! ! ! Education Package Project 4: Propaganda and News June 9, 2015 Version 10.0! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Table of Contents How To Use This Module This curriculum module is designed to support your use of The Hunger Games in your class. It provides stepwise instructions, resources, handouts, and assessments for a project-based learning (PBL) unit that explores the history, methods, and outcomes of propaganda. Activities may be modified to support the specific needs of your class, but should be performed in the order given to best support optimal learning outcomes. The Project Overview, Standards Overview, and Before the Project will help you plan for this unit. Table of Contents I. Project Overview ............................................................................................................ 4 II. Standards Overview ...................................................................................................... 5 III. Before the Project ......................................................................................................... 6 IV. Project Kickoff .............................................................................................................. 8 Entry Event – Persuasive Improv ......................................................................... 8 Reading / Watching The Hunger Games – Part I “The Tributes” ......................... 9 Discussion Activity One: World Café .................................................................. 10 V. Elements of Propaganda ............................................................................................. 11 Tools of Propaganda Graphic Organizer............................................................ 14 Tools of Propaganda Graphic Organizer Answer Key .......................................16 Propaganda Technique Cards ........................................................................... 17 What is the History of Propaganda?................................................................... 25 History of Propaganda QCQ Graphic Organizer ................................................ 26 VI. Media Today–Propaganda, News, and the YouTube Generation.............................. 27 News, Sensationalism, and Propaganda Graphic Organizer ............................. 28 The Responsibility of the Viewer – Calculating Your Media Footprint ................ 29 Digital Footprint Calculator ................................................................................. 30 Reading / Watching The Hunger Games – Part II “The Games”........................ 32 Discussion Activity Two: Tag Team Seminar ..................................................... 33 VII. Visiting The Hunger Games: The Exhibition ............................................................. 34 Visiting The Hunger Games: The Exhibition Worksheet .................................... 35 VIII. Putting Together A Compelling Story ....................................................................... 37 Propaganda Project Group Worksheet .............................................................. 38 Compiling the Story into a Script ........................................................................ 40 First Draft Screenplay ......................................................................................... 41 Turning the Script into a Storyboard ................................................................... 43 Filming and Editing the Propaganda Films ......................................................... 44 Finish Reading / Watching The Hunger Games – Part III “The Victor” .............. 45 ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!"! Discussion Activity Three: Who’s on Trial? ........................................................46 Discussion Activity Three: Who’s on Trial? Worksheet ...................................... 48 IX. Appendix A: Assessments ......................................................................................... 49 Formative / Summative Assessment .................................................................. 50 The Hunger Games - Part I “The Tributes” Quiz ................................................ 51 The Hunger Games - Part I “The Tributes” Answer Key .................................... 53 The Hunger Games - Part II “The Games” Quiz ................................................ 55 The Hunger Games - Part II “The Games” Answer Key..................................... 57 The Hunger Games - Part III “The Victor” Quiz .................................................. 59 The Hunger Games - Part III “The Victor” Answer Key ...................................... 61 X. Sources of Information ................................................................................................ 63 ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!#! I. Project Overview This packet includes all the resources you will need to teach this project. While it is recommended that you follow the framework of activities, aspects can be altered to match the needs of your classroom.! General Information! Subjects Covered In Project Grade Level(s) English, Social Studies 6th – 9th Project Driving Question What is the difference between propaganda and news? Culminating Event / Product A propaganda video Duration of the Project Varies depending on number of class periods utilized Project Description Every year before the Hunger Games’ reaping, a video is shown to the Districts, providing the pointed reminder of why the Hunger Games exist. “I just love that,” says Effie Trinket, drawn in by the sentiment of Capitol propaganda. Living in the Capitol as she does, her perspective doesn’t show her anything but the strong and just system she trusts. Without the understanding that she is being manipulated, she is drawn in by the propaganda. What is propaganda, and how can students learn to identify it as Effie can’t? Propaganda videos are used by both the Capitol and the rebel forces in the fight for Panem. Is propaganda inherently bad? Propaganda can address current events, so what makes propaganda different from news and other media? What’s the role of the viewer of that media? In this project, students will take on the role of filmmaker and create a propaganda video that tackles a specific subject. They will look at what propaganda is (and is not), how to put together a persuasive argument, and how to communicate that argument with film. **NOTE** Visiting The Hunger Games: The Exhibition could happen either prior to, or at the conclusion of, the project. By the end of the project, students will know: • The elements of propaganda. • Historical origins and evolution of propaganda. • Media today – Propaganda, news, and the YouTube era. • How to compose a persuasive narrative. • How to act as filmmakers in certain roles: Actor, Director, Set Designer / Location Scout, Costume / Prop Designer, Editor. ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!$! II. Standards Overview ! This project addresses the following sets of standards: • The Common Core English Language Arts & Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, & Technical Subjects • The National Standards for History *NOTE* Standards can each be made more or less rigorous to adjust to grade level needs; if listed, they can be addressed at any degree of proficiency. The CC English Language Arts & Literacy in History / Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.6-8.2 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.6-8.4 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.6-8.6 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.CCRA.R.1 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.CCRA.R.7 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.CCRA.W.1 Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of the source distinct from prior knowledge or opinions. Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies. Identify aspects of a text that reveal an author's point of view or purpose (e.g., loaded language, inclusion or avoidance of particular facts). Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text. Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words. Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence. The National Standards for History NSH Historical Analysis and Interpretation 3.A NSH Historical Analysis and Interpretation 3.B NSH Historical Analysis and Interpretation 3.C NSH Historical Analysis and Interpretation 3.J NSH Historical Thinking Standard 4 Compare and contrast differing sets of ideas. Consider multiple perspectives. Analyze how radio, movies, newspapers, and popular magazines created mass culture. Hypothesize the influence of the past. Interrogate historical data. ! *NOTE* Additional standards, particularly Next Generation Science Standards and additional Common Core English Language Arts & Literacy, may be applicable, depending upon topic choices by teachers and students. ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!%! III. Before the Project ! Before presenting the project to the students, there are several things you could do to help make the process a little smoother. READ / WATCH Read The Hunger Games on your own and watch the available films, making notes of any details that might relate to the project. The Hunger Games series is written by Suzanne Collins and published by Scholastic Inc. LEARN Below are links to resources to help you familiarize yourself with the content before you start the project with students. Title Defining Propaganda (American Historical Association) Propaganda Through the Ages Noam Chomsky The Propaganda Model Behind the Big NEWS Documentary Science of Persuasion Effective Persuasion Presentation How to Write a Screenplay 6-Minute Speed Course Storyboarding with J. Todd Anderson ! Source http://www.historians.org/about-aha-and-membership/ahahistory-and-archives/gi-roundtable-series/pamphlets/whatis-propaganda/defining-propaganda-i http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/11848_Chapter2.pdf https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9RPKH6BVcoM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zrf2R3UHhKo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cFdCzN7RYbw https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/696/1/ http://www.writersstore.com/how-to-write-a-screenplay-aguide-to-scriptwriting/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zL6X1SaaxHU (*This video is appropriate for teachers to familiarize themselves with content and concepts.) !