E-Commerce and
E-Business
Miguel Rebollo
Introduction to Computer Science
2010-2011
Aims
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Describing the phases a company goes
through using Internet for business
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Describing the forms of e-commerce
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Describing the use od web sites to support
commercial transactions
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Describing the ethical issues of e-commerce
Describing the purpose and uses of intranets
and extranets
4626. Introd to Computer Science
Contents
1. E-Commerce in perspective
2. Intranets: internal business processes
3. Extranets: business alliances
4. B2C: customer-centered web design
5. Technical requirements for e-commerce
6. Ethical issues of e-commerce
4626. Introd to Computer Science
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Created in 1994
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20 mill. customers
in 160 countries
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Survivor of .dot crises
Powerful recommendation
system
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Jeff Bezos. Amazon founder
Opened in July 1995
as a virtual book-stores
E-commerce in
Perspective
Sharing business information, maintaining business
relationships and conducting business
transactions through the use od telecomm.
networks
Involves reorganising business processes
4626. Introd to Computer Science
E-comm Transforms
Business
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•
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.com companies (virtual)
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Variants: e-commerce (electronic)
i-commerce (internet)
m-commerce (mobile)
Essential, or at least important for the rest
Increases speed and efficiency of business
processes
4626. Introd to Computer Science
E-Comm Models
B
C
B
business-to-business
(B2B)
business-to-consumer
(B2C)
C
consumer-to-business
(C2B)
consumer-to-consumer
(C2C)
Put examples of each case
4626. Introd to Computer Science
Intranets
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Basis for B2E: internet
supporting internal activties
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Improve comm. inside the
company
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Advantages
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•
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cross-platform
open standards
minimal user training
4626. Introd to Computer Science
Characteristics of a B2E
Intranet
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physical tech: LAN with Ethernet
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firewall sw for security
middleware: software which handles
physical comm. (TCP/IP based)
standard web applications:
browsers, e-mail clients, file sharing
4626. Introd to Computer Science
Characteristics of a B2E
Intranet
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physical tech: LAN with Ethernet
•
•
firewall sw for security
middleware: software which handles
physical comm. (TCP/IP based)
standard web applications:
browsers, e-mail clients, file sharing
4626. Introd to Computer Science
How To Use B2E
Intranets
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Information access for employees:
centralised databases with a common interface
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Collaboration and teamwork:
distribute information, remote working groups
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Internal business transactions:
increase efficiency and reduces paperwork
4626. Introd to Computer Science
Extranets
Business Alliances
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Link intranets of different companies
(e-marketplaces)
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Activities between trusted business partners
Functionalities
• place orders
• check stock level
• confirm inoice status
• exchange business information
4626. Introd to Computer Science
Extranets
with Public Networks
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use public, open comm. lines without additional
security mechanisms
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low cost, but low security (and high risk)
protection: firewalls and logons
4626. Introd to Computer Science
Extranets
with Public Networks
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use public, open comm. lines without additional
security mechanisms
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low cost, but low security (and high risk)
protection: firewalls and logons
4626. Introd to Computer Science
Extranets with VPN
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use public, open comm. lines
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VPNs are becoming the preferred method:
economical and secure enough
an special protocol creates a virtual tunnel
across the intranets
4626. Introd to Computer Science
Extranets with VPN
•
•
use public, open comm. lines
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VPNs are becoming the preferred method:
economical and secure enough
an special protocol creates a virtual tunnel
across the intranets
4626. Introd to Computer Science
Extranets
with Private Networks
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•
•
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physically attached lines (leased)
high cost
high security levels
extent of access for external
users (only business partners)
4626. Introd to Computer Science
Extranets
with Private Networks
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•
•
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physically attached lines (leased)
high cost
high security levels
extent of access for external
users (only business partners)
4626. Introd to Computer Science
B2C
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Customer centered web design
Often interactive features included
CRM: customer relationship management
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critical without personal contact
database with relevant information:
preferences, past purchases, communications...
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Features of Well
Designed Sites
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Speed of transactions
Large, up-to-date selection (the ‘Long Tail’)
Ease of use
Secure transations
After-sale features
4626. Introd to Computer Science
Technical Requirements:
Web Server
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Hw&Sw to store pages and
handle trafic
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Only large companies have
the know-how and the
capability to run their own
server
4626. Introd to Computer Science
Technical Requirements:
Hosting Service
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Provide space in their own servers and tools
to set up business web pages
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Handle almost all
transactions steps
(including payments)
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Technical Requirements:
Software
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Provides commercial services
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Capabilities: security, search
engine, data analysis
Database (catalogue)
+ front-end
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
Company Policies
A Code of Ethics
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Privacy policy of the organisation
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Ownership about network posting and
communications
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Tracking of user behaviours
Permission to transmit people data
How company inform customers about the use
of personal data
4626. Introd to Computer Science