Annex 4C.4
Definition of the Scope of
Work for the EIA and
Feasibility Study for Regional
SWM Facilities
This Annex provides example terms of references for a feasibility study and EIA,
used for World Bank funded projects.
Definition of Scope of Work
for Environmental Impact Assessment and Feasibility Study
for Regional Solid Waste Management Facilities
in 4 Municipalities/Municipality Clusters to be Selected by the Department
of Environment (DE)
I General
1.
Introduction
This annex defines the scope of work for the
Consultant’s technical assistance to the DE and selected municipalities for
them to formulate Environmental Impact Assessment and Feasibility Studies.
2.
Assignment
The overall objective of the assignment is to bring the
preparation of the proposed Integrated Solid Waste Management Facilities
(ISWMF) in 4 municipalities/municipality clusters to be selected by DE, to the
point at which it can be proposed by Government to the World Bank for
financing under the investment project. For each facility, the consultant will
provide technical assistance for municipality/DE to formulate an investment
report (IR) and each IR should include:
(a)
an Environmental Impact Statement report prepared according
to the requirements of Government and the World Bank. This
report should address all environmental issues associated with
the siting of the proposed facility including public
acceptability. The requirement of Government is defined in the
DE Administrative Order No./Year. The World Bank norms
are defined in Operational Directives 4.01, 4.2 and 4.3. The
consultant should assist Government to end this assignment by
synthesising the facility-specific EA Reports into a project-wide
EA report to meet World Bank appraisal requirements.
(b)
a final feasibility report, confirming the feasibility and safety of
the proposed site and the site access design, and the technical,
financial and economic feasibility of the proposed facility; and
(c)
restoration design and implementation plan for closing and
rehabilitating existing dumpsites in the participating cities
(c)
terms of reference for undertaking detailed engineering design
and preparing procurement documents for goods and civil
works
3.
This annex is arranged in the following order -- I - General; II - Public
Consultation; III - Regional Clustering and Waste Collection; IV - Site
Selection; V - Environmental Impact Statement; VI - Feasibility Study; VII Closure and Rehabilitation of Existing Dumpsites; VIII - - Study Organization;
and IX - Timing and Outputs.
II.
Public Consultation and Participation
4.
A credible Public Consultation Process (PCP) is crucial to the successful
completion of the assignment and completing the preparatory work. The PCP
process will continue through project implementation and facility operation.
The Consultant should work with an NGO to be mobilised by the
Government as part of the team to design and facilitate the implementation of
a suitable consultation process, ensuring that public views are considered in
project design and subsequently incorporated in construction and operation
phases. The Consultant should assist municipalities to :
(a)
identify and form a stakeholders group, and periodically
convene it to obtain feedback;
(b)
assist the stakeholders group in preparing and disseminating
public information;
(c)
assist the group in establishing mechanisms and conduits for
consulting communities and representative groups;
(d)
keep record of information and consultation; and
(e)
propose a strategy for continuing community and NGO
monitoring during facility construction and operation.
III
Regional Clustering and Waste Collection
5.
From earlier studies, new surveys and waste characterisation study, the
Consultant should assist municipalities to obtain/update as much reliable
data as possible on the quantities and characteristics of the municipal wastes
that are likely to be handled by the proposed facility. More specifically, this
task will include:
(a)
determining the waste catchment area to be served by the proposed
facility, and assessing the number of municipalities that could be
services be each of the facilities. This should be based on waste
collection efficiency, political willingness to participate in a regional
approach, willingness to pay for improved service and invest in future
capital investments beyond the life of World Bank financing;
(b)
undertaking waste generation and waste characteristics analysis.
Forecasting future waste generation, taking into account high, medium
and low growth scenarios;
(c)
assessing the waste available for centralised disposal after discounting
wastes that are scavenged, recycled and composted by small scale
operations.
IV Site Selection
6.
