PRETEST VARIATION
1. Arthropods are divided into four classes. Fill in the table below:
SPIDERS
INSECTS
CRUSTACEANS
MYRIAPODS
BODY PARTS
LEGS
2. Your textbook discerns five kingdoms. The Protoctista kingdom contains
the protozoa and the algae.
a. Give two reasons why the protozoa can be reckoned to the animal
kingdom.
b. Give three characteristics of the plant kingdom.
3. a. How do bacteria reproduce?
b. What is special about yeast?
c. How do we make use of yeast?
4. We divide the animal kingdom into ten groups or phyla. Two
characteristics are skeleton and number of symmetry axes.
a. Name two phyla with no symmetry axes.
b. Which phylum has a hard outer skeleton?
c. Describe the characteristics of the sponges.
5. Compare the snail with the jellyfish. Give three clear differences between
them.
6. The kingdom of the plants is divided into algae, seedless plants and seed
producing plants. The last group includes conifers and flowering plants.
a. Give two examples of seedless plants.
b. Give three characteristics of conifers.
7. Vertebrates are divided into five classes.
a. Write down the four classes that reproduce with eggs.
b. Write down the differences in eggs between these classes.
c. Explain what’s so special about the way of breathing of the amphibians.
8. Arthropods have segmented bodies.
a. Write down the four arthropod classes and give an example of each.
b. Name another phylum with segmented bodies.
c. Arthropods have a hard outer skeleton, which causes problems when
they want to grow. Explain how they solve this problem.
9. All living organisms are divided into kingdoms, the kingdoms into phyla,
from phylum we go down to class, order, family, genus and species.
a. Horse and Donkey belong to the same genus, but don’t belong to the
same species. In what way is that visible in their species name?
b. Horse and Donkey do mate (the Mule is the product of it). Why is it that
we state that they don’t belong to the same species?
PRETEST THEME 4:
Variation answers
1.
BODY PARTS
LEGS
SPIDERS
INSECTS
CRUSTACEANS
MYRIAPODS
TWO
THREE
TWO
MANY
EIGHT
SIX
TEN (+ ..)
MANY
2. a. No cell wall and can move (and no chloroplasts)
b. Chloroplasts, cell wall of cellulose, nucleus
3. a. By dividing themselves
b. Unicellular (while all the other fungi are multicellular). Reproduction: a
kind of bud grows out of the yeast cell and separates itself.
c. Production of wine and beer, rising of dough (carbondioxide) for bread
4. a. Protozoa and sponges (some molluscs)
b. Arthropods
c. Their body is a system of pores and water channels, held up by a kind
of soft fibre skeleton. Special cells with flagella propel water with food
particles through the system.
5. Snail: outer shell, no symmetry axes, no nettle cells. Jellyfish: no
skeleton, many symmetry axes, nettle cells to kill their prey, body like a
bag (hollow).
6. a. Horse tail, fern, moss.
b. Seeds in cones, leaves like needles, no true flowers
7. a/b. Fish + amphibians: soft eggs laid in water, reptiles: leather eggs laid
on land, birds: eggs with a chalk shell laid on land.
c. Always breathe through the skin, the young also use gills, adults use
lungs
8. a. insects: bee, grasshopper, fly / arachnids: spider, scorpion /
crustaceans: crab, lobster / myriapods: centipede, millipede
b. segmented worms
c. They moult: shed their hard shells, “pump up” and the new shell
hardens.
9. a. First name (genus name) is the same.
b. They don’t produce fertile young