EC-Council - C H F I
CHFI –Computer Hacking Forensics Investigator
Duration: 5 days
Course Desciption
EC-Council releases the most advanced Computer Forensic Investigation program in the world.
CHFIv8 presents a detailed methodological approach to computer forensics and evidence
analysis. It is a comprehensive course covering major forensic investigation scenarios that
enable students to acquire hands-on experience on various forensic investigation techniques
and standard tools necessary to successfully carry-out a computer forensic investigation.
Battles between corporations, governments, and countries are no longer fought using physical
force. Cyber war has begun and the consequences can be seen in every day life. With the onset
of sophisticated cyber-attacks, the need for advanced cyber security and investigation training is
a mandate in the present day. If you or your organization requires the knowledge or skills to
identify, track, and prosecute the cybercriminals, then this is the course for you. This course
helps students to excel in digital evidence acquisition, handling and analysis in a forensically
sound manner. Acceptable in a court of law, these skills will lead to successful prosecutions in
various types of security incidents such as data breaches, corporate espionage, insider threats
and other intricate cases involving computer systems.
Who Should Attend
The CHFI program is designed for all IT professionals involved with information system security,
computer forensics, and incident response.
Certification
The CHFI 312-49 exam will be conducted on the last day of training. Students need to pass the
online Prometric exam to receive the CHFI certification.
Course Outline Topics:01 Computer Forensics in Today's World
02 Computer Forensics Investigation Process
03 Searching and Seizing Computers
04 Digital Evidence
05 First Responder Procedures
06 Computer Forensics Lab
07 Understanding Hard Disks and File Systems
08 Windows Forensics
09 Data Acquisition and Duplication
10 Recovering Deleted Files and Deleted Partitions
11 Forensics Investigation using AccessData FTK
12 Forensics Investigation Using EnCase
13 Steganography and Image File Forensics
14 Application Password Crackers
EC-Council - C H F I
15 Log Capturing and Event Correlation
16 Network Forensics, Investigating Logs and Investigating Network Traffic
17 Investigating Wireless Attacks
18 Investigating Web Attacks
19 Tracking Emails and Investigating Email Crimes
20 Mobile Forensics
21 Investigative Reports
22 Becoming an Expert Witness
Course Outline:
Computer Forensics in Today's World
Forensics Science

Computer Forensics
o
Security Incident Report
o
Aspects of Organizational Security
o
Evolution of Computer Forensics
o
Objective of Computer Forensics
o Need for Compute Forensics
 Forensics Readiness
o
Benefits of Forensics Readiness
o
Goals of Forensics Readiness
o Forensics Readiness Planning
 Cyber Crime

o
Computer Facilitated Crimes
o
Modes of Attacks
o
Examples of Cyber Crime
o
Types of Computer Crimes
o
Cyber Criminals
o
Organized Cyber Crime: Organizational Chart
o
How Serious are Different Types of Incidents?
o
Disruptive Incidents to the Business
o Cost Expenditure Responding to the Security Incident
Cyber Crime Investigation
o
Key Steps in Forensics Investigation
o
Rules of Forensics Investigation
o
Need for Forensics Investigator
o
Role of Forensics Investigator
o
Accessing Computer Forensics Resources
EC-Council - C H F I


o Role of Digital Evidence
Corporate Investigations
o
Understanding Corporate Investigations
o
Approach to Forensics Investigation: A Case Study
o
Instructions for the Forensic Investigator to Approach the Crime Scene
o
Why and When Do You Use Computer Forensics?
o
Enterprise Theory of Investigation (ETI)
o
Legal Issues
o Reporting the Results
Reporting a Cyber Crime
o Why you Should Report Cybercrime?
o
Reporting Computer-Related Crimes
o
Person Assigned to Report the Crime
o
When and How to Report an Incident?
o
Who to Contact at the Law Enforcement?
o
Federal Local Agents Contact
o
More Contacts
o
CIO Cyberthreat Report Form
Computer Forensics Investigation Process
 Investigating Computer Crime


o
Before the Investigation
o
Build a Forensics Workstation
o
Building the Investigation Team
o
People Involved in Computer Forensics
o
Review Policies and Laws
o
Forensics Laws
o
Notify Decision Makers and Acquire Authorization
o
Risk Assessment
o Build a Computer Investigation Toolkit
Steps to Prepare for a Computer Forensics Investigation
Computer Forensics Investigation Methodology
o Obtain Search Warrant

Example of Search Warrant
Searches Without a Warrant
Evaluate and Secure the Scene

o

Forensics Photography

Gather the Preliminary Information at the Scene
EC-Council - C H F I
o
 First Responder
Collect the Evidence

Collect Physical Evidence

 Evidence Collection Form
Collect Electronic Evidence
Guidelines for Acquiring Evidence
Secure the Evidence

o

Evidence Management
Chain of Custody
 Chain of Custody Form
Acquire the Data

o

Duplicate the Data (Imaging)

Verify Image Integrity
MD5 Hash Calculators: HashCalc, MD5 Calculator and HashMyFiles
 Recover Lost or Deleted Data
 Data Recovery Software
Analyze the Data

o

Data Analysis
Data Analysis Tools
Assess Evidence and Case

o
o

Evidence Assessment

Case Assessment

Processing Location Assessment
 Best Practices to Assess the Evidence
Prepare the Final Report

Documentation in Each Phase

Gather and Organize Information

Writing the Investigation Report
Sample Report
Testifying as an Expert Witness
 Expert Witness

o

Testifying in the Court Room

Closing the Case

Maintaining Professional Conduct

Investigating a Company Policy Violation

Computer Forensics Service Providers
Searching and Seizing Computers
EC-Council - C H F I

Searching and Seizing Computers without a Warrant
o
Searching and Seizing Computers without a Warrant
o
§ A: Fourth Amendment’s “Reasonable Expectation of Privacy” in Cases Involving
Computers: General Principles
o
§ A.1: Reasonable Expectation of Privacy in Computers as Storage Devices
o
§ A.3: Reasonable Expectation of Privacy and Third-Party Possession
o
§ A.4: Private Searches
o
§ A.5 Use of Technology to Obtain Information
o
§ B: Exceptions to the Warrant Requirement in Cases Involving Computers
o
§ B.1: Consent
o
§ B.1.a: Scope of Consent
o
§ B.1.b: Third-Party Consent
o
§ B.1.c: Implied Consent
o
§ B.2: Exigent Circumstances
o
§ B.3: Plain View
o
§ B.4: Search Incident to a Lawful Arrest
o
§ B.5: Inventory Searches
o
§ B.6: Border Searches
o
§ B.7: International Issues
o
§ C: Special Case: Workplace Searches
o
§ C.1: Private Sector Workplace Searches
§ C.2: Public-Sector Workplace Searches
 Searching and Seizing Computers with a Warrant
o
o
Searching and Seizing Computers with a Warrant
o
A: Successful Search with a Warrant
o
A.1: Basic Strategies for Executing Computer Searches
o
§ A.1.a: When Hardware is itself Contraband, Evidence, or an Instrumentality or
Fruit of Crime
o
§ A.1.b: When Hardware is Merely a Storage Device for Evidence of Crime
o
§ A.2: The Privacy Protection Act
o
§ A.2.a: The Terms of the Privacy Protection Act
o
§ A.2.b: Application of the PPA to Computer Searches and Seizures
o
§ A.3: Civil Liability Under the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA)
o
§ A.4: Considering the Need for Multiple Warrants in Network Searches
o
§ A.5: No-Knock Warrants
o
§ A.6: Sneak-and-Peek Warrants
EC-Council - C H F I
o
§ A.7: Privileged Documents
o
§ B: Drafting the Warrant and Affidavit
o
§ B.1: Accurately and Particularly Describe the Property to be Seized in the Warrant
and/or Attachments to the Warrant
o
§ B.1.a: Defending Computer Search Warrants Against Challenges Based on the
Description of the “Things to Be Seized”
o
§ B.2: Establish Probable Cause in the Affidavit
o
§ B.3: In the Affidavit Supporting the Warrant, include an Explanation of the Search
Strategy as Well as the Practical & Legal Considerations that Will Govern the
Execution of the Search
o
§ C: Post-Seizure Issues
o
§ C.1: Searching Computers Already in Law Enforcement Custody
o
§ C.2: The Permissible Time Period for Examining Seized Computers
§ C.3: Rule 41(e) Motions for Return of Property
The Electronic Communications Privacy Act
o

o
The Electronic Communications Privacy Act
o
§ A. Providers of Electronic Communication Service vs. Remote Computing Service
o
§ B. Classifying Types of Information Held by Service Providers
o
§ C. Compelled Disclosure Under ECPA
o
§ D. Voluntary Disclosure
§ E. Working with Network Providers
Electronic Surveillance in Communications Networks
o

o
Electronic Surveillance in Communications Networks
o
A. Content vs. Addressing Information
o
B. The Pen/Trap Statute, 18 U.S.C. §§ 3121-3127
o
C. The Wiretap Statute (“Title III”), 18 U.S.C. §§ 2510-2522
o
§ C.1: Exceptions to Title III
o
§ D. Remedies For Violations of Title III and the Pen/Trap Statute
 Evidence
o Evidence
o
§ A. Authentication
o
§ B. Hearsay
o
§ C. Other Issues
EC-Council - C H F I
Digital Evidence
 Digital Data
o
Definition of Digital Evidence
o
Increasing Awareness of Digital Evidence
o
Challenging Aspects of Digital Evidence
o
The Role of Digital Evidence
o
Characteristics of Digital Evidence
o
Fragility of Digital Evidence

