Bibliography
Acharya, Amitav. 1994. “Regional Approaches to Security in the Third World:
Lessons and Prospects.” In The South at the End of the Twentieth Century,
edited by Larry A. Swatuk and Timothy M. Shaw. New York: St. Martin’s
Press.
Adorno, T. W., E. Frenkel-Brunswik, D. J. Levinson, and R. N. Sanford. 1950.
The Authoritarian Personality. New York: Harper & Row.
Alesina, Alberto, and Guido Tabellini. 1989. “External Debt, Capital Flight and
Political Risk.” Journal of International Economics 27: 199-220.
Allison, Graham T. 1971. Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile
Crisis. Boston: Little, Brown.
Amnesty International (AI). 1983. Political Killings by Governments. London:
Amnesty International Publishers.
Anderson, Kym, and Richard Blackhurst, eds. 1993. Regional Integration and the
Global Trading System. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Anderson, Lisa. 1995. “Peace and Democracy in the Middle East: The Constraints
of Soft Budgets.” Journal of International Affairs 49: 25-44.
Arend, Anthony Clark, and Robert J. Beck. 1993. International Law and the Use
of Force: Beyond the UN Charter Paradigm. New York: Routledge.
Arendt, Hannah. 1958. The Human Condition. Chicago: University of Chicago
Press.
———. 1969/1972. “On Violence.” In Crises of the Republic. San Diego:
Harvest/Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
———. 1973. The Origins of Totalitarianism. New edition. New York and
London: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Ashley, Richard K. 1980. The Political Economy of War and Peace: The SinoSoviet-American Triangle and the Modern Security Problematique. London:
Frances Pinter Ltd.
Askari, Hossein. 1990. Saudi Arabia’s Economy: Oil and the Search for
Economic Development. Greenwich, CT: Jai Press.
Axelrod, Robert. 1984. The Evolution of Cooperation. New York: Basic Books.
Ayoob, Mohammed. 1989. “The Third World in the System of States: Acute
Schizophrenia or Growing Pains?” International Studies Quarterly 33: 67-79.
———. 1991. “The Security Problematique of the Third World.” World Politics
43: 257-83.
272
Third World War
Azar, Edward E. 1986. “The Management of Protracted Social Conflict in the
Third World.” Ethnic Studies Report 4: 1-17.
———. 1990. The Management of Protracted Social Conflict: Theory and Cases.
Hampshire, UK: Dartmouth.
Azar, Edward E., Paul Jareidini, and Ronald McLaurin. 1978. “Protracted Social
Conflict: Theory as Practice in the Middle East.” Journal of Palestinian
Studies 8: 41-60.
Azar, Edward E., and Chung-In Moon. 1984. “Third World National Security:
Toward a New Conceptual Framework.” International Interactions 11: 10335.
Azar, Edward E., and Chung-In Moon, eds. 1988. National Security in the Third
World: The Management of Internal and External Threats. University of
Maryland: Center for International Development and Conflict Management.
Ball, Nicole. 1988. Security and Economy in the Third World. Princeton:
Princeton University Press.
Barnett, Michael N. 1995. “Sovereignty, Nationalism, and Regional Order in the
Arab States System.” International Organization 49: 479-510.
Becker, Ernest. 1975. Escape from Evil. New York: Free Press.
Bienen, Henry, and Nicolas van de Walle. 1991. Of Time and Power. Stanford:
Stanford University Press.
Bloom, William. 1990. Personal Identity, National Identity and International
Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bobbio, Norberto. 1987. The Future of Democracy: A Defense of the Rules of the
Game. Translated by Roger Griffin. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota
Press.
Boulding, Kenneth E. 1962. Conflict and Defense: A General Theory. New York:
Harper and Row.
———, ed. 1970. Peace and the War Industry. New Brunswick, NJ: Trans-action
Books.
———. 1989. Three Faces of Power. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Boyce, James K. 1992. “The Revolving Door? External Debt and Capital Flight:
A Philippine Case Study.” World Development 20: 335-49.
Brass, Paul R. 1974. Language, Religion, and Politics in North India. London:
Cambridge University Press.
Brecher, Michael, and Jonathan Wilkenfeld. 1990. The Analysis of Crises in the
Twentieth Century, Volume III. Oxford: Permagon Press.
Brecher, Michael, Jonathan Wilkenfeld, and Sheila Moser. 1988. Crises in the
Twentieth Century, Volume I - Handbook of International Crises. Oxford:
Permagon Press.
Bremer, Stuart A. 1982. “The Contagiousness of Coercion: The Spread of Serious
International Disputes, 1900-1976.” International Interactions 9: 29-55.
———. 1992. “Dangerous Dyads: Conditions Affecting the Likelihood of
Interstate War, 1816-1965.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 36: 309-41.
Bibliography
273
Bremer, Stuart A., and Thomas R. Cusack, eds. 1995. The Process of War:
Advancing the Scientific Study of War. Luxembourg: Gordon and Breach
Publishers.
Brinton, Crane. 1965. The Anatomy of Revolution. Revised and expanded ed. New
York: Vintage.
Brogan, Patrick. 1989. World Conflicts: Why and Where They are Happening.
London: Bloomsbury.
Bromlei, IUian Vladimirovich. 1984. Theoretical Ethnography. Moscow: General
Editorial Board of Foreign Publications, “Nauka” Publishers.
———, ed. 1988. Narodi Mira: Istoriko-Etnograficheskii Spravochnik. Moskva:
“Sovetskya Entsiklopedya.”
Brown, Steven R. 1980. Political Subjectivity: Applications of Q Methodology in
Political Science. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
———. 1986. “Q Technique and Method: Principles and Procedures.” In New
Tools for Social Scientists, edited by William D. Berry and Michael S. LewisBeck. Beverly Hills: Sage.
Bruk, Soloman Ilich. 1986. Ethnodemographic Processes: The World Population
at the Threshold of the 21st Century. Translated by Valeri Epstein. Moscow:
USSR Academy of Sciences.
Brunk, Gregory G., Gregory A. Caldeira, and Michael S. Lewis-Beck. 1987.
“Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy: An Empirical Inquiry.” European
Journal of Political Research 15:459-70.
Brzoska, Michael, and Thomas Ohlson, eds. 1986. Arms Production in the Third
World. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). London:
Taylor & Francis.
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce. 1981. The War Trap. New Haven and London: Yale
University Press.
———. 1984. “A Critique of ‘A Critique of The War Trap.’” Journal of Conflict
Resolution 28: 341-60.
———. 1985. “Toward a Scientific Understanding of International Conflict: A
Personal View.” International Studies Quarterly 29: 121-36.
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce, and David Lalman. 1988. “Empirical Support for
Systemic and Dyadic Explanations of International Conflict.” World Politics
(October 1988): 1-20.
Burton, John. 1984. Global Conflict: The Domestic Sources of International
Crisis. College Park: Center for International Development, University of
Maryland.
———, ed. 1990. Conflict: Human Needs Theory. London: Macmillan.
Buzan, Barry. 1983. “Security Strategies for Dissociation.” In The Antinomies of
Interdependence, edited by John Gerard Ruggie. New York: Columbia
University Press.
———. 1991. People, States and Fear: An Agenda for International Security
Studies in the Post-Cold War Era. 2nd ed. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.
274
Third World War
———. 1993. “From International System to International Society: Structural
Realism and Regime Theory Meet the English School.” International
Organization 47: 327-52.
———. 1994. “The Interdependence of Security and Economic Issues in the ‘New
World Order.’” In Political Economy and the Changing Global Order, edited
by Richard Stubbs and Geoffrey R. D. Underhill. New York: St. Martin’s
Press.
Buzan, Barry, Charles Jones, and Richard Little. 1993. The Logic of Anarchy:
Neorealism to Structural Realism. New York: Columbia University Press.
Caporaso, James A. 1992. “International Relations Theory and Multilateralism:
The Search for Foundations.” International Organization 46: 599-632.
Catrina, Christian. 1988. Arms Tranfers and Dependence. United Nations
Institute for Disarmament Research. New York: Taylor & Francis.
Chai, Sun-Ki. 1993. “An Organizational Economic Theory of Antigovernment
Violence.” Comparative Politics (October 1993): 99-110.
Chan, Steve. 1984. “Mirror, Mirror on the Wall...Are the Freer Countries More
Pacific?” Journal of Conflict Resolution 28: 617-48.
———. 1985. “The Impact of Defense Spending on Economic Performance: A
Survey of Evidence and Problems.” Orbis (Summer 1985): 403-34.
