HYDROLOGICAL MODELING OF ALBERTA USING SWAT MODEL A preliminary Report
Karim C. Abbaspour
abbaspour@eawag.ch
EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Scienec and Technology
Monireh Faramarzi
monireh.faramarzi@cc.iut.ac.ir
Departement of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran
Elham Rouholahnejad
EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Scienec and Technology
elham.rouholahnejad@eawagh.ch
Dec 2 2010
1
Content
1. Summary
3
2. Introduction
2.1 Climate
2.2 Water availability
2.3 Water use and water management
2.4 Future climate change impact
2.5 Project objectives
4
4
5
9
15
15
3. Methodology
3.1 SWAT simulator
3.2. The calibration program
3.3 The calibration setup and analysis
17
17
19
20
4. Input data
21
5. Preliminary results
29
6. Final results
6.1 Final results using observed climate data as input to the
SWAT model
6.1 Final results using CRU gridded climate data as input to the
SWAT model
36
36
7. Data gap
53
8. Future plan
55
9. References
56
Appendix I
Appendix II
Appendix III
59
79
81
42
2
1. Summary
Water is Alberta's most important renewable natural resource. It is reported
that it has a good supply of surface water. However, spatial and temporal
variation of the climate and hydrologic cycle has caused regions of water
scarcity in this province. Numerous factors contribute to the complexity of
water management in Alberta. These include: conflict over water resources;
inadequacy of knowledge about existing programs, water uses, and water
availability; and the nature and extent of stakeholder participation.
An exact knowledge of internal renewable water resources of Alberta is
needed to lay a strong basis for a systematic analysis of water use-water
availability for its long-term planning of the water and food security. The
main objective of this project is the quantification of Alberta’s water
resources including all components of the water balance at the subbasin
spatial and monthly temporal scale. This includes blue water flow (river
discharge
plus
deep
aquifer
recharge),
green
water
flow
(evapotranspiration), green water storage (soil moisture), and aquifer
recharge.
In this study we used the program Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)
in combination with the Sequential Uncertainty Fitting program (SUFI-2) to
calibrate and validate a hydrologic model of Alberta based on river
discharges. Uncertainty analyses were also performed to assess the model
performance. The results were not very satisfactory by using the observed
climate data, but more reasonable results were obtained through the use of
CRU (Climate Research Unit, http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/) gridded climate
data. The study period modeled was 1985–2006 for calibration (1991-2006)
and validation (1985-1990). We quantified all components of the water
balance including blue water flow (water yield plus deep aquifer recharge),
3
green water flow (actual and potential evapotranspiration) and green water
storage (soil moisture) at sub-basin level with monthly time-steps. The
spatially aggregated water resources components were used to predict subprovincial blue and green water resources availability. Using the 2.5 arcmin
population map available from the Center for International Earth Science
Information
Network
in
2005,
20015,
and
2015
(CIESIN,
http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/gpw), the water scarcity indicator, was
obtained and presented as per-capita blue water availability per year at
subbasin level. The results show that the lack of information on the dam
operation, water diversion, and consumptive water use causes a large
uncertainty in the areas concerned, hence we do not show this graph until
more accurate information is used. Pertaining to the staple food crops in the
province, the vulnerable situation of water resources availability has serious
implications for the province’s food security, and the looming impact of
climate change could only worsen the situation. This study provides a strong
basis for further studies concerning the water and food security and the
water resources management strategies in the province and a good basis for
the analysis of impact of climate change on blue and green water resources
in Alberta.
2. Introduction
2.1 Climate
Alberta, as the fourth largest province in Canada, has an area of 661,185
km2. It is located between 45-65°N and 105-125 ° E. The altitude varies
from 170 m in the Wood Buffalo National Park in the northeast to 3747 m in
the Rocky Mountains along the southwestern border. This variation as well
as the variation in sea surface temperature of the Pacific Ocean has a
pronounced influence on the diversity of the climate. Although most parts of
Alberta could be classified as semi-arid, it has a wide range of climatic
4
conditions. The average annual precipitation is 510 mm yr-1. The leeward
side of the Canadian Rocky Mountains, part of which is known as the
Foothills, is relatively wet, with an average annual precipitation of 600 mm
or more, while that of northern Alberta ranges from about 400 mm
(northeast) to over 500 mm on the northwest, and that of southern Alberta
from less than 350 mm (southeast) to about 450 mm [Mwale et al., 2009].
Arctic air masses in the winter produce extreme minimum temperatures
varying from −54 °C in northern Alberta to −46 °C in southern Alberta. In
the summer, continental air masses produce maximum temperatures from
32 °C in the mountains to 40 °C in southern Alberta.
2.2 Water availability
Although Alberta is abundant in terms of fresh water, but the spatial and
temporal variation of this resource has caused regions of scarcity. Northern
regions of Alberta are the wettest. The majority of Alberta's water is
generated in the Peace River system and flows northward through the Slave
River. In contrast, in the south, where water use is highest, the least
amount is available. There are three main reasons of variation in stream
flow: i) The size of drainage basin (e.g., the Peace River Basin encompasses
nearly 44% of total area of Alberta); ii) The location of headwater systems
(the mountains and foothills receive more precipitation than do the plains);
iii) The variation in climate (temperature is higher and evaporation greater
in southeastern Alberta than in northern and western regions). Based on the
hydrologic
deviation
by
Alberta
Environment
(http://www.environment.alberta.ca/apps/basins/default.aspx?Basin=12),
there are ten River Basins (RB) or River Sub-basins (RSB) in Alberta (Figure
1). These include:
Hay River Basin: the Hay River is located in the northwest portion of the
province and originates in British Columbia's Rocky Mountains. It flows from
5
the Hay River eventually meet Arctic Ocean. The basin has a drainage area
of 47,900 km2 at the Alberta-Northwest Territories border. The mean annual
discharge at the border is 3,630 million m3.
Peace River Basin: the Peace River begins in the mountains of British
Columbia, and flows to Alberta. The W.A.C. Bennett Dam is located
Figure 1. The modeled region of Alberta including main river basins/subbasins. The
white area is the modeled subbasins which are not located within Alberta boundary.
on the Peace River in British and influences the stream flow in downstream.
6
The river flows northeast across the province, through the town of
Peace River and empties into the Slave River. At Peace Point the Peace River
has a mean annual discharge of 68,200 million m3 and a drainage area of
293,000 km2. The Peace/Slave River Basin includes the Wapiti, Smoky,
Little Smoky and Wabasca rivers.
Athabasca River
Basin:
the
Athabasca
River
originates
in
the
Rocky Mountains of Alberta. The river flows northeast through the province,
past the urban centers of Jasper, Hinton, Whitecourt, Athabasca and
Fort McMurray prior to emptying into Lake Athabasca. Flows from the basin
eventually make their way to the Arctic Ocean. At Jasper, Athabasca and
Fort McMurray the mean annual discharge is 2,790 million m3, 13,600 million
m3 and 20,860 million m3, respectively. The drainage areas at Jasper,
Athabasca and Fort McMurray are 3,880 km2, 74,600 km2 and 133,000 km2
respectively. The Athabasca River Basin includes the McLeod, Pembina and
Clearwater rivers.
Beaver River Basin: the Beaver River is one of the smaller basins within the
province with a catchment area of about 14,500 km2. The basin and river
extend east, across the provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba, emptying
into Hudson's Bay. The Beaver River begins at Beaver Lake, and then flows
through urban centres of Bonnyville, Cold Lake and Grand Centre. The mean
annual discharge of the Beaver River at the Alberta-Saskatchewan border is
653 million m3. The Cold Lake Area Weapons Range comprises the majority
of the northern part of the basin. The basin is characterized by many
meandering streams and rivers which drain such lakes as Cold, Moose,
Muriel, Ethel and Wolf Lake.
North Saskatchewan River Basin: covers about 80,000 km2 of the province.
7
The basin begins in the ice fields of Banff and Jasper National Parks and
generally flows in an eastward direction to the Alberta-Saskatchewan border.
The Brazeau, Nordegg, Ram, Clearwater, Sturgeon and Vermilion rivers flow
into the North Saskatchewan River within Alberta. The Battle River also
forms
part
of
the
North Saskatchewan Basin
and
joins
with
the
North Saskatchewan River in Saskatchewan. There are two large dams
located in the basin. The Big Horn Dam on the North Saskatchewan River
creates
Lake Abraham.
The
Brazeau Reservoir
is
created
by
the
Brazeau Dam, located on the Brazeau River. Major centres within the basin
include
Drayton Valley,
Edmonton,
Fort Saskatchewan
and
the
Saddle Lake Indian Reserve. The mean annual discharge from the basin in
Alberta into Saskatchewan is over seven billion m3.
The
Red
Deer,
Oldman
and
Bow
River
Subbasins:
are
part
of
South Saskatchewan River Basin; begin in the Rocky Mountains, generally
flowing eastward through foothills and prairie. The combined watershed of
the basins is 121,095 km2, of which 41% is from the Red Deer sub-basin.
The mean annual discharge from the combined basin into Saskatchewan is
9,280 million m3.
Milk River Basin: is the smallest of the province's major river basins
encompassing an area of about 6,500 km2. The river is a northern part of
the Missouri-Mississippi River Basin. The Milk River enters Alberta from
Montana, flows eastward through the southern portion of the province prior
to looping back to Montana. Mean annual flows entering Alberta are 106
million m3 and leaving Alberta are 167 million m3.
The annual variation of water resources causes critical water supply licensing
problems in the areas where water users have already been licensed to
8
withdraw a certain amount of the estimated mean annual flow volume. Total
annual runoff from the high mountain regions varies little from year to year.
The variation is large for Bow River from about 900 million m3 in 1949 to
160 million m3 in 1954. In contrast, total annual flow variation in the Battle
River at Ponoka, a central plain stream, has ranged from 15 million m3 in
1976 to 260 million m3 in 1927. Located midway between these two, the
Red Deer River, at Red Deer, which rises on the eastern slopes of the Rocky
Mountains, has experienced a variation in total annual flow volume from less
than 700 million m3 in 1949 to almost 4000 million m3 in 1915.
Seasonal variations also affect water supply. Spring melts and summer rains
produce the great volumes of flow while drier fall weather and temporary
storage of water in snow and ice during winter are reflected in low runoff
patterns. This seasonal change in surface water flow varies across the
province. Mountain-fed streams such as the Bow River generally experience
greatest flows in June or July during the mountain snow melting period,
while streams located in the plains usually peak in April. The Battle River is
an example of the latter. The West Arrow wood and Sounding creeks
respond almost entirely to an early spring melt.
2.3 Water use and water management
Aside from hydro power production (a very significant but non-consumptive
use) there are five main water withdrawal (consumptive) uses in Alberta:
agricultural, thermal power, municipal, industrial and water injection. In
addition there are instream uses other than hydro, which include fisheries,
recreation and effluent dilution. The total amount of water withdrawn by
users is not fully consumed; some, such as sewage effluent, irrigation return
flow and thermal cooling water is returned to the natural drainage system.
For example, the total amount of surface water withdrawn by major water
users in Alberta in 1989 was approximately 4700 million m3, while the total
9
volume consumed was 2600 million m3. The irrigation is the largest water
user so far.
In addition to the sources of surface water, groundwater is an important
component of Alberta's water resource. Practically every part of the province
has groundwater, but aquifer depths, yields, and water potability vary.
Aquifer discharge establishes the base flow of many rivers and streams,
sustaining them during winter and other dry periods. Of all the water
currently withdrawn in Alberta, only about 3% comes from the groundwater
system. However, this relatively small volume is of vital importance, since a
great many Albertans depend upon groundwater for their domestic water
supply. Currently there are approximately 500,000 domestic wells in the
province and about 7,000 are added each year. Figure 2 shows the percent
of natural water flow which is allocated in each river basin. It is shown that
in the central and southern part of Alberta water use is high and in some
areas it is fully allocated for different sectors of uses.
Irrigation for agriculture is the largest user of water in Alberta, accounting
for 60 to 65 per cent of all water consumed on average. In 2007, irrigation including small, private irrigators - accounted for nearly 43% of allocated
surface water, or more than 4.1 billion m3. It represents almost 73% of all
water allocated in the South Saskatchewan River Basin. Thirteen organized
irrigation districts collectively represent the largest amount of water
allocated for a specific purpose in Alberta at over 3.5 billion m3 (Figure 3).
The four largest districts account for 83% of total diversions.
10
Figure 2. Water allocations in 2008 by river basins compared to average natural
flow [Government of Alberta, Environment].
Figure 3. Thirteen organized irrigation districts in Alberta
11
Nearly all uses of water result in some water that is not returned back to the
ecosystem from which it was derived. With irrigation, the majority of water
applied to crops is taken up by plants for growth, or evapo-transpires into
the atmosphere. Additionally, a small amount of water is never used for
irrigation itself; however, it is required to maintain the minimum depth of
water in canals and reservoirs in order to transport irrigation water through
the system. Therefore, some of this water ends up as return flow back into
other creeks and/or rivers, though seepage and evaporation losses in canals
and reservoirs can occur.
In much of southern Alberta, there is not enough rainfall and moisture to
naturally sustain agricultural crops. However, there is abundant sunshine
and heat that can contribute to growing many different crops if water were
not a limiting factor. Early in the settlement of Alberta, it was recognized
that agriculture would not be successful in the southern region without an
abundant and assured supply of water to irrigate fields. Irrigation Districts
were organized and granted water licenses to divert large quantities of water
from the tributaries of the South Saskatchewan River, primarily the Oldman
(St. Mary, Waterton and Belly) and Bow Rivers [Alberta Water Portal,
http://www.albertawater.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article
&id=84].
Numerous factors contribute to the complexity of water management,
including conflict over water resources; adequacy of knowledge about
existing programs, water uses, and water availability; and the nature and
extent of stakeholder participation. The manmade changes on natural water
systems have a significant impact, both spatially and temporally, on
hydrological water balance of the region [Faramarzi et al., 2009]. Figure 4
shows the Alberta water management infrastructure and projects
12
Northern Region
Central Region
Southern Region
Alberta Central Region
Figure 4. Major water management infrastructure projects in Alberta [owned and
operated by Alberta Environment, 2005].
13
[http://www3.gov.ab.ca/env/water/wmo/resources/maps.html].
Table
1
shows the projects operating in Central Region of Alberta.
Table 1. List of the water projects which are operated by Alberta
Environment within the Central Region
http://www3.gov.ab.ca/env/water/wmo/resources/maps.html
14
2.4 Future climate change impact
It is reported that all dry regions of the world show an overall net negative
impact of climate change on water resources and freshwater ecosystems.
Decrease of runoff will likely result in reduction in the value of the services
provided by water resources and the increase of annual runoff in other areas
are likely to be tempered in some areas by negative effects of increased
precipitation variability and seasonal runoff shifts on water supply, water
quality and flood risks (IPCC, 2007). Increases in temperature can affect the
amount and duration of snow cover which, in turn, can affect timing of
streamflow. Glaciers are expected to continue retreating, and many small
glaciers may disappear entirely. Peak streamflow may move from late spring
to early spring/late winter in those areas where snowpack is important in
determining water availability. Changes in streamflow have important
implications for water and flood management, irrigation, and planning. If
supplies are reduced, off-stream users of water such as irrigated agriculture
and
in-stream
users
such
as
hydropower,
fisheries,
recreation
and
navigation could be most directly affected. Canada, with a wide range of
climate conditions is expected to face changes on both water quantity and
quality. The earlier stream peak flow in spring [Whitefield and Cannon,
2000], Drought conditions in Prairie Provinces [Nyirfa and Harron, 2001],
saltwater intrusion into estuarine groundwater [Forbes et al., 1997] are
repoted in Canada to be evidence of global climate change. It is of strategic
importance for Canadian provinces to assess the impact of climate change
on freshwater resources availability with a high spatial and temporal
resolution model such as the one created here.
2.5 Project objectives
Numerous factors contribute to the complexity of water management,
including conflict over water resources; inadequacy of knowledge about
15
existing programs, water uses, and water availability; and the nature and
extent of stakeholder participation.
The main objective of this project is the quantification of Alberta’s water
resources including all components of the water balance at the subbasin
spatial and monthly temporal scale. This includes blue water flow (river
discharge
plus
deep
aquifer
recharge),
green
water
flow
(evapotranspiration), green water storage (soil moisture), and aquifer
recharge as shown in Figure 5.
Blue and Green Water Definition
Figure 5. Definition of water balance components including blue water flow, green
water flow, and green water storage.
16
3. Methodology
To model Alberta’s water resources we used the hydrologic model Soil and
Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) [Arnold et al., 1998] in combination with the
Sequential
Uncertainty
Fitting
program
(SUFI-2)
[Abbaspour
2007,
Abbaspour et al., 2007] to calibrate, validate, and perform uncertainty
analysis based on the available measured river discharge data. The modeled
region of Alberta is shown in Figure 1.
3.1 The SWAT simulator
SWAT is a computationally efficient simulator of hydrology and water quality
at various scales. It is a mechanistic time-continuous model that can handle
very large watersheds in a data efficient manner. The model is already used
in the “Hydrologic Unit Model for the United States” (HUMUS) [Arnold et al.,
1999; Srinivasan et al., 1998], where the entire U.S. was simulated with
good results for river discharges at around 6000 gauging stations. This study
is now extended within the national assessment of the USDA Conservation
Effects
Assessment
Project
(CEAP,
http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Technical/nri/ceap/ceapgeneralfact.pdf). A more
recent large scale SWAT application included the work of Gosain et al.,
[2006] where twelve large river basins in India were modelled with the
purpose of quantifying the climate change impact on hydrology. SWAT is
recognized by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and has been
incorporated into the EPA’s BASINS (Better Assessment Science Integrating
Point and Non-point Sources) [Di Luzio et al., 2002]. We used SWAT to
model the whole of Africa [Schuol et al., 2008a,b], and the country of Iran
[Faramarzi et al., 2009] as well as smaller watershed in Switzerland
[Abbaspour et al., 2007] and China [Yang et al., 2008].
