Thermodynamics Worksheet
Directions: Write the answers to the following questions in the spaces provided. Where
appropriate, make complete statements.
1. What is thermodynamics?
2. What is internal energy?
3. State the first law of thermodynamics.
4. What is an adiabatic process?
5. How does a heat pump differ from a heat source?
6. What is an isothermal process?
7. What is an ideal heat engine?
8. What change in operating conditions increases the efficiency of an ideal heat engine?
9. State the second law of thermodynamics.
10. State the law of entropy.
NNHS Advanced Physics!
Thermodynamics
11. The mechanical equivalent of heat in the SI system
is
.
11
12. The first law of thermodynamics is a special case of the
law of
.
12
13. When heat is converted to another form of energy, or
vice versa, there is (great, some, no) loss of energy.
13
14. In the Joule experiment, no heat enters or leaves the
insulating jar. The water-churning process is, therefore,
a(n)
one.
14
15. Work done by a gas is considered positive when the
gas
and negative when the
gas
.
15a
15b
16. When the volume of a gas increases isothermally, its
pressure
and its
temperature
.
16a
16b
17. During an isothermal expansion, the internal
energy
.
17
18. When the volume of a gas increases adiabatically, its
pressure
and its
temperature
.
18a
18b
19. During an adiabatic expansion, the internal
energy
.
19
20. The source of the heat equivalent of work done by an
ideal gas during isothermal expansion is
its
, while the source of the heat equivalent
of work done by an ideal gas during adiabatic
expansion is its
.
20a
20b
21. Give an example of a heat pump:
.
21
22. Work can be found by finding the
diagram.
of a
22a
22b
23. The second law of thermodynamics makes it impossible
to attain a temperature of
.
23
24. Entropy is the amount of energy that cannot be
converted into
.
24
25. Natural processes tend to increase
universe.
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in the
25
Thermodynamics
26. What happens to V, P, and T in the following processes?
Process
V
P
T
Isobaric expansion
Isothermal compression
Isobaric compression
During which of the above processes is work done on the gas?
During which of the above processes is work being done by the gas?
27. A gas expands from a volume of 2.00 m3 to 6.00 m3 and does 6912 joules of work against a
constant outside pressure. Find the outside pressure.
28. A Carnot engine operates between 20 °C and 500 °C. How much energy must be supplied
to produce 10000 J of work?
29. Find the efficiency of an ideal heat engine operating between temperatures of -100 °C and
500 °C.
30. How much would the efficiency of an ideal heat engine be improved if its lower temperature
were changed from 80.0 °C to 40.0 °C while the upper temperature remained at 300 °C?
NNHS Advanced Physics!
Thermodynamics