POLI 398A – INTRODUCTION TO STRATEGIC STUDIES
Poli 398A
Spring 2011
Professor J. Schofield
( julian.schofield@sympatico.ca
)
Monday 18:00-20:15 ; Classroom TBA
Course Description
Office Hrs: Mon 16:00-16:45/20:15-21:00/Wed 17:30-19:00 Office: H-1225-65
This course examines the application of the military instrument of policy, with a focus on operational military rather than strategic political outcomes. Consequently, this is neither a historical course of warfare nor a course in statecraft. The analysis will proceed through operational topics with an emphasis on theoretical understanding of the logic of warfare in the contemporary age. Many of the issues we will deal with are of current or recent interest to policy decision-makers. The emphasis of the course, culminating in a paper, will thus be on understanding and applying many of these theories to ongoing problems. I am interested in developing your ability to reason critically about these issues. Students should be warned that this is a very demanding class both in terms of readings and in the amount of class assignments.
The course will proceed through twenty-four lectures on the application of military force, available on moodle. The notes for a given lecture must be read in their entirety before the student attends class.
Required Texts (available at Concordia’s Downtown bookstore) There is one required texts for this course, as well as a reading package. Students will be expected to complete the assigned readings prior to class each week.
James F. Dunnigan, How to Make War 4th Edition (New York: William Morrow, 2003).
Reader, POLI 398A, 2011 edition
Course requirements
Two Mid-terms 20% On Lectures 9 and 19
Lanchester Assignment (#1) 2.5% Due Lectures 5
Mixed Games Theory Assignment (#2) 2.5% Due Lectures 6
Attrition Assignment (#3) 5% Due Lectures 7
Naval Warfare Assignment (#4) 5% Due Lectures 15
Estimate Assignment (#5) 5% Due Lectures 16
Statistics Assignment (#6) 5% Due Lectures 21
Syndicate Plan (#7)
TEWT Assignment (#8)
Paper Proposal
Course Paper
Final Exam
1% Due Lectures 23
4% Due Lectures 26
5% Due Lectures 11
25% Due Lectures 22
20% Time to be determined by the Exams Office

The mid-terms consist of two in-class short-question exams that will be given on
Lectures 9 and 18. If you do the readings each week, the exam should present no difficulty.
There are eight assignments, some of which will require a scientific calculator and access to PC Lab in H-925-2 and the ability to save and submit a saved file. Students will be expected to familiarize themselves with the rules of the Harpoon simulation and get a computer account by February 8. Students must also obtain lab membership at IITS in order to make use of the statistics program there (SPSS) (H-447 & H-449 lab).
You will be required to write a 15 to 20-page paper (not including footnotes and bibliography). You must get approval for your topic by submitting a three-page proposal by February 3. The proposals may be resubmitted for reevaluation to a higher grade an unlimited number of times before the due date of the paper. The student must schedule a meeting with the professor regarding the proposal to get the proposal mark. The principal case examined in the paper must not be one used or presented in class, and must be a past historical one. One of the citation methods outlined on the library website must be used and citations must include at least two books and two academic journals (not newspapers). I do prefer footnotes though, and numbered pages. The bibliography must also include at least one RAND publication (see government documents at the library for further information). http://www.rand.org/ The paper must be handed in during class on
April 5, with the graded proposal attached to the front of it. Late submissions will be penalized and comments will not be provided. Ensure you keep all your assignments until you receive your final grade to ensure there is no error.
Know that in the course of your paper research that many of the books are not at
Concordia, but they may be inter-library loaned with a delay of about three weeks, so plan ahead. The Concordia inter-library loan website is at: http://library.concordia.ca/flexmail/books.html
Administrative Issues: Current university policy is that there is no professorial discretion with regard to incomplete assignments – assignments not received before a reasonable time before the required date of grade submission must proceed through regular grade change channels. Late assignments will not receive comments. I cannot replace one poorly done assignment with another assignment arrived through a private arrangement with a student – I am required by the university to apply the syllabus.
Significant changes to the syllabus require unanimous consent of students and professor.
Please do not bombard the professor with twitter-like emails. For letters of recommendation, drop the required pre-filled forms (including my name, title, etc), stamped and addressed envelopes (including return address), your transcript, letter of intent, and instructions. I will not do online recommendations unless they don’t require an institutional email. You will receive a much better letter of recommendation if I know who you are. I will only mail out letters of recommendation, and not hand them back to students, nor will I produce letters for non-specific purposes.

