AP BIOLOGY
CHAPTER 16
OUTLINE
THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
I. DNA AS THE GENETIC MATERIAL
A. The search for the genetic material led to DNA: science as a process
Proteins were thought to be the genetic material because:
1. Evidence that DNA can transform bacteria - Griffith's experiments -
2. Evidence that viral DNA can program cells - Hershey and Chase's
experiments -
3. Additional evidence that DNA is the genetic material of cells
a. Circumstantial evidence -
b. Chargaff's experiments -
B. Building a Structural Model of DNA: Scientific Inquiry
1. Rosalind Franklin's x-ray crystallography -
2. Watson and Crick's models -
3. Importance of the base-pairing rule -
II. MANY PROTEINS WORK TOGETHER IN DNA REPLICATION AND REPAIR
A. The Basic Principle: Base Pairing to a Template Strand 1. Template mechanism for DNA replication -
2. Semiconservative model - experimental evidence and conclusions -
B. DNA Replication: A Closer Look –
1. Getting started: origins of replication -
2. Synthesizing aNew DNA Strand -
3. Antiparallel Elongation -
4. The DNA Replication Process -
C. Proofreading and Repairing DNA --
D. Replicating the Ends of DNA Molecules –
III. A Chromosome Consists of a DNA Molecule Packed Together With Proteins -