TEST Review – Regulation: Endocrine, Nervous, & Reproduction
Name _____________________
Regulatory Systems Vocabulary
Define the following:
Neuron
14.
Diabetes
15.
Goiter
16.
Insulin
17.
Glucagon
18.
Islets of Langerhans
19.
Pituitary Gland
20.
Thyroid Gland
21.
Adrenal Gland
22.
Hypothalamus
23.
Hormones
24.
Neurotransmitters
25.
Cell Receptors
Sensor Neuron
Effector Neuron
Motor Neuron
Inter-Neuron
Nerves
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Reflex Arch (Reflex Response)
Feedback mechanisms
Negative Feedback System
Homeostasis (Dynamic Equilibrium Steady State)
Pancreas
Reproduction review
Match each item in column with the most closely related item in column B. Note only
items relevant to the lecture have been included here.
___ 1. gametes
a. release estrogen & progesterone
___ 2. Cowpers gland
b. secretes mucus to neutralize the
____ 3. seminal vesicles
vagina & urethra
____ 4. ovaries
c. reproductive cells
d. secretes high concentration of glucose
5. The ovaries in females are responsible for:
a. the production of female gametes
b. the secretion of female sex hormones
c. a & b are correct
6. A sudden drop in FSH & LH levels causes:
a. the onset of menses
b. the rupture of the follicular wall and ovulation
c. the beginning of the proliferative phase
d. the end of the uterine cycle
7. Which accessory organs and glands contribute to the composition of semen? What are the
functions of each?
8. What are the primary functions of the ovaries in females?
9. Which of the following is true regarding the male reproductive system?
a. Sperm are produced in the vas deferens
b. The bulk of the ejaculate is produced by the sex accessory glands
c. Sperm cells are diploid
d. The scrotum keeps the testes warmer, thus helping to promote sperm production
10. The duct that transports the sperm into the urethra
a. vas deferens
b. epididymal duct
c. ureter
d. None of the above
11. Semen
a. is produced primarily by the testes
b. contains the sugar glucose which nourishes the sperm
c. contains prostaglandin which causes muscles of the uterus contract, thus helping sperm
move up the female reproductive tract
d. None of the above
12. Which of the following is true regarding ovulation?
a. It is the name given to the process of gamete formation in women
b. It occurs at the beginning of each menstrual cycle
c. It begins at puberty and usually ends after a woman’s first birth
d. Is the name given to the release of ova or eggs from the ovaries
13. During the menstrual cycle,
a. the hormone LH stimulates estrogen production by follicles
b. the endometrium thickens in preparation for implantation
c. FSH stimulates growth of the ovarian follicles
d. All of the above
14. The periodic shedding of the endometrium (uterine lining) is known as
a. ovulation
b. oogenesis
c. the secretory phase
d. menstruation
Nervous System Review
1. Label and define the parts of the brain below.
2. Give one similarity and one difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic system
3. Give an example for sympathetic and an example for parasympathetic.
4. Label the parts of a neuron and define each term
Dendrite
neurotransmitters
neuron
axon
synapse
nucleus
myelin
Schwann cell
5. Give one similarity and one difference between CNS (central nervous system) and PNS (peripheral
nervous system).
6. Place the following words in order of occurrence
effector, receptor, motor neuron, sensory neuron, interneuron, stimulus, response
7. How does the nervous system help with homeostasis?
8. Which is the first structure stimulated in a reflex arc?
a. motor neuron
b. interneuron
c. receptor
d. effector
9. Explain a nerve impulse.
10. What is the control center of the entire nervous system?
11. List three kinds of neurons that would be involved in a reflex impulse.
12. Which part of the nervous system carries impulses between the body and the central nervous
system?
13. Draw the pathway of impulses through the nervous system in response to feeling rain on your
skin.
The Endocrine System
1. Which structure secretes the substance that it produces directly into the bloodstream?
a. adrenal gland
b. gallbladder
c.
salivary gland
d. skin
2. In humans, one difference between the nervous system and the endocrine system is that
a. only the nervous system plays a role in homeostasis.
b. nerve responses are of longer duration than endocrine responses.
c. only the endocrine system secretes chemicals.
d. nerve responses are more rapid than endocrine responses.
3. Increased perspiration, a higher body temperature, and a rapidly beating heart are all possible
responses to a stressful situation. These body responses are most likely a direct result of the interaction
of the
a. nervous and reproductive systems.
b. digestive and endocrine systems.
c. nervous and endocrine systems.
d. digestive and respiratory systems.
4. An example of a human response is
a. a stone approaching the eye.
b. the buzz of a bee.
c. the fragrance of a rose.
d. the secretion of a hormone.
5. Into which system do endocrine glands secrete hormones?
a. circulatory
b. reproductive
c. digestive
d. nervous
6. A person was admitted to the hospital with abnormally high blood sugar and an abnormally high
sugar content in his urine. Which gland most likely caused this condition by secreting lower than
normal amounts of its hormone?
a. salivary
b. parathyroid
c. pancreas
d. thyroid
7. Which hormone lowers blood sugar levels by increasing the rate of entry of glucose into the cells?
a. parathormone
b. adrenalin
c. insulin
d. follicle-stimulating hormone
8. The islets of Langerhans that produce insulin are structures found in which gland?
a. pancreas
b. pituitary
c. parathyroid
d. testis
e. adrenal
9. An example of the maintenance of homeostasis in humans is the action of glucagons and insulin in
regulating the
a. concentration of blood sugar.
b. excretion of urine from the bladder.
c. temperature of the body.
d. secretion of thyroxin.
10. Which gland produces a hormone that regulates calcium balance in the bloodstream?
a. testis
b. pituitary
c. adrenal
d. parathyroid
e. pancreas
11. The diagram below represents the location of several endocrine glands found within a human body.
Which gland could become enlarged due to a lack of iodine in the
diet?
a.
4
b.
5
c.
2
d.
1
12.
The long bones of a child with dwarfism do not elongate as much as those of other children. This
condition results from a malfunction of the
a. gonads
b. pituitary gland
c. kidneys
d. islets of Langerhans
13.
A similarity between the nervous system and the endocrine system in humans is that they both
a. are composed of glands.
b. secrete chemicals across synapses.
c. maintain homeostasis.
d. are composed of neurons.
14.
Which statement correctly compares nervous regulation to endocrine regulation?
a. Endocrine responses are more rapid than nerve responses.
b. Endocrine responses involve neurotransmitters, but nerve responses do not.
c. Nerve responses involve hormones, but endocrine responses do not.
d. Nerve responses are more rapid than endocrine responses.
MAKE SURE YOU ALSO STUDY FROM YOUR NOTES!!!
Hormone
Secreted by
Target Tissue
Effects
Ex.: Follicle Stimulating
Hormone
Pituitary Gland
Ovaries and Testes
Regulates the development of male and female gametes
Cortisol
Luteinizing Hormone
(LH)
Prolactin
Human Growth Hormone
(HGH)
Thyroid Stimulating
Hormone (TSH)
Antidiuretic Hormone
(ADH)
Hormone
Oxytocin
Calcitonin
Parathyroid Hormone
(PTH)
Epinephrine (adrenaline)
Norepinephrine
(noradrenaline)
Aldosterone
Insulin
Glucagon
Secreted by
Target Tissue
Effects