REVISED, 10/16/2012
Objectives:
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Describe the structure of an atom and how the models have changed over time. Summarize the development of
atomic theory (Demicrutus, Artistotle, Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr, Shrodinger, plum pudding model, planetary
model, quantum mechanical model)
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Summarize Dalton’s atomic theory and describe how it relates to today’s structure of the atom. (know which
statements are not true today and why)
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Describe the importance of Rutherford’s experiment
Name, locate, and describe the properties of the internal parts of an atom. Know the charge, mass and location of the
protons, electrons, and neutrons.
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.Define isotope, ion, atomic mass, and atomic number.
Use isotopes to calculate average atomic mass.
Use the symbol notation,
A
Z
X , for isotopes.
Be able to calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in neutral atoms as well as ions.
Quantum Mechanics Objectives
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Know and describe the four quantum numbers and what they represent.
Know and describe the four quantum numbers and what each represents.
Illustrates the patterns of filling s, p, d, and f orbitals and its relation to quantum number using orbital filling diagrams
Apply the Aufbau principle, the Pauli Exclusion Principle, and Hund’s Rule in writing the electron configurations of
elements.
Using energy diagram write electron configurations for atoms and ions.
Activities
History of atom timeline
Labs
Rutherford’s Experiment
New Element Challenge
Project Outlines
You may choose one of the following to complete with a partner. You may bring any materials
you wish to use. I will have available: laptops (no printing available), markers, crayons, colored
pencils, glue, colored paper, white paper, white string.
Element Mobile project – The entire universe is composed of about 100 elements. Yet many
people know very little about these building blocks of matter.
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Your challenge is to design and build an element mobile to hang in the classroom that
shows off some features of an element.
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Your mobile must contain the following information about your elements: name, symbol,
atomic number, atomic mass, density, 2 chemical properties, 2 physical properties, 2 uses,
sources of the element, something “WOW” about the element, and the state of the element
at room conditions (solid, liquid or gas).
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Your grade will depend on factors, such as: ease of hanging, sturdiness, spelling, readability
from 1-3 meters away, uniform coverage of all surfaces, and overall impact. Have fun – be
creative and enjoy your element!
Mass Spectrometer Poster – An instrument called a mass spectrometer can be used to
determine the masses and relative abundance of isotopes.
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Find our how this instrument works and make a poster to summarize your findings.
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Your grade will depend on factors, such as: ease of hanging, sturdiness, spelling, readability
from 1-3 meters away, uniform coverage of all surfaces, and overall impact. Have fun – be
creative!
Carbon Dating Report – Carbon-14 dating can give accurate ages of artifacts that are up to
about 40,000 years old.
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Write a 1-2 page report for a 6th grade class on how carbon dating is used in archeology and
how it works. You may want to use information on page 127 and 847 in your text as a
starting point.
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Your grade will depend on factors such as: readability, grammar and spelling, neatness, and
content information.
Poem, song or lyrics about the most abundant elements on earth or in the human body
Presently about 115 different elements are known, 88 of which occur naturally. The rest have
been made in laboratories. Only 9 elements account for most of the compounds found in the
earth’s crust.
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Create a poem, song, or rap lyrics about the top 10 elements found in either the earth’s
crust or the human body. Include some information about the uses of these elements in
either the earth’s crust or the human body.
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Your grade will depend on factors such as: presentation, accuracy of information, and
rhythmical or rhyming components.
Atomic Structure Review
1) List all four points to Dalton’s atomic theory.
2) What part of Dalton’s theory is not valid today?
3) List all three subatomic particles, their location, their charge and their relative mass.
4) Describe Rutherford’s experiment. What did he discover about the atom?
5) What does the atomic number of each atom represent?
6) How many protons, electron, and neutrons are in the following
(a) Hydrogen
(b) Magnesium
(c) Oxygen
(d) Neon
7) Complete the following table:
Symbol of
Name of
Atomic
Mass
Number of
Number of
Number of
Element
Element
Number
Number
Protons
neutrons
Electrons
9
10
14
47
15
25
55
25
8) The four isotopes of lead are shown below, each with its percent abundance and the composition
of its nucleus. Using this data, calculate the approximate atomic mass of lead.
82 P+
122 n0
1.37%
82 P+
124 n0
82 P+
125 n0
82 P+
126 n0
26.26%
20.82%
51.55%
9) Name two ways that isotopes of an element differ.
10) How did Mendeleev arrange the periodic table?
11) How is the modern periodic table arranged?
12)
Give the symbol of each element
A)
Any nonmetal in Group 4A or 14.
B)
The inner transition metal with the lowest atomic number.
C)
All of the nonmetals for which the atomic number is a multiple of five.
D)
The two elements that are liquid at room temperature
E)
Any metal in Group 5A or 15.
F)
The alkali metal with the lowest atomic number.
G)
The halogen with the highest atomic mass.
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Identify the positions of groups/families, periods, metals, nonmetals, and metalloids on the periodic table.
Locate the following families on the periodic table: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, noble gases,
transition metals, and inner transition metals.