Anything that has mass and takes up space. 1) Single type of matter that is pure. 2) Composition is always the same. Ex. Salt, sugar, water Definition: characteristics of a substance that can be observed without changing it to something else. Ex. 1. Hardness 2. Smell 3. Color 4. Solid 5. Liquid 6. Gas 7. Density 8. Mass 9. Volume Definition: when a substance has changed into something new or different so that the original substance is gone. Ex. 1. Burning -combustion 2. Rusting 3. Rising bread 4. Cooking eggs