———. 1991. “The Political Economy of Military Spending and Economic
Performance: Directions for Future Research.” In The Political Economy of
Defense, edited by A. Ross. Westport: Greenwood Press.
———. 1993. “Democracy and War: Some Thoughts on Future Research
Agenda.” International Interactions 18: 205-13.
———. 1995. “Grasping the Peace Dividend: Some Propositions on the
Conversion of Swords into Plowshares.” Mershon International Studies
Review 39: 53-95.
———. 1997. “In Search of Democratic Peace: Problems and Promise.” Mershon
International Studies Review 41: 59-91.
Chomsky, Noam. 1991. “International Terrorism: Image and Reality.” In Western
State Terrorism, edited by Alexander George. New York: Routledge.
Chorover, Stephan L. 1979. From Genesis to Genocide: The Meaning of Human
Nature and the Power of Behavioral Control. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Choucri, Nazli, and Robert C. North. 1975. Nations in Conflict: National Growth
and International Violence. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
Christie, R. 1954. “Authoritarianism Re-examined.” In Studies in the Scope and
Method of “The Authoritarian Personality,” edited by R. Christie and M.
Johoda. New York: Free Press; Macmillan.
Christie, R., and M. Johoda. 1954. Studies in the Scope and Method of “The
Authoritarian Personality.” New York: Free Press; Macmillan.
Ciprut, Jose V. 1988. “From Grievance to Gravamen: On Linking Armaments
Imports to Regional Tensions; Assessing the Citizen’s Burden at the
Receiving End—Eurafrasia: 1969-1983.” Paper presented at the Annual
Bibliography
275
Meeting of the American Political Science Association, 1-4 September,
Washington, DC.
Clawson, Patrick. 1994. “Mideast Economies After the Israel-PLO Handshake.”
Journal of International Affairs 48: 141-64.
Clutterbuck, Richard. 1986. The Future of Political Violence. New York:
Macmillan.
Cohan, A. S. 1975. Theories of Revolution: An Introduction. New York: Halstead
Press.
Cohen, Ronald, and Elman R. Service. 1978. Origins of the State; The
Anthropology of Political Evolution. Philadelphia: Institute for the Study of
Human Issues.
Conybeare, John A. C. 1984. “Public Goods, Prisoners’ Dilemmas and the
International Political Economy.” International Studies Quarterly 28: 5-22.
Correlates of War Project (COW). 1990. National Material Capabilities.
Computer file. J. David Singer and Melvin Small, principal investigators.
Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.
Correlates of War Project (COW). 1993. International and Civil War Data, 18161992. Computer file. J. David Singer and Melvin Small, principal
investigators. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.
Correlates of War Project (COW). 1994. Militarized Interstate Disputes.
Computer File. ICPSR version. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.
Coser, Lewis A. 1956. The Functions of Social Conflict. New York: Free Press.
———, ed. 1965. Georg Simmel. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
———. 1973. “Social Conflict and the Theory of Social Change.” In Social
Change: Sources, Patterns, and Consequences, edited by A. Etzioni and E.
Etzioni-Halevy. 2nd ed. New York: Basic Books.
Cranna, Michael, ed. 1994. The True Costs of War: Seven Recent Wars and Their
Effects on Society. New York: The New Press.
Crawford, Beverly. 1994. “The New Security Dilemma Under International
Economic Interdependence.” Millennium: Journal of International Studies
23: 25-55.
Crenshaw, Martha. 1988. “The Subjective Reality of the Terrorist: Ideological and
Psychological Factors in Terrorism.” In Current Perspectives on International
Terrorism, edited by Robert O. Slater and Michael Stohl. New York: St.
Martin’s Press.
Crocker, Chester A., and Fen Osler Hampson with Pamela Aall, eds. 1996.
Managing Global Chaos: Sources of and Responses to International Conflict.
Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press.
Dahl, Robert A. 1989. Democracy and Its Critics. New Haven: Yale University
Press.
Damrosch, Lori Fisler, ed. 1993. Collective Intervention in Internal Conflicts.
New York: Council on Foreign Relations.
276
Third World War
Davies, James C. 1962. “Toward a Theory of Revolution.” American Sociological
Review 27: 5-18.
———. 1969. “The J-Curve of Rising and Declining Satisfactions as a Cause of
Some Great Revolutions and a Contained Rebellion.” In Violence in America,
edited by H. D. Graham and T. R. Gurr. New York: Signet Books.
———. 1971. “Towards a Theory of Revolution.” In When Men Revolt and Why,
edited by J. C. Davies. New York: Free Press.
Dawes, Robyn M., and John M. Orbell. 1995. “The Benefit of Optional Play in
Anonymous One-Shot Prisoner’s Dilemma Games.” In Barriers to Conflict
Resolution, edited by K. Arrow, R. H. Mnookin, L. Ross, A. Tversky, and R.
Wilson. New York: W. W. Norton.
Dawes, Robyn M., Alphons J. C. van de Kragt, and John M. Orbell. 1990.
“Cooperation for the Benefit of Us—Not Me, or My Conscience.” In Beyond
Self-Interest, edited by Jane J. Mansbridge. Chicago: University of Chicago
Press.
Deger, Saadet. 1986. Military Expenditure in Third World Countries: The
Economic Effects. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Deng, Francis M. 1993. Protecting the Dispossessed: A Challenge for the
International Community. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.
Deutsch, Karl W. 1961. “Social Mobilization and Political Development.”
American Political Science Review 55:493-511.
Deutsch, Karl W. et al. 1957. Political Community and the North Atlantic Area.
Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Diamond, Jared. 1997. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies.
New York: W. W. Norton.
Diehl, Paul F. 1991. “Geography and War: A Review and Assessment of the
Empirical Literature.” International Interactions 17: 11-27.
———. 1992. “What Are They Fighting For? The Importance of Issues in
International Conflict Research.” Journal of Peace Research 29: 333-44.
Dixon, W. J. 1993. “Democracy and the Management of International Conflict.”
Journal of Conflict Resolution 37: 42-68.
———. 1994. “Democracy and the Peaceful Settlement of International Conflict.”
American Political Science Review 88: 14-32.
diZerega, Gus. 1995. “Democracies and Peace: The Self-Organizing Basis for
Peace.” The Review of Politics 57: 279-308.
Domke, William K. 1988. “Foreign Trade and the Onset of War.” Chap. 5 in War
and the Changing Global System. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Donnelly, Jack. 1993. International Human Rights. Boulder: Westview Press.
Doyle, Michael W. 1986. “Liberalism and World Politics.” American Political
Science Review 80: 1151-69.
Duckitt, John. 1989. “Authoritarianism and Group Identification: A New View of
an Old Construct.” Political Psychology 10: 63-84.
Bibliography
277
Dunne, P. 1990. “The Political Economy of Military Expenditure: An
Introduction.” Cambridge Journal of Economics 14: 395-404.
Dupré, John. 1993. The Disorder of Things: Metaphysical Foundations of the
Disunity of Science. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Durkheim, Emile. 1933. The Division of Labor in Society. New York: Macmillan.
Duvall, Raymond D., and Michael Stohl. 1983. “Governance By Terror.” In The
Politics of Terrorism, 2nd ed., edited by Michael Stohl. New York: Marcel
Dekker.
Easton, David. 1965. A Framework for Political Analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:
Prentice-Hall.
Eckstein, Harry. 1980a. “Theoretical Approaches to Explaining Collective
Political Violence.” In Handbook of Political Conflict, edited by T. R. Gurr.
New York: Free Press.
———. 1980b. The Natural History of Congruence Theory. Graduate School of
International Studies, University of Denver.
———. 1988. “A Culturalist Theory of Political Change.” American Political
Science Review 82: 789-804.
Eckstein, Harry, and Ted Robert Gurr. 1975. Patterns of Authority: A Structural
Basis for Political Inquiry. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Ember, Carol R., and Melvin Ember. 1994. “War, Socialization, and Interpersonal
Violence.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 38: 620-46.
Ember, Carol R., Melvin Ember, and Bruce Russett. 1992. “Peace Between
Participatory Polities: A Cross-Cultural Test of the ‘Democracies Rarely Fight
Each Other’ Hypothesis.” World Politics 44: 573-99.
Emizet, Kisangani N., and Vicki L. Templin (Hesli). 1991. “The Disposition to
Secede: An Analysis of the Soviet Case.” Paper presented at the Annual
Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, 18-21 April, Chicago.
