SERC Home School Anatomy and Physiology
Course Vocabulary and Assignments
For this course it will be assumed that you will complete all vocabulary BEFORE coming to class so that you are familiar
with the terms. If you don’t understand the meaning exactly that’s OK, we’ll go over it in class. Assignments are also
expected to be completed BEFORE class and in your notebooks.
September 15th-Course Introduction (Cells, Mitosis, Meiosis) This list is a bit longer than usual because
you’ll have a week or so extra to complete the work.

Cell-_______________________________________________________________________

Eukaryote-_____________________________________________________________________

Prokaryote-_____________________________________________________________________
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DNA-_______________________________________________________________________

RNA-_______________________________________________________________________

Messenger RNA-_________________________________________________________________

Transcription-___________________________________________________________________

Codon-_______________________________________________________________________

Anticodon-_____________________________________________________________________

Transfer RNA-___________________________________________________________________

Translation-_____________________________________________________________________

Genetic Code-___________________________________________________________________

Protein-_____________________________________________________________________

Protein synthesis-________________________________________________________________

Chromosomes-__________________________________________________________________

Mitosis-_____________________________________________________________________

Meiosis-_____________________________________________________________________

G1 Growth Phase-________________________________________________________________

G2 Growth Phase-________________________________________________________________

Interphase-_____________________________________________________________________

Anaphase-_____________________________________________________________________

Synthesis Phase-________________________________________________________________

Prophase-_____________________________________________________________________

Metaphase-____________________________________________________________________

Telophase-_____________________________________________________________________

Cancer-_____________________________________________________________________

Cytokinesis-_____________________________________________________________________

Homeostasis-___________________________________________________________________
Homework: Draw, label, and color the parts of a eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells and be able to tell the differences.
Please draw large and print clearly. Here are a few websites to help:
http://waynesword.palomar.edu/lmexer1a.htm
http://www.cbu.edu/~seisen/EukaryoticCellStructure.htm
http://dbscience3.wikispaces.com/Gabby
September 19th-Skeletal Systems

Axial skeleton-__________________________________________________________________________

Appendicular skeleton____________________________________________________________________

Joint-_________________________________________________________________________________

Ligament-____________________________________________________________________________

Tendon-_______________________________________________________________________________
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Compact bone-________________________________________________________________________

Spongy bone-__________________________________________________________________________

Osteocyte-___________________________________________________________________________

Osteoblast-___________________________________________________________________________

Osteoclast-___________________________________________________________________________

Evolution-____________________________________________________________________________

Convergent Evolution-_________________________________________________________________

Divergent Evolution-____________________________________________________________________
Homework: Name the five types (shapes) of bones, and their functions, and then draw an example of each from an
animal or human on a separate piece of paper.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Using this link: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Animals/The_Skeleton follow the
instructions below.
1. Add the following labels to the diagrams of the long bone below.
a) Epiphysis;
b) Shaft;
c) Compact bone;
d) Spongy bone;
e) Articular surface;
f) Red marrow;
g) Yellow marrow;
2. Add the following labels to the diagram of the vertebra shown below:
h) Spinous process
i) Transverse process
j) Body of vertebra
k) Neural (central) canal
October 13th- Muscular Systems

Muscle--__________________________________________________________________________

Voluntary-__________________________________________________________________________

Involuntary-__________________________________________________________________________

Smooth Muscle-__________________________________________________________________________

Striped Muscle-__________________________________________________________________________

Serratus Ventralis-__________________________________________________________________________

Cardiac Muscle-__________________________________________________________________________

Skeletal muscle-__________________________________________________________________________

Simple squamos epithelial cells-____________________________________________________________

Simple cubodial epithelial cells-______________________________________________________________

Stratified squamos cells-____________________________________________________________________

Neuron-_________________________________________________________________________________

Flexor-__________________________________________________________________________________

Extensor-________________________________________________________________________________

