>CI:<G6I:96CCJ6AG:EDGI'%&) O;7HI & . , ) Ä ' % & ) 8DCI:CIH ' ) &% &- ') 6Wdjii]^hgZedgi =^hidgnd[<gdje;^kZ DjghigViZ\nVcYhigjXijgZ = dldjghiV`Z]daYZgh^beVXi djghigViZ\n I;9J?ED&' N:6GJC9:GG:K>:L '+ = dldjghigViZ\nVhh^hiZYjhid YZa^kZgV\V^chidjgbViZg^Va^hhjZh +% ; ^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZ -- I;9J?ED&( =DLL:6G:<DK:GC:9! B:6HJG:96C9G:BJC:G6I:9 .% ., &%' &'( &*% 8 dbW^cZYVhhjgVcXZ Djg\gdjebZVhjgZh DjgiZVbÉhbZVhjgZh DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dc I;9J?ED&) HJBB6GN8DCHDA>96I:9 6CCJ6A;>C6C8>6AHI6I:B:CIH &*' 9^gZXidghÉgZhedch^W^a^inhiViZbZci &*( GZedgid[i]Z^cYZeZcYZciVjY^idg &*) H jbbVgnXdchda^YViZYVccjVa [^cVcX^VahiViZbZcih &** <gdje^cXdbZhiViZbZci &*+ <gdjehiViZbZcid[XdbegZ]Zch^kZ^cXdbZ &*+ 9ZiZgb^cVi^dcd[\gdje]ZVYa^cZZVgc^c\h &*, <gdjehiViZbZcid[[^cVcX^Vaedh^i^dc &*- <gdjehiViZbZcid[XVh][adl &*- <gdjeXVe^iVaZmeZcY^ijgZVcYYZegZX^Vi^dc &*. <gdjehiViZbZcid[X]Vc\Zh^cZfj^in &+& <gdjehZ\bZciVaVcVanh^h &+) <gdjehiVi^hi^Xh &+) :hi^bViZhVcYXdci^c\ZcX^Zh &+* 9^k^YZcYYZXaVgVi^dc &++ 6cVanh^hd[h]VgZ]daYZgh &+. Cdi^XZd[i]ZVccjVa\ZcZgVabZZi^c\ &,* ;dgbd[egdmn L^i]gddihYVi^c\WVX`id&-,-!<gdje;^kZlVhXgZViZY[gdbi]Z VbVa\VbVi^dcd[[^kZaZVY^c\Hdji]6[g^XVcXdchigjXi^dcXdbeVc^Zh^c i]Z&.,%hVcYa^hiZYdci]Z?d]VccZhWjg\HidX`:mX]Vc\Z^c&.,)# I]^hnZVg!<gdje;^kZXZaZWgViZh^ih )%i]nZVgVhVa^hiZYXdbeVcn# I]^h^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgidjia^cZhdjg]^hidgnVcYbVehdjii]Z \gdjeÉhhigViZ\nVcY[jijgZ[dXjh# :kh_d]j^[o[Wh"j^[cW`eh_joe\j^[]hekfÊi=Wkj[d]#XWi[ZXki_d[ii[icel[Z _djeWd[m_dj[]hWj[ZY[djhWbe\\_Y[$H[\[hjefW]['(&$ & 7Xekjj^_ih[fehj G:EDGI6EEGD68= I]^h^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgiXdkZghi]Z VXi^k^i^Zhd[<gdje;^kZ[dgi]Z&'bdci]h id(%?jcZ'%&)!djg)%i]nZVgVhVa^hiZY Zci^in#LZgZbV^cdcZd[i]Z[ZlXdbeVc^Zh dci]Z?H:A^b^iZYidejWa^h]djg ^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgidci]ZhVbZYVn VhdjggZhjaihVgZgZaZVhZY!l]^X]^hl^i]^c )*YVnhd[i]Z\gdjeÉhnZVg"ZcY#I]ZWdVgY d[Y^gZXidghVeegdkZYi]^hgZedgidc *6j\jhi'%&)# I]Z^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgidcXZV\V^cV^bhidegdk^YZXdcX^hZ! gZaZkVciVcYgZa^VWaZ^c[dgbVi^dc#6hjeeaZbZciVgnhZXi^dcd[i]Z ^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgil]^X]ZmeVcYhdci]Z\gdjeÉh^hhjZhVcY ^cY^k^YjVahiV`Z]daYZggZfj^gZbZcih^hVkV^aVWaZdci]Z\gdjeÉh lZWh^iZlll#\gdje[^kZ#Xd#oV# H8DE:6C97DJC96GN I]Z\gdjeÉhWjh^cZhhZhdeZgViZ^cHdji]6[g^XV!i]ZgZhid[6[g^XV VcY:jgdeZ# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) I]Z^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi]VhWZZcXdbe^aZYl]^aZ Xdch^YZg^c\i]ZgZXdbbZcYVi^dchd[i]ZcZl<adWVaGZedgi^c\ >c^i^Vi^kZ<G><)!i]Z@^c\>>>GZedgidc8dgedgViZ<dkZgcVcXZ @^c\>>>[dgHdji]6[g^XVcgZedgih!VhlZaaVhi]ZcZl >ciZgcVi^dcVa>ciZ\gViZYGZedgi^c\8djcX^a#LZ]VkZYdXjbZciZY djgVhhZhhbZcid[i]Z,*@^c\>>>eg^cX^eaZh^cVgZ\^hiZg# 6ai]dj\]lZVgZcdi^cVedh^i^dcid[jaangZedgiV\V^chi<)nZi! lZdjia^cZVgZhedchZiVWaZidXZgiV^cd[i]ZcZlgZaZkVci<G> ^cY^XVidgh#7di]i]ZhZXVcWZ[djcYdcdjglZWh^iZ# ' I]Zeg^ciZYhZXi^dcd[i]Z^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi^cXajYZh hjbbVg^hZYVjY^iZYXdchda^YViZYVccjVa[^cVcX^VahiViZbZcih [gdbeV\Z&*'!l]^X]lZgZZmigVXiZY[gdbi]ZVjY^iZY Xdchda^YViZYVccjVa[^cVcX^VahiViZbZcih#I]ZXdbeaZiZhZi d[i]ZhZ[^cVcX^VahiViZbZcih^hVkV^aVWaZdcdjglZWh^iZ# I]Z[^cVcX^VahiViZbZcihXdbeanl^i]>ciZgcVi^dcVa;^cVcX^Va GZedgi^c\HiVcYVgYh>;GH!?H:A^hi^c\hGZfj^gZbZcihVcY i]ZHdji]6[g^XVc8dbeVc^Zh6Xi# 6EEGDK6AH I]ZVjY^iXdbb^iiZZ^hgZhedch^WaZ[dgdkZghZZ^c\i]ZXdciZci d[i]^hgZedgiVcYgZXdbbZcYZYi]ZgZedgiidi]ZWdVgY[dg ^ihVeegdkVa# Djg^cYZeZcYZciVjY^idgh!Eg^XZlViZg]djhZ8ddeZgh>cX#! ^hhjZYVcVjY^ide^c^dcdci]ZXdchda^YViZYVccjVa[^cVcX^Va hiViZbZcihVcYdci]ZhjbbVg^hZYXdchda^YViZYVccjVa [^cVcX^VahiViZbZcih#I]ZjcbdY^[^ZYVjY^ide^c^dcdci]Z \gdjeÉhXdchda^YViZYVccjVa[^cVcX^VahiViZbZcih^h^cXdgedgViZY ^ci]ZXdchda^YViZYVccjVa[^cVcX^VahiViZbZcih#I]ZVjY^i de^c^dcdci]ZhjbbVg^hZYXdchda^YViZYVccjVa[^cVcX^Va hiViZbZcihXVcWZ[djcYdceV\Z&*(d[i]^h^ciZ\gViZYVccjVa gZedgi#GZ[ZgZcXZhid[jijgZ[^cVcX^VaeZg[dgbVcXZ^ci]Z ^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi]VkZcdiWZZcgZk^ZlZYdggZedgiZY dcWndjgVjY^idgh# I]Z\gdjeVahdVhhjgZhVcjbWZgd[cdc"[^cVcX^VabZVhjgZh#I]^h nZVg!lZXdbb^hh^dcZYildVYY^i^dcVabZVhjgZh[dgVhhjgVcXZÄ i]Vid[i]Z\gdjeÉhadhi"i^bZ^c_jgn[gZfjZcXngViZAI>;G[dg eZgbVcZciZbeadnZZh^cHdji]6[g^XVVcYi]ZgZhid[6[g^XVVcY i]ZhZXjgZYDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd`#GZ[Zgid eV\Zh.'id.,[dgdjgVhhjgVcXZ^c[dgbVi^dc# LZlZaXdbZ[ZZYWVX`dcdjg^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi# EaZVhZXdciVXijhVi^c[d@\gdje[^kZ#Xd#oVdg ',&%%+%&**,# mmm @^c\>>>VcY<G>^c[dgbVi^dc^hXdciV^cZY^ci]Z hjeeaZbZciVgnhZXi^dcd[i]Z^ciZ\gViZYVccjVa gZedgiVilll#\gdje[^kZ#Xd#oV# =DLIDG:69DJG>CI:<G6I:9 6CCJ6AG:EDGI/ I]^h^Xdc^cY^XViZhl]ZgZgZVYZghXVc [^cYgZaViZY^c[dgbVi^dcdcV eVgi^XjaVgide^X^cdjgeg^ciZYhZXi^dc d[i]Z^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi# mmm I]^h^Xdc^cY^XViZhl]ZgZgZVYZgh XVc[^cYVYY^i^dcVa^c[dgbVi^dc dci]Z\gdjeÉhlZWh^iZ mmm$]hekf\_l[$Ye$pW# 97I; I]Z^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgiXdciV^ch IJK:O XVhZhijY^Zhl]^X]YZbdchigViZ YZa^kZgndc`ZnhigViZ\^X^hhjZh# =DLL:E:G;DGB:9/ GZkZcjZ DeZgVi^c\egd[^i 8Vh] je(.id je''id jcX]Vc\ZYVi H'+")X_bb_ed H,*,".c_bb_ed H("/X_bb_ed CZiVhhZikVajZ :Vgc^c\heZgh]VgZ IdiVaY^k^YZcYheZgh]VgZ je'%id je*'id je).id H(+"//eZgh]VgZ *&'Y[djieZgh]VgZ '&&Y[djieZgh]VgZ ;gdbXdci^cj^c\deZgVi^dch# L=:G:G:69:GH86C;>C9 >C;DGB6I>DCDC/ ' & ( &#8]V^geZghdcÉhhiViZbZcih '#8:DÉhhiViZbZcih (#8;DÉhhiViZbZcih E]^a^h^lZBi]Zi]lV B^`ZJeidc 8g^hi^cV;gZ^iVhIZ^mZ^gV 9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!lZ]VYV eVgi^XjaVg[dXjhdcXa^Zci gZaVi^dch]^eh^ci]ZYZa^kZgn d[^cXgZVh^c\anaVg\ZVcY XdbeaZmXdcigVXihVcY^c VYYgZhh^c\ejWa^XhZXidg Xa^ZciXdcXZgch[daadl^c\ i]Z8dbeZi^i^dc8dbb^hh^dc [^cY^c\hl^i]gZ\VgYhidi]Z XdchigjXi^dchZXidgÉheVhi Vci^"XdbeZi^i^kZegVXi^XZh ^cHdji]6[g^XV#:beadnZZh lZgZVahdVeg^dg^inYjZid i]ZYg^kZidgZiV^cVcYViigVXi iVaZciVcYZchjgZY^kZgh^in ^cdjgldg`[dgXZ!VhlZaaVh XdcXZgchdkZgkdaVi^aZaVWdjg gZaVi^dch^cHdji]6[g^XV# I]Z\gdje[VXZYi]Z Xdci^cjVi^dcd[VbdgZ Y^[[^XjaideZgVi^c\ Zck^gdcbZcii]VcZmeZXiZY YjZidi]Z^ciZch^ind[ hZkZgVaZmiZgcVaVcY^ciZgcVa XdcY^i^dch#I]ZhZ[VXidgh gZfj^gZYi]ZZmZXji^kZiZVb idgZ"eg^dg^i^hZgZhdjgXZh eg^bVg^anidlVgYhVYYgZhh^c\ i]gZZ^ciZg"a^c`ZYbViZg^Va ^hhjZh!l]^ahibV^ciV^c^c\ igVXi^dcidlVgYh^ihadc\ iZgbhigViZ\^XdW_ZXi^kZh VcYVX]^Zk^c\VXdbeZi^i^kZ eZg[dgbVcXZ# 6\V^chiidj\]bVg`Zi XdcY^i^dch!i]Z\gdjeÉh higViZ\^Xedh^i^dc^c\VcY Wjh^cZhhbdYZaYZa^kZgZY VWgdVYZg^c[gVhigjXijgZ d[[Zg^c\!l]^X]Xdcig^WjiZY idi]Zhda^YeZg[dgbVcXZ# &- '+ LZVgZi]ZgZ[dgZeaZVhZY idgZedgi^begdkZYgZhjaih! l^i]^cXgZVhZYgZkZcjZ! deZgVi^c\egd[^iVcYZVgc^c\h dkZgi]ZXdbeVgVWaZ gZedgi^c\eZg^dY# +% ( >_ijehoe\=hekf<_l[ <gdje;^kZlVhXgZViZY [gdbi]ZVbVa\VbVi^dcd[ \_l[ YecfWd_[i$ <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) & ) ' ( ) * YBWh[d C ;][h 9C=C F[j[h9be]] 9edijhkYj_ed 8Wi_bH[WZ C=9 ;d]_d[[h_d] ;dgbZY^c&.'-Wn Zc\^cZZgh?LÆBVXÇ BXAVgZcVcY;dgY:\Zg ^c8VeZIdlc# ;dgbZY^c&.),Wn Bdg\Vc!<jcc^c\VcY B^iX]Zaa!i]gZZndjc\ Zc\^cZZghl]daZ[i GdWZgih8dchigjXi^dc idZhiVWa^h]i]Z^gdlc XdbeVcn# ;dgbZY^c&.+.Wn Zc\^cZZgEZiZg8ad\\! hjeedgiZYWnB^`Z Ajeidc"Hb^i]VcY 9g^ZhEg^chadd# ;dgbZY^c&.*'Wn 7Vh^aGZVY!VX^k^a Zc\^cZZg# Dg^\^cViZY^c&.,&Vh VXdchdgi^jb Xdbeg^h^c\EZiZg8ad\\ 8dchigjXi^dc!B<B VcY<^aaZhBVhdc 8dchigjXi^dc#I]^h Zci^inlVhZhiVWa^h]ZY heZX^[^XVaanidiZcYZg[dg i]Z>hXdgCd(hbZaiZg XdcigVXi# B<8:c\^cZZg^c\lVhVlVgYZYi]Z>hXdgCd( hbZaiZgViCZlXVhiaZ^c&.,&#I]^hlVhi]ZaVg\Zhi ^cYjhig^VaXdchigjXi^dcXdcigVXi^cHdji]6[g^XVVi i]Zi^bZ#;daadl^c\i]ZVlVgY!i]ZaZVYZghd[i]Z [^kZeVgi^X^eVi^c\XdbeVc^Zh[dgbZY<gdje;^kZ :c\^cZZg^c\VcYa^hiZY^idci]Z?d]VccZhWjg\ HidX`:mX]Vc\Z^c&.,)# 6CJB7:GD;8GJ8>6A 8DGEDG6I:IG6CH68I>DCH ;DAADL:9DK:GI=: N:6GH!L=>8=;JGI=:G 699:9IDI=:HIGDC< A>C:6<:D;8DBE6C>:H I=6IL:G:>C8DGEDG6I:9 >CID<GDJE;>K:# IWlW][Bel[ceh[ ;dgbZYWn6cYgZlHVkV\ZVcY9Vk^YAdkZbdgZV[iZgi]ZHZXdcYLdgaY LVg^cEdgi:a^oVWZi]#>iVXfj^gZY;dlaZg8dchigjXi^dcVcY8dbWg^c` 8dchigjXi^dcVcYG=Bdgg^h!l]dhZdg^\^chXVcWZigVXZYWVX`id&-,-# I]^h\gdjelVhi]ZdaYZhiWj^aY^c\XdbeVcn^cHdji]6[g^XVVii]Zi^bZ# :Whb_d]WdZ>eZ]ied:> ;dgbZYWnHVcYn9Vga^c\VcY7^aa=dY\hdc^c&.()#9=VXfj^gZY HVkV\ZAdkZbdgZVcYV(%h]VgZ]daY^c\^c<gdje;^kZ^c&.-' VcYlVh^cXdgedgViZY^cidi]Z\gdje^c&.-)# =ebZij[_d8k_bZ_d] BZg\ZYl^i]<gdje;^kZ^c&.-.# * BVcn^Xdc^X^c[gVhigjXijgZ YedjhWYji + :ciZghi]ZB^YYaZ:Vhi 6cd[[^XZlVhdeZcZY^c9jWV^^c'%%) VcYVeVgicZgh]^eV\gZZbZciZhiVWa^h]ZY l^i]adXVaJ6:XdcigVXidg6aCVWddYV]# 7ni]ZZcYd['%%*i]Z\gdje]VYhZXjgZY XdcigVXihd[bdgZi]VcG&W^aa^dc^c9jWV^! ^cXajY^c\ldg`h[dgi]Z9ZeVgibZcid[ 8^k^a6k^Vi^dcidXdchigjXii]Z^gV^gedgi XVg\diZgb^cVah# ;^ghiXdcigVXidgidXdbeaZiZV )"HiVg\gZZc"gViZYWj^aY^c\ ;^ghiZfj^in^ckZhibZci^cV XdcXZhh^dchXdcigVXi '%%% &... &..- &.., &..+ &..* &..) &..( &..& &..% &.-. &.-- &.-, &.-+ &.-* &.-) &.-( &.-' &.-& &..' I]Z\gdjelVhVlVgYZYE]VhZ>>d[CZYWVc`Éh )*%%%b'^ciZ\gViZYXZcigVad[[^XZl]^X]lVh XZgi^[^ZYVhi]Z[^ghi)"HiVg\gZZc"gViZYWj^aY^c\ ^cHdji]6[g^XV#I]ZXdcigVXiXdbbZcXZY^c 6j\jhi'%%-VcYlVhXdbeaZiZY^cBVgX]'%&%# >c&..*i]Z\gdje^ckZhiZYZfj^in^ci]Z[^ghi ejWa^Xeg^kViZeVgicZgh]^ebdidglVnegd_ZXi ^c=jc\Vgn!i]ZB*bdidglVn!l]^X]lVh VahddcZd[i]Z[^ghibdidglVnh^c:VhiZgc :jgdeZ#IldVYY^i^dcVae]VhZhlZgZVYYZY V[iZgE]VhZ>VcYVai]dj\]i]Z\gdje Y^hedhZYd[^ih^ckZhibZci^c'%%.!djg Wjh^cZhh>ciZgidaa]VhgZbV^cZYi]Z deZgVidgh^cXZ&..*# &.-% &.,. &.,- I]Z\gdjelVhVlVgYZYVeZigdX]Zb^XVa gZ[^cZgnbV^ciZcVcXZXdcigVXi[dg:c\ZcGZ[^cZgn ^c_d^cikZcijgZl^i]7gdlcGddiJH6^c &..,#I]^hXdcigVXiZhiVWa^h]ZYi]Z\gdjeÉh ZmeZgi^hZ^c^cYjhig^VaeaVcibV^ciZcVcXZ! l^i])*%bV^ciZcVcXZZbeadnZZhdch^iZ# &.,, >c&.,*i]Z\gdjelVh VlVgYZYVXdcigVXi^c AZhdi]didXdchigjXi i]Z[djcYVi^dcd[V igZVibZcieaVciVii]Z AZihZc\9^VbdcYb^cZ# 8dchigjXi^dcidd`eaVXZ VidkZgi]gZZ`^adbZigZh VWdkZhZVaZkZa^ci]Z AZhdi]dBdjciV^ch# :beadnZZhldg`^c\dc i]Zh^iZZcYjgZYadc\ eZg^dYhd[WZadloZgd iZbeZgVijgZhVcYhcdl idhjXXZhh[jaanXdbeaZiZ i]Zldg`h^c&.,+# &.,+ ;^ghi^cYjhig^VadeZgVi^dchVcY bV^ciZcVcXZXdcigVXi &.,* ;^ghiXdchigjXi^dc XdcigVXidkZg"WdgYZg &.,) <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) ]VkZWZZcYZa^kZgZYWn<gdje;^kZdkZgi]Z nZVgh#HdbZ[^ghih[dgi]Z\gdje^cXajYZ/ ;^ghiVcYaVg\Zhiijgc`Zn Zc\^cZZg!egdXjgZVcY XdchigjXi:E8XdcigVXi ;^ghih^\c^[^XVci ^cYZeZcYZciedlZg egdYjXZgXdcigVXi ;^ghigZcZlVWaZ ZcZg\nXdcigVXi ^cHdji]6[g^XV I]ZYZh^\cVcYXdchigjXi^dcd[V ldgaY"XaVhh^ciZgcVi^dcVaV^gedgi! @^c\H]V`V>ciZgcVi^dcVa6^gedgi ^c@lVOjaj"CViVa!lVhYZa^kZgZY dci^bZV]ZVYd[i]Z'%&%;>;6 HdXXZgLdgaY8je# >7DBC^\Zg^VlVhVbjai^" Y^hX^ea^cVgn:E8XdcigVXi[dgi]Z YZh^\c!hjeean!XdchigjXi^dcVcY eZg[dgbVcXZiZhi^c\d[V&-%BL deZcXnXaZ\Vh"[^gZYedlZgeaVci ^c6`lV>WdbHiViZ!C^\Zg^V# Ildl^cYVcYildhdaVg XdcigVXihlZgZjcYZgiV`Zc ^c;'%&)VheVgid[i]Z GZcZlVWaZ:cZg\n >cYZeZcYZciEdlZgEgdYjXZg EgdXjgZbZciEgd\gVbbZ L^cYdl&VcY'# AVg\ZhiXdcigVXiZmZXjiZY HjXXZhh[jaYZa^kZgnd[VcjbWZgd[;>;6'%&% HdXXZgLdgaY8jeXdcigVXih '%&) '%&( '%&' '%&& '%&% '%%- '%%, '%%+ '%%* '%%) '%%( '%%' '%%& I]Z\gdjehjXXZhh[jaanYZa^kZgZYi]ZBdhZhBVW]^YVhdXXZg hiVY^jb^c@lVOjaj"CViVa#>cVYY^i^dc!i]Z\gdjelVhVlVgYZY ildgdVY^begdkZbZcieVX`V\Zh!EVX`V\Zh6VcY:!VheVgid[ i]Z<VjiZc\;gZZlVn>begdkZbZciEgd_ZXiEgd\gVbbZ^c egZeVgVi^dc[dgi]Z'%&%;>;6HdXXZgLdgaY8je# '%%. IgVchcZiÉhCZlBjai^"EgdYjXiE^eZa^cZVcYiZgb^cVa ^c[gVhigjXijgZXdbeVgZh^chXVaZVcYXdbeaZm^inl^i] hdbZd[i]ZaVg\Zhie^eZa^cZXdcigVXih^ci]ZldgaY# I]^hXdcigVXi^ckdakZhi]ZXdchigjXi^dcd[VcVi^dcVaan higViZ\^XcZl,%%`^adbZigZe^eZa^cZVcYVhhdX^ViZY ^c[gVhigjXijgZYZh^\cZYidXdckZnkVg^djheZigdaZjb egdYjXihWZilZZc9jgWVcVcY?d]VccZhWjg\#I]Z e^eZa^cZXdbbZcXZYl^i]XdbbZgX^VadeZgVi^dch ^c9ZXZbWZg'%&&#>cVYY^i^dc!i]ZXdcigVXi^cXajYZh i]ZXdchigjXi^dcd[ejbehiVi^dchVcYeZigdaZjb ]VcYa^c\VcYhidgV\Z[VX^a^i^Zh!hdbZd[l]^X]l^aa WZXdbeaZiZYYjg^c\;'%&*# , '* '+ + JeZWo" ', '. ( (% ) & ' * lZ]VkZWZXdbZVY^kZgh^[^ZYXdchigjXi^dc! ^c[gVhigjXijgZXdcXZhh^dchVcYgZaViZY hZgk^XZh\gdjel^i]i]ZXVeVW^a^inidYZa^kZg VXgdhhi]Z[jaa^c[gVhigjXijgZa^[ZXnXaZ# , &% . - && &' &. &* 6Xi^kZ\gdjeXdcigVXihEdiZci^Valdg`^cegd\gZhh<gdje;^kZdeZgVi^dcVaZmeZg^ZcXZ &) &( '( &+ &, LZ]VkZV\gdl^c\^ciZgcVi^dcVaXa^ZciWVhZ^chZkZchZXidgh^c Hdji]6[g^XV!i]ZgZhid[6[g^XVVcY:VhiZgc:jgdeZ# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi &# H^ZggVAZdcZ '# A^WZg^V (# BVa^ )# 7jg`^cV;Vhd *# <]VcV +# 6a\Zg^V ,# C^\Zg^V -# <VWdc .