5 Exploring Our World Activity Book Answers Page 3 1 1 leave 2 exciting 3 dry 4 trees 5 explorer 6 Antarctica 2 free answers Page 4–5 1 1 river 2 forest 3 compass 4 space 5 mountain 6 map 2 1 Explorers have changed the world. 2 Most explorers travel because they are curious. 3 Some early explorers hoped to get rich. 4 Explorers have discovered new ways of farming. 5 Modern explorers are still finding new things. 3 1 food 2 selling 3 remote 4 first 5 north 6 cures 4 1 Because they wanted to find food and water. 2 He was the first person to climb all 14 mountains that are more than 8,000 meters high. 3 They used only the stars. 4 Chinese people 5 It tells you which direction you are traveling in. 6 They use satellites. Page 6–7 1 1 North America 2 Pacific Ocean 3 Atlantic Ocean 4 Europe 5 Africa 6 South America 7 Asia 8 Indian Ocean 9 Antarctica 2 1 trade 2 inventions 3 thought 4 Norway 5 continent 3 1 People started in Africa. 2 There were people in most parts of Africa, Asia, and Europe. 3 People first arrived in America. 4 The first Chinese explorer sailed to Africa. 5 People first traveled to Asia. 6 Dutch explorers discovered Australia. 7 People explored Antarctica. 4 1 Ibn Battuta 2 Marco Polo 3 Christopher Columbus 4 Ferdinand Magellan 5 Abel Tasman 6 James Cook 7 Zheng He Page 8–9 1 (top to bottom, left to right): geologist, dinosaur, ancient, fossil, volcano, earthquake 1 geologist 2 volcano 3 earthquake 4 fossil 5 ancient 6 dinosaur 2 1 There are lots of people who explore the past. 2 Earth is covered by big pieces of rock called plates. 3 When they move, plates can cause an earthquake. 4 When ancient animals died, they were buried under mud. 3 1 e 2 d 3 c 4 a 5 f 6 b 4 1 fossilized, million, discoveries, information 2 objects, past, believed, clothes Page 10–11 1 1 30% 2 bigger 3 four 4 stones 5 dry 6 Antarctica 2 1 People have explored deserts for many years. True 2 Only 25% of deserts are sandy. True 3 It often snows in Antarctica. False 4 The largest hot desert in the world is in Mongolia. False 5 Not much grows in the desert. True 6 In 1922 an American explorer found gold in the Gobi Desert. False 3 1 How; In a mule-cart. 2 Where; In the Gobi Desert in Mongolia. 3 Why; Because the wind blows the sand around and changes the landscape. 4 Who; The French explorer René Caillé 5 What; Camels 6 When; 1977 4 1 less, rain 2 Underground, precious 3 camel, coast Page 12–13 1 1 sugar 2 nuts 3 rubber 4 fruit 5 medicines 6 chocolate 7 spices 8 coffee 9 chewing gum. All these things come from rainforests. 2 1 governments, money, route, trading 2 source, longest 3 important, half 3 Meriwether Lewis, American, Missouri, North America; Mary Kingsley, British, Ogowe, Africa; Francisco de Orellana, Spanish, Amazon, South America 4 1 d 2 f 3 b 4 a 5 e 6 c Page 14–15 1 (top to bottom, left to right): land, research, cube, minerals, poles, fossils 1 poles 2 cube 3 land 4 fossils 5 research 6 minerals 2 1 The Arctic and the Antarctic were the first last places to be explored. 2 Near the poles, you can see the midnight sun in winter summer. 3 In the past, Antarctica was cold warm. 4 The oil and gas under the Antarctic are easy hard to get to. 5 The first Arctic explorers came from Europe Asia. 3 1 The first European explorers arrived in the Arctic in about 1500. 2 Vitus Bering was the first explorer to find the Northeast Passage. 3 Roald Amundsen found a way around the top of Alaska. 4 The first explorers to cross Antarctica were led by Vivian Fuchs. 4 1 Scott 2 Amundsen 3 Scott 4 Scott 5 Amundsen 6 Scott 7 Amundsen 8 Amundsen 9 Scott 10 Amundsen PHOTOCOPIABLE © Oxford University Press Page 16–17 1 1 underground, crash 2 chain, ocean 3 Geologists, rocks 4 archaeologists, remains 5 statues, volcano 2 1 Mountains are made of rock and soil. 2 Mountains are much higher than the land around them. 3 The biggest mountain chain is the Himalayas. 4 Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. 5 The longest mountain chain on land is the Andes. 