Microbiology 2013
First Exam
Spring 1999
Multiple choice: (2 points each) Mark the best answer on your scantron, not on the exam itself.
Don't overanalyze these questions - they are not meant to be tricky. Be confident! You know this stuff!
1. The bacterial cytoplasmic membrane functions in
A. transport
B. osmotic protection
D. gas storage
E. both A and D
C. phagocytosis
2. Which of the following is NOT true of the gram negative cell wall of a (eu)bacterium?
A. contains a periplasmic space
B. contains a thick layer of peptidoglycan
C. contains lipopolysaccharide
D. contains lipid
E. gives the cell its shape
3. Which structure of used for bacterial cell-to-cell communication (such as conjugation)?
A. slime layer
B. pilus
C. capsule
D. glycocalyx
E. flagellum
4. Peptidoglycan does NOT contain
A. phospholipid
D. N-acetylmuramic acid
B. N-acetylglucosamine
E. contains all of the above
C. amino acids
5. All of the following can be components of the bacterial cytoplasm EXCEPT
A. gas vesicles
B. ribosomes
C. chromosome
D. phosphate storage granules
E. teichoic acid
6. Which of the following does NOT apply to the bacterial glycocalyx
A. osmotic barrier
B. defines cell shape
D. respiration
E. none of the above apply
C. transport
7. The carbohydrate chains of peptidoglycan are held together by
A. tetrapeptides
B. proteins
D. glycerol
E. lysozyme
C. penicillin
8. Which of the following is an example of bioremediation?
A. application of oil degrading bacteria to an oil spill
B. application of bacteria to a crop to prevent frost damage
C. fixation of gaseous nitrogen into usable nitrogen
D. using light energy to fix carbon dioxide into organic carbon
E. all of the above
9. Which of the following is a mineralization reaction?
A. nitrate to gaseous nitrogen
B. nitrogen gas to ammonia
C. organic nitrogen to inorganic nitrogen
D. nitrate to ammonia
E. nitrate to organic nitrogen
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10. It has been said that bacteria are essential for the existence of life on Earth. Which of the following would be
the essential function served by bacteria?
A. control of insects
B. directly provide food for humans
C. cause disease
D. decompose organic matter and recycle elements
E. produce human growth requirements such as insulin
11. You are observing a cell through a light microscope and note that it has no apparent nucleus. You conclude that
it most likely
A. has peptidoglycan in its cell wall
B. has teichoic acid in its cell wall
C. has an outer and cytoplasmic membrane
D. has lipopolysaccharide in its cell wall
E. has lysosomes
12. Archaea do not contain
A. cytoplasmic membrane
D. tetraethers
B. pseudomurien
C. diethers
E. may contain all of the above
13. A transmission electron microscope uses this in place of a lens:
A. electron gun
B. vacuum
C. thin section
D. photon
E. magnet
14. The belief that life arises only from living organisms is known as
A.
biogenesis
B. antisepsis
D.
Koch's Postulate
E. speciation
C.abiogenesis
15. Which of the following most closely resembles a prokaryotic cell in terms of size?
A.
ribosome
B.
mitochondrion
C.
an electron
D.
Dr. Ivey (hint: not the correct answer)
E.
eukaryotic cell
16. Which of the following best describes a species?
A. a collection of strains with similar characteristics
B. a group of cells derived from a single parent
C. the same as a genus
D. the same as a strain
E. a group of organisms with a limited geographical distribution
17. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the (eu)bacterial cytoplasmic membrane?
A. maintains cell shape
B. composed of a phospholipid bilayer
C. contains proteins
D. site of cell wall synthesis
E. selectively permeable
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18. Regarding Pasteur's experiment with the swan-neck flask, which of the following is true?
