AUDIO- VISUAL AIDS
Objectives
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List three common faults with audiovisual aids
List five audio-visual aids and one
advantage and disadvantage of each
Prepare at least two overhead
transparencies using the materials
provided during a workshop
Instructor Development Course
Objectives
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Demonstrate the correct use of at least
three audio-visual aids. The use will be
demonstrated during the trainee’s
formal fifty minute presentation during
the final week of the course
Instructor Development Course
Audio-Visual Aids - Definition
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Any device or piece of equipment that is
used to help present information on a
subject by stimulating a response
May be a sight or sound device
May be a combination of these
Instructor Development Course
Audio-Visual Aids -Purpose
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Used to reinforce verbal communication
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Audio-Visual Aid Uses
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Stimulate interest and emphasize
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Promote efficiency
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Clarify subject matter
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Common Faults With
Audio -Visual Aids
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Do not replace the instructor
Illustrations are too crowded
Colors are misused
Letters and symbols are illegible
Instructor Development Course
Sense Perception
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Sight is the most highly developed among the
five senses
The most effective verbal communication is
enhanced through oral and visual messages
75% of our learning is through sight
13% of our learning is through hearing
Students retain 50% of what they see and
hear
Instructor Development Course
Selection of Audio-Visual Aids
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Considerations
– Instructor experience
– Subject matter of presentation
– Size of room
– Composition of students
– Length of presentation
– Resources available
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Determining Use of Visual Aids
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Write out your message
Look for visuals
Sketch the graphics
Try the audio and visual combination
Instructor Development Course
Types of Visual Aids
Chalkboard, Dry Write
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Simple
Direct
Inexpensive
Versatile
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tm Board
Uses
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symbols
key phrases
illustrations
development of
ideas
Instructor Development Course
Chalkboard, Dry Write
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tm Board
Advantages
– Easy to make changes
– Excellent two-way communication
– Inexpensive
– Good for step-by-step instruction
Instructor Development Course
Chalkboard, Dry Write
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tm Board
Disadvantages
– Not portable
– Not permanent
– Poor for showing details
– Time consuming
– Loss of eye contact with the class
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Flip Chart
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Prepared on heavy duty paper or other
flexible material
Prepared prior to the presentation
Vary in size
– 11 x 17 inches to 30 x 40 inches
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Flip Chart
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Advantages
– Inexpensive
– Easy to prepare and make changes
– Easy to transport
– Simple to set up
– No special lighting
– Reusable
– Step by step instruction
Instructor Development Course
Flip Chart
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Disadvantages
– Charts get dirty and ragged with use
– Attached art work may not roll up easily
– Tape-ons can fall off as they lose adhesive
– Class size limited to those who can see the
chart clearly
Instructor Development Course
Poster
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Prepared on heavy weight illustrative
boards
Allow for more sophistication
Photographs and 3D objects can be
attached
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Poster
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Advantages
– Wide range of illustrative techniques can
be used
– Permanent record
– Reusable
– Easy to set up
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Poster
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Disadvantages
– Bulky
– Repeated use can cause poster to break or
bend
– Less portable
– May warp
– Difficult to make changes
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Photographic Slides
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Color slides
A combination of photographic and
illustrative techniques
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Photographic Slides
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Advantages
– Subject matter is unlimited
– Can be easily rearranged
– Permanent and easy to handle and carry
– Projection equipment easily available
– Can be easily duplicated
– Presentation can be stopped for discussion
Instructor Development Course
Photographic Slides
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Disadvantages
– Room needs to be dark
– Requires time and special equipment
– More expensive than flipcharts
– Requires set up time and testing
– Equipment may fail
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Overhead Projector
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Produces an image indirectly by means
of a mirror and a condensing lens
Images are printed on transparencies
Transparencies can be 10” x 10” in size
Instructor Development Course
Overhead Projector
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Advantages
– Instructor can face the class and present
information
– Easy to prepare and modify
– Can use step-by-step presentations
– Preparation is easy and inexpensive
– Handouts can be made directly from the
transparency
– Permanent and reusable
Instructor Development Course
Overhead Projector
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Disadvantages
– May require a darkened room
– Projection equipment may not be available
– Projection may change if not set up
properly
– Difficult to manipulate
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Audio Recordings
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Reel, cassette tape, compact discs
Actual events can be played back to the
class
Excellent for training that requires
repetition