3 1 25% 2 millions 3 5 4 16,000 5 2,000 6 500 7 15 4 1 c 2 b 3 a 4 b 5 a Page 18–19 1 1 Iron 2 fish 3 Pearls 4 oil 5 Seaweed 6 salt 2 1 false 2 false 3 true 4 false 5 true 6 true 3 1 five 2 4,000 million years ago 3 25,000 4 Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus 5 some new types of fish 4 1 record, diver, underwater 2 better, further 3 robots, information 4 least Page 20–23 1 1 leave 2 exciting 3 dry 4 trees 5 explorer 6 Antarctica 2 1 source 2 fossil 3 portuguese 4 oceans 5 Amundsen 6 Scott 7 Columbus 8 oil 9 cures 10 GPS 11 plates 12 precious 13 seaweed 3 1 compass, page 6 2 Egypt, page 14 3 explorers, page 8 4 chain, page 28 5 Nile, page 21 6 China, page 9 7 Everest, page 31 8 geologists, page 29 9 Asia, page 26 10 stars, page 6 11 Sahara, page 16 12 Aztec, page 15 4 Regular verbs: travel, traveled; use, used; cover, covered; reach, reached. Irregular verbs: know, knew; think, thought; write, wrote; make, made 5 1 traveled, travel 2 knew, know 3 wrote, made 4 reached, thought 5 used, use 6 cover, think 6 René Caillé was a French Explorer. He was the first man to travel across the Sahara Desert. Junko Tabei is a Japanese climber. She was the first woman to climb to the top of Everest. Roald Amundsen was a Norwegian explorer. He was the first man to get to the South Pole. James Cook was a British sailor. He was the first explorer to cross the Antarctic Circle. Free answer. Oxford Read and Discover ● Activity Book Answers – Level 58 5 Great Migrations Activity Book Answers Page 3 1 1 move 2 sun 3 eat 4 food 5 winter 6 babies 2 free answers Page 4–5 1 1 animals 2 food 3 year 4 complete 5 partial 6 leave 2 Example answers 1 Migrants are animals that migrate. 2 Migrants sometimes find it difficult to get food and water when they are traveling. 3 Migrants are in danger from bad weather and predators. 4 Animals migrate to find food, water, and a safe place to live or breed. 3 1 Animals see things that tell them to migrate. True 2 Some animals migrate when the days get longer. True 3 Some animals migrate when the weather gets hotter. True 4 Animals migrate when there is a lot of food. False 5 Hormones make migrants eat a lot before their journey. True 4 1 mountains 2 smells 3 sun 4 coasts 5 sounds 6 stars 7 Earth’s magnetic field; Things that migrants can see to find their way: mountains, sun, coasts, stars; Other things: smells, sounds, Earth’s magnetic field Page 6–7 1 1 China, godwit 2 Alaska, godwit 3 Wisconsin, crane 4 New Zealand, godwit 5 Florida, crane 2 1 migrate 2 world 3 long 4 south 5 north 6 the Tropics 3 1 food 2 double 3 muscles 4 molt 5 dangers 6 hunters 7 skyscrapers 8 habitats 4 Example answers 1 They learn from their parents or other older birds. 2 Because the air from the wings of the bird at the front helps the other birds to fly. 3 Whooping cranes have learned to migrate by following planes. 4 Because it’s always warm there. Page 8–9 1 1 old skin 2 larva 3 tree 4 south 5 eggs 6 dragonfly 2 1 Dragonflies live underwater for most of their lives. 2 When larvae become adults, their old skin comes off. 3 Some dragonflies migrate to warmer habitats in fall. 4 Monarch butterflies sleep in trees in the winter months. 3 1 Young locusts change color when there are too many locusts. 2 Millions of fruit bats in Africa migrate when there is a lot of rain. 3 In a locust swarm, there are up to one billion locusts. 4 In places that get cold in winter, there are fewer insects. 4 1 swarms 2 200 3 night 4 dawn 5 5,000 Page 10–11 1 1 reindeer 2 wolf 3 sheep 4 caribou 5 chamois 6 goat 7 deer 8 bear 2 1 Norway lemmings can have eight babies every month. True 2 When there are many lemmings, there is enough food for them. False 3 Lemmings sometimes swim across rivers and lakes. True 4 Lemmings never die when they migrate. False 5 When they migrate, frogs and toads move about 10 kilometers. False 6 It’s easy for predators to kill frogs and toads when they migrate. True 3 1 land 2 mountains 3 Reindeer 4 herd 5 grass 6 snow 4 Example answers 1 Because our climate is changing. 2 They migrate to breed. 