Anti-Digital Forensics (ADF)
Types of Digital Data

Types of Digital Data
Rules of Evidence
o
o
o
Rules of Evidence
o
Best Evidence Rule
o
Federal Rules of Evidence
o
International Organization on Computer Evidence (IOCE)
o
IOCE International Principles for Digital Evidence
o
Scientific Working Group on Digital Evidence (SWGDE)

SWGDE Standards for the Exchange of Digital Evidence
Electronic Devices: Types and Collecting Potential Evidence

Electronic Devices: Types and Collecting Potential Evidence
Digital Evidence Examination Process
o
o
o
Evidence Assessment

Evidence Assessment
Prepare for Evidence Acquisition
Evidence Acquisition

o

Preparation for Searches

Seizing the Evidence

Imaging

Bit-Stream Copies

Write Protection

Evidence Acquisition

Evidence Acquisition from Crime Location

Acquiring Evidence from Storage Devices

Collecting Evidence

Collecting Evidence from RAM

Collecting Evidence from a Standalone Network Computer

Chain of Custody
EC-Council - C H F I
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 Chain of Evidence Form
Evidence Preservation

Preserving Digital Evidence: Checklist

Preserving??Removable Media

Handling Digital Evidence

Store and Archive
Digital Evidence Findings
Evidence Examination and Analysis

o

Evidence Examination

Physical Extraction

Logical Extraction

Analyze Host Data

Analyze Storage Media

Analyze Network Data

Analysis of Extracted Data

Timeframe Analysis

Data Hiding Analysis

Application and File Analysis
Ownership and Possession
Evidence Documentation and Reporting
 Documenting the Evidence

o

Evidence Examiner Report

Final Report of Findings

Computer Evidence Worksheet

Hard Drive Evidence Worksheet
Removable Media Worksheet
Electronic Crime and Digital Evidence Consideration by Crime Category
o Electronic Crime and Digital Evidence Consideration by Crime Category


First Responder Procedures
 Electronic Evidence

First Responder

Roles of First Responder

Electronic Devices: Types and Collecting Potential Evidence

First Responder Toolkit
o
First Responder Toolkit
o
Creating a First Responder Toolkit
o
Evidence Collecting Tools and Equipment
EC-Council - C H F I





First Response Basics
o
First Response Rule
o
Incident Response: Different Situations
o
First Response for System Administrators
o
First Response by Non-Laboratory Staff
o First Response by Laboratory Forensics Staff
Securing and Evaluating Electronic Crime Scene
o
Securing and Evaluating Electronic Crime Scene: A Checklist
o
Securing the Crime Scene
o
Warrant for Search and Seizure
o
Planning the Search and Seizure
o
Initial Search of the Scene
o Health and Safety Issues
Conducting Preliminary Interviews
o
Questions to Ask When Client Calls the Forensic Investigator
o
Consent
o
Sample of Consent Search Form
o
Witness Signatures
o
Conducting Preliminary Interviews
o
Conducting Initial Interviews
o Witness Statement Checklist
Documenting Electronic Crime Scene
o
Documenting Electronic Crime Scene
o
Photographing the Scene
o
Sketching the Scene
o Video Shooting the Crime Scene
Collecting and Preserving Electronic Evidence
o
Collecting and Preserving Electronic Evidence
o
Order of Volatility
o
Dealing with Powered On Computers
o
Dealing with Powered Off Computers
o
Dealing with Networked Computer
o
Dealing with Open Files and Startup Files
o
Operating System Shutdown Procedure
o
Computers and Servers
o
Preserving Electronic Evidence
o
Seizing Portable Computers
EC-Council - C H F I
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
Switched On Portables
o Collecting and Preserving Electronic Evidence
Packaging and Transporting Electronic Evidence
o
Evidence Bag Contents List
o
Packaging Electronic Evidence
o
Exhibit Numbering
o
Transporting Electronic Evidence
o
Handling and Transportation to the Forensics Laboratory
o
Storing Electronic Evidence
o
Chain of Custody
o
Simple Format of the Chain of Custody Document
o
Chain of Custody Forms

o Chain of Custody on Property Evidence Envelope/Bag and Sign-out Sheet
Reporting the Crime Scene

o Reporting the Crime Scene
Note Taking Checklist

First Responder Common Mistakes
Computer Forensics Lab
 Setting a Computer Forensics Lab
o
Computer Forensics Lab
o
Planning for a Forensics Lab
o
Budget Allocation for a Forensics Lab
o
Physical Location Needs of a Forensics Lab
o
Structural Design Considerations
o
Environmental Conditions
o
Electrical Needs
o
Communication Needs
o
Work Area of a Computer Forensics Lab
o
Ambience of a Forensics Lab
o
Ambience of a Forensics Lab: Ergonomics
o
Physical Security Recommendations
o
Fire-Suppression Systems
o
Evidence Locker Recommendations
o
Computer Forensic Investigator
o
Law Enforcement Officer
o
Lab Director
o
Forensics Lab Licensing Requisite
EC-Council - C H F I

o
Features of the Laboratory Imaging System
o
Technical Specification of the Laboratory-??ased Imaging System
o
Forensics Lab
o
Auditing a Computer Forensics Lab
o Recommendations to Avoid Eyestrain
Investigative Services in Computer Forensics
o
Computer Forensics Investigative Services
o
Computer Forensic Investigative Service Sample
o
Computer Forensics Services: PenrodEllis Forensic Data Discovery
o
Data Destruction Industry Standards
Computer Forensics Services
Computer Forensics Hardware
o

o
Equipment Required in a Forensics Lab
o
Forensic Workstations
o
Basic Workstation Requirements in a Forensics Lab
o
Stocking the Hardware Peripherals
o
Paraben Forensics Hardware

Handheld First Responder Kit

Wireless StrongHold Bag

Wireless StrongHold Box

Passport StrongHold Bag

Device Seizure Toolbox

Project-a-Phone

Lockdown

iRecovery Stick

Data Recovery Stick

Chat Stick

USB Serial DB9 Adapter
Mobile Field Kit
Portable Forensic Systems and Towers: Forensic Air-Lite VI MK III laptop

o
o
Portable Forensic Systems and Towers: Original Forensic Tower II and Forensic Solid
Steel Tower
o
Portable Forensic Workhorse V: Tableau 335 Forensic Drive Bay Controller
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Portable Forensic Systems and Towers: Forensic Air-Lite IV MK II
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Portable Forensic Systems and Towers: Forensic Air-Lite V MK III
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Portable Forensic Systems and Towers: Forensic Tower IV Dual Xeon
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Portable Forensic Systems and Towers: Ultimate Forensic Machine
EC-Council - C H F I
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Forensic Write Protection Devices and Kits: Ultimate Forensic Write Protection Kit IIES
o
Tableau T3u Forensic SATA Bridge Write Protection Kit
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Tableau T8 Forensic USB Bridge Kit/Addonics Mini DigiDrive READ ONLY 12-in-1
Flash Media Reader
o
Tableau TACC 1441 Hardware Accelerator
o
Multiple TACC1441 Units
Tableau TD1 Forensic Duplicator
o
Power Supplies and Switches
o
Digital Intelligence Forensic Hardware
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
FRED SR (Dual Xeon)

FRED-L

FRED SC
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Forensic Recovery of Evidence Data Center (FREDC)
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Rack-A-TACC

FREDDIE
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UltraKit

UltraBay II

UltraBlock SCSI

Micro Forensic Recovery of Evidence Device (µFRED)
HardCopy 3P
Wiebetech

o
o
o
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Forensics DriveDock v4

Forensics UltraDock v4

Drive eRazer

v4 Combo Adapters

ProSATA SS8
 HotPlug
CelleBrite

UFED System

UFED Physical Pro
 UFED Ruggedized
DeepSpar

Disk Imager Forensic Edition

3D Data Recovery

Phase 1 Tool: PC-3000 Drive Restoration System

Phase 2 Tool: DeepSpar Disk Imager

Phase 3 Tool: PC-3000 Data Extractor
EC-Council - C H F I
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InfinaDyne Forensic Products

Robotic Loader Extension for CD/DVD Inspector
Robotic System Status Light
Image MASSter
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o
o
o
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
Solo-4 (Super Kit)

RoadMASSter- 3

WipeMASSter

WipePRO
 Rapid Image 7020CS IT
Logicube

Forensic MD5

Forensic Talon®

Portable Forensic Lab™

CellDEK®

Forensic Quest-2®

NETConnect™

RAID I/O Adapter™

GPStamp™

OmniPort

Desktop WritePROtects

USB Adapter

CloneCard Pro

EchoPlus

OmniClone IDE Laptop Adapters
 Cables
VoomTech
 HardCopy 3P
 SHADOW 2
Computer Forensics Software
o Basic Software Requirements in a Forensic Lab
o
Maintain Operating System and Application Inventories
o
Imaging Software
o