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!&! REACH OUT Send a letter to parents letting them know you’ll be studying The Hunger Games, doing a project related to the book or film, and visiting The Hunger Games: The Exhibition. Be sure to highlight the depth of the project by sharing learning goals and skills students will learn. You can also garner parent support to put together a final exhibition of student work. An exhibition can be anything that showcases or communicates student work to an audience. This includes things such as: an online gallery of student videos, a presentation to professionals in fields that relate to your project, etc. A great exhibition should celebrate student work and involve an authentic audience to view it. ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!'! IV. Project Kickoff ENTRY EVENT Entry events can be presented in any medium. Example entry events are a class discussion, an intro video, a guest speaker, a field trip to The Hunger Games: The Exhibition, or an activity. The best entry events tend to be personalized or experiential. Connecting to students this way allows them to enter the content through something familiar versus starting by explaining all the things they don’t know yet. PBL TIP Entry Events are used at the beginning of projects to get students excited about the upcoming project. ! ! ! ENTRY ACTIVITY: PERSUASIVE IMPROV Time Duration To give students a chance to think about different methods of persuasion, and have a little fun while doing it (Resource: Every Art, Every Child website). Half class period – whole class period Materials Needed A chair, a classroom object (eraser, marker, etc) Purpose ! OVERVIEW: This activity draws on the theatrical art of improvisation (improv). Two students perform together with one actor trying to persuade the other actor to do something. ACTIVITY: Step One: Ask for two students to volunteer to perform. One sits in a chair and one stands. Step Two: The two students are at a bus stop (the setting) and the one standing is trying to get the one seated to give up his or her seat. He or she must use different tactics to try and persuade the seated person to move. For example, “May I please have that seat? My legs hurt.” He or she isn’t allowed to move the seated student by physical force or by bribe. Step Three: Begin the scene. If needed, coach the standing student on different tactics of persuasion (begging, asking politely, threatening, flattering, etc). Coach the seated student to not give up his or her seat unless he or she feels honestly convinced by the other student. He or she should be giving valid creative reasons to remain seated as well. You can also phrase it as, “What’s happening in your character’s life that he or she needs to sit down?” Step Four: When the student finally convinces the other to stand (or the seated student comes up with such a good argument that the standing person gives up), ask for new volunteers. ADDITIONAL: Once the class gets the hang of the game, you can ask the rest of the class for suggestions on setting and objective and switch up the action in the scene. The improv ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!(! works as long as there is a setting and something one person is trying to persuade the other to do. You can also add a The Hunger Games twist to the scenes if you’d like. Below is a list of suggested scenarios: Settings Objectives The Hob Convincing Greasy Sae to buy dead wild dog. The Reaping Convincing a Peacekeeper not to make the tributes get on the train. A Home in the Capitol Convincing a Capitol citizen to turn off the Hunger Games. The Woods Gale convincing Katniss to run away before the reaping. The Training Area Convincing another tribute to be your ally in the Hunger Games. ! Have students begin reading The Hunger Games – Part I “The Tributes” by Suzanne Collins or watching that section of The Hunger Games film (up to Peeta’s interview with Caesar). You could have students’ split the reading or watching time between homework and class depending on your preference. It is suggested that students read / watch in class or at home and utilize one class period a week for in class discussion. READING / WATCHING THE HUNGER GAMES The timeframe for the audiobook averages about 25 minutes per chapter. A companion discussion activity for The Hunger Games – Part I “The Tributes” follows. ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!)! Discussion Activity One: World Cafe To be done at the end of reading Part I “The Tributes” ! Purpose Time Duration Materials Needed To get students discussing key points of The Hunger Games. Depends on how many stations you have. Each group (of approximately 4 to 6 students) should average about 5-7 minutes per station. [Approximately 45 minutes] A giant piece of paper, poster board, or something else for students to write on. ! ACTIVITY SETUP: PAPER: Cut large rectangles of paper and cover a group of 4-6 desks with it. Make sure each piece of paper is large enough so every student can reach it easily. MARKERS: Put out markers for each station. [Note: It could be interesting to have each group carry its own color to distinguish the progression of the discussion]. QUESTION SETUP: Write a “Speech Cloud” in the middle of the paper with one of the following questions about The Hunger Games - Part I “The Tributes.” ,! QUESTIONS: 1.) How does Katniss feel about the country of Panem before the reaping, and why does she need to be careful about how she speaks about Panem in public? Write down specific examples of how you know this. 2.) Describe Katniss’s relationship with Gale, with Prim, and with her mother. How do these relationships define her personality? 3.) Why does she say about Peeta, “I feel like I owe him something, and I hate owing people”? How does her early encounter with Peeta affect their relationship after they’re chosen as tributes (but before the Games)? 4.) Why are tributes given stylists and dressed so elaborately in the opening ceremony and interviews? Does this ceremony remind you of events in our world, either past or present? 5.) When Peeta declares his love for Katniss in the interview, does he really mean it or did Haymitch create the “star-crossed lovers” story to help them get sponsors? What are the sponsors looking for when they watch the Games? ACTIVITY: Put students into groups of 4 to 6 and assign them to a starting station. Then tell them each person should write at least one idea per topic / station and no more than three per person per station. Also, tell them to try not to repeat ideas that are already on the page. If they agree with a point made, they can put a check mark next to it. Let them know that they can draw images to represent ideas as well as use words. Remind them that the entire class will be contributing and to leave room for others to write. Project a timer, or just keep time yourself and let them know when to rotate (EVERY 5 to 7 MINUTES). When all groups are done and have visited every station, have each group share with the class the ideas on the station it started at. ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!*+! V. Elements of Propaganda ! Purpose To help identify elements of propaganda in advertisements and distinguish them from argument or persuasion. Time Duration One class period Materials Needed Printed handouts (found on pages 15-16), Propaganda Cards (found on pages 17-24), something to write with, a way to project video. OVERVIEW: In Panem, the Capitol uses propaganda to assure the districts that everything is as it should be and Panem should remain the same. Meanwhile, the rebels use propaganda to encourage people to fight back. Are both things really propaganda? In this activity, students will be in groups based on a propaganda technique. They will watch videos and look for their propaganda technique. At the end of each video, you will ask the students to share what their element was, and all students should make note of it on their graphic organizers. There are many key techniques used in propaganda. For this project, you’ll be looking at EIGHT of them: ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Name calling – where an attack is made by calling the opposition names. Glittering generalities – using values (love of family, pride of country, etc) to motivate action. Testimonial – using an “authority” to recommend or endorse something. Bandwagon – the ‘everyone is doing it, you should too’ approach. Transfer – attaching something unrelated to the argument to distract from the real issue. Plain Folks – showing ordinary people benefitting from the idea/product/etc. Fear – scaring someone into supporting the position or product. Faulty Logic – this could be a long list but includes things such as misrepresenting data, making untrue comparisons, assuming a positive outcome without evidence, etc. *SUGGESTION* When working on a project where students’ definition and understanding of a concept are evolving, it is often helpful to get a large piece of butcher paper (or find a place in the classroom) and to write the initial definition of the term. Then, allow students to add to it in order to show the progression of understanding over time. As you have class discussions, make note of when a student brings up a point that is counter to the posted definition, and move on. At the end of the project, you can discuss the definition you started with and how it changed as you went through the project. ACTIVITY: Step One: Put students into groups – there should be eight groups total, one for each technique of propaganda. [You can also have students work in pairs. Just make sure that you have students covering all the techniques and that each group has a definition card.] Step Two: Provide each group with a graphic organizer (found on pages 15-16) and a Propaganda Card (found on pages 17-24). Explain that you will be watching videos and students should identify the type of propaganda described on their card. Have them look over their card and read the definition. Ask if any group needs clarification on what they’re looking for. You don’t have to go over each definition for the whole class – they’ll sort that out and refine their understanding through the course of watching the videos. ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!**! Step Three: Do a class example using President Snow’s address to Panem “Together As One.” Show them the video, ask what techniques they saw, and then show specific parts of the video as evidence of each technique so they can see what each looks like. Video President Snow “Together as One” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7dCB2U9lX48 Propaganda techniques Glittering Generalities: “Our great nation… the districts are the body, the Capitol the beating heart.” These draw on values related to duty to country and connects this cause to protecting the body / heart. Testimonial: Peeta is a celebrity. Plain Folks: “With all of us, together as one.” Snow reduces himself to ‘one of the people’ to play on solidarity. Faulty Logic: “Known only peace… elegant system conceived to nourish and protect… If you fight against it you starve yourself.” Lots of people in the district are starved and abused by the Capitol Peacekeepers. Step Four: Now, students should dissect real commercials. Show them the videos listed on the following page (use as many as time permits, but include the last two PSAs). After each video, allow students to discuss the following questions with their group. ! Is the ad propaganda? If no, why? ! Was your technique used in the video? If yes, provide evidence of where? Step Five: After the small group discussion, ask students who believe their technique was used to raise their hand and share with the class where in the video it was used. Then have them define their technique. Step Six: Clarify with the class what the definition of the technique is and have them write it down on their graphic organizers (found on pages 15-16). ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!*"! Video Mac vs PC (Restarting) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TT3_tiQZwwA 1998 George Bush Sr Family/children https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LToAmI4r6ms Three – The Pony (Three UK) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ekr05T9Iaio Michael Jackson Pepsi 1984 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Md5lPyuvsk Broadview Security – The House Party https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DKI4t5MFG1E Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Anti Drug PSA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zbsq5tmz6Lo Embrace Life – Wear a seatbelt https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h-8PBx7isoM ! Propaganda techniques Name Calling: Mac is suggesting PCs freeze and, despite having the same “stuff,” don’t run as well. Faulty Logic: Mac doesn’t mention any of its shortcomings or technical glitches. Glittering Generalities: This is the main technique used in the use of family and friends at a BBQ. It’s the “ideal” representation of American life. Plain Folk: There are traces of this because they are packaging George Bush Sr. as one of the common average citizens instead of a politician. In fact, he had been involved in politics since the 1960s. Transfer: This one might be a little difficult, but this is an example of Transfer because the dancing Shetland pony has nothing to do with the product or why people should buy it. It was used to get attention and “shares” in order to promote the product beyond the brand. Testimonial: Features celebrity Michael Jackson. Bandwagon: The Pepsi “generation” implies that everyone in that group drinks Pepsi, and they look cool while doing it. Fear: Reminding people of the worst possible security scenario and why they “need” Broadview. Plain Folks: There’s a little bit of “plain folks” technique in this one because all the scenarios are common. Lots of people go to or host house parties. Is this one propaganda? Yes. It has a positive message but uses the voice celebrities to push its agenda without presenting any information. Testimonial – Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles were extremely popular among the target demographic. Is this one propaganda? Not really. It could be argued that it uses emotional appeal (as opposed to facts) to convince the audience to change a behavior. However, emotional appeal isn’t the same as falsifying evidence or manipulating for a specific gain. This would be classified as PERSUASION. !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!*#! NAME__________________________________________ DATE ________________________________ Tools of Propaganda Graphic Organizer DIRECTIONS: As you watch commercials, use this sheet to record definitions of various propaganda techniques. Definition of Propaganda Technique Name Technique Definition Name Calling Glittering Generalities Testimonial Bandwagon ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!*$! Transfer Plain Folks Fear Faulty Logic What is the difference between PERSUASION and PROPAGANDA? ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!*%! ANSWER KEY Tools of Propaganda Graphic Organizer ! ! DIRECTIONS: As you watch commercials, use this sheet to record definitions of various propaganda techniques. Definition of Propaganda Information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view. Technique Name Name Calling Technique Definition Attacking the opposition itself instead of attacking its products or ideas. Glittering Generalities Appealing to cultural bias, morals, or higher values. These include such things as: Family, duty to country, dreams, religion, etc. Testimonial Using someone famous or an authority figure to say that you should use a product / support an idea because he or she supports the idea or product. Bandwagon Making it seem like everyone uses the product or believes an idea. That your life would instantly be better “like we’re showing you here” by using a product or thinking a certain way. Transfer Using unrelated symbols/people to support something. This includes using something that has nothing to do with what is being sold/presented to help sell an idea or product. If you’re left saying, “What was that commercial about?” it probably used transfer. Plain Folks Showing the “common person” enjoying the benefits of an idea, product, or service. It’s so familiar, it could be you! Fear Making the viewer afraid of NOT supporting a product, service, or idea by showing them how scary the outcome could be. Faulty Logic This can apply to a lot of propaganda, but this would specifically mean anything blatantly untrue like misleading data, false cause and effect statements, etc. What is the difference between PERSUASION and PROPAGANDA? The line between these two things is difficult to distinguish, but propaganda mostly focuses on misinforming or misleading a viewer. There could be seeds of truth in what it says, but the overall goal is convincing someone at all costs, rather than truth. Persuasion is a step down from propaganda. Lots of PSAs and some ads use persuasion to try and convince people to believe something or use their products, but there is no misinformation or misleading messages involved. ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!*&! Propaganda Technique Card: Name Calling ! NAME CALLING Definition Explanation Speaking poorly about the opposing person or idea. Speaking negatively about a person or idea to condemn them and provoke a negative emotional response. Examples include calling others stupid, a snob, a liar, a fraud, crazy, etc. Example Description of Example ! ! ! This poster from World War I shows a devil seated with his arm around the shoulders of Kaiser Wilhelm II, portrayed as a devil-like figure holding a bloody sword. !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!*'! Propaganda Technique Card: Glittering Generalities GLITTERING GENERALITIES Definition Explanation These are emotionally appealing phrases so closely associated with highly valued concepts and beliefs that they carry conviction without supporting information or reason. They appeal to emotions like love of country and home, and desire for peace, freedom, glory, and honor. They ask for approval without examination of the reason. ! Any time people mention anything having to do with an “American Value” or some understood idea of how things “should” be, it’s probably a glittering generality. Example Description of Example This famous “I Want You” poster for joining the Army uses the idea of Uncle Sam – your loving family member – to call you to duty for your country. ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!*(! Propaganda Technique Card: Testimonials ! TESTIMONIALS Definition Explanation The use of a celebrity or authority figure to sell an idea or a product. If there’s a celebrity, or a doctor, or a person with experience or authority speaking, the ad is using this technique. Example Description of Example This Capitol propaganda piece uses the tacit support of Johanna and Peeta, two well-known celebrities of Panem, to bolster the Capitol’s position and trustworthiness. ! ! ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!*)! Propaganda Technique Card: Bandwagon ! BANDWAGON Definition Explanation Used to persuade audiences that if they do what “everyone else is doing,” they’ll benefit in the same way. Any commercial that shows a group of people enjoying something more than they probably would in real life is using the bandwagon technique. Example Description of Example This automotive advertisement from 1966 implies that any young man who doesn’t own this car is behind the times and not well off. ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!"+! Propaganda Technique Card: Transfer ! TRANSFER Definition The use of something mostly unrelated to what you’re selling in order to provide likability or credibility to your product / idea. Explanation If you watch it and think “That was cool! That was fun! That was great!” but you don’t really know what they’re selling, it’s transfer. JOIN THE IN CROWD GO OUT AND VOTE! Example Description of Example Smiling, well-dressed teenagers or young adults are often used in advertising to communicate a sense of fun and being popular. On their own, however, this smiling, homogenous group of people has little to do with the message of this poster. The group of friends is working to add a “coolness” factor to the idea of voting. ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!"*! Propaganda Technique Card: Plain Folks ! PLAIN FOLKS Definition This technique shows people “just like you” or shows the average citizen benefiting from a service or idea. Explanation If you find yourself watching something and thinking that it reminds you of yourself, there’s probably an element of this technique. Example Description of Example ! This is a propaganda poster made by Lionsgate to advertise the release of The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1. It is drawn as if the Capitol was running a propaganda campaign depicting citizens of different districts and thanking them for their support. !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!""! Propaganda Technique Card: Fear ! FEAR Definition Explanation Scaring your audience into thinking it needs your service, product, or idea to stay safe. Implying a sense of insecurity makes people react and feel unprotected. Example Description of Example This World War II poster stokes fear by pinning the toll of war on ‘someone’ who talked, implying that any person, military or civilian, could cause a disastrous attack by mentioning troop movements, military plans, or anything else pertaining to the war that could be intercepted by the enemy. ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!"#! Propaganda Technique Card: Faulty Logic ! FAULTY LOGIC Definition Explanation Using incorrect statistics or arguments that don’t relate to each other to make a point. These are usually more intentional lies than emotionally misleading. Example Description of Example This ad for toothpaste claims it has the support of 9 out of 10 dentists, but lots of different toothpastes claim that, and they don’t give any information on how many people they surveyed. It’s arbitrary data. ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!"$! What is the History of Propaganda? ! ! Purpose Have students learn more about propaganda of the past. Time Duration Can be done for homework or during one class period. Materials Needed Printed articles, paper, pen/pencil, way to project video. OVERVIEW: Students will be looking at propaganda of the past and also practicing their reading comprehension skills. Have students read an article on the history of propaganda and complete a “QCQ” (Quote, Comment, Question, found on page 26) on it. Any article can be used based on reading level and the needs of the students. A good intro article is “A Brief History of Propaganda” by Tavistock Books, which can be found at http://blog.tavbooks.com/?p=755 ASSIGNMENT: Step One: Hand students the article and provide them with a QCQ graphic organizer, found on page 26. Step Two: Explain that when using a QCQ, you read the article and find a quote that jumps out at you. Copy the quote in the quote box and then, in the comment box, write your interpretation of the quote. Finally, ask a question that is related to the quote and comment written previously. This should be done with THREE separate quotes. For Example – Quote “I don’t want them to change me in there. Turn me into some kind of monster that I’m not.” – Peeta Mellark in The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins Comment Question This quote shows Peeta’s integrity of character. Even though he isn’t the hero in the spotlight like Katniss, this quote proves that he can see the bigger picture and what’s worth fighting for – sometimes even more clearly than Katniss can. Since we don’t always get to see Peeta throughout the course of the Games, was there was a moment when he had to fight becoming that monster he feared? Step Three: After the article, you can supplement the reading with the following optional videos: ! The Power of Nazi Propaganda – ReasonTV https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Af44Slin7lg ! Frank Capra’s “Why We Fight” World War II Propaganda Series – Tu Ne Cede Malis https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yBUKRAE2O9c ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!"%! NAME__________________________________________ DATE ________________________________ History of Propaganda QCQ Graphic Organizer DIRECTIONS: As you read through the article, pick out three quotes that are relevant to the history of propaganda. For each one of the quotes, write your thoughts on the quote in the ‘comment’ section. Finally, write at least one question for each quote you chose. Within a single row of quote, comment, question, the three boxes should relate to each other. Each row can be independent of the other two: that is, your three prompting quotes do not need to build on a single idea. Quote Comment Question 1 2 3 ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!"&! VI. Media Today – Propaganda, News, and the YouTube Generation Purpose To help students understand the similarities between media sensationalism and propaganda. Time Duration 30 minutes to full class period Materials Needed Printed article, class set of graphic organizers (found on page 28), something to write with. ! OVERVIEW: Students will find a current event the night before and print it out for the activity in class. They will watch a brief video highlighting sensational news stories and debrief if they saw any of the previously studied propaganda techniques. Then they will review their article, identify any propaganda techniques used, and rewrite the title to show a different bias. ACTIVITY: Step One: THE NIGHT BEFORE – ask students to go home and print an article online that they think is “over the top” or might be using a propaganda technique. They don’t need to do any formal analysis or critique: just print it and read it. Step Two: In class, show students the following videos – ! Bias Bash: Media guilty of “sensationalizing” elections (http://www.frequency.com/video/bias-bash-media-guilty-of/35365974) – This clip talks about media sensationalism to gather viewers. This is an interesting video because it is a fairly honest conversation about WHY the media uses sensational stories. ! “Sensationalism Montage” (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cXc5fn6b9RI) This is a montage of news clips from the documentary MissRepresentation and other sources that have been assembled to help show media sensationalism. It is worth noting that not all news is that extreme all the time, but it does employ similar techniques on a smaller scale. Smaller portions of this video can be shown and still work for this activity. Step Three: Have students re-read their articles and fill out the graphic organizer found on page 28, identifying instances of propaganda and bias in their articles. Step Four: Finally, help students rewrite their headlines to represent an alternative bias or no bias at all. This will help highlight how easy it is to manipulate the title of an article to gather more attention. Here are some real headline examples you can use to model the process: ! Obama, Kerry absent from Unity Rally in Paris (Bradner, 2015) VS. Top US Officials Supporting Paris: How They Can While Not Canceling Obligations With Other Countries ! What Does Haiti Have to Show for $13 Billion in Earthquake Aid? (Tracy Connor, 2015) VS. Haiti Better off 5 Years After Quake, Though Still Troubled (McFadden, 2015) ! Terrorism Wins Again (O'Reilly, 2015) VS. Extremist Killers Stopped by Paris Police Force ! George Zimmerman ‘Hasn’t Been Very Lucky with the Ladies’ Says Lawyer (Hongo, 2015) VS. George Zimmerman Arrested on Suspected Domestic Violence (Greg Botelho, 2015) ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!"'! NAME__________________________________________ DATE ________________________________ News, Sensationalism, and Propaganda Graphic Organizer DIRECTIONS: Use your article to answer the questions below. KEY Words Sensationalism – The use of shocking stories or language (at the expense of accuracy) in order to provoke public interest or excitement. Media Bias- to be in favor or against something. An example of a biased headline: US Cuts Plea Deal with Pirate Who Killed 4 Americans Same Headline – without bias: Yemeni Man Opts Not to Take Piracy Plea Deal What is the title of your article? Is there any sensationalism or bias suggested in the title of your article? What is it? Rewrite your title below with an OPPOSITE view point or WITHOUT bias Look in your article and find which techniques are used to tell the story (common ones in NEWS are: fear, name-calling, faulty logic, and glittering generalities) and write the quote and technique below. For example: "We cannot possibly keep track of them all, and we are seriously FEAR outnumbered," he said. Two other former French terrorist officials agreed. ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!"(! The Responsibility of the Viewer – Calculating Your Media Footprint ! Purpose To help students understand their role in directing and encouraging ethical media practices. Time Duration One full class period split across 2 class meetings, plus homework time Materials Needed Computers/internet access, DVD player and television, graphic organizer found on page 30. OVERVIEW: This lesson is meant to highlight how students’ habits drive content. In the clip “Bias Bash” from the previous lesson, the anchor explains that you can’t blame the news for reporting the way they do because that’s what gets the attention. How, then, do consumer behaviors drive the sensationalized media? Please note: students should not access social media during class time. Have them complete the Media Footprint Calculator, found on page 30, as homework. SETUP: Cue up the DVD of The Hunger Games to the first conversation between Gale and Katniss in the woods that starts with Gale saying, “What if they did, what if everyone just stopped watching?” and ends with Katniss saying, “I’m not laughing at you!” ACTIVITY: Step One: Play the clip from The Hunger Games for the students, and pose the question, “If all the citizens in the Capitol stopped watching the Hunger Games, would the Games still exist?” Step Two: Tell students that think it WOULD stop the Hunger Games to go to the left side of the room, and those that DON’T believe it would stop the Hunger Games to go to the right side of the room. Then prompt students to make a case for why students should change their opinion and move to the opposite side. Step Three: Have them return to their seats. Point out that regardless of whether the Hunger Games would stop or not, the excitement of the Capitol citizens makes the Games even more immoral. They sensationalize the deaths of citizens for the entertainment of the rich. This being true, there is a certain responsibility on the part of the viewers for what they are encouraging by watching. Step Four: Hand out the Media Footprint Calculator to each student and explain that they are going to examine their own media usage. Since they have been studying advertising, bring up that there is a new avenue for marketing and it depends on what you “like” on Facebook. There is a video explaining this titled “Facebook Marketing Explained in 3 Minutes” by Just Social. There’s also information on the impact of social media in the video “Social Media Revolution” by Matt Feast. Watch the videos in class and have students complete the handout at home. Step Five: Have them calculate their impact and share their findings with a partner. (Next class period) ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!")