Topic 2
Input
Topic 2 Objectives
Define
Defineinput
inputand
andinput
inputdevices
devices
Explain
Explainhow
howaadigital
digitalcamera
cameraworks
works
List
Listthe
thecharacteristics
characteristicsof
ofaakeyboard
keyboard
Describe
Describedifferent
differentmouse
mousetypes
types
and
andhow
howthey
theywork
work
Summarize
Summarizehow
howvarious
variouspointing
pointing
devices
deviceswork
work
Explain
Explainhow
howvoice
voicerecognition
recognitionworks
works
Describe
Describevarious
variousinput
inputdevices
devices
for
forPDAs,
PDAs,smart
smartphones,
phones,and
andTablet
TabletPCs
PCs
Describe
Describeuses
usesof
ofPC
PCvideo
videocameras,
cameras,
Web
Webcams,
cams,and
andvideo
videoconferencing
conferencing
Discuss
Discussvarious
variousscanners
scannersand
andreading
reading
devices
devicesand
andhow
howthey
theywork
work
Explain
Explainthe
thetypes
typesof
ofterminals
terminals
Summarize
Summarizethe
thevarious
variousbiometric
biometric
devices
devices
What Is Input?
Data or instructions entered into memory of
computer
Input device is any hardware component that
allows users to enter data and instructions
p. 234 and 236 Fig. 5-1
Next
Input
What
are the two types of
input?
Data
Instructions
p. 234
Unprocessed text,
numbers, images,
audio, and video
Programs
Commands
User responses
Next
What are the three forms of instructions?
instructions?
Program
A series of instructions that
tells a computer how to perform
the tasks necessary to process
data into information
User response
An instruction you can issue
by replying to a question that
a computer program displays
Next
p. 5.3
Command
An instruction given to a
computer program
Users can issue commands by
typing or pressing keys on the
keyboard, clicking a mouse
button, speaking into a
microphone, or touching an area
of a screen
The Keyboard
What is a keyboard?
An input device
that contains keys
you press to enter
data into the
computer
p. 236 Fig. 5-2
Next
The Keyboard
How
is the keyboard divided?
Typing area
Letters of the alphabet, numbers,
punctuation marks, and other basic keys
arrangement of keys
Numeric keypad
• Calculator-style
arrangement of keys
Function keys
• Special keys programmed
Click to view
Web Link then click
to issue commands to typing area
Keyboards
a computer
Next
p. 5.4 Fig. 5-3
numeric keypad
function keys
The Keyboard
What
are some special types of keys?
SHIFT, CTRL, ALT and others
Used in combination with other keys to issue commands
Toggle key
• Switches between
two different states
such as the NUM
LOCK or CAPS
LOCK keys
Keys to position the
insertion point
• Insertion point is a
symbol that
indicates where on
the screen the next
Next
p. 5.4 Fig. 5-5 character you type
will display
pointer
pointer
insertion
insertion
point
point
The Keyboard
What are alternative forms for commands?
Many programs allow you to use key combination,
menu, or button to obtain same result
MICROSOFT WORD KEY COMBINATION EQUIVALENTS
Key
Combination
Menu |
Command
Copy
Shift+F2 or
Ctrl+C
Edit | Copy
Open
Ctrl+F12
File | Open
Paste
Ctrl+V
Edit | Paste
Command
p. 236
Button
Next
The Keyboard
What
Next
p. 5.5 Fig. 5-6
are the different types of keyboards?
QWERTY keyboard
Standard computer
keyboard named for the
layout of its typing area
Enhanced keyboard
12 function keys along the
top, 2 CTRL keys, 2 ALT
keys, and a set of arrow
and additional keys
between the typing area
and the numeric keypad
The Keyboard
What
Next
p. 5.5 Fig. 5-6
are the different types of keyboards?
Cordless keyboard
Battery-powered device
that transmits data using
wireless technology
Notebook and many handheld
keyboards
Built into the top of the
system unit
The Keyboard
What
is a portable keyboard?
A full-sized keyboard
you conveniently can
attach and remove from
a handheld computer
Next
p. 5.6 Fig. 5-7
The Keyboard
What
is an ergonomic keyboard?