17
SWAT is developed to quantify the impact of land management practices on
water,
sediment
and
agricultural
chemical
yields
in
large
complex
watersheds with varying soils, land uses, and management conditions over
long periods of time. The main components of SWAT are hydrology, climate,
nutrient cycling, soil temperature, sediment movement, crop growth,
agricultural management, and pesticide dynamics. In this study, we used
Arc-SWAT [Olivera et al., 2006], where ArcGIS (ver. 9.3) environment is
used for project development.
Spatial parameterization of the SWAT model is performed by dividing the
watershed into subbasins based on topography. These are further subdivided
into a series of hydrologic response units (HRU), based on unique elevation,
soil, landuse, and slope characteristics. The responses of each HRU in terms
of
water
and
nutrient
transformations
and
losses
are
determined
individually, aggregated at the subbasin level and routed to the associated
reach and catchment outlet through the channel network. SWAT represents
the local water balance through four storage volumes: snow, soil profile (0–2
m), shallow aquifer (2–20 m) and deep aquifer (>20 m). The soil water
balance equation is the basis of hydrological modeling. The simulated
processes include surface runoff, infiltration, evaporation, plant water
uptake, lateral flow, and percolation to shallow and deep aquifers. Surface
runoff is estimated by SCS curve number equation using daily precipitation
data based on soil hydrologic group, land use/land cover characteristics and
antecedent soil moisture.
In this study, potential evapotranspiration (PET) was simulated using
Hargreaves method (Hargreaves et al., 1985). Actual evapotranspiration
(AET) was predicted based on the methodology developed by Ritchie [1972].
The daily value of the leaf area index (LAI) was used to partition the PET
18
into potential soil evaporation and potential plant transpiration. LAI and root
development were simulated using the "crop growth" component of SWAT.
This component represents the interrelation between vegetation and
hydrologic balance. A more detailed description of the model is given by
Neitsch et al. [2002].
3.2 The calibration program SUFI-2
The program SUFI-2 [Abbaspour 2007; Abbaspour et al., 2007; Abbaspour
et al., 2004] was used for a combined calibration and uncertainty analysis.
In any (hydrological) modeling work there are uncertainties in input (e.g.,
rainfall), in conceptual model (e.g., by process simplification or by ignoring
important processes), in model parameters (non-uniqueness) and in the
measured data (e.g., discharge used for calibration). SUFI-2 maps the
aggregated uncertainties to the parameters and aims to obtain the smallest
parameter
uncertainty
(ranges).
The parameter
uncertainty
leads
to
uncertainty in the output which is quantified by the 95% prediction
uncertainty (95PPU) calculated at the 2.5% (L95PPU) and the 97.5%
(U95PPU) levels of the cumulative distribution obtained through Latin
hypercube sampling. Starting with large but physically meaningful parameter
ranges that bracket ‘most’ of the measured data within the 95PPU, SUFI-2
decreases the parameter uncertainties iteratively. After each iteration, new
and narrower parameter uncertainties are calculated [see Abbaspour 2007]
where the more sensitive parameters find a larger uncertainty reduction
than the less sensitive parameters. In deterministic simulations, output (i.e.,
river discharge) is a signal and can be compared to a measured signal using
indices such as R2, root mean square error, or Nash-Sutcliffe, NS. In
stochastic simulations where predicted output is given by a prediction
uncertainty band instead of a signal, we devised two different indices to
compare measurement to simulation: the P-factor and the R-factor
19
[Abbaspour 2007; Abbaspour et al., 2004]. These indices were used to
gauge the strength of calibration and uncertainty measures. The P-factor is
the percentage of measured data bracketed by the 95PPU. As all correct
processes and model inputs are reflected in the observations, the degree to
which they are bracketed in the 95PPU indicates the degree to which the
model uncertainties are being accounted for. The maximum value for the Pfactor is 100%, and ideally we would like to bracket all measured data,
except the outliers, in the 95PPU band. The R-factor is calculated as the ratio
between the average thickness of the 95PPU band and the standard
deviation of the measured data. It represents the width of the uncertainty
interval and should be as small as possible. R-factor indicates the strength of
the calibration and should be close to or smaller than a practical value of 1.
As a larger P-factor can be found at the expense of a larger R-factor, often a
tradeoff between the two must be sought.
3.3 The calibration setup and analysis
Sensitivity, calibration, validation, and uncertainty analysis were performed
for the hydrology using river discharge. As SWAT model involve a large
number of parameters, a sensitivity analysis was essential to identify the
key parameters across different hydrologic regions. For the sensitivity
analysis, 22 parameters integrally related to stream flow [Liu et al., 2008;
Levesque et al., 2008; Holvoet et al., 2005; White and Chaubey, 2005;
Abbaspour et al., 2007a, Faramarzi et al., 2009] were initially selected
(Table 2). We refer to these as the ‘global’ parameters. In a second step,
these global parameters were further differentiated by main river basins in
order to account for spatial variation in climate and management conditions
(i.e., SCS curve number CN2 of agricultural areas was assigned differently in
Beaver River Basin from that of Milk River Basin areas). This resulted in 102
scaled parameters.
20
As
different
calibration
procedures
produce
different
parameter
sets
(Abbaspour et al., 1999; Abbaspour et al., 2007a; Schuol et al., 2008b;
Yang et al., 2008), we used two different approaches here for comparison of
observed and simulated discharge data to provide more confidence in the
results. These include: (i) the “global approach”, where all discharge gauges
from all river basins were calibrated within a single calibration framework,
(ii) the “regional approach”, where discharge gauges were separately
calibrated for different water regions. Based on the deviation presented in
Figure 1, we considered six major water regions for the regional calibration
and did not consider the “River Sub Basins (RSB)” as a single water region.
The six calibrated water regions were:
-
RB1 and RB2 (for RB 1 we did not have any discharge data)
-
RB 3
-
RB 4
-
RB 5
-
RB 6, 7, 8, and 9
-
RB 10
4. Input data
SWAT can run on different ranges of data availability. Clearly, the more the
input data the better will be the output results. Table 3 summarizes a list of
essential and optional SWAT data requirement. The status of data availability
is also indicated in Table 3. The preliminary results are based on the data
indicated in the Table. Figures 6 to 10 show spatial distribution of the land
use classes, soil types, climate stations, river discharge stations and CRU
raster climate points used in this study.
21
Table 2. Sensitive input parameters in the calibration processes
Parameter Name
Definition
SURLAG.bsn
Surface runoff lag time (days)
SMTMP.bsn
Snow melt base temperature (ºC)
SFTMP.bsn
Snowfall temperature (ºC)
SMFMN.bsn
Minimum melt rate for snow during the year (mm/ºC-day)
TIMP.bsn
Snow pack temperature lag factor
CN2.mgt
SCS runoff curve number for moisture condition II
ALPHA_BF.gw
Base flow alpha factor (days)
REVAPMN.gw
Threshold depth of water in the shallow aquifer for ‘revap’ to
occur (mm)
GW_DELAY.gw
Groundwater delay time (days)
GW_REVAP.gw
Groundwater revap. coefficient
RCHRG_DP.gw
Threshold depth of water in the shallow aquifer required for
return flow to occur (mm)
Deep aquifer percolation fraction
ESCO.hru
Soil evaporation compensation factor
SOL_AWC.sol
Soil available water storage capacity (mm H2O/mm soil)
SOL_K.sol
Soil conductivity (mm/hr)
SOL_BD.sol
Soil bulk density (g/cm3)
SMFMX.bsn
Maximum melt rate for snow during the year (mm/ºC-day)
EPCO.hru
Plant uptake compensation factor
OV_N.hrul
Manning’s n value for overland flow
SOL_ALB.sol
Moist soil albedo
CH_N2.rte
Manning’s n value for main channel
CH_K2.rte
Effective hydraulic conductivity in the main channel (mm/hr)
GWQMN.gw
22
Table 3. Data requirement of SWAT
Data name
Required information
DEM
- we are using 90m x 90m resolution data from:
ESRI Global Digital Elevation Model (SRTM)
Landuse
- we are using 250 m resolution data from:
Natural Resources Canada - NRCan's EOSD data - Earth Observation for
Sustainable Development. This is augmented for areas surrounding Alberta with
1000 m resolution data from global database
Soil
- we are using the data from Agriculture Canada or CANSIS - Canadian Soils
Inventory System and some data from Agriculture Canada found under the
Canadian Geography Networks Arc Voyager's ArcIMS site. The spatial resolution
is 1:250000. For the Alberta surrounding area we used the FAO global soil map.
We have created as associated database containing the following variables needed
for SWAT simulations:
- Two soil layers (0-30 cm, 30-100 cm)
- Soil Hydrologic group (A, B, C, or D)
- Maximum rooting depth (mm)
- Textural class of first soil layer
- Depth from soil surface to bottom of each layer (mm)
- Moist bulk density (g/cm3)
- Available water capacity (mm H2O/mm soil)
- Saturated hydraulic conductivity (mm/hr)
- Organic carbon content (% soil weight)
- Clay content (% soil weight)
- Silt content (% soil weight)
- Sand content (% soil weight)
- Rock fragment content (% total weight)
- Moist soil albedo
- Soil erodibility factor, K, in USLE equation
Stream network map
- missing
We would like to have a river map with river names
Climate data
1- we bought a CD from:
http:\\climate.weatheroffice.ec.gc.ca\proods_servs\documentation_index_e.html
The database in sparse in northern Alberta
The data base includes:
- Daily precipitation (mm) for the period of 1985 to 2007
23
- Dail Max temperature (degree C.) for the period of 1985 to 2007
- Dail Min temperature (degree C.) for the period of 1985 to 2007
- Location (lat, long, elevation) of the climate stations
2. we downloaded the raster data from http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/cru/data
These are gridded climate database (0.5 degree) CRU TS3.0 and include:
- Daily precipitation (mm) for the period of 1985 to 2006
- Dail Max temperature (degree C.) for the period of 1985 to 2006
- Dail Min temperature (degree C.) for the period of 1985 to 2006
- Location (lat, long, elevation) of the climate stations
Reservoir operation
- missing
information
We would need information on the location of dams and reservoirs and their
operations as follows:
- Month the reservoir became operational (0-12)
- Reservoir surface area when the reservoir is filled to the emergency spillway (ha)
- Volume of water needed to fill the reservoir to the emergency spillway (104 m3)
- Reservoir surface area when the reservoir is filled to the principal spillway (ha)
- Volume of water needed to fill the reservoir to the principal spillway (104 m3)
- Initial reservoir volume.
- Initial sediment concentration in the reservoir (mg/L)
- Equilibrium sediment concentration in the reservoir (mg/L)
- Hydraulic conductivity of the reservoir bottom (mm/hr)
- Daily reservoir outflow (m3/s).
- missing
Inlet
- Lat and long for any inlet to the watershed is required
- daily data for any inlet (optional)
Agricultural
data
management
- missing
- Planting and harvest dates
- Fertilization information (when, where, how much)
- Tillage operation (method, date)
- Irrigation (source, date, amount)
- Grazing
- Tile drains (exits or not, if yes, at what depth)
- Pesticide application
- Crop rotation
24
Water management
- missing
- Water transfer information, water use from shallow and deep aquifer, river, and
ponds
River discharge data
- have daily river discharge (m3/s) data for 167 stations. However, some are given
at hydrometric stations
in terms of water height rather than discharge; some are controlled by dams and
reservoirs, and some by glaciers. Need to know this information but we currently
don’t have them. Source:
http://www.wsc.ec.gc.ca/hydat/H2O/index_e.cfm
Crop yield data
- missing
Need:
- Annual yield for major crops in the region
Water quality at
- missing
hydrometric stations (if
This data would be needed for water quality studies. Needed data are some or all
water quality is required)
of the following depending on the objectives:
- Sediment load transported by the river (daily, or monthly) (tn), or
- River sediment concentration (mg/l)
- Nitrate load transported by the river (kg N)
- Phosphorus load transported by the river (Kg P)
- Dissolved oxygen transported by the river (kg O2)
- Algal biomass transported by river (kg)
- Other chemicals such as: NH4, NO2, Mineral P, organic P, Organic N, CBOD
are also considered by SWAT
Point sources
- missing
- Input from water treatment plants (quantity and quality of water)
- Lat-Lon location
- Springs (quantity and quality, and also Lat-Long location)
25
Figure 6. Landuse map of Alberta (250 m resolution) and surrounding areas (1000
m resolution).
Figure 7. Soil map of Alberta (1000 m resolution).
26
Figure 8. Distribution of observed temperature and precipitation stations.
Figure 9. Distribution of the 167 outlets used in the initial run.
27
Figure 10. Distribution of the 101 outlets used in the initial run
Figure 11. Distribution of the gridded climate points with 0.5 degree resolution
from CRU providing daily precipitation and maximum and minimum daily
temperature data for the entire Alberta.
28
5. Preliminary results
To calibrate and validate the hydrologic model, we started with one first run
to get an indication of the model performance and observed discharge
stations to be used for calibration. The results show that many stations are:
- small creeks
- under the influence of reservoirs, dams and glaciers,
- some stations are not properly placed on the correct river or stream (a
river map with river names would be useful to identify these stations), and
- some have only reported water heights and no discharge numbers
After identifying and properly accounting for this, we calibrated in the next
step using the discharge data of 101 stations (Figure 10) rather than 167
(Figure 9). Examples of discharge stations under the influence of dam,
reservoir, Glacier, consumptive water use, water transfer, or wrong data
(water height instead of discharge) are presented in Figures 12 to 14. Figure
15 shows a station located downstream of a dam, Figure 16 shows a station
located in a small creek. To calibrate the former we need to know dam’s
operation while the data from the small creek is not reliable. Performance of
these stations cannot be improved by calibration unless we know the exact
nature of the observed discharge.
Figure 17 shows example of stations that can be improved by calibration.
Because, the first run shows a rather good prediction in terms of BR2 and Pfactor but the R-factor (a measure of uncertainty) has to be decreased
through parameter optimization in the next calibration iterations.
29
0
Jan, 2002
Jan, 2001
Jan, 2000
Jan, 1999
Jan, 1998
Jan, 1997
Jan, 1996
Jan, 1995
Jan, 1994
Jan, 1993
Jan, 1992
Jan, 1991
Jan, 1990
Jan, 1989
Jan, 1988
Jan, 1987
Jan, 1986
Jan, 1985
Jan, 2006
200
Jan, 2005
400
Jan, 2006
600
Jan, 2004
800
Jan, 2005
1000
Jan, 2003
RED DEER RIVER AT DRUMHELLER (Red Deer RSB)
Jan, 2004
1400
Jan, 2003
Jan, 2002
Jan, 2001
Jan, 2000
Jan, 1999
Jan, 1998
Jan, 1997
Jan, 1996
Jan, 1995
Jan, 1994
Jan, 1993
Jan, 1992
Jan, 1991
Jan, 1990
Jan, 1989
Jan, 1988
Jan, 1987
-1
1200
Jan, 1986
Jan, 1985
3
Discharge (m sec )
Discharge (m3 sec -1)
1200
1000
OLDMAN RIVER NEAR LETHBRIDGE (Oldman RSB)
800
600
400
200
0
Figure 12. Example of stations that could not benefit from calibration and most
likely is affected by a dam or reservoir or water extract from upstream.
30
Jan, 1999
Jan, 2000
Jan, 2001
Jan, 2002
Jan, 2003
Jan, 2004
Jan, 2005
Jan, 2006
Jan, 2007
Jan, 2000
Jan, 2002
Jan, 2003
Jan, 2006
Jan, 2007
Jan, 2005
Jan, 2004
Jan, 2001
a
Jan, 1998
350
Jan, 1997
Jan, 1994
Jan, 1999
Jan, 1989
Jan, 1990
Jan, 1991
Jan, 1988
Jan, 1996
Jan, 1997
Jan, 1998
0
Jan, 1995
100
Jan, 1996
200
Jan, 1995
300
Jan, 1993
Jan, 1994
400
Jan, 1992
500
Jan, 1993
b
Jan, 1992
Jan, 1991
600
Jan, 1990
800
Jan, 1989
900
Jan, 1988
250
Jan, 1987
Jan, 1985
Jan, 1986
Jan, 1987
-1
3
Discharge (m sec )
300
Jan, 1986
Jan, 1985
-1
700
3
Discharge (m sec )
400
95PPU SWAT prediction
Best simulated
Observed
200
150
100
50
0
Figure 13. Example of stations that are affected by glaciers at upstream. The
glaciers have additional input to the rivers. We modified this in SWAT model.
31
100
0
Jan, 1999
Feb, 1999
Oct, 2007
Sep, 2006
Aug, 2005
Jul, 2004
Jun, 2003
May, 2002
Apr, 2001
Jan, 2007
Jan, 2006
Jan, 2005
Jan, 2004
Jan, 2003
Jan, 2002
Jan, 2001
Jan, 2000
Jan, 1998
Mar, 2000
Jan, 1997
Jan, 1998
Jan, 1996
Jan, 1995
Jan, 1994
Jan, 1993
Jan, 1992
Jan, 1991
Dec, 1996
Nov, 1995
Oct, 1994
Sep, 1993
Aug, 1992
Jul, 1991
Jan, 1990
3
-1
Discharge (m sec )
500
Jun, 1990
Jan, 1989
200
May, 1989
300
Jan, 1988
400
Jan, 1987
500
Apr, 1988
600
Mar, 1987
700
Jan, 1986
Jan, 1985
0
Feb, 1986
Jan, 1985
Discharge (m3 sec-1)
700
600
95PPU SWAT prediction
Best simulated
Observed
400
300
200
100
Figure 14. Example of stations where we have water heights instead of discharges.
We need to obtain discharges, or remove them from calibration process.