! NAME__________________________________________ DATE ________________________________! Digital Footprint Calculator DIRECTIONS: Answer the questions below and then reflect on the information at the end of the sheet. 1. List all social media sites that you have a profile for. This includes things such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, yik yak, blogs, Google+, Vine, Tumblr, YouTube, etc. 2. How many of these profiles do you SEND / POST INFORMATION on?________________ 3. How many of these profiles do you ONLY look at (or consume) information?__________ 4. Think about any site you’ve posted on in the last week. WHAT have you posted (information about your life, articles, shared videos from others, your own videos, selfies, etc)? Describe below. 5. If you have a Facebook page, go on it. Look under your Facebook “about” section and see how many items you’ve “liked” Write that number here: ______________________ 6. What types of videos do you watch on YouTube? (Educational, YouTubers, humor / comedy, pet videos, music, other) 7. How many online friends on any website do you have that you don’t know in real life? 0 to 10 people 10 to 20 people 21 or above LOOK AT SECOND PAGE TO CALCULATE YOUR SCORE THEN WRITE IT IN THE BOX ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!#+! Use the guide below to calculate your points: 1. Give yourself (5) points for any social media site you have a profile on. 2. Take the number of sites you POST information on and multiply it by (2) then add that to your total. 3. Add the number of sites you ONLY LOOK AT to your total. 4. Look at WHAT you’ve posted in the last week. If you’ve posted information about yourself (selfies, family pictures, etc) add (1) point; if you’ve posted information about your community (school, church, sports organization, clubs) add (2) points; if you’ve posted / shared information about someone you don’t know (YouTube video, article) add (3) points; if you’ve posted or commented on articles or current events add (4) points to your total. 5. Add (1) point for each “liked” item on your facebook. 6. For every type of video you watch frequently, give yourself (3) points. 7. Give yourself (1) point for 0 – 10 people; (2) points for 10 – 20 people; and (3) points for 21 and above. 8. Calculate your total and compare it with your classmates, then answer the questions below. Were you surprised by anything you found out about your media use while taking the survey? If yes, what? If no, then why not? Do you think that everything you see online should be there, or are there some things that should be taken down? Based on what you watch and how you use social media, what type of information are you adding or encouraging in this world? ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!#*! CONTINUE READING / WATCHING Continue reading The Hunger Games – Part II “The Games” by Suzanne Collins or watching that section of The Hunger Games film (up to Katniss beginning to search for Peeta in the arena). You could split the reading or watching time between homework and class depending on your preference. It is suggested that students read or watch in class / at home and utilize one class period a week for in class discussion. The timeframe of the audiobook averages about 25 minutes per chapter. A companion discussion activity for The Hunger Games – Part II “The Games” follows. ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!#"! Discussion Activity Two: Tag Team Seminar ! Purpose To get students discussing key points of The Hunger Games. Time Duration 30 – 45 minutes depending on how many questions. Materials Needed Chairs, timer, a bell or noise making device if you have one (optional) ACTIVITY SETUP: 1.) Divide chairs for class in half – setup two circles of chairs (so that one chair on the inner circle matches one chair on the outer circle, leaving some space for movement). 2.) Put questions below on separate pages on a Powerpoint / Google presentation to project during the seminar. RULES OF THE SEMINAR: 1.) Have the students pair off and one partner be in “group A” and one partner be in “group B.” 2.) Remind students about good seminar etiquette: a. Step Up – if you’re usually quiet, try to be bold and say a few things. b. Share the Air – If you know you’re someone who talks a lot in discussions, try to give other students a chance to speak as well. c. Be Respectful – Some people have different opinions (and that’s okay!) 3.) Have group A go to the center circle and group B go to the outer circle. 4.) One partner must always be in the inner circle. 5.) The teacher doesn’t get involved in the seminar. *Note* It’s a student-only discussion (even if there are strange pauses, just wait for them to fill them). The only teacher involvement is when you call time and switch the discussion question to the next topic. 6.) After reading the initial question, only students in the inner circle discuss. Students in the inner circle may elaborate on previous points, debate the merits of a previous point, or make an entirely new point. 7.) Once the discussion starts, the question stays the same for a total of 10 minutes. 8.) Students must talk on a topic TWICE then they must “tag out” and switch places with their partner. Their partner then stays in the seminar and the same rule applies. 9.) When the topic switches, the students who are in the circle stay there and switch out after talking twice. Tell students they must be in the circle at some point during each 10 minute discussion. 10.) While students talk, you can have a printed roster with their names and check off how many times each person speaks. SEMINAR QUESTIONS: 1.) In what ways do the Gamemakers control the environment and “entertainment” value of the Games? 2.) Why do Katniss and Rue team up, and is this partnership different from the other teams that are made? 3.) Does knowing that she is on TV make Katniss behave differently than she would otherwise? How do you know? 4.) Are Peeta and Katniss actually in love or are they just pretending for the Games? ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!##! VII. Visiting The Hunger Games: The Exhibition At this point in the project, you should take a class trip to The Hunger Games: The Exhibition. A trip to the exhibition will allow students to be immersed in the content they have been studying and to gather resources to help them write their propaganda campaigns. Give the following graphic organizer, found on pages 35-36, to students while they explore the Exhibition. ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!#$! NAME__________________________________________ DATE ________________________________ Visiting The Hunger Games: The Exhibition DIRECTIONS: Use things you see in the Exhibition to answer the questions below. 1.) Selling a product in Panem Make a list of all the items you see for sale in The Hob area: Which of these items do you think would be the easiest to sell? Which would be the most difficult? 2.) Selling a personality in Panem – President Snow vs. President Coin Based on what you see in the Exhibition, how is President Snow different from President Coin? In what ways are President Snow and President Coin similar? ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!#%! 3.) Selling the Hunger Games – Capitol TV What are some of the ways Caesar Flickerman and The Capitol “sell” the Hunger Games to the people of Panem? What do you see in the Exhibition that shows how the Hunger Games were presented to the people of Panem? 1.) Selling the tributes – Cinna’s Design Studio What role did the outfits Cinna designed for Katniss play in “selling” the tributes? How did the clothing Cinna designed for Katniss help her before and during the Games? ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!#&! VIII. Putting Together a Compelling Story ! Purpose Getting into groups and deciding the topic of their video. Time Duration Half a class to a full class depending on group work / brainstorming time. Materials Needed Class copies of the handout (found on pages 38-39), something to write with. Group students by whatever method you think best; there should be approximately 4 students in each group. Step 1: Have students choose what they’ll be advertising: ! Campaign promoting either President Snow or the rebels. ! Product Ad promoting anything mentioned in The Hunger Games – Capitol hairstyles or fashion, Mockingjay merchandise, Greasy Sae’s counter in the Hob, etc. ! A campaign ad to sponsor a tribute for the Hunger Games. ! A public service announcement for citizens of Panem supporting or discouraging the Hunger Games themselves. ! If you prefer, you may have the students develop a propaganda piece for a current event or hot topic. Step 2: Have students choose two different propaganda techniques to use in their films: ! Name Calling ! Glittering Generalities ! Testimonial ! Transfer ! Bandwagon ! Plain Folks ! Fear ! Faulty Logic Step 3: Have them fill out the form found on pages 38-39 and hand it in as an outline for their propaganda film. ! ! ! ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!