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Audio Recordings
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Advantages
– Easy to use and provide a permanent,
reusable record
– Can record real episodes
– Recorders are portable
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Audio Recordings
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Disadvantages
– Only provide the oral portion of an episode
not the visual
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Videotape
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Excellent to show reactions to behavior
of a group or individual
Instructor must be familiar with the
operation of the equipment and the
effective use of the videotape
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Videotape
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Advantages
– Instant replay of subject material
– Permanent and reusable
– Versatile media
– Allows both the audio and visual to be
recorded
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Videotape
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Disadvantages
– Requires practice
– May be bulky to handle all the equipment
– May distract students while they are being
vidoetaped
Instructor Development Course
Models
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An actual replication of the object under
discussion
Usually made to scale
Have movable and removable parts
Excellent instructional aids
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Models
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Advantages
– Having the real thing in the classroom
– Permanent and reusable
– Adds realism to training instruction
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Models
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Disadvantages
– Expensive
– Can require skill to use in front of the
classroom
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Handouts
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Any written material to be covered in
class or information that supports the
material covered during class
Can cover a lot of in depth material
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Handouts
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Advantages
– Good for covering forms
– Can cover in depth material
– Inexpensive
– Easy to make changes to small handouts
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Handouts
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Disadvantages
– Student will spend class time going over a
handout if it is not covered in class
– Difficult to make changes if the handout is
large
– Current forms need to be constantly
updated
– Spelling must be checked
Instructor Development Course
Demonstrations
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Show the trainee how the task is to be
preformed
Shows realism
Excellent for learning skills
Requires practice
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Demonstrations
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Advantages
– Good for skills training
– Student will walk out with in depth
knowledge of a task
– Allows interaction between instructor and
trainee
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Demonstrations
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Disadvantages
– Time consuming
– Low student to instructor ratio
– Instructor must perform well so trainee will
perform well
– Needs extra equipment
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Computer Presentations
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The use of a computer and a projector
to show information
Versions like PowerPoint tm and Corel
Presentations tm
Directly produces and image on the
screen
Good for showing graphics
Instructor Development Course
Computer Presentations
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Advantages
– Instructor faces the class while presenting
information
– Handouts can be made directly from the
slides
– Permanent and reusable
– Animation and movement are possible
– Easy and inexpensive
Instructor Development Course
Computer Presentations
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Disadvantages
– May require a darkened room
– Equipment may not be readily available
– Knowledge and skills are required to
produce and perform
Instructor Development Course
How to Use Computer
Presentations
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Turn on computer and load
PowerPointtm
Building a basic presentation
– Click on new slide
– Choose a slide layout
– Fill in text
– Save
Instructor Development Course
How to Use Computer
Presentations
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Adding a background
– Go to format and Apply design
– Pick a design already set up or create your
own background by choosing a colot
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Animation
– Click on slide sorter view and pick the
effect or transition wanted
– Save
Instructor Development Course
How to Use Computer
Presentations
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Inserting images
– Go to insert from toolbar
– Choose what file or clipart, this will
automatically go into the slide
– Save
Outline
– Choose outline from the toolbar
– Provides an outline format of the text for
easier use
Instructor Development Course
How to Use Computer
Presentations
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Notes
– Go to View Notes Page on the toolbar
– This allows the user to make notes under
the slide
Printing
– Go to file and print
– Select handouts
– Print in color or black and white
– Slides can be used as handouts
Instructor Development Course
Audio - Visual Tips
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Select the correct aid
Prepare prior to instruction
Be familiar with the equipment
Know how to use the aid
Make sure all students can see and
hear the aid
Check for effect on the class
Instructor Development Course
Audio - Visual Tips
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Practice using different types of aids
Do not get in to a rut
Be flexible
Experiment
Select an audio visual aid that is
appropriate for reaching the training
objective
Instructor Development Course
Instructional Objective Review
„
„
„
List three common faults with audiovisual aids
List five audio-visual aids and one
advantage and disadvantage of each
Prepare at least two overhead
transparencies using the materials
provided during a workshop
Instructor Development Course
Instructional Objective Review
„
Demonstrate the correct use of at least
three audio-visual aids. The use will be
demonstrated during the trainee’s
formal fifty minute presentation during
the final week of the course
Instructor Development Course