Of vital importance is good behavior in the classroom. For example, students must never insult another person in a classroom. Please see the Code of Rights and Responsibilities.
Students not respecting these rules will be asked to leave.
Lecture Topics and Reading Assignments
Inserts :
The Basic Model (Methodology)
The Principles of War
Lanchester Equations
Classic Games
Mixed Game Strategy Equations
Attrition Assignment Proforma
Estimate Assignment Outline
Orders Format
Proposal Format
Paper and Proposal Outline
Case Bibliography
(1). Introduction and Review of Methodology – January 3.
(2). Weapons – January 3
(3). Principles of War I – January 10.
David G. Chandler, Atlas of Military Strategy (London: Arms and Armour, 1998), 12-13
Frederick Lanchester, “Mathematics in Warfare,” in James Newman (ed), The World of
Mathematics (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1956), 2138-2157
O.G. Haywood, Jr., “Military Decision and Game Theory,”
Journal of Operations
Research Society of America 2, no.4 (November 1954).
(4). Principles of War II –January 10.
James Dunnigan, How to Make War (New York: William Morrow, 2003), 2-7
E.D. Swinton,
The Defence of Duffer’s Drift
(Wayne: Avery, 1986).
(5). The Methodical Battle on Land I – January 17.
T.N. Dupuy, Attrition – Forecasting Battlefield Casualties and Equipment Losses in
Modern War (Falls Church: Nova Publications, 1995), 1-47, 98-132, 146-152
Carter Malkasian, A History of Wars of Attrition (Westport: Praeger, 2002), 1-12, 213-
222
Lanchester Assignment #1 Due
(6). The Methodical Battle on Land II – January 17.
James F. Dunnigan, How to Make War (New York: William Morrow, 2003), 15-37, 101-
117, 517-547

Mixed Game Theory Assignment #2 Due
(7). The Maneuver Warfare on Land I – January 24.
James F. Dunnigan, How to Make War (New York: William Morrow, 2003), 63-82
Attrition Assignment #3 Due
(8). The Maneuver Warfare on Land II – January 24.
Edward Luttwak, Strategy – The Logic of War and Peace (Cambridge: Harvard
University Press, 1987), 91-112
(9). #1 Mid-Term Exam – January 31.
(10). Insurgency – January 31.
T.E. Lawrence, “Guerilla,”
Encyclopedia Britannica 17 th
Edition , Vol.10 (New York:
Encyclopedia Britannica, 1929), 950-953
John Shy and Thomas W. Collier, “Revolutionary War,” in Peter Paret (ed.) Makers of
Modern Strategy from Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age (Princeton: Princeton University
Press, 1986), pp.815-862
Martha Crenshaw, “Terrorism and International Violence,” in Manus Midlarsky (ed),
Handbook of War Studies II (Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 2000), 3-24
Major Quick, “Biological Terrorism: R.I.S.E.”
Major Quick, “The Covenant, Sword, and the Arm of the Lord.”
Major Quick, “Weapons of Mass Terror.”
Major Quick, ““Zionist” Terrorists, 1947-1948.”
Major Quick, “Alphabet Bomber.”
Major Quick, “Rajneeshees.”
(11). Counter-Insurgency – February 7.
James J. Gallagher, Low-Intensity Conflict (Harrisburg: Stackpole Books, 1992), pp.33-
76
Eqbal Ahmad, “Counterinsurgency,” in Carollee Bengelsdorf, Margaret Cerullo and
Yogesh Chandrani (eds), The Selected Writings of Eqbal Ahmad (New York: Columbia
University Press, 2006), 37-64
First Paper Proposal Due
(12). Naval Warfare Tactics – February 7.
Wayne Hughes, Fleet Tactics – Theory and Practice (Annapolis: Naval Institute Press,
1986), 240-268, 297
Karl Lautenschlager, “Technology and the Evolution of Naval Warfare,”
International
Security 8, No.2 (Fall 1983), 3-51
(13). Naval Warfare Strategy – February 14.
James Dunnigan, How to Make War (New York: William Morrow, 2003), 219-238, 255-
269, 581-588, 642-644