The municipalities should undertake a credible and transparent site
selection exercise to select potential sites for the facilities. This can begin once
their is a notional understanding of the waste catchment area and the
participating municipalities. Public consultation forms an important part of
the site selection exercise, and details are provide below. The specific activities
to be undertaken for each facility are as follows:
(a)
development of guidelines for site selection and screening, which can be
used by DE in future activities. Screening should begin with the
preparation of a long-list of sites, which are subjected to an initial
screening based on constraint mapping (avoiding sensitive habitats and
eco-systems, human settlements, cultural properties etc.);
(b)
undertake public consultation at this point, and explain the next steps;
(c)
emerging from the above would be a short-list of candidate sites (2-3),
which should be screened and ranked using the environmental, social,
technical and financial criteria. A range of such criteria is suggested
below, and the consultant should indicate in the technical proposal
which of the criteria will be used:
•
projected capacity/volume of the sites;
•
availability of the area;
•
distance of transporting solid waste, access road
conditions and traffic volume;
•
need for transfer stations and their siting;
•
availability of cover soil at or near the site, or
distance of
transporting cover soil;
•
existing and future landuse plans;
•
existence of nearby residential and commercial
areas;
implication on existing and future agricultural,
fisheries, forestry and tourism industries;
•
underlying geological features, particularly the
permeability of soil; aesthetic appearance
including topography and landscapes;
•
surface and subsurface hydrology and water
resources;
•
protection against potential natural and manmade disasters;
•
surface and groundwater pollution potential;
•
odour and dust emission;
•
noise pollution;
•
destruction of flora and fauna habitats,
especially those of
endangered, rare or protected species; and
•
damage to aesthetic and cultural values.
(d)
meet with the stakeholder group and hold a broader meeting with the
community to inform them of the selection process;
(e)
recommend the most suitable site, and then begin detailed site-level
investigations to prepare the EIS and FS reports for that facility; and
(f)
document the site selection process for each facility.
V
Environmental Impact Assessment
7.
Purpose The Government and the World Bank, both require the
preparation of an Environmental Impact Assessment prior to the
establishment of the facility. Public consultation is an integral part of the EIA
process, and guidance is provided above.
8.
Specific Objectives
The Consultant should assist municipalities to
undertake surveys, conduct studies, consult with the community and compile
the EIA report. Some of the tasks defined below would have been undertaken
as part of the site selection exercise, municipality should avoid duplicating
data collection. The EIA should cover all likely construction and operation
activities and will include, but not to be limited to, an assessment of the
environmental and social impacts relating to the:
(a)
physical and geographical suitability and public acceptability
of the proposed facility and haulage routes;
(b)
land acquisition and displacement of people;
(c)
waste transfer, re-cycling, treatment and disposal technologies
to be employed;
(d)
pollution abatement options to be employed;
(e)
management control and operational practices to be employed;
(f)
potential for accidents and failures to be foreseen and
mitigated; and
(g)
monitoring and long term restoration of landfills.
9.
Study Area
Following the conclusion of the site selection exercise
(Section IV), the consultant should assist municipalities to define the study
area for each facility, and obtain the concurrence of the DE. In doing so the
consultant will be guided by public consultation that was undertaken
previously.
10.
Scope of Work
The specific tasks for this assistance is given below.
(a)
Task 1- Project Description
For presentational purpose this
section has been included here. But in reality, this task can be
completed only after much of the environmental assessment
and site level investigations are completed and alternatives are
analysed. The Consultant should assist municipality to provide
a description of the scope and physical characteristics of the
proposed facility. This will include information on the
integrated system (e.g. leachate collection and treatment), unit
processes to be operated, handling and haulage methods to be
employed and types and quantities of waste to be processed,
phased approach of facility development and closure and
restoration of landfill;
Describe fully the project site, its location map, survey plan,
and general layout of the proposed landfill. The Consultant
shall assist municipalities to provide maps of appropriate scale
(1:5.000 - 1:1.000) showing the project site and facilities. Maps
that will be provided should be such that the project facilities
could easily be pin-pointed in relation to geographic and
hydrogeological features, existing transport system and human
settlement in the area.
