Teaching Unit: THE VERTEBRATES
Leonor María Cosano Jurado
T. 6. THE VERTEBRATES
1.- Relate the following concepts to their definition. Later, relate each concept to one of the pictures
you are going to see.
1.- FIN
2.- GILLS
3.- OPERCULUM
4.- LATERAL LINE
5.- LIMBS
6.- TAIL
7.- HIBERNATE
8.- ECTOTHERM
9.- SCALES
10.- SHELL
11.- VENOMOUS
12.- POISONOUS TEETH
13.- CAPARACE
14.- DIVE
15.- WINGS
16.- HOLLOW BONES
17.- BEAK
18.- FEATHERS
19.- ATROPHIED
20.- FLYING MUSCLES
21.- FEED
22.- TAKE CARE OF BABIES
23.- GLANDS
24.- VIVIPAROUS
25.- PLACENTA
a.- mammals with their babies
b.- to eat
c.- not oviparous
d.- degenerated
e.- organs to fly
f.- submerge under water
g.- organ formed during pregnancy
h.- layer that protects an egg
I.- they are covering the body of the fishes
j.- covers gills in bony fishes
k.- organ that secretes substances
l.- muscles to fly
ll.- they form the plumage of birds
m.- organ to protect
n.- when temperature of the body changes
ñ.- respiratory organ in aquatic animals
o.- stop activity in winter
p.- locomotion organs in fishes
q.- birds use it to eat
r.- bones that are empty
s.- arms or legs
t.- last vertebrates
u.- teeth that are poisonous
v.- produces toxicity
w.- sensorial organ of fishes
2.- Relate each picture to a name and classify them into a group of VERTEBRATES:
ANURA
CARINATAE
TURTLES
MONOTREMES
RATITES
BONY FISH
MARSUPIALS
LIZARDS
URODELA
SNAKES
PLACENTAL MAMMALS
CARTILAGINOUS FISH
CROCODILES
FISH
AMPHIBIANS
REPTILES
BIRDS
MAMMALS
Teaching Unit: THE VERTEBRATES
Leonor María Cosano Jurado
3.- NAMES GAME: Classification Game of the VERTEBRATES: Each student will have a piece of
paper with:
- a name of a living thing in English
- a name of a living thing in Spanish
- a picture of a living thing
- a taxonomic group that classifies living things
The students will have some seconds to join each name with its picture and the taxonomic group
that living thing belongs to. Later, the students will have to exchange their pieces of paper and start
again. The group who finishes before the rest each time will have the positive point!!!.
These are the names:
LIVING THINGS
GROUP
ALLIGATOR
CHAMALEON
EQUIDNA
EAGLE
BONY FISH
TURLES
GROUP
FISH
Teaching Unit: THE VERTEBRATES
Leonor María Cosano Jurado
GIRAFFE
HAKE
IGUANA
KOALA
LIZARDS
MANTA RAY
KANGAROO
NEWT
OSTRICH
FROG
PLATYPUS
TURTLES
RAYS
SALAMANDER
SARDINE
SHARK
SNAKES
TOAD
LYNX
TROUT
CROCODILE
MARSUPIALS
CARTILAGINOUS FISH
AMPHIBIANS
ANURA
SNAKES
REPTILES
CARINATAE
MONOTREMES
URODELA
BIRDS
LIZARDS
PLACENTAL MAMMALS
CROCODILES
MAMMALS
RATITES
4.- After doing the previous exercise try to classify the following pictures into the previous groups.
5.- True or False:
1.- The bony fish have a cartilaginous skeleton.
2.- The cartilaginous fish have a bony skeleton.
3.- Rays and sharks are cartilaginous fish.
4.- Sardine and salmons are bony fish.
5.- Fish are ectotherms.
6.- All the fish have an operculum.
7.- Frogs ans toads are urodela.
8.- The anura can jump and swim.
9.- The amphibians are ectotherms and can hibernate during cold seasons.
10.- Amphibians and fish are terrestrial.
11.- Reptiles have eggs with no shell.
12.- Fish and amphibians lay eggs with no shell.
13.- Reptiles have metamorphosis
14.- Turtles and lizards are amphibians
15.- Crocodiles are the biggest living reptiles.
16.- Snakes have legs.
17.- Lizards have a carapace.
18.- Snakes can have a venomous bite.
19.- Reptiles are ectotherms with scales and egss with impermeable shell.
20.- Birds breathe through lungs, are ectotherms and can fly.
21.- Birds have feathers, beak and wings.
22.- All birds can fly.
23.- Penguins are ratite birds because they can not fly
24.- Birds have external fertilization.
25.- Carinatae birds have flying muscles.
Teaching Unit: THE VERTEBRATES
Leonor María Cosano Jurado
26.- Mammals can swim, fly, climb and run.
27.- Monotremes give birth to undeveloped babies.
28.- Placental mammals give birth to developed babies.
29.- Marsupials are the most primitive mammals.
30.- Platypus and equidna are monotremes.
31.- kangaroo and koala are marsupials.
32.- Dogs and horses are placental mammals.
