THE INSTITUTE FOR CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY THE INSTITUTE AND THE UNIVERSITY According to a quantitative national study published in 1997 by Johns Hopkins University Press, SUNY Stony Brook ranks second in the nation among public universities in research productivity per faculty member, with only UC Berkeley in the front and Stony Brook tied for second place with UC Santa Barbara. Research at this 46-year-old university has grown more than ten fold in the last 32 years, exceeding $110 million in 2003. The life and biomedical sciences, which account for almost half of all research funding on the campus, have grown by more than 30% in the last 12 years. WHAT SETS ICDB APART A MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR T his is the most exciting of times for biological and biomedical scientists. The abundance of opportunity to advance the frontiers of knowledge parallels the bright prospect for early translation of discoveries into diagnostics and therapeutics. Never in the history of the biomedical sciences has progress in the acquisition of basic information and its practical application been so rapid. To note only one of the most compelling examples, the mapping and sequencing of the human genome is complete and the connections between genes and disease grow clearer every day. Impressive strides have been made in understanding the influences and expression of genes in inherited disorders and in developing new approaches to treatment of these and other diseases. The members of the Institute for Cell and Developmental Biology have chosen to focus on living things at the level of the cell, with the objective of understanding how basic processes function in controlling normal and abnormal cell growth, as well as cell differentiation. William J. Lennarz Director, Distinguished Professor of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 2 Membership in the Institute is highly selective. Only 47 faculty researchers of 250 potentially eligible faculty have been invited to participate. Honors received by Institute members include the National Academy of Sciences, selection as Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigators, Guggenheim Foundation Fellows, Pew Scholars and receipt of NIH Merit, Achievement and Research Career Awards. Research support for ICDB members has grown by over 43% in the last thirteen years. O NE OF THE N ATION ’ S S TRONGEST M ULTIDISCIPLINARY G ROUPS OF C OLLABORATING S CIENTISTS ICDB members represent an unusually broad spectrum of interests from embryology to structural biology and neurobiology. As a consequence, the Institute provides a unique and successful platform for multidisciplinary research. Different approaches to formulating and investigating research problems cross-fertilize, facilitating novel applications of advanced, highly specialized techniques to shed new light on important biomedical questions. Corporate sponsors have access to these scientific teams as a resource where their research program approaches can be explored and new directions discussed. The Institute was responsible the formation of three inter-disciplinary laboratories to maximize collaborations among scientists: z z Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Research. This laboratory, whose members include biochemists, cell biologists and neurobiologists, seeks to elucidate the molecular basis of neural function. Its success in understanding nerve dysfunction and degeneration will provide a new basis for developing drugs to treat neurological disorders. Center for Developmental Genetics. Its primary focus is on cell growth and differentiation. With unusually broad representation from the Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Neurobiology and Pharmacological Sciences, this laboratory constitutes one of the nation’s strongest collaborating groups of scientists in this critical area. z Center for Yeast Cell and Molecular Biology. This newly created center will be housed in a NIH and University funded integrated laboratory that brings together seven faculty members from the Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology. These scientists are carrying out research using yeast, the simplest eukaryote, as a model to study diverse processes varying from meiosis to glycoprotein degradation. PIONEERING DISCOVERIES LEAD TO PRACTICAL APPROACHES TO ANSWERING QUESTIONS Since its inception 13 years ago, Institute members have made pioneering discoveries in diverse areas of scientific research including: z z z z Developing a biological system, the two hybrid assay, to detect protein:protein interactions that is used in drug discovery by pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies worldwide and in basic and applied research in universities. Discovery of an enzyme in the cytoplasm that removes carbohydrate chains prior to digestion of defective glycoproteins. Discovering a mechanism of platelet aggregation in certain pathologic states. The monoclonal antibody developed to prevent this platelet aggregation had sales of $250 million in 1997. Gaining an understanding of reproductive biology processes by being the