(b)
Task 2 - Project Alternatives
The Consultant should assist
municipalities to make a systematic comparison of alternatives
taking into account environmental and social factors. (a) Sites synthesise the site selection exercise (b) Routes - The
Consultant should assist municipality to compare the different
haulage routes for the trucking of the waste and the need for
transfer stations. (c) Technologies - Compare the alternate
methods of treatment and disposal technology options for the
facility including leachate, and their environmental and social
impacts and costs. The basis for the selection of the
recommended option for the project design must be stated.
Include the alternative of not constructing the project, in order
to demonstrate environmental conditions without it;
(c)
Task 3 - Existing Environment and Baseline Conditions Data
Collection The Consultant will assist municipalities to define
the study area taking into account the probable regions of
influence of major project related environmental impacts and
collect data on relevant physical, biological and socio-economic
conditions. Broadly the following form of the data categories
should be covered in and around the site selected.. This will
draw upon existing, available information from state agencies
and research organisations and third parties, supplemented as
necessary by a field monitoring program. It must be noted
some of the data mentioned here will be collected as part of the
site selection exercise. Emphasis should be placed on
hydrology, geology and hydrogeological information, and
other data, in the opinion of the consultant, crucial to the
assignment. The Consultant should assist municipality to
propose in their proposal/work plan, the parameters (timeline,
distance and area, sample size etc.) of data collection:
•
•
•
•
terrain - topography, soils, soil erosion, climate and
meteorology (including storms and typhoons), ambient
air quality (mainly particulates);
hydrology and water quality - geology, drainage, water
abstraction and usage, surface and groundwater
hydrology, existing water quality status (critical
parameters);
biological - an inventory of flora and fauna, sensitive
habitats and endangered species, and forest lands;
socio-economic conditions - Human factors: population,
community structure, employment, distribution of
income, goods and services, recreation, public health,
presence of tribal groups, their customs, aspirations and
attitudes. Land features: land ownership, landuse and
zoning, proximity of site to residential and economic
locations and archaeological and historical properties,
planned development activities, transport access and
availability of utilities and services.
(d)
Task 4 - Determination of the Potential Impacts. The
Consultant will assist municipalities to begin by identifying
positive and negative impacts likely to result from the
proposed project, interpreting “environmental” throughout the
EIA study to include socio-economic impacts as well as
impacts on the natural environment. Following this, the
Consultant should assist municipality to prepare a description
of the likely changes in the prevailing environmental
conditions that may be brought about by establishing the
proposed facility. This part of the study should distinguish
between effects on the immediate vicinity of the facility from
repercussions further away and should identify both short
term and long term environmental impacts, especially the
taking into consideration long-term generation and fate of
leachate. Where practicable, the size and severity of effects
should be quantified, and attention should be drawn to specific
issues of uncertainty and trade-off between competing/
conflicting impacts. The extent and quality of available data,
key data gaps and uncertainties associated with predictions
should be described. Topics that do not require further
attention should be specified. Any impacts that are irreversible
and/or cannot be avoided or mitigate should be identified.
(e)
Task 5 - Analysis and Evaluation of Risks The Consultant
should assist municipalities to identify the impacts that can
translate to potential risks in the construction and operation
phases, and risk analysis performed.
(f)
Task 6 - Formulation of Environmental Management Plan
(i)
Mitigation Plan. For each significant negative impact or
major risk, the Consultant should assist municipalities
to recommend and describe a measure to avoid or
mitigate (reduce to acceptable levels) or when
unavoidable, to compensate for the damage. If needed,
the Consultant should assist municipality to prepare the
plan in two parts -- one for impacts and the other for
risks. The description should include an estimate of
capital and recurring costs and should identify the
party(ies) responsible for implementation. The
Consultant should assist municipalities, if required, to
revise the disaster management and emergency
response plan for the area. The Consultant should
assist municipalities to propose options for
compensation to affected parties for impacts which
cannot be mitigated especially those being displaced as
a result of the proposed development. The complete set
of recommended measures - in the management plan
(EMP) - should also be presented in a summary table.
