Ice Cream Lab
S8P1 b. Describe the difference between pure substances (elements and compounds) and mixtures.
c. Describe the movement of particles in solids, liquids, gases, and plasmas states.
d. Distinguish between physical and chemical properties of matter
e. Distinguish between changes in matter as physical or chemical
S8P2.d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter
Materials
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1 cup milk or cream
1/4 cup sugar
1/4 teaspoon vanilla or vanilla flavoring
1/2 to 3/4 cup sodium chloride (NaCl) as table salt or rock salt
2 cups ice
1-quart ZiplocTM bag
1-gallon ZiplocTM bag
thermometer
measuring cups and spoons
cups and spoons for eating your experiment
Procedure
Observe each ingredient. Research and complete the table.
Ingredient
Physical Properties
Milk
Sugar
Vanilla
flavoring
Ice
Ice cream
Include temp
before it
melts
Include
temp after it
melts
Chemical
Properties
Element,
compound or
mixture?
How do you
know?
(explain your
answers in the
previous column)
1. Add 1/4 cup sugar, 1 cup whole milk or cream, and 1/4 teaspoon vanilla to the quart ziplocTM bag. Push out as
much air from the bag as possible and seal the bag securely.
2. Put 2 cups of ice into the gallon ZiplocTM bag.
3. Use a thermometer to measure and record the temperature of the ice in the gallon bag.
4. Add 1/2 to 3/4 cup salt (sodium chloride) to the bag of ice.
5. Place the sealed quart bag inside the gallon bag of ice and salt. Seal the gallon bag securely.
6. Gently rock the gallon bag from side to side. It's best to hold it by the top seal because the bag will be very cold.
7. Continue to rock the bag for about 10 minutes or until the contents of the quart bag have solidified into ice
cream.
8. Open the gallon bag and use the thermometer to measure and record the temperature of the ice/salt mixture.
9. Remove the quart bag and record the properties of the ice cream.
ANALYSIS QUESTIONS
1.
What state of matter was the milk when you began?
2. What state of matter was the milk when you were done?
3. In order to change the phase of the milk, what had to be removed?
4. What happened to the heat energy that left the milk?
5. Why was the salt added to the ice?
6. If you did not add sugar would the ice cream have frozen faster? Why?
7. Why did the outside of the bag get wet? (Assume that your bag did not spring a leak.)
8. After eating it, did the ice cream undergo a physical or chemical change? Explain.