R-drive Image

P2 eXplorer Pro

AccuBurn-R for CD/DVD Inspector
 Flash Retriever Forensic Edition
File Conversion Software

FileMerlin
EC-Council - C H F I
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SnowBatch®
Zamzar
File Viewer Software
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o

File Viewer
Quick View Plus 11 Standard Edition
Analysis Software
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o
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P2 Commander

DriveSpy

SIM Card Seizure

CD/DVD Inspector
Video Indexer (Vindex™)
Monitoring Software

o
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Device Seizure

Deployable P2 Commander (DP2C)

ThumbsDisplay
Email Detective
Computer Forensics Software
 DataLifter

o
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X-Ways Forensics

LiveWire Investigator
Understanding Hard Disks and File Systems
 Hard Disk Drive Overview
o Disk Drive Overview
o
Hard Disk Drive
o
Solid-State Drive (SSD)
o
Physical Structure of a Hard Disk
o
Logical Structure of Hard Disk
o
Types of Hard Disk Interfaces
o
Hard Disk Interfaces

ATA

SCSI

IDE/EIDE

USB
o
Fibre Channel
Disk Platter
o
Tracks


o
Sector
Track Numbering
EC-Council - C H F I
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
Advanced Format: Sectors

Sector Addressing
Cluster

Cluster Size

Changing the Cluster Size

Slack Space
o
Lost Clusters
Bad Sector
o
Hard Disk Data Addressing
o
Disk Capacity Calculation

Measuring the Performance of the Hard Disk
Disk Partitions and Boot Process
o

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Disk Partitions
o
Master Boot Record
o
Structure of a Master Boot Record
What is the Booting Process?
o
Essential Windows System Files
o
Windows Boot Process
o
Macintosh Boot Process


o http://www.bootdisk.com
Understanding File Systems
o
Understanding File Systems
o
Types of File Systems
o
List of Disk File Systems
o
List of Network File Systems
o
List of Special Purpose File Systems
o
List of Shared Disk File Systems
o
Popular Windows File Systems


File Allocation Table (FAT)

FAT File System Layout

FAT Partition Boot Sector

FAT Structure

FAT Folder Structure

Directory Entries and Cluster Chains

Filenames on FAT Volumes

Examining FAT
 FAT32
New Technology File System (NTFS)
EC-Council - C H F I
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NTFS Architecture

NTFS System Files

NTFS Partition Boot Sector

Cluster Sizes of NTFS Volume

NTFS Master File Table (MFT)

Metadata Files Stored in the MFT
NTFS Files and Data Storage

NTFS Attributes

NTFS Data Stream

NTFS Compressed Files

Setting the Compression State of a Volume
Encrypting File Systems (EFS)



Components of EFS

Operation of Encrypting File System

EFS Attribute

Encrypting a File

EFS Recovery Key Agent

Tool: Advanced EFS Data Recovery
Tool: EFS Key
Sparse Files



Deleting NTFS Files
Registry Data

Examining Registry Data

FAT vs. NTFS
Popular Linux File Systems

o

Linux File System Architecture

Ext2
Ext3
Mac OS X File System

o

HFS vs. HFS Plus

HFS

HFS Plus
 HFS Plus Volumes
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HFS Plus Journal
Sun Solaris 10 File System: ZFS
o
CD-ROM / DVD File System


o CDFS
RAID Storage System
EC-Council - C H F I
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o
RAID Levels
o
Different RAID Levels
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Comparing RAID Levels
o Recover Data from Unallocated Space Using File Carving Process
File System Analysis Using The Sleuth Kit (TSK)
o The Sleuth Kit (TSK)
 The Sleuth Kit (TSK): fsstat

The Sleuth Kit (TSK): istat

The Sleuth Kit (TSK): fls and img_stat
Windows Forensics
 Collecting Volatile Information
o Volatile Information
 System Time

Logged-on Users

Psloggedon

Net Sessions Command
Logonsessions Tool
Open Files

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Net File Command

PsFile Utility

OpenFiles Command
Network Information

Network Connections

Process Information

Process-to-Port Mapping

Process Memory

Network Status

Other Important Information
Collecting Non-volatile Information


o
Non-volatile Information
 Examine File Systems

Registry Settings

Microsoft Security ID

Event Logs

Index.dat File

Devices and Other Information

Slack Space

Virtual Memory
EC-Council - C H F I
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Swap File

Windows Search Index

Collecting Hidden Partition Information

Hidden ADS Streams
 Investigating ADS Streams: StreamArmor
Other Non-Volatile Information
Windows Memory Analysis


o
Memory Dump
o
EProcess Structure
o
Process Creation Mechanism
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Parsing Memory Contents
o
Parsing Process Memory
o
Extracting the Process Image
Collecting Process Memory
Windows Registry Analysis
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
o
Inside the Registry
o
Registry Structure within a Hive File
o
The Registry as a Log File
o
Registry Analysis
o
System Information
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TimeZone Information
o
Shares
o
Audit Policy
o
Wireless SSIDs
o
Autostart Locations
o
System Boot
o
User Login
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User Activity
o
Enumerating Autostart Registry Locations
o
USB Removable Storage Devices
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Mounted Devices
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Finding Users
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Tracking User Activity
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The UserAssist Keys
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MRU Lists
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Search Assistant
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Connecting to Other Systems
EC-Council - C H F I
o
Analyzing Restore Point Registry Settings
Determining the Startup Locations
Cache, Cookie, and History Analysis
o

o
Cache, Cookie, and History Analysis in IE
o
Cache, Cookie, and History Analysis in Firefox
o
Cache, Cookie, and History Analysis in Chrome
o
Analysis Tools
 IE Cookies View

IE Cache View

IE History Viewer

MozillaCookiesView

MozillaCacheView

MozillaHistoryView

ChromeCookiesView

ChromeCacheView
ChromeHistoryView
MD5 Calculation


o
Message Digest Function: MD5
o
Why MD5 Calculation?
o
MD5 Hash Calculators: HashCalc, MD5 Calculator and HashMyFiles
o
MD5 Checksum Verifier
ChaosMD5
Windows File Analysis
o

o
Recycle Bin
o
System Restore Points (Rp.log Files)
o
System Restore Points (Change.log.x Files)
o
Prefetch Files
o
Shortcut Files
o
Word Documents
o
PDF Documents
o
Image Files
o
File Signature Analysis
o
NTFS Alternate Data Streams
o
Executable File Analysis
o
Documentation Before Analysis
o
Static Analysis Process
o
Search Strings
EC-Council - C H F I
o
PE Header Analysis
o
Import Table Analysis
o
Export Table Analysis
o
Dynamic Analysis Process
o
Creating Test Environment
o
Collecting Information Using Tools
Process of Testing the Malware
Metadata Investigation
o

o
Metadata
o
Types of Metadata
o
Metadata in Different File Systems
o
Metadata in PDF Files
o
Metadata in Word Documents
Tool: Metadata Analyzer
Text Based Logs
o

o
Understanding Events
o
Event Logon Types
o
Event Record Structure
o
Vista Event Logs
o
IIS Logs
o
Parsing IIS Logs
Parsing FTP Logs
o
FTP sc-status Codes
Parsing DHCP Server Logs
o
Parsing Windows Firewall Logs


Using the Microsoft Log Parser
Other Audit Events
o

o
Evaluating Account Management Events
o
Examining Audit Policy Change Events
o
Examining System Log Entries
Examining Application Log Entries
Forensic Analysis of Event Logs
o

o
Searching with Event Viewer
o
Using EnCase to Examine Windows Event Log Files
Windows Event Log Files Internals
Windows Password Issues
o

o
Understanding Windows Password Storage
o
Cracking Windows Passwords Stored on Running Systems
EC-Council - C H F I
o
o
Exploring Windows Authentication Mechanisms

LanMan Authentication Process

NTLM Authentication Process
 Kerberos Authentication Process
Sniffing and Cracking Windows Authentication Exchanges
Cracking Offline Passwords
Forensic Tools
o Windows Forensics Tool: OS Forensics
o

o
Windows Forensics Tool: Helix3 Pro
o
Integrated Windows Forensics Software: X-Ways Forensics
o
X-Ways Trace
o
Windows Forensic Toolchest (WFT)
o
Built-in Tool: Sigverif
o
Computer Online Forensic Evidence Extractor (COFEE)
o
System Explorer
o
Tool: System Scanner
o
Secret Explorer
o
Registry Viewer Tool: Registry Viewer
o
Registry Viewer Tool: Reg Scanner
o
Registry Viewer Tool: Alien Registry Viewer
o
MultiMon
o
CurrProcess
o
Process Explorer
o
Security Task Manager
o
PrcView
o
ProcHeapViewer
o
Memory Viewer
o
Tool: PMDump
o
Word Extractor
o
Belkasoft Evidence Center
o
Belkasoft Browser Analyzer
o
Metadata Assistant
o
HstEx
o
XpoLog Center Suite
o
LogViewer Pro
o
Event Log Explorer
o
LogMeister
EC-Council - C H F I
o
ProDiscover Forensics
o
PyFlag
o
LiveWire Investigator
o
ThumbsDisplay
o
DriveLook
Data Acquisition and Duplication
 Data Acquisition and Duplication Concepts
o Data Acquisition
o
Forensic and Procedural Principles
o
Types of Data Acquisition Systems
o
Data Acquisition Formats
o
Bit Stream vs. Backups
o
Why to Create a Duplicate Image?
o
Issues with Data Duplication
o
Data Acquisition Methods
o
Determining the Best Acquisition Method
o
Contingency Planning for Image Acquisitions
Data Acquisition Mistakes
Data Acquisition Types
o

o
Rules of Thumb
o
Static Data Acquisition

Collecting Static Data
Static Data Collection Process
Live Data Acquisition
 Why Volatile Data is Important?