Allocation of institutional responsibilities should be
clearly specified, including capacity building needs.
Where possible, mitigation measures that will be the
responsibility of the construction contractor or
equipment supplier, should be included as contract
clauses in the respective tender/bid documents. The
O&M phase mitigation measures should be
incorporated in the relevant legal documents. In
addition, the government agency responsible for
implementation and supervision should be identified.
(ii)
Monitoring Plan. The Consultant should assist
municipalities to specify the types of monitoring
needed for measuring potential environmental and
social impacts during construction and operation
phases. As part of the on-going work of the PCP, the
Consultant should assist municipalities to include
opportunities for community monitoring by
stakeholders. As in the case of the mitigation plan,
requirements should be specific as to what is to be
monitored, how and by whom (with clear delineation of
responsibilities between the Proponent/Operator,
Community Groups, an regional offices of the DE Cost
estimates are necessary and where monitoring reports
are to be prepared, the recipient responsible for review
and any corrective action should be identified.
(g)
Task 7 - Resettlement Action Plan
The objective is to
minimise or reduce project affected people. If the project
affected or displaced people exceed 200, then the Consultant
should assist municipalities to prepare a detailed Resettlement
and Rehabilitation Action Plan as per World Bank OD 4.3. If
the proposed site/facility is likely to impact tribal people, then
an IPDP should be prepared as per OD 4.2.
11. Report.
The EIA Report should be concise and limited to significant
environmental issues and should be prepared according to the format of DE
and World Bank. The report should have chapter headings reflecting the
above tasks.
VI
FEASIBILITY STUDY
12. The scope of work for conducting the feasibility study and preparing
the report is described in the following paragraphs.
13. Task 1 - Site Investigation The Consultant should assist
municipalities to conduct additional site monitoring, geotechnical
investigations and other necessary technical studies to verify feasibility and
safety of the site (identified through the screening exercise), facility design
and site access options by taking into account the general principles of
minimising health risks, maximising community (including NGOs)
acceptability and minimising environmental impacts (linked to EIA study),
and maximising economy, efficiency and effectiveness; and establish the basis
for detailed landfill specifications. The work described below should be done
as part of or in conjunction with the baseline survey in task 3 of the EIA study:
(a)
on-site geological mapping of the proposed site and review of
all sub-surface data to precisely determine the geomorphology,
hydrogeology, {if required - stratigraphy and other geological
characteristics to include the porosity and permeability and
other physical and chemical characteristics of each material
encountered};
(b)
appropriate numbers of core borings of not less than {to be
determined by DE} meters in depth should be accomplished in
appropriate locations around the selection site. If clay is
anticipated to be used as in-situ membrane, precaution shall be
taken to cover sampling holes in the proposed disposal area
with bentonite;
(c)
piezometric monitoring in specific {to be determined by DE}
percent of the boreholes at various depths to assess
groundwater regime;
14.
(d)
setting up a system for monitoring of groundwater and surface
water quality for {appropriate time frame to be determined by
DE} to establish baseline conditions;
(e)
determination of composition and verification of availability of
materials for landfill lining; and
(f)
local hydrogeology, local meteorology;
Task 2 - Site Layout, Access and Acquisition
(a)
developing a conceptual site layout of the storage, treatment
and disposal facilities (including land occupied, floor area,
plant layout, transportation, storage, power supply, water
supply, and sewage system);
(b)
designing a suitable site access system; and
(c)
preparing for site acquisition based on the findings of the EIA.