Enloe, Cynthia. 1989. Bananas, Beaches and Bases: Making Feminist Sense of
International Politics. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Esty, Daniel C., Jack A. Goldstone, Ted Robert Gurr, Barbara Harff, Marc Levy,
Geoffrey D. Dabelko, Pamela T. Surko, and Alan N. Unger. 1998. State
Failure Task Force Report: Phase II Findings. McLean, VA: Science
Applications International Corporation.
Etzioni, Amitai. 1962. “The Dialectics of Supranational Unification.” American
Political Science Review 56: 927-35.
Faber, Jan, Henk W. Houweling, and Jan G. Siccama. 1984. “Diffusion of War:
Some Theoretical Considerations and Empirical Evidence.” Journal of Peace
Research 21: 277-88.
Falk, Richard A. 1966. The Strategy of World Order. New York: World Law
Fund.
———. 1983. End of World Order; Essays on Normative International Relations.
New York: Holmes & Meier.
278
Third World War
Falk, Richard A., and Samuel S. Kim, eds. 1980. The War System: An
Interdisciplinary Approach. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Fanon, Frantz. 1963. The Wretched of the Earth. Translated by Constance
Farrington. New York: Grove Press.
Feierabend, Ivo K., Rosalind L. Feierabend, and Betty A. Nesvold. 1969. “Social
Change and Political Violence: Cross-National Patterns.” In Violence in
America, edited by H. D. Graham and T. R. Gurr. New York: The New
American Library.
Fein, Helen. 1979. Accounting for Genocide. New York: Free Press.
Ferguson, Yale H., and Richard W. Mansbach. 1991. “Between Celebration and
Despair: Constructive Suggestions for Future International Theory.”
International Studies Quarterly 35: 363-86.
Festinger, Leon. 1957. A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. Stanford: Stanford
University Press.
Fontanel, Jacques. 1990. “Review Essay: The Economic Effects of Military
Expenditure in Third World Countries.” Journal of Peace Research 27: 46166.
Forsythe, David P. 1992. “Democracy, War, and Covert Action.” Journal of Peace
Research 29: 385-95.
Frank, André Gunder. 1969. Latin America: Underdevelopment or Revolution.
New York: Monthly Review Press.
Frendreis, John P. 1989. “Modeling Spatial Diffusion: Reaction to Wellhofer.”
Comparative Political Studies 22: 343-52.
Friedrich, Carl J., and Zbigniew K. Brzezinski. 1965. Totalitarian Dictatorship
and Autocracy. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Galtung, Johan. 1964. “A Structural Theory of Aggression.” Journal of Peace
Research 1: 95-119.
———. 1971. “A Structural Theory of Imperialism.” Journal of Peace Research
8: 81-117.
Gambari, Ibrahim A. 1991. Political and Comparative Dimensions of Regional
Integration. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press.
Garnham, David. 1986. “War-Proneness, War-Weariness, and Regime Type,
1816-1980.” Journal of Peace Research 23: 279-89.
Gastil, Raymond D. 1978-1992. Freedom in the World: Political Rights and Civil
Liberties. Annual series. New York: Freedom House.
George, Alexander, ed. 1991. Western State Terrorism. New York: Routledge.
Geschwender, James A. 1968. “Explorations in the Theory of Revolutions and
Social Movements.” Social Forces 42: 127-35.
Gilpin, Robert. 1981. War and Change in World Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Glasser, Bradley L. 1995. “External Capital and Political Liberalizations: A
Typology of Middle Eastern Development in the 1980s and 1990s.” Journal
of International Affairs 49: 45-73.
Bibliography
279
Gleditsch, Nils Peter. 1992. “Democracy and Peace.” Journal of Peace Research
29: 369-76.
Gleitman, Henry. 1986. Psychology. 2nd ed. New York: W. W. Norton.
Gochman, Charles S., and Russell J. Leng. 1983. “Realpolitik and the Road to
War: An Analysis of Attributes and Behavior.” International Studies
Quarterly 27: 97-120.
Gochman, Charles S., and Zeev Maoz. 1984. “Militarized Interstate Disputes,
1816-1976: Procedures, Patterns, Insights.” Journal of Conflict Resolution
28: 585-615.
Goertz, Gary. 1994. Contexts of International Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Goertz, Gary, and Paul F. Diehl. 1993. “Enduring Rivalries: Theoretical
Constructs and Empirical Patterns.” International Studies Quarterly 37: 14771.
Goldmann, Kjell. 1994. The Logic of Internationalism: Coercion and
Accommodation. New York: Routledge.
Goldmann, Kjell, and Gunnar Sjostedt, eds. 1979. Power, Capabilities,
Interdependence. London: Sage.
Goldstein, Joshua S. 1985. “Kondratieff Waves as War Cycles.” International
Studies Quarterly 29: 411-44.
———. 1992. “A Conflict-Cooperation Scale for WEIS Events Data.” Journal of
Conflict Resolution 36: 369-85.
Goldstone, Jack A. 1980. “Theories of Revolution: The Third Generation.” World
Politics (April 1980): 425-53.
Goodwin, Craufurd D., ed. 1991. Economics and National Security: A History of
Their Interaction. Durham: Duke University Press.
Gowa, Joanne. 1989. “Bipolarity, Multipolarity, and Free Trade.” American
Political Science Review 83: 1243-56.
Gowa, Joanne. 1995. “Democratic States and International Disputes.”
International Organization 49: 511-22.
Gowa, Joanne, and Edward D. Mansfield. 1993. “Power Politics and International
Trade.” American Political Science Review 87: 408-20.
Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry (GAP). 1987. Us and Them: The
Psychology of Ethnonationalism. Committee on International Relations,
report no.123. New York: Brunner/Mazel.
Gulati, Sunil. 1988. “Capital Flight: Causes, Consequences and Cures.” Journal
of International Affairs 42: 165-85.
Gupta, Dipak K. 1990. The Economics of Political Violence: The Effects of
Political Instability on Economic Growth. New York: Praeger.
Gurr, Ted Robert. 1970. Why Men Rebel. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
———. 1972. Politimetrics: An Introduction to Quantitative Macropolitics.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
280
Third World War
———, ed. 1980. Handbook of Political Conflict: Theory and Research. New
York: Free Press.
———. 1985. “On the Political Consequences of Scarcity and Economic
Decline.” International Studies Quarterly 29: 51-75.
———. 1986a. “The Role of the State in Political Violence: A Theoretical
Analysis.” In Government Violence and Repression: An Agenda for Research,
edited by G.A. Lopez and M. Stohl. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
———. 1986b. “Persisting Patterns of Repression and Rebellion: Foundations for
a General Theory of Political Coercion.” In Persisting Patterns and Emergent
Structures in a Waning Century, edited by Margaret P. Karns. New York:
Praeger Special Studies.
———. 1988. “War, Revolution, and the Growth of the Coercive State.”
Comparative Political Studies 21: 45-65.
———. 1989. “Theories of Political Violence and Revolution in the Third World:
Some African Implications and Applications.” Paper presented at the
Research Conference on Conflict Resolution in Africa, 15-18 October, The
Brookings Institution, Washington, DC
———. 1990. “Ethnic Warfare and the Changing Priorities of Global Security.”
Mediterranean Quarterly 1: 82-98.
———. 1993. Minorities at Risk: A Global View of Ethnopolitical Conflicts.
Washington: United States Institute of Peace Press.
———. 1993b. “Why Minorities Rebel: A Global Analysis of Communal
Mobilization and Conflict since 1945.” International Political Science Review
14: 161-201.
———. 1994. “Peoples Against States: Ethnopolitical Conflict and the Changing
World System.” International Studies Quarterly 38: 347-77.
Gurr, Ted Robert, Keith Jaggers, and Will H. Moore. 1989. Polity II. Computer
File. University of Colorado and United States Institute of Peace.
Gurr, Ted Robert, Keith Jaggers, and Will H. Moore. 1991. “The Transformation
of the Western State: The Growth of Democracy, Autocracy, and State Power
since 1800.” In On Measuring Democracy, edited by Alex Inkeles. New
Brunswick: Transaction.
Gurr, Ted Robert, and Mark Irving Lichbach. 1986. “Forecasting Internal
Conflict: A Competitive Evaluation of Empirical Theories.” Comparative
Political Studies 19: 3-38.
Gurr, Ted Robert, and Monty G. Marshall. 1990. Minorities at Risk. Computer
File. College Park, MD: Center for International Development and Conflict
Management, University of Maryland.
Gurr, Ted Robert, and James R. Scarritt. 1989. “Minorities Rights at Risk: A
Global Survey.” Human Rights Quarterly 11: 375-405.