o



Volatile Data

Order of Volatility

Common Mistakes in Volatile Data Collection

Volatile Data Collection Methodology

Basic Steps in Collecting Volatile Data
 Types of Volatile Information
Disk Acquisition Tool Requirements
o
Disk Imaging Tool Requirements
o
Disk Imaging Tool Requirements: Mandatory
o Disk Imaging Tool Requirements: Optional
Validation Methods
o
Validating Data Acquisitions
EC-Council - C H F I
o
Linux Validation Methods
Windows Validation Methods
RAID Data Acquisition
o

o
Understanding RAID Disks
o
Acquiring RAID Disks

Remote Data Acquisition
Acquisition Best Practices

o Acquisition Best Practices
Data Acquisition Software Tools
o

o
Acquiring Data on Windows
o
Acquiring Data on Linux
o
dd Command
o
dcfldd Command
o
Extracting the MBR
o
Netcat Command
o
EnCase Forensic
o
Analysis Software: DriveSpy
o
ProDiscover Forensics
o
AccessData FTK Imager
o
Mount Image Pro
o
Data Acquisition Toolbox
o
SafeBack
o
ILookPI
o
RAID Recovery for Windows
o
R-Tools R-Studio
o
F-Response
o
PyFlag
o
LiveWire Investigator
o
ThumbsDisplay
o
DataLifter
o
X-Ways Forensics
o
R-drive Image
o
DriveLook
o
DiskExplorer
o
P2 eXplorer Pro
o Flash Retriever Forensic Edition
Data Acquisition Hardware Tools
EC-Council - C H F I
o
US-LATT
o
Image MASSter: Solo-4 (Super Kit)
o
Image MASSter: RoadMASSter- 3
o
Tableau TD1 Forensic Duplicator
o
Logicube: Forensic MD5
o
Logicube: Portable Forensic Lab™
o
Logicube: Forensic Talon®
o
Logicube: RAID I/O Adapter™
o
DeepSpar: Disk Imager Forensic Edition
o
Logicube: USB Adapter
o
Disk Jockey PRO
o
Logicube: Forensic Quest-2®
o
Logicube: CloneCard Pro
o
Logicube: EchoPlus
o
Paraben Forensics Hardware: Chat Stick
o
Image MASSter: Rapid Image 7020CS IT
o
Digital Intelligence Forensic Hardware: UltraKit
o
Digital Intelligence Forensic Hardware: UltraBay II
o
Digital Intelligence Forensic Hardware: UltraBlock SCSI
o
Digital Intelligence Forensic Hardware: HardCopy 3P
o
Wiebetech: Forensics DriveDock v4
o
Wiebetech: Forensics UltraDock v4
o
Image MASSter: WipeMASSter
o
Image MASSter: WipePRO
o
Portable Forensic Systems and Towers: Forensic Air-Lite V MK III
o
Forensic Tower IV Dual Xeon
o
Digital Intelligence Forensic Hardware: FREDDIE
o
DeepSpar: 3D Data Recovery

Phase 1 Tool: PC-3000 Drive Restoration System

Phase 2 Tool: DeepSpar Disk Imager
Phase 3 Tool: PC-3000 Data Extractor
Logicube

o

Cables

Adapters

GPStamp™

OmniPort

CellDEK®
EC-Council - C H F I
o
o
Paraben Forensics Hardware

Project-a-Phone

Mobile Field Kit
 iRecovery Stick
CelleBrite
 UFED System

UFED Physical Pro
Recovering Deleted Files and Deleted Partitions
Recovering the Deleted Files
o Deleting Files

o
What Happens When a File is Deleted in Windows?
o
Recycle Bin in Windows

Storage Locations of Recycle Bin in FAT and NTFS System

How the Recycle Bin Works

Damaged or Deleted INFO File

Damaged Files in Recycled Folder
Damaged Recycle Folder
File Recovery in MAC OS X

o

o File Recovery in Linux
File Recovery Tools for Windows
o
Recover My Files
o
EASEUS Data Recovery Wizard
o
PC INSPECTOR File Recovery
o
Recuva
o
DiskDigger
o
Handy Recovery
o
Quick Recovery
o
Stellar Phoenix Windows Data Recovery
o
Tools to Recover Deleted Files
 Total Recall

Advanced Disk Recovery

Windows Data Recovery Software

R-Studio

PC Tools File Recover

Data Rescue PC

Smart Undelete

FileRestore Professional
EC-Council - C H F I


Deleted File Recovery Software

DDR Professional Recovery Software

Data Recovery Pro

GetDataBack

UndeletePlus

Search and Recover

File Scavenger

Filesaver

Virtual Lab

Active@ UNDELETE

Win Undelete

R-Undelete

Recover4all Professional

eData Unerase

Active@ File Recovery
 FinalRecovery
File Recovery Tools for MAC
o
MAC File Recovery
o
MAC Data Recovery
o
Boomerang Data Recovery Software
o
VirtualLab
o
File Recovery Tools for MAC OS X
 DiskWarrior

AppleXsoft File Recovery for MAC

Disk Doctors MAC Data Recovery

R-Studio for MAC

Data Rescue

Stellar Phoenix MAC Data Recovery

FileSalvage
TechTool Pro
File Recovery Tools for Linux


o
R-Studio for Linux
o
Quick Recovery for Linux
o
Kernal for Linux Data Recovery
TestDisk for Linux
Recovering the Deleted Partitions
o

o
Disk Partition
EC-Council - C H F I
o
Deletion of Partition
Recovery of the Deleted Partition
Partition Recovery Tools
o Active@ Partition Recovery for Windows
o

o
Acronis Recovery Expert
o
DiskInternals Partition Recovery
o
NTFS Partition Data Recovery
o
GetDataBack
o
EASEUS Partition Recovery
o
Advanced Disk Recovery
o
Power Data Recovery
o
Remo Recover (MAC) - Pro
o
MAC Data Recovery Software
o
Quick Recovery for Linux
o
Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery Software
o
Tools to Recover Deleted Partitions
 Handy Recovery

TestDisk for Windows

Stellar Phoenix Windows Data Recovery

ARAX Disk Doctor

Power Data Recovery

Quick Recovery for MAC

Partition Find & Mount

Advance Data Recovery Software Tools

TestDisk for MAC

Kernel for FAT and NTFS – Windows Disk Recovery

Disk Drill

Stellar Phoenix MAC Data Recovery

ZAR Windows Data Recovery

AppleXsoft File Recovery for MAC

Quick Recovery for FAT & NTFS

TestDisk for Linux
Forensics Investigation using Access Data FTK
 Overview and Installation of FTK
o Overview of Forensic Toolkit (FTK)
o
Features of FTK
o
Software Requirement
EC-Council - C H F I
o
Configuration Option
o
Database Installation
FTK Application Installation
FTK Case Manager User Interface
o

o
Case Manager Window
 Case Manager Database Menu

Setting Up Additional Users and Assigning Roles
Case Manager Case Menu

Assigning Users Shared Label Visibility
Case Manager Tools Menu



Recovering Processing Jobs
Restoring an Image to a Disk
Case Manager Manage Menu
 Managing Carvers


Managing Custom Identifiers
FTK Examiner User Interface


o
FTK Examiner User Interface
 Menu Bar: File Menu

Exporting Files

Exporting Case Data to a Custom Content Image

Exporting the Word List
Menu Bar: Edit Menu

Menu Bar: View Menu

Menu Bar: Evidence Menu

Menu Bar: Tools Menu


Verifying Drive Image Integrity
Mounting an Image to a Drive
File List View
 Using Labels




Starting with FTK
o
Creating a case
o
Selecting Detailed Options: Evidence Processing
o
Selecting Detailed Options: Fuzzy Hashing
o
Selecting Detailed Options: Data Carving
o
Selecting Detailed Options: Custom File Identification
o
Selecting Detailed Options: Evidence Refinement (Advanced)
Selecting Detailed Options: Index Refinement (Advanced)
FTK Interface Tabs
o