first to describe the structure and sperm binding properties of receptors on the surface of sea urchin and frog eggs. Ultimately, this knowledge may lead to new methods of birth control. z z z z Contributed to the understanding of angiogenesis, a process important to tumor growth, by using the chick embryo to study the role of proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors. Discovery of an enzyme that mediates neuronal death. Inhibition of this of this enzyme leads to increased survival of injured neurons and could provide a new therapeutic approach to treating neurological diseases. Pioneered work on the structure and function of topoisomerase, an enzyme involved in unwinding DNA, an essential step in DNA replication. Understanding the causes of mutagenesis can illuminate the causation of inherited disease and lead to new treatment approaches using gene therapy. Development of a drug that functions to destroy cancer cells by preventing the turn-on of the Warburg effect. THE GOALS OF THE INSTITUTE ARE: Create links between the biotechnology, pharmaceutical industry and venture capital firms and the cell, molecular and developmental biology expertise at Stony Brook. Maximize the resources at Stony Brook to carry out state-of-the-art research. Develop new research career opportunities for our best graduate students – the leaders of the future in academic and industrial research. BENEFITS OF CORPORATE MEMBERSHIPS Corporate membership in the Institute carries a number of privileges, including: z • • • • • • • Attendance at private consultations developed specifically for Institute corporate members. Tutorials are offered in the following areas: Oncogenesis Cell Differentiation Cell Surface Interactions Signaling Receptors DNA Repair Early Embryonic and Neonatal Development • Cellular Response to Hormonal and Viral Interactions z z • • • • • • • • • Neurobiology Synapses Biochemistry Cholesterol and Atherosclerosis Cell Cycle and Teleomeres Glycoproteins Signaling Events Adenoviruses RNA-protein Interactions Phermone Receptors An invitation to attend weekly research presentations. Attendees at the annual Institute Retreat at the Pridwin Hotel on Shelter Island (at the east end of Long Island). The Retreat includes 16 scientific presentations by various members of the Institute’s outstanding research faculty. These presentations provide state-ofthe-art insight into some of the major basic and clinical problems in contemporary biomedical science. As well, the schedule of the Retreat provides hours of opportunity – in a relaxed, idyllic setting – for private conversations with both Institute faculty and outstanding Institute graduate and postdoctoral students. • Genetic Disorders of Homeostasis and Thrombosis • Infectious Disease • Mitochondrical Disease • DNA Cell Interactions • Cannabinoid Metabolism • Immune and Inflammatory Responses • Protein Structure z z z • Regulation of DNA Replication and Chromatin Structure • Cell Surface Interactions • Differentiation of Erythroid and Myeloid Cells • Meiosis • Antibiotic Resistance • Cell Cycle Phenomena Attendance at the annual Stony Brook Symposium in Molecular Biology, which celebrated its fifteenth anniversary in 2003. Symposium speakers are selected from an international roster of distinguished scientist-leaders in their field. An invitation to attend the annual Institute Lecture where leaders in their scientific disciplines present theories and ideas that may challenge conventional scientific thought. Preprints and reprints of the publications of Institute members, upon request. CORPORATE SPONSORSHIP OPPORTUNITIES: Sponsorship relationships are an important element of the life of the Institute. They represent both a key service function of the Institute and a crucial source of funding for its vital training and advisory functions. The Institute’s corporate partners enjoy an advanced view of pathbreaking new research and the opportunity to interact informally with the Institute’s distinguished scientists. The membership fee for first-time sponsors is $5,000 for the first year. The Corporate Membership in subsequent years varies depending on the size of the corporation and the number of corporate scientists participating. Typically, annual fees range from $5,000 to $20,000. Corporate sponsors also have the extremely valuable asset of access to private consultations with Institute faculty on the Stony Brook campus. Our faculty of elite researchers has years of experience and seasoned, mature judgment. Faculty expertise includes drug design, as well as experience in the major areas of basic biomedical science that provide solutions to product development problems. All consultations are covered by full confidentiality agreements and all rights to intellectual property resulting from these consultations remain with the corporate sponsor. 