Designed to minimize strain on your hands
and wrists
Ergonomics
incorporates
comfort,
efficiency, and
safety into the
design of
items in the
Next
workplace
p. 5.6 Fig. 5-8
The Keyboard
What
is a gaming
keyboard?
Designed specifically for users
that enjoy playing games on the
computer
Typically include programmable
keys so gamers can customize the
keyboard to the game being
played
The keys on gaming keyboards
light up so they are visible in all
lighting conditions
Pointing Devices
What
Next
p. 5.7
is a pointing device?
An input device
that allows you to
control a pointer
on the screen
A pointer is a
small symbol on
the screen
The pointer takes
several shapes
I-beam
block arrow
pointing hand
Pointing Devices
What
is the insertion point?
Blinking vertical bar that indicates where next
character you type will display
Pointer changes
location and shape
as you move mouse
or other pointing
device
p. 237 Fig. 5-3
Next
Pointing Devices
Pointing device controls
movement of pointer, also
called mouse pointer
What is a mouse?
Pointing device that fits under palm of hand
mouse buttons
Mechanical mouse
has rubber or metal
ball on underside
When the ball rolls in a
certain direction, electronic
circuits in the mouse
translate the movement of
the mouse into signals the
mouse pad
computer understands
p. 239 Fig. 5-5
wheel
button
ball
Next
Pointing Devices
What is an optical
Senses light to detect
mouse’s movement
More precise than
mechanical mouse
Connects using a
cable, or wireless
p. 239 Fig. 5-6
mouse?
Next
Pointing Devices
How do you use a mouse?
As you move mouse, pointer
on screen moves
Step 2. Move the mouse diagonally toward
the left until the pointer is positioned on the
Microsoft Outlook icon.
p. 240
Step 1. Place the mouse toward the right
of the mouse pad.
Pointing Devices
What
are common mouse operations?
Point
Point
Refer to Figure 5-7
page 240
Click
Click
DoubleDoubleclick
click
Drag
Drag
RightRightdrag
drag
Rotate
Rotate
wheel
wheel
FreeFreespin
spin
wheel
wheel
TripleTripleclick
click
Press
Press
wheel
wheel
button
button
RightRightclick
click
Tilt
Tilt
wheel
wheel
Other Pointing Devices
What
p. 241 Fig. 5-8
is a trackball?
Stationary pointing device
with a ball on its top or side
To move pointer, rotate ball
with thumb, fingers, or palm
of hand
Next
Other Pointing Devices
What
are a touchpad and
a pointing stick?
Touchpad is small, flat,
rectangular pointing device
sensitive to pressure and motion
Pointing stick is pointing device
shaped like pencil eraser
positioned between keys on
keyboard
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 5, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Touchpad or Pointing
Stick below Chapter 5
p. 241 - 242 Figs. 5-9—5-10
Next
Other Pointing Devices
What
is a light
pen?
Handheld input device
that can detect light
p. 242 Fig. 5-12
Press light pen against
screen surface and then
press button on pen
Next
Other Pointing Devices
What
is a touch
screen?
Touch areas of screen with
finger
Often used with kiosks
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 5, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Touch Screen
below Chapter 5
p. 243 Fig. 5-13
Next
Other Pointing Devices
What is a stylus and a digital pen?
Used with graphics tablets, flat electronic boards
Looks like a ballpoint pen, but uses pressure to write
text and draw lines
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 5, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Pen Input
below Chapter 5
p. 243 Fig. 5-14 and 5-15
Next
Gaming and Media Player
Controllers
What
are the types of game
controllers?
Gamepad
Joystick
Wheel
Light gun
Dance pad
Motion-sensing
game controller
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 5, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Wii Remote
below Chapter 5
p. 172 Fig. 5-10
Next
Other Pointing Devices
Gamepads
Control the movement and
actions of players or objects in
video games or computer games
On the gamepad, users press
buttons with their thumbs or
move sticks in various directions
to trigger events
Gamepads communicate with a
game console or personal
computer via wired or wireless
Gaming and Media Player Controllers
What are a joystick
Joystick is vertical
lever mounted
on a base
Wheel is
steering-wheel-type
input device
p. 242 Fig. 5-11
and a wheel?