# 9G8 &%#J\VcYV - )( GZVa ZhiViZ &&#@ZcnV &'#IVcoVc^V &(#BdoVbW^fjZ &)#BVaVl^ &*#OVbW^V &+#O^bWVWlZ &,#7dihlVcV &-#CVb^W^V &.#6c\daV '%#Hdji]6[g^XV G&*!( W^aa^dc '- ') &- '' '% '& '&#AZhdi]d ''# HlVo^aVcY '(#BVYV\VhXVg ')#BVjg^i^jh '*#EdaVcY '+#=jc\Vgn ',#?dgYVc '-#9jWV^ '.#6Wj9]VW^ (%#DbVc :hiVWa^h]ZYegZhZcXZ^chZkZchZXidgh '*B^c^c\ , LViZg ' >cYjhig^Va )(GZVaZhiViZ ',EdlZg ')IgVchedgi '.D^aVcY\Vh ;dXjhXdjcig^Zh!Vai]dj\]cdiigVY^c\nZi# ;'%&)gZkZcjZ[gdbXdci^cj^c\deZgVi^dch# &))-* :BEADN::H Vi(%?jcZ'%&) I]ZZk^YZcXZd[l]VilZYdXVcWZhZZc^ci]ZgdVYhVcY gV^alVna^cZhi]Via^c`X^inidX^in!^ci]Z]VgWdjghVcYV^gedgih i]ViigV[[^XeZdeaZVcY\ddYh!^ci]Z]dbZhVcYd[[^XZhi]Vi VXXdbbdYViZX]Vc\^c\a^[ZhinaZhVcYcZllVnhd[ldg`^c\!^c i]ZedlZgeaVcihVcYZcZg\ne^eZa^cZhi]Via^\]ijea^kZh! \ZcZgViZ^cYjhig^VaYZkZadebZciVcY[jZai]ZYg^kZidegd\gZhh! ^ci]ZYVbhVcYigZVibZcieaVcihi]Vi\gZZci]ZlVhiZaVcYh VcYWg^c\XaZVcYg^c`^c\lViZgidb^aa^dchVcY^ci]Zb^cZhVcY [VXidg^Zhi]Vi]VgkZhii]ZlZVai]d[cVi^dchVcY]VgcZhhi]Z ediZci^Vad[^cYjhign# LZ]VkZVcVhhZbWand[h`^aahVcY XVeVW^a^i^Zh[gdbYZkZadebZciidYZh^\c! [gdbXdchigjXi^dciddeZgVi^dcVcY[gdb egd_ZXibVcV\ZbZciidbV^ciZcVcXZ#LZ ]VkZV[jaaedgi[da^d!Vaadl^c\jhidldg`dc bVhh^kZ!XdbeaZm^c[gVhigjXijgZXdcigVXih! [gdb^cXZei^dcidXdbeaZi^dcVcYWZndcY# I]ZgZVaedlZgd[l]VilZYd^hVgdjcY]dllZdeZgViZ#LZ]VkZYZ[^cZYi]^hVh/ I]ZVW^a^inidYZa^kZgegdYjXihVcYhZgk^XZhVXXdgY^c\idig^ZYVcY iZhiZYbZi]dYdad\^Zh!^ciZ\gViZYl^i]i]Zg^\dgdjhbVcV\ZbZci d[g^h`!\j^YZYWndjghV[Zin!]ZVai]VcYZck^gdcbZciVae]^adhde]n d[OZgd=Vgb!VXgdhhVbjai^ijYZd[Y^hX^ea^cZhVcYbVg`Zih# I]ZVW^a^inidhZZ`VcY[^cYi]Zhdaji^dc i]ViYlZaah^ch^YZi]ZegdWaZbWnjh^c\ i]ZedlZgd[^ccdkVi^dc!^chbVgiVcY jcZmeZXiZYlVnh# HigjXijgZY>c\Zcj^in^hi]ZkVajZlZVYY!cdi_jhi[dgdjg`ZnhiV`Z]daYZgh!Wji[dgZkZgndcZl]dhZcZZYhlZhZgkZ i]gdj\]i]Z^c[gVhigjXijgZlZXgZViZ# . EkhijhWj[]oWdZijhkYjkh[ I=:<GDJEÉHHIG6I:<N>HID 688:HHI=:;JAA>C;G6HIGJ8IJG:A>;:8N8A:# 8VeVW^a^inidYZa^kZgdkZgi]Zl]daZa^[ZXnXaZ <GDJE8AJHI:GH 9:K:ADE >CK:HI 9:H><C HJEEAN 7J>A9 DE:G6I: H:GK>8: ?dl[ijc[djiWdZ 9edY[ii_edi ;d]_d[[h_d] 9edijhkYj_ed CWdk\WYjkh_d] 9edijhkYj_ed Bjai^eaZgZkZcjZhVcY^begdkZYWaZcYZYbVg\^c <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) I=:<GDJEÉHI6G<:IH:8IDGH &% B^c^c\ >cYjhig^Va EdlZg LViZg GZVaZhiViZ IgVchedgi D^aVcY\Vh <GDJEHIG6I:<N I]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\n]Vh[djgXdbedcZcih/ 6CCJ>INHIG:6BH BVcj[VXijg^c\ 8dcXZhh^dch EjWa^Xeg^kViZ eVgicZgh]^eh EgdeZgi^Zh DeZgVi^dchVcY bV^ciZcVcXZ hZgk^XZh BJAI>"9>H8>EA>C6GN 86E67>A>IN Bjai^"hZ\bZci ZmZXji^dc :c\^cZZg!egdXjgZ VcYXdchigjXi & ) 8k_bZ_d] Wddk_jo [Whd_d]i ijh[Wci B[WZ[hi _dckbj_# Z_iY_fb_dWho Z[b_l[ho =hemj^ j^hek]^ \eYki[Zi[Yjeh f[d[jhWj_ed H:8IDGH B^c^c\ >cYjhig^Va EdlZg D^aVcY\Vh LViZg GZVaZhiViZ IgVchedgi =[e]hWf^_Y [nfWdi_ed ( ' <:D<G6E=>:H 6[g^XV :VhiZgc:jgdeZ >emZ_ZekhijhWj[]oZ[b_l[hZkh_d]j^[o[Wh5 & 8VeVX^inidYZa^kZg^c[gVhigjXijgZhdaji^dch[dgXa^Zcih^chZkZciVg\ZihZXidgh )) I]ZigVYZY8dcigVXi^c\gZkZcjZ[dgi]ZnZVggZ[aZXihVbdgZWVaVcXZYgZegZhZciVi^dcWnhZXidg!l^i]Vc^cXgZVhZ ^ci]ZedlZgVcYd^aVcY\VhhZXidghVcYVaZhhZg[dXjhdci]Zb^c^c\VcYigVchedgihZXidgh =dlZkZg![daadl^c\i]ZcZVgXdbeaZi^dcd[i]gZZd[i]Z[djggZcZlVWaZedlZgXdcigVXih^cHdji]6[g^XVVcYVfj^Zid^aVcY\Vh VcY^cYjhig^VabVg`Zi!gZXZciXdcigVXiVlVgYh]VkZWZZcl^i]^ci]ZgZVaZhiViZhZXidg#I]^hgZhjaiZY^c[jgi]Zg XdcXZcigVi^dcd[i]ZdgYZgWdd`WnhZXidg#EaZVh^c\an!lZhVlVc^cXgZVhZ^cXdcigVXihldcl^i]^ci]ZlViZghZXidg ' <Zd\gVe]^XZmeVch^dcVa^\cZYidi]Z\gdjeÉhiVg\ZihZXidgh )+ Hdji]6[g^XVgZegZhZciZY,+d[i]Z\gdjeÉhidiVaigVYZYgZkZcjZ[dgi]ZnZVg!Vc^cXgZVhZ[gdbi]Z+-^ci]ZegZk^djh nZVgYjZidh^oZVWaZXdcigVXiVlVgYh^ci]ZegZk^djhgZedgi^c\eZg^dY^ci]ZgZVaZhiViZVcYgZcZlVWaZedlZghZXidgh I]ZidiVahZXjgZY8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`Xdci^cjZhidWZHdji]6[g^XVc"lZ^\]iZY!l^i]-%d[ gZkZcjZidWZigVYZY[gdbadXVaXdcigVXih#I]ZgZhid[Hdji]Zgc6[g^XVVcYLZhi6[g^XVgZegZhZci&(VcY)!gZheZXi^kZan ( 8VeVW^a^inidYZa^kZgXdbeaZmbjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdcigVXihi]gdj\]^ciZgcVaVa^\cbZcid[\gdjegZhdjgXZh ) 7j^aY^c\adc\"XnXaZVccj^in^cXdbZhigZVbh )- >c;'%&(lZgZedgiZYi]VidjgZhi^bViZYigVYZYgZkZcjZ[gdbbjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdcigVXih^c;'%&)ldjaYWZ'%# EaZVh^c\an!lZlZgZVWaZidZc]VcXZdci]Zdeedgijc^i^ZhVkV^aVWaZ[dg^ciZgcVaVa^\cbZciVcY XdaaVWdgVi^dc!l^i]bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgngZkZcjZ[dgi]ZnZVgd[', Add`^c\[dglVgY!&-d[djg8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`VcY'&d[djg8dcigVXi^c\e^eZa^cZegdk^YZdeedgijc^in[dg bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdcigVXih *% DjghZXjgZYDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd`^hG)!+W^aa^dcidYViZd[[^ghigZk^Zldcan#I]^h gZkZcjZhigZVbegdk^YZh\ddYa^cZd[h^\]idcegd[^iVW^a^injci^a;'%'(#DcandcZcZlegd_ZXilVhhZXjgZY^ci]ZnZVgjcYZg gZk^Zl!Vhi]Zi^bZ[gVbZiV`ZcidYZkZadeegd_ZXihVcYVX]^ZkZXdbbZgX^VaVcY[^cVcX^VaXadhZ^hegdigVXiZY >cVYY^i^dc!egd[^i[gdbcdc"8dcigVXi^c\Wjh^cZhhZhlVh)(d[\gdjeegd[^i!gZaVi^kZanjcX]Vc\ZY[gdb ),aVhinZVg && DjghigViZ\nVcYhigjXijgZXdci^cjZY HIG6I:<NHJEEDGI:97N<AD76AG:H:6G8= ^c[gVhigjXijgZhZXidghZaZXi^dc!l]^X]XdggZaViZideg^dg^in ejWa^XVcYeg^kViZhZXidgheZcY#I]Z\gVe]hWZadldjia^cZ i]ZeZgXZciV\Zd[gZhedcYZcihl]dhZaZXiZY`ZnhZXidghVcY gZ\^dch^ciZgbhd[i]Z^gZmeZXiZY\gdli]# I]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\n^hgZk^ZlZYVccjVaanVcYWZcX]bVg`ZY V\V^chiVhZaZXi^dcd[^cYZeZcYZci^c[gVhigjXijgZbVg`ZiVcY higViZ\nhjgkZnh#6gZXZci\adWVaVcYgZ\^dcVahjgkZnXdcYjXiZY l^i]&+*XdbeVc^Zhhjeedgih<gdje;^kZÉh\Zd\gVe]^XVcYhZkZc Ideeg^dg^i^Zh[dgcZl ^cYjhignhZXidgh <gdje;^kZÉhhigViZ\n^hWVhZYdcWj^aY^c\ iZX]c^XVah`^aahidhZgk^XZhZkZchZXidghl]^X] XdggZaViZl^i]\adWVaeg^dg^inhZXidgh# *) B^c^c\ ', >cYjhig^Va '* EdlZg D^aVcY\Vh LViZg GZVaZhiViZ IgVchedgi '( &, &, &* &) &( && :YjXVi^dcVa =djh^c\ D[[^XZ$gZiV^a =ZVai]XVgZ >cYjhig^Va Di]Zg GdVYh$ Wg^Y\Zh GV^a B^c^c\ LViZg" gZaViZY EdlZg$ ZcZg\n , HVbeaZh^oZ/&+*XdbeVc^Zh!iZc[gdbHdji]6[g^XV <gdli][dgZXVhiWngZ\^dc '' &. &* &' . Jc^iZY @^c\Ydb - B^YYaZ :Vhi . 6jhigVa^V && Cdgi] 6bZg^XV 6h^V GZhid[ :jgdeZ 6[g^XV &' 8ZcigVa$ Hdji] 6bZg^XV <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) <GDJE;>K:ÉH<:D<G6E=>8 HIG6I:<N;D8JH:9 DC=><="<GDLI= 6;G>866C98:CIG6A 6C9:6HI:GC:JGDE: HdjgXZ/@EB< K6AJ:H =HEKF 9EHFEH7J; L7BK;I LZhig^kZiddeZgViZV\V^chiVhZid[XdgZkVajZh#I]ZhZVgZ^ciZcYZYidWZi]Z [djcYVi^dcd[i]Z\gdjeÉhXjaijgZVcYVgZ^bWZYYZY^cdjghigViZ\^ZhVcY eda^X^ZhVcYgZ^c[dgXZYi]gdj\]i]ZhZc^dgiZVbÉheZg[dgbVcXZbZVhjgZh# EZdeaZ :mXZaaZcXZ IgVch[dgbVi^dc 8a^Zci[dXjh >ciZ\g^in GZ[ZgideV\Zh&%+id &&&VcY&&)id&&*# >ccdkVi^dc EZg[dgbVcXZ I=:<GDJEÉHHIG6I:<N>H9:A>K:G:9 I=GDJ<=6;D8JH:9DE:G6I>C<6C9 HJEEDGIHIGJ8IJG: DkZgi]ZaVhi[ZlnZVgh!i]ZdeZgVi^c\higjXijgZ]VhWZZc gZ[^cZYidZchjgZZ[[ZXi^kZYZa^kZgndcdjghigViZ\nd[VXXZhh^c\ bdgZd[i]Z^c[gVhigjXijgZkVajZX]V^c!l^i]V[dXjhdc bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdcigVXih^cVYY^i^dciddjgigVY^i^dcVa \ZcZgVaXdchigjXi^dcldg`h# Djg\gdjehigjXijgZXdbeg^hZh[djgXajhiZgh!l^i]VcVYY^i^dcVa higViZ\^XXa^Zci"[VX^c\Wjh^cZhhVgZVhjeedgi^c\i]Z^YZci^[^XVi^dc VcYYZkZadebZcid[`ZnXdcigVXih#HigViZ\^XEgd_ZXi9ZkZadebZcih HE9^hbV^cangZhedch^WaZ[dgi]ZhdjgX^c\VcYYZkZadebZci d[aVg\ZVcYbjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdcigVXih^ckdak^c\bjai^eaZ hZ\bZcihVXgdhh8dchigjXi^dcVcY:c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dc! `ZnVXXdjcibVcV\ZbZciVcY6[g^XVcZmeVch^dc#L^i]^cHE9! i]Z\gdje^h[jgi]ZgYZkZade^c\i]ZheZX^Va^hiaVg\ZXdcigVXi aZVYZgh]^egZfj^gZYidZc]VcXZYZa^kZgn# <GDJEHIGJ8IJG:6A><C:9ID9:A>K:GDCI=:HIG6I:<N HIG 6I :<>8 EGD?:8I9:K:ADE E9 H H I B: C 6ai]dj\]i]Z\gdje]VhVXZcigVa^hZYhjeedgihigjXijgZVcYaZkZahd[Vji]dg^inl^i]jc^[dgbeda^X^ZhVcY egdXZYjgZh!ZVX]XajhiZg^hgZfj^gZYidgZiV^c[jaadlcZgh]^eVcYVXXdjciVW^a^in[dg^ihVa^\cbZciid\gdje higViZ\n!^iheZg[dgbVcXZ!\gdli]VcYjai^bViZan^ihkVajZ"VYYidi]Z\gdje# &( DjghigViZ\nVcYhigjXijgZXdci^cjZY @:NHIG6I:<>8;D8JH6G:6H I]Z[dglVgY"add`^c\higViZ\^XV\ZcYVXdci^cjZhid[dXjhdci]Z\gdjeÉh[djgbVg`Zi"[VX^c\ higViZ\^Zh!VhlZaaVhVc^ciZgcVaan"[dXjhZYhjeedgi^c\higViZ\n# I]ZWdVgY]VhYZiZgb^cZYi]VibVcV\ZbZciÉhhigViZ\^XVeegdVX]^hhdjcYVcYi]Vii]Z^ciZgcVa Z[[^X^ZcXnegd\gVbbZi]VilVh^beaZbZciZYYjg^c\;'%&'id;'%&)]VhWZZcVhjXXZhh# L^i]i]^hVhVWVX`Ygde!i]Z[dglVgY"add`^c\higViZ\^XV\ZcYV^h^ceaVXZ!l^i]i]Z[dXjhcdldc ^beaZbZciVi^dcYjZidhadlZgegd\gZhh^chdbZVgZVhV\V^chiidj\]bVg`ZiXdcY^i^dchVcY gZhdjgXZXdchigV^cih# Ekha[oijhWj[]_Y\eYkiWh[Wiel[hj^[d[njo[Whjej^h[[o[Whim_bbX[0 HIG6I:<N:A:B:CIH & 86E68>INID9:A>K:G >C;G6HIGJ8IJG:HDAJI>DCH;DG 8A>:CIH>CH:K:CI6G<:IH:8IDGH ' <:D<G6E=>8:ME6CH>DC6A><C:9 IDI=:<GDJEÉHI6G<:IH:8IDGH ( <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) 86E67>A>INID9:A>K:G8DBEA:M BJAI>"9>H8>EA>C6GN8DCIG68IH I=GDJ<=>CI:GC6A6A><CB:CI D;<GDJEG:HDJG8:H &) ) 7J>A9>C<ADC<"8N8A:6CCJ>IN >C8DB:HIG:6BH * >CI:GC6A;>IC:HH ;DGL6G9"ADD@>C< 68I>DCH I ]ZhZXidghl]ZgZi]Z\gdjel^aa^ckZhiheZX^[^XgZhdjgXZhidYg^kZ\gdli]^c Hdji]6[g^XVVcYi]ZgZhid[6[g^XVl^aaWZeg^bVg^and^aVcY\Vh!edlZgVcY igVchedgi!l]^ahibV^ciV^c^c\djgaZVY^c\edh^i^dc^c6[g^XVcb^c^c\#I]ZgZVa ZhiViZVcYlViZghZXidghXjggZciand[[ZghZaZXi^kZdeedgijc^i^Zh LZ]VkZVegZhZcXZ^cVaadjgiVg\ZihZXidgh^cHdji]6[g^XVVcYl^aaXdci^cjZ idhZZ`iZX]c^XVaeVgicZgh]^ehid[jgi]ZgZc]VcXZdjgd[[Zg^c\ I]ZhZXidgVhhZhhbZcil^aaVahdY^XiViZl]ZgZdjgheZX^[^X\Zd\gVe]^X\gdli] l^aaWZVX]^ZkZY >c8ZcigVaVcY:VhiZgc:jgdeZ8::!i]Z\gdjehigViZ\n^hideg^bVg^anVXXZhh i]ZXdcXZhh^dchd[igVchedgi^c[gVhigjXijgZ I ]Z\gdje]VhhjXXZhh[jaanigVkZghZYbjX]d[hjW"HV]VgVc6[g^XVVcYhZaZXiZY 8::Xdjcig^ZhViVXdcigVXiaZkZa#=dlZkZg!i]ZhigViZ\n^hcdl[dXjhZYdc WZXdb^c\VcZbWZYYZY^c[gVhigjXijgZ\gdje^cXdjcig^ZhVcYgZ\^dchi]Vi gZfj^gZi]Z\gdjeÉhh`^aahdcVbdgZhjhiV^cVWaZWVh^h^ci]Z^ggZaZkVci ZXdcdb^XhZXidghidYZa^kZgi]Z^g]^\]"\gdli]ediZci^Va I]Z\gdjel^aaXdci^cjZidXgZViZeZgbVcZci!WjiaZVc!deZgVi^c\higjXijgZh i]ViVgZVa^\cZYidi]^hhigViZ\n L Z]VkZhjXXZhh[jaanigVch^i^dcZY^cidVXdbeZiZcih^c\aZhdjgXZ bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdcigVXiYZa^kZgneVgicZgiddjgiVg\ZiXa^Zcih =dlZkZg!i]ZYZbVcY[dgi]^hd[[Zg^c\]VhgZXZcianZmXZZYZYdjgXVeVX^in# LZVgZi]ZgZ[dgZcdl[dXjhZYdcWj^aY^c\i]^hXVeVW^a^inbdgZY^gZXiangVi]Zg i]VcgZan^c\dcVcVbVa\VbVi^dcd[Zm^hi^c\hZ\bZcigZhdjgXZhVih^iZaZkZa I]^hl^aaWZYdcZi]gdj\]i]Z\gdjeÉhHE9higjXijgZ I]Z<gdje;^kZ^c"]djhZigV^c^c\[VX^a^in!I]Z6XVYZbn!l^aaWZgZY^gZXiZYid [dXjhdcWj^aY^c\YZei]^cXdchigjXi^dcVcYegd_ZXibVcV\ZbZcih`^aahid gZhdjgXZi]^hhigViZ\n 6 hXVcWZhZZc^cdjgDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd`!lZ]VkZ YZbdchigViZYdjghigViZ\nVildg`!l^i]i]ZVXXjbjaVi^dcd[V\gdl^c\cjbWZg d[XdcigVXihi]ViYZa^kZgbjai^"nZVggZijgch I]ZejWa^Xeg^kViZeVgicZgh]^e$XdcXZhh^dchdeedgijc^i^Zh^chZaZXiZY6[g^XVc VcY8::bVg`ZihgZbV^cV`Zn[dXjhi]Vi]Vhi]ZediZci^Vaid[jgi]ZgYg^kZ \gdli]VXgdhhi]Z\gdjeÉhdeZgVi^dch!egdk^YZadc\iZgbhZXjgZYgZkZcjZ!egd[^i VcYXVh]idi]ZWjh^cZhh!VcYVWdkZ"VkZgV\ZgZijgchidh]VgZ]daYZgh I ]Z\gdjeVXiZYZVgan^ci]Z^cYjhignYdlcXnXaZ!l^i]VcjbWZgd[^c^i^Vi^kZh i]Vih^bea^[^ZY]dllZldg`!l^i][^cVcX^VaVcYg^h`b^i^\Vi^dcWZcZ[^ihid[daadl I]Z\gdje]VhVYdeiZYVXdci^cjdjh^begdkZbZciXjaijgZ^ci]^hgZ\VgY!l]^X] lVh[jgi]Zg[VX^a^iViZYWni]ZbV_dg^ind[<VjiZc\hZ\bZcihbdk^c\^cidVc ^ciZ\gViZYXZcigVad[[^XZ &* 97I;IJK:O 6gZcZlVWaZZcZg\nXVeVW^a^inlVhZhiVWa^h]ZY^ci]ZEdlZg Wjh^cZhhl^i]^ci]Z:c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dcXajhiZgV [ZlnZVghV\d!Vhi]^hlVh^YZci^[^ZYVhV`ZnVgZVd[ \gdli]!ZheZX^Vaanl^cYVcYhdaVgXdcigVXih#I]Z^ckZhibZci ^cXjggZY^cZhiVWa^h]^c\i]ZXVeVW^a^in]VhYZa^kZgZYgZijgch [daadl^c\i]ZaVjcX]d[i]ZHdji]6[g^XVc\dkZgcbZciÉh GZcZlVWaZ:cZg\n>cYZeZcYZciEdlZgEgdYjXZg Egd\gVbbZG:>EE#IdYViZ!