Creating and Applying a Label
EC-Council - C H F I
o

FTK Interface Tabs
 Explore Tab

Overview Tab

Email Tab

Graphics Tab

Bookmarks Tab

Live Search Tabs
 Volatile Tab
Adding and Processing Static, Live, and Remote Evidence
o
Adding Evidence to a Case
o
Evidence Groups
o
Acquiring Local Live Evidence
o
FTK Role Requirements For Remote Acquisition
o
Types of Remote Information
o
Acquiring Data Remotely Using Remote Device Management System (RDMS)
o
Imaging Drives
Mounting and Unmounting a Device
Using and Managing Filters
o

o
Accessing Filter Tools
o
Using Filters
o
Customizing Filters
Using Predefined Filters
Using Index Search and Live Search
o

o
Conducting an Index Search

Selecting Index Search Options

Viewing Index Search Results
o
Documenting Search Results
Conducting a Live Search: Live Text Search
o
Conducting a Live Search: Live Hex Search

Conducting a Live Search: Live Pattern Search
Decrypting EFS and other Encrypted Files
o

o
Decrypting EFS Files and Folders
o
Decrypting MS Office Files
o
Viewing Decrypted Files
o
Decrypting Domain Account EFS Files from Live Evidence
o
Decrypting Credant Files
Decrypting Safeboot Files
Working with Reports
o

EC-Council - C H F I
o
Creating a Report
o
Entering Case Information
o
Managing Bookmarks in a Report
o
Managing Graphics in a Report
o
Selecting a File Path List
o
Adding a File Properties List
o
Making Registry Selections
o
Selecting the Report Output Options
o
Customizing the Formatting of Reports
o
Viewing and Distributing a Report
Forensics Investigation Using EnCase
 Overview of EnCase Forensic
o
Overview of EnCase Forensic
o
EnCase Forensic Features
o
EnCase Forensic Platform
EnCase Forensic Modules
Installing EnCase Forensic
o

o
Minimum Requirements
o
Installing the Examiner
o
Installed Files
o
Installing the EnCase Modules
o
Configuring EnCase

Configuring EnCase: Case Options Tab

Configuring EnCase: Global Tab

Configuring EnCase: Debug Tab

Configuring EnCase: Colors Tab and Fonts Tab
Configuring EnCase: EnScript Tab and Storage Paths Tab
o Sharing Configuration (INI) Files
EnCase Interface


o
Main EnCase Window
 System Menu Bar

Toolbar

Panes Overview

Tree Pane

Table Pane

Table Pane: Table Tab

Table Pane: Report Tab
EC-Council - C H F I

Table Pane: Gallery Tab

Table Pane: Timeline Tab

Table Pane: Disk Tab and Code Tab
View Pane

Filter Pane


Filter Pane Tabs

Creating a Filter
 Creating Conditions
Status Bar
Case Management


o
Overview of Case Structure
o
Case Management
o
Indexing a Case
o
Case Backup
o
Options Dialog Box
o
Logon Wizard
o
New Case Wizard
o
Setting Time Zones for Case Files
Setting Time Zone Options for Evidence Files
Working with Evidence
o

o
Types of Entries
o
Adding a Device
o
Adding a Device using Tableau Write Blocker
Performing a Typical Acquisition
o
Acquiring a Device
o
Canceling an Acquisition
o
Acquiring a Handsprings PDA
o
Delayed Loading of Internet Artifacts
o
Hashing the Subject Drive
o
Logical Evidence File (LEF)
o
Creating a Logical Evidence File
o
Recovering Folders on FAT Volumes

Restoring a Physical Drive
Source Processor
o

o
Source Processor
o
Starting to Work with Source Processor
o
Setting Case Options
o
Collection Jobs
EC-Council - C H F I

Creating a Collection Job

Copying a Collection Job
Running a Collection Job
Analysis Jobs

o

Creating an Analysis Job
Running an Analysis Job
o Creating a Report
Analyzing and Searching Files


o
Viewing the File Signature Directory
o
Performing a Signature Analysis
o
Hash Analysis
o
Hashing a New Case
o
Creating a Hash Set
o
Keyword Searches
o
Creating Global Keywords
o
Adding Keywords
o
Importing and Exporting Keywords
o
Searching Entries for Email and Internet Artifacts
o
Viewing Search Hits
o
Generating an Index
Tag Records
Viewing File Content
o


o
Viewing Files
o
Copying and Unerasing Files
o
Adding a File Viewer
o
Viewing File Content Using View Pane
o
Viewing Compound Files
o Viewing Base64 and UUE Encoded Files
Bookmarking Items
o
Bookmarks Overview
o
Creating a Highlighted Data Bookmark
o
Creating a Note Bookmark
o
Creating a Folder Information/ Structure Bookmark
o
Creating a Notable File Bookmark
o
Creating a File Group Bookmark
o
Creating a Log Record Bookmark
o
Creating a Snapshot Bookmark
EC-Council - C H F I

o
Organizing Bookmarks
o
Copying/Moving a Table Entry into a Folder
o
Viewing a Bookmark on the Table Report Tab
o
Excluding Bookmarks
o Copying Selected Items from One Folder to Another
Reporting
o Reporting
o
Report User Interface
o
Creating a Report Using the Report Tab
o
Report Single/Multiple Files
o
Viewing a Bookmark Report
o
Viewing an Email Report
o
Viewing a Webmail Report
o
Viewing a Search Hits Report
o
Creating a Quick Entry Report
o
Creating an Additional Fields Report
o
Exporting a Report
Steganography and Image File Forensics
 Steganography
o What is Steganography?

o
How Steganography Works
o
Legal Use of Steganography
o Unethical Use of Steganography
Steganography Techniques
o
Steganography Techniques
o
Application of Steganography
o
Classification of Steganography
o
Technical Steganography
o
Linguistic Steganography
o
Types of Steganography

Image Steganography

Least Significant Bit Insertion

Masking and Filtering

Algorithms and Transformation

Image Steganography: Hermetic Stego

Steganography Tool: S- Tools

Image Steganography Tools
EC-Council - C H F I



o
ImageHide
o
QuickStego
o
Gifshuffle
o
OutGuess
o
Contraband
o
Camera/Shy
o
JPHIDE and JPSEEK
o StegaNote
Audio Steganography

Audio Steganography Methods

Audio Steganography: Mp3stegz

Audio Steganography Tools
o MAXA Security Tools
o
Stealth Files
o
Audiostegano
o
BitCrypt
o
MP3Stego
o
Steghide
o
Hide4PGP
o CHAOS Universal
Video Steganography

Video Steganography: MSU StegoVideo

Video Steganography Tools
o Masker
o
Max File Encryption
o
Xiao Steganography
o
RT Steganography
o
Our Secret
o
BDV DataHider
o
CHAOS Universal
o OmniHide PRO
Document Steganography: wbStego

Byte Shelter I

Document Steganography Tools
o Merge Streams
o
Office XML
o
CryptArkan
o
Data Stash
EC-Council - C H F I


FoxHole
o
Xidie Security Suite
o
StegParty

o Hydan
Whitespace Steganography Tool: SNOW

Folder Steganography: Invisible Secrets 4

o
o
Folder Steganography Tools
o StegoStick
o
QuickCrypto
o
Max Folder Secure
o
WinMend Folder Hidden
o
PSM Encryptor
o
XPTools
o
Universal Shield
o Hide My Files
 Spam/Email Steganography: Spam Mimic
Steganographic File System
o Issues in Information Hiding
Steganalysis
o
Steganalysis
o
How to Detect Steganography
o
Detecting Text, Image, Audio, and Video Steganography
o
Steganalysis Methods/Attacks on Steganography
o
Disabling or Active Attacks
o
Steganography Detection Tool: Stegdetect
o
Steganography Detection Tools
 Xstegsecret

Stego Watch

StegAlyzerAS

StegAlyzerRTS

StegSpy

Gargoyle Investigator™ Forensic Pro

StegAlyzerSS

StegMark
Image Files
o
Image Files
o
Common Terminologies
o
Understanding Vector Images
EC-Council - C H F I
o
Understanding Raster Images
o
Metafile Graphics
o
Understanding Image File Formats
o
GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)
o
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)



JPEG File Structure
o
 JPEG 2000
BMP (Bitmap) File
o
 BMP File Structure
PNG (Portable Network Graphics)
 PNG File Structure
o TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)
 TIFF File Structure
Data Compression
o
Understanding Data Compression
o
How Does File Compression Work?
o
Lossless Compression
o
Huffman Coding Algorithm
o
Lempel-Ziv Coding Algorithm
o
Lossy Compression
o Vector Quantization
Locating and Recovering Image Files
o
Best Practices for Forensic Image Analysis
o
Forensic Image Processing Using MATLAB
o
Locating and Recovering Image Files
o
Analyzing Image File Headers
o
Repairing Damaged Headers
o
Reconstructing File Fragments
o
Identifying Unknown File Formats
o
Identifying Image File Fragments
o
Identifying Copyright Issues on Graphics
o
Picture Viewer: IrfanView
o
Picture Viewer: ACDSee Photo Manager 12
o
Picture Viewer: Thumbsplus
o
Picture Viewer: AD Picture Viewer Lite
o
Picture Viewer Max
o
Picture Viewer: FastStone Image Viewer
o
Picture Viewer: XnView
EC-Council - C H F I
o

