Year 3
Grammar
Terminology
Year 3 Grammar Glossary
Year 5 Grammar Glossary
Grammar Term
What does it mean?
Adverbs
These can be used to express time, place
and cause.
They are added to a verb or clause to add
information.
I went to the park yesterday.
Next, I will close my book.
Clause
A clause is a phrase of two or more words.
The key word is the verb.
I was walking.
I rode my bike because it was raining.
Conjunction
A conjunction links two words, phrases or
clauses together as part of a sentence.
When, before, after, while, so and because.
I rode my bike because it was raining.
Consonant Letter
Consonant letters are those that you use
your teeth, lips and/or tongue to change
how the air comes through your mouth
when making the letter sound.
The sound /b/ is made by closing your lips
and opening them again quickly.
The sound /t/ is made by pressing your
tongue behind your teeth.
Direct Speech
Direct speech are the words which are
spoken directly, the words that come out of
a person’s mouth.
Speech bubbles in a cartoon
Year 3 Grammar Glossary
Year 5 Grammar Glossary
Grammar Term
What does it mean?
Inverted commas
Inverted commas are used for speech
marks to show what has been spoken.
They only go around what is spoken and
not who is speaking. “Good morning” said
the teacher.
Paragraphs
A paragraph is a section of text all on the
same theme or topic.
A new topic/theme will mean a new
paragraph.
Prefix
A prefix is something that is added to
the start of a word to turn it into a
different word.
Take – overtake
mobile – automobile
Preposition
A preposition is used to link a noun or noun
phrase to another word, often to mark
direction or location and sometimes time.
Please put your pencils in the box.
I have not walked home since yesterday.
We went on holiday.
Vowel Letter
A vowel letter is made just by changing the
shape of your open mouth.
a, e, i, o, u.
Year 3 Spelling Guidance
Year 5 Grammar Glossary
Spelling rule
What does it mean?
Suffix -ation
This is added to verbs to form nouns.
If a word ends in –e you drop the e
before adding –ation eg
Adore – adoration,
Sense – sensation,
Prepare - preparation
Suffix -ly
This is added to an adjective to form
an adverb.
The suffix –ly starts with a
consonant letter, so it is added
straight onto most root words.
E.g. Usual – Usually, Final – Finally
Exceptions:
(1) If the root word ends in –y with
a consonant letter before it, the
y is changed to i (but only if the
root word has more than one
syllable)
E.g. happy – happily, angry – angrily
(2) If the root words ends with –le,
the –le is changed to - ly
E.g. gentle – gently, simple - simply
(3) If the root word ends with –ic,
-ally is added rather than just –ly,
except in the word publicly.
E.g. Basic - basically
(4) The words truly, dearly, wholly.
Year 3 Spelling Guidance
Year 5 Grammar Glossary
Spelling rule
What does it mean?
Ending -tion
This is used for root words ending in t or –te.
E.g. Invent – invention
Act - action
Suffix -ous
This is added to the end of a root
word.
Sometimes the root word is obvious
and the usual rules apply for adding
suffixes beginning with vowel letters.
Sometimes there is no obvious root
word.
–our is changed to –or before –ous is
added.
E.g. Humorous, glamorous
A final ‘e’ of the root word must be
kept if the ‘hard’ sound of ‘g’ is to be
kept.
E.g. courageous, outrageous
If there is an /i:/ sound before the –
ous ending, it is usually spelt as i, but
a few words have e.
E.g. serious, obvious, courteous
-cian
This is used for root words ending in
(1) –c –
E.g. Electric – electrician
Music - musician
(2) – cs
E.g. Politics – Politician
Mathematics – Mathematician
Year 3 Spelling Guidance
Year 5 Grammar Glossary
Spelling rule
What does it mean?
-ssion
This is used for root words ending in –
(1) -ss
E.g. Express – expression
Discuss – discussion
Confess - confession
(2) –mit
Permit – permission
Admit - admission
-sion
This is used for root words ending in
–d or –se. Extend – extension
Tense - tension
Endings that sound like ‘shun’
If the end of a word sounds like shun
it is spelt as –sion,
Division
Invasion
Confusion
Endings –ure, -ture and -er
Measure, treasure, nature, picture
Root words that end in -tch you will add –
er.
Teacher, catcher
Endings-gue and -que
If a word ends in the /g/ sound, this is
spelt –gue. Tongue, league
If a word ends in the /k/ sound, this is
spelt –que. Antique, unique.