15. Task 3 - Sanitary Landfill Design and SpecificationsThe Consultant
should assist municipalities to establish the facility life, basic design,
construction and operation specifications for the landfill including taking into
account the findings emerging from the EA study, which will include:
(a)
developing a comprehensive grading plan showing sequence
of cell development over time, including the necessary
earthwork to accomplish this. This should also include cell
closure and post-closure restoration;
(b)
designing a leachate collection system, together with a method
for determining the effectiveness of this system so as to ensure
that the landfill will be functioning properly;
(c)
preparing a drainage plan showing bottom drainage for each
cell, surface water drainage, and interceptor drains based on
estimated leachate generation and runoff quantities;
(d)
designing systems for disposal of leachate water and rain
water, including likely drop inlets, piping, holding tanks, and
connection to the treatment system within the main facility
area;
(e)
designing a suitable lining system;
(f)
selecting construction techniques and materials;
16.
(g)
determining waste placement and cover methods to minimise
stability problems, and to reduce infiltration of both surface
water and groundwater; and;
(h)
designing monitoring well systems.
Task 4 - Support Facility Specifications This will include:
(a)
preparing the conceptual/preliminary design and performance
specifications for all necessary support facilities such as
maintenance building, unloading and storage facilities, etc.;
(b)
determine the requirements of on-site wastes recovery, loading
and storing facilities, and any necessary treatment and disposal
facilities for special wastes; and preparing an equipment list
and related technical and performance specifications; and
(c)
providing details on appropriate analytical methods,
instruments and on-site laboratory facilities, preparing an
equipment list and performance specifications in this respect.
17. Task 5 - Transportation System Specifications The Consultant should
assist municipalities to identify and assess possible and realistic means of
waste transportation between the waste catchment, transfer stations (if
required) and landfill. Prepare performance specifications for transportation
equipment (including vehicles, containers and emergency response
equipment) and road infrastructure within and adjacent to the site.
18. Task 6 - Transfer Station
Wherever determined necessary the
consultant should assist municipalities to prepare up to preliminary
engineering stage the design of a transfer station. This should take into
account the optimum distance between the landfill and waste catchment,
acceptable site (from site selection exercise), environmental protection
measures, loading and unloading bays, traffic congestion and approach roads
etc.
19. Task 7 - Financial and Economic Analysis
The Consultant should
assist municipalities to carry out the detailed financial and economic analysis
for the proposed facilities, which should include the following major aspects:
(a)
preparing total capital cost estimates (with local and foreign
exchange breakdown);
(b)
developing the future operating entity’s financial structure,
financial and operating strategy, and projecting its financial
performance;
(c)
providing cost estimates for facilities operations and
maintenance, and identifying any likely cash shortfalls;
(d)
conducting break-even and sensitivity analysis;
(e)
identifying potential sources and methods of funding various
costs including short and long-term; preparing the financing
plan and developing the commercial package; and
(f)
calculating rate of return under the various revenue
assumptions and financing scenarios.
20. Task 8 - Arrangements for Ownership and Operation The Consultant
should assist in developing the details of the ownership and operation for
the facility. This task includes but not limited to:
(a)
assess how the municipalities participating in a facility will be
organised, and what functions will they perform;
(b)
assess various possible alternatives for the ownership and/or
operation of the facility -- public-private, BOO, BOT, management
contract or any other model. Review the experiences of private
sector participation in the Landfill in x;
(c)
recommend the most suitable model. If private sector mode,
clearly establish the process rules for the selection of the operator
for the facility;
(d)
delineate the respective authorities, responsibilities and
liabilities of the participating municipalities, facility owner,
facility operator and contractors and financial institutions;
(e)
drawing up the terms and conditions of the necessary legal
agreements;
(f)
preparing a conceptual organisational structure, plan and
staffing at the municipality;
(g)
define procedure for and programs for:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
cost recovery and setting user charge or fee;
random sampling and analysis of waste streams to
ensure that toxics are screened out; and
findings of the EIA study - emergency preparedness,
environmental monitoring and reporting, plant audit,
occupational health and safety, decommissioning and
closures, and post-closure monitoring; and
(h) assess different possibilities for setting up after care funds
21. Task 9 - Financial Capability of municipalities.
The objective of this
task it to assess the financial status of each of the participating municipalities
and their ability to participate in a centralised facility. The following should
be covered
(a) an analysis of the historical financial performance for the municipality;
(b)
population and business growth;
(c)
assembly of historical financial statements for three prior years;
(d)
presentation of findings of historical financial performance of the
municipality focusing on property tax assessment levels, collections
performance, compliance with business taxes and other measures of
municipality performance;
(e)
development of comprehensive long-term financial projection and plan
for each municipality for solid waste management, determining their
share of the capital and O&M costs for the proposed facility.
