The Relationship between
Mission and Objectives
It is important to distinguish the similarities, differences and relationships between
expressions -such as “mission,” “objective,” “goal/aim”- that could sometimes be confusing
in the workplace because of their subtleties. A correct understanding of their definitions and
implications in business is a key for success. The concepts and examples in this document
will help you answer exam questions and use correctly and efficiently these business
terminologies.
I. Mission
The term “mission” was first used in the English language for Jesuits to qualify their “sending
abroad.” A general modern definition would define a “mission” as an important task given to
some party (physical or/and moral). Keeping in mind this broad vision will help you
understand and determine the implications of the term “mission” regarding any type of
organisation.
1. Organisational Mission
The organisational mission defines the fundamental reason why a specific business exists. It
gives the following information about it:

The kind of products and services operated;

The targeted audience (age, gender, community, …);

The core values of the organisation;
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To come up with a consistent and purposeful Organisational Mission, entrepreneurs are
often required to study in details the market’s components and its environment.
2. The Vision Statement
The word “Utopia” best describes what a vision statement is as it refers to a “perfect state of
things.” It is the state of things that you see and define as best fit for your audience,
including your suppliers, customers and partners. The subjects addressed would be
perfectly dealt with in your “Utopia;” such concerns could include for instance hunger in the
world, animal mistreatments, poverty, child abuse… In other words, it is your definition of
paradise in regard to your targeted audience.
Vision statements have a set of frequent characteristics such as:

Universality: it bears concepts and ideals common to mankind, regardless of
ethnicity, gender, religion, time or space;

Catchiness: the combination of words is appealing and easily remembered;

Insight: this is a key factor in motivating the involvement of the public. There
has to be more social and profound interactions between the organisation
and its counterparts;

Practicality: they are easy to share - through word of mouth for instance- and
advertise - e.g. on a piece of clothing;
The vision statement could be a single or a compilation of sentences inviting the public to
identify itself and support the firm’s vision because of the shared beliefs regarding the
future. It creates value by infusing in the audience the feeling that they are contributing to
be closer to this common state of “Utopia” they are pursuing; whether it is being done
consciously or subconsciously, the outcome brings them closer to the organisation.
Examples of vision statements from a few notorious businesses:

Kraft Foods – “To make today delicious”
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
CVS Caremark – “To improve the quality of human life”

Disney – “To make people happy”

American Express – “The world’s most respected service brand”
The most effective vision statements are often short and direct to the point. Sometimes,
unlike Disney’s example above - 4 short simple words -, they can take the form of an
elaborate testimony determining common goals for the future, like the following vision
statement from PepsiCo:
"PepsiCo's responsibility is to continually improve all aspects of the world in which we
operate - environment, social, economic - creating a better tomorrow than today. Our vision
is put into action through programs and a focus on environmental stewardship, activities to
benefit society, and a commitment to build shareholder value by making PepsiCo a truly
sustainable company."
These examples show that composing a good vision statement depends upon the awareness
of all the components discussed. When brainstorming vision statements, entrepreneurs
envision what would represent them the most if their businesses were perfect and the best
in what they do. Doing so is helpful in defining a referential for each and every kind of
industry. Even if businesses are imperfect by nature, because made of imperfect people, the
public perceives the message because this is a clear declaration of intention, and since
actions come from intentions, they matter as much as the later.
3. The Mission Statement
The mission statement is a declaration of the prevailing directions and functions of a
business (other kind of organisations such as NGOs often have Mission Statements as well).
It shares attributes of a vision statement in the sense that it also encompasses a widespread
variety of issues. A mission statement’s main difference is characterized by a more realisticoriented and tangible. Rather than being a claim supporting of a dream - part of the function
of a vision statement-, it is a call for concrete action. It is often accomplished in a mission
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statement by invoking specific issue(s) relevant to the present and near future. The
prevalent features of a mission statement include:

A short statement: a mission statement is often straightforward and concise,
generally 1 to 3 short sentences;

A result-oriented statement: a mission statement lays down the main achievements
it is working toward achieving a specific goal;

A comprehensive statement: a mission statement includes the business’s most
important objectives. Therefore, it has to be adaptable to include a wider audience;
Examples of Mission Statements form famous businesses:

Charles Schwab: “To help everyone be financially fit;”

Google: “To organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and
useful;”

ING: “We lead Americans back to savings;”

Kickstart: “To get rural families out of poverty;”

Sony: “To emotionally touch and excite our customers;”