Faces – Sketch Software
o Digital Camera Data Discovery Software: File Hound
Image File Forensics Tools
o Hex Workshop
o
GFE Stealth™ - Forensics Graphics File Extractor
o
Ilook
o
Adroit Photo Forensics 2011
o
Digital Photo Recovery
o
Stellar Phoenix Photo Recovery Software
o
Zero Assumption Recovery (ZAR)
o
Photo Recovery Software
o
Forensic Image Viewer
o
File Finder
o
DiskGetor Data Recovery
o
DERescue Data Recovery Master
o
Recover My Files
o
Universal Viewer
Application Password Crackers
 Password Cracking Concepts

o
Password - Terminology
o
Password Types
o
Password Cracker
o
How Does a Password Cracker Work?
o How Hash Passwords are Stored in Windows SAM
Types of Password Attacks
o
Password Cracking Techniques
o
Types of Password Attacks
o
Passive Online Attacks: Wire Sniffing
o
Password Sniffing
o
Passive Online Attack: Man-in-the-Middle and Replay Attack
o
Active Online Attack: Password Guessing
o
Active Online Attack: Trojan/Spyware/keylogger
o
Active Online Attack: Hash Injection Attack
o
Rainbow Attacks: Pre-Computed Hash
o
Distributed Network Attack
o
 Elcomsoft Distributed Password Recovery
Non-Electronic Attacks
EC-Council - C H F I
o
Manual Password Cracking (Guessing)
o
Automatic Password Cracking Algorithm

o Time Needed to Crack Passwords
Classification of Cracking Software

Systems Software vs. Applications Software

System Software Password Cracking
o
o

Bypassing BIOS Passwords

Using Manufacturer’s Backdoor Password to Access the BIOS

Using Password Cracking Software

 CmosPwd
Resetting the CMOS using the Jumpers or Solder Beads

Removing CMOS Battery
 Overloading the Keyboard Buffer and Using a Professional Service
Tool to Reset Admin Password: Active@ Password Changer
o Tool to Reset Admin Password: Windows Key
Application Software Password Cracking
o
Passware Kit Forensic
o
Accent Keyword Extractor
o
Distributed Network Attack
o
Password Recovery Bundle
o
Advanced Office Password Recovery
o
Office Password Recovery
o
Office Password Recovery Toolbox
o
Office Multi-document Password Cracker
o
Word Password Recovery Master
o
Accent WORD Password Recovery
o
Word Password
o
PowerPoint Password Recovery
o
PowerPoint Password
o
Powerpoint Key
o
Stellar Phoenix Powerpoint Password Recovery
o
Excel Password Recovery Master
o
Accent EXCEL Password Recovery
o
Excel Password
o
Advanced PDF Password Recovery
o
PDF Password Cracker
o
PDF Password Cracker Pro
EC-Council - C H F I

o
Atomic PDF Password Recovery
o
PDF Password
o
Recover PDF Password
o
Appnimi PDF Password Recovery
o
Advanced Archive Password Recovery
o
KRyLack Archive Password Recovery
o
Zip Password
o
Atomic ZIP Password Recovery
o
RAR Password Unlocker
o
Default Passwords
o
http://www.defaultpassword.com
o
http://www.cirt.net/passwords
o
http://default-password.info
o
http://www.defaultpassword.us
o
http://www.passwordsdatabase.com
o http://www.virus.org
Password Cracking Tools
o L0phtCrack
o
OphCrack
o
Cain & Abel
o
RainbowCrack
o
Windows Password Unlocker
o
Windows Password Breaker
o
SAMInside
o
PWdump7 and Fgdump
o
PCLoginNow
o
KerbCrack
o
Recover Keys
o
Windows Password Cracker
o
Proactive System Password Recovery
o
Password Unlocker Bundle
o
Windows Password Reset Professional
o
Windows Password Reset Standard
o
Krbpwguess
o
Password Kit
o
WinPassword
o
Passware Kit Enterprise
EC-Council - C H F I
o
Rockxp
o
PasswordsPro
o
LSASecretsView
o
LCP
o
MessenPass
o
Mail PassView
o
Messenger Key
o
Dialupass
o
Protected Storage PassView
o
Network Password Recovery
o
Asterisk Key
o
IE PassView
Log Capturing and Event Correlation
 Computer Security Logs
o
Computer Security Logs
o
Operating System Logs
o
Application Logs
o
Security Software Logs
o
Router Log Files
o
Honeypot Logs
o
Linux Process Accounting
o
Logon Event in Window
o
Windows Log File
o

Configuring Windows Logging

Analyzing Windows Logs

Windows Log File: System Logs

Windows Log File: Application Logs
 Logon Events that appear in the Security Event Log
IIS Logs

IIS Log File Format
o
 Maintaining Credible IIS Log Files
Log File Accuracy
o
Log Everything
o
Keeping Time
o
UTC Time
o
View the DHCP Logs
EC-Council - C H F I


 Sample DHCP Audit Log File
o ODBC Logging
Logs and Legal Issues
o
Legality of Using Logs
o
Records of Regularly Conducted Activity as Evidence
o Laws and Regulations
Log Management
o
Log Management
 Functions of Log Management


 Meeting the Challenges in Log Management
Centralized Logging and Syslogs
o
Centralized Logging

o


Centralized Logging Architecture
 Steps to Implement Central Logging
Syslog

Syslog in Unix-Like Systems

Steps to Set Up a Syslog Server for Unix Systems
 Advantages of Centralized Syslog Server
o IIS Centralized Binary Logging
Time Synchronization
o
Why Synchronize Computer Times?
o
What is NTP?
o
 NTP Stratum Levels
NIST Time Servers
o Configuring Time Server in Windows Server
Event Correlation
o
Event Correlation
 Types of Event Correlation


Challenges in Log Management
Prerequisites for Event Correlation
 Event Correlation Approaches
Log Capturing and Analysis Tools
o GFI EventsManager
o
Activeworx Security Center
o
EventLog Analyzer
o
Syslog-ng OSE
o
Kiwi Syslog Server
o
WinSyslog
o
Firewall Analyzer: Log Analysis Tool
EC-Council - C H F I
o
Activeworx Log Center
o
EventReporter
o
Kiwi Log Viewer
o
Event Log Explorer
o
WebLog Expert
o
XpoLog Center Suite
o
ELM Event Log Monitor
o
EventSentry
o
LogMeister
o
LogViewer Pro
o
WinAgents EventLog Translation Service
o
EventTracker Enterprise
o
Corner Bowl Log Manager
o
Ascella Log Monitor Plus
o
FLAG - Forensic and Log Analysis GUI
o
Simple Event Correlator (SEC)
o
OSSEC
Network Forensics, Investigating Logs and Investigating Network Traffic
 Network Forensics
o
Network Forensics
o
Network Forensics Analysis Mechanism
o
Network Addressing Schemes
o
Overview of Network Protocols
o
Overview of Physical and Data-Link Layer of the OSI Model
o
Overview of Network and Transport Layer of the OSI Model
o
OSI Reference Model
o
TCP/ IP Protocol
o
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and ??heir Placement
o


How IDS Works

Types of Intrusion Detection Systems
 General Indications of Intrusions
Firewall
o Honeypot
Network Attacks
o
Network Vulnerabilities
o
Types of Network Attacks
 IP Address Spoofing
EC-Council - C H F I




Man-in-the-Middle Attack

Packet Sniffing

 How a Sniffer Works
Enumeration

Denial of Service Attack

Session Sniffing

Buffer Overflow
 Trojan Horse
Log Injection Attacks
o
New Line Injection Attack
o
 New Line Injection Attack Countermeasure
Separator Injection Attack
o
 Defending Separator Injection Attacks
Timestamp Injection Attack
o
 Defending Timestamp Injection Attacks
Word Wrap Abuse Attack
o
 Defending Word Wrap Abuse Attacks
HTML Injection Attack
 Defending HTML Injection Attacks
o Terminal Injection Attack
 Defending Terminal Injection Attacks
Investigating and Analyzing Logs
o
Postmortem and Real-Time Analysis
o
Where to Look for Evidence
o
Log Capturing Tool: ManageEngine EventLog Analyzer
o
Log Capturing Tool: ManageEngine Firewall Analyzer
o
Log Capturing Tool: GFI EventsManager
o
Log Capturing Tool: Kiwi Syslog Server
o
Handling Logs as Evidence
o
Log File Authenticity
o
Use Signatures, Encryption, and Checksums
o
Work with Copies
o
Ensure System’s Integrity
o
Access Control
o
Chain of Custody
o Condensing Log File
Investigating Network Traffic
o
Why Investigate Network Traffic?
o
Evidence Gathering via Sniffing
EC-Council - C H F I
o
Capturing Live Data Packets Using Wireshark

o

Display Filters in Wireshark
 Additional Wireshark Filters
Acquiring Traffic Using DNS Poisoning Techniques

Intranet DNS Spoofing (Local Network)

Intranet DNS Spoofing (Remote Network)