32
Figure 15. Example of stations located downstream of a dam. To calibrate this
station we need to know the dam’s operation
33
Figure 16. Example of a discharge station located in a small creek. The data from
these statioins are not reliable
34
Jan, 1985
Jan, 1986
Jan, 1987
Jan, 1988
Jan, 1989
Jan, 1990
Jan, 1991
Jan, 1992
Jan, 1993
Jan, 1994
Jan, 1995
Jan, 1996
Jan, 1997
Jan, 1998
Jan, 1999
Jan, 2000
Jan, 2001
Jan, 2002
Jan, 2003
Jan, 2004
Jan, 2005
Jan, 2006
3
-1
Discharge (m sec )
Jan, 1985
Jan, 1986
Jan, 1987
Jan, 1988
Jan, 1989
Jan, 1990
Jan, 1991
Jan, 1992
Jan, 1993
Jan, 1994
Jan, 1995
Jan, 1996
Jan, 1997
Jan, 1998
Jan, 1999
Jan, 2000
Jan, 2001
Jan, 2002
Jan, 2003
Jan, 2004
Jan, 2005
Jan, 2006
3
-1
Discharge (m sec )
140
120
95PPU SWAT prediction
Best simulated
Observed
100
80
60
40
20
0
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Figure 17. Example of a stations that could be improved with calibration.
35
6. Final results
6.1 Final results using the observed climate data as input to the
SWAT model
Using the observed climate data of 194 rain gauge and 189 temperature
gauges as input in the SWAT model (Figure 8), the calibration results for 101
discharge stations produced a poor performance as presented in Table 3. In
general, we started with a rather wide initial range of parameter values for
each water region and tried to narrow this uncertainty in the next calibration
iterations. All water regions performed poor in terms of goal function and R2.
The initial P-factor was in general satisfactory but attempt to narrow
uncertainty band while improving goal function, resulted in quite small
percentage of observed data bracketed within uncertainty band (i.e. in
average for the whole Alberta the P-factor was 0.17, at final stage of
calibration procedure). To improve the calibration performance in some
stations which were likely affected by glaciers, we considered additional
water inflow using “inlet” option in the model. Figure 18 shows how the
calibration performance was improved in a downstream station of a glacier
in the model (namely “Athabasca River near Windfall” station, Figure 19). In
this station, the calibration performance was improved from 0.45 to 0.63 for
P-factor, from 1.47 to 1.43 for R-factor, from 0.17 to 0.80 for R2 and from
0.02 to 0.66 for goal function (bR2).
Table 3. Calibration performance of different water regions while using observed
climate data as input in the SWAT model.
P‐factor R‐factor R2 Goal function River basin/subbasin initial Final initial Final initial Final initial Final Hay & Peac/Slave RB 0.46 0.16 4.40 1.70 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.08 Athabasca RB 0.61 0.27 4.46 2.56 0.04 0.06 0.02 0.03 Beaver RB 0.51 0.18 4.62 2.75 0.06 0.07 0.02 0.03 North Sasketchwan RSB 0.37 0.08 19.37 7.38 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.05 Red Deer, Bow, South Sas., 0.48 0.23 4.93 2.95 0.07 0.11 0.04 0.05 Oldman RSB Milk RB 0.20 0.11 79.04 56.73 0.11 0.14 0.09 0.12 36
1400
95PPU SWAT prediction
Observed
3
-1
Discharge (m sec )
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
Jan, 2006
Jan, 2005
Jan, 2004
Jan, 2003
Jan, 2002
Jan, 2001
Jan, 2000
Jan, 1999
Jan, 1998
Jan, 1997
Jan, 1996
Jan, 1995
Jan, 1994
Jan, 1993
Jan, 1992
Jan, 1991
Jan, 1990
Jan, 1989
Jan, 1988
Jan, 1987
Jan, 1986
Jan, 1985
0
Figure 18. Calibration performance of the “Athabasca River near Windfall” station
that was improved compare to its performance with the initial model setup where
the effect of glacier did not considered (Figure 13b).
Athabasca River near Windfall
Figure 19. Athabasca River near Windfall station, located at downstream side of a
glacier.
37
Using the optimized parameter ranges we further intended to calculate the
long-term average hydrological components at subbasin level to be able to
compare the results with improved input data in the next phase. Figures 20
to 24 show different hydrological components of Alberta resulted from this
phase of the analysis.
Figure 20. Long term (1985-2007) average distribution of precipitation.
38
Figure 21. Long term (1985-2007) average distribution of maximum and minimum
temperature.
39
Figure 22. Long term (1985-2007) average distribution of green water flow (actual
and potential evapotranspiration).
40
Figure 23. Long term (1985-2007) average distribution of blue water (water yield
plus deep aquifer recharge) and green water storage (soil moisture).
41
Figure 24. Long term (1985-2007) average distribution of deep aquifer recharge.
6.2 Final results using the CRU gridded climate data as input to the
SWAT model
In general, a poor calibration result from previous section enforced the idea
that i) climate data may have large errors associated with it, or ii) lack of
stations in the northern part of Alberta (Figure 8) has a large impact on the
overall model performance, or iii) the distribution of the observed stations is
such that they are not assigned to the correct subbasins in the SWAT model.
To test some of these hypotheses, we obtained gridded climate data from
Climate Research Unit, UK (CRU) to set up a new SWAT project for Alberta
42
taking the effect of glaciers in some subbasins as described in the previous
section. The CRU provides 0.5 degree daily precipitation and temperature
data. We performed calibration, validation, and uncertainty analysis using
the discharge data of 101 stations (Figure 10). The calibration results were
better in terms of P-factor, R-factor and goal function compared to the
results using observed climate data. Table 4 shows calibration results
aggregated at water region level. As shown in Table 4 the R-factor, R2 and
goal function were improved from their initial values while having a more
satisfactory P-factor compare to the condition where we used the observed
climate data for Alberta. Figures 25 to 27 show the calibration (1991-2006)
and validation (1985-1990) results for some discharge stations. A high
uncertainty (large R-factor) and small p-factor in some stations relates to
insufficient accounting of agricultural and industrial water use, water
diversion or water transfer projects and the construction or operation of
dams/reservoirs in the province during the period of study. The water
management maps of Alberta Environment (Figures 2, 3, and 4) show some
of the man’s activities influencing natural hydrology during the period of
study.
Regions
with
the
highest
activities
have
the
worst
calibration/validation results as well as the largest uncertainties. The
construction of dams, reservoirs, roads, and tunnels can affect the local
hydrology for many years. This is an important and often neglected source
of uncertainty in large-scale hydrological modeling. As the extent of
management
in
water
resources
development
increases,
hydrological
modeling will become more and more difficult and will depend on the
availability of detailed knowledge of the management operations.
Using the optimized parameter ranges, Figures 28 to 32 are shown as
example of the type of maps that can be produced based on long-term
averages. These variables are available at monthly resolution and could also
43
be tabulated with upper and lower uncertainty bonds for every one of 928
subbasins in the region of study.
Appendix I gives the long-term (1985-2006) average values of hydrological
components for each of 928 subbasins. In Appendix II the location of the
numbered subbasins is shown.
In Appendix III we aggregated the subbasin data into the major subbasins
suggested in Figure 1. Also shown is the graphical representation of these
data. We could not find much measured data to compare with our results.
But water yield (net amount of water contributed to the river by the
subbasin) estimated by SWAT was compared to the values give by
Environment Alberta:
(http://www.environment.alberta.ca/apps/basins/default.aspx?Basin=12)
although we are not sure if both values are referring to the same things.
The water yield Figure shows large uncertainties in the water yield of water
rich subbasins. The reported uncertainty contains natural year to year
variation due to climate as well as water use and water abstraction. The
later information was not available to us. Hence, our reported values could
be taken as naturalized values.
44
Table 4. Calibration performance of different water regions while using CRU
gridded climate data as input in the SWAT model.
P_factor R‐factor R 2 Goal function River basin/subbasin initial Final initial Final initial Final initial Final Hay & Peac/Slave RB 0.45 0.47 3.36 2.87 0.27 0.28 0.21 0.21 Athabasca RB 0.67 0.39 3.94 3.01 0.30 0.33 0.23 0.24 Beaver RB 0.56 0.31 4.27 3.29 0.18 0.23 0.13 0.21 North Sasketchwan RSB 0.56 0.35 38.61 1.95 0.29 0.37 0.23 0.29 Red Deer, Bow, South 0.48 0.30 6.58 4.47 0.37 0.39 0.26 0.27 Sas., Oldman RSB Milk RB 0.28 0.55 108.78 3.89 0.22 0.34 0.17 0.33 45
(Calibration)
350
-1
3
Discharge (m sec )
250
200
P-factor= 0.6,
R-factor= 1.4,
R2= 0.44
95PPU SWAT prediction
Observed
300
150
100
50
-1
3
Oct, 2006
Jan, 2006
Apr, 2005
Jul, 2004
Oct, 2003
Jan, 2003
Apr, 2002
Jul, 2001
Oct, 2000
Jan, 2000
Apr, 1999
Jul, 1998
Oct, 1997
Jan, 1997
Apr, 1996
Jul, 1995
Oct, 1994
Jan, 1994
Apr, 1993
Jul, 1992
(Validation)
250
Discharge (m sec )
Oct, 1991
Jan, 1991
0
P-factor= 0.51
R-factor= 1.42
R2= 0.38
200
150
100
50
Jan, 1990
Jan, 1989
Jan, 1988
Jan, 1987
Jan, 1986
Jan, 1985
0
Figure 25. Comparison of the observed (blue line) and simulated (expressed as
95% prediction uncertainty band) discharges for “Nordegg River at Sunchild Road”
station located in North Sasketchwan River Subbasin (subbasin number 645).
46
(Calibration)
450
350
3
-1
Discharge (m sec )
P-factor= 0.68
R-factor= 0.57
R2= 0.61
95PPU SWAT prediction
Observed
400
300
250
200
150
100
50
-1
Jan, 2006
Jan, 2005
Jan, 2004
Jan, 2003
Jan, 2002
Jan, 2001
Jan, 2000
Jan, 1999
Jan, 1998
Jan, 1997
Jan, 1996
Jan, 1995
Jan, 1994
P-factor= 0.60
R-factor= 0.61
R2= 0.59
400
3
Jan, 1993
(Validation)
450
Discharge (m sec )
Jan, 1992
Jan, 1991
0
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
Jan, 1990
Jan, 1989
Jan, 1988
Jan, 1987
Jan, 1986
Jan, 1985
0
Figure 26. Comparison of the observed (blue line) and simulated (expressed as
95% prediction uncertainty band) discharges for “Smoky River Over Hells Creek”
station located in Peace/Slave River Basin (subbasin number 496).
47
(Calibration)
3
-1
Discharge (m sec )
120
P-factor= 0.86
R-factor= 2.27
R2= 0.57
95PPU SWAT prediction
Observed
100
80
60
40
20
-1
3
Discharge (m sec )
40
Jan, 2006
Jan, 2005
Jan, 2004
Jan, 2003
Jan, 2002
Jan, 2001
Jan, 2000
Jan, 1999
Jan, 1998
Jan, 1997
Jan, 1996
Jan, 1995
Jan, 1994
Jan, 1993
(Validation)
60
50
Jan, 1992
Jan, 1991
0
P-factor= 0.82
R-factor= 2.38
R2= 0.41
30
20
10
Jan, 1990
Jan, 1989
Jan, 1988
Jan, 1987
Jan, 1986
Jan, 1985
0
Figure 27. Comparison of the observed (blue line) and simulated (expressed as
95% prediction uncertainty band) discharges for “Elbow River at Bragg Creek”
station located in Bow River Subbasin (subbasin number 780).
48
Figure 28. Long term (1985-2006) average distribution of precipitation using CRU
gridded climate data.
49
Figure 29. Long term (1985-2006) average distribution of maximum and minimum
temperature using CRU gridded climate data.
50
Figure 30. Long term (1985-2006) average distribution of green water flow (actual
and potential evapotranspiration) using CRU gridded climate data.
51
Figure 31. Long term (1985-2006) average distribution of blue water (water yield
plus deep aquifer recharge) and green water storage (soil moisture) using CRU
gridded climate data.
52
Figure 32. Long term (1985-2006) average distribution of deep aquifer recharge
using CRU gridded climate data.
53
7. Data gap
What we have produced pertains to more or less natural conditions. More
data regarding irrigation, cropping structure, water transfer, and dams and
reservoirs are needed to produce a more real picture. In the following we
identify some data gaps.
1. A precise water use data is needed to draw a more reliable picture of
blue water resources availability with smaller uncertainty band. An
application of blue water information could be to draw a water scarcity
map of Alberta presenting per capita water availability per year.
Drawing water scarcity map based only on naturalized blue water
resources availability or blue water availability with a high uncertainty
band might not present the real scarcity situation in the regions.
2. Calibration of a large-scale distributed hydrologic model against river
discharge
alone
does
not
provide
sufficient
confidence
for
all
components of the water balance. We suggest a multi-criteria
calibration (Abbaspour et al. 2007) for a better characterization of
different components and as a way of dealing with the non-uniqueness
problem (narrowing of the prediction uncertainty). For example
because
of
the
direct
relationship
between
crop
yield
and
evapotranspiration, we can included yield as an additional target
variable in the calibration process in order to improve the simulation of
ET, soil moisture, and deep aquifer recharge. We assume that if yield
is correct, then actual evapotranspiration and also soil moisture are
simulated correctly. This in turn indicates that deep aquifer recharge is
correct; hence, increasing our confidence on the calculated blue water,
that is the sum of river discharge and deep aquifer recharge.
54
3. Water transfer between/in different river systems is another source of
uncertainty in hydrological model results, as it can change the
hydrologic regime from its natural condition. We need this data to use
as another input in the model to improve the calibration results.
4. Agricultural management data is required for the reasons explained
previously to model major crop yields.
5. Future climate change data are useful to use as input in our calibrated
hydrological model to assess the impact of climate change on
hydrological components and water resources availability as well as
crop yield.
8. Suggestion for project continuation
The next phase of this project could combine the water availability (this
project) and water use (the project by Liu et al.) to build a more integrated
model of Alberta. Furthermore, a more refined input database could improve
model calibration. Such a model could be used for analysis of various water
balance component as well as water supply-water demand analysis similar to
the study by Faramarzi et al. [2010a, b]. Using the improved calibrated
model,
climate
change
scenarios
could
be
run
for
foreseen
future
management changes and their impacts on water resources quantified. With
the use of a population map, hot spots of water scarcity could be identified.
55
9. References
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Uncertainty Analysis Programs. Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic
Science and Technology, Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
http://www.eawag.ch/forschung/siam/software/swat/index
Abbaspour, K.C, Faramarzi, M., Seyed Ghasemi, S., Yang, H. (2009),
Assessing impact of climate change on water resources of Iran, Water
Resources Research 45, W10434.
http://www.eawag.ch/organisation/abteilungen/siam/software/swat/index_EN
Abbaspour, K. C., Yang,J., Maximov, I., Siber, R., Bogner, K., Mieleitner,
J., Zobrist, J., Srinivasan, R. (2007), Modelling hydrology and water
quality in the pre-alpine/alpine Thur watershed using SWAT, Journal of
Hydrology 333, 413-430.
Abbaspour, K.C., Johnson, A., van Genuchten, M.Th., (2004). Estimating
uncertain flow and transport parameters using a sequential uncertainty
fitting procedure. Vadose Zone Journal, 3, 1340-1352.
Arnold, J. G., Srinivasan, R., Muttiah, R. S., Williams, J. R. (1998), Large
area hydrologic modeling and assessment - Part 1: Model
development, Journal of American Water Resources Association 34(1),
73-89.
Arnold, J. G., Srinivasan, R., Muttiah, R. S., Allen, P. M. (1999), Continental
scale simulation of the hydrologic balance, American Water Resources
Association 35(5), 1037-1051.
Di Luzio, M., Srinivasan R., Arnold J.G. (2002), Integration of watershed
tools and SWAT model into basins, Journal of American Water
Resources Association 38(4), 1127-1141.
Faramarzi, M., Abbaspour, K.C., Schulin, R., Yang, H. (2009), Modeling blue
and green water availability in Iran, Hydrological Processes 23(3),
486-501.
Faramarzi, M., Abbaspour, K.C., Schulin, R., Yang, H. (2010a), Modeling
wheat yield and crop water productivity in Iran: implications of
agricultural water management for wheat production, Agricultural
Water Management 97, 1861-1875
Faramarzi, M., Yang, H., Mousavi, J., Schulin, R., Binder, R.C., Abbaspour,
K.C. (2010b), Analysis of intra-country virtual water trade to alleviate
water scarcity in Iran, HESS: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
14, 1417-1433
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Gosain, A.K., Rao, S., Basuray, D. (2006), Climate change impact
assessment on hydrology of Indian river basins. Curr. Sci. 90(3), 346353.
Hargreaves GL, Hargreaves GH, Riley JP. (1985), Agricultural benefits for
Senegal River Basin, Journal of Irrigation and Drainage EngineeringASCE 111, 113-124.
Neitsch, S.L., Arnold, J.G., Kiniry, J.R., Williams, J.R., King, K.W. (2002),
Soil and water assessment tool, Theoretical documentation: Version
2000. TWRI TR-191. College Station, Texas: Texas Water Resources
Institute.
Olivera, F., Valenzuela, M., Srinivasan, R., Choi, J., Cho, H.D., Koka, S.,
Agrawal, A. (2006) ArcGIS-SWAT: A geodata model and GIS interface
for SWAT, Journal of the American Water Resources Association 42,
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Ritchie, J.T. (1972), A model for predicting evaporation from a row crop with
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58
Appendix I
Long-term average (1985-2007) hydrological components at subbasin level
obtained with M95ppu. The M95PPU is calculated at the 50% level of the cumulative
distribution obtained through Latin hypercube sampling.