3 They breed in water. 4 People sometimes build special tunnels. Page 12–13 1 1 elephant 2 leopard 3 crocodile 4 zebra 5 gazelle 6 wildebeest 7 lion 8 hyena 2 1 What seasons are there on the African plains? There is a wet season and a dry season. 2 How many wildebeest are there in Tanzania and Kenya? There are more than a million. 3 How far do wildebeest travel when they migrate? They travel up to 3,000 kilometers. 4 Where do wildebeest have their young? They have their young at the Serengeti. 5 In rivers, what animals attack the herds of wildebeest? Crocodiles attack the herds of wildebeest. 3 Animals at the Serengeti: wildebeest, leopards, lions, hyenas, zebras, gazelles; Animals at the Okavango Delta: dragonflies, cranes, deer, buffaloes, elephants, giraffes 4 1 Elephants migrate to look for food and water. 2 It is called musth. 3 An adult elephant needs about 100 kilograms of food every day. 4 It is in the Kalahari Desert in Botswana in Africa. PHOTOCOPIABLE © Oxford University Press Page 14–15 1 1 humpback whale 2 emperor penguin 3 krill 4 mammal 5 squid 6 gray whale 7 tuna 8 fish 9 plankton 10 dolphin 2 1 polar 2 Humpback 3 songs 4 Penguins, stomachs 5 Antarctic, squid 6 ice, breeding 7 female, eggs 8 male, feet 3 1 coral reefs 2 breed 3 tuna 4 plankton 5 vertical 4 1 Humpback whales and gray whales can find lots of krill in polar oceans in summer. 2 Male emperor penguins have to wait for up to 16 weeks for eggs to hatch. 3 Fish in coral reefs can hide easily from predators under the coral. 4 In winter, whales have to migrate back to warmer oceans to breed. Page 16–17 1 eel, ocean, larvae, eggs, die, predator; 1 eel 2 predator 3 die 4 larvae 5 ocean 6 eggs 2 1 salt, fresh 2 salmon 3 smell 4 silver, red 5 predators 3 1 Eels migrate from fresh water to salt water to breed. True 2 Eel larvae move with ocean currents. True 3 Adult eels become red. False 4 Turtles lay their eggs in a different place every year. False 5 Scientists think that turtles can follow Earth’s magnetic field. True 4 Example answers 1 They migrate up rivers and streams. 2 They breed in the ocean. 3 They migrate thousands of kilometers to breed. 4 They lay their eggs on land. 5 They go to the ocean and swim away. Page 18–19 1 1 fishing 2 pollution 3 roads 4 wind turbines 5 factories 6 power lines 7 dams 8 hunting 9 carbon dioxide 10 vehicles; dangerous 2 1 habitats 2 hunting 3 trees 4 warm 5 ice 6 migrating 3 1 Arctic 2 spring 3 seals 4 markers 5 habitats 6 crabs 4 Example answers 1 Their main food is seals. 2 They migrate south to the land. 3 Because there is less ice to walk on. 4 They help scientists to see where animals are migrating. 5 We need to keep Earth clean and safe. Page 20–23 1 1 move 2 sun 3 eat 4 food 5 winter 6 babies 2 1 bat 2 migrant 3 migration 4 frogs 5 predators 6 weight 7 cranes 8 landmarks 9 larvae 10 sun 11 caribou 12 lemming 3 1 wildebeest, page 20 2 markers, page 35 3 hormones, page 5 4 locusts, page 14 5 whales, page 24 6 stars, page 6 7 monarch, page 13 8 reindeer, page 17 9 carbon dioxide, page 33 10 salmon, page 28 11 polar bears, page 34 12 eels, page 30 4 Regular verbs: migrate, migrated; hatch, hatched; look, looked; live, lived; walk, walked; Irregular verbs: make, made; feed, fed; eat, ate; fly, flew; swim, swam 5 1 have to 2 can 3 can 4 have to 5 have to 6 can 6 (chart) Birds: godwit, emperor penguin, whooping crane; Fish: tuna, salmon, eel; Mammals: fruit bat, humpback whale, lemming; Insects: dragonfly, monarch butterfly, desert locust; 1 Example answer Bird: godwit. Godwits fly further without stopping than any other bird. 2-5 free answers Oxford Read and Discover ● Activity Book Answers – Level 59 5 Homes Around the World Activity Book Answers Page 3 1 1 caves 2 Incas 3 tents 4 the Arctic 5 shanty towns 6 oxen 2 free answers Pages 4–5 1 1 cave 2 straw house 3 wooden houses 4 stone houses 5 castles 6 mud house 2 Caves: dark, animal skin doors; Straw and Mud Houses: dry bricks, flat roofs; Stone Houses: thatched roofs, cut blocks; Wooden Houses: bamboo roofs, platforms 3 (Earliest first) 1 Cave people, 50,000 years ago. 2 Ancient Egyptians, 5,000 years ago. 3 Ancient Chinese, 3,400 years ago. 4 Ancient Greeks, 2,400 years ago. 5 Ancient Romans, 2,000 years ago. 6 Incas, 600 years ago. 4 1 In caves, there was no kitchen or bathroom. 