CONTENTS
Page
Preface
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
THESES ON FEUERBACH. By Karl Marx . . . . . .
FEUER BACH. OPPOSITION OF THE MATERIALISTIC AND
IDEALISTIC OUTLOOK (Chapter I of The German Ideology). By
Karl Marx ann Frederick Engels . . . . . . . .
(I)
(1.) Ideology in General, German Ideology in Particular
(2. Premises of the Materialistic Conception of History)
[3. Production and Intercourse. Division of Labour and Forms of
Property: Tribal, Ancient, Feudal) . . . . . .
[4. The Essence of the Materialistic Conception of History. Social
Being and Social Consciousness)
(II)
[1. Conditions of the Real Liberation of Man)
[2. Criticism of Feuerbach's Contemplative and Inconsistent
Materialism) . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . _ . . .
[3. Primary Historical Relationships, or the Basic Aspects of Social
Activity: Production of the Means of Subsistence, Production of
New Needs, Reproduction of People (the Family), Social Communication, Consciousness) . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . .
[4. Social Division of Labour and Its Consequences: Private
Property, the State, "Estrangement" of Social Activity) . . . .
[5. Development of the Productive Forces as a Material Premise
of Communism) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
[6. Conclusions from the Materialistic Conception of History:
Continuity of the Historical Process, Transformation of History into World History, the Necessity of a Communist Revolution)
(7. Summary of the Materialistic Conception of History)
[8. Unfoundedness of the Former, Idealistic Conception of History,
of German Post-Hegelian Philosophy in Particular) . . . . . _
[9. Additional Criticism of Feuerbach, of His Idealistic Conception
of History) . . . . . . _ _ . . . . . . _ . . _ . . .
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13
16
16
17
19
21
24
26
26
27
30
34
37
38
41
43
45
CONTENTS
6
47
(III)
(1. The Ruling Class and Ruling Consciousness. Formation of Hegel's
Conception of the Domination of the Spirit in History)
47
(1. Instruments of Production and Forms of Property)
51
(IV)
51
(2. The Division of Material and Mental Labour. Separation of Town
and Country. The Guild-System)
[3. Further Division of Labour. Separation of Commerce and
Industry. Division of Labour Between the Various Towns.
Manufacture)
(4. The Most Complex Division of Labour. Big Industry)
(5. The Contradiction Between the Productive Forces and the
Form of Intercourse as the Basis of a Social Revolution)
[6. Competition of Individuals and the Formation of Classes.
Development of Contradictions Between Individuals and the
Conditions of Their Life. The Illusory Community of Individuals
in Bourgeois Society and the Real Unity of Individuals under
Communism. The Subjugation of Society's Conditions of Life to
the Power of United Individuals)
[7. Contradiction Between Individuals and the Conditions of Their
Life as a Contradiction Between the Productive Forces and the
Form of Intercourse. The Development of the Productive Forces
and the Change of the Forms of Intercourse)
[8. The Role of Violence (Conquest) in History)
[9. The Development of Contradiction Between the Productive
Forces and the Form of Intercourse in the Conditions of Big
Industry and Free Competition. Antithesis Between Labour
and Capital)
(lU. The Necessity, Conditions and Consequences of the Abolition
of Private Property)
[11.) The Relation of State and Law to Property
[12. Forms of Social Consciousness)
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNISM. By Frederick Engels
52
54
60
62
63
69
71
73
74
76
79
81
MANIFESTO OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY. By Karl Marx and
Frederick Engels
98
Preface to the German Edition of 1872
98
Preface to the Russian Edition of 1882
99
Preface to the German Edition of 1883. By Frederick Engels
101
From the Preface to the German Edition of 1890. By Frederick Engels
102
Preface to the Polish Edition of 1892. By Frederick Engels
104
Preface to the Italian Edition of 1893. By Frederick Engels
106
CONTENTS
7
MA:'IIIFESTO OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY
I. Bourgeois and
II. Proletarians
108
Proletarians
and
108
Communists
119
III. Socialist and Communist Literature
1. Reactionary Socialism
a. Feudal Socialism
b. Petty-Bourgeois Socialism
c. German, or "True", Socialism
2. Conservative, or Bourgeois, Socialism
3. Critical-Utopian Socialism and Communism
IV. Position of the Communists in Relation to the Various Existing
Opposition Parties
. . . . . . . . . .