Subbasin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 RB NAME Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB N_Hay RB N_Hay RB N_Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB N_Hay RB Hay RB N_Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB N_Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB N_Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Peace RB PCP 377.54 369.34 367.95 384.69 333.11 333.11 339.34 358.7 366.14 358.7 339.34 333.11 358.7 354.77 362.3 412.06 365.57 366.14 371.49 402.93 402.93 390.94 358.71 354.77 354.77 391.15 391.15 399.15 358.71 402.93 371.49 384.69 392.86 365.57 412.06 402.93 399.15 372.89 404.89 412.06 412.06 393.16 364.96 TMAX 4.1 4.16 4.05 5.08 4.44 4.44 4.5 3.49 2.75 3.49 4.5 4.44 3.49 5.14 3.01 6.31 5.23 2.75 3.62 6.5 6.5 5.05 4.45 5.14 5.14 5.24 5.24 6.12 4.45 6.5 3.62 5.08 2.2 5.23 6.31 6.5 6.12 5.1 6.38 6.31 6.31 5.87 3.71 TMIN ‐7.84 ‐7.96 ‐8.28 ‐7.47 ‐8.23 ‐8.23 ‐7.79 ‐7.79 ‐8.21 ‐7.79 ‐7.79 ‐8.23 ‐7.79 ‐7.58 ‐7.8 ‐6.13 ‐7.6 ‐8.21 ‐8.04 ‐5.86 ‐5.86 ‐7.06 ‐7.82 ‐7.58 ‐7.58 ‐7.11 ‐7.11 ‐6.67 ‐7.82 ‐5.86 ‐8.04 ‐7.47 ‐8.8 ‐7.6 ‐6.13 ‐5.86 ‐6.67 ‐7.62 ‐6.15 ‐6.13 ‐6.13 ‐7.04 ‐7.32 BLUE 334.16 326.02 324.44 340.27 290.37 290.16 295.67 316.65 325.05 316.39 295.1 288.75 316.37 310.38 324.39 365.04 319.99 321.04 327.18 355.5 356.01 345.1 314.16 309.86 309.44 344.79 345.15 359.83 314.25 356.31 327.49 338.65 336.77 320.27 364.94 355.34 353.13 327.38 365.15 364.81 365.05 354.21 322.31 DA 184.91 151.94 148.21 157.89 123.09 123 108.34 10.38 11.84 10.21 109.68 110.21 115.28 136.57 10.99 177.49 140.77 1.7 127.05 172.27 81.13 166.18 123.36 139.2 126.92 138.46 164.23 104.05 122.74 95.24 143.5 132.12 2.41 125.06 178.23 204.9 143.32 128.12 147.94 178.57 175.78 96.86 104.62 ET 45.4 45.29 44.95 46.07 44.84 45.04 45.1 42.72 42.06 42.63 45.16 44.99 43.13 45.18 37.77 47.35 45.76 43.11 44.91 47.36 47.02 45.93 45.04 45.38 45.75 46.1 45.85 39.26 45.09 46.68 44.66 45.95 41.99 45.44 47.27 47.73 46.29 45.66 39.34 47.58 47.29 38.76 43.68 PET 47.76 49.01 48.27 49.36 48.02 48.01 48.12 45.67 44.61 45.32 47.63 47.95 46.12 48.1 45.41 49.69 49.01 46.08 47.25 50.27 50.18 48.56 48.27 48.29 48.67 49 49.04 49.5 48.02 49.81 47.49 48.82 45.01 48.13 50.26 50.92 50.11 48.85 49.68 50.71 50.48 49.49 46.54 SW 2493.64 2409.11 2427.85 2382.78 2438.35 2438.1 2402.7 2275.6 2374.67 2272.51 2402.58 2411.43 2429.68 2399.29 2303.77 2353.65 2410.04 7801.62 2433 2338.61 1573.03 2386.28 2407.72 2398.84 2377.47 2356.22 2376.9 337.26 2407.64 1574.85 2456.08 2370.03 8189.46 1138.84 2353.69 2388.69 2338.61 2358.78 271.04 2353.41 2353.6 409.33 3447.99 59
44 45 46 Hay RB N_Hay RB Hay RB 392.9 358.35 404.89 5.42 3.44 6.38 ‐7.52 ‐7.39 ‐6.15 347.43 317.13 365.32 141.59 10.71 123.69 45.48 42.38 39.22 48.09 45.73 49.07 1142.55 2300.37 251.38 PCP TMAX TMIN BLUE DA ET PET SW 399.15 393.16 353.84 412.06 388.85 399.15 412.65 361.89 412.65 393.16 364.96 360.54 412.06 394.08 368.1 360.54 364.96 415.38 412.06 367.93 368.38 368.91 412.06 389.84 392.52 366.44 368.41 368.41 366.44 367.93 375.85 379.25 388.85 383.16 383.16 367.93 406.59 375.85 367.93 411.2 368.91 382.73 376.69 382.73 383.16 6.12 5.87 3.41 6.31 5.23 6.12 6.08 3.76 6.08 5.87 3.71 3.43 6.31 2.59 4.14 3.43 3.71 6.29 6.31 4.08 2.77 4.33 6.31 4.01 2.33 4.37 4.36 4.36 4.37 4.08 3.64 5.07 5.23 6.2 6.2 4.08 6.07 3.64 4.08 6.08 4.33 4.01 6.24 4.01 6.2 ‐6.67 ‐7.04 ‐7.32 ‐6.13 ‐7.45 ‐6.67 ‐6.86 ‐7.33 ‐6.86 ‐7.04 ‐7.32 ‐7.23 ‐6.13 ‐8.29 ‐6.97 ‐7.23 ‐7.32 ‐6.36 ‐6.13 ‐6.83 ‐7.56 ‐6.88 ‐6.13 ‐7.05 ‐8.56 ‐6.83 ‐6.95 ‐6.95 ‐6.83 ‐6.83 ‐7.04 ‐7.12 ‐7.45 ‐6.1 ‐6.1 ‐6.83 ‐7.05 ‐7.04 ‐6.83 ‐6.99 ‐6.88 ‐7.19 ‐5.01 ‐7.19 ‐6.1 360.19 347.01 310.64 364.66 343.08 352.75 365.85 318.83 365.59 346.79 322.33 317.93 364.3 351.56 325.8 317.85 322 367.65 364.43 325.07 325.59 325.93 364.29 344.91 349.97 323.3 325.8 325.9 323.2 331.72 333.07 333.87 342.98 336.15 336.1 331.56 360.25 332.87 331.42 364 332.98 338.26 330.47 338.24 336.22 104.62 139.19 10.99 179.84 141.61 142.35 148.04 11.25 135.51 141.3 152.18 175.33 178.43 146.9 129.76 175.57 146.93 176.18 206.27 181.93 109.17 186.99 179.36 151.95 148.23 149.27 149.71 184.64 148.87 115.67 184.8 139.17 140.57 134.43 139.74 136.08 139.42 183.13 137.53 140.03 140.28 155.47 128.07 172.65 130.4 39.05 46.62 43.08 47.77 45.75 46.86 46.85 43.78 47 46.81 43.7 44.27 48.04 42.68 43.3 44.31 43.75 47.86 48.22 44.85 43.84 45.15 48.17 45.82 42.39 44.48 44.43 44.59 44.57 37.46 44.79 45.85 45.8 47.28 47.38 37.59 46.29 44.85 37.63 47.24 37.52 45.71 47.34 45.74 47.25 49.64 49.48 46.51 50.06 48.97 49.8 49.94 47 49.28 49.83 46.96 47.5 51.4 45.97 46.31 47.33 47.29 50.71 51.39 48.61 47.4 47.95 51.42 49.08 45.3 47.46 47.45 47.52 48 47.97 47.75 49.24 48.89 50.34 50.25 48.05 49.35 47.99 48.57 50.31 48.48 48.9 50.29 48.7 50.45 350.19 1111.6 2298.13 2353.37 2374.42 1104.85 1104.5 2818.53 2366.81 1111.43 1119.9 1204.23 2353.19 2542.64 2395.27 1204.6 2431.28 2361.12 2404.29 1168.75 1458.77 2484.56 2353.15 2414.15 2527.35 2411.63 2412.02 2479.85 2411.55 498.46 1205.41 1128.67 1139.26 2312.26 2308.86 542.48 2368.83 1205.21 542.47 2370.98 524.74 2428.23 2322.14 2434.65 2343.15 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 RB NAME Hay RB Hay RB N_Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB N_Hay RB Hay RB Hay RB Peace RB Peace RB Hay RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Hay RB Hay RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Hay RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Hay RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB 60
92 93 94 Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB 376.69 376.69 382.73 6.24 6.24 4.01 PCP 367.93 376.08 376.69 376.08 389.84 373.32 376.08 376.08 412.65 373 414.71 376.69 393.02 415.69 376.78 376.69 375.74 393.02 375.74 376.69 375.74 422.15 422.15 377.54 376.69 373.98 406.59 376.69 435.07 422.15 383.16 420.19 397.79 422.15 381.59 420.25 397.79 397.79 376.02 435.07 435.07 373.64 375.74 375.51 TMAX 4.08 4.79 6.24 4.79 4.01 5.14 4.79 4.79 6.08 4.27 6.12 6.24 3.62 5.59 4.65 6.24 6.21 3.62 6.21 6.24 6.21 5.97 5.97 6.16 6.24 6.26 6.07 6.24 5.94 5.97 6.2 5.31 6.85 5.97 4.45 6.32 6.85 6.85 4.55 5.94 5.94 6.17 6.21 5.08 ‐5.01 ‐5.01 ‐7.19 330.69 330.75 338.87 127.53 125.78 136.76 47.29 47.3 45.17 50.17 50.23 48.12 2322.16 2320.92 2392.13 ET 45.13 45.91 47.35 46.07 45.45 46.06 45.97 45.93 47.29 44.58 47.26 45.72 43.39 47.37 45.71 47.8 47.08 44.42 47.14 47.5 47.13 48.63 48.25 46.93 47.44 46.49 46.55 47.69 49.25 49.57 47.49 47.4 46.95 48.25 46.01 47.63 46.86 46.94 130.42 48.91 49.21 46.83 47.77 46.05 PET 48.19 49.34 50.25 49.08 48.82 49.44 48.99 48.82 50.25 47.78 50.56 50.63 46.35 50.25 48.98 51.17 50.02 47.35 50.28 50.41 50.07 51.57 51.32 49.98 50.36 50.86 49.48 50.69 52.28 52.65 50.58 50.62 49.97 51.2 49.66 50.18 49.89 49.96 188.84 51.15 52.29 49.99 50.38 49.29 SW 1168.12 2397.11 2322.13 2450.7 2486.86 1755.32 2379.41 1740.71 2371.52 2481.45 2364.28 2317.04 2427.67 2373.28 1137.65 2308.73 2321.2 2476.32 2321.17 2308.89 2321.16 2388.81 2350 2305.74 2308.91 2298.73 2368.55 2308.8 1381.54 1353.98 2308.73 2364.4 2308.17 2417.2 3641.77 2369.42 2308.17 2331.74 0.13 2374.12 1381.4 3017.71 2303.6 3087.57 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 RB NAME Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB TMIN ‐6.83 ‐6.37 ‐5.01 ‐6.37 ‐7.05 ‐6.29 ‐6.37 ‐6.37 ‐6.86 ‐7.05 ‐6.89 ‐5.01 ‐7.45 ‐7.11 ‐6.49 ‐5.01 ‐5.07 ‐7.45 ‐5.07 ‐5.01 ‐5.07 ‐6.38 ‐6.38 ‐5.15 ‐5.01 ‐5.26 ‐7.05 ‐5.01 ‐6.05 ‐6.38 ‐6.1 ‐7.05 ‐6.3 ‐6.38 ‐6.45 ‐6.96 ‐6.3 ‐6.3 ‐6.43 ‐6.05 ‐6.05 ‐5.22 ‐5.07 ‐6.58 BLUE 324.92 330.69 330.6 331.09 345.66 328.66 330.5 330.48 365.5 329.95 367.75 332.23 350.06 368.74 332.4 330.14 329.9 349.29 329.81 330.46 329.9 373.9 374.49 331.39 330.56 328.15 360.02 330.31 386.28 373.18 336.18 372.46 351.25 374.23 337.66 372.68 351.33 351.16 3.15 386.8 386.41 328.15 329.36 329.77 DA 180.8 151.63 129.15 188.08 187.41 161.74 135.84 138.18 172.5 191.6 174.17 124.71 130.27 171.45 184.8 140.67 130.78 175.16 129.86 140.51 129.59 151.85 139.27 145.66 139.3 127.67 143 140.69 155.98 138.98 147.64 138.64 144.7 207.75 88.19 148.31 143.57 134.7 1.65 136.12 155.42 93.48 169.85 94.33 61
139 140 141 Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB 376.78 379.76 379.76 4.65 5.98 5.98 ‐6.49 ‐5.51 ‐5.51 352.87 333.53 333.51 119.34 79.79 80.4 7.77 46.74 46.74 48.48 49.69 49.4 53.92 3004.81 3004.81 PCP 375.95 397.79 376.02 422.15 414.71 387.21 385.79 376.02 387.21 396.53 379.76 421.4 373.64 375.74 395.6 385.79 381.59 394.67 422.15 422.15 435.07 391.5 391.5 435.07 394.67 422.15 435.07 435.07 391.5 435.07 396.53 435.07 435.07 392.16 414.81 414.81 393.1 426.92 401.78 394.02 395.6 441.91 435.07 408.17 TMAX 5.02 6.85 4.55 5.97 6.12 5.64 6.68 4.55 5.64 5.22 5.98 5.75 6.17 6.21 6.07 6.68 4.45 6.26 5.97 5.97 5.94 5.1 5.1 5.94 6.26 5.97 5.94 5.94 5.1 5.94 5.22 5.94 5.94 5.38 5.96 5.96 6.32 5.84 4.76 7.04 6.07 7.48 5.94 5.25 TMIN ‐6.47 ‐6.3 ‐6.43 ‐6.38 ‐6.89 ‐5.96 ‐5.79 ‐6.43 ‐5.96 ‐6.5 ‐5.51 ‐6.93 ‐5.22 ‐5.07 ‐5.4 ‐5.79 ‐6.45 ‐5.14 ‐6.38 ‐6.38 ‐6.05 ‐6.29 ‐6.29 ‐6.05 ‐5.14 ‐6.38 ‐6.05 ‐6.05 ‐6.29 ‐6.05 ‐6.5 ‐6.05 ‐6.05 ‐6.25 ‐6.91 ‐6.91 ‐5.12 ‐6.73 ‐6.43 ‐5.57 ‐5.4 ‐4.56 ‐6.05 ‐6.16 BLUE 2.97 350.79 2.92 374.64 366.66 339.94 337.81 2.62 340.9 350.69 333.43 372.97 327.01 328.74 348.79 338.02 336.9 347.56 373.63 373.72 385.81 2.6 357.78 386.6 347.8 373.83 386.67 386.56 345.97 385.9 349.25 387.1 387.34 357.17 368.82 368.84 345.24 378.43 355.54 346.93 349.31 392.15 387.22 361.48 DA 1.47 134.15 1.41 175.63 171.21 83.05 132.74 1.27 82.95 97.12 94.28 172.29 81.8 144.56 105.07 139.84 94.68 172.72 139.17 140.17 162.73 1.23 106.35 150.16 175.77 175.21 150.06 150.32 95.97 148.27 86.56 139.12 135.24 105.95 149.31 148.87 178.26 147.84 87.4 135.94 134.54 145.18 141.16 161.94 ET 131.5 47 130.66 48.03 47.88 47.04 48.43 130.72 46.63 45.46 46.69 47.93 47.07 47.66 47.15 48.21 46.17 47.54 48.42 48.4 49.23 131.88 35.06 48.55 47.3 48.59 48.58 48.71 46.88 49.46 46.85 48.54 48.36 34.81 46.06 46.03 48.48 48.47 46.64 48.11 47.54 49.76 48.53 47.64 PET 190.01 49.38 189.22 50.57 51.13 50.38 51.03 189.32 48.98 48.24 49.44 50.59 50.5 50.3 50.38 50.88 49.19 50.11 51.5 51.51 52.42 191.12 49.02 51.34 50.58 51.65 51.82 51.8 49.98 52.1 49.95 51.1 51.39 49.81 48.86 49.09 51.68 51.65 49.73 50.66 50.58 52.55 51.63 50.69 SW 5.41 2331.67 0.13 2359.05 2363.86 3017.97 2314.12 0.13 2210 3086.99 3026.46 2377.5 2991.88 2308.73 3026.54 2299.45 3738.59 2309.6 2370.83 2349.87 1382.77 5.78 415.85 2390.34 2309.26 2360.07 2390.16 2368.41 3702.9 1379.57 2518.88 2374.51 2396.58 385.1 2378.56 2378.59 2318.37 2383.56 2653.76 2355.05 3057.51 2344.51 2374.29 2361.59 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 RB NAME Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB 62