3 Brief Resumés of Members of the Institute for Cell and Developmental Biology Wadie Bahou, M.D. Professor, Medicine and Program in Genetics. Chief, Division of Hematology. Associate Program Director, General Clinical Research Center. Henry Christian Award for Excellence in Clinical Research. NIH Review Subcommittee for Small Business Innovation Research. Established Investigator, American Heart Association The research interests of our laboratory focus on genetic disorders of hemostasis and thrombosis. Dafna Bar-Sagi, Ph.D. Professor and Chair, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Our current work is concerned with the control mechanisms that normally regulate the biological activity of Ras proteins and the perturbation of this regulation during oncogenic transformation. Jorge Benach, Ph.D. Director, Center for Infectious Diseases. Professor, Microbiology. NIH Merit Awardee Our laboratory studies the interactions of the fibrinolytic system with Borrelia, and the mechanisms that determine the different outcomes to infection. Paul Bingham, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology Research is focused on regulations of premRNA splicing subnuclear organization and the role of chromatin structure in gene regulation. James B. Bliska, Ph.D. Professor, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology We study the interaction of bacterial pathogens with mammalian host cells. We are specifically interested in identifying the mechanisms used by bacterial pathogens to subvert normal host cell responses to infection. required for maintenance of mitochondrial DNA. A large number of human diseases result from errors in synthesis of proteins required for maintenance of mitochondria. Paul Brehm, Ph.D. Leading Professor, Neurobiolgy and Behavior Our research examines the structurefunction relations with the ligand gated receptor channel superfamily. Combined molecular and electrophysiological methodologies are being used to dissect the structural underpinnings of these functional changes. Deborah Brown, Ph.D. Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology We study the structure and function of novel sphingolipid- and cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains or rafts, which are important in intercellular sorting and cell-surface signaling transduction, using a combination of biophysical and cell biological approaches. Vitaly Citovsky, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology We study cellular processes in plants to understand how plant cell communicate with each other. We also examine molecular mechanisms by which proteins and nucleic acids are transported into the plant cell nucleus. Paul Fisher, M.D., Ph.D. Professor, Pharmacological Sciences Guest Research Fellow of the Royal Society (UK) The central objective of this laboratory is to understand how extrachromosomal proteinaceous structural elements of the cell nucleus (karyoskeletal elements) act to regulate nuclear structure and function. Howard Fleit, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Pathology. Catacosinos Cancer Award. Alexandrine and Alexander L. Sinsheimer Fund Scholar Our laboratory is examining the mechanisms by which different classes of Fc Receptors for immunoglobulins on leukocyte plasma membranes initiate the effector mechanisms that these cells use during inflammatory responses. Michael Frohman, M.D., Ph.D. Professor, Pharmacological Sciences. Director, Medical Scientist Training Program. Catacosinos Scholar Our laboratory works on how signal transduction triggers subcellular trafficking of membrane vesicles in regulated exocytosis and the control of cell morphology. Disease-related topics include diabetes (glucose transporter regulation), anaphylaxis (histamine release), and the response to CNS injury. Neta Dean, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology Martha B. Furie, Ph.D. We study the regulation of protein glycosylation and how the addition of carbohydrate modifies protein function and structure at the cell surface. A major focus of our research also centers on cell wall synthesis in the human fungal pathogen, Candida albicans and the glycoproteins that mediate host-pathogen interactions during infection. Professor, Pathology. Alexandrine and Alexander L. Sinsheimer Fund Scholar. Aaron Diamond Foundation Scholar During inflammation, white blood cells leave the bloodstream and enter tissues to destroy invading microbes. Our laboratory studies mechanisms that regulate the passage of white blood cells into damaged tissues, particularly in the context of infectious diseases. Dale G. Deutsch, Ph.D. Daniel Bogenhagen, M.D. Associate Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology Bruce Futcher, Ph.D. Professor, Pharmacological Sciences. Guggenheim Foundation Fellow. American Cancer Society Scholar Our long-term goal is to understand how the endogenous cannabinoids and their metabolites affect mood, memory, pain and other physiological processes. Associate Professor, Microbiology My laboratory studies the DNA binding proteins and enzymes encoded in nuclear DNA that are 4 Our laboratory is interested in cell cycle control, particularly with regard to commitment to the cycle and to the role of cyclin-dependent protein kinases. Our laboratory is also interested in aging Brief Resumés of Members of the Institute for Cell and Developmental Biology and particularly the role played by the shortening of telomeres. J. Peter Gergen, Ph.D. Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology. Director of the Center for Developmental Genetics. American Cancer Society Faculty Research Award My laboratory investigates the regulatory activity of Runt, the founding member of the Runx family of transcription factors. Runx proteins have vital roles in regulating gene expression in many different pathways in animal development and inappropriate Runx function is implicated in human diseases such as leukemia and cleidocranial dysplasia. Runx proteins function both as activators and repressors of gene transcription. Our research takes advantage of the considerable background knowledge and sophisticated genetic tools that are available in the Drosophila system to investigate the in vivo mechanisms of transcriptional regulation by this interesting class of developmental regulators. fucose and O-glucose and that the O-fucose modifications play a key role in regulation of interactions between Notch and its ligands. The regulation of signal transduction by alterations in the glycosylation state of a cell surface receptor provides a new paradigm for the role of glycosylation in signaling events. Michael Hayman, Ph.D. Professor, Microbiology. Catacosinos Professorship for Cancer Research Our research is directed towards growth and differentiation of erythroid and myeloid progenito cells; effects of oncogenes on the growth and differentiation of hematopoietic cells; signal transduction pathways, as they relate to cell transformation and cancer. Patrick Hearing, Ph.D. interested in deciphering the role of these complexes in bacterial survival and pathogenesis. Eugene Katz, Ph.D. Professor, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology. Associate Dean, College of Arts and Sciences. Chancellor’s Award for Excellence in Teaching Our laboratory studies the role of the plasma membrane in the growth and development of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum. Our approach is to select and characterize mutants resistant to agents that act on the membrane, such as detergents and polyene antibiotics. Maurice Kernan, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Neurobiology and Behavior. Pew Scholar in the Biomedical Sciences The research in my laboratory focuses in two areas: adenovirus regulation of cellular proliferation and adenovirus as a vector for gene therapy. We use Drosophila mutants and molecular genetics to study the differentiation and function of ciliated sensory neurons; molecular mechanisms of touch and hearing; polycystins, sperm storage and sperm competition. Professor, Neurobiology and Behavior. Director, Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Research Bernadette Holdener, Ph.D. Caroline Kisker, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology Neurotrophins (NT) control the survival and phenotype of neurons throughout the nervous system. We have discovered a novel protein, Pincher, that mediates “pinocytic endocytosis” of NT and its receptor. This process allows for the prolonged NT signaling over time and distance that is needed for NT actions in neurons. Using a combination of molecular, biochemical and cell biological approaches, we are dissecting the signaling mechanisms for NT actions in cultured neurons and neuronal cell lines. My laboratory is interested in understanding how mutations that interfere with protein folding contribute to osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, and problems in early mammalian embryonic development. Associate Professor; Pharmacological Sciences. Karl Ramsauer Award, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Fellowship. PEW Scholar in the Biomedical Sciences Professor, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Simon Halegoua, Ph.D. Robert Haltiwanger, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology Our laboratory investigates the structure and function of two unique forms of protein Oglycosylation, O-fucose, and O-glucose, that occur exclusively on Epidermal Growth Factorlike (EGF) modules. We have demonstrated that many of the tandem EGF modules in the Notch family of receptors are modified with O- Nancy Hollingsworth, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology. Pew Scholar in the Biomedical Sciences Our research is directed toward understanding how homologous chromosomes synapse, recombine and segregate during meiosis in yeast. Genes encoding structural and regulatory components important for chromosome synapsis are being studied. Wali Karzai, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology. Pew Scholar in Biomedical Sciences Our group is interested in studying the biological functions RNA-protein interactions and translational control of gene expression. We are also Mutations are the primary cause of hereditary diseases, as well as cancer, and may also be involved in aging. Approximately 90% of all human cancers are ultimately due to DNA damage. The focus of our research is to understand how the genetic code is maintained by the universal DNA repair mechanism nucleotide excision repair. A second area of research focuses on structure-based drug design against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. James B. Konopka, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Microbiology. American Cancer Society Junior Faculty Research Award Our lab has a specific interest in the complex function of the pheromone receptors. The receptors bind pheromone on the cell surface and then stimulate a G protein signaling are being investigated through the analysis of mutant receptors. 