GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
1
A
C
2
A
C
3
A
C
4
A
C
Define " growth "
a progression toward maturity
an increase in size and number
severity of malocclusion
all of the above
B
D
process whereby new mineralized bone is formed
remodeling of bone
7
A
B
C
D
8
A
C
9
A
10
A
11
developmental changes in bone tissues
growth of long bones
B
intramembranous and endochondral
B
interstitial and apposition
hyperplasia and hypertrophy
ethmoid, sphenoid, basioccipital
mandible surface
A
D
What are the two types of bone formation in skull?
A
D
progress/outcome of ortho treatment
stability of orthodontic result
Define "ossification"
Endochrondal growth occurs
6
an increase in specialization of function
all of the above
Growth can affect
5
D
B
D
B
cranial vault
C
maxilla surface
B
cranial vault
C
maxilla sutures
Intramembranous growth occurs
synchondroses of cranial base
mandible condyle
Timing of growth spurt
on average it is 2 years eariler in males than females
growth spurt occurs when maxilla growth is finished
growth spurt occurs at different times in different individuals
growth spurt occurs when mandible growth is finished
Bone resorption is done by:
chondroblasts
osteoclasts
D
undifferentiated mesenchimal cells
osteobalsts
C
osteocyte metabolism
B
Basal bone differs from alveolar bone in
function
B
all of the above
D
staining properties
D
general
Which of the following shows 200% of its adult growth by age 9-10 years
genital
B
neural
C
lynfoid
At birth the following structure is nearest the size it will attain in adulthood
Pagina 1 di 5
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
A
12
A
C
13
A
14
A
15
A
16
A
C
17
A
18
A
19
A
20
A
21
A
22
A
23
A
24
A
cranial vault
B
middle face
C
mandible
D
cranial base
Postnatally cephalocaudal gradient growth pattern is seen as...
both maxilla and mandible growing equally
rapid growth of mid third f face
D
maxilla growing rapidly than mandible
mandible grows rapidly than maxilla
C
8 years
D
5 years
C
10-12 years
D
5-6 years
C
neural tissue
D
lymphoid tissue
B
occurs at same ages in both sexes
less sustained in boys, completes by 15 years
B
Most cranial sutures close by
2 years
B
3 years
Growth of anterior cranial base is completed by
7-9 years
B
8-10 years
Mandible closely follows the growth curve of
all of the above
B
general tissue
Growth of mandible in boys as compared to girls
more sustained in boys, occurs up to 25 years of age
occurs earlier in boys as compared to girls
D
Considering the growth of the face in all three planes, growth ceases last in which direction
vertical
B
sagittal
C
anteroposterior
D
transverse
C
depth-height-width
D
height-width-depth
Growth of cranium in following sequence
width-depth-height
B
width -height- depth
In the three planes of space, in both maxilla and mandible, growth is first completed in
all at the same time
B
height
C
lenght
D
width
Who proposed the Nasal Septum theory of craniofacial growth?
Sicher
B
Scott and Latham
C
Moss
D
Van DerLinden
C
maxilla and mandible
D
none of the above
Enlow's "V" principle of growth is found in
cranial base
B
maxilla only
Functional matrix theory suggests that the determinant growth of skeletal tissues resides in...