<gdje;^kZlVhVlVgYZY[djg gZcZlVWaZZcZg\n:E8XdcigVXihidYZa^kZgildl^cY[Vgbh VcYildhdaVgedlZgXdcigVXih# I]ZhZXdcigVXih^ckdakZ]VgcZhh^c\l^cYVcYhdaVgZcZg\nid \ZcZgViZZaZXig^XVaedlZgjh^c\l^cYijgW^cZhVcYZ^i]Zg XdcXZcigViZY8EKdgXdckZci^dcVaEKhdaVge]didkdaiV^X bdYjaZh#I]ZidiVa\ZcZgViZYZaZXig^XVadjiejih[gdbi]ZhZ gZcZlVWaZXdcigVXihVgZ'&'#*bZ\VlViiBL# <gdje;^kZ]VhVhigdc\igVX`gZXdgY^c:E8 edlZgeaVciYZa^kZgn^c6[g^XVVcY^hVcVeegdkZY :E8XdcigVXidgid<ZcZgVa:aZXig^XVcYdi]Zg \adWVaiZX]cdad\negdk^YZgh#I]Z\gdje]Vhi]Z XVeVW^a^inidXd"YZkZadeXdcigVXihidWVc`VW^a^in! ^beaZbZciijgc`Zn:E8YZa^kZgnVcYd[[Zg deZgVi^dchVcYbV^ciZcVcXZhZgk^XZhedhii]Z XdbeaZi^dcd[XdchigjXi^dc# Hd^iZXÄ8DE&,8EKYZbdchigVi^dcjc^iÄ%#*BL @a^e]ZjlZaL^cYEgd_ZXiÄ',BL Ä<g^YXdccZXi^dcVX]^ZkZY9ZXZbWZg'%&( CdWaZh[dciZ^cL^cYEgd_ZXiÄ,)BL Ä<g^YXdccZXi^dcVX]^ZkZY6eg^a'%&) Idjlhg^k^Zg8EKHdaVgEgd_ZXiÄ(+BL Ä<g^YXdccZXi^dcVX]^ZkZY?VcjVgn'%&) <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) ?VheZgEKHdaVgEgd_ZXiÄ,*BL Ä<g^YXdccZXi^dciVg\ZiZYHZeiZbWZg'%&) &+ 6c^bedgiVci[ZVijgZd[i]Z\gdjeÉhhjXXZhh^ci]ZHdji] 6[g^XVcgZcZlVWaZZcZg\negd\gVbbZ^hhZXjg^c\i]Zadc\ iZgbdeZgVi^dchVcYbV^ciZcVcXZXdcigVXihd[i]ZhZ edlZgeaVcih^cVYY^i^dcidi]Z:E8XdcigVXihldc#I]^h Zc]VcXZhi]Z\gdjeÉhWaZcYZYgZijgcdc^ih^ckZhibZci^cid i]ZgZcZlVWaZedlZgbVg`ZiVcYVYYhidi]Z\gdjeÉh higViZ\nd[\gdl^c\Vccj^inWjh^cZhhidXdjciZgi]ZXnXa^XVa cVijgZd[i]ZXdchigjXi^dchZXidgVcYegdk^Y^c\hjhiV^cVWaZ adc\iZgbhZXjgZYgZkZcjZVcYegd[^iVW^a^in# >ci]ZXjggZcinZVg!:E8XdcigVXihXdcig^WjiZY&*idi]Z \gdjeÉhigVYZY8dcigVXi^c\gZkZcjZ# 6hi]ZXdchigjXi^dcd[i]ZhZXdcigVXihcZVgXdbeaZi^dc! gZcZlVWaZZcZg\nXdcigVXihgZegZhZcidcan'd[i]Z \gdjeÉhidiVahZXjgZYdgYZgWdd`!Wjii]Z\gdje^hZmeZXiZY idigVYZG&+*b^aa^dc^cDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZ gZkZcjZ^c;'%&*id;'%&-Vhi]ZhZXdcigVXihXdbZ^cid deZgVi^dcVcYi]ZcZmie]VhZd[i]Z\gdjeÉh^cXdbZ higZVbXdbbZcXZh# ;nf[h_[dY[_d[d]_d[[h" fheYkh[WdZYedijhkYj;F9" m_j^WYkhh[dj\eYkied h[d[mWXb[ [d[h]ofem[hfbWdj;F9i &, CW_d ^[WZ_d] 6hVWdVgY!dcZd[djg`ZnVgZVhd[[dXjh^hi]Zbdc^idg^c\ d[i]Z\gdjeÉhZc\V\ZbZcil^i]VaahiV`Z]daYZgh#I]^h^h VhiVcY^c\^iZbdcdjgbV^cWdVgYbZZi^c\V\ZcYV# I]ZWdVgYgZXZ^kZhfjVgiZganjeYViZhdchiV`Z]daYZg Zc\V\ZbZci!l^i]VheZX^[^X[dXjhdcVYYgZhh^c\VgZVh d[XdcXZgc# E]^a^h^lZBi]Zi]lV8]V^geZghdc >emekhijWa[^ebZ[hi _cfWYjekhijhWj[]o >CIGD9J8I>DC I]^hhegZVYdjia^cZhdjg`ZnhiV`Z]daYZgh!l]nlZZc\V\Zl^i]i]Zb!l]Vii]Zeg^dg^in ^hhjZhlZgZ[dgi]ZbYjg^c\i]ZnZVgVcY]dl!VhVWdVgY!lZbZVhjgZl]Zi]ZglZVgZ hjXXZhh[jaanVYYgZhh^c\i]Z^gXdcXZgch# 9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!lZ]VYVeVgi^XjaVg[dXjhdcXa^ZcigZaVi^dch]^eh^ci]ZYZa^kZgnd[ ^cXgZVh^c\anaVg\ZVcYXdbeaZmXdcigVXihVcY^cVYYgZhh^c\ejWa^XhZXidgXa^ZciXdcXZgch [daadl^c\i]Z8dbeZi^i^dc8dbb^hh^dc[^cY^c\hl^i]gZ\VgYhidi]ZXdchigjXi^dchZXidgÉh eVhiVci^"XdbeZi^i^kZegVXi^XZh^cHdji]6[g^XV#:beadnZZhlZgZVahdVeg^dg^inYjZidi]Z Yg^kZidgZiV^cVcYViigVXiiVaZciVcYZchjgZY^kZgh^in^cdjgldg`[dgXZ!VhlZaaVh XdcXZgchdkZgkdaVi^aZaVWdjggZaVi^dch^cHdji]6[g^XV#:c\V\^c\l^i]ZbeadnZZhdc X]Vc\ZbVcV\ZbZcilVhVahdgZfj^gZYYjg^c\i]ZnZVgYjZidi]ZbdkZWni]ZbV_dg^in d[i]Z\gdjeÉh<VjiZc\Wjh^cZhhZh^cidVc^ciZ\gViZYXZcigVad[[^XZ[dgi]Z[^ghii^bZ# DceV\Zh'%id'(lZdjia^cZi]Z`ZnVgZVhd[XdcXZgcXdbbjc^XViZYidjhWn hiV`Z]daYZgh#LZgZbV^cXd\c^hVcid[i]ZcZZYidXdci^cjZidVYYgZhhi]Z^g^hhjZh# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) Ekh[cfbeo[[ ikhl[o^cY^XViZYVc &- ^begdkZbZcidkZgi]Zeg^dg nZVgVcYdjggZhjaihVgZcdl i]Z]^\]Zhii]Zn]VkZZkZg WZZch^cXZi]ZhjgkZn hiVgiZY^c'%&%# LZVgZeaZVhZYl^i]i]Zegd\gZhhbVYZ^chdbZd[i]ZVgZVhd[Zc\V\ZbZciYjg^c\ i]ZnZVg/ D jgZbeadnZZhjgkZn^cY^XViZYVc^begdkZbZcidkZgi]Zeg^dgnZVgVcYdjggZhjaih VgZcdli]Z]^\]Zhii]Zn]VkZZkZgWZZch^cXZi]ZhjgkZnhiVgiZY^c'%&%#I]Zhigdc\ ^begdkZbZcih^cXjaijgZVcYkVajZhVcYhigViZ\n!Y^gZXi^dcVcYaZVYZgh]^eVgZ eVgi^XjaVganeaZVh^c\!Vhi]ZngZ[aZXii]ZdjiXdbZd[Vhigdc\Yg^kZ[gdbi]ZZmZXji^kZ bVcV\ZbZciYjg^c\i]ZnZVg#Djgdc\d^c\[dXjhdcgZk^Zl^c\ZbeadnZZWZcZ[^ih gZhjaiZY^ckVhian^begdkZY\gdjeY^hVW^a^in^chjgVcXZVcY^chjgVcXZ[dgZbeadnZZh igVkZaa^c\dkZg"WdgYZg :[[ZXi^kZXa^ZciZc\V\ZbZcii]ViaZYidVlVgYhVXgdhhdjg`ZniVg\Zi\gdli]hZXidgh! l]^X]gZhjaiZY^cgZkZcjZVcYdgYZgWdd`\gdli]ÄeVgi^XjaVgan^cedlZg!gZVaZhiViZ VcYb^c^c\^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV <gdje;^kZ]VhWZZcVii]Z[dgZ[gdcid[hZZ`^c\^cYjhign!\dkZgcbZciVcYWaVX` Wjh^cZhhZc\V\ZbZciVcYgZWj^aY^c\igjhiedhii]Z8dbeZi^i^dc8dbb^hh^dc [^cY^c\h^cHdji]6[g^XV#I]^h]Vh^ckdakZYa^V^h^c\l^i]i]Z^cYjhigngZegZhZciVi^kZ WdYn!I]ZHdji]6[g^XVc;ZYZgVi^dcd[8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\8dcigVXidghH6;8:8!^c ^beaZbZci^c\ViVh`iZVbVeegdVX]idldg`^c\l^i]\dkZgcbZciVcYVYYgZhh^c\ i]Zbdhidei^bVabVccZg^cl]^X]idhjeedgii]ZXdjcignÉhjg\Zci^c[gVhigjXijgZ gZfj^gZbZcih 6iigVXi^c\cZliZX]c^XVaeVgicZgh]^eh!eVgi^XjaVgan[dgi]ZGZcZlVWaZ:cZg\n >cYZeZcYZciEdlZgEgdYjXZgEgdXjgZbZciEgd\gVbbZ^cHdji]6[g^XVl]ZgZlZ hjXXZhh[jaan^beaZbZciZY[djgZc\^cZZg!egdXjgZVcYXdchigjXi:E8XdcigVXih 8dci^cjZYhjeedgi[gdbdjgYZWiVcYZfj^inegdk^YZgh!l^i][ZZYWVX`^cY^XVi^c\i]Vi i]ZnWZa^ZkZlZ]VkZ\ddY[^cVcX^Vag^h`XdcigdahVcYVXZcigVa^hZYhjeedgihigjXijgZ l]^X]Vhh^hih^cZchjg^c\i]Vii]ZZmZXji^kZhgZbV^cXadhZid^hhjZh >ciZgbhd[^ckZhidgVcYbZY^VXdbbjc^XVi^dch!lZldcVc>ckZhibZci6cVanhih HdX^ZinhZXidgVlVgY[dgi]ZhZkZci]i^bZ!Xdc[^gb^c\i]VilZegdk^YZgdWjhiY^hXadhjgZ L=N9DL::C<6<:4 :BEADN::H 7JH>C:HHDG<6C>H6I>DCH 6C6ANHIH6C9B:9>6 :beadnZZh]VkZXgZViZYdjgWjh^cZhh i]gdj\]i]Z^gZciZgeg^hZ!h`^aaVcY Xdbb^ibZci#LZXdcYjXigZ\jaVg [ZZYWVX`egdXZhhZhVcYV^bid]VkZdeZc a^cZhd[Xdbbjc^XVi^dchidWVaVcXZi]Z XdcXZgchd[XjggZciZbeadnZZhl^i]i]Z cZZYhd[i]ZWjh^cZhh#6\gdje"l^YZ ZbeadnZZhjgkZn!l]^X]gZVX]ZY''+' eZgbVcZciVcYa^b^iZYYjgVi^dcXdcigVXi ZbeadnZZh^cHdji]6[g^XV!lVh XdcYjXiZY^c?jcZ'%&)#I]ZgZhjaih VX]^ZkZYlZgZi]Z]^\]ZhiZkZg# 6hWjh^cZhhdg\Vc^hVi^dchd[iZcYg^kZ de^c^dchWVhZYdc^ciZgVXi^dcl^i]Vl^YZ WVhZd[Xdchi^ijZcih!^i^h^bedgiVci[dgjh idjcYZghiVcYi]ZbVXgdZck^gdcbZci VcYi]Z^gdW_ZXi^kZhidZchjgZVa^\cbZci VcYgZaZkVcXZ#I]ZeZZg\gdjeXdaaZXi^kZ ^cWjh^cZhhdg\Vc^hVi^dch^hVahd ^bedgiVciidXgZViZjc^[^ZY^cYjhign k^Zlh# 6cVanhihVcYbZY^Vegdk^YZdi]Zg hiV`Z]daYZgh!ZheZX^VaanXa^Zcih!egdk^YZgh d[Zfj^inXVe^iVah]VgZ]daYZghVcY egdk^YZghd[YZWiXVe^iVaWVc`Zghl^i] gZhZVgX]VcY^c[dgbVi^dcdci]Z\gdje! ^iheZg[dgbVcXZVcYX]VaaZc\Zh# 8dbbjc^XVi^c\VYZfjViZanl^i]i]^h \gdjed[hiV`Z]daYZghV^bhidegdbdiZ VXXjgViZejWa^XgZedgi^c\i]ViegZkZcih VYkZghZ^beVXihdci]Z\gdje# 7JH>C:HHE6GIC:GH 8A>:CIH DjgZm^hiZcXZVcY\gdli]YZeZcYdci]Z \gdjejcYZghiVcY^c\i]ZgZfj^gZbZcihd[ djgejWa^XVcYeg^kViZhZXidgXa^ZcihVcY egdk^Y^c\Z[[ZXi^kZhdaji^dchVcY ^c[gVhigjXijgZ^ca^cZl^i]i]Z^gcZZYh# DjgXa^Zci^ciZgVXi^dch^c[dgbdjg higViZ\ngZk^Zlh!Wjh^cZhheaVcc^c\VcY WjY\Zi^c\VcYY^gZXidjggZhdjgXZh#7n Zc\V\^c\lZaal^i]Xa^Zcihje[gdciVcY i]gdj\]i]Za^[ZXnXaZd[i]Z^gXdcigVXih! lZXgZViZXa^ZciadnVainVcYgZeZVi Wjh^cZhh# LZhZaZXiWjh^cZhheVgicZghi]Vi XdbeaZbZcidjgegdYjXiVcYhZgk^XZ d[[Zg^c\idYZa^kZgXdbeaZiZ^c[gVhigjXijgZ hdaji^dchidXa^Zcih#DjghZXidghigViZ\^Zh gZandcXjggZciVcY[jijgZiZX]c^XVa eVgicZgh]^ehidZchjgZVa^\cbZci^c iZgbhd[Wjh^cZhhVeegdVX]VcYkVajZhVi i]Z^cXZei^dcVcYYjg^c\^beaZbZciVi^dc d[XdcigVXih# EGDK>9:GHD;;>C6C8>6A G:HDJG8:H 8DBBJC>I>:H LZZc\V\Zl^i]Xdbbjc^i^Zhi]ViVgZ adXViZYVgdjcYdjgXdcigVXih!Vhi]Z eZdeaZ^cXdbbjc^i^Zha^kZVcYldg` XadhZiddjgdeZgVi^dch#JcYZghiVcY^c\ VcYV^b^c\idbZZii]Z^gcZZYh^hXg^i^XVa idZchjgZi]ZhjXXZhh[jaXdbeaZi^dcd[ XdcigVXih!ZheZX^Vaan^ci]ZXdciZmid[ Hdji]6[g^XVl]ZgZXdbbjc^injcgZhi VgdjcYdeZgVi^dch^h^cXgZVh^c\# 6heVgid[djghdX^d"ZXdcdb^X YZkZadebZciH:9egd\gVbbZh!lZVahd ldg`XadhZanl^i]Xdbbjc^i^Zhid ZhiVWa^h]]dllZXVc^beVXiedh^i^kZan VcYhig^kZidVYYkVajZidi]Z^ga^kZh# ^cXajY^c\YZWiegdk^YZghVcY Zfj^inh]VgZ]daYZgh <DK:GCB:CI6H6 G:<JA6IDG 6hi]Z\gdjedeZgViZh^cV\gdl^c\ cjbWZgd[hZXidghVcYXdjcig^Zh!VYZfjViZ Xdbbjc^XVi^dcl^i]gZaZkVci\dkZgcbZci WdY^Zh^hXg^i^XVaidZchjgZXdbea^VcXZ idgZaZkVciaZ\^haVi^dc# Egdk^YZghd[YZWiVcYZfj^inVgZXdgZid djgZm^hiZcXZVcY\gdli]#I]Z\gdjeÉh [^cVcX^VahigZc\i]^h\ZcZgViZY[gdbi]Z ^c^i^VaWVX`^c\d[Zfj^in[gdbh]VgZ]daYZgh! YZWi[gdbWdcY]daYZghVcYWVc`Zgh!Vh lZaaVh[^cVcX^Va\jVgVciZZh[gdbWVc`Zgh VcY^chjgVcXZXdbeVc^Zh# L^i]djiVXXZhhid\jVgVciZZ[VX^a^i^Zh!i]Z \gdjeldjaYcdiWZVWaZidiZcYZg[dg XdcigVXih#I]Z\gdjeÉhZfj^inbViZg^Vaan YZ[^cZhi]Z\gdjeÉhVW^a^inidVXXZhh \jVgVciZZhVcY]ZcXZ\gdli] deedgijc^i^Zh# :9J86I>DC6C9IG6>C>C< >CHI>IJI>DCH 7Z^c\VcViigVXi^kZZbeadnZg^h [jcYVbZciVaiddjgVW^a^inidhdjgXZ!gZiV^c VcYYZkZadei]ZWZhiiVaZci^ci]ZbVg`Zi# <gdje;^kZÉh^c"]djhZ6XVYZbn[dgbh eVgicZgh]^ehl^i]ZmiZgcVaigV^c^c\VcY ZYjXVi^dc^chi^iji^dchid^YZci^[niVaZci[dg djgWjghVgnegd\gVbbZhVcYZbeadnZZ e^eZa^cZ# I]Z\gdjeXdci^cjdjhanZc\V\Zhl^i]i]^h hiV`Z]daYZg\gdjel^i]igVcheVgZciVcY XdbeaZiZ^c[dgbVi^dcidVaadljhZghid ZkVajViZi]Z\gdje!^ihhigViZ\nVcY bVcV\ZbZci^cYZiZgb^c^c\i]Z^ghjeedgi VcY^ckZhibZci# &. =dldjghiV`Z]daYZgh^beVXidjghigViZ\nXdci^cjZY L=6IL:G:I=:@:NHI6@:=DA9:G>HHJ:H9JG>C<I=:N:6G4 *+ H6;:IN HV[ZinXdci^cjZhidWZV`Zneg^dg^in[dgVcjbWZgd[hiV`Z]daYZghYjZidi]Z^beVXidca^kZhVcYYZa^kZgnd[XdcigVXih# LZ]VkZVhig^c\Zci[dXjhdchV[ZinVcYhjeedgidjgYg^kZ[dgOZgd=Vgbi]gdj\]eda^X^Zh!hnhiZbhVcYigV^c^c\!VhlZaa Vh]daY^c\bVcV\ZbZciVXXdjciVWaZ#6ai]dj\]djgdkZgVaahV[Zin^cY^XVidgh^begdkZY!lZhVYanVcYjcVXXZeiVWanhj[[ZgZY i]gZZ[ViVa^i^ZhYjg^c\i]ZXjggZci[^cVcX^VanZVg# >emZem[c[Wikh[j^_i5 Adhi"i^bZ ^c_jgn [gZfjZcXn gViZ ;ViVa^i^Zh CZVgb^hhZh HV[Zin VlVgYh GZ[ZgideV\Z*,[dg eZg[dgbVcXZV\V^chi djgbZVhjgZh# *' 8=6C<:6C9IG6CH;DGB6I>DC IgVch[dgbVi^dcgZbV^ch`ZnidVgVc\Zd[hiV`Z]daYZghidZchjgZi]Z\gdjebZZihi]Z^gZmeZXiVi^dchVcYXdbb^ibZcih ^ciZgbhd[Y^kZgh^inVcYegdXjgZbZci#LZ]VkZXaZVgiVg\ZihVcYYZkZadebZciegd\gVbbZh^ceaVXZ[dgi]ZVYkVcXZbZci d[ZbeadnZZh!l^i]VheZX^[^X[dXjhcdldci]Z^begdkZbZci^chZc^dgbVcV\ZbZciigVch[dgbVi^dc!VhbZVhjgZYWn ZbeadnbZciZfj^inhiVi^hi^Xh# >emZem[c[Wikh[j^_i5 <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) 8heWZ#XWi[ZXbWYa[Yedec_Y[cfem[hc[dj 888;;iYeh[YWhZ '% I]Z\gdje]VhVhZXidg"aZVY^c\AZkZa'777::gVi^c\! l^i]VcZlXZgi^[^XViZ^hhjZY^c;ZWgjVgn'%&)#I]Z \gdjehXdgZY-.#&!i]Z]^\]ZhiVbdc\hiXdbeZi^idgh# ;cfbeoc[dj[gk_jo I]Z\gdjeÉhhXdgZXVgYVaadXVi^dcWnaZkZalVhVbZcYZY Yjg^c\i]ZnZVg!l]^X]gZhjaiZY^cViZX]c^XVaanadlZg hXdgZ[dgZbeadnbZciZfj^in#=dlZkZg!^cgZVa^inlZ bVYZ\ddYegd\gZhh!l^i]6[g^XVc!>cY^VcVcY8dadjgZY _jc^dgbVcV\ZbZcigZegZhZciVi^dc^begdk^c\id,+! b^YYaZbVcV\ZbZciid'.VcYhZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci id'(# Emd[hi^_f I]Z\gdjeÉhWaVX`dlcZgh]^e^begdkZY[gdb'+#.^c '%&(id()#+^c'%&)#7aVX`[ZbVaZdlcZgh]^eYdjWaZY [gdb)#(^c'%&(id-#.^c'%&)# Ia_bbiZ[l[befc[dj I]Z\gdjeVX]^ZkZY&)#)'djid[&*ed^cih^ciZgbh d[i]Zh`^aahYZkZadebZciZaZbZcid[i]Z777:: hXdgZXVgY#IdiVaheZcY^cXgZVhZYWndkZg'%[gdb G(,!&b^aa^dcaVhinZVgidG)*!