Pedal simulates
car brakes and
accelerator
Next
Gaming and Media Player Controllers
Light guns
Dance pads
Use to shoot targets and moving objects after you
pull trigger on the weapon
Flat electronic device divided into panels that users
press with their feet in response to instructions from
a music video game
Motion-sensing Game Controller
allow the user to guide on screen elements by
moving handheld input device in predetermine
directions through the air
Gaming and Media Player
Controllers
What
is a touch-sensitive
pad?
Input device on a portable
media player that enables
users to scroll through
and play music, view
pictures, watch videos or
movies, adjust volume,
and customize settings
Click Wheel
p. 172 Fig. 5-11
Next
Other Pointing Devices
What
is a cursor?
A cursor is a device that looks similar
to a mouse, except it has a window
with cross hairs
The user can
see through
the window to
the tablet
Next
p. 5.13 Fig. 5-19
cursor
Other Pointing Devices
What is an electronic signature?
Also called an e-signature
Pen and graphics
tablet used with
special software
for handwriting
recognition
An electronic
signature is just
as legal as an ink
signature
Click to view Web Link
then click E-signatures
Next
p. 5.13 Fig. 5-20
Other Pointing Devices
What
Next
is handwriting recognition software?
Some notebooks and many handheld
computers have touch screens that
allow you to input data using a stylus
Software
translates
handwritten
letters and
symbols into
characters that
the computer
understands
p. 5.14 Fig. 5-21
Voice Input
What
Click to
view
animation
Next
p. 5.14
is voice input?
The process of entering data by speaking into a microphone
that is attached to the sound card on the computer
Voice recognition, also called speech recognition, is the
computer’s capability of distinguishing spoken words
speaker-dependent
software
speaker-independent
software
The computer makes a
profile
of yourspeech
voice
discrete
Has a built-in set of
word patterns
You have
tohave
train to
the
You
computer
toslowly
recognize
speak
and
your
voiceeach
separate
word with a short
pause
vs.
continuous
speech
You do not
have to
train a computer to
Allows you to
recognize your voice
speak in a flowing
conversational
tone
Voice Input
How
does voice recognition work?
Step 1. A user dictates text into a microphone.
Step 2. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) translates
sound waves into digital measurements computer can
process. Measurements include pitch, volume, silences, and
phonemes. Phonemes are sound units such as aw and guh.
10010111010110101100001101
Step 4. To narrow a list down, software presents user
Step 3. Software compares
with a list of choices or uses a natural language component
to predict most likely match. User may correct any
selection made by software.
spoken measurements with those
in its database to find a match or
list of possible matches.
Natural Language Engine
Matches
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 5, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Voice Input
below Chapter 5
p. 246
Next
Audio Input
What
Next
p. 5.16
is audio input?
The process of entering any sound into the computer
such as speech, music, and sound effects
Requires a sound card
Input sound via a device such as a microphone, tape
player, CD player, or radio
Windows stores audio files as waveforms
Called WAV files with a .Wav extension
Audio Input
What
is a MIDI (musical instrument
digital interface)?
External device, such as electronic piano
keyboard, to input music and sound
effects
p. 246 Fig. 5-19
Next
PDAs, Tablet PCs, and Smart
Phones
How
is a data
entered into a
PDA?
Check page
247
p. 247 Fig. 5-20
Next
PDAs,
PDAs, Tablet PCs, and Smart Phones
What
is a portable keyboard
and a docking station?
A portable keyboard is
a full-sized keyboard
you conveniently attach
to and remove from
PDA
A docking station is an
external device that
holds a mobile
computer
p. 248 Fig. 5-21
Next
PDAs,
PDAs, Tablet PCs, and Smart Phones
What
is a smart
phone?
p. 248 Fig. 5-22
Users can input and send
text messages, graphics,
pictures, video clips, and
sound files
Many have a built-in or
attachable camera
Next
PDAs,
PDAs, Tablet PCs, and Smart Phones
What
is a Tablet
PC?
Mobile computer that
includes handwriting
recognition software
Primary input device is a
pressure-sensitive digital
pen
p. 249 Fig. 5-23
Next
Digital Cameras
What
is a digital
camera?