A. there was air involved
B. there was a food source involved
C. the possibility of contamination was removed D. all microbes were killed at the beginning
E. all of the above
19. Mitochondria and the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane have this in common
A. nothing
B. peptidoglycan
C. slime layers
D. cell wall synthesis
E. function in energetics
20. Pasteur was able to vaccinate chickens, and protect them from cholera, using
A. an electron microscope
B. pure culture technique
C. attenuated bacterial cultures
D. fresh bacterial cultures
E. Pasteur didn’t do this. Koch did.
21. The part of the gram negative cell wall that could be said to give the cell its identity is the
A. endotoxin
B. lipid A
C. teichoic acid
D. core polysaccharide
E. O-antigen
22. A glycocalyx structure that is loosely organized is called the
A. S layer
B. capsule
C. lipopolysaccharide
D. flagellum
E. slime layer
23. The two major domains of prokaryotic organisms are
A. eubacteria and probacteria
B. eukaryotes and archaea
C. eubacteria and eukaryotes
D. eubacteria and archaea
E. there is only ONE domain of prokaryotic organism
24. The main advantage of using fluorochromes is
A. they allow us to see viruses under light microscope.
B. they allow us to readily distinguish different classes of macromolecules
C. they allow us to see ribosomes under electron microscope
D. they allow us to distinguish the cytoplasmic membrane from the outer membrane
E. they are cheaper than kodachromes.
25. All of the following are Koch's postulates EXCEPT
A. finding microbes in people with disease
B. obtaining a pure culture of an organism
C. inoculating a healthy test organism with the pure culture
D. reisolating the organism from an experimentally infected individual
26. Which of the following statements is true?
A. bacterial cells do not have nuclei
B. bacteria are all harmful
C. there are no bacteria on a healthy person's body
D. bacteria do not constitute a significant portion of life on earth
E. bacteria are eukaryotic cells
27. The microbial process of converting useful nitrates into gaseous nitrogen is called
A. nitrogen fixation
B. nitrification.
C. denitrification
D. mineralization
E. nitrogen cycling
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28. The soil region consisting of microorganisms associated with plant roots is the
A. rhizosphere
B. humus
C. lithosphere
D. fungus
E. colony
29. The dynamic arrangement of lipid and protein in the cytoplasmic membrane is called
A. random walk
B. osmotic pressure
C. peripheral membrane proteins
D. ester linkage
E. fluid mosaic
30. The following does NOT apply to a bacterial flagellum
A. basal body
B. filament
D. whip-like motion
E. rotation
For Q31-35, match the structures with the appropriate functions.
A. links outer membrane to peptidoglycan
C. osmotic protection
D. protein synthesis
C. hook
B. storage
E. energetics
31. Cell wall
32. Inclusion bodies
33. Cytoplasmic membrane
34. Ribosomes
35. Braun lipoprotein
36. A visible aggregate of billions of cells, all derived from one cell, is a
A. culture
B. genus
C. colony
D. species
E. contaminant
37. Light of which color would provide the best resolving power for a compound microscope?
A. red
B. blue
C. green
D. white
E. black
38. All of the following affect the resolving power of the microscope EXCEPT
A. the wavelength of light
B. the amount of light reaching the objective lens
C. the magnification of the lens
D. the refractive index
E. all of the above
For Q39-43, match the scientist with the discovery or accomplishment.
A. Needham
B. Linnaeus
C. Koch
D. Pasteur
39. Discovered the cause of anthrax
40. Two-word classification system
41. Enrichment culture technique
42. Data supported abiogenesis
43. Vaccination against rabies
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E. Beijerinck
44. A bacterial cell is found to possess an axial filament. What type of bacterium is it?
A. gram positive
B. archaea
C. spirochete
D. bdellovibrio
E. periplasmic bacterium
45. Endotoxin is released during the destruction of which type of bacterium?
A. gram positive
B. gram negative
C. archaebacterium
D. soil bacterium
E. endotoxin is released by eukaryotic cells to fight infections
46. Penicillin works as an antibiotic by
A. blocking cytoplasmic membrane synthesis
B. preventing cross-bridges from forming in peptidoglycan
C. breaking the bonds that link N-acetylmuramic acid to N-acetylyglucosamine
D. poisoning the flagellum
E. none of the above
47. Gas vesicles are bounded by
A. phospholipid
D. peptidoglycan
B. protein
E. nucleoids
C. carbohydrate
48. Cells are found to contain diether lipids in their membranes. What type of cells are they?
A. gram-positive eubacteria
B. eukaryote
C. gram-negative eubacteria
D. archaea
E. could be either gram positive OR gram negative eubacteria
49. An enzyme that degrades the bacterial cell wall is
A. penicillin
B. lysozyme
D. phosphotransferase
E. muramic acid
C. cephalosporin
50. Water enters a bacterial cell by
A. simple diffusion
B. facilitated diffusion
D. confusion
E. cold fusion
C. active transport
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