2 On Inca houses, there were thatched roofs. 3 In straw houses, there were holes in the walls for windows. 4 In some Roman houses, there was a bathroom. 5 In stone castles, there were rich people. 6 On an Egyptian house, there was a flat roof. Pages 6–7 1 1 apartment 2 concrete 3 glass 4 terraced house 5 wood 6 stone 7 bungalow 8 cottage 9 mansion 10 plastic. Materials: concrete, glass, wood, stone, plastic; Types of Home: apartment, terraced house, bungalow, cottage, mansion 2 1 bathroom 2 shanty town 3 cardboard boxes 3 1 Poor people sometimes share small apartments. True 2 Many homes are made with man-made materials. True 3 Some apartments are in tall skyscrapers. True 4 Terraced houses have space all around them. False 5 Bungalows have all the rooms on two floors. False 6 A cottage is made of bricks and has a thatched roof. True 4 1 An apartment is a home on one floor of a bigger building. 2 People often have gardens or land to grow vegetables. 3 Teak is very good for building houses and furniture. 4 Poor people often don’t have enough money to buy or build their own home. Pages 8–9 1 1 polar 2 mountainous 3 tropical 4 desert 5 temperate 2 mild – cool; hot – cold; wet – dry; light – dark; sunny – cloudy; 1 mild 2 cold 3 hot 4 wet 5 cool, warm 3 1 In temperate climates the weather is usually cold. False 2 Bricks keep water in and keep homes wet. False 3 People can light a fire when it is cold. True 4 Some igloos have ten or eleven rooms. False 5 In some deserts people make homes underground. True 4 1 In tropical climates there are often floods. 2 In temperate climates it is usually cold. 3 In cold climates there are often stone houses. 4 In Artic igloos it is quite warm inside. 5 In desert houses with small windows it is cool but dark. Pages 10–11 1 Order of numbered pictures: 3, 2, 4, 1 1 tents 2 houseboats 3 wagons 4 motor homes/RVs 2 1 nomads 2 skins, bones 3 plants 4 vacation 5 fire 3 1 Where do some nomads in Mongolia live? Some nomads live in gers. 2 Who makes floating houses in Peru? The Uros people make floating houses. 3 What are some houseboats used as? Some houseboats are used as floating shops. 4 What pulled wagons in North America 150 years ago? Oxen pulled wagons in North America 150 years ago. 5 Where do people who go camping sleep? People who go camping sleep in tents. 4 1 Teepees were made from animal skins. 2 When people go camping, they sleep in tents. 3 Modern wagons are called travel trailers or caravans. Pages 12–13 1 1 Buckingham Palace 2 The White House 3 Windsor Castle 4 The Forbidden City 5 Topkapi Palace 2 1 15 2 buildings 3 museum 4 largest 5 November 6 president 7 1800 8 sultans 9 4,000 10 earthquake 3 1 The White House has 132 rooms. 2 About 800 people worked in the kitchens of Topkapi Palace. 3 The Forbidden City is the largest ancient palace in the world. 4 43 presidents have lived in the White House 5 The Forbidden City is in Beijing in China. 6 Many kings and queens are buried at Windsor Castle. 4 free answers PHOTOCOPIABLE © Oxford University Press Pages 14–15 1 1 concrete, yes 2 electricity, no 3 boat, no 4 bricks, yes 5 cave, no 6 stone, yes 7 wood, yes 8 window, no 9 mud, yes 10 chimney, no 2 1 People in Guadix don’t sleep in caves. False 2 Cave homes usually have no water and electricity. False 3 Some people want their house to look different. True 4 Homes are never built in an unusual shape. False 5 Architects sometimes copy things from nature. True 3 1 Many caves have televisions and Internet connections. 2 One house in New Mexico has walls made of mud, tires, and cans. 3 A diamond-shaped house in Japan has a parking space for the car. 4 In Indonesia, some people have houses with boat-shaped roofs. 5 A woman in El Salvador has a house made from plastic bottles. 