Name____________________________
Animal Cell Coloring
Directions: Choose a color for each of the parts below and fill in the square with the color of your
choice. Color the cell part to match.
Cell Membrane
Lysosome
Ribosome
Cytoplasm
Golgi Apparatus
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Nucleoplasm/Nucleolus
Flagella
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Nuclear Membrane
Microtubules
Mitochondria
Briefly describe the function of the cell parts.
1. Cell membrane
2. Endoplasmic Reticulum
3. Ribosome
4. Golgi Apparatus
5. Lysosome
6. Microtubule
7. Mitochondria
8. Nucleus
Cells
Down
1. like a factory (2 words)
2. first person to see cells
3. jelly-like interior of cell
4. genetic material found in the cell
7. used to view cells
9. functions in movement
11. smallest unit that can support life
12. makes protein
14. stores water, large in plants
17. makes plant cells green
Across
5. suicide sac
6. type of cell that has no nucleus
8. outer boundary of the cell, cell __
10. powerhouse of the cell
13. outside the membrane, found in plants and
bacteria, cell ____
15. with surface area, limits cell size
16. intracellular highway, endoplasmic ___
Name____________________________
Plant Cell Coloring
Directions: Choose a color for each of the parts below and fill in the square with the color of
your choice. Color the cell part to match.
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleoplasm
Nuclear Membrane
Golgi
Apparatus
Vacuole
Nucleolus
Microtubules
Cell Wall
Ribosome
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Compare and Contrast the animal cell to the plant cell - that is, describe how they are
alike, and how they are different.
Cell City Analogy
In a far away city called Grant City, the main export and production product
is the steel widget. Everyone in the town has something to do with steel
widget making and the entire town is designed to build and export widgets.
The town hall has the instructions for widget making, widgets come in all
shapes and sizes and any citizen of Grant can get the instructions and begin
making their own widgets. Widgets are generally produced in small shops around the city, these small
shops can be built by the carpenter's union (whose headquarters are in town hall).
After the widget is constructed, they are placed on special carts which can deliver the widget
anywhere in the city. In order for a widget to be exported, the carts take the widget to the postal
office, where the widgets are packaged and labeled for export. Sometimes widgets don't turn out
right, and the "rejects" are sent to the scrap yard where they are broken down for parts or
destroyed altogether. The town powers the widget shops and carts from a hydraulic dam that is in
the city. The entire city is enclosed by a large wooden fence, only the postal trucks (and citizens with
proper passports) are allowed outside the city.
Match the parts of the city (underlined) with the parts of the cell.
1. Mitochondria
_____________________________________________
2. Ribosomes
_____________________________________________
3. Nucleus
_____________________________________________
4. Endoplasmic
Reticulum
_____________________________________________
5. Golgi Apparatus
_____________________________________________
6. Protein
_____________________________________________
7. Cell Membrane
_____________________________________________
8. Lysosomes
____________________________________________________________
9. Nucleolus
_____________________________________________
** Create your own analogy of the cell using a different model. Some ideas might be: a
school, a house, a factory, or anything you can imagine**
The Cell Overview
Early Contributions
Robert Hooke - The first person to see cells, he was looking at cork and noted that he saw "a great many
boxes. (1665)
Anton van Leeuwenhock - Observed living cells in pond water, which he called "animalcules" (1673)
Theodore Schwann - zoologist who observed that the tissues of animals had cells (1839)
Mattias Schleiden - botonist, observed that the tissues of plants contained cells ( 1845)
Rudolf Virchow - also reported that every living thing is made of up vital units, known as cells. He also
predicted that cells come from other cells. (1850 )
The Cell Theory
1. Every living organism is made of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function. It is the smallest unit that can perform life
functions.
3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
How big are cells?
Why most cells are small has to do with simple geometry more than anything else: specifically the
relationship between surface area to volume as a cell gets bigger. First, as a cell gets larger, the volume of
the cell increases more rapidly than the surface area if the cell maintains its same shape.
Everything that the cell needs or has to get rid of has to go through the cell membrane, the amount of
which relates to the surface area. Therefore, the cell's ability to either get substances from the outside
or eliminate waste is related to the surface area. Secondly, how much food and other material from the
outside and how much waste the cell has to get rid of, is related to the volume. Therefore, as a cell gets
bigger there will come a time when its surface area is insufficient to meet the demands of the cell's volume
and the cell stops growing.
Cell Features
Ribosomes - make protein for use by the organism
Cytoplasm - jelly-like goo on the inside of the cell
DNA - genetic material
Cytoskeleton - the internal framework of the cell
Cell membrane - outer boundary of the cell, some stuff can cross the cell membrane. Composed of
phospholipids and proteins.
Types of Cells
Prokaryotic Cells
Prokaryotes are very simple cells, probably first to inhabit the earth.
Prokaryotic cells do not contain a membrane bound nucleus.
Bacteria are prokaryotes.
DNA of bacteria is circular.
The word "prokaryote" means "before the nucleus"
Other features found in some bacteria:
Flagella - used for movement
Pilus - small hairlike structures used for attaching to other cells
Capsule - tough outer layer that protects bacteria, often associated with harmful bacteria
Eukaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic cells are more advanced cells. These cells are found in plants, animals, and protists (small
unicellular "animalcules"). Protein Production: Ribosomes make protein and send them through the ER to the
golgi apparatus, the GA then processes the proteins, tags it and exports it to where the protein is needed.
The eukaryotic cell is composed of 4 main parts:
1. cell membrane - outer boundary of the cell
2. cytoplasm - jelly-like fluid interior of the cell
3. nucleus - the "control center" of the cell, contains the cell's DNA (chromosomes)
4. organelles - "little organs" that carry out cell functions
Cell Part
Function
Mitochondria
Energy center or "powerhouse" of the cell.
Turns food into useable energy (ATP)
Ribosomes
Make protein
Golgi Apparatus
Processes, packages and secretes proteins. Like
a factory.
Lysosome
Contains digestive enzymes, breaks things down,
"suicide sac"
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth ER - no
ribosomes
Rough ER - ribosomes
Transport, "intracellular highway". Ribosomes
are positioned along the rough ER, protein made
by the ribosomes enter the ER for transport.
Nucleolus
Located inside the nucleus, makes ribosomes
Vacuole
Stores water or other substances, plant cells
contain a large central vacuole.
Chloroplast
Uses sunlight to create food, photosynthesis
(only found in plant cells)
Cell Wall
Provides additional support (plant and bacteria
cells)
Microtubules
Part of the cytoskeleton, function in support
Animal Cell
Plant Cell