&b^aa^dci]^hnZVg# I]^hgZhjaiZY^c&#.d[eVngdaaheZcY[gdb&#+aVhi nZVg#6cVkZgV\Zd[G&(&)lVhheZcieZgZbeadnZZ XdbeVgZYidG&&%%^ci]ZaVhi[^cVcX^VanZVg# -' 8DBEA>6C8:6C9:I=>86A7JH>C:HHDE:G6I>DCH ;daadl^c\i]Z8dbeZi^i^dc8dbb^hh^dc[^cY^c\h^ci]ZXdchigjXi^dchZXidgaVhinZVg!djg]dbZbVg`Zid[Hdji]6[g^XV]VhVadiid YdidWg^Y\Zi]Zb^higjhiWZilZZcWjh^cZhhVcY\dkZgcbZci# =dli]Z\gdjeXdbea^ZhidgZ\jaVi^dchVcY\j^YZa^cZh!VhlZaaVh]dlZi]^XVaan^ideZgViZh!i]ZgZ[dgZgZbV^chk^iVa#I]Z\gdje]Vh ]VYcdgZedgiZY^cX^YZcihd[cdc"Xdbea^VcXZidgZ\jaVi^dchVcYgZ^c[dgXZYi]ZXdbbjc^XVi^dcd[^ih8dYZd[:i]^XhVcYWjh^cZhh egVXi^XZhidVaaZbeadnZZhYjg^c\i]ZaVhi[ZlnZVgh#I]^h]VhWZZchjeedgiZYWn[dXjhZYigV^c^c\egd\gVbbZh# >emZem[c[Wikh[j^_i5 8h[WY^[ie\Yecfb_WdY[ :VX]ZmZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZbZbWZg!id\Zi]Zgl^i]i]Z hZ\bZciÉhbVcV\^c\Y^gZXidgh!VgZY^gZXiangZhedch^WaZ [dgZchjg^c\Xdbea^VcXZidgZaZkVciaVlhVcYgZ\jaVi^dch l^i]^ci]Z^gY^hX^ea^cZd[gZhedch^W^a^indgWjh^cZhh# >cVYY^i^dc!VXZcigVaXdbea^VcXZbVcV\Zg]VhWZZc Veed^ciZYidZc]VcXZbdc^idg^c\#FjVgiZgan[ZZYWVX`^h egdk^YZYidi]ZVjY^iVcYg^h`Xdbb^iiZZh# I]ZgZlZgZcd`cdlcWgZVX]Zhd[aZ\^haVi^kZaVlhVcY gZ\jaVi^dchYjg^c\i]ZnZVg# ?dY_Z[djie\[j^_YWbWdZ]el[hdWdY[ ded#Yecfb_WdY[ &*^cX^YZcihd[Zi]^XVacdc"Xdbea^VcXZWnZbeadnZZh dXXjggZY!l]^X]gZhjaiZY^c&'ZbeadnZZhWZ^c\ Y^hb^hhZYVcYi]gZZZbeadnZZhgZXZ^k^c\lg^iiZc lVgc^c\h#Bdhid[i]Z^cX^YZcihlZgZi]Z[iYjZidi]Z ZbeadnZZhZmeZg^ZcX^c\[^cVcX^VaY^[[^Xjain mmm GZ[Zgidi]ZhjeeaZbZciVgn hZXi^dcd[i]Z^ciZ\gViZY VccjVagZedgi# )% B6C6<>C<KDA6I>A:A67DJGG:A6I>DCH6C9?D78G:6I>DC I]Z\gdjeÉh]dbZbVg`Zid[Hdji]6[g^XVZmeZg^ZcXZY ZmigZbZaVWdjgkdaVi^a^in!^cXajY^c\hdbZ^cX^YZcihd[k^daZci VcYXg^b^cVaVXi^dchYg^kZcWnYZbVcYh[dglV\Z^cXgZVhZh VcYVYY^i^dcVa_dWXgZVi^dc!VhlZaaVhhdbZeda^i^XVa bdi^kVi^dc#AVWdjggZaVi^dchVih^iZh]VkZWZXdbZbdgZ XdbeaZm!l^i]bjai^eaZgdjiZhd[Xdbbjc^XVi^dcYjZid X]Vc\Zh^ci]Zjc^dcZck^gdcbZci!l^i]VcjbWZgd[ VYY^i^dcVa^cZmeZg^ZcXZYjc^dchidZc\V\Zl^i]VcYXadhZg \dkZgcbZci^ckdakZbZci^c`ZnejWa^XhZXidgXdcigVXih! hjX]VhedlZghiVi^dch#6c^cXgZVh^c\cjbWZgd[hig^`Zh VgZjcegdiZXiZY# Id\Zi]Zgl^i]djgXa^Zcih!lZVgZiV`^c\V[^gbhiVcXZ idYZVal^i]jcgjanVcYjcegdiZXiZYaVWdjgjcgZhiVcY VhhdX^ViZYXdbbjc^inVXi^k^hb!Vhi]^h^hVbViZg^Vag^h` idi]ZhV[Zind[djgZbeadnZZhVcYidi]ZYZa^kZgnd[aVg\Z! bV^canejWa^XhZXidgXdcigVXih# LZXdci^cjZidZc\V\Zl^i]djgZbeadnZZhVcYi]Z Xdbbjc^i^ZhVgdjcYdjgdeZgVi^dchidhjeedgi_dWXgZVi^dc VcYYZkZadebZciV\V^chii]ZcZZYhd[i]ZdeZgVi^dch! l^i]V`Zn[dXjhdc/ ^ciZgcVaegdbdi^dch ZbeadnZZgZXd\c^i^dc^c^i^Vi^kZh igV^c^c\VcYYZkZadebZci[dg[jijgZXVgZZgegd\gZhh^dc igV^c^c\d[jch`^aaZYbZbWZghd[i]ZXdbbjc^inid Zc]VcXZh`^aahYZkZadebZci^ci]ZVgZVh^cl]^X]lZldg` gZhdjgX^c\d[XdcigVXihl^i]^cY^k^YjVah[gdbi]Z Xdbbjc^i^Zhl]ZgZlZdeZgViZ!Vh[VgVhedhh^WaZ >emZem[c[Wikh[j^_i5 BWXekhlebWj_b_jo BVcYVnhadhi Jc^dcbZbWZgh]^eh GZ[ZgideV\Z)&[dg eZg[dgbVcXZV\V^chi djgbZVhjgZh# @eXYh[Wj_edWdZZ[l[befc[dj >ciZgcVaegdbdi^dch 6heVgid[djgZbeadnZZkVajZegdedh^i^dc!i]Z\gdje Vhe^gZhidegdk^YZXVgZZgVcYeZghdcVaYZkZadebZci deedgijc^i^ZhidVaadjgZbeadnZZh#6`ZnbZVhjgZd[ djghjXXZhh^hi]ZcjbWZgd[hZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci Veed^cibZcihbVYZ[gdbl^i]^ci]ZgVc`hd[djg ZbeadnZZh#-%djid[&%+,*d[i]ZXjggZci hZc^dgbVcV\ZbZciedh^i^dchVgZ]ZaYWnZbeadnZZh egdbdiZY[gdbl^i]^ci]Z\gdje# IgV^c^c\ IdiVaigV^c^c\heZcY^cXgZVhZYWn'&[gdb G(,!&b^aa^dcaVhinZVgidG)*!&b^aa^dc# 8dbbjc^in_dWXgZVi^dcegd\gVbbZh I]Z\gdjeÉhEZdeaZVii]Z<ViZ^c^i^Vi^kZlVhhiVgiZY ^c;'%%.VcY[dXjhZhdcZbeadnbZcid[adXVah`^aah VgdjcYdjgh^iZh#I]^hegd\gVbbZ]VhgZhjaiZY^c Vabdhi&-%%Xdbbjc^inbZbWZgh[gdbVgdjcYdjg h^iZhWZ^c\igV^cZY#D[i]ZhZ!.%lZgZZbeadnZYdc djgh^iZh!l^i]i]ZhZ_dWhbdhianWZ^c\i]ZXdbbjc^in bZbWZghÉ[^ghi[dgbVa_dWh# '& =dldjghiV`Z]daYZgh^beVXidjghigViZ\nXdci^cjZY *' 86E68>INID9:A>K:GDC8DCIG68IH 6hi]Z\gdje^h^cXgZVh^c\an^ckdakZY^cXdbeaZmVcYaVg\ZgXdcigVXih!hiV`Z]daYZghgZfj^gZXdc[^YZcXZi]Vii]Z\gdje]Vh i]ZXVeVX^inidYZa^kZg# LZVgZXjggZcianZmZXji^c\^cVbjX]bdgZXdbeZi^i^kZbVg`ZiV\V^chii]ZWVX`Ygded[hZkZgZh]dgiV\Zhd[`Znh`^aah! eVgi^XjaVgand[[i]Z[djg"nZVgYZXa^cZ^ci]Z^cYjhign[gdb'%%.!l^i]i]ZXdchZfjZci^Vaadhhd[VkV^aVWaZXdgZh`^aah^cVgZVh hjX]VhheZX^Va^hihjW"XdcigVXidgh# Djg\gdjehigViZ\nVahdY^gZXihi]VilZ_d^cikZcijgZl^i]iZX]c^XVaeVgicZghVcYWj^aYXVeVX^inidldg`Vhi]ZaZVY XdcigVXidgdcaVg\ZgXdcigVXih!\ZcZgVaan[dgbdgZiZX]c^XValdg`^cX]dhZchZXidgh#6hbZVhjgZYWni]Z\gdjeÉh egd\gZhh^dcV\V^chi^ihhZXidgVcYbjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnhigViZ\n!lZ]VkZhjXXZhh[jaanbVYZegd\gZhh^cVYYgZhh^c\i]^h hiV`Z]daYZggZfj^gZbZci# >emZem[c[Wikh[j^_i5 9edjhWYjbeii#%fhe\_j#cWa[hhWj_e 8dcigVXiadhh"$egd[^i"bV`ZggVi^d <(&'* ;'%&( () &( ;'%&' ', I ]ZXdcigVXiadhh"$egd[^i"bV`ZggVi^d^hV`ZnbZVhjgZi]Z\gdjeVYdeiZYidbdc^idg^ihegd\gZhhidlVgYhXdci^cjdjh^begdkZbZci ^cXdcigVXiZmZXji^dc#>i^hVgVi^dd[adhh"bV`^c\kZghjhegd[^i"bV`^c\VXi^kZXdcigVXih!l^i]Vegd[^idgadhh\gZViZgi]VcG&%%%%%[dg i]ZnZVgbZVhjgZYWnkVajZ# I]^hhjhiV^cVW^a^in^cY^XVidg]VhWZZcZmiZgcVaanVhhjgZY[dgi]Z[^[i]nZVg^cVgdl#GZ[ZgeV\Z.(# :mXajY^c\B^YYaZ:VhiadhhZh!i]ZXdcigVXiadhh"$egd[^i"bV`ZggVi^dlVh&)# I]Z7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\hZ\bZcigZedgiZYVeaZVh^c\anadlXdcigVXiadhh"$egd[^i"bV`ZggVi^d!l]^X]YZbdchigViZh^ih VW^a^inidYZa^kZgXdcigVXiegd[^i^cVkZgnaZVcbVg\^cZck^gdcbZci#I]^hVahd^aajhigViZhi]ZhjXXZhhd[i]Z\gdjeÉh higViZ\nd[cdiW^YY^c\dciZcYZghl]^X]YdcdibZZii]Z\gdjeÉhg^h`VeeZi^iZ# I]Z8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\hZ\bZcigZedgiZYVlZV`ZgXdcigVXiadhh"$egd[^i"bV`ZggVi^d!l^i]V[ZlXdcigVXihgZfj^g^c\ XdggZXi^kZVXi^dc#GZ[ZgideV\Z,'#6ai]dj\]i]ZXdcigVXiadhh"$egd[^i"bV`ZggVi^d^cXgZVhZY^ci]ZnZVg!i]ZZhi^bViZY [^cVaedh^i^dcdcbdhiXdcigVXih^hhi^aaegd[^iVWaZ# :mXajY^c\dcZeVgi^XjaVganY^[[^XjaiXdcigVXi^c8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\l]^X]gZXdgYZYVadhh^ci]ZnZVg!i]ZXdcigVXi adhh"$egd[^i"bV`ZggVi^dldjaY]VkZWZZc&-# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) EaZVh^c\an!i]Z\gdjeÉhXdcigVXibVg\^cZc]VcXZggVi^dgZbV^ch^cZmXZhhd[i]ZXdcigVXibVg\^cVWhdgWZggVi^d# I]ZhZ^ciZgcVaanbdc^idgZYgVi^dh^cY^XViZi]ZZmiZciidl]^X]iZcYZgbVg\^chVgZZc]VcXZYdggZYjXZY# '' I[d_ehb[l[b[cfbeo[[jkhdel[h C[Wikh[e\ifWh[YWfWY_jo DjghZc^dgZbeadnZZijgcdkZg^h)!l]^X]^h adlZgi]Vc^cYjhigncdgbh#I]^hhiVW^a^in Vhh^hihjh^cYZkZade^c\hjXXZhhdgh^cVc ^cYjhignl]ZgZbZcidgh]^ed[ZbZg\^c\iVaZci ^hXg^i^XVa^cVYYgZhh^c\i]Zh`^aahh]dgiV\Z# I]Z\gdje]Vh^YZci^[^ZYi]^hVhVcVgZVd[lZV`cZhh!l^i]VgdjcY '%hZc^dgiZX]c^XVaedh^i^dchidWZ[^aaZYVXgdhhi]ZXajhiZghVcY hZ\bZcih#I]Z\gdje]Vh^beaZbZciZYViVaZcigZk^ZlegdXZhh Wdi]^ciZgcVaanVcYZmiZgcVaanidVYYgZhhi]^h#>i^hZmeZXiZYi]Vi i]ZhZgZhdjgXZhl^aaWZZbeadnZYYjg^c\;'%&*# *# 86E68>INID9:A>K:GDC8DCIG68IHXdci^cjZY 9b_[djYed\_Z[dY[_dj^[]hekf_dZ_YWj[ZXod[]ej_Wj[ZYedjhWYji0 <gdjeÉhigVYZY8dcigVXi^c\gZkZcjZ <(&'* ;'%&( Hc_bb_edi e\jhWZ[Z h[l[dk[ d[]ej_Wj[Z e\jhWZ[Z h[l[dk[ j[dZ[h[Z Gb^aa^dch 7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\ **)& )- ,) ('(+ '( ,, 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\ )-,& '/ .' ('&, '( ,, Egd_ZXih '-*' Å '&& &,&- ' .- :c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dc )(/- ) /- &&&& &' -- ')((. '. .( .'-' &- -' IdiVa8dcigVXi^c\gZkZcjZ d[igVYZY gZkZcjZ cZ\di^ViZY d[igVYZY gZkZcjZ iZcYZgZY 8dcigVXihl]ZgZi]Z\gdje^h^ck^iZYidhjWb^iVW^Y# :mXajY^c\DeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZgZkZcjZ# 6ai]dj\]i]ZnZVg"dc"nZVgeZgXZciV\Zd[gZkZcjZigVYZY[gdbcZ\di^ViZYXdcigVXihgZbV^chjcX]Vc\ZYVi&-!^i^h eaZVh^c\idcdiZi]Vii]ZhZ\bZcil^i]i]ZaVg\ZhigZkZcjZ^ci]Z[^cVcX^VanZVg^hVahdi]ZhZ\bZcil^i]i]Z]^\]Zhi eZgXZciV\Zd[cZ\di^ViZYXdcigVXih#CZ\di^ViZYXdcigVXih^c7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\ÉhgZkZcjZ^cXgZVhZY[gdb'( aVhinZVgid(,i]^hnZVg# >ca^cZl^i]iZcYZg^c\cdgbh[dgi]ZhZWjh^cZhhZh!i]ZaZkZad[cZ\di^ViZYXdcigVXihl^i]^cEgd_ZXihVcY:c\^cZZg^c\ 8dchigjXi^dcgZbV^chadl# 9b_[djYed\_Z[dY[_dj^[]hekf_dZ_YWj[ZXoWmWhZie\meham_j^h[f[WjYb_[dji0 <gdjeÉhigVYZY8dcigVXi^c\gZkZcjZ <(&'* ;'%&( Hc_bb_edi e\jhWZ[Z h[l[dk[ medm_j^ h[f[Wj Yb_[dji e\jhWZ[Z h[l[dk[ medm_j^ d[mYb_[dji 7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\ **)& ++ 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\ )-,& Egd_ZXih :c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dc IdiVa8dcigVXi^c\gZkZcjZ Gb^aa^dch d[igVYZY gZkZcjZ ldcl^i] gZeZVi Xa^Zcih d[igVYZY gZkZcjZ ldcl^i] cZlXa^Zcih *+ ('(+ ,% (% /, * ('&, .. & '-*' (, -* &,&- ), *( )(/- */ +' &&&& +' (- ')((. ,' )/ .'-' ,* '* :mXajY^c\DeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZgZkZcjZ# I]Z8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\hZ\bZciXdci^cjZhidigVYZl^i]^ihigVY^i^dcVaXa^ZciWVhZ!l^i]dcanVha^\]iY^kZgh^[^XVi^dc ^ci]ZnZVg# I]ZYZXgZVhZ^ci]ZgZeZViXa^Zcildg`^ci]ZEgd_ZXihhZ\bZcilVhYjZidi]ZhZ\bZcihZXjg^c\VYY^i^dcVa Hdji]6[g^XVcgZkZcjZVcYhZXjg^c\cZlXa^Zcih[daadl^c\[jgi]ZgY^kZgh^[^XVi^dc^cidcZlgZ\^dch# I]Z:c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dchZ\bZcigZkZcjZ^cXajYZYgZkZcjZdci]Z[djggZcZlVWaZZcZg\nXdcigVXih^c Hdji]6[g^XV!l]^X]gZegZhZciZYVcZlXa^ZciWVhZ[dgi]ZhZ\bZciVcYi]Z\gdje# '( %& NZVgjcYZg h[l_[m I]Z\gdje[VXZYi]ZXdci^cjVi^dcd[VbdgZY^[[^Xjai deZgVi^c\Zck^gdcbZcii]VcZmeZXiZYYjZidi]Z ^ciZch^ind[hZkZgVaZmiZgcVaVcY^ciZgcVa[VXidgh# '+ <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) =dldjghigViZ\nVhh^hiZYjhid YZa^kZgV\V^chidjgbViZg^Va^hhjZh ') +% ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVa eZg[dgbVcXZ '* NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl GZ[aZXi^c\dci]ZnZVgjcYZggZk^Zl!i]Z\gdje[VXZYi]Z Xdci^cjVi^dcd[VbdgZY^[[^XjaideZgVi^c\Zck^gdcbZci i]VcZmeZXiZYYjZidi]Z^ciZch^ind[hZkZgVaZmiZgcVa VcY^ciZgcVa[VXidgh#I]ZZmZXji^kZiZVblVhgZfj^gZY idgZ"eg^dg^i^hZgZhdjgXZheg^bVg^anidlVgYhVYYgZhh^c\ i]gZZ^ciZg"a^c`ZYbViZg^Va^hhjZh!l]^ahibV^ciV^c^c\ igVXi^dcidlVgYhi]Z\gdjeÉhadc\iZgbhigViZ\^XdW_ZXi^kZh VcYVX]^Zk^c\VXdbeZi^i^kZeZg[dgbVcXZ# B^`ZJeidc8]^Z[ZmZXji^kZd[[^XZg >emekhijhWj[]oWii_ij[Z kijeZ[b_l[hW]W_dijekh cWj[h_Wb_iik[i >cegZhZci^c\i]^h^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi!bVcV\ZbZci ViiZbeiZYidegdk^YZi]ZgZVYZgl^i]Vh^beaZgVcYbdgZ [dXjhZYYdXjbZcii]ViXjihidi]ZX]VhZd[i]ZWjh^cZhhd[ <gdje;^kZVcY]dli]Z\gdjeÉhdkZg"VgX]^c\higViZ\nVcY^ih Wjh^cZhhbdYZaVhh^hiZYjhidegdVXi^kZan^YZci^[nVcYYZVal^i] i]ZXjggZcikdaVi^a^in^cdjgZmiZgcVabVg`ZiVcYi]Z^beVXidc djg^ciZgcVaZck^gdcbZci# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) 6hdjia^cZYdceV\Zh&-id'(! lZ]VkZiV`ZcXVgZidegdeZgan ^YZci^[nVcYjcYZghiVcY hiV`Z]daYZgh!i]Z^ggdaZ^ci]Z YZ[^c^i^dcd[djghigViZ\nVcY i]Z^gVgZVhd[XdcXZgc# '+ LZVgZgZXd\c^hZY[dgdjgigVcheVgZcXn^cY^hXadhjgZVcYgZ\VgYdjgZc\V\ZbZcihl^i] `ZnhiV`Z]daYZgh!l]dYZiZgb^cZi]Z\gdjeÉhhjhiV^cVW^a^in!Veg^bVgngZhedch^W^a^ind[ i]ZWdVgYVcYi]ZZmZXji^kZ# J^[[b[lWj_ed d[djghiV`Z]daYZgWVhZ^ci]^h^ciZ\gViZY VccjVagZedgi]VhWZZcVkVajVWaZZmZgX^hZ[dgbVcV\ZbZciidWZiiZg jcYZghiVcYdjgY^kZghZVcYhdbZi^bZhXdc[a^Xi^c\gZhedch^W^a^i^Zh^c hVi^h[n^c\hiV`Z]daYZgYZbVcYh# I]Z^YZci^[^XVi^dcVcY^aajhigVi^dcd[i]ZbViZg^VabViiZghVgZjceVX`ZYdkZgi]ZcZmi [ZlhegZVYh#LZ]VkZV^bZYid\^kZi]ZgZVYZgVc^c"YZei]^aajhigVi^dcd[i]Z^cYjhign VcYi]Z\gdjeÉhdeZgVi^c\XdciZmi!VhlZaaVh]dllZbVcV\ZYidgZY^gZXidjggZhdjgXZh idZcVWaZi]Zedhi^c\d[Vhda^YgZhjai[dg;'%&)# 6hdjia^cZYdceV\Z&)!bVcnd[i]ZbViiZgh]^\]a^\]iZYVcYi]Z^c^i^Vi^kZh^beaZbZciZY l^aagZbV^cV[dXjh[dgi]ZnZVgV]ZVY!Vhi]ZdeZgVi^c\Zck^gdcbZcigZbV^chidj\]# I]ZgZVgZXdbeZi^c\YZbVcYh[gdbhiV`Z]daYZghid\gdll^i]^cVhiV\cVi^c\Hdji] 6[g^XVcZXdcdb^XXdciZmii]Vi^hZmeZg^ZcX^c\dkZg"XVeVX^inkZghjhVadc\ZgiZgbbdgZ Wjaa^h]djiadd`[dgi]ZgZhid[6[g^XVVcY:VhiZgc:jgdeZ# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl CWj[h_Wb_iik[ CWj[h_Wb_iik[ CWj[h_Wb_iik[ dcZ ild i]gZZ 8=6AA:C<>C< 8DC9>I>DCH>C DJG@:N B6G@:IH DE:G6I>DC6A>H>C< DJGHIG6I:<N ;JGI=:G B6IJG>IN>C H6;:IN8JAIJG: G:FJ>G:9 AVX`d[heZcY^ciVg\Zi \Zd\gVe]^ZhVcYheVgZ XVeVX^in^cdjg]dbZbVg`Zi d[Hdji]6[g^XV BVg`ZiXdcY^i^dchYjg^c\ i]ZnZVg DgYZgWdd` EgZhhjgZdcbVg\^ch GZfj^gZbZciidegZhZgkZ XVh] HZXidgVcY\Zd\gVe]^X Y^kZgh^in BVcV\^c\hV[Zin^cX^YZcih AVWdjgkdaVi^a^in!bV^can ^cdjg]dbZbVg`Zid[ Hdji]6[g^XV jai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnd[[Zg^c\ B ViXdcigVXiaZkZaVcYYZei] d[ZmeZg^ZcXZ^ciVg\Zi bVg`Zih 9ZkZade^c\Vccj^inZVgc^c\h higZVbh 8VeVX^inWj^aY^c\VcY ^ciZgcVa[^icZhh ', C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY 8dcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`ZihlZgZX]VaaZc\^c\Yjg^c\i]ZnZVg!l^i]VaVX`d[heZcY^c djgiVg\Zi\Zd\gVe]^ZhVcYXdci^cjZYheVgZXVeVX^inVcYaVWdjgkdaVi^a^in^cdjg]dbZ bVg`Zid[Hdji]6[g^XV# ?dl[ijc[djiWdZ 9edY[ii_edi AVX`d[heZcY ^ciVg\Zi \Zd\gVe]^ZhVcY heVgZXVeVX^in ^cHdji]6[g^XV BVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch Yjg^c\i]ZnZVg DgYZgWdd` EgZhhjgZdcbVg\^ch Hdji]6[g^XV GZfj^gZbZciid egZhZgkZXVh] Iekj^7\h_YWh[fh[i[dj[Z -,$*e\]hekfh[l[dk[ Zkh_d]j^[o[Wh ,+#) BVg`ZiYncVb^Xh^cXajYZY/ <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) '- > cXgZVhZYkdaVi^a^inYjZid/ Ä JcXZgiV^cinVgdjcYcVi^dcVa \dkZgcbZciZaZXi^dch Ä H^\c^[^XVciaVWdjgjcgZhi^c bVcnhZXidgh Ä 8dci^cjZYaVX`d[igVXi^dc^c aVg\Z"hXVaZejWa^X^c[gVhigjXijgZ Ä 6lZV`GVcY Ä >cXgZVhZY[jZaVcYZaZXig^X^in eg^XZh I ]Zg^h`d[VXdjcignXgZY^i Ydlc\gVYZ!gZhjai^c\^cV hadlYdlc^cVXi^k^i^ZhWnWdi] ejWa^XVcYeg^kViZdg\Vc^hVi^dch JH7DIFEHJ 6Xi^k^in[gdbi]ZHdji] 6[g^XVcCVi^dcVaGdVYh6\ZcXnH6CG6A ]VhhadlZYhdbZl]Vi!l^i]bdgZ XdbeZi^i^kZeg^X^c\#=dlZkZg!V\V^chi h^\c^[^XVciejWa^XcZ\Vi^k^in^ci]ZeVhi! eda^Xnhjeedgi[dggdVYidaa^c\VeeZVghid WZbdgZedh^i^kZ#I]Z\gdjeÉhigVchedgi" [dXjhZYWjh^cZhh>ciZgidaaXdci^cjZhid egdk^YZhZgk^XZhidi]ZbVijgZH6CG6A 8dbegZ]Zch^kZIdaaGdVYDeZgVi^dchVcY BV^ciZcVcXZ8IGDBbVg`Zi^cHdji] 6[g^XV#I]^hbVg`Zi^hXjggZcianh]dl^c\ a^b^iZY\gdli]deedgijc^i^Zh!id\Zi]Zg l^i]hdbZaVWdjgkdaVi^a^inVcY deZgVi^dcVaegd_ZXig^h`h# H;7B;IJ7J; I]ZgZ]VhWZZc ^cXgZVhZYVXi^k^in^caVg\ZWj^aY^c\gZVa ZhiViZ[dgXdgedgViZhVcYgZiV^a!Vai]dj\] XdchigjXi^dcbVg\^chgZbV^ci]^c#7Vc`h Xdci^cjZidWZgZajXiVciid[jcY Zcign"aZkZa]djh^c\#=dlZkZg!i]Z egdheZXi[dghZXjg^c\XdgZVcX]dg XdbbZgX^Vadg^cYjhig^VaiZcVcih^c hjeedgid[egdeZginYZkZadebZciegd_ZXih ]Vh^begdkZY# ?D<H7IJHK9JKH; :;L;BEFC;DJI Dc\d^c\ejWa^X hZXidgYZaVnh^ci]Z^beaZbZciVi^dcd[ ejWa^Xeg^kViZeVgicZgh]^eEEEegd_ZXih! id\Zi]Zgl^i]^cXgZVhZYXdhid[egd_ZXi [^cVcXZ!gZhjaiZY^cegd_ZXiV[[dgYVW^a^in VcY[^cVcX^VaXadhjgZX]VaaZc\Zh# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl ;d]_d[[h_d] 9edijhkYj_ed;!9 CWdk\WYjkh_d] 9edijhkYj_ed FEM;H I]Zgdaadjid[i]ZGZcZlVWaZ 8K?B:?D=7D:>EKI?D= 9jZid :cZg\n>cYZeZcYZciEdlZgEgdYjXZg EgdXjgZbZciEgd\gVbbZG:>EEWni]Z 9ZeVgibZcid[B^cZgVahVcY:cZg\n 9B:lVh^beaZbZciZY!l^i]egd_ZXih [gdbL^cYdl&VcY'^cegd\gZhh# L^cYdl(^h^cegZ[ZggZYW^YYZghiV\Z VcYL^cYdl)ÉhXadh^c\YViZ]Vh idWZXdc[^gbZY#6hi]ZgZcZlVWaZ egd\gVbbZViigVXiZY^ciZgcVi^dcVa ViiZci^dc!i]^hbVg`Zi]VhWZXdbZbdgZ XdbeZi^i^kZ#IVg^[[hVlVgYZYWni]Z9B: VgZVahdZmeZXiZYidYZXgZVhZ^ci]Z Xdb^c\gdjcYd[VlVgYh!l^i][jijgZ VlVgYhidWZaZhhViigVXi^kZidZc\^cZZg! egdXjgZVcYXdchigjXi:E8eaVnZgh# 6cZlgdjcYd[XdVa^cYZeZcYZci edlZgegdYjXZgegd_ZXih>EEhh^b^aVg idi]ZgZcZlVWaZejWa^Xeg^kViZ eVgicZgh]^ehEEEhlVhaVjcX]ZYWni]Z 9D:#A^b^iZY>EEegd_ZXihlZgZegZhZci ^ci]ZbVg`Zi^ci]ZXjggZcinZVg! Vai]dj\]hZkZgVa^cYjhig^VaVcYb^c^c\ Xd"\ZcZgVi^dcegd_ZXihVgZjcYZg YZkZadebZci# ZmigZbZXdbeZi^i^dcVcYheVgZXVeVX^in ^ci]ZWj^aY^c\bVg`Zi^cHdji]6[g^XV! bVg\^chVXgdhhi]Z^cYjhign]VkZWZZc jcYZgegZhhjgZ[dghdbZi^bZ#9jg^c\ i]ZnZVg!VhbVaa^begdkZbZci^ciZcYZg bVg\^chlVhhZZc!VhhdbZkdajbZ gZijgcZYidi]ZjeeZgZcYd[i]ZbVg`Zi VcY^ci]ZejWa^XVcYeg^kViZ]ZVai]XVgZ hZXidg#HZkZgVaadXVaEEEh!l]^X]lZgZ ZmeZXiZYidXdbbZcXZYjg^c\i]ZnZVg! Xdci^cjZidWZYZaVnZY# E?B7D:=7I I]Zd^aVcY\Vh bV^ciZcVcXZbVg`ZigZbV^cZYVXi^kZ! l^i]d^abV_dghhjX]VhH]Zaa!:c\Zc! HVhda!8]ZkgdcVcYEZigdH6gZfj^g^c\ VXi^kZbV^ciZcVcXZ!h]jiYdlcVcY ijgcVgdjcYldg`#6G)%W^aa^dc egd\gVbbZidje\gVYZHdji]6[g^XVÉhd^a gZ[^cZg^ZhidegdYjXZXaZVcZg[jZalVh YZaVnZY!l^i]VXi^k^ina^`Zan^ci]ZcZmi ildnZVgh#AVWdjgegdYjXi^k^inYjZid ^cYjhig^VaVcYXdbbjc^inVXi^dc ^beVXiZYhdbZXdcigVXih^ci]^hbVg`Zi# DK9B;7H I]ZHdji]6[g^XVc \dkZgcbZciVccdjcXZY^ihhjeedgi[dgV cjXaZVgWj^aYegd\gVbbZ^ci]Z;ZWgjVgn '%&)hiViZd[i]ZcVi^dcVYYgZhh!l^i]i]Z cZlb^c^hiZgd[i]Z9B:ZmegZhh^c\]Zg hjeedgi[dgcjXaZVgZcZg\n#I]ZgZaZVhZ d[i]ZjeYViZY>ciZ\gViZYGZhdjgXZEaVc aViZg^c'%&)^hZmeZXiZYid[ZVijgZV cjXaZVgWj^aYegd\gVbbZ!l^i][^ghi edlZgiVg\ZiZY[dg'%'*# <?8H;9;C;DJ Djg;^WgZ8ZbZci Wjh^cZhh:kZg^iZZmeZg^ZcXZYVkZgn haj\\^h]Hdji]6[g^XVcbVg`ZiYjZid Y^b^c^h]ZYXdchjbZgheZcY^c\!VhlZaa VhbdgZXdbeZi^i^dc^ci]ZY^hig^Wjidg bVg`ZiYjZid^bedgihVcYi]Z^cXgZVhZY jhZd[hjWhi^ijiZegdYjXih#6hHdji] 6[g^XV]Vh]^\]^cejiVcYaVWdjgXdhih! di]ZgYZkZade^c\Xdjcig^Zhl^i] XdbeVgVWanlZV`XjggZcX^ZhVgZVWaZid WZbdgZXdbeZi^i^kZ# >cdjg6YkVcXZY7j^aY^c\IZX]cdad\^Zh 67IbVg`Zi!\dkZgcbZci^h^cXgZVh^c\an hjeedgi^kZd[^cigdYjX^c\^ccdkVi^kZ Wj^aY^c\iZX]cdad\^Zh# 9EDIJHK9J?EDIJ;;B Djg XdchigjXi^dchiZZaWjh^cZhh7G>hVl kZgnY^hVeed^ci^c\bVg`ZiVXi^k^in^ci]Z Hdji]6[g^XVcWj^aY^c\hZXidg!l^i] bVg`ZidkZg"XVeVX^inVcYV\\gZhh^kZ XdbeZi^i^dc!l]^X]gZhjaiZY^ckZgn i]^cbVg\^ch# IJ;;BF?F; DjghiZZae^eZWjh^cZhh <gdje;^kZE^eZ^hZmeZg^ZcX^c\ ^cXgZVhZYdgYZghWVhZYdci]ZejWa^X gZXd\c^i^dcWn\dkZgcbZcii]ViVlViZg Xg^h^h^haddb^c\^cHdji]6[g^XV# I]Z]djh^c\bVg`ZigZbV^chV h^\c^[^XVcideedgijc^in[dgi]Z\gdje# =dlZkZg!i]ZgZVgZXdci^cjZYYZaVnh^c VYYgZhh^c\i]Z[jcY^c\VcYWjgZVjXgVi^X egdXZhhZhgZfj^gZYidVYYgZhhi]Z WVX`ad\d[ejWa^X]djh^c\^cHdji] 6[g^XV#6ai]dj\]b^c^c\]djhZhhiVgiZY heZcY^c\idVYYgZhhi]ZgZfj^gZbZciid ^begdkZi]Z^gZbeadnZZ]djh^c\!i]Z aVWdjgkdaVi^a^in^ci]ZhZXidggZhjaiZY^c hdbZYZaVnh# 9?L?B;D=?D;;H?D= I]ZX^k^a Zc\^cZZg^c\bVg`ZiXdci^cjZhidWZ hZkZgZan^beVXiZY!l^i]a^b^iZYaVg\Z XdcigVXiVlVgYhVcYYZegZhhZYbVg\^ch# EjWa^XhZXidg^c[gVhigjXijgZgdaadji gZbV^cZYhadl!l^i][jcY^c\VcY ^beaZbZciVi^dcjcXZgiV^c#I]^haVX` d[igVXi^dcXdchigV^cZY\gdli]^c bjX]"cZZYZYeg^bVgnejWa^XhZXidg ^c[gVhigjXijgZ!l]^X]^cijgcXdchigV^cZY \gdli]^ci]Zeg^kViZhZXidg# FHE@;9JI Djih^YZd[i]ZbV_dg bZX]Vc^XVaVcYZaZXig^XValdg`h^c egd\gZhhdci]Z:h`dbedlZghiVi^dch! i]Z]ZVkneaVciXdchigjXi^dcbVg`Zi ^cHdji]6[g^XV^hjcYZgegZhhjgZ# I]ZbVg`ZihVlh^\c^[^XVcihadlYdlc^c b^c^c\!V[[ZXi^c\eg^kViZhZXidgXdcigVXi VlVgYh#8dci^cjZYaVWdjgkdaVi^a^in V[[ZXiZYi]Zgjcc^c\d[ejWa^XhZXidg XdcigVXih!l^i]a^b^iZYVlVgYh^ci]Z eZg^dY# '. C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY AVX`d[heZcY ^ciVg\Zi \Zd\gVe]^ZhVcY heVgZXVeVX^in ^cHdji]6[g^XV BVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch Yjg^c\i]ZnZVg DgYZgWdd` EgZhhjgZdcbVg\^ch GZfj^gZbZciid egZhZgkZXVh] BVg`ZiYncVb^XhYjg^c\i]ZnZVg ^cXajYZY/ I]ZdkZgVaa\gdli]gViZ^chjW"HV]VgVc 6[g^XVZmXZZYhi]Vid[bdhidi]Zg gZ\^dchldgaYl^YZ!Yg^kZcWnZmeVcY^c\ ZXdcdb^XVXi^k^i^ZhVcYjgWVc^hVi^dc# &.#- GZhid[6[g^XV J^[h[ije\7\h_YW h[fh[i[dj[Z'/$.e\]hekf h[l[dk[Zkh_d]j^[o[Wh 9 ZXgZVhZYXdbbdY^inYZbVcY! l]^X]gZhjaiZY^chdbZhadlYdlc ^cb^c^c\ZmeZcY^ijgZl^i]^c i]Zeg^kViZ6[g^XVchZXidg!l^i] hdbZZmXZei^dchl]ZgZi]Z \gdjeÉhgZejiVi^dc[dgYZa^kZgn lVhgZlVgYZYl^i]hZkZgVa aVg\ZXdcigVXih A VX`d[VlVgYd[ejWa^X ^c[gVhigjXijgZXdcigVXih > cXgZVhZY^ciZgcVi^dcVaXdbeZi^i^dc Wn\adWVaeaVnZgh <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) (#- (% BVg`ZiYncVb^XhYjg^c\i]ZnZVg ^cXajYZY/ :VhiZgc:jgdeZ ;Wij[hd;khef[ h[fh[i[dj[Z)$.e\]hekf h[l[dk[Zkh_d]j^[o[Wh 6 c^cXgZVh^c\VeeZi^iZ^ci]ZgZ\^dc [dgi]ZejWa^Xeg^kViZeVgicZgh]^e$ XdcXZhh^dch^c[gVhigjXijgZbdYZa! l]^X]ViigVXiZYXdbeZi^i^dcVcY gZhjaiZY^chdbZXdbeZi^idgh VXXZei^c\bViZg^Vaan]^\]Zgg^h`VcY adlZggZijgchViaZkZahl]^X]VgZ cdihjhiV^cVWaZ^ci]Zadc\iZgb ^cXgZVh^c\anZmeVcY^cidi]ZgZhid[6[g^XV idVXXZhhi]Zh^\c^[^XVcid^aVcY\Vh deedgijc^i^Zh^cXdjcig^ZhhjX]Vh BdoVbW^fjZ# 9edijhkYj_ed JH7DIFEHJ 6[g^XVc\gdli] DK9B;7H DjgcjXaZVgWjh^cZhh^h 8K?B:?D=7D:>EKI?D= 6ai]dj\] deedgijc^i^ZhVgZZcXdjgV\^c\#=dlZkZg! ^ciZgcVi^dcVaXdbeZi^idgZcignXdci^cjZh id^cXgZVhZ# dcan[dXjhZYdcHdji]6[g^XV# i]ZWj^aY^c\VcY]djh^c\bVg`Zi^h \gdl^c\!i]ZgZ^hcdinZiV]j\ZkdajbZ d[ldg`#I]Z\gdje^h[dXjh^c\dci]Z eg^kViZbVg`Zi^cLZhi6[g^XVeg^cX^eVaan <]VcVVcYC^\Zg^V!VhlZaaVhhdbZ deedgijc^i^Zh^cBdoVbW^fjZ!OVbW^V VcYO^bWVWlZ#I]ZejWa^XhZXidg^hcdi VhViigVXi^kZYjZidhdkZgZ^\cg^h`# I]ZEEEbVg`Zil^aaXdci^cjZidWZ YZkZadeZY!l^i]bZY^jbidadc\iZgb ediZci^Va# H;7B;IJ7J; I]Z`Zn[dXjh^cdjg gZVaZhiViZWjh^cZhh^hdci]Zeg^kViZ hZXidg!l^i]hZaZXi^kZVhhZhhbZcid[EEE deedgijc^i^Zh#8dbbZgX^Va$gZiV^agZVa ZhiViZbVg`Zih^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XVVgZ YZkZade^c\!l^i]VXi^k^inhjeedgiZYWn Hdji]6[g^XVcgZiV^aZgh!WVc`hVcY YZkZadeZgh# ?D<H7IJHK9JKH; :;L;BEFC;DJI 6ai]dj\]i]ZgZ^h h^\c^[^XVciYZWiVcYZfj^inegd_ZXi[^cVcXZ VkV^aVWaZ^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV!YZkZade^c\ XdcigVXihVcYbViX]^c\[jcYhVkV^aVWaZ idVeegdeg^ViZanhigjXijgZYWVc`VWaZ egd_ZXihXdci^cjZhidWZX]VaaZc\^c\# ;d]_d[[h_d] 9edijhkYj_ed;!9 FEM;H EdlZgbVg`ZihVgZWZXdb^c\ XdbeZi^i^kZdkZg"WdgYZg!l^i]VcjbWZgd[ [dgZ^\ceaVnZghVXXZhh^c\i]ZhZbVg`Zih YjZidi]ZhadlYdlcVcYgZXZhh^dch^c i]Z^gdlc]dbZbVg`Zih#I]ZgZ^hhdbZ ^beZijhWZ^c\\V^cZY!Vai]dj\]i]ZhZ XdcigVXih]VkZadc\YZkZadebZci i^bZ[gVbZhd[ViaZVhiildnZVgh# E?B7D:=7I Djgd^aVcY\Vh Wjh^cZhh^hXjggZciandcan[dXjhZYdc Hdji]6[g^XV#=dlZkZg!i]ZWjh^cZhhl^aa CWdk\WYjkh_d] <?8H;9;C;DJ 6[g^XVcbVg`Zih h]dl\ddYediZci^Va[dgWj^aY^c\ bViZg^Vah#Djg;^WgZ8ZbZciWjh^cZhh :kZg^iZÉhZmedgigZkZcjZedgi^dc^h XjggZcian+#LZ]VkZVgZcZlZY[dXjh dci]ZZmedgibVg`Zi^cHdji]Zgc6[g^XV! VhlZaaVhc^X]ZdkZghZVhdeedgijc^i^Zh# 9EDIJHK9J?EDIJ;;B Djg XdchigjXi^dchiZZaWjh^cZhh7G>^h eg^bVg^an[dXjhZYdcHdji]6[g^XV!l^i] Zmedgihd[XdbbdY^inlZaYbZh]VcY higV^\]iaZc\i]hidHdji]Zgc6[g^XVc Xdjcig^Zhi]gdj\]adXVaV\Zcih#7G>]Vh hjeea^ZYgZ^c[dgX^c\hiZZadcVhjeean" dcanWVh^hid^ciZgcVadkZg"WdgYZg XdcigVXih^cegZk^djhnZVgh# IJ;;BF?F; DjghiZZae^eZWjh^cZhh <gdje;^kZE^eZ^hdcan[dXjhZYdc Hdji]6[g^XV!l]ZgZi]ZlViZgbVg`Zi ^hYZkZade^c\#LZYdXdci^cjVaanVhhZhh cZ^\]Wdjg^c\Xdjcig^ZhÉlViZge^eZ deedgijc^i^ZhVcYWVhZYdci]Zhjeean X]V^cXdhihdghXVaZd[i]ZXdcigVXi!lZ ldjaYZkVajViZhjeean[gdbdjg[VXidgn dgi]Zedhh^W^a^ind[ZhiVWa^h]^c\XZgiV^c bVcj[VXijg^c\Zfj^ebZci^ci]Z [dgZ^\cXdjcign# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl ?dl[ijc[djiWdZ 9edY[ii_edi 9?L?B;D=?D;;H?D=7D: FHE@;9JI L]^ahii]Z\ZcZgVa6[g^XVc b^c^c\hZXidghadlZY!\adWVaZXdcdb^X \gdli]^hhZiid^begdkZ!l]^X]h]djaY WZcZ[^ii]ZhZWjh^cZhhZh^ci]ZbZY^jb iZgb#>ci]Zh]dgiiZgb!i^b^c\d[ XdcigVXiVlVgYhl^aaXdci^cjZidWZ jcXZgiV^c# EjWa^XhZXidgXdcigVXideedgijc^i^Zh[dg X^k^aZc\^cZZg^c\VgZcjbZgdjh!Vai]dj\] i]ZgZlVhkZgna^iiaZigVXi^dc^cXdcigVXi VlVgYh^ci]ZXjggZcinZVg# I]Zi]gZVid[:VhiZgcXdbeZi^i^dc^ci]Z gZhid[6[g^XV^hgZVa!eVgi^XjaVganl]ZgZ hdjgXZhd[[^cVcXZdg^ckZhibZci YZX^h^dchVgZWVhZY^ci]Z:Vhi# ?dl[ijc[djiWdZ 9edY[ii_edi JH7DIFEHJ >cXdbZ^ci]^hbVg`Zi^h YZg^kZY[gdbi]Z\gdjeÉhigVchedgi XdcXZhh^dch!]djhZY^c>ciZgidaa# <gdli]deedgijc^i^ZhVgZVkV^aVWaZ^c cZliZgg^idg^Zh!l]^X]gZfj^gZhjhid ZmiZcYdjg\Zd\gVe]^XgZVX]^cidcZl bVg`Zih[jgi]ZgZVhi^c:VhiZgc:jgdeZ! djih^YZd[djgigVY^i^dcVaEda^h]VcY =jc\Vg^VcbVg`Zih#CZlegd_ZXihVgZ WZ^c\Xdch^YZgZY^ci]Z7Va`VchiViZh! Gjhh^VVcYi]Z^gcZ^\]Wdjg^c\Xdjcig^Zh# (& C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY =dllZgZVXiZY/DgYZgWdd` AVX`d[heZcY ^ciVg\Zi \Zd\gVe]^ZhVcY heVgZXVeVX^in ^cHdji]6[g^XV BVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch Yjg^c\i]ZnZVg DgYZgWdd` EgZhhjgZdcbVg\^ch GZfj^gZbZciid egZhZgkZXVh] >beVXi 6ai]dj\]gZkZcjZ\gZlhigdc\anWVhZYdc egZk^djhanhZXjgZYdgYZgh!i]ZXjggZci dgYZgWdd`lVh^beVXiZYWni]ZaVX`d[ heZcY^cWdi]i]ZejWa^XVcYeg^kViZ hZXidg!Vadc\l^i]h^\c^[^XVciXdbeZi^i^dc VcYheVgZXVeVX^in^cVaai]Z\gdjeÉh \Zd\gVe]^Zh# I]ZdgYZgWdd`gZbV^chlZ^\]iZYidi]Z \gdjeÉhedh^i^dc^c\^cHdji]6[g^XVcgZVa ZhiViZVcYedlZgVlVgYh# I]Z\gdje^h^c[^gbcZ\diVi^dch[dg VcdkZg"WdgYZgXdcigVXil]^X]l^aa h^\c^[^XVcianZc]VcXZi]ZdgYZgWdd`# >[hjXXZhh[ja!igVY^c\l^aaXdbbZcXZ ^c;'%&*# 6Xi^dchiV`Zc ?dl[ijc[djiWdZ9edY[ii_edi LZ[dXjhZYdchZXjg^c\VYY^i^dcVaejgZ deZgVi^dchVcYbV^ciZcVcXZegd_ZXih^c Hdji]6[g^XVVcY:VhiZgc:jgdeZVcY ldci]ZBV\Va^ZhC)LZhi8IGDB iZcYZgjh^c\djgcZl^c"]djhZYZkZadeZY >ciZgidaaidaahnhiZb^cHdji]6[g^XV!Vh lZaaVhi]Z6)idaaeaVoVYZh^\cVcYWj^aY egd_ZXi^cEdaVcY#LZVeed^ciZY VYY^i^dcVagZhdjgXZh^ci]ZcZl:VhiZgc :jgdeZVcbVg`ZihlZVgZZmeadg^c\ VcYVgZVXi^kZanW^YY^c\dcVkVg^Zind[ egd_ZXihi]gdj\]dji:VhiZgc:jgdeZ# I]Z9?L?B;D=?D;;H?D=dgYZgWdd`! l]^X]]VhigVY^i^dcVaanWZiiZgbVg\^ch VcYadc\ZgiZgbXdcigVXih!lVh eVgi^XjaVganV[[ZXiZY# I]ZgZlVhhdbZ^begdkZbZci^ci]Z XdcigVXiVlVgYhhZXjgZYWni]Z FHE@;9JIWjh^cZhhYZhe^iZi]Z bVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch^cHdji]6[g^XVVcY i]ZgZhid[6[g^XV# I]Z<?8H;9;C;DJVcY 