BIOLOGY: Study Guide
PART #1
1.
Define:
 organelle
 cell
 membrane-bound organelle
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solution
solute/solvent
semi-permeable
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chromatin/chromosomes
spindle fibers
”
2.
Organelle Function:
 Identify organelles given a picture.
 Know the function of the following organelles AND what kind of cell they can be found in:
- nucleus
- rough endoplasmic reticulum
- cell membrane
- nucleolus
- smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- cell wall
- nuclear membrane
- ribosomes
- centriole/centrosome
- golgi apparatus
- vacuole
- chloroplast
- cytoskeleton
- lysosome
3.
Know the differences between plant and animal cells.
 What are some organelles that plant cells have that animal cells do not?
 What are some organelles that animal cells have that plant cell do not?
 Make a Venn Diagram that shows the similarities and differences between plant and animal cells.
4.
Know the 3 assumptions of the cell theory.
5.
Prokaryote and Eukaryote
 Understand the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
 Given a picture, identify the cell as prokaryote or eukaryote.
6.
Graphing and Interpreting Data
 Given scientific data, can you construct an accurate line graph?
 Using the graph, answer questions about that graph (interpret the data).
 Know the different between quantitative and qualitative data.
7.
Scientific Method
 Given a scenario, identify the independent and dependent variables.
 Given a scenario, identify the experimental group and the control group.
 Given a scenario, set up your own control group.
POSSIBLE ESSAY QUESTIONS
 What are 3 assumptions to the cell theory and why is it important?
 What are 4 differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
 Explain the similarities and differences between plant cells and animal cells.
The pages that follow are sample questions of topics that will be addressed on
the test. Test questions will not be limited to the sample questions. Use
questions on the Green Card Quizzes & test questions identified during class to
supplement this study guide.
SAMPLE QUESTIONS!
DIRECTIONS: Identify the organelles by name in the picture below. Place the number of the organelle’s function next to the name.
ORGANELLE:
 cell wall
 cell membrane
 vacuole
 ribosomes
 golgi apparatus
 mitochondrion
 nucleolus
 nuclear membrane
 nucleus
 rough endoplasmic reticulum
 smooth endoplasmic reticulum
 chloroplast
FUNCTION:
1. makes materials for use inside the cell (i.e. lipids, Ca2+, detox)
2. used for storage of water and other materials
3. converts chemical energy in food into usable energy (ATP) through Cellular
Respiration
4. modifies, sorts, packages and ships (secretes) proteins
5. pieces of RNA & protein that help make proteins
6. makes ribosomes
____________________
contains all the cell’s DNA (i.e. chromatin & chromosomes)
provides support & protection
makes materials for use outside the cell (i.e. hormones)
captures energy from the sun & converts it into chemical energy (ATP) through
Photosynthesis
11. surrounds the nucleus and allows materials in & out
12. made of phospholipid bilayer & proteins that allows materials in and out of the cell
7.
8.
9.
10.
____________________
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(fibers in the cytoplasm)
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13. Is the cell above a plant cell or an animal cell? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
14. Is the cell above an example of a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell? WHY? ___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
15. What are at least 3 differences between plant & animal cells? ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
16. Identify the following cells as prokaryotic or eukaryotic.
_____________________
__
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DIRECTIONS: Complete the statements below by filling in the missing information.
16. ___________ are the smallest unit that can be considered alive.
17. The small structures/organs within each cell that perform life functions are called ___________________________ .
18. In plant cells, chlorophyll is found in the __________________________ .
19. The goo-like material that fills in the spaces between organelles is the _________________________ .
20. THE CELL THEORY
 All ___________________ organisms are made of ______________________.
 ______________ are the basic building blocks of all _____________________.
 New ______________ are produce from __________________________ cells.
21. You want to see if plants grow better when they are exposed to classical music. You take 4 identical plants, potted in the
same containers, under the same conditions. The only different is that 2 plants will be exposed to the classical music as they
grow. The others will grow exposed to no music. After 2 weeks, you compare the growth rates.
 What is the independent variable? Justify your answer.
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What is the dependent variable? Justify your answer.
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Identify the experimental group. Justify your answer.
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Identify the control group. Justify your answer.
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