Haas, Ernst B. 1958. The Uniting of Europe: Political, Social and Economic
Forces, 1950-1957. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Bibliography
281
Haas, Michael. 1986. “Research on International Crisis: Obsolescence of an
Approach?” International Interactions 13: 23-58.
Hagan, J. D. 1994. “Domestic Political Systems and War Proneness.” Mershon
International Studies Review 38: 183-208.
Hakovirta, Harto. 1986. Third World Conflicts and Refugeeism: Dimensions,
Dynamics and Trends of the World Refugee Problem. Commentationes
Scientiarum Socialium: 32. Helsinki: Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters.
Hammarström, Mats. 1994. “The Diffusion of Military Conflict: Central and
South-East Europe in 1919-20 and 1991-92.” Journal of Peace Research 31:
263-80.
Hardin, Russell. 1995. One for All: The Logic of Group Conflict. Princeton:
Princeton University Press.
Harff, Barbara. 1986. “Modelling State Repression, National and International
Factors.” Paper presented at the Annual Meeting on the American Political
Science Association, August, Washington, DC.
Harff, Barbara, and Ted Robert Gurr. 1988. “Toward Empirical Theory of
Genocides and Politicides: Identification and Measurement of Cases Since
1945.” International Studies Quarterly 32: 359-71.
Held, David. 1995. Democracy and Global Order: From the Modern State to
Cosmopolitan Governance. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Hensel, Paul R. 1994. “One Thing Leads to Another: Recurrent Militarized
Disputes in Latin America, 1816-1986.” Journal of Peace Research 31: 28197.
Hensel, Paul R., and Paul F. Diehl. 1992. “Testing Empirical Propositions about
Shatterbelts, 1945-1976.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the
International Studies Association—Midwest, East Lansing, Michigan,
November 20-21, 1992.
Hermann, Margaret G., and Charles W. Kegley, Jr. 1995. “Rethinking Democracy
and International Peace: Perspectives from Political Psychology.”
International Studies Quarterly 39: 511-33.
Higgs, Robert. 1994. “The Cold War Economy: Opportunity Costs, Ideology, and
the Politics of Crisis.” Explorations in Economic History 31: 283-312.
Hill, Stuart, and Donald Rothchild. 1987. “The Contagion of Political Conflict in
Africa and the World.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 30: 716-35.
Hill, Walter W., Jr. 1988. “A Quantitative Analysis of Recent Conflict in South
Africa Using COPDAB.” International Interactions 14: 41-50.
Hine, Robert C. 1992. “Regionalism and the Integration of the World Economy.”
Journal of Common Market Studies 30: 115-23.
Hirschman, Albert. O. 1970. Exit, Voice, and Loyalty. Cambridge: Harvard
University Press.
Hobbes, Thomas. 1651/1962. Leviathan: Or the Matter, Forme and Power of a
Commonwealth Ecclesiasticall and Civil. Edited by Michael Oakeshott. New
York: Collier Books.
282
Third World War
Homer-Dixon, Thomas F. 1994. “Environmental Scarcities and Violent Conflict;
Evidence from Cases.” International Security 19: 5-40.
Homer-Dixon, Thomas F., Jeffrey H. Boutwell, and George W. Rathjens. 1993.
“Environmental Change and Violent Conflict.” Scientific American (February
1993): 38-45.
Hoole, Francis W., and Chi Huang. 1989. “The Global Conflict Process.” Journal
of Conflict Resolution 33: 142-63.
Hoole, Francis W., and Chi Huang. 1992. “The Political Economy of Global
Conflict.” The Journal of Politics 54: 834-56.
Holsti, Kalevi J. 1991. Peace and War: Armed Conflicts and International Order
1648-1989. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Horowitz, Donald L. 1985. Ethnic Groups in Conflict. Berkeley: University of
California Press.
Horowitz, Irving Louis. 1976. Genocide: State Power and Mass Murder. New
Brunswick: Transaction Books.
Houweling, Henk W., and Jan G. Siccama. 1985. “The Epidemiology of War,
1816-1980.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 29: 641-63.
Houweling, Henk W., and Jan G. Siccama. 1988. Studies of War. Dordrecht:
Martinus Nijhoff.
Huckfeldt, Robert. 1990. “Structure, Indeterminacy and Chaos: A Case for
Sociological Law.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 2: 413-33.
Huelshoff, Michael G. 1994. “Domestic Politics and Dynamic Issue Linkage: A
Reformulation of Integration Theory.” International Studies Quarterly 38:
255-79.
Humana, Charles, comp. 1992. World Human Rights Guide. 3rd ed. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
Hunt, Diana. 1989. Economic Theories of Development: An Analysis of
Competing Paradigms. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
Huntington, Samuel P. 1968. Political Order in Changing Societies. New Haven:
Yale University Press.
———. 1993. “The Clash of Civilizations?” Foreign Affairs (Summer): 22-49.
Huntley, Wade L. 1996. “Kant’s Third Image: Systemic Sources of the Liberal
Peace.” International Studies Quarterly 40: 45-76.
International Monetary Fund (IMF). 1979. Direction of Trade. Computer file. 2nd
release. Washington: IMF; Ann Arbor: Inter-University Consortium of
Political and Social Research.
Jabri, Vivienne. 1996. Discourses on Violence: Conflict Analysis Reconsidered.
Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press.
James, Patrick. 1995. “Structural Realism and the Causes of War.” Mershon
International Studies Review 39: 181-208.
James, Patrick, and David Carment, eds. 1997. Wars Amidst Peace: The
International Dimensions of Ethnic Conflict. Pittsburgh: University of
Pittsburgh Press.
Bibliography
283
Jervis, Robert. 1978. “Cooperation Under the Security Dilemma.” World Politics
30: 167-214.
———. 1985. “From Balance to Concert: A Study of International Security
Cooperation.” World Politics 38: 58-79.
———. 1997. System Effects: Complexity in Political and Social Life. Princeton,
NJ: Princeton University Press.
Job, Brian L. 1992a. “The Insecurity Dilemma: National, Regime, and State
Securities in the Third World.” In The Insecurity Dilemma: National Security
of Third World States, edited by B. L. Job. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.
———, ed. 1992b. The Insecurity Dilemma: National Security of Third World
States. Boulder and London: Lynne Rienner.
Joseph, Sarah. 1988. Political Theory and Power. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
Kant, Immanuel. 1957/1795. Perpetual Peace. Edited by Lewis White Beck.
Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.
Kaplan, Morton. 1957. Systems and Process in International Politics. New York:
John Wiley and Sons.
Karmeshu, V. P. Jain, and A. K. Mahajan. 1990. “A Dynamic Model of Domestic
Political Conflict Process.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 34: 252-69.
Kaye, G. D., D. A. Grant, and E. J. Emond. 1985. Major Armed Conflict: A
Compendium of Interstate and Intrastate Conflict, 1720 to 1985. Ottawa:
Department of National Defense.
Keane, John. 1996. Reflections on Violence. London: Verso.
Kegley, C. W., Jr., and M. G. Hermann. 1995. “The Political Psychology of ‘Peace
Through Democratization.’” Cooperation and Conflict 30: 5-30.
Kelly, Philip L. 1986. “Escalation of Regional Conflict: Testing the Shatterbelt
Concept.” Political Geography Quarterly 5: 161-80.
Kende, Istvan. 1971. “Twenty-Five Years of Local Wars.” Journal of Peace
Research 2: 5-22.
Kennedy, Paul M. 1987. The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic
Change and Military Conflict from 1500 to 2000. New York: Random House.
Keohane, Robert O. 1980. “The Theory of Hegemonic Stability and Changes in
International Economic Regimes, 1967-1977.” In Change in the International
System, edited by Ole Holsti et al. Boulder: Westview Press.
———. 1984. After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political
Economy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Keohane, Robert O., and Joseph S. Nye. 1977. Power and Interdependence: World
Politics in Transition. Boston: Little, Brown.
Keohane, Robert O., and Elinor Ostrom. 1995. Local Commons and Global
Interdependence: Heterogeneity and Cooperation in Two Domains. London:
Sage.
Khan, Mohsin S., and Nadeem Ul Haque. 1987. “Capital Flight from Developing
Countries.” Finance & Development (March 1987): 2-5.
284
Third World War
Kiel, L. Douglas, and Evel W. Elliott, eds. 1997. Chaos Theory in the Social
Sciences. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Kinsella, David, and Hebert K. Tillema. 1995. “Arms and Aggression in the
Middle East: Overt Military Interventions, 1948-1991.” Journal of Conflict
Resolution 39: 306-29.