22. Task 10 - Compiling the Feasibility Report
At the conclusion of the
study, the Consultant should assist municipalities to prepare a draft report.
Each task should be discussed as a separate chapter in the report. The draft
report will be reviewed by the DE, Government Financial Institution, which
was selected as financial manager of the Project, and the World Bank. Based
on comments received, the report will be finalised.
23. Task 11 - Preparing ToR for Next Stage Based on the final report, the
consultant will draft the ToR for the detailed engineering design phase of
landfill construction.
VII. CLOSURE AND RESTORATION OF EXISTING DUMPSITES
24. Currently, municipal waste is disposed in open dumps creating
numerous environmental and health problems. For the participating
municipalities it is important that they have a sound plan for closing and
restoring these dumpsites. The consultant will assist each of the
municipalities (only those participating in a centralised facility) to prepare a
closure and restoration plan. The activities include:
(a)
prepare a topo sheet of the dumpsite and identify the adjoining landuse;
(b)
undertake investigations to determine the properties and characteristics
of the waste material dumped or buried in a selected location. This
should include any chemical analysis required to determine the
presence of toxic substances;
(c)
examine the status of bio-degradation of organic material and the
generation of methane;
(d)
assess the extent of leachate from the dumpsite to adjoining ground
water and surface water courses. Identify the level of contamination in
any drinking water wells;
(e)
assess the probability of future impacts to ground and surface water
from the dumpsites; and
(f)
prepare a closure, mitigation and restoration plan, including conceptual
engineering design and ToR for future work.
VIII. STUDY ORGANIZATION
25.
Consultant Team
The composition of the team should include:
(a)
the team leader for this technical assistance should have 10-15
years experience in designing sanitary landfills and leading a
multi-disciplinary team of professionals. In addition, the team
leader should have good project management skills. He also
should have a good understanding of environmental
assessment and public consultation.
(b)
The members of the team should have expertise in:
geotechnical engineering and geology (site investigations);
chemical engineering, civil and environmental engineering
(process engineering, project design, pollution control and
environmental monitoring and quality); landuse planning
(landuse and topography), biology (fauna, flora, water and air
quality), chemistry (waste analysis and environmental
monitoring), hydrogeology and hydrology (surface and ground
water, leachate control), sociology (socio-economic survey,
community participation), economics, financial analysis
(costing), legal (contract and agreements), institutional
specialist (organisation and systems);.
(c)
The consultant team should include a reputable NGO group to
undertake the PCP. This NGO should have links to
community based organisations.
(d)
It is unlikely that a single firm will be able to provide all the
expertise required; it may therefore have to collaborate with
other firms. Preferably with local firms.
IX - TIMING AND OUTPUTS
26. The entire assignment should be completed in a period of 8 months.
The consultant should concurrently work on the different facilities. The
ultimate objective of the assignment is for the consultant to assist preparing
Investment Reports for each of the facilities. Each report should consist of (i)
waste collection and characterisation; (ii) site selection; (iii) environmental
impact assessment including the process of public consultation; (iv) feasibility
study; and (v) closure and restoration plan for existing dumpsite. The
following is provided as a guidance in terms of timing:
(a)
an inception report at the first month after commencement of the
assignment (10 copies);
(b)
draft EIA report for each facility at the end of the five month. (3 copies)
(c)
draft project-wide EIA report (as explained in para 2) at the end of the
five month (3 copies);
(d)
draft feasibility report for each facility at the end of the six month (3
copies) including closure and restoration plan;
(e)
Investment Report for each facility at the end of the seven month (10
copies each); and
(f)
final version of the Project-wide EIA report at the end of the eight
month as explained in para. 2.