186 187 188 Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB 397.79 397.41 426.92 6.85 5.56 5.84 ‐6.3 ‐6.17 ‐6.73 PCP 441.91 394.67 408.17 394.67 435.07 435.07 394.96 408.12 395.73 401.78 435.07 441.91 401.78 465.47 414.81 408.12 392.16 441.91 441.91 441.91 441.91 441.91 408.14 424.41 404.44 441.91 441.91 401.78 417.78 441.91 441.91 394.96 404.44 391.35 411.48 441.91 435.07 426.92 441.91 410.21 392.16 402.78 465.47 441.91 TMAX 7.48 6.26 5.25 6.26 5.94 5.94 7.3 6.56 5.22 4.76 5.94 7.48 4.76 7.61 5.96 6.56 5.38 7.48 7.48 7.48 7.48 7.48 6.38 4.81 7.1 7.48 7.48 4.76 6.62 7.48 7.48 7.3 7.1 7.68 5.54 7.48 5.94 5.84 7.48 6.97 5.38 6.92 7.61 7.48 TMIN ‐4.56 ‐5.14 ‐6.16 ‐5.14 ‐6.05 ‐6.05 ‐5.91 ‐6.51 ‐6.62 ‐6.43 ‐6.05 ‐4.56 ‐6.43 ‐4.21 ‐6.91 ‐6.51 ‐6.25 ‐4.56 ‐4.56 ‐4.56 ‐4.56 ‐4.56 ‐5.61 ‐6.8 ‐5.44 ‐4.56 ‐4.56 ‐6.43 ‐5.61 ‐4.56 ‐4.56 ‐5.91 ‐5.44 ‐5.09 ‐5.98 ‐4.56 ‐6.05 ‐6.73 ‐4.56 ‐5.41 ‐6.25 ‐4.71 ‐4.21 ‐4.56 350.84 350.23 378.37 134.79 139.06 149.49 47.45 47.84 48.68 50.55 50.81 51.66 2370.08 2338.79 2383.37 PET 54.27 50.63 50.63 50.88 51.65 51.73 50.86 50.62 49.75 49.79 50.78 52.83 50.2 52.8 49.33 50.58 50.23 52.72 53.08 53.08 53.19 53.15 51.7 49.38 51.62 53.04 52.92 50.32 50.95 53.79 52.89 51.13 52.42 51.93 50.92 52.88 51.87 51.25 52.72 51.4 50.62 50.87 52.6 53.26 SW 2329.66 2309.12 2346.53 2343.59 2368.95 2368.44 2307.21 2354.49 396.37 2646.27 2374.5 2315.37 2647.26 1361.99 2378.44 2381.16 3693.37 1333.15 1333.21 2315.32 1333.19 2344.39 2318.97 3149.2 2358.46 2344.49 2315.35 2645.7 2338.21 2314.97 2315.3 2366.44 2364.49 2301.73 2357.24 2315.32 2353.52 2404.36 2364.04 2366.47 3694.03 2316.9 2356.18 2344.36 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 RB NAME Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB BLUE 390.96 348.01 361.64 348.17 387.38 387.33 349.25 361.57 361.3 355.25 387.67 392.12 355.17 415.82 368.95 363.47 345.66 391.81 392.17 392.09 392.03 392.16 360.29 378.81 358.69 392.01 392.11 355.24 369.96 391.38 392.07 347.43 355.91 343.07 363.76 392.24 387.17 378.99 392.4 363.44 345.84 355.14 416.57 392.07 DA 78.59 177.07 139.24 187.65 183.64 151.76 133.72 149.15 82.73 85.4 139.45 157.61 86.68 160.29 152.41 128.63 98.7 157.76 159.62 153.63 160.14 143.4 149.18 137.1 128.41 144.7 156.64 89.84 155.82 133.55 150.89 134.22 134.99 140.79 161.63 152.18 138.55 136.06 142.64 214.98 99.99 157.91 161.45 143.32 ET 51.29 47.79 47.36 47.84 48.31 48.5 46.28 47.56 34.87 47.09 48.26 49.82 46.99 50.19 46.16 45.7 47.19 50.13 49.83 49.88 50.05 49.95 48.61 46.26 46.63 50.03 49.84 47.09 48.35 50.74 49.91 48.05 49.41 48.91 47.91 49.86 48.81 48.24 49.75 48.26 46.98 48.29 49.54 50.07 63
233 234 235 Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB 441.91 425.21 413.83 7.48 5.92 5.86 ‐4.56 ‐5.55 ‐6.15 392.02 377.19 366.15 148.31 167.5 100.28 49.88 48.39 48.83 52.98 51.52 51.92 2314.04 2337.07 3707.56 PCP 391.35 429.25 410.37 410.37 441.91 441.91 416.74 441.91 441.91 441.91 441.91 391.35 413.83 416.74 420.17 417.78 429.25 429.72 391.35 404.44 465.47 465.47 465.47 409.18 414.29 410.21 424.7 421.07 441.91 445.53 429.25 445.95 438 422.46 422.46 422.46 495.41 495.41 440.06 437.53 441.91 398.23 465.47 422.46 TMAX 7.68 4.9 6.75 6.75 7.48 7.48 5.5 7.48 7.48 7.48 7.48 7.68 5.86 5.5 7.32 6.62 4.9 6.74 7.68 7.1 7.61 7.61 7.61 7.39 5.61 6.97 6.58 7.44 5.82 7.14 4.9 7.42 6.22 6.67 6.67 6.67 8.43 8.43 6.44 5.32 5.82 7.78 7.61 6.67 TMIN ‐5.09 ‐6.56 ‐4.76 ‐4.76 ‐4.56 ‐4.56 ‐6.25 ‐4.56 ‐4.56 ‐4.56 ‐4.56 ‐5.09 ‐6.15 ‐6.25 ‐4.47 ‐5.61 ‐6.56 ‐5.15 ‐5.09 ‐5.44 ‐4.21 ‐4.21 ‐4.21 ‐4.1 ‐6.55 ‐5.41 ‐5.51 ‐4.95 ‐6.38 ‐4.93 ‐6.56 ‐3.96 ‐6.04 ‐5.93 ‐5.93 ‐5.93 ‐3.73 ‐3.73 ‐5.06 ‐6.18 ‐6.38 ‐4.29 ‐4.21 ‐5.93 BLUE 343.03 383.19 362.29 362.43 392.24 392.23 368.28 392.66 392.12 392.41 392.17 342.78 366.13 368.73 371.03 369.23 383.07 381.89 342.63 355.82 416.24 415.39 416.84 359.99 365.75 363.12 376.17 371.3 392.85 397.37 382.99 396.71 389.35 372.83 373.27 373.17 445.58 444.75 390.33 390.21 394.39 349.12 416.25 373.3 DA 147.52 92.58 186.49 211.76 146.26 148.4 89.36 144.27 150.66 142.41 151.26 141.54 99.78 89.58 154.69 143.53 94.67 155.84 144.84 134.38 157.74 176.62 151.24 140.12 86.58 144.39 158.91 139.73 98.02 157.2 87.83 149 92.54 89.17 88.61 87.57 175.24 172.21 171.48 166.8 104.48 139.5 154.18 87.55 ET 49.14 47.03 48.52 48.47 49.81 49.88 48.82 49.47 49.91 49.66 49.88 49.22 48.88 48.33 49.46 48.89 47.11 48.5 49.45 49.45 49.87 50.69 49.42 49.95 48.41 48.46 49.1 50.04 48.4 48.63 47.2 49.53 49.27 49.66 49.52 49.62 49.93 50.85 49.97 47.92 48 49.79 49.92 49.53 PET 51.68 50.15 51.07 51.67 53.38 53 51.95 52.03 52.98 52.74 52.97 52.31 51.87 50.91 52.02 52.02 50.26 51.07 52.57 52.43 52.87 53.92 52.62 53.05 51.53 51 52.2 53.08 51.54 51.26 50.44 52.07 52.52 52.3 52.15 52.27 52.56 54.12 53.19 51.08 51.19 52.44 52.97 52.71 SW 2301.67 2728.87 2309.99 2339.36 2325.38 2314.05 2243.42 2309.56 2311.88 2364.01 2311.9 2301.62 3707.55 2243.63 2311.32 2326.62 2727.66 2320.67 2301.55 2364.49 2356.65 1362.81 2394.34 2348.92 2512.8 2321.71 2336.77 2354.09 2510.84 2329.02 2734.34 2361.63 2221.17 2484.47 2200.68 2200.66 2384.64 1382.14 2334.31 2385.33 3068.96 2353.84 2356.43 2200.66 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 RB NAME Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB 64
280 281 282 Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB 398.23 422.46 465.47 7.78 6.67 7.61 ‐4.29 ‐5.93 ‐4.21 348.8 373.24 417 137.76 88.83 151.01 50.13 49.61 49.28 52.94 52.7 51.88 2354.27 2200.7 2389.67 PCP 420.17 429.25 420.17 429.72 420.17 438.89 398.23 465.47 438.89 420.88 398.23 448.24 448.24 438.89 445.95 433.33 495.41 455.08 435.58 465.47 495.41 422.46 449.91 430.3 449.91 438 448.97 449.91 409.18 398.23 465.47 442.83 444.68 450.96 426.37 434.11 495.41 449.91 438.89 495.41 495.41 433.33 452.88 454.41 TMAX 7.32 4.9 7.32 6.74 7.32 7.9 7.78 7.61 7.9 7.33 7.78 7.45 7.45 7.9 7.42 6.57 8.43 5.11 6.52 7.61 8.43 6.67 8.28 7.2 8.28 6.22 7.46 8.28 7.39 7.78 7.61 5.53 6.55 6.61 7.22 8.06 8.43 8.28 7.9 8.43 8.43 6.57 7.6 6.87 TMIN ‐4.47 ‐6.56 ‐4.47 ‐5.15 ‐4.47 ‐3.19 ‐4.29 ‐4.21 ‐3.19 ‐4.42 ‐4.29 ‐4.46 ‐4.46 ‐3.19 ‐3.96 ‐4.99 ‐3.73 ‐6.51 ‐5.26 ‐4.21 ‐3.73 ‐5.93 ‐2.99 ‐3.78 ‐2.99 ‐6.04 ‐4.65 ‐2.99 ‐4.1 ‐4.29 ‐4.21 ‐6.4 ‐5.49 ‐5.66 ‐4.84 ‐3.79 ‐3.73 ‐2.99 ‐3.19 ‐3.73 ‐3.73 ‐4.99 ‐4.33 ‐5.3 BLUE 371.01 382.58 370.7 381.39 370.85 391.12 349.03 416.43 389.43 374.21 349.09 398.07 398.47 390.45 396.71 383.15 445.18 408.12 385.43 416.2 444.58 373.21 402.98 383.26 401.07 389.27 398.88 402.92 362.29 350.56 416.19 394.45 394.64 401.02 377.99 387.19 445.03 402.85 388.44 444.02 445.13 383.06 403.57 404.16 DA 195.98 89.5 193.05 154.35 193.53 138.53 142.65 153.39 136.41 137.3 139.32 162.35 207.41 138.76 149.36 155.6 176.08 97.63 188.34 152.42 173.46 90.26 143.41 136.11 142.58 90.87 160.97 139.98 132.72 130.95 159.93 140.76 114.39 148.33 161.29 142.18 181.27 142.55 144.21 185.3 179.56 195.56 158.24 97.94 ET 49.62 47.47 49.86 48.76 49.88 48.52 50.07 49.84 50.23 47.7 49.88 50.13 49.95 49.14 49.63 50.09 50.34 48.42 50.02 50.13 51.18 49.77 48.18 47.72 50.08 49.44 50.38 48.18 47.77 48.61 50.25 48.82 49.94 50.12 49.11 47.86 50.58 48.3 51.3 51.74 50.35 50.44 49.65 50.22 PET 52.97 50.89 52.39 52.02 52.99 53.66 53.12 52.85 53.37 52.63 52.97 53.19 53.3 54.37 52.72 53.27 53.46 51.72 52.7 53.2 54.39 53.01 53.16 53.14 53.18 52.6 52.98 53.69 53.16 53.37 53.3 52.1 53.03 52.85 52.04 53.35 53.72 53.91 54.44 54.88 53.63 53.65 52.88 53.4 SW 2319.16 2726.4 2321.34 2320.58 2321.33 2301.79 2304.88 2394.41 2343.06 2344.84 2353.79 2318.76 2326.29 2339.88 2361.55 2318.56 2384.39 2771.81 2319.5 2394.19 1382.01 2200.61 2337.97 2346.96 2343.06 2221.06 2323.5 2337.9 2342.41 2346.73 2394.01 3121.08 3027.24 3066.1 2334.03 2310.33 2385.29 2337.93 2361.63 1382.73 2385.31 2321.42 2327.84 2205.84 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 RB NAME Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB 65
327 328 329 Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB 452.8 495.41 454.41 6.33 8.43 6.87 ‐5.66 ‐3.73 ‐5.3 403.8 444.9 404.16 148.22 182.44 93.42 49.95 50.72 50.19 52.67 53.6 53.46 3070.98 2385.31 2205.74 PCP 454.85 434.11 455.08 455.08 454.41 454.41 453.56 427.42 444.48 449.91 455.08 444.48 488.21 440.06 455.08 455.08 448.36 554.28 454.41 452.8 452.8 449.91 455.08 427.42 470.82 448.36 427.42 452.97 477.34 554.28 444.48 479.2 448.24 448.36 554.28 470.82 448.36 455.08 450.96 452.88 483.61 451.86 554.28 487.17 TMAX 6.71 8.06 5.11 5.11 6.87 6.87 6.84 8.57 7.18 8.28 5.11 7.18 5.93 6.44 5.11 5.11 5.98 8.48 6.87 6.33 6.33 8.28 5.11 8.57 7.58 5.98 8.57 7.16 8.6 8.48 7.18 7.77 7.45 5.98 8.48 7.58 5.98 5.11 6.61 7.6 7.36 7.02 8.48 7.72 TMIN ‐5.6 ‐3.79 ‐6.51 ‐6.51 ‐5.3 ‐5.3 ‐5 ‐3.33 ‐4.37 ‐2.99 ‐6.51 ‐4.37 ‐6.16 ‐5.06 ‐6.51 ‐6.51 ‐5.75 ‐3.7 ‐5.3 ‐5.66 ‐5.66 ‐2.99 ‐6.51 ‐3.33 ‐4.59 ‐5.75 ‐3.33 ‐4.4 ‐3.68 ‐3.7 ‐4.37 ‐4.52 ‐4.46 ‐5.75 ‐3.7 ‐4.59 ‐5.75 ‐6.51 ‐5.66 ‐4.33 ‐4.39 ‐5.06 ‐3.7 ‐4.39 BLUE 404.61 387.26 407.94 407.8 403.99 404.37 403.48 376.87 393.81 399.89 407.8 393.78 438.12 389.99 407.64 407.79 399.67 503.45 403.66 402.86 403.51 399.95 407.66 376.48 420.67 400.19 376.85 402.2 425.83 501.74 393.72 429.13 398.53 400.24 503.8 428.17 400.26 407.67 401.18 405.74 432.72 401.19 502.28 435.73 DA 95.82 143.2 143.2 142.38 139.93 101.25 206.58 159.75 202.64 149.02 139.76 202.49 152.18 177.48 137.44 143.95 96.55 217.05 145 109.52 140.8 158.34 144.13 157.16 166.14 146.79 144.44 209.61 161.62 216.47 203.54 170.35 240.25 93.99 207.51 151.57 140.28 143.37 104.22 150.21 223.95 115.3 192.1 186.5 ET 50.11 47.9 48.17 48.27 50.38 50.07 50.63 50.98 51 51.13 48.33 50.93 50.37 50.55 48.36 48.36 49.7 50.81 50.55 49.93 50.12 50.97 48.36 51.41 50.2 49.26 51.08 51.29 52.12 52.49 51.05 50.63 50.31 49.38 50.48 42.49 49.39 48.64 50.03 47.8 51.24 51.12 52.3 51.6 PET 52.81 52.9 51.57 51.43 53.29 53.07 53.54 54.28 54.39 54.46 51.7 54.06 53.78 53.5 51.79 51.5 52.68 53.53 53.99 52.82 52.81 53.78 51.72 54.28 53.32 52.69 54.01 54.42 55.54 55.81 54.72 53.97 53.57 53.3 53.11 54.01 52.6 51.75 52.98 52.39 54.66 54.78 55.09 54.93 SW 2202.35 2343.61 879.87 879.81 3064.08 3029.65 2322.6 2303.53 2318.37 2360.49 879.49 2318.38 3104.33 2334.06 878.69 879.73 2219.79 1407.22 3064.04 3035.33 3070.88 2307.48 879.7 2303.36 2330.1 784.74 2342.49 2324.88 2360.04 1406.83 2318.35 2329.1 2364.03 2600.52 2410.08 160.97 3087.28 879.42 2204.48 2359.71 2329.6 3028.96 1405.38 2339.57 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 RB NAME Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB 66
374 375 376 Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB 448.36 434.11 444.48 5.98 8.06 7.18 ‐5.75 ‐3.79 ‐4.37 399.9 387.44 393.61 104.66 140.2 205.32 49.75 48.13 51.25 53 53.16 54.6 2710.09 2343.5 2318.31 PCP 474.19 452.8 495.41 495.41 483.14 462.07 474.19 519.95 451.86 467.47 474.18 471.45 462.07 467.47 519.95 554.28 465.72 488.21 462.07 470.82 485.77 455.81 465.72 465.72 499.02 483.14 455.81 514.11 454.53 448.36 554.28 554.28 554.28 499.02 554.28 554.28 499.02 502.36 554.28 674.66 477.34 474.19 485.77 499.02 TMAX 8.76 6.33 8.43 8.43 7.18 8.27 8.76 8.66 7.02 6.91 6.54 7.15 8.27 6.91 8.66 8.48 8.83 5.93 8.27 7.58 8.27 8.22 8.83 8.83 8.11 7.18 8.22 8.83 6.64 5.98 8.48 8.48 8.48 8.11 8.48 8.48 8.11 8.88 8.48 6.02 8.6 8.76 8.27 8.11 TMIN ‐3.16 ‐5.66 ‐3.73 ‐3.73 ‐4.68 ‐3.42 ‐3.16 ‐3.86 ‐5.06 ‐5.24 ‐5.63 ‐4.67 ‐3.42 ‐5.24 ‐3.86 ‐3.7 ‐3.58 ‐6.16 ‐3.42 ‐4.59 ‐3.7 ‐3.62 ‐3.58 ‐3.58 ‐4.22 ‐4.68 ‐3.62 ‐4 ‐5.4 ‐5.75 ‐3.7 ‐3.7 ‐3.7 ‐4.22 ‐3.7 ‐3.7 ‐4.22 ‐3.75 ‐3.7 ‐4.8 ‐3.68 ‐3.16 ‐3.7 ‐4.22 BLUE 422.33 403.77 447.72 447.55 432.95 411.33 423.07 470.32 401.75 417.56 423.57 420.6 413.33 417.49 470.26 504.38 416.41 437.2 413.42 433.64 448.63 405.37 414.81 417.23 467.72 432.68 405.69 462.98 405.66 400.04 503.37 503.45 503.94 467.86 503.81 503.52 467.81 451.44 502.71 629.41 426.92 422.58 434.55 447.51 DA 160.63 143 159.59 161.17 223.45 154.29 159.47 176.38 96.52 97.05 156.54 210.8 159.11 117.49 180.95 191.07 159.07 101.55 162.01 101.4 106.35 167.04 157.52 151.9 110.26 218.76 156.71 174.69 145.14 145.71 217.74 211.19 204 108.04 197.05 203.63 108.18 176.14 205.16 227.68 160.24 162.75 166.78 105.96 ET 52.06 50.16 48.17 48.24 50.75 51.38 51.46 50.29 50.87 50.89 50.53 51.38 49.45 50.87 50.56 49.92 49.85 49.8 49.43 37.55 38.01 51.42 51.48 49.08 31.47 51.2 50.9 51.52 50.67 49.89 51.11 51.11 50.48 31.5 50.71 50.98 31.52 51.5 51.73 46.19 51.79 52.22 51.8 51.5 PET 55.42 53.44 53.16 53.63 54.24 54.87 54.56 53.51 54.14 53.58 53.26 54.34 54.78 54.29 53.29 53.18 55.1 53.1 53.98 53.56 53.61 54.19 54.67 55.03 53.94 53.99 54.55 54.75 53.99 52.83 54.04 54.63 53.93 54.12 53.53 54.37 54.15 54.27 55.06 49.71 55.23 55.42 55.06 54.72 SW 2359.99 3070.88 2399.76 2399.76 2335.74 2387.15 2360.19 2418.67 2205.61 2206.03 3073.09 2336.07 2333.98 3033.36 2377.53 2391.57 2325.16 3030.07 2334.01 131.57 131.78 2333.41 1696.34 1694.34 136.9 2337.31 1693.64 2409.62 3067.27 3087.24 1407.09 1406.68 2409.91 136.89 2408.83 2409.74 136.88 2362.53 2409.48 1521.72 2385.59 2359.89 2363.37 2486.34 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 RB NAME Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB 67