Proxy Server DNS Poisoning
o
 DNS Cache Poisoning
Evidence Gathering from ARP Table
o
Evidence Gathering at the Data-Link Layer: DHCP Database
o Gathering Evidence by IDS
Traffic Capturing and Analysis Tools
o
NetworkMiner
o
Tcpdump/Windump
o
Intrusion Detection Tool: Snort
o
 How Snort Works
IDS Policy Manager
o
MaaTec Network Analyzer
o
Iris Network Traffic Analyzer
o
NetWitness Investigator
o
Colasoft Capsa Network Analyzer
o
Sniff - O - Matic
o
NetResident
o
Network Probe
o
NetFlow Analyzer
o
OmniPeek Network Analyzer
o
Firewall Evasion Tool: Traffic IQ Professional
o
NetworkView
o
CommView
o
Observer
o
SoftPerfect Network Protocol Analyzer
o
EffeTech HTTP Sniffer
o
Big-Mother
o
EtherDetect Packet Sniffer
o
Ntop
o
EtherApe
o
AnalogX Packetmon
EC-Council - C H F I

o
IEInspector HTTP Analyzer
o
SmartSniff
o
Distinct Network Monitor
o
Give Me Too
o
EtherSnoop
o
Show Traffic
o Argus
Documenting the Evidence Gathered on a Network
Investigating Wireless Attacks
 Wireless Technologies
o Wireless Networks


o
Wireless Terminologies
o
Wireless Components
o
Types of Wireless Networks
o
Wireless Standards
o
MAC Filtering
o
Service Set Identifier (SSID)
o
Types of Wireless Encryption: WEP
o
Types of Wireless Encryption: WPA
o
Types of Wireless Encryption: WPA2
o WEP vs. WPA vs. WPA2
Wireless Attacks
o
Wi-Fi Chalking
o
 Wi-Fi Chalking Symbols
Access Control Attacks
o
Integrity Attacks
o
Confidentiality Attacks
o
Availability Attacks
o Authentication Attacks
Investigating Wireless Attacks
o
Key Points to Remember
o
Steps for Investigation
 Obtain a Search Warrant

Identify Wireless Devices at Crime Scene

Search for Additional Devices

 Detect Rogue Access Point
Document the Scene and Maintain a Chain of Custody

Detect the Wireless Connections
EC-Council - C H F I

Methodologies to Detect Wireless Connections

Wi-Fi Discovery Tool: inSSIDer

GPS Mapping
o

GPS Mapping Tool: WIGLE

o GPS Mapping Tool: Skyhook
How to Discover Wi-Fi Networks Using Wardriving

Check for MAC Filtering

Changing the MAC Address

Detect WAPs using the Nessus Vulnerability Scanner

Capturing Wireless Traffic
o Sniffing Tool: Wireshark
o
Follow TCP Stream in Wireshark
o
Display Filters in Wireshark
o Additional Wireshark Filters
Determine Wireless Field Strength

Determine Wireless Field Strength: FSM

Determine Wireless Field Strength: ZAP Checker Products

 What is Spectrum Analysis?
Map Wireless Zones & Hotspots

Connect to Wireless Network


Connect to the Wireless Access Point

Access Point Data Acquisition and Analysis: Attached Devices

Access Point Data Acquisition and Analysis: LAN TCP/IP Setup

Access Point Data Acquisition and Analysis
o Firewall Analyzer
o Firewall Log Analyzer
Wireless Devices Data Acquisition and Analysis

 Report Generation
Features of a Good Wireless Forensics Tool

Wireless Forensics Tools
o
Wi-Fi Discovery Tools

NetStumbler

NetSurveyor

Vistumbler

WirelessMon

Kismet

AirPort Signal

WiFi Hopper
EC-Council - C H F I
o
o
o
o

Wavestumbler

iStumbler

WiFinder

Meraki WiFi Stumbler

Wellenreiter

AirCheck Wi-Fi Tester
 AirRadar 2
Wi-Fi Packet Sniffers

OmniPeek

CommView for Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi USB Dongle: AirPcap

tcpdump

KisMAC

Aircrack-ng Suite
 AirMagnet WiFi Analyzer
Wardriving Tools

MiniStumbler

Airbase

ApSniff

WiFiFoFum

StumbVerter

ClassicStumbler

Driftnet
 WarLinux
RF Monitoring Tools

NetworkManager

KWiFiManager

NetworkControl

KOrinoco

KWaveControl

Aphunter

Qwireless
 SigMon
Wi-Fi Connection Manager Tools

Aironet Wireless LAN

Boingo

HandyWi
EC-Council - C H F I
o
o
o


Avanquest Connection Manager

Intel PROSet

Odyssey Access Client

WiFi-Manager
 QuickLink Mobile
Wi-Fi Traffic Analyzer Tools

AirMagnet WiFi Analyzer

Cascade Pilot Personal Edition

OptiView® XG Network Analysis Tablet

Network Packet Analyzer

Network Observer

Ufasoft Snif

CommView for WiFi
 Network Assistant
Wi-Fi Raw Packet Capturing Tools

WirelessNetView

Pirni Sniffer

Tcpdump
 Airview
Wi-Fi Spectrum Analyzing Tools
 Cisco Spectrum Expert

AirMedic

BumbleBee
 Wi-Spy
Traffic Capturing and Analysis Tools
o NetworkMiner
o
Tcpdump/Windump
o
Intrusion Detection Tool: Snort
o
 How Snort Works
IDS Policy Manager
o
MaaTec Network Analyzer
o
Iris Network Traffic Analyzer
o
NetWitness Investigator
o
Colasoft Capsa Network Analyzer
o
Sniff - O - Matic
o
NetResident
o
Network Probe
o
NetFlow Analyzer
EC-Council - C H F I
o
OmniPeek Network Analyzer
o
Firewall Evasion Tool: Traffic IQ Professional
o
NetworkView
o
CommView
o
Observer
o
SoftPerfect Network Protocol Analyzer
o
EffeTech HTTP Sniffer o Big-Mother o EtherDetect Packet Sniffer
o
o

Cascade Pilot Personal Edition

OptiView® XG Network Analysis Tablet

Network Packet Analyzer

Network Observer

Ufasoft Snif

CommView for WiFi
 Network Assistant
Wi-Fi Raw Packet Capturing Tools

WirelessNetView

Pirni Sniffer

Tcpdump
 Airview
Wi-Fi Spectrum Analyzing Tools
 Cisco Spectrum Expert

AirMedic

BumbleBee

Wi-Spy
Investigating Web Attacks
 Introduction to Web Applications and Webservers
o Introduction to Web Applications
o
Web Application Components
o
How Web Applications Work
o
Web Application Architecture
o
Open Source Webserver Architecture
o
Indications of a Web Attack
o
Web Attack Vectors
o
Why Web Servers are Compromised
o
Impact of Webserver Attacks
o
Website Defacement
o
Case Study
EC-Council - C H F I

Web Logs
o
Overview of Web Logs
o
Application Logs
o
Internet Information Services (IIS) Logs

o

IIS Webserver Architecture
 IIS Log File Format
Apache Webserver Logs
o DHCP Server Logs
Web Attacks
o
Web Attacks - 1
o
Web Attacks - 2
 Unvalidated Input

Parameter/Form Tampering

Directory Traversal

Security Misconfiguration

Injection Flaws

SQL Injection Attacks

Command Injection Attacks

 Command Injection Example
File Injection Attack

What is LDAP Injection?

 How LDAP Injection Works
Hidden Field Manipulation Attack

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Attacks

 How XSS Attacks Work
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) Attack

 How CSRF Attacks Work
Web Application Denial-of-Service (DoS) Attack

 Denial of Service (DoS) Examples
Buffer Overflow Attacks

Cookie/Session Poisoning

 How Cookie Poisoning Works
Session Fixation Attack

Insufficient Transport Layer Protection

Improper Error Handling

Insecure Cryptographic Storage

Broken Authentication and Session Management

Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards
EC-Council - C H F I



DMZ Protocol Attack/ Zero Day Attack

Log Tampering

URL Interpretation and Impersonation Attack

Web Services Attack

Web Services Footprinting Attack

Web Services XML Poisoning

Webserver Misconfiguration

HTTP Response Splitting Attack

Web Cache Poisoning Attack

HTTP Response Hijacking

SSH Bruteforce Attack

Man-in-the-Middle Attack
 Defacement Using DNS Compromise
Web Attack Investigation
o
Investigating Web Attacks
o
Investigating Web Attacks in Windows-Based Servers
o
Investigating IIS Logs
o
Investigating Apache Logs
o
Example of FTP Compromise
o
Investigating FTP Servers
o
Investigating Static and Dynamic IP Addresses
o
Sample DHCP Audit Log File
o
Investigating Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
o
Investigating SQL Injection Attacks
o
Pen-Testing CSRF Validation Fields
o
Investigating Code Injection Attack
o
Investigating Cookie Poisoning Attack
o
Detecting Buffer Overflow
o
Investigating Authentication Hijacking
o
Web Page Defacement
o
Investigating DNS Poisoning
o
Intrusion Detection
o
Security Strategies to Web Applications
o Checklist for Web Security
Web Attack Detection Tools
o
Web Application Security Tools

