Test 3
C.P. Chemistry
Study Guide
Atomic Structure
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Describe each scientist’s contribution to the development of the atom:
Democritus, Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Chadwick, Bohr, Schrodinger, Moseley
Define an atom.
Identify the subatomic particles by relative charge, mass and location.
Explain the role of atomic number in determining the identity of an atom.
Define an isotope and explain why atomic masses are not whole numbers.
Calculate the number of electrons, protons, and neutrons in an atom given its
mass number and atomic number.
Calculate the average atomic mass of an element
Nuclear Chemistry
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List the founding scientists in the study of radioactivity and state their
discoveries.
Identify alpha, beta, and gamma radiation in terms of composition and key
properties.
Explain why certain nuclei are radioactive.
Write balanced nuclear equations.
Calculate the half-life of a radioactive material.
Explain how radiation can affect living things.
C.P. Chemistry
Review: Atomic Theory/Structure
Name___________________
Date __________ Pd. ______
Answer each of the following questions as completely as possible including all units and
showing all work.
1. Briefly describe each scientist’s contribution to the development of the atom.
sketches where you see an *.
a. Democritus
b. John Dalton*
c. JJ Thomson*
d. Ernest Rutherford*
e. James Chadwick
f. Neils Bohr*
g. Edwin Schrodinger*
h. Henry Moseley
*
Include
2. Compare and contrast Thomson’s cookie dough model to Rutherford’s model of the atom.
Use pictures if necessary.
3. What is wrong with this statement: Nitrogen-14 and nitrogen-15 have different numbers of
protons and electrons.
4. An isotope of xenon has an atomic number of 54 and contains 77 neutrons. What is the xenon
isotope’s mass number?
5. Fill in the following table:
Name
Symbol
Vanadium51
39
19K
Atomic #
Mass #
10
21
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
26
31
28
1
27
2
6. Here are three isotopes of an element:
6
12
C
6
13
C
6
14
C
a. The name of the element is: __________
b. The number 6 refers to the __________
c. The numbers 12, 13, and 14 refer to the ___________
d. How many protons and neutrons are in the first isotope?___________
e. How many protons and neutrons are in the second isotope?____________
f. How many protons and neutrons are in the third isotope?____________
7. Alpha, Beta, or Gamma Radiation?
0
4
0
0
γ
2He
-1
e
Slowest
High energy electron
Electromagnetic radiation/most penetrating
8. Calculate the atomic mass of Silicon from the following data. Show your work.
Mass
27.977
28.976
29.974
Silicon-28
Silicon-29
Silicon-30
% Abundance
92.23
4.68
3.09
9. Nitrogen has two isotopes, nitrogen-14 and nitrogen-15. Which is more abundant? Explain.
10. What is X? Which type of radiation does the equation show?
a.
162
75
b.
60
27
c.
4
2
Re 
Co 
X
60
28
237
93
He + X
Ni + X
Np + 24 He
11. Write a balanced nuclear reaction for each of the following.
a. Beta emission of carbon-14.
b. Alpha emission of
238
U.