421 422 423 Athabasca RB Athabasca RB N_Beaver 453.56 466.53 451.31 6.84 7.06 6.49 PCP 451.31 510.92 479.2 451.31 454.53 517.56 451.31 451.31 465.81 454.53 465.81 517.56 510.92 514.11 471.24 451.31 474.19 674.66 514.11 502.36 502.36 591.97 464.27 464.27 471.24 499.02 485.94 487.75 506.77 528.59 506.77 487.75 528.59 497.01 511.79 506.77 482.89 471.24 506.77 533.04 540.65 506.77 487.75 528.59 TMAX 6.49 8.23 7.77 6.49 6.64 8.1 6.49 6.49 7.28 6.64 7.28 8.1 8.23 8.83 6.35 6.49 8.76 6.02 8.83 8.88 8.88 7.36 6.22 6.22 6.35 8.11 6.69 6.48 7.89 9.36 7.89 6.48 9.36 7.77 7.56 7.89 6.51 6.35 7.89 8.86 9.04 7.89 6.48 9.36 ‐5 ‐4.88 ‐5.36 403.74 416.86 400.1 119.42 117.76 158.6 50.8 50.97 50.85 53.76 53.96 53.66 3028.44 3030.92 2466.82 ET 50.49 51.9 7.41 50.55 50.9 140.98 50.59 50.35 50.96 50.8 51.6 51.9 52.57 51.85 50.26 50.73 52.17 46.85 52.08 51.93 51.86 49.64 50.37 50.59 50.55 51.45 51.41 50.86 51.64 53.63 51.76 50.79 53.64 52.04 51.5 51.45 50.97 50.67 51.82 52.11 53.15 51.77 51.02 54.1 PET 53.69 55.11 53.64 53.69 53.83 203.84 52.94 53.66 54.45 53.6 54.53 54.68 55.39 54.59 53.64 53.44 55.1 50.2 55.61 55.26 55.15 53 53.89 53.38 53.52 54.44 54.18 53.94 54.67 56.32 55.14 53.58 56.61 55.44 54.19 54.44 53.71 53.65 54.73 54.85 56.49 55.18 53.81 57.14 SW 2469.27 2486.25 51.2 3062.59 3067.21 387.4 2469.14 2469.38 3023.31 3032.03 3023.15 2490.32 2492.35 2347.98 3014.92 3062.49 2386.21 1523.19 2362.01 2362.31 2362.28 2446.89 3015.54 3074.07 3074.95 2489.29 3071.38 3073.68 3019.04 2368.08 3016.4 3073.71 2368.03 3016.3 2489.1 3012.64 3077.92 3074.9 3016.35 2393.96 2409.24 3016.35 3073.61 2407.93 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 RB NAME N_Beaver Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB N_Beaver N_Beaver Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB TMIN ‐5.36 ‐4.42 ‐4.52 ‐5.36 ‐5.4 ‐4.42 ‐5.36 ‐5.36 ‐4.82 ‐5.4 ‐4.82 ‐4.42 ‐4.42 ‐4 ‐5.7 ‐5.36 ‐3.16 ‐4.8 ‐4 ‐3.75 ‐3.75 ‐3.94 ‐5.56 ‐5.56 ‐5.7 ‐4.22 ‐5.39 ‐5.66 ‐4.81 ‐2.83 ‐4.81 ‐5.66 ‐2.83 ‐4.69 ‐4.38 ‐4.81 ‐5.66 ‐5.7 ‐4.81 ‐3.3 ‐3.51 ‐4.81 ‐5.66 ‐2.83 BLUE 400.74 459.44 454.52 402.41 405.7 4.02 400.25 400.42 415.17 405.1 414.52 465.21 458.07 462.49 420.09 401.68 422.12 628.03 462.11 450.44 450.47 542.65 414.23 415.18 421.13 447.2 435.21 437.36 454.54 474.91 454.53 437.6 474.97 445.21 461.23 455.12 432.98 421.39 454.45 480.97 487.61 454.24 437.34 474.54 DA 169.46 111.74 155.71 144.97 145.81 1.81 168.08 169.03 120.15 110.97 119.55 108.67 108.01 193.62 94.92 148.27 159.18 243.6 178.43 174.48 172.5 213.92 98.35 148.31 149.79 106.46 155.16 157.93 108.94 181.33 105.97 158.77 178.69 106.83 107.73 105.93 153.03 148.72 104.64 204.11 185.93 104.34 158.07 198.49 68
468 469 470 Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB 471.24 535.82 563.25 6.35 8.93 8.39 ‐5.7 ‐3.19 ‐3.88 PCP 517.56 451.31 464.27 596.53 464.27 464.27 535.82 596.53 471.24 464.27 486.36 533.04 591.97 518.29 782.76 518.29 508.69 506.77 688.43 473.72 465.81 518.29 483.02 464.27 479.41 688.43 483.02 483.02 508.69 670.16 486.36 584.1 782.76 688.43 485.67 497.01 478.06 512.85 478.06 485.78 485.78 477.22 478.06 518.29 TMAX 8.1 6.49 6.22 8.75 6.22 6.22 8.93 8.75 6.35 6.22 7.11 8.86 7.36 8.42 4.79 8.42 8.69 7.89 6.12 7.55 7.28 8.42 7.34 6.22 6.83 6.12 7.34 7.34 8.69 5.84 7.11 9.24 4.79 6.12 6.99 7.77 7.53 8.22 7.53 7.9 7.9 7.65 7.53 8.42 TMIN ‐4.42 ‐5.36 ‐5.56 ‐3.57 ‐5.56 ‐5.56 ‐3.19 ‐3.57 ‐5.7 ‐5.56 ‐5 ‐3.3 ‐3.94 ‐4.67 ‐5.24 ‐4.67 ‐4.31 ‐4.81 ‐4.36 ‐4.41 ‐4.82 ‐4.67 ‐4.68 ‐5.56 ‐5.28 ‐4.36 ‐4.68 ‐4.68 ‐4.31 ‐5.18 ‐5 ‐3.16 ‐5.24 ‐4.36 ‐5.08 ‐4.69 ‐4.37 ‐3.91 ‐4.37 ‐3.19 ‐3.19 ‐4.19 ‐4.37 ‐4.67 420.98 482.2 511.47 149.11 199.43 213.38 50.96 53.75 51.7 54.38 56.67 55.1 3074.81 2411.61 2398.41 PET 56.38 53.36 53.58 54.8 53.86 53.8 57.12 55.89 54.49 53.82 54.74 56.13 52.9 56.28 46.99 56.58 55.57 54.71 49.46 55.56 54.42 55.71 54.6 53.68 54.68 50.19 55.4 54.62 55.52 50.62 55.28 57.24 48.99 51.36 55.13 55.07 54.91 55.69 54.95 55.92 55.61 54.94 54.85 55.79 SW 2493.7 2207.62 2480.66 2396.89 60.32 2222.91 2381.57 2396.59 3074.79 2480.49 3073.52 2393.08 1397.68 2489.76 1677.67 3044.74 2483.15 2490.97 1460.38 3001.73 3064.61 2488.42 3033.21 2480.43 3066.21 1461 3007.29 3003.6 3012.33 1538.46 3008.22 2431.26 1672.1 1522.15 3010.01 3014.75 3002.82 3007.47 3003.52 3002.12 3001.25 3001.67 2472.79 2488.32 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 RB NAME Athabasca RB N_Beaver N_Beaver Peace RB N_Beaver N_Beaver Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB N_Beaver Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB N_Beaver Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Peace RB Peace RB Peace RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB BLUE 464.38 400.45 412.77 544.8 431.72 412.33 482.27 544.01 421.33 412.33 435.21 480.05 543.5 465.71 740.63 466.12 456.35 454.94 643.01 421.96 415.11 466.02 433.49 412.17 428.44 642.48 431.05 431.56 455.93 621.95 434.36 530.21 739.39 642.19 434.37 445.38 426.06 459.61 425.98 433.05 433.34 425.13 426.54 465.41 DA 110.62 165.98 162.77 223.54 149.45 170.69 196.57 224.49 152.92 163.17 159.45 205.16 185.63 109.09 254.75 129.57 105.15 109.26 195.59 102.31 151.06 106.84 100.51 162.82 153.42 202.71 100.25 99.89 107.72 250.37 100.84 233.92 229.92 223.27 103.24 107.89 96.06 105.55 101.16 100.37 102.62 101.41 97.03 108.24 ET 52.94 50.57 50.24 51.58 8.07 50.4 53.85 52.49 50.99 50.76 51.52 53.06 49.54 52.87 44.11 52.97 52.77 51.98 46.73 51.92 51.68 52.73 50.25 50.87 51.48 47.23 51.97 51.68 52.85 47.79 51.76 54.52 45.18 47.76 51.64 52.38 52.21 53.01 52.15 53.19 52.92 52.23 52.15 53.11 69
515 516 517 Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB 508.69 478.06 478.97 8.69 7.53 7.74 PCP 583.83 456.65 577.74 604.2 580.47 580.47 481.64 581.91 583.83 568.77 490.67 572.76 568.77 508.69 490.67 456.65 456.65 501.28 540.7 568.77 575.15 503.73 461.74 444.49 581.91 738.66 437.9 477.22 461.41 437.9 501.28 503.73 437.9 437.9 490.67 583.83 564.5 564.5 610.71 587.97 587.97 587.97 469.9 587.97 TMAX 9.31 6.5 7.05 7.16 9.35 9.35 8.36 8.48 9.31 8.51 9.27 8.96 8.51 8.69 9.27 6.5 6.5 8.79 9.11 8.51 9.47 9.22 6.67 7.14 8.48 5.38 7.08 7.65 8.16 7.08 8.79 9.22 7.08 7.08 9.27 9.31 9.79 9.79 9.04 9.14 9.14 9.14 7.36 9.14 ‐4.31 ‐4.37 ‐4 456.33 426.1 426.87 129.76 98.59 103.46 52.8 52.39 52.5 55.78 55.15 55.26 3033.76 2472.67 3006.02 ET 52.85 51.13 50.46 48.58 54.89 54.58 40.5 51.25 53.28 53.09 53.65 54.25 141.96 53.01 53.77 51.57 51.5 52.14 53.67 52.95 53.91 51.96 51.43 52.37 51.2 45.69 52.15 52.66 53.02 52.25 51.62 52.13 52.36 52.61 53.88 53.25 54.24 54.37 54.08 54.28 54.15 54.22 52.44 54.37 PET 55.63 54.04 53.69 51.44 57.74 57.45 56.42 54.12 56.17 55.99 56.42 57.05 205.18 55.31 56.53 54.4 54.84 56.97 56.39 55.72 56.68 56.56 54.23 55.69 54.42 48.66 55.04 55.87 56.33 55.58 57.15 56.68 55.13 55.82 57.07 56.05 57.1 57.17 56.91 57.25 57.39 57.15 55.69 57.66 SW 2497.72 2468.73 2523.04 2559.51 2485 2485.08 120.65 2838.9 2497.6 2506.14 2474.35 2496.76 447.08 3013.47 2474.3 2469.23 2468.59 3007.11 2491.68 2502.24 2498.2 3032.62 2476.24 2455.6 2838.82 1907.46 2462.75 2443.01 2431.61 2455.26 2474.51 3032.55 2455.24 2455.12 2474.33 2497.5 2929.11 2487.55 2508.05 3100.74 2501.5 3100.75 2456.02 3100.72 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 RB NAME Athabasca RB N_Beaver Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Beaver RB Beaver RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Beaver RB Beaver RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Beaver RB Beaver RB Beaver RB Beaver RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Beaver RB Beaver RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Beaver RB Athabasca RB TMIN ‐3.77 ‐5.33 ‐5.6 ‐4.81 ‐2.85 ‐2.85 ‐3 ‐4.26 ‐3.77 ‐4.89 ‐4.27 ‐3.88 ‐4.89 ‐4.31 ‐4.27 ‐5.33 ‐5.33 ‐2.98 ‐4.61 ‐4.89 ‐4.77 ‐3.44 ‐5.37 ‐4.95 ‐4.26 ‐5.91 ‐4.69 ‐4.19 ‐3.71 ‐4.69 ‐2.98 ‐3.44 ‐4.69 ‐4.69 ‐4.27 ‐3.77 ‐3.98 ‐3.98 ‐4.1 ‐4.54 ‐4.54 ‐4.54 ‐4.76 ‐4.54 BLUE 531.09 403.56 524.96 548.8 525.77 525.97 442.04 528.05 530.28 515.41 437.46 518.44 3.78 455.16 437.23 401.33 402.8 449.34 487.52 515.95 521.49 452.3 407.29 390.46 527.76 688.58 382.64 421.27 405.57 382.75 450.05 452.01 382.77 382.3 437.07 530.48 510.45 510.18 555.84 534.44 533.67 534.62 412.93 534.36 DA 125.12 158.67 118.69 127.81 119.25 122.46 109.33 120.03 123.12 115.69 96.59 119.44 1.19 112.49 103.2 168.15 157.55 104.75 111.56 111.11 113.9 107.48 168.56 154.32 120.16 109.25 161.69 164.68 160.94 153.25 104.31 104.52 153.15 152.96 100.2 124.85 114.22 112.42 127.33 193.21 123.63 189.91 152.74 190.77 70
562 563 564 Beaver RB Beaver RB Beaver RB 437.9 463.48 460.26 7.08 8.13 7.86 ‐4.69 ‐3.83 ‐4.31 PCP 610.71 460.26 460.26 437.9 800.45 637.21 738.66 575.15 431 425.81 437.9 609.56 425.81 609.56 481.64 431 431 425.81 738.66 461.41 431 738.66 564.5 609.56 533.82 478.94 479.66 481.64 478.94 635.32 879.03 425.81 879.03 454.13 530.63 845.49 494.91 494.91 494.91 437.59 463.48 425.81 845.49 530.63 TMAX 9.04 7.86 7.86 7.08 4.74 7.54 5.38 9.47 7.83 7.73 7.08 9.68 7.73 9.68 8.36 7.83 7.83 7.73 5.38 8.16 7.83 5.38 9.79 9.68 9.69 8.66 8.04 8.36 8.66 8.65 5.19 7.73 5.19 9.01 9.44 5.65 9.39 9.39 9.39 8.63 8.13 7.73 5.65 9.44 TMIN ‐4.1 ‐4.31 ‐4.31 ‐4.69 ‐5.75 ‐4.93 ‐5.91 ‐4.77 ‐4.46 ‐3.99 ‐4.69 ‐4.28 ‐3.99 ‐4.28 ‐3 ‐4.46 ‐4.46 ‐3.99 ‐5.91 ‐3.71 ‐4.46 ‐5.91 ‐3.98 ‐4.28 ‐2.99 ‐2.87 ‐3.73 ‐3 ‐2.87 ‐4.62 ‐5.55 ‐3.99 ‐5.55 ‐2.44 ‐2.16 ‐5.65 ‐2.09 ‐2.09 ‐2.09 ‐3.42 ‐3.83 ‐3.99 ‐5.65 ‐2.16 382.86 408.11 403.65 152.94 161.19 150.36 52.43 53.04 53.13 55.73 56.18 56.37 2455.17 2437.19 2455.73 PET 57.31 56.9 56.26 55.64 48.39 54.87 47.82 57.18 55.53 56.19 55.52 57.73 56.45 57.85 56.51 55.56 56.33 56.8 48.02 56.24 56 50.29 57.37 57.82 56.59 56.67 56.18 56.35 56.56 55.8 46.65 56.3 46.89 57.79 57.68 49.15 58.15 57.97 58.09 56.47 56.03 55.88 49.76 58.07 SW 3106.54 2453.98 2455.71 2455.16 1943.08 1806.38 1910.55 2499.93 2437.24 2437.85 2445.8 3111.8 2438.04 2834.04 118.87 2437.22 2436.97 2437.63 1906.56 2867.55 2436.92 1869.77 2487.46 2834.02 2480.75 2868.26 2871.01 2873.11 2868.48 2854.38 1937.21 2437.73 1943.16 2867.22 2592.93 1886.77 2871.6 2871.61 2870.98 2863.23 2869.58 2421.79 1887.16 2592.85 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 RB NAME Athabasca RB Beaver RB Beaver RB Beaver RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Beaver RB Beaver RB Beaver RB Athabasca RB Beaver RB Athabasca RB North Sas. RSB Beaver RB Beaver RB Beaver RB Athabasca RB North Sas. RSB Beaver RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Beaver RB Athabasca RB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB Athabasca RB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB Beaver RB Athabasca RB North Sas. RSB BLUE 557.28 403.25 403.7 382.81 749.39 584.69 689.75 521.38 375.8 371.26 383.12 555.82 371.04 553.18 441.97 375.57 375.12 370.35 689.7 407.96 375.08 688.45 510.22 552.93 480.42 426.34 427.04 426.73 425.49 577.8 828.33 370.92 828.04 400.33 476.23 793.7 440.45 440.45 440.7 385.81 410.99 373.61 793.61 476.33 DA 200.35 150.56 150.31 153.24 109.81 103.02 125.29 120.95 139.95 137.86 149.24 201.68 137.38 129.68 113.64 139.39 138.98 138.25 103.19 100.57 139.06 92.38 114.29 129.79 110.67 105.01 107.74 112.17 119.71 129.21 117.39 138.45 155.75 102.65 113.84 101.78 108.6 110.39 108.17 97.02 99.36 147.7 106.7 109.7 ET 54.13 53.55 53.12 52.43 45.12 51.94 44.92 54.26 52.66 53.12 52.51 54.57 53.13 54.79 39.61 52.72 53.2 53.73 44.89 53.45 53.32 47.24 54.62 54.98 53.75 52.97 52.5 53.68 53.87 53.07 43.66 53.43 43.76 54.79 54.98 46.48 54.35 54.28 54.42 52.67 53.36 51.26 46.73 55.2 71