5 Brief Resumés of Members of the Institute for Cell and Developmental Biology Janet Leatherwood, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology. Kimmel Scholar Award. FASEB Junior Investigator Award. Leukemia Society of America Special Fellow. American Cancer Society Fellow Our main interest is how events of the cell cycle are regulated and coordinated. We are using fission yeast as a model system to investigate control of DNA replication by the cell cycle kinase Cdc2. William J. Lennarz, Ph.D. Distinguished Professor and Chairman, Biochemistry and Cell Biology. Director, Institute of Cell and Developmental Biology. Member, National Academy of Sciences. Past President, American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. NIH Merit Awardee other GPCRs via heterotrimeric G-proteins to effectors that control gene expression in development. Using proteomics, DNA microarray, and model systems, we have discovered new paradigms in Frizzled signaling and how signaling on the “meso-scale” controls gene expression. Gail Mandel, Ph.D. Distinguished Professor, Neurobiology and Behavior. Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute We have a long-standing interest in identifying molecules important in the regulation of neuronal phenotype. Transcriptional and post transcriptional mechanisms in neurogenesis, stem cell differentiation, and tissue regeneration, in mammals and zebrafish, are under investigation. Kenneth B. Marcu, Ph.D. Our objective is to better understand the mechanism of glycoprotein biosynthesis and how newly synthesized glycoproteins fold to their native state or are degraded after retrograde export to the cytoplasm. In addition, we are studying the role of O-linked oligosaccharide chains on the frog egg in sperm binding. Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Pathology. Scholar of Institute of Advanced Studies (Univ. of Bologna) Erwin London, Ph.D. W. Todd Miller, Ph.D. Professor, Chemistry, Biochemistry and Cell Biology Associate Professor, Physiology and Biophysics. Catacisinos Young Investigator Award for Cancer Research We are studying the translocation of proteins across membranes using the translocation of diphtheria toxin as a model. In other ongoing projects we are studying the basic folding of membrane proteins using transmembrane hydrophobic helices, and the role of cholesterol in membrane structure and function. Craig Malbon, Ph.D. Leading Professor, Pharmacological Sciences. Member, Corporation of the Marine Biological Laboratory. Vice-Dean, SOM; NIH Career Development Award. American Cancer Society Excellence in Research Award. Program Director, Institutional National Research Service Awards of NIDDK. Director, Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases Research Center Our primary interest is to understand on a molecular basis the signaling from Frizzleds and 6 Our research focuses on the role of IKK dependent NF-kappa B signaling cascade in inflammatory responses and on the mechanisms and regulation of antibody gene class switching. The major research goals of our laboratory are: to understand how tyrosine kinases recognize their target proteins in cells; to determine how these enzymes are regulated in normal cells; and to develop strategies to block the action of oncogenic tyrosine kinases of the Src-family, as well as on the tyrosine kinase domains of the human Neu, insulin, and IGF-I receptors. Aaron Neiman, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology The research interest of my laboratory is in developmentally programmed rearrangements of the secretory pathway that occur during differentiation. We are studying the process of spore formation in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model for this type of rearrangement. Jeffrey E. Pessin, Ph.D. Professor and Chair, Department of Pharmacological Sciences Our laboratory examines the molecular mechanisms regulating the insulin-stimulation of glucose uptake through the intracellular trafficking of the GLUT4 glucose transporter protein. To accomplish these goals, we utilize cell and molecular biological approaches including high resolution confocal fluorescent microscopy, proteomic, transgenic and knockout mouse technologies. Joav Prives, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Pharmacological Sciences Our research is centered on mechanisms that regulate interactions between cells. We utilize cell cultures to study the role of transmembrane signaling in the differentiation of muscle cells. Nancy Reich, Ph.D. Professor, Pathology. American Cancer Society Junior Faculty Research Awardee. Catacosinos Cancer Award. NIH CDF-1 Study Section Member We are studying how cells respond to cytokine hormones resulting in rapid and specific biological