Kirby, Andrew, and Michael D. Ward. 1987. “The Spatial Analysis of Peace and
War.” Comparative Political Studies 20: 293-313.
Klare, Michael T. 1993. “The New Challenges to Global Security.” Current
History (April 1993): 155-61.
Klingman, David. 1980. “Temporal and Spatial Diffusion in the Comparative
Analysis of Social Change.” American Political Science Review 74: 123-37.
Kohli, Atul, ed. 1986. The State and Development in the Third World. Princeton:
Princeton University Press.
Kuper, Leo. 1981. Genocide: Its Political Use in the Twenieth Century. New
Haven: Yale University Press.
Kusi, Newman Kwadwo. 1994. “Economic Growth and Defense Spending in
Developing Countries: A Causal Analysis.” Journal of Conflict Resolution
38: 152-59.
Lake, David A. 1992. “Powerful Pacifists: Democratic States and War.” American
Political Science Review 86: 24-37.
Langhammer, Rolf J. 1992. “The Developing Countries and Regionalism.”
Journal of Common Market Studies 30: 211-31.
Laurance, Edward J. 1992. The International Arms Trade. New York: Lexington
Books.
Layne, Christopher. 1994. “Kant or Cant: The Myth of Democratic Peace.”
International Security 19: 5-49.
Leng, Russell J. 1983. “When Will They Ever Learn? Coercive Bargaining in
Recurrent Crises.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 27: 379-419.
Leng, Russell J., and J. David Singer. 1988. “Militarized Interstate Crises: The
BCOW Typology and Its Applications.” International Studies Quarterly 32:
155-73.
Leng, Russell J., and Hugh G. Wheeler. 1979. “Influence Strategies, Success, and
War.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 23: 655-84.
Levy, Jack S. 1983. War in the Modern Great Power System, 1495-1975.
Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
———. 1985. “Theories of General War.” World Politics (April 1985): 344-74.
———. 1989. “The Diversionary Theory of War: A Critique.” In Handbook of
War Studies, edited by M. I. Midlarsky. Boston: Unwin Hyman.
Lian, Bradley, and John R. Oneal. 1993. “Presidents, the Use of Military Force,
and Public Opinion.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 37:277-300.
Lifton, Robert Jay, and Richard Falk. 1982. Indefensible Weapons: The Political
and Psychological Case Against Nuclearism. New York: Basic Books.
Bibliography
285
Lindén, Mikael. 1992. “Military Expenditure, Government Size and Economic
Growth in the Middle East in the Period 1973-85.” Journal of Peace
Research 29: 265-70.
Lindenberg, Marc. 1990. “World Economic Cycles and Central American Political
Instability.” World Politics (April 1990): 397-421.
Lipset, Seymour M. 1988. Revolution and Counter-Revolution: Change and
Persistence in Social Structures. Rev. ed. Garden City, NY: Doubleday
Anchor.
Loescher, Gil. 1992. Refugee Movements and International Security. Adelphi
Papers: 268. London: Brassey’s.
Looney, Robert E. 1988. Third-World Military Expenditures and Arms
Production. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
———. 1989. “Internal and External Factors in Effecting Third World Military
Expenditures.” Journal of Peace Research 26: 33-46.
———. 1994. The Economics of Third World Defense Expenditures. Greenwich,
CT: Jai Press.
Lopez, George A., and Michael Stohl, eds. 1986. Government Violence and
Repression: An Agenda for Research. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Lukes, Steven. 1974. Power: A Radical View. London: Macmillan.
Majeski, Stephen J., and Shane Fricks. 1995. “Conflict and Cooperation in
International Relations.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 39: 622-45.
Majeski, Stephen J., and David J. Sylvan. 1984. “Simple Choices and Complex
Calculations: A Critique of The War Trap.” Journal of Conflict Resolution
28: 316-40.
Mandel, Robert. 1980. “Roots of the Modern Interstate Border Dispute.” Journal
of Conflict Resolution 24: 427-54.
Manicus, P. 1989. War and Democracy. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Mansfield, Edward D. 1994. Power, Trade, and War. Princeton: Princeton
University Press.
Mansfield, Edward D., and Jack Snyder. 1995. “Democratization and the Danger
of War.” International Security 20: 5-38.
Maoz, Zeev. 1984. “A Behavioral Model of Dispute Escalation: The Major
Powers, 1816-1976.” International Interactions 10: 373-99.
———. 1989. “Joining the Club of Nations: Political Development and
International Conflict, 1816-1976.” International Studies Quarterly 33: 199231.
———. 1993. “Domestic Political Change and Strategic Response: The Impact
of Domestic Conflict on State Behavior, 1816-1986.” Paper presented at
symposium. International Dimensions of Ethnic Conflict, 18-19 December,
Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL.
Maoz, Zeev, and Nasrin Abdolali. 1989. “Regime Types and International
Conflict.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 33: 3-36.
286
Third World War
Maoz, Zeev, and Bruce Russett. 1992. “Alliance, Contiguity, Wealth, and Political
Stability: Is the Lack of Conflict Among Democracies a Statistical Artifact?”
International Interactions 17: 245-67.
Maoz, Z., and B. Russett. 1993. “Normative and Structural Causes of Democratic
Peace, 1946-1986.” American Political Science Review 87: 624-38.
Marber, Peter N. 1995. “Shiekhs and Souks: Capital Market Formation in the
Middle East.” Journal of International Affairs 49: 75-101.
Marshall, Monty G. 1990. Soviet Nationalities Policy: An Account of the Triumph
of Reason in the Soviet Union. Unpublished manuscript.
———. 1993. “States at Risk: Ethnopolitics in the Multinational States of Eastern
Europe.” In Minorities at Risk: A Global View of Ethnopolitical Conflicts, by
T. R. Gurr. Washington: United States Institute of Peace Press.
———. 1997a. “Societal Disintegration and ‘Arrested Development’: A Systemic
View.” In Federalism Against Ethnicity? Institutional, Legal and Democratic
Instruments to Prevent Minority Conflicts. Zurich: Verlag Ruegger for the
Swiss Academy of Historical and Social Sciences.
———. 1997b. “Systems at Risk: Violence, Diffusion, and Disintegration in the
Middle East.” In Wars Amidst Peace: The International Dimensions of Ethnic
Conflict, edited by David Carment and Patrick James. Pittsburgh: University
of Pittsburgh Press.
———. 1998. The Scientific Study of International Conflict Processes: Postcards
at the Edge of the Millennia. Monograph series. College Park, MD: Center
for Systemic Peace.
Marshall, Monty G., and Donna Ramsey. 1998. “Gender Empowerment and the
Willingness of States to Use Force.” Occasional papers. College Park, MD:
Center for Systemic Peace.
Mason, T. David. 1994. “Modernization and Its Discontents Revisited: The
Political Economy of Urban Unrest in the People’s Republic of China.” The
Journal of Politics 56: 400-24.
Mason, T. David, and Dale A. Krane. 1989. “The Political Economy of Death
Squads: Toward a Theory of the Impact of State-Sanctioned Terror.”
International Studies Quarterly 33: 175-98.
Mbaku, John Mukum. 1992. “Political Instability and Economic Development in
Sub-Saharan Africa: Further Evidence.” The Review of Black Political
Economy (Spring 1992): 39-53.
McCamant, John F. “Governance without Blood: Social Science’s Antiseptic View
of Rule; or, The Neglect of Political Repression.” In The State as Terrorist,
edited by Michael Stohl and George A. Lopez. Westport, CT: Greenwood
Press.
McCoubrey, Hilaire, and Nigel D. White. 1995. International Organizations and
Civil Wars. Aldershot, UK: Dartmouth.
McNamara, Robert S. 1993. “Slowing Third World Militarization.” Issues in
Science and Technology (Spring 1993): 35-40.
Bibliography
287
Mercer, Jonathan. 1995. “Anarchy and Identity.” International Organization 49:
229-52.
Meron, Theodor. 1995. “International Criminalization of Internal Atrocities.”
American Journal of International Law 89: 554-77.
Merritt, R. L., and D. A. Zinnes. 1991. “Democracies and War.” In Measuring
War, edited by A. Inkeles. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
Meyer, Niels I., K. Helvig Petersen, and Villy Sørensen. 1981. Revolt from the
Center. Translated by Christine Hauch. London: Marion Boyars.