6 Most homes around the world have four walls and a roof. 4 1 Almost half of the people live in cave homes. 2 In underground caves, chimneys are to let air in. 3 It took the woman in El Salvador three months to build her house. Pages 16–17 1 1 hurricane 2 earthquake 3 flood 4 war; answer: refugee camps 2 1 ladders, floors, roof 2 tulou, windows, door, rooms 3 yano, hammocks, poles, leaves 4 orphanage 3 1 Sometimes lots of families live in the same building. True 2 In many parts of the world different generations live together. True 3 A tulou is a big round house made of wood. False 4 In North America most people live in homes built for two families. False 4 1 Lots of people live together in a tulou. 2 In each village, everybody lives together in a yano. 3 The Yanomami people live in the Amazon rainforest. 4 When many homes are destroyed, people live together in refugee camps. 6 About 12 million people live in refugee camps all over the world. Pages 18–19 1 1 straw 2 grass 3 coal 4 sun 5 foam 6 cement 7 oil 8 gas 9 wind; Environmentally friendly: straw, grass, sun, foam, cement, wind; Not environmentally friendly: coal, oil, gas 2 1 free answers 3 1 environment, environmentally friendly, sun, wind 2 energy, insulated, windows 4 1 Homes with steel and concrete walls will fall down in a hurricane. False 2 Energy from the sun is environmentally friendly. True 3 A house with straw inside is environmentally friendly. True 4 Our climates are not changing. False 5 Architects are designing houses that will float. True 6 New homes made from cement and foam are heavy. False Pages 20–21 1 1 caves 2 Incas 3 tents 4 the Arctic 5 shanty towns 6 oxen 2 1 bungalow 2 stone 3 mud 4 apartment 5 houseboat 6 orphanage 7 platform 8 caves 9 caravan 10 gers 11 yano 12 mansion 13 igloos 3 1 caves, page 4 2 Windsor Castle, page 21 3 chalet, page 13 4 old people’s home, page 30 5 bungalow, page 9 6 stilts, page 15 7 Ancient Egyptians, page 5 8 high-tech homes, page 34 9 gers, page 16 10 houseboats, page 17 11 The White House, page 22 12 mansions, page 10 Pages 22–23 4 1 live, lived; build, built; take, took; sleep, slept; protect, protected; travel, traveled; share, shared; keep, kept. Regular verbs: live (lived), protect (protected), travel (traveled), share (shared); Irregular verbs: build (built), take (took), sleep (slept), keep (kept) 5 1 lived 2 live 3 protected 4 share 5 slept 6 travel 7 keep 6 1 Yano: round, thatched roof, wood; Mansion: two or more floors, windows, bricks or stone, wood; Tulou: round, two or more floors, mud, windows; Cottage: two or more floors, windows, thatched roof, bricks or stone. Example answers 1 A yano is round; A yano is not made of mud 2 A mansion has two or more floors; A mansion can be made of bricks, stone, or wood. 3 A tulou is round and has two or more floors; A tulou does not have a thatched roof. 4 A cottage has windows and two or more floors; A cottage is not made of wood. Oxford Read and Discover ● Activity Book Answers – Level 510 5 Transportation Then and Now Activity Book Answers Page 3 1 1 travel 2 wheels 3 animals 4 water 5 the United Kingdom 6 sun 2 free answers Pages 4–5 1 1 trailer 2 ship 3 cart 4 sled 5 camel 6 spaceship 2 1 Rafts were the first vehicles. 2 People made rafts from tree trunks. 3 Sleds were used on land. 4 Carts were faster than sleds. 5 Cows pulled carts and sleds. 6 The wheel is an important invention. 3 1 People used llamas for transportation in Africa. False 2 People still use animals for transportation today. True 3 Ten thousand years ago, people traveled a lot. False 4 Traders took silk to China along the Silk Road. False 5 Tourists started to go on vacation 200 years ago. True 6 In 2001, a tourist went to the moon. False 4 truck: yes, land; raft: no, water; cart: yes, land; plane: yes, air; boat: no, water; sled: no, land Page 6–7 1 1 sail 2 compass 3 paddle 4 steam engine 5 propeller 6 oar 2 transport, freight; travel, lakes; vehicles, trunks 3 1 People made rafts from tree trunks. 2 People made the first canoes. 