#'! NAMES______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ DATE ________________________________ Propaganda Project Group Worksheet DIRECTIONS: Answer each question with details about your group and your propaganda project. Who is in your group? What will the subject of your propaganda video be? Products of Panem Political Sponsor a Tribute campaign for the Hunger (Selling an item in Games (Snow vs. Coin) Panem) Other (explain below) Explain in general what you will be promoting or selling with your propaganda video: What TWO techniques of propaganda will you be using for your advertisement? ! Name Calling – Calling the opposition names, or saying bad things about them. ! Glittering Generalities – using values and morals to support your ad (family, religion, honor, country, etc). ! Testimonial – Having someone famous say they support what you’re doing / selling. ! Bandwagon – Showing that everyone does something, uses a product, or thinks like you do. ! Transfer – Grabbing people’s attention by totally distracting them with unrelated topics that are awesome, credible, or positive. ! Plain Folks – Showing that common people support a cause. ! Fear – Showing how terrifying it would be NOT to support or buy what you’re selling. ! Faulty Logic – Using misrepresentation of data or misleading statistics to support your claims. ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!#(! Working with your team, write a first draft outline of what will happen in your propaganda ad from start to finish: Who in your group is acting in your film? Who in your group is directing / editing your film? Who in your group is designing (gathering costumes, set pieces, and props) for your film? ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!#)! Compiling the Story into a Script ! ! Purpose To help students convert their concept into a script for a 1 minute to 1 minute 30 second advertisement. Time Duration One class period Materials Needed Printed handouts (found on pages 41-42), something to write with, the example (or printed copies). OVERVIEW: Students should have their topic, their propaganda technique, and a general idea of how they want to present the information. Now it is about executing that idea to work towards the best possible product. For this project, that means breaking down their ideas into the following steps: CONCEPT, SCRIPT, STORYBOARDS, FILMING, and POST PRODUCTION. The first to focus on is the script. Have the students work in teams to convert their ideas into a script. LESSON: Pass out the handout found on pages 41-42 and go over an example script with the class. A good example script with details about what items go where can be found at Writersstore.com (http://www.writersstore.com/how-to-write-a-screenplay-a-guide-to-scriptwriting/) titled “How to Write a Screenplay: Script Example & Screenwriting Tips.” ! ! ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!$+! NAMES______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ DATE ________________________________ First Draft Screenplay DIRECTIONS: Work with your group to turn your general idea into a script for a 1 MINUTE to 1:30 MINUTE propaganda advertisement. **TIP** Remember to include NON VERBAL directions in your script as well. Actions and gestures can tell a story more effectively than someone speaking and not doing anything. THIS IS JUST AN OUTLINE TO GET YOU STARTED! Start by filling out the blanks and then continue the format on another sheet of paper. Type up your final draft after it is approved. Fade In: 1.) What is the setting? Indicate inside a building [INT.] or outside a building [EXT.] where [AT HOME] and day or night. Example: EXT. DISTRICT ELEVEN – SUNSET __________________________________________________________________ 2.) What does it look like/ A description of what’s happening in the scene? Example: The sun has just set and we’re looking at an orchard full of trees. We hear four notes ring out and echo across the space. **If you change shots (or views of your camera) add a transition** For Example: DISSOLVE TO 3.) Who are your characters? For a character’s first appearance you use ALL CAPS for their name and describe them. For example: RUE, a small twelve year old with dark brown skin and eyes jumps down out of a tree. ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!$*! 4.) Dialogue – what are your characters going to say? Any action or unspoken direction is written “left justified” on your page like the name example above. Any dialogue is written like the example below. RUE I’m usually up highest, so I’m the first to see the flag that signals quitting time. There’s a special little song I do that the mockingjays spread over the orchard. That’s how everyone knows to knock off. Character: CONTINUE YOUR SCRIPT USING THESE FORMATTING RULES ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!$"! Turning the Script into a Storyboard ! Purpose Planning the key moments in a propaganda film visually. Time Duration Half a class to a full class depending on group work / brainstorming time. Materials Needed Big roll of craft paper or poster board with “shot” squares on it. OVERVIEW: Just like scripts help plan out the words of a film, storyboards help plan out what a film will look like. Have students watch a film about translating the written word to the screen via storyboards and then go through the process of storyboarding their films as well. VIDEO: The Hunger Games EXTRAS “Prepping for the Games: a Directors Process” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c6rpF3fhbrM SETUP: Prep a large piece of paper or poster with at least SIX different squares (see example to the right). They can always add to this, but they should have at least SIX different defining moments for their propaganda piece. OPTIONAL SUPPORT: There’s a video showing J. Todd Anderson (a Hollywood storyboard artist) talking about how he communicates visual ideas in storyboard form. The title is “6-Minute Speed Course Storyboarding with J. Todd Anderson” and it can be found at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zL6X1SaaxHU. For use with students, utilize the video only up to the 4:30 mark. ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!$#! Filming and Editing the Propaganda Films ! Purpose The act of filming the propaganda films. Time Duration 2 to 3 class periods to film, approximately 3 to 4 days to edit. Materials Needed Something to film with, computers to edit on. FILMING: This portion of the project is going to depend on the resources available to you and your class. You could record these films on video cameras, DSLR cameras, iPads, or even smartphones. You should provide the students with basic instructions for how to care and operate the equipment at a base level, but some of the best learning about how to film will come from them working with the equipment. EDITING: This also depends on your access to various technologies. If you have Macs in your classroom, you can use iMovie; if you have a PC, you can use Windows Movie Maker. If you lack either of those programs or require further information, consult websites that compare and contrast various editing tools for students. ! ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!$$! FINISH READING / WATCHING Finish reading The Hunger Games – Part III “The Victor” by Suzanne Collins or watching The Hunger Games film. You could split the reading or watching time between homework and class depending on your preference. It is suggested that students read / watch in class or at home and then utilize one class period a week for in class discussion. The timeframe of the audiobook averages about 25 minutes per chapter. See below for a companion discussion activity for The Hunger Games – Part III “The Victor.” ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!$%! Discussion Activity Three: Who’s on Trial? ! Purpose To get students discussing key points of The Hunger Games. Time Duration 45 minutes - could take longer depending on how much you draw out the scenario. Materials Needed Class copies of the graphic organizer (found on page 48) DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITY: This is an activity that allows students to practice perspective taking and role-playing. Each group is given a scenario, For example: Who is responsible for the success of the Hunger Games in Panem? Then, each person is assigned a role in the scenario. For example: Head Gamemaker, Caesar Flickerman, a Tribute, a Mentor, a Capitol citizen. Students then have to plead their case about why their assigned role is not responsible. After they make their case about why it ISN’T them, they suggest another character that should be on trial (they can’t say their character is guilty). After everyone has made his or her case, the class as jury votes by hand raise and decides which character is responsible. ! ACTIVITY SETUP: 1.) Assign students to a scenario and have them take home and fill out their worksheets, found on page 48, the night before the activity – Remind students to speak in first person as if they were that person, and encourage them to stick to the outline of the story but also to come up with motives that might not be clearly stated in the book. 2.) *Optional* Find a gavel or other props to play up the courtroom setting. 3.) *Optional* Create a presentation that lists the scenarios so they can be projected on the board during the activity for visual and English language learners. ! ACTIVITY: 1.) Call a group up to the front of the room. One person starts and reads his or her testimony/ account of whom he or she thinks is at fault in the scenario. 2.) At the end of their account, allow about two questions from the jury (rest of the class) for the person. Questions should be answered in character. 3.) Move on to the next person and repeat. 4.) After the last person has spoken, vote for which character is responsible. SCENARIOS and ROLES: 1.) Who is responsible for the fact that there were TWO victors of the 74th Hunger Games? a. Katniss – Who thinks to eat the berries b. Peeta – Who picks the berries in the first place c. A Capitol Citizen – Who supports and pushes the love story d. Seneca Crane – Who lets them both live e. Haymitch – Who (in the movie) asks Seneca to allow the opportunity for two victors ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ! " # $ % !&!