Mickolus, Edward F. 1980. Transnational Terrorism: A Chronology of Events,
1968-1979. Westport: Greenwood Press.
Mickolus, Edward F., Todd Sandler, and Jean M. Murdock. 1989. International
Terrorism in the 1980s: A Chronology of Events. 2 volumes. Ames: Iowa
State University Press.
Midlarsky, Manus I. 1986a. “A Hierarchical Equilibrium Theory of Systemic
War.” International Studies Quarterly 30: 77-105.
———. 1986b. “The Balance of Power, Polarization, and the Onset of Systemic
War.” Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Studies
Association, 25-29 March, Anaheim, CA.
———. 1986c. The Disintegration of Political Systems: War and Revolution in
Comparative Perspective. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press.
———, ed. 1989. Handbook of War Studies. Boston: Allen & Unwin.
———. 1990. “Systemic Wars and Dyadic Wars: No Single Theory.”
International Interactions 16: 171-81.
Midlarsky, Manus I., and Kenneth Roberts. 1985. “Class, State, and Revolution
in Central America.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 29: 163-93.
Migdal, Joel S. 1988. Strong Societies and Weak States: State-Society Relations
and State Capabilities in the Third World. Princeton: Princeton University
Press.
Mintz, A., and N. Geva. 1993. “Why Don’t Democracies Fight Each Other? An
Experimental Assessment of the ‘Political Incentive’ Explanation.” Journal
of Conflict Resolution 37: 484-503.
Mittrany, D. 1966. A Working Peace System. Chicago: Quadrangle Books.
Moaddel, Mansoor. 1994. “Political Conflict in the World Economy: A CrossNational Analysis of Modernization and World-System Theories.” American
Sociological Review 59: 276-303.
Modelski, George. 1983. “Long Cycles of World Leadership.” In Contending
Approaches to World System Analysis, edited by William R. Thompson.
Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Modelski, George, and Patrick M. Morgan. 1985. “Understanding Global War.”
Journal of Conflict Resolution 29: 391-417.
Moore, Barrington, Jr. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and
Peasant in the Making of the Modern World. Boston: Beacon Press.
288
Third World War
Morgan, T. Clifton. 1993. “Democracy and War: Reflections on the Literature.”
International Interactions 18: 197-203.
Morgan, T. Clifton, and Sally Howard Campbell. 1991. “Domestic Structure,
Decisional Constraints, and War: So Why Kant Democracies Fight?” Journal
of Conflict Resolution 35: 187-211.
Morgan, T. Clifton, and Valerie L. Schwebach. 1992. “Take Two Democracies
and Call Me in the Morning: A Prescription for Peace?” International
Interactions 17: 305-20.
Morgenthau, Hans. 1948. Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and
Peace. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Most, Benjamin A., and Harvey Starr. 1980. “Diffusion, Reinforcement,
Geopolitics, and the Spread of War.” American Political Science Review 74:
932-46.
Most, Benjamin A., and Harvey Starr. 1982. “Case Selection, Conceptualizations
and Basic Logic in the Study of War.” American Journal of Political Science
26: 834-56.
Most, Benjamin A., and Harvey Starr. 1983. “Conceptualizing ‘War’:
Consequences for Theory and Research.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 27:
137-59.
Most, Benjamin A., and Harvey Starr. 1989. Inquiry, Logic and International
Politics. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press.
Most, Benjamin A., and Harvey Starr. 1990. “Theoretical and Logical Issues in
the Study of International Diffusion.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 2: 391412.
Most, Benjamin A., Harvey Starr, and Randolph M. Siverson. 1989. “The Logic
and Study of the Diffusion of International Conflict.” In Handbook of War
Studies, edited by M. Midlarsky. Boston: Allen & Unwin.
Muller, Edward N. 1979. Aggressive Political Participation. Princeton: Princeton
University Press.
Nelson, Julie A. 1993. “Value-Free or Valueless? Notes on the Pursuit of
Detachment in Economics.” History of Political Economy 25: 121-45.
Neumann, Iver B. 1992. “Identity and Security.” Journal of Peace Research 29:
221-26.
Neumann, Robert G. 1995. “Conventional Arms Exports and Stability in the
Middle East.” Journal of International Affairs 49: 183-203.
Nicholson, Michael. 1992. Rationality and the Analysis of International Conflict.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Nietschmann, Bernard. 1987. “The Third World War.” Cultural Survival
Quarterly 11(3): 1-16.
Niou, Emerson M. S., and Peter C. Ordeshook. 1994. “‘Less Filling, Tastes Great’
The Realist-Neoliberal Debate.” World Politics 46: 209-34.
Nolan, Janne E. 1991. The Trappings of Power: Ballistic Missiles in the Third
World. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.
Bibliography
289
Nowak, Leszek. 1991. Power and Civil Society: Toward a Dynamic Theory of
Real Socialism. Translated by Krzysztof Sawala. New York: Greenwood
Press.
Nye, Joseph S., Jr. 1971. Peace in Parts: Integration and Conflict in Regional
Organization. Lanham: University Press of America.
Ohlson, Thomas, ed. 1988. Arms Transfer Limitations and Third World Security.
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). London: Oxford
University Press.
Olson, Mancur, Jr. 1965. The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the
Theory of Groups. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Organski, A. F. K., and Jacek Kugler. 1980. The War Ledger. Chicago: University
of Chicago Press.
Ostrom, Elinor, Roy Gardner, and James Walker. 1994. Rules, Games, &
Common-Pool Resources. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
O’Sullivan, Patrick. 1986. Geopolitics. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Owen, J. M. 1994. “How Liberalism Produces Democratic Peace.” International
Security 19: 87-125.
Pareto, Vilfredo. 1966. Sociological Writings. Edited by S. E. Finer. London: Pall
Mall.
Parsons, Talcott. 1951. The Social System. New York: Free Press.
Pivetti, Massimo. 1992. “Military Spending as a Burden on Growth: An
‘Underconsumptionist’ Critique.” Cambridge Journal of Economics 16: 37384.
Polachek, Solomon William. 1980. “Conflict and Trade.” Journal of Conflict
Resolution 24: 55-78.
Pollins, Brian M. 1989. “Conflict, Cooperation, and Commerce: The Effect of
International Political Interactions on Bilateral Trade Flows.” American
Journal of Political Science 33: 737-61.
———. 1996. “Global Political Order, Economic Change, and Armed Conflict:
Coevolving Systems and the Use of Force.” American Political Science
Review 90: 103-17.
Popkin, Samuel. 1979. The Rational Peasant. Berkeley: University of California
Press.
Prezworski, Adam, and Henry Teune. 1982. The Logic of Comparative Social
Inquiry. Malabar, FL: R. E. Krieger.
Prigogine, Ilya, and Isabelle Stengers. 1984. Order Out of Chaos: Man’s New
Dialogue with Nature. New York: Bantam Books.
Pye, Lucian W. 1965. “The Concept of Political Development.” The Annals of the
American Academy of Political and Social Science 358: 1-13.
Rapoport, Anatol. 1989. The Origins of Violence: Approaches to the Study of
Conflict. New York: Paragon House.
Ray, James Lee. 1993. “Wars Between Democracies: Rare or Nonexistent?”
International Interactions 18: 251-76.
290
Third World War
———. 1995. Democracies and International Conflict. Columbia: University of
South Carolina Press.
Reardon, Betty. 1993. Women and War. London: Zed.
Regan, Patrick M. 1994. Organizing Societies for War: The Process and
Consequences of Societal Militarization. Westport, CT: Praeger.
———. 1996. “Conditions of Successful Third-Party Intervention in Intrastate
Conflicts.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 40: 336-59.
Reisman, W. Michael, and Chris T. Antoniou. eds. 1994. The Laws of War: A
Comprehensive Collection of Primary Documents on International Laws
Governing Armed Conflict. New York: Vintage Books.
Richardson, Lewis F. 1960. Statistics of Deadly Quarrels. Pittsburgh: The
Boxwood Press.
Rosh, Robert M. 1988. “Third World Militarization: Security Webs and the States
They Ensnare.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 32: 671-98.
Ross, Andrew L., ed. 1991. The Political Economy of Defense: Issues and
Perspectives. Westport: Greenwood Press.
Ross, Marc Howard, and Elizabeth Homer. 1976. “Galton’s Problem in CrossNational Research.” World Politics 29: 1-28.
Rostow, W. W. 1960. The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist
Manifesto. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rothgeb, John M., Jr. 1990. “Investment Dependence and Political Conflict in
Third World Countries.” Journal of Peace Research 27: 255-72.