(14). Tactical Air Warfare – February 14.
James Dunnigan, How to Make War (New York: William Morrow, 2003), 143-171, 589-
601
(15). Strategic Bombing – February 28.
Robert Pape, Bombing to Win - Air Power and Coercion in War (Ithaca: Cornell
University Press 1996), 12-38
Naval Warfare Assignment #4 Due
(16). Strategy & Statistics – February 28.
Estimate Assignment #5 Due
(17). Operations Research – March 7.
(18). Military Budgeting – March 7.
James F. Dunnigan, How to Make War (New York: William Morrow, 2003), 548-578
(19). #2 Mid-Term Exam – March 14.
(20). Performance and Culture – March 14.
T.N. Dupuy, Numbers, Predictions and War (Fairfax: HERO, 1985), 95-110
Edward A. Shils and Morris Janowitz, “Cohesion and Disintegration in the Wehrmacht in
World War II”,
Public Opinion Quarterly (1948), pp.280-315
Martin van Creveld, “Leadership and the Officer Corps,”
Fighting Power – German and
U.S. Army Performance, 1939-1945 (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1982), 126-161
(21). Combat and Cohesion – March 21.
John Keegan, The Face of Battle (New York: Penguin Books, 1976), “Will to Combat,”
274-284
James Dunnigan, How to Make War (New York: William Morrow, 2003), 287-294
William Broyles, “Why Men Love War,” Esquire, November 1984.
Donna Winslow, “Rites of Passage and Group Bonding in the Canadian Airborne,”
Armed Forces & Society Vol.25, No.3 (Spring 1999), 429-457
Statistics Assignment (#6) Due
(22). Syndicate Planning Competition – March 21.
Course Paper Due
(23). TEWT – March 28.
Syndicate Plan (#7) Due

(24). TEWT – March 28.
(25). TEWT Presentations – April 4.
(26). Weapons of Mass Destruction (Chemical and Biological) – April 4.
James F. Dunnigan, How to Make War (New York: William Morrow, 2003), 412-427
Peter Li, “Japan’s Biochemical Warfare and Experimentation in China,” in Peter Li (eds),
Japanese War Crimes (New Brunswick: Transaction, 2003), 289-300
Major Quick, “South Africa’s CBW Program - 11 April 2002.”
Major Quick, “The Use of Gas in Home Defence.”
Major Quick, “The Use of Gas June 6, 1944.”
Major Quick, “Japanese Army Biological Warfare Unit 731.”
Major Quick, “Destruction of CBW Stocks 17 February 1946.”
Major Quick, “Spanish Use Poison Gas in Morocco, 15 August 1923.”
Major Quick, “Chemical Warfare - Ancient Times.”
Major Quick, “Biological Warfare – Across the Ages.”
Major Quick, “Gulf War.”
Major Quick, “RISE.”
Major Quick, “Chlorine VBIED.”
Major Quick, “Dyhernfurth Raid.”
Major Quick, “Rhodesian Central Intelligence Organisation.”
Major Quick, “Destruction CBW.”
Major Quick, “3-Way Paper.”
Major Quick, “Influenza.”
Major Quick, “First US Exposure.”
Major Quick, “Sarin.”
Major Quick, “Biological Warfare – Ancient Times.”
Major Quick, “Soman.”
Major Quick, “Iraqi Chemical Attack.”
Major Quick, “Clumsy MacPherson.”
Major Quick, “British Gas Use Post-W1.”
Major Quick, “Respiratory Protection.”
Major Quick, “Anthrax.”
Major Quick, “Canadian Corps.”
Major Quick, “Arras 1917.”
Major Quick, “BTWC.”
Major Quick, “South Africa.”
Major Quick, “DIN.”
Major Quick, “Australia Group.”
Major Quick, “CSA.”
Major Quick, “Ypres 1915.”
Major Quick, “Chemical Warfare Laboratories Plaque Dedicat.”
Major Quick, “ANZAC Day.”
Major Quick, “Red Army Faction.”
Major Quick, “CWC.”

Major Quick, “Marburg.”
Major Quick, “Australia CW Stocks.”
Major Quick, “Tokyo Subway.”
Major Quick, “CW IED.”
Major Quick, “Lewisite.”
Major Quick, “CBW Buzzwords.”
Major Quick, “Knockout.”
Major Quick, “D-DAY.”
Major Quick, “BZ.”
Major Quick, “Suffield.”
Major Quick, “Viral Encephalitis.”
Major Quick, “The Use of Gas in Home Defence.”
Major Quick, “1925 Geneva.”
Major Quick, “Monkeypox.”
Major Quick, “Binary.”
Major Quick, “Tear Gas.”
Major Quick, “Aum Shinrikiyo.”
Major Quick, “Kameido.”
Major Quick, “Planned UK Use of CW.”
Major Quick, “Aerosol Clouds.”
Major Quick, “Novichok.”
Major Quick, “Nitrogen Mustard.”
Major Quick, “Al-Safir Explosion.”
Major Quick, “London RDD Plot.”
Major Quick, “Minnesota Patriots Council.”
Major Quick, “Green Corn.”
Major Quick, “Respect It.”
Major Quick, “Spanish and Italian Gas Attack.”
Major Quick, “Alphabet Bomber.”
Major Quick, “BWC Reservation.”
Major Quick, “Infinite Reach.”
Major Quick, “French Army.”
Major Quick, “AMITON.”
Major Quick, “Vladimir Kostov.”
Major Quick, “Strasbourg.”
Major Quick, “Geraniums.”
Major Quick, “Emergency CW Destruction.”
Major Quick, “Air Raid Precautions.”
Major Quick, “Anthrax.”
Major Quick, “East Bloc Bioassassinations.”
Major Quick, “First UK Gas Attack.”
Major Quick, “Unit 731.”
Major Quick, “Adolph Hitler.”
Major Quick, “Grosse Isle.”
Major Quick, “ANZAC Gassed.”
Major Quick, “Moscow Theatre.”