changes. Cells also respond to viral infection with the activation of a distinct transcription factor that initiates expression of genes involved in cellular defense of infection. Present work is directed at elucidating the molecular mechanisms that regulate these response pathways. Nisson Schechter, Ph.D. Professor, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Biochemistry and Cell Biology and Ophthalmology We study specific proteins that support and regulate the development and regeneration of nerves. We showed that the expression of certain intermediate filament proteins and homeobox gene products are linked to retinal development and axonal growth in the goldfish visual pathway. Hermann Schindelin, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology Our laboratory uses crystallographic and biochemical methods to study the structure and Brief Resumés of Members of the Institute for Cell and Developmental Biology function of enzymes involved in ubiquitin dependent protein degradation. In a separate project we are characterizing the neuroreceptor anchoring protein gephyrin. and characterize genes affecting structure and function of the nucleus. This includes genes coding for proteins involved in gene regulation, DNA replication and chromatin structure. Jakob Schmidt, Ph.D. David G. Thanassi, Ph.D. Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology. NIH Javits Neuroscience Investigator Award Assistant Professor, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for Infectious Diseases The focus of our research is on the regulation of acetylcholine receptor genes in skeletal muscle. Specifically we are interested in molecular mechanisms (promoter elements, transcription factors, and upstream signaling pathways) that ensure the synapse-specific expression of the receptor protein in the mature muscle fiber. Our lab studies the assembly and secretion of virulence factors by bacterial pathogens. A focus of our research is the biogenesis of filamentous surface structures known as pili or fimbriae. Pili are critical virulence factors that mediate recognition and colonization of host cells. stimulation of neurons that would lead to reorganization of neuronal connections in the brain or cell death. David Williams, Ph.D. Gerald H. Thomsen, Ph.D. Steven Smith, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology. Director, Center for Structural Biology We are investigating the molecular and cellular biology of embryonic development of the amphibian Xenopus laevis, and its genetically more tractable cousin Xenopus tropicalis. Our research seeks to understand how cell fate and embryonic pattern formation are regulated by growth factors in the TGF-beta and receptor tyrosine kinase families. We are also exploring how ubiquitin ligases regulate TGF-beta signals and the morphology of cells and tissues in embryos. Our research is on the structural basis of membrane protein function. Current work focuses on the molecular mechanisms of signal transduction by G protein-coupled receptors (rhodopsin and CCR5), receptor tyrosine kinases (erbB2 and PDGF-β receptors) and cytokine receptors (EPOR and TPOR). We are also interested in two viral membrane proteins that activate membrane receptors: The E5 protein of papillomavirus and the gp55p protein of Friend spleen focus-forming virus. Professor, Pharmacological Sciences. NIH Merit Award We study the cell biology of lipoprotein receptors, cholesterol transport, and atherosclerosis. Another focus is on very early events in atherosclerosis development in the aortic wall. Lonnie Wollmuth, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Neurobiology and Behavior. A. Sinsheimer Scholars Award. A. von Humbolt Fellow, International Human Frontier Science Program Fellow. National Research Scientist Award. NIH Institutional Grant for Neurobioligy Award My lab is interested in understanding the molecular mechanism of cell-to-cell signaling in the brain. We focus primarily on fast synaptic transmission, especially those synapses that use the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Our studies extend from elucidating the structure of glutamate receptors to defining how their properties contribute to the versatility of synaptic transmission and plasticity in vivo. Styliani-Anna (Stella) E. Tsirka, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Pharmacological Sciences Rolf Sternglanz, Ph.D. Distinguished Professor, Biochemistry and Cell Biology. Guggenheim Awardee Our laboratory uses the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to identify mutants We investigate the communication, signaling events and cell-cell interactions between neurons and microglia, the immunocompetent cells of the central nervous system. We assess their interactions after normal or exaggerated 7 FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT ttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt Dr. William J. Lennarz, Director Institute for Cell and Developmental Biology 450 Life Sciences Building SUNY at Stony Brook Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215 Phone: 631-632-8560 Fax: 631-632-8575 Email: wlennarz@notes.cc.sunysb.edu