$&! ™ Who’s on Trial? …Continued 2.) Who is the most responsible for making the Hunger Games so cruel? a. Caesar Flickerman – Who highlights and promotes the most brutal kills to all of Panem b. A Gamemaker – Who designs the elements of the Games c. President Snow – Who continues the Games each year d. A Tribute – Who kills brutally once the Games start e. One of the first rebels – Who rebelled against the Capitol and caused the start of the Hunger Games to begin with. 3.) Who is responsible for the oppression of the people in the Districts of Panem? a. President Snow – Who makes the laws of Panem b. The Peacemakers – Who enforce the rules of Panem c. A Law-Abiding Citizen of Panem – Who does nothing to overthrow the government of Panem d. A Rebel of Panem – Who causes harsher rules by stirring up trouble e. Capitol Citizens – Who use all the resources in the Capitol leaving far less for the districts 4.) Who is responsible for the fact that the tributes hurt other tributes when the Games start? a. A Career Tribute – Who has been trained for the Games and makes it necessary for other tributes to fight to defend themselves b. A Tribute From An Outlying District – Who ends up fighting because they have to defend themselves c. A Combat Trainer – Who works in the Tribute Center and trains tributes to use weapons to hurt others d. The Mentors – Who coach their tributes to win at all costs e. A Gamemaker – Who creates scenarios that force tributes to fight each other 5.) Who is responsible for the success of the Hunger Games in Panem? a. The Head Gamemaker – Who designs a good show b. Caesar Flickerman – Who broadcasts it and creating hype c. A Tribute – Who participates & puts on a “good show” d. The Mentors – Who give the tributes an “angle” and help them be popular with the people of Panem e. A Capitol Citizen – Who ALWAYS watches and sponsors tributes Build up the hype the day before when you assign the work, and remind them that if they aren’t prepared with what to say, the activity won’t be as fun and their character could end up on trial! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!$'! NAME______________________________________________ DATE___________________________________ Discussion Activity Three: Who’s on Trial? Worksheet DIRECTIONS: YOU are a very important part of Panem! However, you find yourself on trial for something unfortunate and you are definitely INNOCENT! Plead your case and prove your innocence (You CAN’T say your character is at fault) to your fellow citizens of Panem. Also, convincingly accuse another character; it will help your case. Fill out this form to prepare your case and remember: WRITE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF YOUR CHARACTER. For example: “My name is Primrose Everdeen, and it isn’t my fault Katniss had to go into the Hunger Games! I was scared, but I would have gone. She stepped up and volunteered. I tried to tell her that I would go, but Gale picked me up and carried me off. If it weren’t for Gale, I could have convinced Katniss just to let me go and she never would have gone to the Hunger Games in the first place.” What’s Your Scenario? Who’s Your Character? Write AT LEAST THREE reasons the scenario is NOT your fault. (You cannot blame yourself!) My Name is [say your character’s name] and it is not my fault that [say what you’re on trial for] because : Reason One: Reason Two: Reason Three: WHO is responsible for the scenario and WHY? ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!$(! IX. Appendix A: Assessments ! In this section you will find assessments for the overall project and then quizzes for the three parts of The Hunger Games. The formative and summative assessments are the same form, and students shouldn’t study for either. This means they should be graded for completion, but not for content. Give one before the project starts and one after the project is complete. These assessments are a tool to help gauge student learning over the course of the project. The section quizzes focus on characters and main ideas from the book or film. Some of them are right / wrong answers but the other questions should be graded for depth of understanding: ! Formative / Summative Assessment ! The Hunger Games – Part I “The Tributes” Quiz ! The Hunger Games – Part II “The Games” Quiz ! The Hunger Games – Part III “The Victor” Quiz ! ! “District Twelve. Where you can starve to death in safety.” ! Katniss Everdeen in The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!$)! NAME: _________________________________________ DATE: ___________________________ Propaganda and News Project Formative / Summative Assessment Do your best to answer the questions as completely as possible – it’s okay if you don’t know an answer! 1.) List as many propaganda techniques as you can remember. 2.) What are the main themes in The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins? 3.) How do these themes compare with things that happen in our world? 4.) What is the difference between propaganda and news? Use the back of this sheet if you need extra room to write. ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!%+! NAME: _________________________________________ DATE: ___________________________ ! The Hunger Games Part I “The Tributes” ! 1.) Matching Section: Match the character in one column to information about them in the other. Katniss Everdeen Peeta Mellark A. Talented artist. His name was pulled at the District 12 reaping as the male tribute for the 74th Hunger Games. B. Citizen of District 12 who has a strong dislike of the Capitol and hunts in the woods. Promised to take care of Prim if anything bad happens to Katniss. Haymitch Abernathy C. 12-year-old whose name was pulled from the tribute bowl at the District 12 reaping, but didn’t go to the Hunger Games. Effie Trinket D. Lives with sister and mother in District 12. Learned how to hunt from her father before he was killed in a coal mining accident. Primrose Everdeen E. Lives in the Capitol and works as an escort for the District 12 tributes. She pulls the names of the tributes every year. Gale Hawthorne F. Prior victor of the Hunger Games. He has been the mentor for many District 12 tributes over the years and lost them all. Short Answer: Answer the questions as thoroughly as possible, provide details as examples. 2.) Is Panem a good place to live? Explain why or why not? (Write 2 – 3 sentences, BE SPECIFIC) ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!%*! Short Answer Continued: 3.) Describe Katniss’s relationship with the following people BEFORE the Hunger Games. How do these relationships define her personality? Prim Katniss’s Mother Gale Peeta ! ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!%"! ANSWER KEY The Hunger Games Part I “The Tributes” ! ! Matching Section: Match the character in one column to information about them in the other. D Katniss Everdeen A Peeta Mellark F Haymitch Abernathy E Effie Trinket C Primrose Everdeen B Gale Hawthorne A. Talented artist. His name was pulled at the District 12 reaping as the male tribute for the 74th Hunger Games. B. Citizen of District 12 who has a strong dislike of the Capitol and hunts in the woods. Promised to take care of Prim if anything bad happens to Katniss. C. 12-year-old whose name was pulled from the tribute bowl at the District 12 reaping, but didn’t go to the Hunger Games. D. Lives with sister and mother in District 12. Learned how to hunt from her father before he was killed in a coal mining accident. E. Lives in the Capitol and works as an escort for the District 12 tributes. She pulls the names of the tributes every year. F. Prior victor of the Hunger Games. He has been the mentor for many District 12 tributes over the years and lost them all. Short Answer: Answer the questions as thoroughly as possible, provide details as examples. Is Panem a good place to live? Explain why or why not? (Write 2 – 3 sentences, BE SPECIFIC) This is mostly an opinion, but it doesn’t really matter if they say it IS or ISN’T a good place to live. Look at the reasons students give to judge their depth of understanding for the structure and situations of Panem and its people. If they say it isn’t a good place to live and they might mention things such as: poverty, the Hunger Games, heavy presence of military, the gap between rich and poor. If they say it is they might mention: that there hasn’t been a war for 100 years, the people in the capitol have a really good life, there are lots of technological advancements, etc. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!%#! Short Answer Continued: Describe Katniss’s relationship with the following people BEFORE the Hunger Games. How do these relationships define her personality? Prim Katniss’s Mother Katniss and Prim are very close. After the death of her father, Katniss took on the role of caretaker for her whole family. She is constantly protecting and providing for Prim. The relationship she has with Prim drives her whole character. Taking care of Prim is what caused her to fight starvation and start hunting, and saving Prim is what caused her to sacrifice herself for the reaping. Katniss and her mother have a complicated relationship. Katniss resents her mother for not taking care of her and Prim after her father died. She doesn’t say it much overtly, but she still is uncomfortable trusting her mother’s assistance even though her mother isn’t lost in her grieving of her husband. This relationship helped make Katniss determined and a little more emotionally hardened. Gale Before the Hunger Games, Gale is someone who Katniss can trust without question. He is a source of knowledge and they teach each other to survive. When everyone was relying on her, and she had no one to help her, she found Gale. Their relationship holds a great deal of respect and trust. Gale is the only person (before the Games) that Katniss can count on. Her relationship with Gale helps her become strong and confident in herself. Peeta Before the Hunger Games, Katniss only knows about Peeta because he saved her life. He showed her mercy and gave her a piece of burnt bread, despite the fact that he was beaten for it. Before the Games, Katniss is thankful for the kindness Peeta showed her but also feels extreme guilt and a bit of resentment towards him. She doesn’t like “owing people” for anything, and she feels like she owes him more than she can repay. Even though they don’t know each other well, Peeta changed Katniss’s life by giving her hope. ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!