Allows you to take
digital pictures
Images viewable
immediately on
camera
p. 250 Fig. 5-24
Download to
computer
Post pictures
to Web
Next
Digital Cameras
How
does a digital camera work?
Step 3. CCD generates an analog
Step 1. Point to the image to
Step 2. Image is focused on a
photograph and take picture.
Light passes into the lens of the
camera.
chip called a charge-coupled
device (CCD).
signal that represents the image.
Step 4. Analog signal is converted
to digital signal by analog-todigital converter (ADC).
Step 5. Digital signal processor
(DSP) adjusts quality of image and
usually stores digital image on
miniature mobile storage media in
the camera.
Step 7. Using software
supplied with the
camera, images are
viewed on screen,
incorporated into
documents, edited, and
printed.
p. 251 Fig. 5-25
Step 6. Images are transferred to a
computer’s hard disk by plugging one
end of the cable into a camera and the
other end into a computer; or images
are copied to hard disk from storage
media used in the camera.
Next
Digital Cameras
What is resolution?
Sharpness and clarity of image
The higher the resolution, the better the image
quality, but the more expensive the camera
Pixel (picture element)
is single point in
electronic image
p. 252 Fig. 5-26
Greater the number of
pixels, the better the
image quality
Next
Video Input
What is video input?
Process of entering full-motion images
into computer
Video capture card is
adapter card that converts
analog video signal into
digital signal that
computer can use
Digital video (DV)
camera records video as
digital signals
p. 253 Fig. 5-27
Next
Video Input
What
are a PC video camera and a
Web cam?
PC video camera — DV camera used to capture video
and still images, and to make
video telephone calls on Internet
c
c
Also called PC camera
Web cam — video camera
whose output displays on
a Web page
c
c
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 5, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click PC Video Cameras
below Chapter 5
p. 253 Fig. 5-28
Next
Video Input
What is video conferencing?
Two or more geographically separated people
who use network or Internet to transmit
audio and video data
p. 254 Fig. 5-29
Whiteboard is
another window on
screen that can
display notes and
drawings
simultaneously on
all participants’
screens
Next
Scanners and Reading Devices
Flatbed
What
is a scanner?
Light-sensing device that
reads printed text and
graphics
Used for image processing,
converting paper documents
into electronic images
Pen or
Handheld
Sheet-fed
Drum
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 5, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Scanners
below Chapter 5
p. 255 Fig. 5-30
Next
Scanners and Reading Devices
What is an optical reader?
Device that uses light source to read characters, marks,
and codes and then converts them into digital data
p. 257 Fig. 5-32
Optical character recognition
(OCR) reads characters in
OCR font
Optical mark recognition
(OMR) reads hand-drawn pencil
marks, such as small circles
Next
Scanners and Reading Devices
What is optical character recognition (OCR)?
A technology that involves reading typewritten, computerprinted, or handwritten characters from ordinary
documents and translating the images into a form that the
computer can understand
Software
Works with an
optical scanner to
convert a scanned
image into a text file
that can be edited
Next
p. 5.26
OCR device
Includes a small optical
scanner for reading
characters and
sophisticated software for
analyzing what is read
Scanners and Reading Devices
What
Next
p. 5.27 Fig. 5-35
is an OCR font?
An OCR font, such as OCR-A, is used with OCR
devices
An OCR device determines the shapes of
characters by detecting patterns of light and dark
OCR software converts the shapes into characters
the computer can understand
Scanners and Reading Devices
What
is optical mark recognition (OMR)?
Reads handdrawn marks
such as small
circles or
rectangles
A person places
these marks on a
form, such as a
test, survey, or
questionnaire
answer sheet
Next
p. 5.28 Fig. 5-37
Scanners and Reading Devices
What is a bar code reader?
Uses laser beams to read bar codes
p. 258 Fig. 5-34
Next
Scanners and Reading Devices
What
is a bar code?
Identification code that consists of a set of vertical
lines and spaces of different widths
Universal Product
Code (UPC)
p. 258 Fig. 5-35
Next
Scanners and Reading Devices
What is a magnetic-ink character recognition
(MICR) reader?
p. 260 Fig. 5-38
Can read text printed with magnetized ink
Banking industry almost exclusively uses MICR
for check processing
Next
Scanners and Reading Devices
What
is a data collection device?