3 Egyptian traders sailed the first ships. 4 Chinese people invented the compass. 5 The Vikings sailed across the Atlantic Ocean. 6 People started using steam engines in ships. 4 Example answers 1 He built a raft similar to the ancient rafts. 2 They came from Norway, Sweden, and Denmark. 3 They stole gold and silver. 4 They carry passengers on vacation. 5 Korea builds the most ships. 6 It is a supertanker. Page 8–9 1 1 coal 2 the United Kingdom 3 Russia 4 Horses 5 diesel 2 1 steam, tracks 2 underground 3 sleeper 4 passengers 5 Tanker, cold 6 cab, trailer 3 1 We use buses to transport freight. False 2 People built the first train in Scotland. False 3 More than 160 cities have underground train systems. True 4 Trains use more fuel per passengers than cars. False 5 Trucks are more powerful than buses. True 6 Trains can only go on railroads. True 4 1 slower 2 hotter 3 longest 4 faster 5 bigger 6 biggest Page 10–11 1 1 helmet 2 glove 3 brake 4 saddle 5 frame 6 tire 7 gears 8 back wheel 9 chain 10 pedal 2 1 wood, uncomfortable, tires, front, brakes 2 engine, back, chain, leather 3 1 Bicycles don’t produce pollution. 2 A helmet protects your head in a crash. 3 BMX bicycles are small. 4 Mountain bikes have thick tires. 5 Recumbent bicycles look funny. 4 1 After 1850, bicycles were made of wood metal. 2 Modern bicycles are more dangerous safer than old bicycles. 3 Racing bikes are heavy light. 4 A cyclist stops the bicycle with the gears brakes. 5 Gloves protect the cyclist’s feet hands. 6 Motorcycles are lighter heavier than bicycles. Page 12–13 1 1 brake 2 engine 3 gears 4 seat belt 5 front wheel 6 pedals 7 steering wheel 8 battery 9 airbag 2 1 three 2 laughed, noisy 3 expensive, hand 4 protect, crash Example answers 5 Drivers of automatic cars don’t need to change gears. 6 The driver starts the engine with a key. 3 1 Two German engineers made the first car. 2 Rolls-Royce started to make cars. 3 Ford’s factories started to produce Model T cars. 4 There were millions of Model Ts on the roads. 5 People in America started to make larger cars. 6 Bugatti started to produce the Veyron. 4 1 Who made the first car? Daimler and Benz. 2 Why did people laugh at the first cars? Because they were slow and noisy. 3 How much does the Bugatti Veyron cost? 1.5 million US dollars. 4 Which is the smallest car in the world? The Peel P50. Page 14–15 1 1 cockpit 2 tail 3 nose 4 cabin 5 wheel 6 rudder 2 1 1793 2 1940 3 90 4 wooden 5 1903 6 passengers 7 twice 8 light 3 1 balloon c 2 helicopter e 3 airship a 4 Daedalus d 5 airliner f 6 rocket b 4 1 Who: The Montgolfier brothers 2 Where: In the cockpit 3 How: With the rudder 4 What: They control the speed. 5 Why: So that they can land on snow. PHOTOCOPIABLE © Oxford University Press Page 16–17 1 1 rickshaw 2 snowmobile 3 gondola 4 sled 5 auto rickshaw 6 punt; Delhi: India, rickshaw; Oxford: United Kingdom, punt; Nunavut: Canada, snowmobile, sled; Venice: Italy, gondola 2 vehicles, carts, Traders, goods, deserts 3 1 It’s very warm in Nunavut. False 2 Inuit people use donkeys to pull their sleds. False 3 There aren’t any cars in Venice. True 4 Venice was built on a lot of small islands. True 5 An auto rickshaw has a small engine. True 6 There are a lot of hills in Oxford. False 4 1 cycling 2 punting 3 shopping 4 traveling 5 driving 6 cycling Page 18–19 1 1 diesel 2 jet pack 3 wind 4 space plane 5 gasoline 6 solar 7 maglev train 8 biodiesel; Types of fuel: diesel, gasoline, biodiesel; Types of energy: wind, solar; Transportation: jet pack, space plane, maglev train 2 1 less 2 fuel 3 electric 4 sun 5 float 6 scramjet 7 Earth 8 pedal 9 personal 3 1 Most cars will have electric motors. 2 Sails will be important again for ships. 3 Solar cars can travel at 90 kilometers per hour. 4 Tourists will be able to travel in space planes. 5 Solar planes can’t carry much. 4 1 Solar planes can’t carry much. 2 Biodiesel comes from plants. 3 Maglev trains are faster than usual trains. 4 Electric bicycles are great for going up hills. 5 A jet pack doesn’t have any wings. 