%$! NAME: _________________________________________ DATE: ___________________________ ! The Hunger Games Part II “The Games” ! ! Matching Section: Match the character in one column to information about them in the other. Cato A. Female Career tribute from District 1 who was killed by Katniss with a nest of tracker jackers. Clove B. Very smart tribute from District 5. She is hard to catch, but not good in a fight. C. Male tribute from District 1. Katniss’s first direct kill by an arrow to the throat after he kills Rue. Rue Glimmer D. Female tribute from District 2 who is skilled at throwing knives. Only tribute to come close to killing Katniss – twice. Marvel E. The Hunger Games stylist who made the outfit that turned Katniss into “the girl on fire.” Foxface F. Male tribute from District 2 and leader of the Career pack. Anticipated winner of the Hunger Games. Cinna G. Female tribute from District 11. Her knowledge of trees and plants keeps her alive longer than anticipated. She forms a strong bond with Katniss. Short Answer: Answer the questions as thoroughly as possible, provide details as examples. Why does Peeta join with the Career tributes in the beginning of the Games? What does he hope to gain? ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!%%! Short Answer Continued: How are the following skills useful in the Hunger Games? Give examples from the book to back up your answer. Combat Skills Hunting Knowledge of Plants and Trees Intelligence ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!%&! ANSWER KEY The Hunger Games Part II “The Games” ! Matching Section: Match the character in one column to information about them in the other. Cato A. Female Career tribute from District 1 who was killed by Katniss with a nest of tracker jackers. Clove B. Very smart tribute from District 5. She is hard to catch, but not good in a fight. Rue C. Male tribute from District 1. Katniss’s first direct kill by an arrow to the throat after he kills Rue. Glimmer D. Female tribute from District 2 who is skilled at throwing knives. Only tribute to come close to killing Katniss – twice. Marvel E. The Hunger Games stylist who made the outfit that turned Katniss into “the girl on fire.” Foxface F. Male tribute from District 2 and leader of the Career pack. Anticipated winner of the Hunger Games. Cinna G. Female tribute from District 11. Her knowledge of trees and plants keeps her alive longer than anticipated. She forms a strong bond with Katniss. F D G A C B E Short Answer: Answer the questions as thoroughly as possible, provide details as examples. Why does Peeta join with the Career tributes in the beginning of the Games? What does he hope to gain? Peeta joins the Careers to help keep Katniss safe. He knows they are going to go after her, so he pretends to gain their trust so at the last minute he can help save her. At first it seems like he is trying to win the Games for himself, but really the entire time he is working to protect Katniss and playing into their “star-crossed lovers” story. ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!%'! Short Answer Continued: How are the following skills useful in the Hunger Games? Give examples from the book to back up your answers. ! ! Combat Skills Combat skills are useful when you are attacked by another tribute. For more aggressive tributes they are also the best means of winning the game. The Careers from the 74th Hunger Games couldn’t hunt or find supplies well, but since they could fight they used that skill to secure all of the supplies at the Cornucopia. This worked well for them until Katniss blew up the supplies. Then it didn’t matter how much combat they knew because the elements / starvation were getting to them. Hunting The skill of hunting could be used as an aggressive combat tactic, but more than that it’s the art of knowing how to find food. Meat provides severely needed proteins and nourishment over the course of the Games. Tributes who can hunt don’t need to rely on the Cornucopia or risk getting stabbed for grabbing supplies. Katniss stays out of the way of the other tributes for a long time, going about her normal hunting routine. The Gamemakers even have to start a fire to push her towards the other tributes. Knowledge of Plants and Trees A lot of people underestimate this skill and the skill of camouflage, but victors in the past have used both of these to win the Games. In the Hunger Games, Rue knows more about plants than any of the other tributes in the arena. She shows Katniss what leaves to chew to help cure the tracker jacker stings. Rue also shows Katniss edible berries versus nightlock which plays a major role in the rest of the games. Intelligence Many victors have won the Games using their intellect. In the 74th Hunger Games, the girl Katniss calls Foxface from District 5 is the smartest tribute in the arena. Though she has no hunting, gathering, or combat skills she is able to evade notice and take food from other tributes (sometimes without them even noticing). ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!%(! NAME: _________________________________________ DATE: ___________________________! The Hunger Games Part III “The Victor” ! ! Matching Section: Match the character in one column to information about them in the other. A. The Master of Ceremonies for the Hunger Games. He conducts tribute interviews, runs the highlight reel, and provides commentary for the Games. B. The leader of Panem. He greets the tributes in the opening ceremonies, and always has a white rose in his coat lapel. C. The head Gamemaker for the 74th Hunger Games. It was he who allowed Katniss and Peeta to both live at the end of the Hunger Games. D. The male tribute from District 11. He is extremely strong, but spares Katniss’s life because of her partnership with Rue. President Snow Seneca Crane Thresh Caesar Flickerman Short Answer: Answer the questions as thoroughly as possible, provide details as examples. Why was what Katniss did with the berries such a big offense to the Capitol? ! ! ! ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!%)! Short Answer Continued: 2.) In the Games, animals called “muttations” are used against the tributes. Explain what the following muttations are and why they are so dangerous. Tracker Jacker Mockingjay Wolf Mutts ! ! ! ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!&+! ANSWER KEY The Hunger Games Part III “The Victor” ! ! Matching Section: Match the character in one column to information about them in the other. B C D A President Snow A. The Master of Ceremonies for the Hunger Games. He conducts tribute interviews, runs the highlight reel, and provides commentary for the Games. Seneca Crane B. The leader of Panem. He greets the tributes in the opening ceremonies, and always has a white rose in his coat lapel. Thresh C. The head Gamemaker for the 74th Hunger Games. It was he who allowed Katniss and Peeta to both live at the end of the Hunger Games. Caesar Flickerman D. The male tribute from District 11. He is extremely strong, but spares Katniss’s life because of her partnership with Rue. Short Answer: Answer the questions as thoroughly as possible, provide details as examples. Why was what Katniss did with the berries such a big offense to the Capitol? The purpose of the Hunger Games is to remind the Districts that the Capitol (and only the Capitol) is in control of the country and not them. For the system to survive, it need its followers in the Capitol (and first few districts – like the army) to be on board. Katniss and Peeta created such a good “story” with the star-crossed lovers theme that it put the Gamemakers in an odd position: play into the hype of the Games, or keep it strictly about control. There aren’t supposed to be “winners” of the Hunger Games, only “survivors,” because the Capitol is always supposed to be the winner. However, Katniss changed the rules when she held up the berries and forced the Capitol to let her and Peeta live to carry on the appearance of a good show. Then that one spark of defiance starts rebellions in the Districts. ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!&*! Short Answer Continued: 3.) In the Games, animals called “muttations” are used against the tributes. Explain what the following muttations are and why they are so dangerous. Tracker Jacker Tracker jackers are the wasp-like creatures in the Hunger Games that Katniss uses to attack the career tributes (killing one of them). Tracker jackers have extremely painful stings and more than a few stings are lethal. On top of being painful, they cause powerful hallucinations. The severity of the stings from the tracker jackers rendered all of the strongest tributes in the Games inactive for several days. Mockingjay Mockingjays were not intended to be muttations. They were the result of mockingbirds that mated with the Capitol created jabberjays used to spy on people in the districts. The mockingjay is not dangerous to the tributes but they are dangerous to the Capitol. They are an example of something the Capitol never intended to happen that flourished on their own. Since their very existence is such an act of defiance, they are dangerous as a symbol of the revolution. Wolf Mutts The wolf mutts enter the story running after Cato. They chase Cato, Peeta, and Katniss up on top of the Cornucopia. The scariest thing about these mutts is that they look like the previously killed tributes; more specifically they have their eyes. ! ! ! ! ! ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!&"! X. Sources of Information ! Bibliography Bradner, E. (2015, January 12). Obama, Kerry Absent From Unity Rally in Paris. Retrieved December 2014, from CNN: http://www.cnn.com/2015/01/11/politics/obama-kerryparis/index.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+rss %2Fcnn_topstories+%28RSS%3A+Top+Stories%29 Broadview Security - Brink's Home Security. (2009, October 28). Broadview Security - The Next Generation of Brinks Home Security: "The House Party". Retrieved December 2014, from YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DKI4t5MFG1E Bush-Quayle '88. (2009, December 26). 1988 George Bush Sr. "Family/Children" Ad Campaign. 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Retrieved January 2015, from NBC NEWS : http://www.nbcnews.com/news/investigations/what-does-haiti-have-show-13-billionearthquake-aid-n281661 ! !! & © 2015 Lions Gate Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. ™ ! " # $ % !&!&$!