Rothschild, Joseph. 1981. Ethnopolitics: A Conceptual Framework. New York:
Columbia.
Rothstein, Robert L. 1986. “The ‘Security Dilemma’ and the ‘Poverty Trap’ in the
Third World.” The Jerusalem Journal of International Relations 8: 1-38.
Ruggie, John Gerald. 1993. “Territoriality and Beyond: Problematizing Modernity
in International Relations.” International Organization 47: 137-74.
Rummel, Rudolph J. 1994. “Power, Genocide and Mass Murder.” Journal of
Peace Research 31: 1-10.
Russett, Bruce. 1993. Grasping the Democratic Peace: Principles for a Post-Cold
War World. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
———. 1995. “The Democratic Peace: ‘And Yet It Moves.’” International
Security 19: 164-75.
Russett, Bruce, and Thomas W. Graham. 1989. “Public Opinion and National
Security Policy: Relationships and Impacts.” In Handbook of War Studies,
edited by M. I. Midlarsky. Boston: Unwin Hyman.
Sartori, Giovanni. 1987. The Theory of Democracy Revisited. Chatham, NJ:
Chatham House.
Sayigh, Yezid. 1991. “The Gulf Crisis: Why the Arab Regional Order Failed.”
International Affairs 67: 487-507.
Schechtman, Joseph B. 1963. The Refugee in the World: Displacement and
Integration. New York: A.S. Barnes; London: Thomas Yoseloff.
Bibliography
291
Schelling, Thomas C. 1963. The Strategy of Conflict. London: Oxford University
Press.
Schneider, Gerald, and Lars-Erik Cederman. 1994. “The Change of Tide in
Political Cooperation: A Limited Information Model of European
Integration.” International Organization 48: 633-62.
Schott, Jeffrey J. 1991. “Trading Blocs and the World Trading System.” World
Economy 14: 1-17.
Schudson, Michael. 1994. “Culture and the Integration of National Societies.”
International Social Science Journal (Feb. 1994): 63-81.
Schulz, Donald E., and Douglas H. Graham, eds. 1984. Revolution and
Counterrevolution in Central America and the Caribbean. Boulder: Westview
Press.
Schumpeter, Joseph A. 1911. The Theory of Economic Development. Trans. by
Redvers Opie. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1951.
Schwartz, David C. 1971. “A Theory of Revolutionary Behavior.” In When Men
Revolt and Why, edited by J. C. Davies. New York: Free Press.
Schweller, Randall L. 1992. “Domestic Structure and Preventive War: Are
Democracies More Pacific?” World Politics 44: 235-69.
Scott, James C. 1976. The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and
Subsistence in Southeast Asia. New Haven: Yale University Press.
———. 1985. Weapons of the Weak. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Seiglie, Carlos. 1988. “International Conflict and Military Expenditures: An
Externality Approach.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 32: 141-61.
Shaikh, Anwar M., and E. Ahmet Tonak. 1994. Measuring the Wealth of Nations:
The Political Economy of National Accounts. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Sharp, Gene. 1973. Power and Struggle: The Politics of Nonviolent Action.
Boston: Extending Horizons Books.
Sherif, Muzafer. 1966a. “Theoretical Analysis of Individual-Group Relationship
in a Social Situation.” In Concepts, Theory, and Explanation in the
Behavioral Sciences, edited by G. J. DiRenzo. New York: Random House.
———. 1966b. In Common Predicament; Social Psychology of Intergroup
Conflict and Cooperation. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
———. 1967. Social Interaction: Process and Products. Chicago: Aldine.
Sherif, Muzafer, and Carolyn W. Sherif. 1953. Groups in Harmony and Tension;
An Integration of Studies on Intergroup Relations. New York: Harper &
Brothers.
Simmel, Georg. 1908a/1971. “The Problem of Sociology.” In On Individuality and
Social Forms; Selected Writings, edited by Donald N. Levine. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
———. 1908b/1971. “Conflict.” In On Individuality and Social Forms: Selected
Writings, edited by Donald N. Levine. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
292
Third World War
———. 1956. Conflict and the Web of Group Affiliations. Translated by Kurt H.
Wolff and Reinhard Bendix. New York: Free Press.
———. 1971. On Individuality and Social Forms: Selected Writings. Edited by
Donald N. Levine. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Simowitz, Roslyn. 1998. “Evaluating Conflict Research on the Diffusion of War.”
Journal of Peace Research 35: 211-30.
Singer, J. David. 1961. “The Level-of-Analysis Problem in International
Relations.” World Politics 14: 77-92.
———. 1968. “The Incompleat Theorist: Insight Without Evidence.” In
Contending Approaches to International Politics, edited by Klaus Knorr and
James N. Rosenau. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Singer, J. David, and Paul F. Diehl. 1990. Measuring the Correlates of War. Ann
Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Singer, Max, and Aaron Wildavsky. 1993. The Real World Order: Zones of
Peace/Zones of Turmoil. Rev. ed. Chatham, NJ: Chatham House.
Sivard, Ruth Leger. 1991. World Military and Social Expenditures 1991. 14th ed.
Washington, DC: World Priorities.
Siverson, Randolph M., and Harvey Starr. 1990. “Opportunity, Willingness, and
the Diffusion of War.” American Political Science Review 84: 47-67.
Siverson, Randolph M., and Harvey Starr. 1991. The Diffusion of War: A Study
of Opportunity and Willingness. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Skocpol, Theda. 1979. States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of
France, Russia, and China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Small, Melvin, and J. David Singer. 1976. “The War-Proneness of Democratic
Regimes, 1816-1965.” Jerusalem Journal of International Relations 1: 50-69.
Small, Melvin, and J. David Singer. 1982. Resort to Arms: International and Civil
Wars, 1816-1980. Beverly Hills: Sage.
Smith, Anthony D. 1992. “National Identity and the Idea of European Unity.”
International Affairs 68: 55-76.
Snidal, Duncan. 1991a. “Relative Gains and the Pattern of International
Cooperation.” American Political Science Review 85: 701-26.
———. 1991b. “International Cooperation among Relative Gains Maximizers.”
International Studies Quarterly 35: 387-402.
Snyder, David, and Charles Tilly. 1972. “Hardship and Collective Violence in
France, 1830 to 1960.” American Sociological Review 37: 520-32.
Spiro, David E. 1994. “The Insignificance of the Liberal Peace.” International
Security 19: 50-86.
Sprout, Harold, and Margaret Sprout. 1965. The Ecological Perspective on
Human Affairs. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Spykman, Nicholas J. 1925. The Social Thought of Georg Simmel. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
Srinivasan, T. N., John Whalley, and Ian Wooton. 1993. “Measuring the Effects
of Regionalism on Trade and Welfare.” In Regional Integration and the
Bibliography
293
Global Trading System, edited by K. Anderson and R. Blackhurst. New York:
St. Martin’s Press.
Starr, Harvey. 1991. “Democratic Dominoes: Diffusion Approaches to the Spread
of Democracy in the International System.” Journal of Conflict Resolution
35: 356-81.
———. 1992. “Democracy and War: Choice, Learning, and Security
Communities.” Journal of Peace Research 29: 207-13.
Starr, Harvey, and Benjamin A. Most. 1978. “A Return Journey: Richardson,
‘Frontiers’ and Wars in the 1946-1965 Era.” Journal of Conflict Resolution
22: 441-67.
Starr, Harvey, and Benjamin A. Most. 1985. “The Forms and Processes of War
Diffusion.” Comparative Political Studies 18: 206-27.
Starr, Harvey, and Randolph M. Siverson. 1998. “Cumulation, Evaluation and the
Research Process: Investigating the Diffusion of Conflict.” Journal of Peace
Research 35: 231-37.
Stein, Arthur A., and Bruce M. Russett. 1980. “Evaluating War: Outcomes and
Consequences.” In Handbook of Political Conflict, edited by T. R. Gurr. New
York: Free Press.
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). 1968-1993. World
Armaments and Disarmament: SIPRI Yearbook. Annual series. Stockholm:
SIPRI.
Stohl, Michael. 1980. “The Nexus of Civil and International Conflict.” In
Handbook of Political Conflict, edited by T. R. Gurr. New York: Free Press.
Stohl, Michael, and George A. Lopez, eds. 1984. The State as Terrorist. Westport:
Greenwood Press.
Streeten, Paul. 1991. “Global Prospects in an Interdependent World.” World
Development 19: 123-33.
Sullivan, Michael P. 1990. Power in Contemporary International Politics.
Columbia: University of South Carolina Press.