skeletal
B
sutures
C
cartilages
D
non-skeletal tissues
sutural matrix
D
periosteal matrix
Oral and nasal capsule of functional growth related to
none of the above
B
capsular matrix
C
Growth of oral structures is mainly influenced by factors
none of the above
B
Pagina 2 di 5
hereditary
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
C
25
A
26
A
27
A
C
28
A
D
29
A
30
A
D
31
A
D
32
A
33
A
D
34
A
35
A
B
C
D
hereditary influenced by environmental
D
environment
The condylar cartilage in the mandible is heir to be a
secondary cartilage
B
primary cartilage
C
non-growing cartilage
D
tertiary cartilage
C
25 years
D
6 years
B
all of the above
growth at mid palatine suture
Age of closure of spheno-occipital synchondrosis
18 years
B
12 years
Length of the maxilla increases by
alveolar growth downwards and forwards
surface apposition at tuberosity region
D
At birth, the palate is relatively flat; in adult it is vault shaped. By which of the following does this change
occur
growth of alveolar bone
apposition at tuberosity region
B
growth of maxillary sinus
C
Resorption in the vault
As age advances, the human profile generally
increases in convexity
B
decreases in convexity
C
remains the same
D
decreases in concavity
Head of condyle grows
intramembranous bone growth
appositional bone growth
B
proliferation of cartilage
C
interstitial bone
In a individual whose mandible is growing less forward than expected, the lower incisors will probably
be inclined
vertically over basal bone
no relation at all
B
backward
C
forward
Mandibolar mid-symphyseal suture fuses at the age of
5 years
B
30 months
C
6 months
D
18 months
In suture there is a proliferation of connective tissue followed by replacement of bone. This is called
periosteal growth
appositional growth
B
endochondral bone growth
C
intramembranous growth
Combinations of deposition and resorption occurring in the different bones of the skull which result in a
growth movement towards the depository surface is called
displacement
B
remodelling
C
physiologic resorption
Downward and forward growth of face is the result of
apposition of bone at anterior borders of mandible and maxilla
eruption of teeth and increase in vertical dimension
upward and forward growth of cranial base
upward and backward growth of condyle and maxillary sutures
Pagina 3 di 5
D
drift
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
36
A
37
A
38
A
39
A
40
A
D
41
A
D
42
A
43
A
D
44
A
C
45
A
46
A
47
A
C
48
An early pubertal growth spurt indicates
metabolic disturbance
B
endocrine dysfunction
C
fast maturing child
D
slow maturing child
Growth completion of cranial base as compared to jaws
sex dependent
B
always accompanies
C
always follows
D
always precedes
C
7-10 years
D
5-6 years
Greatest amount of cranial growth occurs by
birth to five years
B
6-7 years
The cranial vault increases rapidly after birth. By the age of six what the % of cranial growth is
completed
100%
B
90%
C
80%
D
60%
Direction of growth of basal cranium
downwards and forwards
upwards and backwards
B
upwards and forwards
C
downwards and backwards
There is more adolescent growth spurt in mandible than maxilla. Mandible follows growth curve of
somatic tissues closely than maxilla
only second statement is correct
only first statement is correct
B
both statement are correct
C
both statement are wrong
The following dimension of face at birth is close to adult size
width
B
depth
C
same of all the above
D
height
Clock wise rotation refers to which mandibular rotation?
downward and posteriorly
upward and posteriorly
B
upward and anteriorly
C
downward and anteriorly
In Sicher's theory, suture acts as
has independent growth potential
none of above
D
dependent on cranial base
used for growth adjustment
C
Petrovic
B
Servo system theory of growth was given by
Linborgh
B
Scott
D
Van Der Linden
All of the following are considered micro skeletal units of the mandible in the matrix theory except
chin
B
angle of the mandible
C
coronoid process
D
glenoid fossa
Epigenetic factors controlling the growth of skeleton are
local non-genetic factors
genetic factors present outside the skeleton
B
D
genetic factors present within the skeleton
general non genetic factors
Which of the following are sites of cartilaginous growth after birth?
Pagina 4 di 5
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
A
D
49
A
50
A
B
C
D
mandibular condyle
alveolar process
B
spheno-occipital synchondrosis
C
fronto-maxillary suture
Growth activity at with of these synchondrosis completes first?
intersphenoidal
B
sphenoetmoidal
C
Maxilla develops by
endochondral bone formation
intramembranous bone formation
cartilage replacement and intramembranous bone formation
mostly cartilage replacement and a little intramembranous
Pagina 5 di 5
spheno-occipital
D
introccipital