Major Quick, “Great War Casualties.”
Major Quick, “Bari.”
Major Quick, “Bhopol.”
Major Quick, “Fritz Haber.”
Major Quick, “Ypres.”
Major Quick, “Italian Gas Atack.”
Canadian Armed Forces, “Effects of Nuke Gear Use Tactics.”
“Iran-Iraq Use of CW.”
TEWT Assignment (#8) Due.
Department of Political Science Statement on Plagiarism
Plagiarism
The Department of Political Science has zero tolerance for plagiarism.
1. What is plagiarism? The University defines plagiarism as “the presentation of the work of another person as one’s own or without proper acknowledgement” (Concordia
Undergraduate Calendar 2007-2008, page 66). Plagiarism is an academic offence governed by the Code of Conduct (Academic). To find out more about how to avoid plagiarism, see the Concordia University Student Learning Services guidelines at: http://cdev.concordia.ca/CnD/studentlearn/Help/handouts/WritingHO/AvoidingPlagiaris m.html
2. What are the consequences of getting caught? Students caught plagiarizing are subject to the following sanctions:
(a) a written reprimand; (b) a piece of work be re-submitted; (c) specified community service at the University of up to ten (10) hours per week for a specified period of time;
(d) a failing grade for the piece of work in question or for the course, if applicable; (e) a failing grade and ineligibility for a supplemental examination or any other evaluative exercise for the course; (f) the obligation to take and pass courses of up to twenty-four
(24) credits in addition to the total number of credits required for the student’s program as specified by the [Dean or Academic Hearing Panel]. If the student is registered as an
Independent student, the sanction will be imposed only if he or she applies and is accepted into a program; (g) suspension for a period not to exceed six (6) academic terms. Suspensions shall entail the withdrawal of all University privileges, including the right to enter and be upon University premises; (h) expulsion from the University.
Expulsion entails the permanent termination of all University privileges (Undergraduate
Calendar, pp. 67, 69).
Complete regulations can be found on pages 65-70 of the Undergraduate Calendar.

3. See also “Resources on Avoiding Plagiarism” at: http://politicalscience.concordia.ca/plagiarism
 Copy from ANYWHERE without saying from where it came.
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Let someone copy your work and then submit it as their own.
Hand in the same assignment in more than one class.
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Have unauthorized material in an exam, such as cheat sheets, crib notes. YOU DON’T HAVE TO BE CAUGHT USING THEM – JUST HAVING THEM
WILL GET YOU INTO TROUBLE!
Copy from someone else’s exam.
Communicate with another student during an exam by talking or using some form of signals.
 Add or remove pages from an examination booklet or take the booklet out of an exam room.
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Get hold of or steal exam or assignment answers or questions.
Write a test or exam for someone else or have someone write for you.
 Hand in false documents such as medical notes, transcript or record.
 Falsify data or research results.
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The Professor will file an incident report.
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You will be asked to come to an interview with the Code Administrator.
A decision will be made to uphold or dismiss the charge.
If the charge is upheld, one or more of the following sanctions will be given:
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A letter of reprimand
Resubmit the assignment or redo the exam
A failing grade in the assignment, exam or course
A failing grade in the course with no right to a supplemental exam
Requirement to take up to an additional 24 credits
Community service
Suspension of up to 3 years
Expulsion from the University
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A charge of academic misconduct will appear on your student record.

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If you believe the charge was incorrectly upheld, you have the right to request a hearing before an
Academic Hearing Panel composed of three professors and two students. This is not an appeal but is a complete rehearing of the case.
For the complete Code of Conduct (Academic) refer to the Undergraduate (pages 604-617) and Graduate (pages 64-
70) Calendars or go to http://secretariat.concordia.ca/policies/academic/en/codeofconduct-academic.shtml