Myofibrils-______________________________________________________________________________
Homework-
Currently there are no really good simple videos on Youtube about how muscles work. With a lab
partner you will create a short video (30 seconds-1 minute). Visit this website:
http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/301notes3.htm for starting materials. Other websites are fine too, but start here. For
your project:
1. Choose a muscle in the human body (arm, leg, finger, cardiac, knee flexors, foot, etc). Study how this muscle(s)
moves, extends, and contracts. Create a script for your video. Be sure to include details about flexors, and
extensors, voluntary, and involuntary movement, if it is smooth muscle, skeletal muscle or cardiac muscle. If
you have time also include other relevant information. Be creative. You can use drawings for your video. If
you’re unsure about content e-mail or call me.
2.
Use a smart phone, video camera, or other device to record your video. E-mail this to me. If you don’t have a
recorder then you can borrow one from SERC, but it must be used onsite. E-mail me to set up a time to come
use the equipment.
October 27th- Organ Systems
Homework- For this lab’s homework we’re going to do something different. You will create a 3-D model of one of the
organ systems of a cat by using your lab manual. You can use clay, felt, foam, or any found materials. From the list
below, using the last letter of your name, you will decide which organ system you’re going to focus on. For example my
last name is McDonald so I would be doing the respiratory system. Your model should be approximately shoe box size
(it doesn’t have to be in a shoe box) and must be labeled in some way with the major organ parts, veins, arteries, etc.
You must label at least 10 parts but more are OK. You can also do cut-aways of the organs (like the heart) so you can see
inside or even do moving parts, such as a pumping heart, moving lungs, or digesting food. Be prepared to explain your
model to the class. Extra points for creativity!!!
A-H: Digestive System (start with the mouth and go to the poop shoot)
I-Q: Respiratory System (start with the nose and give details of the lungs and alveoli)
R-Z: Circulatory System (start with the heart and show the major arteries and veins and where they go)
November 10th- Crayfish/Blue Crab Dissection

Arthropod-_____________________________________________________________________________

Chilaped-_______________________________________________________________________________

Perepods-_______________________________________________________________________________

Carapus-________________________________________________________________________________

Dactyl-_________________________________________________________________________________

Chela-_________________________________________________________________________________

Gonopores-_____________________________________________________________________________

Gonopods-______________________________________________________________________________

Compound eye-__________________________________________________________________________

Rugae-__________________________________________________________________________________

Chemo-reception-_________________________________________________________________________

Cetae-___________________________________________________________________________________
Homework- Go to the following website:
http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/mjvl/biology/dissect/crayfish.htm#cardiovascular and then study the internal and external
anatomy of the crayfish. Print this and bring it to class. After you’ve printed the materials use this website to quiz
yourself: http://biog-1101-1104.bio.cornell.edu/BioG101_104/tutorials/animals/crayfish.html.
December 1st- Amphibian Dissection (Mudpuppy/Frog)
Homework- Using your lab manual draw the skeletons of a mud puppy and a frog side by side on a piece of poster
board (black or white poster board, your choice). Label the parts of the skeletons. Label at least 25 bones (more is OK). If
they share similarities put the label in the middle and draw an arrow to that particular bone. If you run out of room it’s
ok to use numbers or label on the outside of the skeletons. You may also draw the skull or other bones separate if you
wish to include more detail. See example below:
Vertebrae
Pelvic
Girdle
Tarsus
December 15th- Bird Dissection
Homework1. Go to the following website: http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/birdrespiration.html which describes bird
respiration. Write a 1 page report (double spaced, 11pt, normal margins) on how birds breathe. This report may
extend to 2 pages if you need more room. I want a good explanation of how the air sacs and muscles work. You
can also use other internet resources so don’t be afraid to look around. Be sure to cite what resources you use, if
you use other resources, in the body of your paper. If you don’t know how to cite a source in a paper use this
website to help you: http://www.easybib.com/.
2. In your lab manual study the external anatomy of the pigeon and its feathers.
January 19th- Rat Dissection

Rodent-_________________________________________________________________________________

Vibrissae-_______________________________________________________________________________

Nictating membrane-______________________________________________________________________

Coelom-_______________________________________________________________________________

Pericardium-______________________________________________________________________________

Pinna-___________________________________________________________________________________

Auditory meatus-_________________________________________________________________________
Homework- Using your computer I want you to research the shape of the hearts of the following organisms:
1. Fish
2. Reptiles/Amphibians
3. Mammals
Draw these three types of hearts, and using red arrows for oxygenated blood and blue arrows for oxygen depleted
blood, draw how the blood moves in and out of the hearts. Label the major parts of the hearts (example: atrium,
ventricle, etc.). Below each picture of the heart I want you to label the following information:
A. Type of organism (mammal, fish, amphibian, etc.)
B. Number of chambers in the heart
C. Tel l me if Oxygen rich blood mixes with oxygen poor blood
D. Rate the efficiency of the heart as: Highly efficient, efficient, or not efficient and why.
I will give a prize to those students that include the earthworm’s hearts and how blood flows through them.
February 2nd-Independent Project
February 16th-Project Presentations