6.- Match the words of the two columns that relate some groups to their characteristics:
BONY FISH
URODELA
REPTILES
LIZARDS
FISH
AMPHIBIANS
BIRDS
MONOTREMES
RATITES
PLACENTAL MAMMALS
ANURA
CARTILAGINOUS FISH
TURTLES
CROCODILES
CARINATAE
MARSUPIALS
SNAKES
MAMMALS
1.- They have an operculum
2.- They can jump and swim
3.- They breathe through gills
4.- They usually have 4 limbs and are ectotherms
5.- They are amphibians with tail
6.- They have wings and a beak
7.- They are falcons and penguins
8.- They can have different shapes but have a tail
9.- They have fins
10.- They are amphibians with no tail
11.- They are salamanders and newts
12.- They have no flying muscles
13.- They are ostriches
14.- They can have metamorphosis
15.- They do not have an operculum
16.- They are elongated and legless
17.- They are frogs and toads
18.- They are lizards and crocodiles
19.- They are mammals and oviparous
20.- Mammals with undeveloped babies
21.- They have a carapace
22.- They are chameleons and iguanas
23.- Their skin is covered by scales
24.- They are the biggest reptiles
25.- They lay eggs with no shell
26.- 4 legs, viviparous and endothermic
27.- They have a placenta
7.- Classify the following pictures into the Vertebrates Groups:
8.- What is the difference between:
-
A bony fish and a cartilaginous fish
An anura and a urodela
A turtle and a lizard
A lizard and a snake
A lizard and a crocodile
A carinatae and a ratite
A monotreme and a marsupial
Teaching Unit: THE VERTEBRATES
Leonor María Cosano Jurado
-
A placental mammal and a marsupial
9.- Watch the following video about Vertebrates and Invertebrates and classify the following names
into the different groups of animals :
KOMODO DRAGON
POISON DART FROG
BALD EAGLE
IGUANA
LION
BLUE SPOTTED SALAMANDER
LION FISH
ALLIGATOR
BLUE JAY
RED SPOTTED NEWT
SNOWY OWL
PARROT FISH
AFRICAN WILD DOG
SWORD FISH
SNOW LEOPARD
BOX JELLYFISH
GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL
EARTH WORM
VASE SPONGE
TAPE WORM
SALLY LIGHT FOOT CRAB
PURPLE SEA URCHIN
BLACK WIDOW
PIN WORM
WAR JELLYFISH
TUBE SPONGE
VAMPIRE SQUID
SUN SEA STAR
FISH
BIRDS
REPTILES
AMPHIBIANS
MAMMALS
SPONGES
CNIDARIA
WORMS
ECHINODERMS
MOLLUSCS
ARTHROPODS
10.- Complete the following text with the listening of the Vertebrates Video and the
words below. Try to do it first without listening the video.
What are vertebrates?
Vertebrates are _________ with an internal _________ made of bone. Vertebrates are
the most advanced _________ on ______. The traits that make all the animals in this
section ________l are their _______ cords, vertebrate, and notochords.
SPECIAL - SKELETON - ANIMALS – ORGANISMS – EARTH – SPINAL
Teaching Unit: THE VERTEBRATES
Leonor María Cosano Jurado
Where do vertebrates live?
Each ______ thing lives in a habitat. A _______ provides the _____, ____________ and
living space that each _________ needs. There are ______ kinds of habitat. For
________, a ______ may live in part of a sunken ship or a TOUCAN may have a nest in
a tree.
FISH - MANY – TREE - TEMPERATURE – EXAMPLE - FOOD – ANIMAL LIVING – HABITAT - TOUCAN
What do vertebrates eat?
Vertebrates have ______ needs. They need _____, _______ and ______. They can
survive ______ in environments in which their needs can be met. All vertebrates depend
on _______. Some vertebrates _____ only plants for food, while other vertebrates eat
only ________. However, _______ vertebrates eat both plants and animals. The three
categories are carnivores, ___________ and omnivores.
SOME - EAT - ONLY – HERBIVORES - WATER – PLANTS- AIR – ANIMALS BASIC – FOOD
Why are vertebrates important to the environment?
Every vertebrate belongs to a ___________. They can be ________ of several different
group chains, which make a big _____ ______. Changes in a community or in an
____________ cause ________ in the group chains and through the webs too. You are a
member of your community, the way you live your _____ makes a big difference to
______ other living things.
MANY - CHANGES – LIVE - FULL WEB – ENVIRONMENT - COMMUNITY –
MEMBERS
What are the five main vertebrate groups?
First of all, there are the fish. Fish live in _______ and are the simplest vertebrate group.
The _____ groups of fish are the jawless fish, the _____________ fish and the bony
fish. Fish are cold-blooded, have _______, gills and a heart with two chambers. Most
fish have ______.
The second group are ___________. Amphibians live _____ of their life in water and
part on ______. They are cold blooded, have moist skin, no scales and most young
Teaching Unit: THE VERTEBRATES
Leonor María Cosano Jurado
breath with ______ and live in the water. They _______ into adults _________, which
is known as _________________, and breath with lungs.
GRADUALLY - LAND - AMPHIBIANS – CHANGE - PART CARTILAGINOUS – SCALES - THREE - WATER – FINS – GILLS METAMORPHOSIS
The third group are reptiles. Reptiles live mainly on land and they are more ________
than fish or amphibians. Reptiles are cold blooded, have a dry scaled skin, most have
two _______ of legs with five toes on each leg, excluding ________.
The fourth group are ______. Birds are vertebrates with feathers and _______, and they
are _______ __________. Birds have wings, build ______ in which to lay hard-shelled
eggs and they care for their young until they can find food and survive on their own.
Finally, the ______ group of vertebrates are mammals. Mammals are the most complex
________ of vertebrates. They have body coverings of _____ or fur, are warm blooded,
have more complex _______ than other vertebrates and more complex body systems.
GROUP - WINGS - PAIRS – BRAINS - LAST - COMPLEX - NESTS - WARM
BLOODED - SNAKES – BIRDS – HAIR
What are other types of vertebrates?
Marsupials, primates, rodents, cetaceans and seals.