609 610 611 Athabasca RB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB 594.06 454.13 494.91 9.54 9.01 9.39 ‐4.83 ‐2.44 ‐2.09 540.35 400.37 438.83 189.91 104.41 92.28 55.38 55 55.47 58.11 58.21 58.11 3105.42 2867.35 2874.86 PCP 570.06 570.06 482.25 591.53 591.53 585.13 585.13 504.32 482.25 482.25 435.13 544.71 435.13 570.06 504.32 434.24 585.13 570.06 435.13 426.97 429.43 621.12 477.22 436.06 429.15 608.55 589.92 592.08 589.92 429.43 589.92 592.08 621.12 746.57 429.43 436.06 429.15 425.76 429.15 416.7 589.92 429.43 429.43 502.91 TMAX 10.09 10.09 9.17 9.7 9.7 9.89 9.89 9.63 9.17 9.17 8.15 9.72 8.15 10.09 9.63 8.42 9.89 10.09 8.15 8.02 8.06 8.45 8.91 8.94 8.75 9.58 9.88 9.49 9.88 8.06 9.88 9.49 8.45 6.4 8.06 8.94 8.75 8.58 8.75 8.58 9.88 8.06 8.06 9.44 TMIN ‐2 ‐2 ‐2.97 ‐4.69 ‐4.69 ‐3.46 ‐3.46 ‐2.75 ‐2.97 ‐2.97 ‐3.93 ‐1.77 ‐3.93 ‐2 ‐2.75 ‐3.58 ‐3.46 ‐2 ‐3.93 ‐4.21 ‐4 ‐5.57 ‐2.63 ‐3.13 ‐3.12 ‐2.93 ‐3.89 ‐5.1 ‐3.89 ‐4 ‐3.89 ‐5.1 ‐5.57 ‐6.23 ‐4 ‐3.13 ‐3.12 ‐3.37 ‐3.12 ‐3.72 ‐3.89 ‐4 ‐4 ‐2.69 BLUE 516.27 515.8 427.56 538.8 538.28 530.85 530.6 450.8 428.27 427.58 383.25 489.33 384.01 515.53 449.6 382.87 530.86 515.64 383.14 374.44 376.54 563.94 422.56 382.92 377.46 553.96 535.39 538.83 533.64 377.78 533.55 535.96 569.21 696.31 376.66 383.33 376.84 373.04 377.41 363.74 533.74 379.15 378.64 449.6 DA 119.49 121.16 90.78 195.79 193.06 120.24 145.13 106.98 104.5 107.04 98.52 120.98 93.8 119.03 112.92 96.52 152.83 121.25 92.16 88.54 86.66 130.36 109.34 100.75 94.27 135.35 155.5 204.36 128.06 88.22 129.19 129.53 136.33 111.62 86.65 94.96 97.68 92.67 95.5 91.23 129.94 88.02 90.56 111.01 ET 55.57 55.79 54.53 54.61 55.13 55.04 55.33 54.01 53.63 54.75 53.56 55.59 52.84 55.96 55.54 53.08 55.16 55.73 53.72 53.31 53.71 50.97 54.94 53.54 53.2 55.49 55.18 54.12 55.12 52.79 55.2 54.64 51.76 48.51 53.76 53.28 53.56 54.19 53.46 53.37 55.19 51.4 51.68 54.38 PET 58.11 58.57 57.27 57.19 58.48 58.29 58.17 57.95 57.23 57.39 56.2 58.21 56.69 58.61 58.29 56.93 57.77 58.61 56.5 55.95 56.3 53.64 57.71 57.42 56.9 58.16 57.92 57.04 58.3 56.6 57.84 57.49 54.64 51.3 56.45 57.03 57.3 56.82 57.13 56.96 57.87 56.77 56.43 57.91 SW 2871.31 2587.14 2876.01 3096.8 3096.68 2485.12 3043.37 2874.23 2872.32 2874.05 2864.87 2872.88 2867.49 2587.07 2876.16 2869.57 2889.79 2587.15 2864.78 2580.18 2864.53 2910.54 2581.71 2857.57 2864.23 2604.51 2895.28 2956.41 2855.68 2866.34 2855.66 2869.35 1705.28 1772.12 2866.21 2857.65 2858.61 2863.44 2864.15 2864.1 2855.65 2866.65 2862.49 2881.73 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 RB NAME North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB Athabasca RB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB 72
656 657 658 North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB 589.92 482.25 750.1 9.88 9.17 6.04 ‐3.89 ‐2.97 ‐6.74 533.06 428.22 702.9 132.71 105.86 139.76 55.77 54.08 46.59 58.52 57.75 49.39 2855.5 2875.9 1818.97 PCP 1031.92 477.22 433.01 502.91 502.91 416.7 750.1 622.55 694.06 622.55 425.76 416.7 416.7 1018.43 592.67 592.67 694.06 551.85 608.55 551.85 622.55 537.12 501.71 460.09 460.09 447.83 433.01 433.01 428.32 420.66 428.32 428.16 428.16 489.92 460.09 420.66 420.66 501.71 447.83 462 669.89 420.66 462 428.32 TMAX 2.47 8.91 9.48 9.44 9.44 8.58 6.04 8.97 6.88 8.97 8.58 8.58 8.58 2.72 9.81 9.81 6.88 9.45 9.58 9.45 8.97 9.44 9.54 9.29 9.29 9.28 9.48 9.48 8.47 9.08 8.47 9.19 9.19 9.41 9.29 9.08 9.08 9.54 9.28 9.71 7.79 9.08 9.71 8.47 TMIN ‐8.46 ‐2.63 ‐2.21 ‐2.69 ‐2.69 ‐3.72 ‐6.74 ‐5.83 ‐6.96 ‐5.83 ‐3.37 ‐3.72 ‐3.72 ‐8.52 ‐3.53 ‐3.53 ‐6.96 ‐3.24 ‐2.93 ‐3.24 ‐5.83 ‐2.63 ‐3.16 ‐2.51 ‐2.51 ‐2.65 ‐2.21 ‐2.21 ‐3.61 ‐3.09 ‐3.61 ‐2.98 ‐2.98 ‐2.9 ‐2.51 ‐3.09 ‐3.09 ‐3.16 ‐2.65 ‐2.98 ‐5.95 ‐3.09 ‐2.98 ‐3.61 BLUE 992.97 423.95 380.2 449.36 448.41 363.6 677.39 567.98 630.25 567.53 373.68 363.59 363.55 977.91 537.29 538.85 645.4 499.53 555.26 499.46 565.98 484.49 447.95 407.79 407.7 394.78 380.02 379.19 375.06 367.29 374.69 375.82 375.1 435.94 406.33 367.84 367.09 447.99 394.35 408.15 609.7 366.71 407.98 373.35 DA 97.99 104.65 92.51 114.15 110.66 88.31 115.04 128.59 125.47 128.9 92.29 86.11 87.38 104.5 121.98 139.87 119.94 130.66 147.87 131.69 128.09 135.25 124.02 100.72 99.66 98 89.1 88.78 91.31 84.61 90.64 80.75 93.21 123.2 112.95 85.69 91.35 123.76 87.04 112.89 149.72 94.22 110.75 95.5 ET 35.36 54.17 53.66 54.72 55.53 53.68 47.32 52.71 48.08 53.1 53.63 53.73 53.75 36.07 55.68 55.55 49.02 54.44 55.75 54.48 53.52 55.05 55.73 53.53 53.49 54.14 54.09 54.94 53.79 54.14 54.03 53.19 53.65 55.78 55.06 53.36 54.2 54.83 54.22 54.81 49.58 54.37 54.83 54.45 PET 38.2 57.72 57.36 58.3 58.26 57.36 50.08 55.4 50.95 55.88 57.39 57.32 57.31 38.73 58.26 58.27 52.09 58.38 58.62 58.71 56.48 57.74 58.68 57.46 57.21 57.8 57.79 57.59 57.25 56.75 57.52 57.08 57.28 58.4 57.89 57.12 56.84 58.46 58.36 57.43 52.53 57.34 57.46 57.27 SW 2152.99 2872.57 2854.31 2881.62 2590.12 2863.92 3007.46 2638.76 2972.88 2638.59 2864.39 2863.89 2863.88 2090.72 2605.56 2190.51 1768.53 2184.81 2186.82 2184.81 2886.37 2175.33 2207.8 2873.01 2872.99 2858.5 2860.25 2859.61 2867.7 2863.11 2867.58 2666.58 2864.34 2206.65 2196.59 2862.89 2081.24 2209.23 2668.49 2195.84 1340.04 2081.16 2195.81 2863.95 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 RB NAME North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB 73
703 704 705 North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB 428.32 431.23 420.66 8.47 9.43 9.08 ‐3.61 ‐2.76 ‐3.09 373.07 378.32 369.6 95.65 104.51 86.76 54.37 54.04 51.06 57.05 56.65 57.31 2866.71 2189.69 2078.78 PCP 420.66 462 551.85 551.85 551.85 551.85 501.71 551.85 551.85 669.89 420.66 490.23 558.69 558.69 490.23 413.08 420.66 414.8 425.5 390.43 837.23 558.69 669.89 558.69 837.23 390.43 558.69 669.89 416.95 558.69 414.8 390.43 490.23 398.65 390.43 468.66 468.66 969.29 881.11 881.11 389.79 342.91 390.43 417.55 TMAX 9.08 9.71 9.45 9.45 9.45 9.45 9.54 9.45 9.45 7.79 9.08 10.31 9.95 9.95 10.31 9.32 9.08 9.65 9.38 9.35 4.32 9.95 7.79 9.95 4.32 9.35 9.95 7.79 9.29 9.95 9.65 9.35 10.31 9.39 9.35 9.98 9.98 4.36 3.97 3.97 10.09 9.71 9.35 10.16 TMIN ‐3.09 ‐2.98 ‐3.24 ‐3.24 ‐3.24 ‐3.24 ‐3.16 ‐3.24 ‐3.24 ‐5.95 ‐3.09 ‐2.55 ‐4.19 ‐4.19 ‐2.55 ‐3.23 ‐3.09 ‐2.13 ‐2.7 ‐3.04 ‐8.19 ‐4.19 ‐5.95 ‐4.19 ‐8.19 ‐3.04 ‐4.19 ‐5.95 ‐3.14 ‐4.19 ‐2.13 ‐3.04 ‐2.55 ‐3.13 ‐3.04 ‐2.86 ‐2.86 ‐6.81 ‐7.74 ‐7.74 ‐2.69 ‐3.16 ‐3.04 ‐3.07 BLUE 366.51 408.79 496.87 497.98 498.06 498.26 447.5 496.81 497.16 608.33 366.49 436.52 503.59 505.09 436.65 360.45 369.66 361.29 373.76 337.59 771.71 503.72 608.84 502.71 771.75 337.11 502.08 609.03 362.39 503.16 363.03 336.3 435.92 344.39 338.15 415.5 415.37 896.12 812.87 812.15 337.87 290.59 336.42 365.92 DA 84.04 113.78 133.47 134.92 131.03 134.47 125.24 132.74 133.4 151.25 89.21 123.28 131.66 133.34 124.07 79.1 86.53 89.19 89.02 80.34 104.12 138.7 147.61 139.33 106.62 83.7 138.46 139.96 110.76 141.33 87.22 83.46 126.93 79.6 79.37 114.91 114.88 120.62 96.8 106.85 82.69 69.42 78.73 101.14 ET 54.09 53.9 56 54.88 54.77 54.71 55.02 56.07 55.95 49.81 54.37 54.85 55.26 53.75 54.81 53.14 51.25 54.58 52.45 53.82 44.25 55.47 50.62 56.45 42.95 54.64 56.23 50.63 55.01 56.07 53.22 55.14 55.64 54.31 53.59 54.39 54.49 43.66 42.41 41.03 53.5 53.36 55.36 53.42 PET 56.74 57.72 58.83 58.88 58.78 58.69 58.95 58.97 58.85 52.84 57.31 58.62 58.1 58.01 58.83 57.47 57.35 57.22 56.25 57.57 46.87 58.11 53.65 59.42 46.03 57.27 58.86 53.66 57.9 58.79 57.57 57.77 59.42 57.19 57.72 58.13 58.46 46.63 45.12 43.74 57.71 55.98 57.87 57.21 SW 2863.15 2198.9 2216.68 2219.87 2219.9 2219.95 2209.18 2183.37 2216.67 2277.79 2863.12 2206.64 2185.83 2188.15 2206.65 2655.01 2078.71 2850.95 2857.79 2858.6 1476.97 2188.42 1339.93 2187.99 1511.01 2858.02 2200.05 1339.5 2082.19 2188.07 2852.82 2856.8 2206.34 2860.86 2076.6 2204.24 2204.2 1509.28 1489.73 1529.54 2856.27 2850.86 2856.94 2199.23 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 RB NAME North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB 74
750 751 752 Red Deer RSB Bow RSB North Sas. RSB 417.55 841.01 342.91 10.16 3.81 9.71 ‐3.07 ‐7.87 ‐3.16 366.01 772.09 291.37 100.06 93.43 69.14 53.33 41.93 52.45 57.28 44.81 56.22 2199.3 1516.49 2851.19 PCP 377.56 342.42 726.73 386.32 386.32 342.91 386.32 585.69 415.56 585.69 726.73 386.32 585.69 386.32 377.97 434.77 377.97 841.01 499.78 335.39 342.42 499.78 499.78 434.77 342.91 377.56 499.78 709.99 335.39 561.13 499.78 335.39 335.39 342.8 561.13 418.16 370.3 342.8 561.13 418.16 418.16 418.16 395.5 377.97 TMAX 9.56 9.41 6.01 10.6 10.6 9.71 10.6 9.62 10.6 9.62 6.01 10.6 9.62 10.6 10.94 10.72 10.94 3.81 10.07 9.84 9.41 10.07 10.07 10.72 9.71 9.56 10.07 6.37 9.84 9.91 10.07 9.84 9.84 10.51 9.91 11.28 10.74 10.51 9.91 11.28 11.28 11.28 11.14 10.94 TMIN ‐3.2 ‐3.92 ‐6.92 ‐2.43 ‐2.43 ‐3.16 ‐2.43 ‐4.45 ‐2.73 ‐4.45 ‐6.92 ‐2.43 ‐4.45 ‐2.43 ‐2.49 ‐2.35 ‐2.49 ‐7.87 ‐3.29 ‐3.02 ‐3.92 ‐3.29 ‐3.29 ‐2.35 ‐3.16 ‐3.2 ‐3.29 ‐6.92 ‐3.02 ‐4 ‐3.29 ‐3.02 ‐3.02 ‐3.26 ‐4 ‐2.12 ‐2.68 ‐3.26 ‐4 ‐2.12 ‐2.12 ‐2.12 ‐2.1 ‐2.49 BLUE 324.9 290.2 662.08 333.75 333.26 289.73 333.45 529.8 362.64 531.34 662.08 333.47 529.5 333.23 323.96 380.51 323.93 770.95 445.84 281.78 289.46 445.52 446.82 380.45 289.28 325.18 445.32 643.48 282.34 505.79 445.78 281.69 284.8 289.23 506.84 364.13 316.94 289.02 503.54 364.2 364.03 363.87 341.7 323.17 DA 78.66 71.92 127.68 89.3 93.68 69.07 87.99 134.19 98.76 135.71 103.36 90.12 141.07 91.89 88.46 111.74 91.92 96.75 126.01 80.37 71.08 105.24 122.31 108.6 68.5 89.6 122.56 100.4 71.22 107.23 105.03 78.85 81.03 79.55 124.81 93.33 87.78 84.93 124.41 95.42 93.79 94.22 92.51 92.51 ET 53.22 53.24 46.96 54.52 54.34 53.72 54.48 53.5 53.66 53.27 47.51 54.66 53.65 54.68 54.83 54.56 55.03 42.52 54.29 54.98 53.59 54.26 53.06 54.84 53.87 53.63 54.56 48.12 54.08 53.72 54.23 55.23 51.91 55.06 52.82 54.29 54.59 55.22 54.42 54.2 54.37 54.46 54.35 55.46 PET 55.73 55.8 49.65 58.51 58.24 56.4 58.25 56.17 57.96 55.94 50.55 58.53 56.42 58.82 58.66 58.4 59.01 45.35 56.87 57.85 56.26 56.81 57.03 58.83 56.66 56.21 57.3 51.11 57.89 56.29 56.93 57.91 57.78 57.77 56.71 58.76 57.28 57.92 57.17 58.65 58.7 58.79 58.47 59.26 SW 2850.82 2848.92 1406.12 2180.29 2184.32 2845.02 2180.26 2211.34 2199.77 2234.66 1401.73 2180.24 2215.73 2180.29 2188.31 2197.7 2182.36 1516.77 2210.79 2177.32 2848.69 2216.67 2214.01 2197.67 2845.59 2170.6 2210.68 1398.45 2847.68 2232.82 2216.68 2177.23 2160.78 2168.72 2227.79 2189.53 2190.01 2168.68 2223.12 2189.59 2189.49 2189.44 2189.21 2188.02 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 RB NAME North Sas. RSB North Sas. RSB Bow RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB Bow RSB Red Deer RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB Red Deer RSB Bow RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB NN North Sas. RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB Red Deer RSB North Sas. RSB Red Deer RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB North Sas. RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB NN NN Red Deer RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB 75
