What cloud shapes are found on the third energy level ?
c. What is the energy level that first has an f orbital ?
15. Know how to write an electron configuration for an element
a. What is the electron configuration for: C, Ni, Rb, Au, Ca+2
b. What does the term isoelectronic mean? Give an example.
c. For an element in the Halogen family which electron configuration is possible? Which electron
configuration is possible for the Carbon family?
1. 1s22s22p2
2. 1s22s22p63s23p4
3. 1s22s22p63s2
Chapter 5- The Periodic Law
1. Know the history of the table formation
a. Who put the periodic table together according to atomic number?
b. Who is the father of the periodic table?
2. Know the Periodic Law and it importance
3. Know the periodic trends for: atomic size, ionic size, ionization energy, electron affinity, and
Electronegativity ( Also reactivity for metals and nonmetals and density)
a. Which element has a larger radius Al or F ?
b. Which has a higher electronegativity Na or Rb? lower ionization energy As or K ?
c. Which gains electrons more easily? S , F, or Ar ?
d. What happened to the size of an atom when it loses and electron?
e. Why does the size of an atom decrease across the table when moving from left to right? Increase
down a column?
f. What happens to density as you move across the periodic table ? Down ?
g. Where is the most reactive metal? Nonmetal?