THE BOURGEOISIE AND THE
Article. By Karl Marx
127
127
127
129
130
133
134
136
COU:'IITER-REVOLUTION. Second
138
U2
WAGE LABOUR AND CAPITAL. By Karl llJarx
Introduction by Frederick Engels
WAGE LABOUR AND CAcPITAL
.
.
.
.
1+2
150
.
ADDRESS OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE TO THE COMl\1UNIST
LEAGUE. By Karl Marx and Frederick Engels .
THE CLASS STRUGGLES IN FRANCE, 1848 TO 1850. By Karl Marx
Introduction by Frederick Engels . . . . .
THE CLASS STRUGGLES IN FRANCE, 1848 TO 1850
I. The Defeat of June 1848
186
186
205
206
1849
228
III. Consequences of June 13, 1849
256
II. June
13,
286
IV. The Abolition of Universal Suffrage in 1850
REVOLUTION AND COUNTER-REVOLUTION
Frederick Engels . . .
. . . .
IN GERMANY.
I. Germany at the Outbreak of the Revolution
II. The
III. The
Prussian
Other
300
316
States
320
IV. Austria
V. The
Vienna
Insurrection
VI. The
Berlin
Insurrection
:326
329
VII. The Frankfort National Assembly
VIII. Poles, Tschechs and
Germans
.
IX. Panslavism. The Schleswig-Holstein War
X. The Paris Rising. The Frankfort Assembly
XI. The Vienna
300
308
State
German
By
Insurrection
.
.
333
337
341
344
347
CONTENTS
8
XII. The Storming of Vienna. The Betrayal of Vienna
.
. . 352
XIII. The Prussian Constituent Assembly. The National Assembly
359
XIV. The Restoration of Order. Diet and Chamber
363
368
XV. The Triumph of Prussia
.
.
.
.
. .
.
.
XVI. The National Assembly and the Governments
XVIII. Petty
Traders
371
375
XVII. Insurrection
.
XIX. The Close of the Insurrection
378
382
THE LATE TRIAL AT COLOGNE. By Frederick Engels
388
THE EIGHTEENTH BRUMAIRE OF LOUIS BONAPARTE. By Karl
Marx
Author's Preface to the Second Edition . . . .
F. Engels's Preface to the Third German Edition
394
394
396
THE EIGHTEENTH BRUMAIRE OF LOUIS BONAPARTE
398
I.
398
II.
406
III.
417
IV.
431
V.
VI.
440
457
~I.
4U
THE BRITISH RULE IN INDIA. By Karl Marx
488
THE FUTURE RESULTS OF BRITISH RULE IN INDIA. By Karl Marx
494
SPEECH AT THE ANNIVERSARY OF THE PEOPLE'S PAPER.
By Karl Marx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500
PREFACE TO A CONTRIBUTION TO THE CRITIQUE OF POLITICAL
ECONOMY. By Karl Marx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502
KARL MARX, A CONTRIBUTIO,'V TO THE CRITIQUE OF POLITICAL
ECONOMY. By Frederick Engels
507
I.
507
II.
510
LETTERS. By Karl Marx
Marx to P. V. Annenkov in Paris, December ~8, (1846)
Marx to J. Weydemeyer in New York, March 5, 1852
Marx to Engels in Manchester, April 16, 1856
Marx to Engels in Ryde, September 25, 1857 .
517
517
528
528
529
CONTEl\TS
Notes . .
Name Index . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of Literary and Mythological ."'ames
Subject
Index..........
ILLUSTRATIONS:
Portrait of Karl Marx (1867)
Portrait of Frederick Engels (1877)
9
533
564
582
584