6 Space travel won’t be cheap. Page 20–23 1 1 travel 2 wheels 3 animals 4 water 5 the United Kingdom 6 sun 2 1 solar 2 cockpit 3 compass 4 pollution 5 brakes 6 Korea 7 pirates 8 plants 9 tires 10 saddle 11 float 12 balloons 13 passengers 3 1 magnets, page 33 2 horses, page 14 3 cabin, page 26 4 paddles, page 8 5 helmet, page 17 6 supertankers, page 11 7 wheels, page 5 8 London, page 13 9 wood, page 16 10 Germany, page 20 11 gondolas, page 29 12 coal, page 12 4 1 had 2 use 3 added 4 carry 5 stops 6 invented 7 built 8 has; Present tense: use, carry, stops, has; Past tense: had, added, invented, built 5 1 of 2 along 3 across 4 by 5 from 6 into 6 Example answers Water: 1 People use paddles to power canoes. 2 People made rafts from tree trunks. 3 Cruise ships carry passengers on vacation; Land: 1 Refrigerator trucks keep food cold. 2 BMX bicycles are good for doing tricks. 3 Solar cars use energy from the sun; Air: 1 The Montgolfier brothers built the first hot-air balloon. 2 Rockets take astronauts into space. 3 There is gas inside an airship. Oxford Read and Discover ● Activity Book Answers – Level 511 5 Wild Weather Activity Book Answers Page 3 1 1 on mountains 2 summer 3 seven 4 dry 5 clouds 6 warmer 2 free answers Page 4–5 1 1 sun 2 rain 3 cloud 4 moon, stars 5 sky 2 1 use, collect, take, helps 2 watched, flew 3 1 You can feel air pressure. False 2 High air pressure brings clear skies. True 3 Today, scientists use computers to predict the weather. True 4 Some people think that cows can predict the weather. True 5 There are about 1,000 weather stations around the world. False 4 Example answers 1 The weather changes. 2 It brings rain and wind. 3 So that they can avoid bad storms. 4 From weather stations, weather planes, weather balloons, and satellites. Page 6–7 1 1 equator 2 hot 3 cold 4 temperate 2 (Opposites): near – far; hot and sunny – cold and snowy; summer – winter; warmer – cooler 1 near, hot and sunny, far, cold and snowy 2 warmer, summer, cooler, winter 3 1 What, Land. 2 Which, Summer 3 How, They store water. 4 Where, Near the equator. 5 How many, Four 4 free answers Page 8–9 1 fog, mist, cumulonimbus, stratus, cumulus, cirrus; 1 fog 2 Cumulus 3 Cumulonimbus 4 Stratus 5 mist 6 Cirrus 2 1 Mist is like a very thick cloud. False 2 Driving in fog is dangerous. True 3 There are only two types of lightning. False 4 Clouds are made of millions of tiny drops of water. True 5 Lightning usually hits tall things. True 3 1 100 2 30,000 3 100 4 three 5 six 6 40,000 4 1 Stratus clouds are low high, thin blankets of cloud. 2 Cumulus Cirrus clouds are made of ice crystals. 3 At night, the ground warms up cools down. 4 When hot air rises on a hot day, it can change into fog storm clouds. 5 Cars have special fog lights to help other drivers to hear see them. 6 The Empire State Building is hit by lightning about 100 times every week year. Page 10–11 1 1 rain: water that falls from clouds 2 rainbow: you can see this when you are between the sun and the rain 3 monsoon: the wet season in tropical countries 4 flood: water on the land when rivers overflow 5 evaporation: when the sun heats water and turns it into water vapor 2 (earliest to last) 1 When the sun heats the water, some of it changes into a gas called water vapor. 2 This is called evaporation. 3 The water vapor rises into the sky. 4 It cools and changes back into tiny drops of water that make clouds. 5 The drops of water get bigger and they fall as rain. 6 Rain water goes into rivers, rivers go into lakes and oceans, and the process starts again. 3 1 rainbow 2 moon 3 seasons 4 heavy 5 destroy 6 deserts 4 Example answers 1 Because more rain falls in some places than others. 2 When there is rain and sun at the same time. 3 It looks like a circle. 4 A hot, dry season and a long, wet season. 5 Because the mud from a flood makes soil more fertile. 6 Bangladesh Page 12–13 1 1 ice 2 snow 3 sleet 4 hail 2 1 climates 2 crystals 3 pattern 4 melt 5-6 free answers 3 1 About 11,000 years ago, 30% of Earth was covered in sand ice. 2 If you get too warm cold you can get hypothermia. 