Summers, Robert, Alan Heston, Bettina Aten, and Daniel Nuxoll. 1995. Penn
World Table (Mark 5.6). Computer File. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau
of Economic Research.
Sylvan, David, and Barry Glassner. 1985. Rationalist Methodology for the Social
Sciences. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Sylvester, Christine. 1994. Feminist Theory and International Relations in the
Postmodern Era. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Tarascio, Vincent J. 1991. “Pareto on Conflict Resolution and National Security.”
In Economics and National Security, edited by Craufurd D. Goodwin.
Durham: Duke University Press.
Taylor, Charles Lewis, and David A. Jodice. 1984. World Handbook of Political
and Social Indicators III: 1948-1982. Computer file. Ann Arbor: InterUniversity Consortium of Political and Social Research.
294
Third World War
Taylor, Stan. 1984. Social Science and Revolutions. New York: St. Martin’s
Press.
Thomas, Caroline. 1987. In Search of Security: The Third World in International
Relations. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.
Thomas, Caroline, and Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu, eds. 1989. The State and
Instability in the South. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Thompson, William R. 1985. “Polarity, the Long Cycle, and Global Power
Warfare.” Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political
Science Association, 29 August-1 September, New Orleans, LA.
Thompson, William R., and Karen Rasler. 1986. “The Periodicity of Global Wars:
An Empirical Assessment and Validation.” Paper presented at the Annual
Meeting of the International Studies Association, 25-29 March, Anaheim,
CA.
Tickner, J. Ann. 1992. Gender in International Relations: Feminist Perspectives
on Achieving Global Security. New York: Columbia University Press.
Tillema, Herbert K. 1989. “Foreign Overt Military Intervention in the Nuclear
Age.” Journal of Peace Research 26: 179-95.
———. 1991. International Armed Conflict Since 1945: A Bibliographic
Handbook of Wars and Military Interventions. Boulder: Westview Press.
Tilly, Charles. 1978. From Mobilization to Revolution. Reading: Addison-Wesley.
———. 1985. Models and Realities of Popular Collective Action. Center for
Studies of Social Change, Working Paper Series. New York: New School for
Social Research.
Todaro, Michael P. 1985. Economic Development in the Third World. 3rd ed.
New York: Longman.
Tomlinson, Rodney G. 1991. “Monitoring WEIS Events Data in Three
Dimensions.” Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the International
Studies Association, 20-23 March, Vancouver, Canada.
Turk, Austin T. 1971. Criminality and Legal Order. Chicago: Rand McNally and
Co.
United Nations. Department of International Economic and Social Affairs,
Statistical Office. 1992. 1990 Demographic Yearbook. New York: United
Nations.
United Nations. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). 1991. FAO Yearbook:
Production 1990, Vol. 44. Rome: United Nations, FAO.
United States Committee for Refugees (USCR). 1964-1991. World Refugee
Survey. Annual series. Washington, DC: USCR.
Vasquez, John A. 1987. “The Steps to War: Toward a Scientific Explanation of
Correlates of War Findings.” World Politics 40: 108-45.
———. 1993. The War Puzzle. Cambridge Studies in International Relations: 27.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Vasquez, John A., and Marie T. Henehan. 1992. The Scientific Study of Peace
and War: A Text Reader. New York: Lexington Books.
Bibliography
295
Vasquez, John, and Richard Mansbach. 1984. “The Role of Issues in Global
Cooperation and Conflict.” British Journal of Political Science 14: 411-33.
Väyrynen, Raimo. 1984. “Regional Conflict Formations: An Intractable Problem
for International Relations.” Journal of Peace Research 21: 337-58.
Volkan, Vamik D., Demetrios A. Julius, and Joseph V. Montville, eds. 1990. The
Psychodynamics of International Relationships; Volume I: Concepts and
Theories. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
Volkan, Vamik D., Joseph V. Montville, and Demetrios A. Julius, eds. 1991. The
Psychodynamics of International Relationships; Volume II: Unofficial
Diplomacy at Work. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
Walker, R. B. J., and Saul H. Mendlovitz, eds. 1990. Contending Sovereignties:
Redefining Political Community. Boulder and London: Lynne Rienner.
Wallerstein, Immanuel. 1974. The Modern World-System I: Capitalist Agriculture
and the Origins of the European World-Economy in the Sixteenth Century.
New York: Academic Press.
Waltz, Kenneth N. 1959. Man, the State, and War: A Theoretical Analysis. New
York: Columbia University Press.
———. 1979. Theory of International Relations. New York: Random House.
Walzer, Michael. 1983. Spheres of Justice. New York: Basic Books.
Ward, Michael D., and Lewis L. House. 1988. “A Theory of the Behavioral Power
of Nations.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 32: 3-36.
Ward, Michael D., John O’Loughlin, Jordin S. Cohen, Kristian S. Gleditsch,
David S. Brown, David A. Reilly, Corey L. Lofdahl, and Michael E. Shin.
Forthcoming. “The Diffusion of Democracy, 1946-1994.” Annals of the
Association of American Geographers.
Wartenberg, Thomas E. 1990. The Forms of Power: From Domination to
Transformation. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Wæver, Ole. 1995. “Identity, Integration and Security: Solving the Sovereignty
Puzzle in E.U. Studies.” Journal of International Affairs 48: 389-431.
Weart, S. R. 1994. “Peace Among Democratic and Oligarchic Republics.”
Journal of Peace Research 31: 299-316.
Weede, Erich. 1984. “Democracy and War Involvement.” Journal of Conflict
Resolution 28: 649-64.
———. 1992. “Some Simple Calculations on Democracy and War Involvement.”
Journal of Conflict Resolution 36: 649-64.
———. 1993. “The Impact of Interstate Conflict on Revolutionary Change and
Individual Freedom.” KYKLOS 46: 473-95.
Wehr, Paul. 1987. “Commensurate Security: An Alternative Defense Paradigm.”
Unpublished Manuscript.
Wellhofer, E. Spencer. 1989. “The Comparative Method and the Study of
Development, Diffusion, and Social Change.” Comparative Political Studies
22: 315-42.
296
Third World War
Wendt, Alexander E. 1987. “The Agent-Structure Problem in International
Relations Theory.” International Organization 41: 335-70.
———. 1992. “Anarchy is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of
Power Politics.” International Organization 46: 391-425.
———. 1994. “Collective Identity Formation and the International State.”
American Political Science Review 88: 384-96.
Wendt, Alexander, and Michael Barnett. 1993. “Dependent State Formation and
Third World Militarization.” Review of International Studies 19: 321-47.
Weston, Burns H., ed. 1984. Toward Nuclear Disarmament and Global Security:
A Search for Alternatives. Boulder: Westview Press.
White, Harrison C. 1992. Identity and Control: A Structural Theory of Social
Action. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Wilbur, Charles K., ed. 1988. The Political Economy of Development and
Underdevelopment. 4th Ed. New York: Random House.
Wilkenfeld, Jonathan, Michael Brecher, and Sheila Moser. 1988. Crises in the
Twentieth Century, Volume II - Handbook of Foreign Policy Crises. Oxford:
Permagon Press.
Wolf, Eric. 1969. Peasant Wars of the Twentieth Century. New York: Harper &
Row.
Wolff, Kurt H. 1950. The Sociology of Georg Simmel. New York: Free Press.
Wonnacott, Thomas H., and Ronald J. Wonnacott. 1984. Introductory Statistics
for Business and Economics. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
World Events Interaction Survey (WEIS). 1993. World Events Interaction Survey.
Computer file. Rodney G. Tomlinson, principal investigator. Annapolis: U.S.
Naval Academy.
Wright, Quincy. 1942/1965. A Study of War. Rev. ed. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press.
Zimmermann, Ekkart. 1980. “Macro-Comparative Research on Political Protest.”
In Handbook of Political Conflict, edited by T. R. Gurr. New York: Free
Press.
———. 1983. Political Violence, Crises, and Revolutions: Theories and
Research. Boston: G. K. Hall.
Zinnes, Dina A. 1980. “Why War? Evidence on the Outbreak of International
Conflict.” In Handbook of Political Conflict, edited by T. R. Gurr. New York:
Free Press.
Zinnes, Dina A., ed. 1983. Conflict Processes and the Breakdown of International
Systems. Merriam Seminar Series on Research Frontiers. Denver: Graduate
School of International Studies, University of Denver.
Zinnes, Dina A., and Robert G. Muncaster. 1984. “The Dynamics of Hostile
Activity and the Prediction of War.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 28:187229.