797 798 799 Red Deer RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB 342.8 561.13 392.77 10.51 9.91 11.29 ‐3.26 ‐4 ‐2.02 288.92 506.38 339.08 80.5 124.23 91.91 55.23 53.06 54.4 57.91 56.98 58.37 2168.59 2227.61 2193.52 PCP 418.16 395.5 392.77 395.5 370.3 678.3 342.8 308.77 678.3 366.9 753.88 333.97 333.97 333.97 333.97 309.49 333.97 308.77 295.84 294.16 333.97 294.16 333.97 333.97 392.77 294.16 306.93 306.93 292.66 292.66 295.84 306.93 292.66 292.66 445.88 306.93 306.93 306.93 292.66 418.16 445.88 292.66 678.3 445.88 TMAX 11.28 11.14 11.29 11.14 10.74 9.05 10.51 10.37 9.05 11.4 5.24 11.45 11.45 11.45 11.45 10.51 11.45 10.37 11.36 11.49 11.45 11.49 11.45 11.45 11.29 11.49 10.62 10.62 11.61 11.61 11.36 10.62 11.61 11.61 11.55 10.62 10.62 10.62 11.61 11.28 11.55 11.61 9.05 11.55 TMIN ‐2.12 ‐2.1 ‐2.02 ‐2.1 ‐2.68 ‐4.61 ‐3.26 ‐3.25 ‐4.61 ‐2.2 ‐6.26 ‐2.15 ‐2.15 ‐2.15 ‐2.15 ‐2.49 ‐2.15 ‐3.25 ‐1.68 ‐1.97 ‐2.15 ‐1.97 ‐2.15 ‐2.15 ‐2.02 ‐1.97 ‐2.46 ‐2.46 ‐1.61 ‐1.61 ‐1.68 ‐2.46 ‐1.61 ‐1.61 ‐1.92 ‐2.46 ‐2.46 ‐2.46 ‐1.61 ‐2.12 ‐1.92 ‐1.61 ‐4.61 ‐1.92 BLUE 363.61 341.63 337.75 341.02 317.74 616.27 288.76 253.9 616.11 313.51 685.06 279.83 279.62 279.75 279.36 254.34 279.32 254.13 239.92 239.84 279.23 239.54 279.02 280.18 338.39 239.58 252.84 251.05 236.13 235.99 239.63 254.44 239.04 238.85 389.4 254.31 251.21 251.03 238.83 362.82 389.55 239.04 614.72 386.5 DA 95.01 93.04 92.7 92.43 88.5 118.57 84.67 73.91 128.89 88.79 100.87 93.41 92.84 85.95 77.02 74.87 78.25 74.21 68.98 69.98 76.85 71.39 77.29 79.74 93.55 72.14 71.48 74.47 68.94 68.61 71.59 72.34 69.13 68.24 98.67 74.76 73.4 71.74 69.35 97.75 98.79 67.86 116.85 94.25 ET 54.65 54.3 55.69 54.8 53.53 52.75 55.3 56.29 52.99 54.72 46.99 55.49 55.63 55.48 55.58 56.54 55.56 56.05 56.99 55.77 55.54 55.96 55.71 54.55 54.79 55.7 55.17 56.72 57.09 57.3 56.87 53.08 53.89 54.02 55.18 53.08 56.23 56.45 54.1 54.51 55.13 53.92 53.65 57.65 PET 59.01 58.42 58.38 58.97 57.47 55.44 58.13 58.95 55.62 58.53 49.84 58.1 58.35 58.19 58.26 59.19 58.19 58.7 59.65 58.36 58.11 58.62 58.29 58.52 58.62 58.42 59.12 59.36 59.76 59.87 59.44 59.15 59.68 59.75 59.38 59.23 58.88 59.1 59.96 58.75 59.44 59.74 56.22 60.49 SW 2189.35 2189.17 2192.27 2188.94 2190.32 2252.14 2168.49 2161.93 2250.91 2167.55 1417.09 1591.71 1591.61 1591.54 2161.51 2180.1 2161.54 2162.05 2170.67 2174.46 2161.52 2174.38 2161.44 2161.14 2193.27 2155.56 2179.1 2177.26 2172.22 2172.12 2170.72 2179.62 2172.1 2172.07 2194.48 2179.63 2176.47 2176.31 2170.85 2189.39 2194.5 2172.1 2251.81 2190.39 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 RB NAME Bow RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB Red Deer RSB Bow RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Bow RSB Red Deer RSB Bow RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Bow RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB NN Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB Red Deer RSB NN NN Oldman RSB NN NN NN NN Oldman RSB Oldman RSB NN Oldman RSB Oldman RSB 76
844 845 846 Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB 445.88 403.93 403.93 11.55 12.03 12.03 ‐1.92 ‐1.26 ‐1.26 387.58 346.44 346.57 96.9 92.46 91.31 57.09 56.51 56.43 59.78 60.29 60.23 2193.58 2182.71 2182.73 PCP 445.88 403.93 445.88 312.27 295.84 313.4 498.8 422.29 351.81 351.81 650.71 292.66 313.4 325.23 325.23 498.8 390.33 325.23 356.83 650.71 650.71 498.8 422.29 650.71 325.23 356.83 498.8 334.39 498.8 381.43 809.26 356.83 313.4 313.4 313.4 334.39 313.4 334.8 335.1 422.29 381.43 422.29 334.39 422.29 TMAX 11.55 12.03 11.55 11.72 11.36 11.93 11.53 12.53 12.14 12.14 8.74 11.61 11.93 12.19 12.19 11.53 11.95 12.19 12.77 8.74 8.74 11.53 12.53 8.74 12.19 12.77 11.53 12.84 11.53 12.57 7.71 12.77 11.93 11.93 11.93 12.84 11.93 12.6 11.81 12.53 12.57 12.53 12.84 12.53 TMIN ‐1.92 ‐1.26 ‐1.92 ‐1.6 ‐1.68 ‐0.98 ‐1.49 ‐0.65 ‐1.65 ‐1.65 ‐3.74 ‐1.61 ‐0.98 ‐1.36 ‐1.36 ‐1.49 ‐1.37 ‐1.36 ‐0.74 ‐3.74 ‐3.74 ‐1.49 ‐0.65 ‐3.74 ‐1.36 ‐0.74 ‐1.49 ‐0.66 ‐1.49 ‐0.7 ‐3.38 ‐0.74 ‐0.98 ‐0.98 ‐0.98 ‐0.66 ‐0.98 ‐0.33 ‐1.08 ‐0.65 ‐0.7 ‐0.65 ‐0.66 ‐0.65 BLUE 387.62 346.42 387.74 257.38 239.23 258.06 438.65 364.3 296.21 296.56 583.54 235.91 257.97 269.82 270.39 439.54 334.44 269.55 300.51 583.05 586.77 439.64 364.43 587.13 269.52 301.08 438.34 277.38 438.89 323.85 737.41 300.48 258.03 258.09 258.1 277.74 257.93 279.5 278.45 364.39 323.56 364.45 278.63 364.18 DA 99.04 92.14 97.85 75.35 69.69 73.46 92.92 100.17 90.85 84.61 113.33 71.97 75.99 81.24 79.84 106.71 90.98 77.32 82.04 120.53 124.67 107.42 98.14 125.08 78.79 85.3 101.29 78.87 105.95 91.38 147.95 87.07 61 77.07 71.94 77.18 61.28 79.73 77.68 96.72 90.44 97.83 78.74 97.45 ET 57.06 56.67 56.99 55.5 57.31 56.27 57.79 57.23 56.57 56.2 55.02 57.73 56.68 56.45 55.88 57.72 56.14 56.69 56.86 55.28 54.03 57.65 57.31 53.86 56.84 56.38 58.43 57.85 58.28 57.33 52.33 57.25 56.85 56.76 56.78 57.8 56.94 56.3 57.89 57.51 57.72 57.51 56.71 57.71 PET 59.77 60.47 59.71 61.4 59.95 58.88 60.51 60.85 59.31 59.9 57.9 60.5 59.29 59.14 59.36 60.43 59.94 59.39 60.32 58.13 56.82 60.52 60.96 56.55 59.67 60.52 61.16 60.58 60.99 60.78 55.12 60.98 59.51 59.34 59.49 60.46 59.57 60.26 60.62 61.13 61.13 61.1 60.9 61.3 SW 2193.61 2182.63 2193.62 2174.5 2170.46 2174.98 2197.66 2181 2183.42 2183.1 1309.85 2171.88 2174.73 2158.5 2176.41 2201.8 2188.11 2158.33 2180.74 1309.97 2253.32 2201.81 2180.94 2253.32 2176.44 2179.25 2197.6 2176.69 2189.1 2179.3 2297.57 2180.59 2174.4 2174.6 2172.58 2176.6 2174.35 2171.9 2178.14 2180.8 2179.09 2180.8 2175.08 2180.71 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 RB NAME Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB NN South Sas. RSB South Sas. RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB Oldman RSB South Sas. RSB South Sas. RSB Bow RSB Bow RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Bow RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Bow RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB South Sas. RSB South Sas. RSB South Sas. RSB South Sas. RSB South Sas. RSB South Sas. RSB South Sas. RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB South Sas. RSB Oldman RSB 77
891 892 893 NN Oldman RSB Oldman RSB 312.27 405.95 523.48 11.72 11.82 12.24 ‐1.6 ‐1.23 ‐0.76 258.97 347.48 465.22 72.79 91.08 112.69 54.33 58.24 57.37 60.09 62.17 61.22 2175.24 2188.17 2195.07 PCP 337.57 337.57 523.48 757.25 337.57 523.48 335.1 757.25 523.48 334.39 335.1 523.48 322.66 523.48 346.77 405.95 523.48 349.81 757.25 349.81 349.81 523.48 323.59 353.61 323.59 323.59 346.77 323.59 323.59 323.59 323.59 323.59 323.59 323.59 323.59 TMAX 10.92 10.92 12.24 10.43 10.92 12.24 11.81 10.43 12.24 12.84 11.81 12.24 12.69 12.24 12.48 11.82 12.24 12.28 10.43 12.28 12.28 12.24 11.77 12.94 11.77 11.77 12.48 11.77 11.77 11.77 11.77 11.77 11.77 11.77 11.77 TMIN ‐2.65 ‐2.65 ‐0.76 ‐1.42 ‐2.65 ‐0.76 ‐1.08 ‐1.42 ‐0.76 ‐0.66 ‐1.08 ‐0.76 ‐0.42 ‐0.76 ‐0.85 ‐1.23 ‐0.76 ‐0.77 ‐1.42 ‐0.77 ‐0.77 ‐0.76 ‐2.48 ‐0.18 ‐2.48 ‐2.48 ‐0.85 ‐2.48 ‐2.48 ‐2.48 ‐2.48 ‐2.48 ‐2.48 ‐2.48 ‐2.48 BLUE 280.74 280.51 464.75 694.02 284.49 465.47 279.88 693.23 463.15 278.14 278.26 464.73 265.53 463.3 288.82 344.69 463.09 293.61 693.03 293.47 293.59 462.23 269.45 293.55 264.85 269.17 287.23 264.7 264.21 264.24 268.82 268.57 266.77 268.72 268.67 DA 72.09 73.3 113.33 148.9 73.88 116.37 77.27 86.93 113.01 82.84 76.5 111.82 80.8 109.33 80.37 58.67 110.57 50.53 95.36 50.55 51.08 73.81 44.78 53.38 44.78 45.06 55.69 44.8 48.83 49.69 45.63 45.16 44.94 43.73 43.61 ET 57.28 57.31 57.49 56.91 53.55 57.22 56.03 58.22 59.29 57.1 57.85 58.02 58.19 59.23 58.68 59.79 59.59 55.33 58.79 55.7 55.43 59.64 53.71 59.45 58.37 53.82 58.79 58.27 58.46 58.55 53.85 54.04 55.72 53.95 53.99 PET 60.06 59.96 61.32 59.69 60.14 61.02 60.18 60.97 62.04 61.39 60.56 61.91 62.34 61.94 61.45 62.52 62.12 62.3 61.34 62.66 62.09 62.16 60.75 61.91 60.9 60.82 61.26 60.82 60.97 61.08 60.85 61.04 60.93 60.93 60.96 SW 2186.29 2186.26 2190.13 2220.95 2188.9 2195.08 2178.74 2219.66 2190.12 2174.82 2177.62 2195.12 2162.55 2190.11 2179.47 2350.49 2189.98 2332.47 2219.96 2332.29 2331.11 2360.73 2345.4 2327.32 2345.2 2345.28 2342.91 2345.51 2351.8 2351.69 2345.32 2345.05 2345.21 2344.97 2344.9 Table 5. Continued.
Subbasin 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 RB NAME NN South Sas. RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB NN Oldman RSB South Sas. RSB Oldman RSB Oldman RSB South Sas. RSB South Sas. RSB Oldman RSB South Sas. RSB Oldman RSB South Sas. RSB Milk RB Oldman RSB Milk RB Oldman RSB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB Milk RB RB: river basin, RSB: river subbasin, N_Hay RB: the modeled subbasins located nearby Hay River basin which are not part of Alberta main river basins. N_Beaver: the modeled subbasins located nearby Beaver River basin which are not part of Alberta main river basins, PCP:
precipitation (mm), TMAX: maximum temperature oC), TMIN: minimum temperature (oC),
Blue: blue water and is total water yield plus deep aquifer recharge (mm yr-1), DA: deep aquifer
recharge (mm yr-1), SW: green water storage (soil water, mm), ET: green water flow (actual
evapotransiration, (mm yr-1), PET: potential evapotranspiration (mm yr-1).
78
Appendix II
Subbasin number
79
80
Appendix III
Water balance components aggregated for major subbasins
River
basin/sub
basin
Hay
Blue
L95PPU
ET
U95PPU
L95PPU
SW
U95PPU
L95PPU
PET
U95PPU
L95PPU
DA
U95PPU
L95PPU
WYLD
U95PPU
L95PPU
U95PPU
6.20
14.86
1.28
1.47
59.79
73.21
1.32
2.56
1.56
7.78
1.14
10.88
Peace
45.88
94.55
7.91
8.98
370.54
448.11
8.10
15.58
11.26
51.75
8.85
68.20
Athabasca
50.72
90.02
7.34
8.45
332.81
506.16
7.84
14.68
6.78
31.39
28.30
75.29
Beaver
4.15
8.39
0.77
0.86
33.42
44.06
0.78
1.45
0.99
4.11
1.74
6.14
North Sask.
30.73
49.01
4.32
4.95
200.05
277.09
4.45
7.90
4.59
13.88
19.11
40.97
Red Deer
15.06
23.80
2.41
2.74
91.70
113.81
2.48
4.31
2.35
7.90
8.92
19.40
Bow
8.92
18.56
1.13
1.51
47.94
61.11
1.16
2.36
1.10
4.57
5.68
15.89
Oldman
7.40
12.13
1.15
1.32
42.20
52.82
1.19
2.03
1.01
3.52
4.65
10.15
South Sask.
3.62
5.69
0.95
1.03
33.94
42.30
0.99
1.59
0.63
2.05
2.00
4.54
Milk
1.33
2.55
0.37
0.40
12.59
18.69
0.39
0.61
0.01
0.78
0.82
2.32
100
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Milk
South Sask.
Oldman
Bow
Red Deer
North Sask.
Beaver
Athabasca
Peace
0
Hay
Blue water ( km 3 yr -1)
90
81
Milk
South Sask.
Oldman
16
Bow
Red Deer
North Sask.
Beaver
Athabasca
Peace
Hay
Green water flow ( km 3 yr -1)
Milk
South Sask.
Oldman
Bow
Red Deer
North Sask.
Beaver
Athabasca
Peace
Hay
Deep aquifer recharge ( km 3 yr -1)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
18
potential ET
actual ET
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
82
ROB
Milk
South Sask.
Oldman
Bow
Red Deer
3
yr -1)
90
North Sask.
Beaver
Athabasca
Peace
Hay
Water yield (km
Milk
South Sask.
Oldman
Bow
Red Deer
North Sask.
Beaver
Athabasca
Peace
Hay
Green water storage ( km 3)
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
100
based on data from Environment
Alberta
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
83