CHAPTER 8
Wireless, Mobile Computing and Mobile
Commerce
CHAPTER OUTLINE
8.1 Wireless Technologies
8.2 Wireless Computer Networks and Internet
Access
8.3 Mobile Computing and Mobile Commerce
8.4 Pervasive Computing
8.5 Wireless Security
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Describe the four main types of wireless
transmission media, and identify at least one
advantage and one disadvantage of each type.
2. Discuss the basic purposes of short-range,
medium-range, and long-range networks, and
explain how businesses can use at least one
technology employed by each type of network.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES (continued)
3. Discuss the five major m-commerce
applications, and provide a specific example of
how each application can benefit a business.
4. Define pervasive computing, describe two
technologies that underlie this technology, and
provide at least one example of how a business
can utilize each one.
5. Identify the four major threats to wireless
networks, and explain, with examples, how
each one can damage a business.
Chapter Opening Case: The Battle
for the Mobile Wallet
Credit card companies
Versus
Google, PayPal, others
Versus
Verizon, AT&T, T-Mobile
VISA Mobile Wallet
Source: Slavoljub Pantelic/ Shutterstock
8.1 Wireless Technologies – Size Matters
How fast is wireless traffic growing?
© ecco/Shutterstock
© Oleksiy Makymenko/Alamy
© Såndor Kelemen/iStockphoto
© PhotoEdit/Alamy
Capabilities of Wireless Devices
Cellular telephony
Bluetooth
Wi-Fi
Digital camera
Global positioning system
Organizer
Scheduler
Address book
Calculator
E-mail access
Short message service
Instant messaging
Text messaging
MP2 music player
Video player
Internet access
QWERTY keyboard
History of the Cell Phone
Check out the history of the cell
phone in images
Wireless Transmission Media
Microwave Transmission
Satellite transmission
Geostationary Orbit (GEO)
Middle Earth Orbit (MEO)
Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
Global Positioning System (GPS)
Internet Over Satellite (IOS)
Source: © Pearl Bucknall/
Age Fotostock America, Inc.)
Satellite Footprint Comparison
TV
GPS
mobile phones
Source: Drawn by Kelly Rainer
How the Global Positioning System Works
© Toh Kheng Ho/Age Fotostock America, Inc.
GPS Systems
In-dash GPS system
Smart phone and
GPS system
Other GPS
Russian GLONASS
European Union GPS
© Toh Kheng Ho/Age Fotostock America, Inc.
China Beidou GPS
Wireless Transmission Media (continued)
Radio
Satellite Radio
© lim cheng en/Age Fotostock America, Inc.
Infrared
A test to see if
your TV remote
control is working
You can use the digital camera on your cell
phone to see if your TV remote control is
working. Digital cameras are sensitive to
infrared light, so if you point your TV
remote control at your cell phone, its digital
camera will pick up the infrared beam
if the remote is working.
© Sergej Razvodovskij/Age Fotostock America, Inc.
8.2 Wireless Computer Networks and
Internet Access
Short range wireless networks
Medium range wireless networks
Wide area wireless networks
Short Range Wireless Networks
100 feet or less
Bluetooth – text says a 30 foot (10 meter)
distance but typically limited to 6 feet,
700Kbps
Ultra-wideband – 100Mbps, good for
streaming video
Near-field Communications – a few
centimeters, speed depends on device
Ultra-Wideband (UWB)
Ultra-wideband has many uses as you can
see at the TimeDomain Web site.
This article discusses the use of UWB in
fire-fighting.
Near-Field Communications in action
enabling technology behind (a) contactless payments with credit cards and
(b) the substitution of a cell phone for a credit card
Frederic Lucano/Stone/Getty Images, Inc.
Medium Range Wireless Networks
Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi)
Wireless access point
Hotspot
Wireless network interface card
Source: Lane Oatey/Getty Images,
Inc.
Wi-Fi Hotspot - typically 100 feet or 30 meters
but WiFi Direct can go to 800 feet
MiFi is a small,
portable, wireless
device that provides
users with a permanent
Wi-Fi hotspot
wherever they go.
Oh NO!, What’s
happening with Java?
© STOCKBROKERXTRA/Age Fotostock America, Inc.
Wireless Mesh Networks
Use multiple Wi-Fi access points to create a wide-area network
that can be very large.
Mesh networks are essentially a series of interconnected local area
networks.
Wide-Area Wireless Networks
Cellular Radio
1st Generation (analog signals)
2nd Generation (digital, up to 10Kbps)
2.5 Generation (digital, up to 144Kbps)
3rd Generation (stationary – 2Mbps, but in a
moving car – 128Kbps)
4th Generation (stationary – 1Gbps, in a moving
car – 100Mbps)
Wireless Broadband or WiMax (31 miles,
75Mbps)
Cellular Radio Network
The thing to
note is that to
get to a “land
line” you must
use a
telephone
company
switch.
8.3 Mobile Computing and Mobile
Commerce
Mobile computing - real-time, wireless connection
between a mobile device and other computing environments, such
as the Internet and an intranet
Mobility
Broad reach
© Såndor Kelemen/iStockphoto
Mobile Computing
Five value-added attributes of mobile
computing:
Ubiquity (but mainly in well developed nations)
Convenience
Instant connectivity
Personalization
Localization of products and services based
upon knowing the location of the user
Mobile Commerce
The development of m-commerce is driven
by the following factors:
Widespread availability of mobile devices
No need for a PC (current intelligent phones have the
computer power of laptops 3 years ago)
The “Cell phone culture”
Declining prices (Moore’s Law)
Bandwidth improvement (Moore’s Law)
Location-Based Applications
Shopping from Wireless Devices
Location-based Advertising
Location-based Services
Shopping from Wireless Devices
There were more than 5 billion cell phones world-wide in 2011.
Each is a possible point of online selling/buying.
Source: Don Farrall/Photodisc/Getty Images, Inc.
Using Google Earth for Location-Based
Services
Understand how pervasive Google Earth is for the world.
© Adam Radosavljevic/Age Fotostock America, Inc.
Mobile Commerce Applications
Financial Services
Wireless Electronic
Payment System
Mobile Banking
Frederic Lucano/Stone/Getty Images, Inc.
Financial Services (continued)
Wireless Bill Payments
Mobile Wallet
Micropayments
Source: Mike Clarke/AFP/GettyImages/NewsCom
Intrabusiness Applications
Accessing Information
Mobile Portal
Voice Portal
© Sergey/Age Fotostock America, Inc.
Telemetry
Examples of Telemetry Applications
Medicine
Automobiles
Find My iPhone
Telemedicine
Telemedicine predicted in 1924
Automotive Telemetry
Source: Media Bakery
8.4 Pervasive Computing
Radio frequency identification (RFID)
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs)
Anatomy of a Bar Code
First digit identifies product type, digits 2 through 6 identify manufacturer,
digits 7 though 11 identify the product, digit 12 is a “check digit”
Source: Media Bakery
QR Codes - example, QR Stuff
© Patrick Duinkerke/iStockphoto
Various RFID Tags
© raphotography/iStockphoto
Small RFID Reader and Tag
See video
© Ecken, Dominique/ Keystone Pressedienst/Zuma Press
Coming soon to a supermarket near you
8.5 Wireless Security
Four major threats
Rogue access point
War driving
Eavesdropping
RF (Radio frequency) jamming
© Sebastian/AgeFotostock America, Inc.