Obtains data directly at location where transaction
or event takes place
Transmits data over
network
or Internet
p. 261 Fig. 5-39
Next
Scanners and Reading Devices
What
Next
p. 5.31 Fig. 5-42
is wireless input?
A handheld computer or device is used to collect data
wirelessly at the location where the transaction or
event takes place
Later the data is transferred to a desktop computer
through a docking station
Other Input Devices
What
is an RFID
reader?
Reads information on
the tag via radio waves
p. 259 Fig. 5-36
Can be handheld
devices or mounted in a
stationary object
Next
Other Input Devices
What
is a magnetic stripe card
reader?
Reads the magnetic
stripe on the back of a
credit card
Exposure to a magnetic
field can erase the
contents of a card’s
magnetic stripe
p. 260 Fig. 5-37
Next
Examination Q Oct 2006
Some
input devices save users time by
eliminating manual data entry. These
devices capture data from a source
document, which is the original form of
the data. Examples of source documents
are time cards, order forms, invoices,
inventory tags, and advertisements.
Give and explain FOUR (4) of the above
input devices.
Biometric Input
What is biometrics?
Authenticates person’s identity
by verifying personal
characteristic
Fingerprint scanner captures
curves and indentations of
fingerprint
Hand geometry system measures
shape and size of person’s hand
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 5, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Biometric Input
below Chapter 5
p. 262 Fig. 5-42 and 5-43
Next
Biometric Input
What are examples of biometric technology?
Voice verification system compares live
speech with stored voice pattern
Signature verification system recognizes
shape of signature
Iris recognition system reads
patterns in blood vessels in back
of eye
Biometric data is sometimes stored
on smart card, which stores
personal data on microprocessor
embedded in card
p. 263 Figs. 5-44—5-45
Next
Examination Q Nov 2005
A
company is looking on the security
access to the company’s workplace and
information. One of the ways is by using
biometrics technology of authenticating a
person’s identity by verifying a personal
characteristic, particularly fingerprint
scanner and face recognition system.
Explain fingerprint scanner and face
recognition and discuss generally its
application to the company
Terminals
What
is a terminal?
A device that performs both input and output because it
consists of a monitor (output), a keyboard (input), and a
video card
Three basic categories
dumb
terminals
Next
p. 6.27
intelligent
terminals
specialpurpose
terminals
Terminals
What
is a dumb terminal?
Has no processing power so it cannot
function as an independent device
Can enter and transmit data
to, or receive and display
information from, a computer
to which it is connected
Connect to a host computer
that performs the processing
and then sends the output
back to the dumb terminal
Next
p. 6.27 Fig. 6-36
Terminals
What
Next
p. 6.28
is an intelligent terminal?
Has memory and a
processor that has the
capability of
performing some
functions independent
of the host computer
Sometimes called
programmable
terminals because
they can be
programmed by the
software developer to
perform basic tasks
Terminals
What
Click to view
Web Link
then click
POS Terminals
Next
p. 6.28 Fig. 6-37
is a point-of-sale (POS) terminal?
Records purchases at the
point where the consumer
purchases a product or a
service
Output from POS terminals
serve as input to other
computers to maintain
sales records, update
inventory, verify credit,
and perform other
activities associated with
the sales transactions that
are critical to running the
business
POS
terminal
Terminals
What is an automated teller machine (ATM)?
A self-service banking
machine that connects to
a host computer through
a telephone network
Insert a plastic bankcard
with a magnetic strip into
the ATM
Enter your password,
called a personal
identification number
(PIN), to access your
bank account
Next
p. 6.29 Fig. 6-37
Summary of Input
Keyboard,
Keyboard,mouse,
mouse,and
andother
other
pointing
pointingdevices
devices
Voice
Voiceinput
input
Input
Inputdevices
devicesfor
forPDAs,
PDAs,smart
smartphones,
phones,
and
andTablet
TabletPCs
PCs
Digital
Digitalcameras
cameras
Video
VideoInput
Input
Scanners
Scannersand
andreading
readingdevices
devices
Terminals
Terminals
Topic 2 Complete
Biometric
Biometricinput
input