3 Every snowflake has the same a different pattern. 4 Most hailstones are big small. 5 A heavy snowstorm with icy winds is called an avalanche a blizzard. 6 Power cables can fall down, leaving people with no water electricity. 4 Example answers 1 Vostok in Antarctica 2 When it’s cold. 3 You can get hypothermia. 4 They can crash. PHOTOCOPIABLE © Oxford University Press Page 14–15 1 deserts: places with less than 25 centimeters of rain every year; drought: when rain doesn’t fall for a long time; famine: when people don’t have enough to eat; sandstorms: when strong winds blow sand up into the air; forest fires: big fires that burn trees and dead leaves 1 Deserts 2 famine 3 Forest fires 4 sandstorms 5 drought 2 Example answers Rain every year: less than 25 centimeters; Humid or dry? Dry; Weather in the day: Usually clear and sunny; Weather at night: Very cold 3 1 What is the driest place in the world? Example answer The Atacama Desert. 2 Where is the weather hottest? Example answer Near the equator. 3 What do crops need to grow? Example answer Water 4 Why can’t you cool down in humid weather? Example answer Because your sweat can’t evaporate. 4 Example answers 1 the winds there blow from the land to the ocean. 2 there are no clouds to keep the heat in. 3 trees and other plants are dry. 4 crops can’t grow. Page 16–17 1 light breeze – 4; moderate breeze – 5; strong breeze – 2; fresh gale – 1; storm – 6; hurricane – 3 2 Winds: direction, north, south; Storm winds: hurricanes, cyclones, typhoons; Tornadoes (or Twisters): Earth, funnel 3 Hurricanes: 350, week, Australia; Tornadoes: 800, minutes, hurricanes 4 1 How – As a thunderstorm over the ocean. 2 Why – Because they can change speed and direction very quickly. 3 What – They are a funnel shape. 4 How quickly – At about 40 kilometers per hour. 5 Who – A British man called Francis Beaufort. Page 18–19 1 1 Earth gets heat from the Sun. 2 Some of the heat escapes. 3 Some of the heat is trapped by a blanket of gases. 4 Now we’re trapping too much heat. 5 Earth is getting too warm. 2 1 wind energy 2 solar energy 3 both 4 wind energy 5 solar energy 6 both 3 1 There will be more rain. 2 There will be more droughts and famines. 3 The ice around the Poles will melt. 4 Sea levels will rise. 5 Earth will get even warmer. 4 1 We can walk or ride a bike. 2 We must make less carbon dioxide. 3 We can make energy from the sun and wind. 4 We don’t have to make all our electricity in power stations. 5 We can plant more trees. Page 20–23 1 1 on mountains 2 summer 3 seven 4 dry 5 clouds 6 warmer 2 1 drought 2 blizzard 3 cactus 4 flood 5 lightning 6 hurricane 7 climate 8 rainbow 9 tornado 10 sleet 11 mist 12 equator 13 eye 3 1 typhoon, page 29 2 wind farm, page 34 3 avalanches, page 23 4 fog, page 13 5 Bangladesh, page 19 6 carbon dioxide, page 32 7 clouds, page 12 8 ice, page 22 9 wind, page 31 10 monsoons, page 18 11 solar panels, page 35 12 humid, page 27 4 1 as big as 2 as hot as 3 as cold as 4 as heavy as 5 1 Where are the hottest climates? Example answer Near the equator. 2 Where are the coldest climates? Example answer Near the North and South Poles. 3 Which is the driest place on Earth? Example answer The Atacama Desert in Chile. 4 What is the highest temperature ever recorded? Example answer 58 degrees centigrade 5 What is the strongest hurricane ever recorded? Example answer Hurricane Wilma 6 Example answers Monsoon: This is a wind from the ocean. It brings heavy rain. Monsoons are dangerous because rivers can overflow and make floods. Blizzard: This is a heavy snowstorm with icy winds. Blizzards are dangerous because the snow can cover buildings and cars. Power cables can fall down. Fog: This is a thick cloud that forms near the ground. Fog is dangerous, because it’s hard to see in fog, and you can easily get lost. Drought: This is when there is no rain for a long time. Droughts are dangerous because crops can’t grow, and there can be a famine. Oxford Read and Discover ● Activity Book Answers – Level 512