Biology 1406 Review Sheet for Exam 2
Mr. Dees
Note: the following is a brief synopsis of the topics covered by the first lecture exam. Be sure that this sheet is
not all that you study, for this list may be incomplete and is not very detailed. Anything covered in lecture is fairgame for the exam. Use this to be sure you do not have any “gaps” in your notes. A helpful section is provided at
the end of each chapter in the form of a chapter summary, key terms, and review questions.
Chapter 6
basic unit of life
three characteristics all cells
share
Robert Hooke
advances in microscopy
magnification
resolution
types of microscopes discussed in
class
prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells –
compare and contrast
what regulates cells size?
structure of the plasma membrane
compare and contrast generalized
plant and animal cells
be sure to know the structure and
function of all cellular parts
discussed in class:
microvilli
flagellum
cilia
cytoplasm
cytoskeleton
mitochondrion
cristae
matrix
chloroplast
grana
thylakoid
Centrosome
centrioles – mitotic spindle
SER
RER
Golgi apparatus – cis and
trans face
vesicles - vacuoles
ribosome – free and bound
lysosome
peroxisome
nucleus
nuclear envelope
nuclear pores
nucleolus
chromatin-chromosomes
cell wall
plasmodesmata
cellulose
central vacuole
tonoplast
turgor pressure
human chromosomes 23 pair
composition of cell wall
cellular junctions discussed
tight junctions, gap junctions,
desmosomes in animal cells
plasmodesmatsa in plant cells
coordination of cellular activity
genetic control
Chapter 7
relative thickness of plasma
membrane
Who are Gorter and Grendel,
Davson and Danelli, Singer and
Nicolson and what did each do??
fluid mosaic model
factors that allow membrane
fluidity
functions of membrane proteins –
there were six discussed in class
integral and peripheral proteins
glycolipds
glycoproteins
process for synthesis of membrane
forms of membrane transport
active vs passive
diffusion
concentration gradient
equilibrium
osmosis
hypotinic – hypertonic – isotonic
solutions
net movement of water
solute – solvent- solution
effects of tonicity on plant and
animal cells
contractile vacuole of paramecium
facilitated diffusion
channel protein
carrier protein
sodium-potassium pump
bulk transport
Exocytosis
endocytosis
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
receptor-mediated endocytosis
Chapter 8
metabolism defined
role of enzymes
catabolic pathways
anabolic pathways
energy
kinetic energy
potential energy
thermodynamics
1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics
and relevance to living systems examples
three types of cellular work with
examples
ATP
know the process by which ATP
produces energy for cellular work
phosphorylation
catalysts
enzymes
substrate
active site
enzyme-substrate complex
factors that influence enzymatic
activity with examples discussed in
class