Merck: “The mission of Merck is to provide society with superior products and services
by developing innovations and solutions that improve the quality of life and satisfy
customer needs, and to provide employees with meaningful work and advancement
opportunities, and investors with a superior rate of return;”
Mission statements are vital in determining a common philosophy of principles carrying the
company’s core values; however, because of its typical short length, the mission statement
rarely contains all of the organisation’s crucial guidelines. Evasive mission statements -such
as ING’s example above - could spread misunderstanding and doubts in the audience’s
perception of the company (for employees, customers, investors, partners and all of the
other parties involved). Too long and/or complex mission statements have the disadvantage
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of being hard to memorize -such as Merck’s example above- and are more subject to
misinterpretations than shorter ones.
II. Aims and Objectives
Once an organisation defined its mission, its vision statement and its mission statement, its
ultimate objectives over the long-run become much clearer. However, in order to progress
toward its goals, an organisation needs to define more short-term oriented and measurable
objectives. The expression “aim,” which invokes closeness, has the same implications as
short-term objectives. The achievement of such milestones permits to the organisation to be
focused on the present and persistent; the positive feedback loop established on a shortterm basis reinforces its commitment over the long-run. The organisation constantly
creating, tracking and reviewing these objectives increases its adaptability, profitability and
sustainability.
1. Different Forms of Objectives
Objectives could take different forms and could aim at multiple targets. Because a business’
objectives could serve different functions within a sentence, the following list should be
understood as non-mutually exclusive as an objective may be categorized in several sections
simultaneously:

Targeting communities: objectives aimed at changing the audience’s attitude in order
to reach a goal. For instance, a business could work toward the goal of increasing the
awareness about women’s rights at the workplace. The result is that it could
contribute effectively to the improvement of women’s condition at work.

Targeting practice: objectives designed to help the progress of the business’s other
objectives. For example, a restaurant could implement a plan for employees to help
them improve customer’s experience by adopting rules to provide them with a
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memorable experience. In this case, the plan is the aim itself, and the result is a
better service provided to customers.

Targeting behaviour: objectives created to impact directly individuals’ actions and say
in their daily routine; such objectives subsequently aim to impact on the end result
itself. For instance, a mayor pushing laws banning smoking in public places (e.g. New
York). The objective is to adopt the laws banning smoking in public place and the
result sought is to reduce the number of smokers in the city.
2. Common Features
Well determined objectives and aims share common characteristics. The best way to
remember these features is to use the acronym SMART –first coined in 1981 from a paper of
George T Durand- meaning that to be efficient, objectives and aims need to be as follows:

Specific – It should inform about the how much of what (e.g. +15% subscription) and
within a defined timeline; reaching the objective within the deadline being more
desirable than after.

Measurable – The data could be collectable, recordable and analyzable (gross margin
or other kind of ratios).

Assignable/Achievable – It reveals the specific parties inside and/or outside the
organisation involved in its achievement. Because unrealistic short-term objectives
are nothing but a source of discouragement, it has to be achievable and realistic.

Relevant – The objective has to remain consistent with the organisation’s broader
mission.

Time-oriented – It should be inserted in the organisation’s general timeline, which
indicates when an objective is planned to be achieved.
More recently, an increasingly important and key determining factor is considered:
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
Stimulating: The synergy of the SMART values has to be stimulating to those who
achieve these objectives and those around witnessing them.
In conclusion, the relationship between mission and objectives is a conceptual process in the
creation of an organisation’s founding principles. A particular attention is dedicated by
organisations to define the line between its mission and its objectives, as they are both on
different levels. One being more conceptual, and the other more technical, both are
designed to achieve the common short and long term goals of the organisation.
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Multiple Choice Question
1. The term “mission” was first used in English to:
a. Dictate the terms of a contract;
b. Motivate religious people;
c. Qualify the sending abroad of Jesuits;
d. None of the above;
2.
What is an organisational mission?
a. A non-governmental organisation;
b. The reason of being of an organisation;
c. A strategy to organize a business;
d. All of the above;
3.
What kind of information can an organisational mission give?
a. The kind of products and services operated;
b. The targeted audience (age, gender, community …);
c. The core values of the organisation;
d. All of the above;
4. What is the main difference between vision statements and mission statements?
a. There is no difference; they both mean the same;
b. Mission statements are based on ideals whereas vision statements are based on
more realistic goals;
c. Vision statements are based on ideals whereas mission statements are founded on
realistic goals;
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d. b. & c.;
5 What is the difference between “goals” and “short-term objectives” in business
terminology?
a. There is no difference; the term “goal” implies proximity;
b. Goal is for the long term and the other for short-term;
c. There is no difference; the term “objective” is long-term oriented;
d. a. & c.;
6. Who is George T. Durand?
a. The founder of Kraft Foods;
b. The first person to have coined the acronym SMART;
c. A consulting firm;
d. None of the above;
7. SMART is for:
a. Specific, Marketed, Assignable, Relevant, Time-oriented;
b. Specific, Measurable, Assignable, Relevant, Time-oriented;
c. Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-oriented;
d. b. & c.;
8. Which of the following objective targets process?
a. A multinational want to launch a campaign against cancer;
b. A local grocery store wish to raise awareness about nutrition;
c. A hotel wants to implement a plan to increase customer satisfaction;
d. All of the above;
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9. Which statement is true about the different forms of objectives?
a. They are mutually exclusive;
b. They are all the same;
c. They are non-mutually exclusive;
d. None of the above;
10. Which statement is false about mission statements?
a. It is a declaration of the role of an organisation;
b. They are oriented towards realistic goals;
c. They are always short - no longer than a few words;
d. None, all of the above are correct;
Answers
1: c ; 2: b ; 3: d ; 4: c ; 5: d ; 6: b ; 7:d ; 8:c ; 9: c ; 10: c ;
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