9EDIJHK9J?EDIJ;;BWjh^cZhhZh <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) lZgZ^beVXiZYWnadlZgkdajbZhYjZid i]ZadXVaZXdcdb^XhadlYdlc# (' Hdji]6[g^XVc9ED9;II?EDI deedgijc^i^ZhVgZa^b^iZYYjZid ^cYZX^h^kZcZhhdc\dkZgcbZcieda^Xn# CdXdcXZhh^dchdeedgijc^inlVh hZXjgZYYjg^c\i]ZnZVg#>ci]ZgZhi d[6[g^XV!Vai]dj\]cdXdcXZhh^dch deedgijc^inlVhhZXjgZY!i]Z\gdje egd\gZhhZYl^i]i]Z^beaZbZciVi^dc d[i]ZidaagdVYdeZgVi^c\hnhiZb ^chiVaaVi^dcVheVgid[djgE]VhZ& O^bWVWlZ>c[gVa^c`gdVYhXdcigVXi# >c:jgdeZ!lZXdci^cjZidYZkZade deedgijc^i^Zh^ccZliZgg^idg^Zhl]^X] VgZZmeZXiZYidgZhjai^ccZlXdcigVXih ^cildidi]gZZnZVghÉi^bZ# >ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV!Wn^ckZhi^c\^c gZhdjgXZhVcY^cdjgcZl^c"]djhZidaa hnhiZb!lZXdci^cjZideZg[dgblZaadc djgidaaXdcigVXi^cO^bWVWlZ#LZVahd ZmeVcYZYi]ZWjh^cZhhYZkZadebZci h`^aahhZiVcYVgZgZhdjgX^c\i]ZiZVb idYg^kZ6[g^XVciVg\ZiZYdeedgijc^i^Zh# I]ZZmeVch^dc]VhVaadlZYjhidWja` jedcdjgfjVa^in!hV[ZinVcYhnhiZb ^ciZ\gVi^dcgZhdjgXZh# >c>c[gVhigjXijgZ9ZkZadebZcih!lZ Xdci^cjZid[dXjhdcdjgVW^a^inidXadhZ eg^kViZan[jcYZYXdcigVXih^c6[g^XV! l]^X]^hVhigdc\Y^[[ZgZci^Vidg# >cEgdeZgin9ZkZadebZcih!kVg^djh egd_ZXibVg`Zi^c\^c^i^Vi^kZhgZhjaiZY^c hdbZ\gdli]^c6"\gVYZXdbbZgX^Va$ b^mZY"jhZegd_ZXih^cHdji]6[g^XV# I]ZYZkZadebZcid[VXdbbZgX^VaVcY d[[^XZXdbeaZm^c<]VcV^hjcYZglVn! l^i]i]Z\gdjeXjggZcianWZcZ[^i^c\[gdb YZkZadebZci[ZZ^cXdbZVcYXdchigjXi^dc bVg\^ch!l^i]ZmeZXiZYZfj^ingZijgch^c [jijgZnZVgh#>cVYY^i^dc!hdbZcZlHdji] 6[g^XVcYZkZadebZcihXdbbZcXZY^c 8VeZIdlcVcY?d]VccZhWjg\# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl 9_l_b;d]_d[[h_d] IdVYYgZhhi]ZadlaZkZad[VXi^k^in^ci]Z Hdji]6[g^XVcbVg`Zi!Yjg^c\i]ZaViiZg eVgid[i]Z[^cVcX^VanZVgi]ZhZ\bZci [dXjhZYdci]ZYZkZadebZcid[dkZg" WdgYZgldg`^ci]ZigVchedgiVcYb^c^c\ hZXidgh#I]^hVaadlZYi]ZhZ\bZciid igVYZVigZkZcjZaZkZahcdihZZch^cXZ '%&%#GZkZcjZYjg^c\i]ZnZVglVh YZg^kZY[gdbWdi]Hdji]6[g^XVVcYi]Z gZhid[6[g^XV#=dlZkZg!gZeaVXZbZcid[ i]Z[dglVgYdgYZgWdd`lVhlZV`Yjg^c\ i]ZnZVg!l]^X]^heaVX^c\egZhhjgZdci]Z hZ\bZci#6higdc\[jijgZe^eZa^cZd[ldg` ViiZcYZgdgegZ"iZcYZghiV\Zh]djaY[adl i]gdj\]^cidVlVgYh^c;'%&*# ;d]_d[[h_d]9edijhkYj_ed;!9 Djg]^hidg^X^ckZhibZciidedh^i^dc djghZakZh[dgi]ZgZcZlVWaZXdcigVXih^c Hdji]6[g^XVYZa^kZgZYgZijgch!l^i]i]Z hZXjg^c\d[[djggZcZlVWaZZcZg\n XdcigVXih^cL^cYdl&VcY'd[i]Z G:>EE#I]ZhZXdcigVXihXdcig^WjiZY hjWhiVci^Vaanidi]Z: 8dgYZgWdd`^c i]ZXjggZcinZVg#LZVahdYZkZadeZYV edh^i^dc^ccjXaZVg!l]^X]^hVagZVYn YZa^kZg^c\XdcigVXih#9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!lZ [dXjhZYdcYZkZade^c\WVc`VWaZedlZg XdcigVXih^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV# LZVgZi]ZaVg\Zhid^aVcY\Vh bV^ciZcVcXZegdk^YZg^cHdji]6[g^XV! l]^X]aZYidjhhZXjg^c\VYY^i^dcVa h]jiYdlcVcYbV^ciZcVcXZXdcigVXih# LZegdk^YZhZgk^XZhidVaabV_dgd^aVcY \VheaVnZgh^cHdji]6[g^XV# CWdk\WYjkh_d] LZVgZ[dXjh^c\dcdjghjeean ZmXZaaZcXZVcYheZZYd[YZa^kZgn!l^i]V XdbeaZbZciVgnWVh`Zid[egdYjXihi]Vi lZXdci^cjZidgZ[^cZ#LZVahdgZcZlZY djg[dXjhdci]ZZmedgibVg`Zi^c Hdji]Zgc6[g^XVVcYc^X]ZdkZghZVh deedgijc^i^Zh#:medgihVaZh^c;'%&) lZgZ+d[gZkZcjZ#67IlVhVlVgYZY Vcdi]Zgild"nZVgV\gZZbZciid hjeeaniZbedgVgnhigjXijgZh^ci]Z :VhiZgc8VeZ#>iVahdhjXXZhh[jaan XdbeaZiZY^ih[^ghiGZXdchigjXi^dc VcY9ZkZadebZciEgd\gVbbZiZcYZg jh^c\^ccdkVi^kZWj^aY^c\hnhiZbh! l]^X]gZhjaiZY^cVcdb^cVi^dc^ci]Z egdk^cX^Va<dkVcBWZ`^VlVgYh# 8k_bZ_d]WdZ>eki_d] ?d8k_bZ_d]"gZXZci VlVgYh^cXajYZi]ZBVaad[ 6[g^XV!YZhi^cZYidWZdcZd[ i]ZaVg\ZhigZiV^aXZcigZh^c 6[g^XV#I]^hbVaa^hh^ijViZY ^ci]ZLViZg[VaaYZkZadebZci ^c<VjiZc\# Fhe`[Yji LZVahdhZXjgZYild]dhe^iVah^c Hdji]6[g^XV!i]Z7de]Zadc\=dhe^iVa VcYCZahdcBVcYZaV8]^aYgZcÉh=dhe^iVa# I]ZhZXdcigVXih]VkZZchjgZYVb^md[ Wdi]ejWa^XVcYeg^kViZhZXidgXdcigVXih# DjgegZ[ZggZYXdcigVXidghiVijhVi LViZg[Vaa!V'*"nZVgYZkZadebZci^c <VjiZc\!egdk^YZhVWVhZadVYd[ XdchigjXi^dcgZkZcjZ!VaWZ^iVikZgn XdbeZi^i^kZbVg\^chVcYhjW_ZXiid YZa^kZgnVcYXVeVX^ingZk^Zlh# >c=djh^c\!lZVgZ[dXjhZYdci]Zb^cZ ]djh^c\bVg`Zi!bV^canl^i]^cHdji] 6[g^XV#LZhZXjgZYhdbZh^oZVWaZ XdcigVXihYjg^c\i]ZXjggZci[^cVcX^Va nZVg#I]^h!id\Zi]Zgl^i]V[dXjhdcdjg YZa^kZgnigVX`gZXdgYd[aVg\Z"hXVaZ ]djh^c\hX]ZbZhgVi]Zgi]VcW^YY^c\ Viadleg^XZhVii]ZadlZgZcYd[i]Z bVg`Zi!gZhjaiZY^caZhh!WjiaVg\Zg XdcigVXih!l^i]i]ZbV^ciZcVcXZd[ bVg\^cVcYVb^mWZilZZci]ZejWa^X VcYeg^kViZhZXidgh# I]ZhZ\bZciY^YcdihZXjgZVcn XdcigVXih^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV# 6\V^chiidj\]XdcY^i^dch^cHdji]6[g^XV VcYi]ZgZhid[6[g^XV!Egd_ZXihgZXZcian hZXjgZYhZkZgVaaVg\ZXdcigVXihWVhZY dc^ihigVX`gZXdgYVcYVW^a^inid XdchigjXiXdbeaZmeaVcihVcYldg`^c Y^[[^XjaiadXVi^dch# IjhWj[]_YFhe`[Yj:[l[befc[dji HigViZ\^XEgd_ZXi9ZkZadebZcihHE9 aZVYhbVg`ZiVcYXdcigVXiYZkZadebZci VcYi]ZhdjgX^c\VcYYZkZadebZcid[ ZheZX^VaanaVg\Zgbjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgn XdcigVXih#I]Z[^ghie]VhZV[iZgaVjcX]^c\ HE9Vii]ZZcYd[;'%&']VhWZZcheZci ^cVhhZhh^c\i]ZXdcigVXiVcY[^cVcX^c\ [adlh^ciVg\ZihZXidgh^chZaZXiZY iZgg^idg^Zh!^YZci^[n^c\`ZngdaZeaVnZghVcY ediZci^VacZlXa^Zcih^ci]ZhZbVg`Zih VcYegd\gZhh^c\i]ZZhiVWa^h]bZciVcY gZhdjgX^c\d[^ihaZVceZgbVcZci6[g^XVc egZhZcXZ#I]^h^cXajYZYi]ZVeed^cibZci d[adXVaXdjcignbVcV\Zgh# 6YY^i^dcVacdc"ZmZXji^kZWdVgYbZbWZgh lZgZVahdVeed^ciZYid[jgi]ZgVhh^hi 6[g^XVc\gdli]higViZ\^Zh# (( C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY =dlYdlZbZVhjgZ i]Z^beVXi4 AVX`d[heZcY ^ciVg\Zi \Zd\gVe]^ZhVcY heVgZXVeVX^in ^cHdji]6[g^XV BVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch Yjg^c\i]ZnZVg DgYZgWdd` EgZhhjgZdcbVg\^ch GZfj^gZbZciid egZhZgkZXVh] H[l[dk[jhWZ[Z_dj^[o[Wh <(&'* ;'%&( ^cXgZVhZ /&+ ,'. ') :c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dc )+(' &&,% '%% BVcj[VXijg^c\ '&)/ &%+& ' 8dchigjXi^dc //)' -&,& '' 7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\ **)& ('(+ (, 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\ )-,& ('&, &, Gb >ckZhibZcihVcY8dcXZhh^dch Egd_ZXih JejWb '-*' &,&- & '+)/, &&&(& (- IdiVagZkZcjZeZg\gdjehZ\bZciVagZedgi# 6\V^chilZV`bVg`Zih!lZbVcV\ZYid_dYh[Wi[h[l[dk[Xo).Zk[iddjg higdc\[dXjhdchZXjg^c\ldg`^ckVg^djhbVg`ZihhjX]VhgZcZlVWaZedlZg! d^aVcY\VhVcY6[g^XVcb^c^c\!VhlZaaVhedh^i^dc^c\djghZakZhidZmigVXi kVajZ[gdbYZkZadeZYgZaVi^dch]^eh!hjX]VhVii]ZLViZg[VaaYZkZadebZci^c <VjiZc\#6ai]dj\]i]^hhigViZ\ngZfj^gZY^ckZhibZciVcYYZkZadebZci^ceg^dg nZVgh!^iYZa^kZgZYgZijgch^ci]ZXjggZcinZVg# JejWb9edjhWYj_d]ehZ[hXeea @kd[ (&'* 9ZX '%&( ?jcZ '%&( '')-+ &&),& &%(*% 7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\ ,.)) ++(, *+&& 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\ (**( ((*, (*), Egd_ZXih ('&& &),, &&.' Gb <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) 8dchigjXi^dc () :c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dc JejWb ''-* '*)& (--( '(+*/ &)%&' &)'(( :miZgcVaanVhhjgZY#GZkZcjZidWZZmZXjiZY[gdb&?jan'%&)WVhZYdchZXjgZYXdcigVXihdcan! ^#Z#i]Z\gdjeÉh8dchigjXi^dcVcY:c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dcXdcigVXihhZXjgZYdgYZgWdd`# 9Zhe^iZlZV`bVg`Zih!7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\VcYEgd_ZXihlZgZVWaZidgZeaVXZi]Z^g igVYZYldg`VcYZkZc^begdkZYjg^c\i]ZnZVg#:c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dc^h^c[^gb cZ\di^Vi^dch[dgVcdkZg"WdgYZgXdcigVXi!l]^X]l^aah^\c^[^XVcian^cXgZVhZ^ihdgYZg Wdd`VcY\Zd\gVe]^XZmedhjgZ#>[hjXXZhh[ja!igVY^c\l^aaXdbbZcXZ^c;'%&*# I]Z8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\dgYZgWdd`gZbV^chV[dXjhYjZid^ihh]dgiYjgVi^dcVcYh^oZ# I]Z\gdjeÉhDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZDBigVYZYgZkZcjZVcY ^cYZeZcYZcian"VhhjgZYDBhZXjgZYdgYZgWdd`VgZXdciV^cZYdceV\Z*&# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl ;D8JH<D>C< ;DGL6G9 ;d]_d[[h_d]9edijhkYj_ed >cEdlZg!lZXdci^cjZid[dXjhdc ?dl[ijc[djiWdZ9edY[ii_edi >cHdji]6[g^XV!lZcZZYidVYYgZhh 8IGDBbVg`ZiX]VaaZc\ZhVcY gZ[^cZdjg^c"]djhZidaahnhiZbid WZ8IGDBXdbea^VciYjg^c\;'%&*$ ;'%&+!l]^X]l^aahjeedgihZXjg^c\ [jijgZegd_ZXihVcY[jgi]ZggZYjXZ djgg^h`h^cZmZXji^c\8IGDB XdcigVXih# >ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV!lZ l^aa[dXjhdci]Zgdaadji d[djgO^bWVWlZegd_ZXi VcYVX]^Zk^c\i]Z hZaZXi^dcVhegZ[ZggZY W^YYZgdcVcdi]Zg XdcXZhh^dchXdcigVXi ^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV# cWha[j effehjkd_j_[i! Vai]dj\]VlVgYhiV`Zi^bZ# >cD^aVcY<VhlZl^aa[dXjh^c Hdji]6[g^XV!VhlZaaVh ^beaZbZci^c\VcdkZg"WdgYZg \gdli]higViZ\n#>cCjXaZVg!lZ l^aa[dXjhdcdjghZXjgZYXdcigVXi Vi:h`dbÉh@dZWZg\eaVci!VhlZaa VhhZZ`^c\idhZXjgZVhZXdcY XdcigVXi!l]^ahi`ZZe^c\XadhZid YZkZadebZcih^ci]Z\dkZgcbZciÉh ÆCZl7j^aYÇegd\gVbbZ# CWdk\WYjkh_d] Djg;^WgZ8ZbZciWjh^cZhh :kZg^iZl^aaXdci^cjZidbVg`Zi idi]ZZcY"jhZgY^gZXianVcY i]gdj\]i]ZZhiVWa^h]ZYbZgX]Vci X]V^ch!VhlZaaVh[jgi]Zg _cfhel_d] [\\_Y_[dY_[i WdZ]hem_d] djgegZhZcXZ^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV# DjgXdchigjXi^dchiZZaWjh^cZhh 7G>l^aaXdci^cjZidbVcV\Z ZmigZbZanidj\]bVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch d[bjiZYYZbVcYVcY]^hidg^XVaan ^chiVaaZYZmXZhhXVeVX^ini]gdj\] djgXdhiaZVYZgh]^eedh^i^dc#>c djghiZZae^eZWjh^cZhh!lZl^aa [jgi]ZgZmeVcY^ciZgcVaXVeVX^in idhVi^h[nVc^cXgZVh^c\ bVg`ZiYZbVcY# >c:jgdeZ!lZl^aaXdci^cjZdjg \Zd\gVe]^XZmeVch^dc!l^i]i]Z V^bd[VX]^Zk^c\Vh^\c^[^XVcicZl XdcigVXi^cildidi]gZZnZVgh# 8k_bZ_d]WdZ>eki_d] >c7j^aY^c\!lZl^aa [dXjhdcXdcigVXih ^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV! ZheZX^VaangZiV^a YZkZadebZcih l]ZgZi]Z\gdje]VhWZZc Zmeadg^c\deedgijc^i^ZhVadc\h^YZ gZiV^aZghVcYYZkZadeZgh^cV[Zl hZaZXiZYiZgg^idg^Zhl]ZgZlZ]VkZ egZk^djhdeZgVi^c\ZmeZg^ZcXZ# >c=djh^c\!lZZmeZXiidhZZ \gdli][gdbi]ZZmZXji^dcd[i]Z Hdji]6[g^XVc\dkZgcbZciÉh cVi^dcVa]djh^c\egd\gVbbZ VcYi]ZadXVab^c^c\\gdjehÉ ^beaZbZciVi^dcd[i]ZgZk^hZY B^c^c\8]VgiZggZ\VgY^c\ ^begdkZYZbeadnZZ]djh^c\# =djh^c\l^aaVahdgZbV^c[dXjhZY dchZXjg^c\ldg`^ci]Z\gVYjVaan YZkZade^c\hdX^Va]djh^c\bVg`Zi i]gdj\]ZhiVWa^h]ZYhigViZ\^X eVgicZgh]^eh# 9_l_b;d]_d[[h_d] 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\h]djaY hZZ\gdli]deedgijc^i^Zh \ZcZgViZY[gdbi]ZYZaVnZY Hdji]6[g^XVc^c[gVhigjXijgZ egd\gVbbZ!Vai]dj\]i]Z [jcY^c\VcYi^b^c\hi^aa gZbV^cjcXZgiV^c#I]ZgZhid[ 6[g^XVd[[ZghbZY^jbidadc\iZgb \gdli][gdbb^c^c\!edlZg!d^a VcY\VhVcYigVchedgihZXidg deedgijc^i^Zh#=dlZkZg!h]dgi iZgbeZg[dgbVcXZ^hYZeZcYZci dcVX]^Zk^c\\ddYZmZXji^dc! [dXjh^c\dchjeedgi^c\`ZnXa^Zcih VcYldg`^c\l^i]i]Z\gdjeÉh HE9iZVb# Fhe`[Yji 7bj^ek]^jhWZ_j_edWb 7\h_YWdc_d_d] cWha[jiibem[Z" j^[ehZ[hXeea mWiikijW_d[Z e\\Wh[fkjWj_ed jeZ[b_l[h$ >cVYY^i^dc!Vhi]ZhZ\bZci^hV \ZcZgVaeaVciZgZXidg!^ihh`^aah XVch]^[iWZilZZchZXidgh^c hjeedgid[i]Z\gdjeÉhl^YZg higViZ\^X[dXjhVgZVh# (* C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY =dllZgZVXiZY/EgZhhjgZdcbVg\^ch AVX`d[heZcY ^ciVg\Zi \Zd\gVe]^ZhVcY heVgZXVeVX^in ^cHdji]6[g^XV BVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch Yjg^c\i]ZnZVg >beVXi 6ai]dj\]lZYdcdiiZcYZgdcXdcigVXihi]ViYdcdibZZidjgbVg\^c!XVh]VcYgZijgc iVg\ZihidgZYjXZi]Zg^h`d[deZgVi^c\VcYXVh]adhhXdcigVXih!i]Zadc\Zgi]VcZmeZXiZY idj\]bVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch^cVaadjg\Zd\gVe]^ZhXdci^cjZYid^beVXibVg\^ch^cbVcnd[i]Z \gdjeÉhhZ\bZcih# DgYZgWdd` EgZhhjgZdcbVg\^ch GZfj^gZbZciid egZhZgkZXVh] 6Xi^dchiV`Zc IdegdiZXidgZc]VcXZi]ZbVg\^ch hZXjgZYdcZVX]XdcigVXi!lZ[dXjhZYdc/ <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) W ^YhZaZXi^dcXg^iZg^VVcYg^h` egdXZhhZh (+ ZmZXji^dc Djg^ciZgcVa[^icZhhegd\gVbbZ XdbeaZiZY^c;'%&)XgZViZYaZVc [^cVcX^Va!g^h`VcYXdbbZgX^VahigjXijgZh ^cYZeZcYZcid[Wjh^cZhhhZ\bZci deZgVi^dchid^cigdYjXZVYZfjViZaZkZah d[hZ\gZ\Vi^dcd[Yji^ZhVcYbdc^idg^c\ Xdcigdah# eg^X^c\VcYZhi^bVi^c\VXXjgVXn XdjciZgeVging^h`h hjeeanX]V^cXdhih I]^hgZfj^gZYjhidWZXg^i^XVa^ciZgbh d[VhhZhh^c\iZcYZghVcYWVaVcX^c\ i]ZYZX^h^dcWZilZZcg^h`kZghjh ji^a^h^c\VkV^aVWaZ^ciZgcVaXVeVX^inVcY VX]^Zk^c\VYZfjViZgZijgch# :[if_j[ i]ZheVgZ ?dXk_bZ_d]" gZXZci XVeVX^inVcYXdbeZi^i^dc!i]Z VlVgYh^cXajYZi]ZBVaad[ \gdjelVhVWaZid!l^i]i]Z 6[g^XV!YZhi^cZYidWZdcZd[ ZmXZei^dcd[8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\! i]ZaVg\ZhigZiV^aXZcigZh^c YZa^kZgdc^ihXdbb^iiZY 6[g^XV#I]^hbVaa^hh^ijViZY jcYZgan^c\deZgVi^c\bVg\^ch ^ci]ZLViZg[VaaYZkZadebZci idhiV`Z]daYZgh# ^c<VjiZc\# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl =dlYdlZbZVhjgZ ^beVXi4 ;D8JH<D>C< ;DGL6G9 9eh[ef[hWj_d]cWh]_d M[m_bb\eYkied0 <(&'* IVg\ZiZY gVc\Z ;'%&( >ckZhibZcihVcY8dcXZhh^dch ('$. &*Ä'% '(#. :c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dc ($- (Ä* '#) BVcj[VXijg^c\ .