Annex 4C.4
Terms of Reference for an
Environmental Impact
Assessment
1
TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
The following annex provides an example, based on a specific project brief, of a
set of Terms of Reference (ToR) which may be used when specifying services
required from consultants for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of a waste
facility.
1.1
PURPOSE
The Government of X/State Government/X Company (and the World Bank)
require the preparation of an Environmental Impact Assessment prior to the
construction of the treatment and disposal facility. Attachment 1 describes the
legal requirements and the EIA process to be followed. This Terms of Reference
(ToR) defines the scope of work which the Consultant should undertake in
compiling the EIA report. Public consultation is an integral part of the EIA
process, and guidance is provided below.
1.2
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
The Consultant should undertake surveys, conduct studies, assist the [Client
Name] in consultations with the community and compile the EIA report. The
EIA should cover all likely construction, operation, restoration and aftercare
activities and will include, but not to be limited to, an assessment of the
environmental and social impacts relating to the:
(a)
physical and geographical suitability and public acceptability of the
proposed facility and haulage routes;
(b)
land acquisition and displacement of people;
(c)
waste transfer, re-processing, treatment and/or disposal technologies to be
employed;
(d)pollution abatement options to be employed;
(e)
management control and operational practices to be employed;
(f)
potential for accidents and failures to be foreseen and mitigated; and
(g)
monitoring, long term restoration and aftercare at landfills.
1.3
STUDY AREA
The study area for the feasibility study will be [insert area].
1.4
PUBLIC CONSULTATION
A credible Public Consultation Process (PCP) is crucial to the successful
completion of the assignment and preparing an acceptable Environmental
Management Plan (EMP) and Resettlement Action Plan if required. The PCP
should continue through project implementation and facility operation.
The Consultant should assist the [Client name] to:
(a)
identify and convene the key stakeholders;
(b)
prepare and disseminate information in relation to the project;
(c)
establish mechanisms and conduits for consulting communities and
representative groups;
(d)keep records of information and consultation; and
(e)
1.5
propose a strategy for continuing community and NGO monitoring during
facility construction and operation.
SCOPE OF WORK
The specific responsibilities of the Consultant are given below.
(a)
Task 1 Project Description
The Consultant should provide a description of the scope and physical
characteristics of the proposed facility. This will include information on the
integrated system -- [insert details of waste management facility] -- to be
studied, unit processes to be operated, handling and haulage methods to be
employed and types and quantities of waste to be processed, phased
approach of facility development; possible future decommissioning and
closure and restoration of landfill;
(b)
Task 2 - Project Alternatives
The Consultant should make a systematic comparison of alternatives taking
into account environmental and social factors.
(i) Sites - The Consultant should review the site selection exercise and
process adopted by the pre-feasibility studies and conclude with reasons for
selecting the most suitable site.
(ii) Routes - The Consultant should compare the different haulage routes for
hauling the waste from the generators to the site.
(iii) Technologies - review the comparison for alternate methods of treatment
and disposal presented in the pre-feasibility studies. The basis for the
selection of the recommended option for the project design must be stated.
(iv) No Action - Include the alternative of not constructing the project, in
order to demonstrate environmental conditions without it.
(c)
Task 3 - Existing Environment and Baseline Data Collection
The Consultant will define the study area taking into account the probable
regions of influence of the project and collect data on relevant physical,
biological and socio-economic conditions. Data collection shall draw upon
existing, available information from state agencies, research organisations,
public, third party and the pre-feasibility studies supplemented as
necessary by a field investigation and monitoring program. Data should be
collected in the following areas:
• physical - geology, topography, soils, climate and meteorology, ambient
air quality, surface and groundwater hydrology, existing water quality
status, existing sources of air emissions;
• biological - an inventory of flora and fauna, sensitive habitats and
endangered species, and forest lands;
• socio-economic conditions - human factors: population, community
structures, employment, distribution of income, goods and services,
recreation, public health, presence of tribal groups, their customs,
aspirations and attitudes. Land features: land ownership, land-use and
zoning, proximity of site to residential and economic locations and
archaeological and historical properties, planned development activities,
transport access and availability of utilities and services.