Acunetix Web Vulnerability Scanner
EC-Council - C H F I
o
o
o

Falcove Web Vulnerability Scanner

Netsparker

N-Stalker Web Application Security Scanner

Sandcat

Wikto

WebWatchBot

OWASP ZAP

SecuBat Vulnerability Scanner

Websecurify

HackAlert
 WebCruiser
Web Application Firewalls

dotDefender

IBM AppScan
 ServerDefender VP
Web Log Viewers

Deep Log Analyzer

WebLog Expert

AlterWind Log Analyzer

Webalizer

eWebLog Analyzer
 Apache Logs Viewer (ALV)
Web Attack Investigation Tools
 AWStats


Paros Proxy
 Scrawlr
Tools for Locating IP Address
o Whois Lookup
o
SmartWhois
o
ActiveWhois
o
LanWhois
o
CountryWhois
o
CallerIP
o
Hide Real IP
o
IP - Address Manager
o
Pandora FMS
EC-Council - C H F I
Tracking Emails and investigating Email Crimes
 Email System Basics


o
Email Terminology
o
Email System
o
Email Clients
o
Email Server
o
SMTP Server
o
POP3 and IMAP Servers
o
Email Message
o Importance of Electronic Records Management
Email Crimes
o
Email Crime
o
Email Spamming
o
Mail Bombing/Mail Storm
o
Phishing
o
Email Spoofing
o
Crime via Chat Room
o Identity Fraud/Chain Letter
Email Headers
o

Examples of Email Headers
o List of Common Headers
Steps to Investigate
o
Why to Investigate Emails
o
Investigating Email Crime and Violation
 Obtain a Search Warrant and Seize the Computer and Email Account

Obtain a Bit-by-Bit Image of Email Information

Examine Email Headers


Viewing Email Headers in Microsoft Outlook

Viewing Email Headers in AOL

Viewing Email Headers in Hotmail

Viewing Email Headers in Gmail

Viewing Headers in Yahoo Mail
 Forging Headers
Analyzing Email Headers

Email Header Fields

Received: Headers

Microsoft Outlook Mail

Examining Additional Files (.pst or .ost files)
EC-Council - C H F I


 Examine the Originating IP Address
Trace Email Origin




Checking the Email Validity
Tracing Back
 Tracing Back Web-based Email
Acquire Email Archives

Email Archives

Content of Email Archives

Local Archive

Server Storage Archive
 Forensic Acquisition of Email Archive
 Recover Deleted Emails
 Deleted Email Recovery
Email Forensics Tools
o
Stellar Phoenix Deleted Email Recovery
o
Recover My Email
o
Outlook Express Recovery
o
Zmeil
o
Quick Recovery for MS Outlook
o
Email Detective
o
Email Trace - Email Tracking
o
R-Mail
o
FINALeMAIL
o
eMailTrackerPro
o
Forensic Tool Kit (FTK)
o
Paraben’s email Examiner
o
Network Email Examiner by Paraben
o
DiskInternal’s Outlook Express Repair
o
Abuse.Net
o MailDetective Tool
Laws and Acts against Email Crimes
o U.S. Laws Against Email Crime: CAN-SPAM Act
o
18 U.S.C. § 2252A
o
18 U.S.C. § 2252B
o
Email Crime Law in Washington: RCW 19.190.020
EC-Council - C H F I
Mobile Forensics
 Mobile Phone
o Mobile Phone

o
Different Mobile Devices
o
Hardware Characteristics of Mobile Devices
o
Software Characteristics of Mobile Devices
o
Components of Cellular Network
o
Cellular Network
o Different Cellular Networks
Mobile Operating Systems
o
Mobile Operating Systems
o
Types of Mobile Operating Systems
o
WebOS
o
 WebOS System Architecture
Symbian OS
o
 Symbian OS Architecture
Android OS
 Android OS Architecture
RIM BlackBerry OS
o
Windows Phone 7
o


 Windows Phone 7 Architecture
o Apple iOS
Mobile Forensics
o
What a Criminal can do with Mobiles Phones?
o
Mobile Forensics
o
Mobile Forensics Challenges
o
Forensics Information in Mobile Phones
o
Memory Considerations in Mobiles
o
Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)
o
SIM File System
o
Integrated Circuit Card Identification (ICCID)
o
International Mobile Equipment Identifier (IMEI)
o
Electronic Serial Number (ESN)
o Precautions to be Taken Before Investigation
Mobile Forensic Process
o
Mobile Forensic Process
 Collect the Evidence

Collecting the Evidence

Points to Remember while Collecting the Evidence
EC-Council - C H F I


 Collecting iPod/iPhone Connected with Computer
Document the Scene and Preserve the Evidence

Imaging and Profiling

Acquire the Information

Device Identification

Acquire Data from SIM Cards

Acquire Data from Unobstructed Mobile Devices

Acquire the Data from Obstructed Mobile Devices

Acquire Data from Memory Cards

Acquire Data from Synched Devices

Gather Data from Network Operator

Check Call Data Records (CDRs)

Gather Data from SQLite Record
 Analyze the Information
 Generate Report
Mobile Forensics Software Tools
o
Oxygen Forensic Suite 2011
o
MOBILedit! Forensic
o
BitPim
o
SIM Analyzer
o
SIMCon
o
SIM Card Data Recovery
o
Memory Card Data Recovery
o
Device Seizure
o
SIM Card Seizure
o
ART (Automatic Reporting Tool)
o
iPod Data Recovery Software
o
Recover My iPod
o
PhoneView
o
Elcomsoft Blackberry Backup Explorer
o
Oxygen Phone Manager II
o
Sanmaxi SIM Recoverer
o
USIMdetective
o
CardRecovery
o
Stellar Phoenix iPod Recovery Software
o
iCare Data Recovery Software
o
Cell Phone Analyzer
EC-Council - C H F I


o
iXAM
o
BlackBerry Database Viewer Plus
o BlackBerry Signing Authority Tool
Mobile Forensics Hardware Tools
o Secure View Kit
o
Deployable Device Seizure (DDS)
o
Paraben's Mobile Field Kit
o
PhoneBase
o
XACT System
o
Logicube CellDEK
o
Logicube CellDEK TEK
o
RadioTactics ACESO
o
UME-36Pro - Universal Memory Exchanger
o
Cellebrite UFED System - Universal Forensic Extraction Device
o
ZRT 2
o
ICD 5200
o
ICD 1300
Investigative Reports
Computer Forensics Report
o Computer Forensics Report
o


Salient Features of a Good Report
o Aspects of a Good Report
Computer Forensics Report Template
o
Computer Forensics Report Template
o
Simple Format of the Chain of Custody Document
o
Chain of Custody Forms
o
Evidence Collection Form
o
Computer Evidence Worksheet
o
Hard Drive Evidence Worksheet
o Removable Media Worksheet
Investigative Report Writing
o
Report Classification
o
Layout of an Investigative Report
o
 Layout of an Investigative Report: Numbering
Report Specifications
o
Guidelines for Writing a Report
o
Use of Supporting Material
EC-Council - C H F I


o
Importance of Consistency
o
Investigative Report Format
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Attachments and Appendices
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Include Metadata
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Signature Analysis
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Investigation Procedures
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Collecting Physical and Demonstrative Evidence
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Collecting Testimonial Evidence
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Do’s and Don'ts of Forensics Computer Investigations
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Case Report Writing and Documentation
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Create a Report to Attach to the Media Analysis Worksheet
o Best Practices for Investigators
Sample Forensics Report
o Sample Forensics Report
Report Writing Using Tools
o Writing Report Using FTK
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Writing Report Using ProDiscover
Becoming an Expert Witness
 Expert Witness
o What is an Expert Witness?
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Role of an Expert Witness
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What Makes a Good Expert Witness?
Types of Expert Witnesses
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Types of Expert Witnesses
 Computer Forensics Experts
 Role of Computer Forensics Expert
 Medical & Psychological Experts
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Civil Litigation Experts
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Construction & Architecture Experts
 Criminal Litigation Experts
Scope of Expert Witness Testimony
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Scope of Expert Witness Testimony
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Technical Witness vs. Expert Witness
o Preparing for Testimony
Evidence Processing
o Evidence Preparation and Documentation
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Evidence Processing Steps
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Checklists for Processing Evidence
EC-Council - C H F I
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Examining Computer Evidence
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Prepare the Report
o Evidence Presentation
Rules for Expert Witness
o Rules Pertaining to an Expert Witness’s Qualification
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Daubert Standard
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Frye Standard
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Importance of Resume
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Testifying in the Court
o The Order of Trial Proceedings
General Ethics While Testifying
o General Ethics While Testifying
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Importance of Graphics in a Testimony
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Helping your Attorney
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Avoiding Testimony Issues
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Testifying during Direct Examination
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Testifying during Cross-Examination
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Deposing
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Recognizing Deposition Problems
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Guidelines to Testifying at a Deposition
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Dealing with Media
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Finding a Computer Forensics Expert