$) +Ä- ,#. 7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\ ($& 'Ä) &#' 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\ '$. )Ä+ (#) Egd_ZXih ,$/ *Ä- +#, 6ii]ZadlZgZcYd[i]ZgVc\ZdkZgi]Zh]dgiiZgb# :mXajY^c\cjXaZVgYZkZadebZciXdhih!i]ZjcYZgan^c\bVg\^clVh(#&# 6aahZ\bZciheZg[dgbZYaVg\Zan^ca^cZl^i]ZmeZXiVi^dchVcY\j^YVcXZ egdk^YZY!l^i]i]ZZmXZei^dcd[8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\l]ZgZbVg\^chlZgZ ^beVXiZYWnbVcV\ZbZciÉhbdgZXVji^djhk^Zldci]ZZhi^bViZY[^cVa XdbeaZi^dcbVg\^cdcildXdcigVXihgZedgiZY^ci]Z]Va["nZVggZhjaihVcYi]Z hadlZgi]VcZmeZXiZYgZXdkZgn^cbVg\^ch^ci]ZhZXdcY]Va[d[i]ZnZVg# :c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dcY^heaVnZYgdWjhi\gdli]VcY^begdkZYigVY^c\ gZhjaih!Vai]dj\]bVg\^chVgZaV\\^c\eZcY^c\[^cVaXdbeaZi^dcV\gZZbZcih dcXjggZciXdcigVXih# ^begdkZYbdW^a^hVi^dc VcYZmZXji^dcdc XdcigVXih h jeeanX]V^cZ[[^X^ZcXn bVcV\ZbZci X g^i^XVahZaZXi^dcd[ XdcigVXihl]ZgZlZ]VkZ VY^[[ZgZci^VidgVcYl]ZgZ i]ZgZVgZedX`Zihd[ gZYjXZYXdbeZi^i^dc# I]ZhZ^cXajYZgZbdiZ VgZVhl]ZgZlZldg` lZaa!VgZVhl]ZgZlZ ]VkZiZX]c^XVa Y^[[ZgZci^Vi^c\h`^aah Z^i]ZgdjghZakZhdgl^i] eVgicZghVcYaVg\ZgbdgZ XdbeaZmXdcigVXihl]ZgZ aZhheaVnZghdeZgViZ g Zk^Zl^c\djgg^h` VeeZi^iZidXVeijgZ ]^\]ZggZijgch (, C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY =dllZgZVXiZY/GZfj^gZbZciidegZhZgkZXVh] AVX`d[heZcY ^ciVg\Zi \Zd\gVe]^ZhVcY heVgZXVeVX^in ^cHdji]6[g^XV BVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch Yjg^c\i]ZnZVg DgYZgWdd` EgZhhjgZdcbVg\^ch GZfj^gZbZciid egZhZgkZXVh] >beVXi 6YZaVn^cXdcigVXiVlVgYhegZkZciZY jh[gdbgZan^c\dcVc^cXgZVhZ^c VYkVcXZeVnbZcihVcYZmXZhhW^aa^c\h igVY^i^dcVaanVhhdX^ViZYl^i]Vc ^cXgZVhZYdgYZgWdd`# I]ZgZYjXi^dc^ci]ZcjbWZgd[ iZcYZghidbVg`ZiVcY^cXgZVhZY XdbeZi^i^dc^cVaad[i]Z\gdjeÉh \Zd\gVe]^ZhVahdgZfj^gZYV Xdci^cjZY[dXjhdci]Z\gdjeÉh [^cVcX^Vag^h`bVcV\ZbZcieda^X^Zh YjZidi]ZediZci^Va^beVXidc/ ' 9Wi^WXiehfj_ed H]djaYXdcigVXihWZXdbZadhh" bV`^c\!ZheZX^Vaanl]ZgZXdcigVXih lZgZhZXjgZYVikZgni]^cbVg\^ch l]^X]XdckZgiidcZ\Vi^kZbVg\^ch# ( Meha_d]YWf_jWbkdm_dZ L]ZgZXa^ZcihYZaVneVnbZcidc VagZVYnXZgi^[^ZYldg`dgYZaVni]Z XZgi^[^XVi^dcd[ldg`eZg[dgbZY#I]^h ]VhWZZcheZX^[^XVaanegZkVaZci^ci]Z XjggZcinZVgl]ZgZ^iVeeZVghi]Vii]Z XgZY^iZck^gdcbZci^cHdji]6[g^XV VcYi]ZgZhid[6[g^XV]VhlZV`ZcZY VcYV[ZlXa^ZcihYZaVnZYhZiia^c\ XZgi^[^ZYVcYYjZVbdjcih# ) <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) 7ZZ_j_edWb\_dWdY_Wbh_ia (- 6YY^i^dcVa[^cVcX^Vag^h`bVn]VkZ idWZVhhjbZYl^i]gZYjXZY gZijgc^cXZgiV^chZXidghhjX]Vh ^c[gVhigjXijgZXdcXZhh^dchidegZkZci i]Z\gdjeWZXdb^c\jcXdbeZi^i^kZ# 6Xi^dchiV`Zc LZVeea^ZYhig^c\ZciXZcigVa^hZY [^cVcX^Vaeda^X^Zh!heZX^[^XVaan ViegZ"iZcYZgg^h`gZk^ZlhiV\Z! ^cXajY^c\/ i]ZVhhZhhbZcid[ Xa^ZciXgZY^ig^h` XdcigVXi higjXijg^c\ iVg\ZiZYXVh]VcY XdcigVXigZijgch LZVYZfjViZanbVcV\ZYdjg WVaVcXZh]ZZi!l^i]hj[[^X^Zci [gZZXVh]dc]VcY LZ]VkZ!dkZgVcjbWZgd[nZVgh! Xdch^hiZcianWZZcVWaZid^begdkZ djgldg`^c\XVe^iVaVcYgZiV^cV ]ZVai]naZkZad[VYkVcXZeVnbZcih VcYZmXZhhW^aa^c\hdkZgldg` eZg[dgbZY#LZVahd[dXjhZYdcV XdaaZXi^dcd[igVYZgZXZ^kVWaZh =dlZkZg!^ci]ZXjggZcinZVg! ^cXgZVhZYYZaVnZYeVnbZcihWnV [ZlXa^ZcihdcXZgi^[^ZYYZWidgh eaVXZYegZhhjgZdci]Z\gdjeÉh ldg`^c\XVe^iVa!VhXVcWZhZZc ^ci]ZiVWaZ LZXadhZYi]Z[^cVcX^VanZVg ^_]^YWi^ XWbWdY[dc]VcY! l^i]V l^i]djigZfj^g^c\VbViZg^Va ^cXgZVhZ^ci]ZdgYZgWdd` VcY^che^iZd[Xa^ZciXgZY^i egZhhjgZh# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl =dlYdlZbZVhjgZ^beVXi4 I]ZbdkZbZci^cXVh]dc]VcYdkZgi]ZaVhiild[^cVcX^VanZVgh^hY^hXadhZYWZadl/ GÉ%%% <(&'* ;'%&( 8Vh]VcYXVh]Zfj^kVaZcih 6iWZ\^cc^c\d[nZVg 9ZXgZVhZ$^cXgZVhZYjg^c\i]ZnZVg (/+*'() *'..) ''+*%'- +-.%.* 6iZcYd[nZVg (/'((*& '.*)&'( 8Vh][gdbdeZgVi^dchWZ[dgZldg`^c\XVe^iVaX]Vc\Zh Ldg`^c\XVe^iVaX]Vc\Zh /&(.*- +'/&)& +-*&'* '+,'&* >cXgZVhZ^cigVYZVcYdi]ZgeVnVWaZh >cXgZVhZ^cigVYZVcYdi]ZggZXZ^kVWaZh >cXgZVhZ$YZXgZVhZ^cXdcigVXih^cegd\gZhh >cXgZVhZ^c^ckZcidg^Zh **/,(( +/,.)- )))'&& ).-'+ --,+-* -&&%&- '&+&&( '**+* 8Vh]\ZcZgViZY[gdbdeZgVi^dch ).).'- .*'()% 8Vh]dc]VcYgZbV^cZYaVg\ZanjcX]Vc\ZYViG'!.W^aa^dc!l^i]VcZiG)&!.b^aa^dcdji[adlYjg^c\i]ZnZVg# =dlZkZg!VhZmeZXiZY!VG(',b^aa^dccZidji[adllVhZmeZg^ZcXZY^ci]ZhZXdcY]Va[d[;'%&)[gdbi]Z G(!'W^aa^dcXVh]edh^i^dcVi9ZXZbWZg'%&(# I]^hlVhYjZidi]ZhadlYdlc^cXdcigVXiVlVgYh^ci]ZhZXdcY]Va[d[;'%&)!l^i]i]ZgZhjaiVcijcl^cY^c i]Z\gdjeÉh8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`VcYi]ZgZYjXi^dc^cVYkVcXZeVnbZcihgZXZ^kZYVhXdcigVXihcZVgZY i]Z^gZcYVcYlZgZcdigZeaVXZY# I]ZVYkVcXZeVnbZcihgZXZ^kZYgZYjXZY[gdbG+%,!&b^aa^dc^c;'%&(idG(.%!'b^aa^dc# I]ZigVY^c\Zck^gdcbZciV[[ZXiZYi]Z\gdjeÉhldg`^c\XVe^iVa^ci]Z[daadl^c\bVccZg/ I]ZYZXgZVhZ^cVYkVcXZeVnbZcihcZ\Vi^kZan^beVXiZYi]ZigVYZVcYdi]ZgeVnVWaZhWnG'&,b^aa^dc# 6c^cXgZVhZ^cXdcigVXildg`^cegd\gZhh^beVXiZYldg`^c\XVe^iVacZ\Vi^kZanVinZVg"ZcY#8Zgi^[^XVi^dcVcYXdaaZXi^dc^h ZmeZXiZYl^i]^ci]gZZbdci]h# 6YY^i^dcVaY^hXadhjgZdcigVYZVcYdi]ZggZXZ^kVWaZh^hegdk^YZYdceV\Z-+# ;D8JH<D>C< ;DGL6G9 M[m_bb\eYkied0 H ig^c\ZciVeea^XVi^dcd[ djgXZcigVa^hZY[^cVcX^Va eda^X^Zh!heZX^[^XVaanVi egZ"iZcYZgg^h`gZk^Zl hiV\Z!^cXajY^c\i]Z VhhZhhbZcid[Xa^Zci XgZY^ig^h`!XdcigVXi higjXijg^c\VcYiVg\ZiZY XVh]VcYXdcigVXi gZijgch (. C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY AVWdjgkdaVi^a^in! bV^can^cdjg ]dbZbVg`Zid[ Hdji]6[g^XV I]Z\gdjeZmeZg^ZcXZYVc^cXgZVhZ^ci]ZcjbWZgd[bVc YVnhadhiYjZidhig^`ZVXi^dc^c;'%&)#I]^hlVhbV^can Yg^kZcWni]Z&*"YVnX^k^a^cYjhignhig^`Z^cHZeiZbWZg'%&(! l]^X]gZhjaiZY[gdbi]ZWgZV`Ydlc^ccZ\di^Vi^dchWZilZZc i]ZHdji]Zgc6[g^XVc;ZYZgVi^dcd[8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\ H6;8:8VcYi]ZbV_dgjc^dch^ci]ZhZXidg# I]ZbV_dg^ind[hig^`ZhVcYVhhdX^ViZYYVnhadhidXXjggZYbdhiandcaVg\ZejWa^XhZXidg ^c[gVhigjXijgZXdcigVXih!hjX]Vh:h`dbÉh@jh^aZedlZghiVi^dcVcYIgVchcZiÉhCZlBjai^" EgdYjXihE^eZa^cZ#LZXdci^cjZidZc\V\Zl^i]jc^dch!]daYhZc^dgaZVYZgh]^eedh^i^dch^c`Zn ^cYjhignWdY^ZhVcY]VkZVXi^kZY^Vad\jZl^i]Xa^Zcihidldg`idlVgYhhdaji^dch#BVcYVnhadhi YjZidhig^`ZVXi^dc^cXgZVhZY[gdb&-()-^c;'%&(id')))&^c;'%&)#I]ZbV_dg^ind[i]ZhZ YVnhXVcWZViig^WjiZYidi]Z&*"YVnX^k^a^cYjhignlV\Zhig^`ZYjg^c\i]ZnZVg# =dlZkZg!l]Vi]VhWZZcXdcXZgc^c\^hi]Z^cXgZVh^c\egZkVaZcXZd[jcegdiZXiZYVcY jcegdXZYjgVahig^`Zh#LZWZa^ZkZi]^h^h^cY^XVi^kZd[i]ZYZXa^c^c\^c[ajZcXZd[i]ZbV_dg igVY^i^dcVajc^dchVcYi]Z^cXgZVhZd[cZl!hbVaaZgVcYbdgZb^a^iVcijc^dch#AVWdjggZaVi^dch Vih^iZh]VkZi]ZgZ[dgZWZXdbZbdgZXdbeaZm!l^i]bjai^eaZgdjiZhd[Xdbbjc^XVi^dcYjZid X]Vc\Zh^ci]Zjc^dcZck^gdcbZci!i]ZVYY^i^dcVa^cZmeZg^ZcXZYjc^dchidZc\V\Zl^i]VcY XadhZg\dkZgcbZci^ckdakZbZci^c`ZnXdcigVXih# mmm GZ[Zgidi]ZhjeeaZbZciVgnhZXi^dcd[i]Z^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgiVi lll#\gdje[^kZ#Xd#oV[dgbdgZ^c[dgbVi^dc# >beVXi M[^WZ (***' ( * **' * <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) cWdZWoi beijjeijh_a[i )% 6Xi^dchiV`Zc LZidd`V[^gbhiVcXZ^cYZVa^c\ l^i]aVWdjgjcgZhiVcYVhhdX^ViZY Xdbbjc^inVXi^k^hb!Vhi]^h^hV bViZg^Vag^h`idi]ZhV[Zind[djg ZbeadnZZh!VhlZaaVhidi]ZYZa^kZgn d[aVg\Z!bV^canejWa^XhZXidg XdcigVXih# LZ]VkZ/ ^beaZbZciZYVeda^XnVcY egdXZYjgZidVhhZhhVcYeg^XZ ^cYjhig^VagZaVi^dch>Gg^h`dch^iZh ViiZcYZghiV\ZWVhZYdci]Zh^iZ adXVi^dcVcYediZci^Va[dg Xdbbjc^inVXi^k^hbVgdjcYi]Zh^iZ g V^hZYi]ZaZkZad[djgh^iZ"WVhZY>G egVXi^i^dcZghidWZbdgZegdVXi^kZ VcYXdbea^VcXZ"[dXjhZYVh deedhZYidVYb^c^higVi^dc"[dXjhZY X dci^cjVaan[dXjhZYdch^iZ Y^hX^ea^cZVcYcdiVXXZY^c\id ZbeadnZZYZbVcYh^[i]Z\ZcZgVa eg^cX^eaZhVgZbdgZ^bedgiVci b V^ciV^cZYi]ZXdgZeg^cX^eaZd[ XZcigVa^hZYWVg\V^c^c\dc^hhjZh i]ViXjiVXgdhhh^iZh NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl =dlYdlZ bZVhjgZ^beVXi4 ;D8JH<D>C< ;DGL6G9 h^c\aZhZi d[lV\ZgViZh[dg LZgZfj^gZV B6C96NHADHI BVcYVnhadhiYjZidhig^`ZVXi^dc ^cXgZVhZY[gdb'.)*._d<(&')je (***'_d<(&'*#I]ZbV_dg^ind[ i]ZhZYVnhXVcWZViig^WjiZYidi]Z &*"YVnX^k^a^cYjhignlV\Zhig^`Z Yjg^c\i]ZnZVg# L]^aZ^cgZVaiZgbh i]^hgZegZhZcih >GheZX^Va^hi#I]^h]Vh\gZVian Vhh^hiZYdjgZ[[dgih^ci]^hVgZV# LZl^aaZchjgZVYY^i^dcVa XVeVX^in^ci]^hXg^i^XVaVgZV \d^c\[dglVgY# bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdchigjXi^dc h^iZh#LZVgZldg`^c\l^i] ^cYjhignWdY^ZhidVX]^ZkZi]^h! Vhi]ZXjggZciY^[[ZgZcigViZh! ZheZX^VaanVi\ZcZgValdg`Zg aZkZa!XVjhZhhZkZgVa^cYjhig^Va gZaVi^dch>Gh^iZX]VaaZc\Zh# LZl^aaXdci^cjZid LZl^aaXdci^cjZidegdVXi^kZan aVWdjg^hhjZhVgZYZVail^i]Vh ViZVb# VcYdi]ZgZbeadnZZ"gZaViZY \dkZgc^c\WdY^Zh# LZVgZ[jgi]ZgYZkZade^c\ JC>DCB:B7:GH=>E I]ZgZ]VhWZZcVhiZVYn^cXgZVhZ ^ci]ZcjbWZgd[jc^dc^hZY ZbeadnZZhh^cXZ'%&'#LZVgZ XjggZciangZVX]^c\i]ZaZkZahaVhi hZZc^c'%&%#Jc^dcbZbWZgh]^e i]^hnZVg^cXgZVhZYid').) bZbWZghXdbeVgZYidaVhinZVgÉh '&'%bZbWZgh!bV^canYjZidV aVg\Zg^cXgZVhZ^cadXVaZbeadnZZh ^ci]ZbdgZjc^dc^hZYHdji] 6[g^XVcbVg`Zii]Vc^ci]ZaZhh jc^dc^hZY^ciZgcVi^dcVabVg`Zih# 6heZX^Va^hiaVWdjg ViidgcZnlVh ZbeadnZYVhV\gdje Zc\V\Zl^i] kVg^djhjc^dch ldg` XadhZanl^i]djg Xa^ZcihidZchjgZi]Vi >GheZX^Va^hihdc djgh^iZh!VhlZaaVhVi HjeZgk^hdgVcY bVcV\ZbZci igV^c^c\l^aaWZ^ciZch^[^ZY idZc[dgXZdc"h^iZVY]ZgZcXZid \gdjeegVXi^XZhVcYegdXZYjgZh# djg^ciZ\gViZYXZcigVad[[^XZ# I]ZhZXg^i^XVagZhdjgXZhVgZ gZfj^gZYidZchjgZbdgZ egd"VXi^k^in^cYZVa^c\l^i] >G^hhjZh# ijhed]]hemj^ '-$,!i]Z bZbWZgh]^eVhV eZgXZciV\Zd[i]Z ^cXgZVhZYdkZgVaa ldg`[dgXZd[&))-* dcan^cXgZVhZYWn&#, id&,#'# LDG@HIDEE6<:H Cdil^i]hiVcY^c\i]Z ^cXgZVhZYkdaVi^a^ind[ hig^`Zh!i]ZVXijVacjbWZg d[ldg`hideeV\ZhVcY ldg`^ciZggjei^dch Z[Yb_d[Z$ I]^hlVhbV^canYjZidegdVXi^kZ VcYY^gZXi^ciZgkZci^dcWni]Z \gdje^cediZci^VaankdaVi^aZaVWdjg h^ijVi^dchVcYi]Z^cXgZVhZY jhZd[Xdbbjc^ina^V^hdcd[[^XZgh# I]^h^begdkZYdjgXVeVX^inid Vci^X^eViZ^hhjZhVcYgZhdakZ i]ZbWZ[dgZi]ZnZhXVaViZ# )& 97I;IJK:O Djg;^WgZ8ZbZciWjh^cZhh:kZg^iZ^hbVg\^cZc]VcX^c\ idi]Z\gdje!gZbV^chjc\ZVgZYVcYXdci^cjZhid\ZcZgViZ higdc\[gZZXVh]# :kZg^iZÉhXdchiVciYg^kZid^begdkZ^ihbVcj[VXijg^c\ XVeVW^a^i^Zh!VhlZaaVhidZc]VcXZ^ihegdYjXigVc\Z i]gdj\]^c"]djhZXdbeZiZcX^ZhVcYl^i]iZX]c^XVa eVgicZgh]^eh!ZchjgZh^ihadc\iZgbhjhiV^cVW^a^in# 9jg^c\i]ZaVhi[ZlnZVgh!i]ZiZVb]VhVXfj^gZY ^ciZgcVi^dcVaanXdbeZi^i^kZiZX]c^XVa`cdlaZY\ZidYZh^\c VcY^chiVaaeg^bVgnegdYjXi^dc[VX^a^i^ZhVcYid^begdkZgVl bViZg^VagZX^eZhl]^X][jgi]ZgZc]VcXZ[VXidgnXVeVX^in VcYi]ZfjVa^ind[i]ZegdYjXihlZbVcj[VXijgZ#>c gZXZcinZVgh!lZ^beaZbZciZYildXVe^iVaZmeZcY^ijgZ egd\gVbbZhjh^c\i]ZhZYZh^\ch#I]Z^beaZbZciVi^dc d[H,^c;'%%+gZbdkZYWdiiaZcZX`hid[gZZjeeg^bVgn egdYjXi^dc# :kZg^iZ^hVYZY^XViZYbVcj[VXijgZgd[[^WgZ XZbZciWj^aY^c\XdbedcZcihVcY[dgbheVgid[ <gdje;^kZÉhY^kZgh^[^ZYedgi[da^dd[Wjh^cZhhZh i]Vihjeedgih^ihhigViZ\nidYZa^kZgVXgdhhi]Z ^c[gVhigjXijgZkVajZ"X]V^c#:kZg^iZ^hVHdji] 6[g^XVcbVg`ZiaZVYZg#>i]VhVY^kZghZXa^ZciWVhZ l]^X]Vhh^hihidb^i^\ViZi]Z\gdjeÉhZmedhjgZ idi]ZXnXa^XVacVijgZd[bV^can^c[gVhigjXijgZ XdchigjXi^dcbVg`Zih# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) 9jg^c\;'%&)!i]ZH*eaVcilVhXdbb^hh^dcZYl]^X] ZcVWaZY:kZg^iZidgZYjXZbVcj[VXijg^c\XdhihVcY ^cXgZVhZegdYjXi^dcheZZYVcYXVeVX^inidYZa^kZg Zc]VcXZYdjiejiVcYgZijgch# )' I]ZhjXXZhh[jaVYY^i^dcd[bdYjaVg]djh^c\hnhiZbh! 6YkVcXZY7j^aY^c\IZX]cdad\^Zh67I!idi]Z:kZg^iZ egdYjXiedgi[da^d[djgnZVghV\d^hVahdd[^cXgZVh^c\ ^bedgiVcXZidi]Z\gdje#67Iegdk^YZhVhdaji^dc^c hjeedgid[i]ZHdji]6[g^XVc\dkZgcbZciÉhadl"Xdhi ]djh^c\Yg^kZVcYi]Z\gdl^c\6[g^XVcb^c^c\hZXidg! VhlZaaVh[dgeZgbVcZcihigjXijgZha^`ZXa^c^Xh!hX]ddah VcYXdbbjc^inhigjXijgZhl]ZgZheZZYd[YZa^kZgn^hV eg^bVgnYg^kZg#I]Z[VXidgn"Wj^aicVijgZd[i]Z67IegdYjXi VYYgZhhZhi]Z^hhjZhd[dc"h^iZh`^aahh]dgiV\Z!Vhi]Z higjXijgZhVgZigVchedgiVWaZ^c`cdX`"Ydlc[dgbVi VcYXVcWZZgZXiZYfj^X`an^cgZbdiZVgZVhl^i]a^b^iZY Wj^aY^c\h`^aah#67IhigjXijgZhVgZine^XVaanWj^ai^cV i]^gYd[i]Zi^bZd[igVY^i^dcVaWg^X`VcYbdgiVg higjXijgZh#9ZbVcY[dgfj^X`"Wj^aYhdaji^dch^hhZiid Xdci^cjZVhi]ZXdcXZei\V^chl^YZgVXXZeiVcXZ# 9jg^c\i]ZXjggZcinZVg!,.