(d)
Task 4 - Assessment of Potential Impacts
The Consultant shall identify positive and negative impacts likely to result
from the proposed project, interpreting “environmental” throughout the EIA
study to include socio-economic impacts as well as impacts on the natural
environment. Following this, the Consultant should describe the likely
changes in the prevailing environmental conditions that may be brought
about by establishing the proposed waste management facility. Where
practicable, the size and severity of impacts should be quantified, and
attention should be drawn to specific issues of uncertainty and trade-off
between competing/conflicting impacts. In other areas, a qualitative
assessment should be made of the potential significance of impact. The
extent and quality of available data, key data gaps and uncertainties
associated with predictions should be described. Topics that do not require
further attention should be specified. Any impacts that are irreversible
and/or cannot be avoided or mitigated should be identified.
(e)
Task 5 - Analysis and Evaluation of Risks
The Consultant shall identify the impacts that can translate to potential risks in
the construction and operation phases, and risk analysis performed.
(f)
Task 6 - Formulation of Environmental Management Plan
(i)
Mitigation Plan
For each significant negative impact or major risk, the Consultant
should recommend and describe a measure to avoid or mitigate
(reduce to acceptable levels) or when unavoidable, to compensate for
the damage. In the description, the text should include an estimate of
capital and recurring costs and should identify the party/parties
responsible for implementation. The Consultant should propose
options for compensation to affected parties for impacts which cannot
be mitigated. If the project affected people exceed 200, the consultant
should prepare a separate Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). The
complete set of recommended measures -in the EMP - should also be
presented in a summary table. Allocation of institutional
responsibilities should be clearly specified.
(ii)
Management Plan
The consultant shall prepare an environmental management plan for
the proposed facility. The environmental management plan shall
identify procedures for the reception, handling and
processing/disposal of waste at the facility. It shall state in clear terms
the environmental management and health safety requirements which
must be adhered to by the operator of the facility. The environmental
management plan shall be written in such a way as to allow it to form a
part of any contract documentation for operation of the facility.
(iii)
Monitoring Plan
The Consultant should specify the types of monitoring needed for
measuring potential environmental and social impacts during
construction, operation, restoration and aftercare phases. As part of the
on-going work of the PCP, the Consultant should include opportunities
for community monitoring by stakeholders. As in the case of the
mitigation plan, requirements should be specific as to what is to be
monitored, how and by whom (with clear delineation of
responsibilities between the Proponent/Operator, Community Groups
and State Agency). Cost estimates are necessary and where monitoring
reports are to be prepared, the recipient responsible for review and any
corrective action should be identified.
1.6
REPORT
The EIA Report should be concise and limited to significant environmental issues.
The format is as follows:
• Executive Summary
• Legal and Administrative Requirements
- purpose of the EIA, EIA preparation process, legal actions required by
government to approve action
• Project Alternatives
- description of proposed project, discussion of reasonable alternatives,
decision making process followed during project definition
• Baseline Environmental Conditions
- description of baseline environmental conditions in the vicinity of the
proposed site
• Assessment of Environmental Impacts
- identification of positive and negative impacts, assessment of significance
(quantitative and qualitative), identification of key issues
• Benefit Cost Analysis
- discuss costs and benefits in qualitative terms, support with quantitative
assessment where appropriate
• Mitigation, Management and Monitoring
- including institutional responsibilities and procedures for reporting and
analysis
• Conclusions and Recommendations
- key conclusions, positive and negative impacts of the proposed facility
- recommendations in relation to acceptability of environmental impacts,
and conditions for project approval and/or reasons for project disapproval
• Appendices
- supporting data, information and surveys
- list of EIA papers and references