(67Ijc^ihlZgZhdaY! l]^X]egdk^YZYVYY^i^dcVa[^WgZXZbZciegdYjXi^dc adVY^c\idi]Z:kZg^iZ[VXidgn# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl 9edj_dkekij[Y^debe]o WZlWdY[c[dji _dCWdk\WYjkh_d] )( C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY ;daadl^c\egZk^djhnZVghd[gZ[^c^c\djghigViZ\^XY^gZXi^dc!Yjg^c\i]ZnZVgjcYZggZk^Zl lZ[dXjhZYdc[jgi]ZgdeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\VhdjcYhigViZ\n#6`ZnaZkZgidZchjgZigVXi^dc^h bViX]^c\djgZm^hi^c\h`^aahhZiidVhigViZ\ni]Vi^ckdakZhbjX]aVg\ZgVcYXdbeaZm XdcigVXihVcYWj^aY^c\h`^aah^cdjg`ZnhZXidghVcY\Zd\gVe]^Zh# HZXidgVcY \Zd\gVe]^X Y^kZgh^in H:8IDG9>K:GH>IN >beVXi I]ZXjggZcidgYZgWdd`^hlZ^\]iZYidlVgYhgZVaZhiViZ!b^c^c\!edlZg!lViZgVcYigVchedgi! l^i]a^iiaZigVXi^dc^c^cYjhig^VaYjZidbVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch# B^c^c\ >cYjhig^Va <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) LViZg )) 6Xi^dchiV`Zc I]Z\gdjeÉhhjeedgiWjh^cZhh d[HE9^hhigjXijgZYWnhZXidg! WY^Wcf_ed l^i] gZhedch^WaZ[dgZVX]d[i]Z \gdjeÉhhZkZchZXidghd[[dXjh# EdlZg GZVaZhiViZ D^aVcY\Vh IgVchedgi HE9Éh[dXjh^hidaZVYeZcZigVi^dc^cid VaahZXidgh!Vai]dj\]eg^bVg^an^cidi]Z ]^\]"\gdli]hZXidghi]Vil^aahjeedgi i]Z\gdjehigViZ\nidVX]^ZkZVbdgZ WVaVcXZYhZXidgY^kZgh^in^cXdjcig^Zh VcYgZ\^dchl]ZgZi]ZhZhZXidghVgZhZi idYdb^cViZi]Z\gdli]i]ZbZh^ci]dhZ bVg`Zih# Egd\gZhh]VhWZZcbVYZ^ci]ZVcVanh^h d[i]Zdeedgijc^i^ZhVcYi]Za^c`^c\d[ ediZci^VacZlXa^ZcihVcYeVgicZghl^i] djghigViZ\^XdW_ZXi^kZh# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl =dlYdlZbZVhjgZ^beVXi4 I]ZiVWaZWZadlh]dlhi]Zegd\gZhh^dc^c`ZnhZXidgh^ci]Z\gdjeÉhXajhiZghd[8dchigjXi^dcVcY :c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dc: 8# IgVYZY8dcigVXi^c\gZkZcjZ <(&'* ;'%&( ;'%&' '- '* &. ' ) ( EdlZg '. - - D^aVcY\Vh '/ &( &. + * ) )' (% (& / &* &+ @kd[ (&'* ?jcZ '%&( ?jcZ '%&' '& &% '% B^c^c\ >cYjhig^Va LViZg GZVaZhiViZ IgVchedgi IdiVa8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd` B^c^c\ >cYjhig^Va ' & & '+ '' '% . &* - LViZg '( , ) GZVaZhiViZ ** () '( IgVchedgi '& && ') @kd[ (&'* ?jcZ '%&( ?jcZ '%&' (+ ') '% ( ' & EdlZg '/ '% , D^aVcY\Vh ') ( ' + &% &% - &' '& (/ '. (. EdlZg D^aVcY\Vh I]ZgZ]VhWZZc Vi_]d_\_YWdj h[XWbWdY_d]d[i]Z igVYZYgZkZcjZid ^cXajYZbdgZedlZg VcYd^aVcY\VhVcY idgZYjXZi]ZgZa^VcXZ dci]ZHdji]6[g^XVc igVchedgihZXidg# 6c^cXgZVhZ^c7j^aY^c\ VlVgYh]VkZidhdbZ ZmiZciXdbeZchViZY[dg hadlZgd^aVcY\Vh bVg`ZihVcYi]Za^b^iZY igVXi^dc^ci]ZlViZgVcY ^cYjhig^VahZXidgh# :miZgcVaanVhhjgZY# Bjai^"nZVgdeedgijc^ine^eZa^cZ B^c^c\ >cYjhig^Va LViZg GZVaZhiViZ IgVchedgi Deedgijc^i^Zh^ci]Zh]dgi idbZY^jbiZgb[Vkdjg 6[g^XVcb^c^c\!edlZg VcYigVchedgihZXidgh! Vai]dj\]lZhZZVc ^begdkZbZci ^cdeedgijc^i^Zh l^i]^ci]Zd^aVcY\VhhZXidg# )* C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY HZXidgVcY \Zd\gVe]^X Y^kZgh^in <:D<G6E=>89>K:GH>IN >beVXi 6Xi^dchiV`Zc I=:<GDJE=6HDE:G6I:9 DK:G"7DG9:G;DG6C 6K:G6<:D;&&N:6GH! L>I=DE:G6I>C< :ME:G>:C8:>CHDB: 8DJCIG>:HHE6CC>C< &,ID'*N:6GH# LZWZa^ZkZlZ]VkZ VXXjbjaViZYi]Z 9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!dcan <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) d[i]Z\gdjeÉhigVYZYgZkZcjZVcY ''#+d[8dcigVXi^c\gZkZcjZlVh \ZcZgViZY[gdbdkZg"WdgYZgldg` YjZid\gdli]^cgZVaZhiViZVcY gZcZlVWaZedlZg^cHdji]6[g^XV VcYlZV`Zg6[g^XVcb^c^c\# )+ LZ]VkZ]^hidg^XVaan]VYV egZYdb^cVcianb^c^c\d[[Zg dkZg"WdgYZg!l^i]hdbZigVchedgi VcYedlZgVcYdcanVhbVaaedgi^dc d[gZVaZhiViZ# I=:G:6G:9>HI>C8I9:A6NH >C8DCIG68I6L6G9H>CI=: G:HID;6;G>869J:IDI=: I>B:I6@:C7N8A>:CIH>C 7DI=EJ7A>86C9EG>K6I: H:8IDGH;DG8DCIG68IH ID7:I:C9:G:96C9 6HH:HH:9!;:6H>7>A>I>:H ID7:8DBEA:I:96C9 H86G8:;JC9>C<HDJG8:9# ceij [nf[h_[dY[VcY VX]^ZkZYi]ZWgdVYZhi ZmedhjgZidbjai^" Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdcigVXi^c\ ^c6[g^XVVbdc\hidjg Hdji]6[g^XVceZZg\gdje# LZ[jgi]Zg^cXgZVhZYdjgXVeVX^in^c a^cZl^i]djghigViZ\^XYZkZadebZcidkZg i]ZaVhi[ZlnZVgh!l^i]Vaad[i]Z\gdjeÉh hZ\bZcihcdl]Vk^c\ZhiVWa^h]ZY gZkZcjZhigZVbh^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV# 6\V^chii]^h!i]Z\gdjeXdci^cjZYid YZeadn`ZneZdeaZdkZg"WdgYZgVcY egdk^YZYYZY^XViZYigV^c^c\VcY gZXgj^ibZci# 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\h]dlZYi]Zbdhi \Zd\gVe]^X\gdli]^cgZXZcinZVgh!l^i] )+dkZg"WdgYZggZkZcjZigVYZY^c ;'%&)!Xdb^c\[gdbVbVg`Zii]VilVh -*^cHdji]6[g^XV^c;'%&&#I]ZdgYZg Wdd`XjggZcian^h'*dkZg"WdgYZg!Wji l^aacVijgVaan[ajXijViZVhldg`^hldc ^ciVg\ZihZXidgh^cHdji]6[g^XVVcY dkZg"WdgYZg# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl =dlYdlZbZVhjgZ^beVXi4 IdiVaigVYZYgZkZcjZWngZ\^dc <(&'* ;'%&( :VhiZgc:jgdeZ * ) * LZhi6[g^XV ( * * 8ZcigVa6[g^XV . &( &% :Vhi6[g^XV ' & & Hdji]6[g^XV -, +- ,* / . ) @kd[ (&'* ?jcZ '%&( ?jcZ '%&' LZhi6[g^XV * ' ) 8ZcigVa6[g^XV ( + &) :Vhi6[g^XV ' & & Hdji]6[g^XV .& ,. +' GZhid[Hdji]Zgc6[g^XV ') &' &. GZhid[Hdji]Zgc6[g^XV ;'%&' ;D8JH<D>C< ;DGL6G9 I[YjehWdZ][e]hWf^_Y [nfWdi_ed L ZcZZYidZchjgZVc ^begdkZYhegZVYd[ldg` WZilZZcHdji]6[g^XVVcY i]ZgZhid[6[g^XV#I]^h gZfj^gZh[jgi]ZgigVXi^dc [gdbHE9^c^i^Vi^kZh!Vh dcZd[^ihXdgZdW_ZXi^kZh ^h6[g^XVcZmeVch^dc! hjeedgiZYWni]Z 8dcigVXi^c\XajhiZgh IdiVa8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd` L ZcZZYid[jgi]Zg ^cY^\Zc^hZ^cidiVg\Zi 6[g^XVcXdjcig^Zhi]gdj\] i]ZVeed^cibZcid[adXVa hZc^dgZbeadnZZh D jih^YZd[i]ZgZhi d[6[g^XV!>ckZhibZcih VcY8dcXZhh^dch^h XdcXZcigViZY^c=jc\Vgn VcYEdaVcYYjZid bVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch VcYdeedgijc^i^Zh :miZgcVaanVhhjgZY# Bjai^"nZVgdeedgijc^ine^eZa^cZ Deedgijc^i^Zh^ci]Zh]dgiidbZY^jbiZgb[VkdjgVbdgZWVaVcXZY\Zd\gVe]^X b^m^cWdi]Hdji]6[g^XVVcYi]ZgZhid[6[g^XV# ?DJ;HD7J?ED7B Vi(%?jcZ'%&) 6\V^chii]^h!cZl iVg\ZiXdjcig^Zh VgZWZ^c\YZkZadeZY [dg[jijgZegd_ZXih VcYgZijgch BE97B JejWb Eg^kViZ EjWa^X JejWb Eg^kViZ EjWa^X IdiVaGWc /' ,* &+ ''' +& *% d[idiVae^eZa^cZ *+ (, - ++ (% '* EgZ"iZcYZg VcYiZcYZg +- ). - *- '. &- d[egZ"iZcYZg VcYiZcYZg ++ ), - *+ '- &, JejWbeffehjkd_j_[iWj)&@kd[(&'* H(&(X_bb_ed JejWbfh[#j[dZ[heffehjkd_j_[iWj)&@kd[(&'* H'&*X_bb_ed ), C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY Bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgn d[[Zg^c\Vi XdcigVXiaZkZa VcYYZei]d[ ZmeZg^ZcXZ^c iVg\ZibVg`Zih >beVXi 6Xi^dchiV`Zc LZZmeZg^ZcXZYVYZXgZVhZ^ci]Z kVajZd[bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdcigVXih hZXjgZY!Vhi]ZineZd[ldg`VkV^aVWaZ ^ci]ZXjggZciXnXaZ[VkdjgZYhbVaaZg XdcigVXih# LZVgZeaVX^c\bdgZZbe]Vh^hdc egZ"W^YXdcigVXiVhhZhhbZcihVcY [^aiZgegdXZhhZh# LZVahdaVjcX]ZYVc <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) _d_j_Wj_l[ )- id[jgi]Zg YZkZadei]Z\gdjeÉh bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgn$ Xgdhh"\gdjeegd_ZXi bVcV\ZbZci[jcXi^dc# LZ[dgbZY_d^cikZcijgZhl^i] ZmeZg^ZcXZYdkZghZVheVgicZghdc gZcZlVWaZXdcigVXih!YZkZadeZYdjg ^ciZgcVaXVeVW^a^inVcYgZXgj^iZY VYY^i^dcVah`^aah# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl =dlYdlZbZVhjgZ^beVXi4 =hem_d]ckbj_#i[]c[dj%Ybkij[hmeha0 18% 27% 73% 79% 82% ',bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnÄd[ igVYZY8dcigVXi^c\gZkZcjZ 21% &-bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnÄd[ 8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd` '&bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgn Äd[8dcigVXi^c\e^eZa^cZ &*d[i]Z\gdjeÉhigVYZYgZkZcjZlVhd[Vc:E8cVijgZkZghjh )^c;'%&(# 5% 15% 16% 85% &*:E8Äd[igVYZY 8dcigVXi^c\gZkZcjZ 84% 95% *:E8Äd[8dcigVXi^c\ dgYZgWdd` ;D8JH<D>C< ;DGL6G9 LZgZfj^gZ[jgi]ZggZ[^cZbZcid[djgbjai^" Y^hX^ea^cVgnh^iZXdaaVWdgVi^dcbdYZaVcY WZ]Vk^djg#6ai]dj\]lZVgZkZgnhjXXZhh[ja^c l^cc^c\VcY^beaZbZci^c\bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgn XdcigVXih!djgXgdhh"\gdjeXdaaVWdgVi^dcXVc WZZc]VcXZYidYg^kZ^begdkZYZmZXji^dcVcY XdbbZgX^VaeZg[dgbVcXZ# &+:E8Äd[8dcigVXi^c\ e^eZa^cZ EVgicZg$Xa^ZcihZaZXi^dcg^h`hVgZcdi[jaanVeegZX^ViZYVi ^cXZei^dc# I ]Z\gdjeÉheda^X^ZhVcYg^h`VhhZhhbZciegdXZhhZhVgZ WZ^c\higZc\i]ZcZY[jgi]Zgid^cXgZVhZYjZY^a^\ZcXZd[ eVgicZghVcYXa^Zciheg^dgidi]ZW^YhiV\Z I]ZXgZVi^dcd[HE9]VhWZZcZ[[ZXi^kZ^cVXi^kZan^begdk^c\ i]ZY^hX^ea^cZVcYhZaZXi^dcd[XdcigVXihidZchjgZVa^\cbZci l^i]higViZ\n#=dlZkZg!bdgZldg`cZZYhidWZYdcZid/ W j^aY[jgi]ZgheZX^Va^hiegd_ZXiaZVYZgh]^eiZVbh`^aah [dgaVg\ZXdcigVXiYZa^kZgnidZc]VcXZYZa^kZgndc i]ZhigViZ\n Z cigZcX]i]ZHE9iZVbVhi]ZdkZgVaaXjhidY^Vcd[ eZg[dgbVcXZdkZgh^\]idcbjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdcigVXih! l^i]gZhedch^W^a^in[dg`ZnVXXdjcibVcV\ZbZciVcY XVeVX^inWj^aY^c\ M[m_bbZej^_ij^hek]^0 ^beaZbZci^c\YZY^XViZY!ZmeZg^ZcXZY gZhdjgXZhiddjg[gdci"ZcYVXi^k^i^ZhVcY XdcigVXih Wj^aY^c\XdgZiZVbhidaZVYXgdhh"\gdje! bjai^"hZ\bZci^ciZgVXi^dcdcaVg\Z XdcigVXih >ci]Zeg^dgnZVg!i]Z\gdje Y^hXadhZYi]Vi^iZmeZXiZY i]Vi&-d[^ih;'%&) XdcigVXigZkZcjZldjaYWZ \ZcZgViZY[gdbXdcigVXihd[ Vc:E8cVijgZ#9jZidi]Z igVYZdci]ZgZcZlVWaZ ZcZg\nXdcigVXihYjg^c\i]Z nZVg!i]ZeZgXZciV\Zi]^h nZVglVh&*#I]ZXjggZci dgYZgWdd`^hbV^can gZ"bZVhjgVWaZXdcigVXihl^i] :E8ZmeZXiZYVidcan*# I]Z\gdjeÉhigVYZYgZkZcjZ [gdbbjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgn ldg`hlVhZhi^bViZYVi'% ^ci]Zeg^dgnZVg[dg;'%&)# LZVX]^ZkZY',i]^hnZVg# LZcZZYidVYYgZhhi]Z\ZcZgVi^dcVah`^aah\VeVcYWj^aY YZei]^cXdchigjXi^dcidhjeedgii]ZhigViZ\n[dg^cXgZVhZY bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdchigjXi^dcXVeVX^in# >ca^cZl^i]i]^h!lZVgZgZY^gZXi^c\djgeg^bVgnigV^c^c\ ^cXgZVhZY^ciZgkZci^dch^cY^higZhhZY XdcigVXih ÆWVX`idWVh^XhÇ [dXjhidlVgYh XdchigjXi^dc h`^aahVcYXdchigjXi^dcbVcV\ZbZcih`^aahegd\gVbbZh VhVeg^dg^in^ckZhibZci[dg;'%&* ). C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY 9ZkZade^c\ Vccj^inZVgc^c\h higZVbh >beVXi 9jZidYZaVnh^ci]Zgdaadjid[XdcXZhh^dchVcYEEEh^cHdji]6[g^XV!i]Z\gdjeÉhiVg\ZiZY igVchedgiidaagdVYVcYgZVaZhiViZVccj^inhigZVbh^cHdji]6[g^XVY^YcdibViZg^Va^hZ! Vai]dj\]i]Zegd_ZXihgZbV^c^cYZkZadebZci# GZa^VcXZdcHdji]6[g^XV[dgXdcXZhh^dchVccj^in\gdli]gZYjXZY^c[Vkdjgd[bdgZViigVXi^kZ deedgijc^i^Zh^c6[g^XVVcY8ZcigVaVcY:VhiZgc:jgdeZ8::!Vai]dj\]VlVgYh]VkZcdi[adlZY i]gdj\]nZi# 6Xi^dchiV`Zc <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) LZXdci^cjZid]daY[jcYh[dg ZmeVch^dcVgn^ckZhibZcihV\V^chidjg higViZ\n#L]^aZhdbZdeedgijc^i^ZhlZgZ YZaVnZYYjZidlZV`VcYhadlZgbVg`Zih! i]ZhZgZbV^ciVg\Zideedgijc^i^Zhl]^X] lZZmeZXiidWZgZVa^hZY^c;'%&*# *% BVcj[VXijg^c\^hgZ\VgYZYVhVhigViZ\^XVaan ^bedgiVcihdjgXZd[h]dgi"XnXaZVccj^in Wjh^cZhhl]^X]^hkVajZZc]VcX^c\[gdbVc ^ckZhibZciXVhZeZgheZXi^kZ# I]ZXajhiZgeZg[dgbZYlZaaVcY^hhiVgi^c\ idhZXjgZVcdgYZgWdd`l^i]adc\Zga^cZd[ h^\]i!l]^X]^begdkZYi]ZegZY^XiVW^a^in# Idegdk^YZVYY^i^dcVa Y^hXadhjgZ!lZVgZY^hXadh^c\ i]ZBVcj[VXijg^c\dgYZg Wdd`[dgi]Z[^ghii^bZ#I]Z BVcj[VXijg^c\dgYZgWdd` hiVcYhViG)+,b^aa^dc# LZ]VkZVYYZY^cXgZbZciVaanidgZVa ZhiViZVccj^ini]gdj\]gZWj^aY^c\i]Z egdeZginYZkZadebZciedgi[da^d^ca^cZ l^i]djghigViZ\n# I ]Z@VaV]Vg^BVaa^c Hdji]6[g^XVXdbbZcXZY igVY^c\^cHZeiZbWZg'%&( 8 Ve^iVaEaVXZ^c<]VcV^h jcYZgXdchigjXi^dc!l^i] igVY^c\eaVccZY[dg=&;'%&* H ZkZgVacZlYZkZadebZcih^c Hdji]6[g^XVVcYdkZg"WdgYZg VgZWZ^c\egd\gZhhZYid WVc`VW^a^in NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl =dlYdlZbZVhjgZ^beVXi4 DeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd`egd\gZhh^dc Gb^aa^dch IgVchedgi >cYjhig^VaVcY d^aVcY\Vh EdlZg IdiVa IgVYZYgZkZcjZ;'%&( +*) *. Ä ,&( JhWZ[Zh[l[dk[<(&'* .)* ((* Å '&+. HZXjgZYgZkZcjZidWZigVYZY^c;'%&* -(+ .' (- .++ HZXjgZYgZkZcjZidWZigVYZY ^c;'%&+id;'%&- &,+( Ä &', &-.% IdiVahZXjgZYgZkZcjZ[gdb &?jan'%&)id[^ghigZk^ZlYViZ )(&+ .' &.' )+%% H ZXjgZYDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd`kVajZYjh^c\gZVaXVh][adlhZmXajY^c\ZhXVaVi^dcXaVjhZhidi]Z[^ghigZk^ZlYViZ# :miZgcVaanVhhjgZY[dgi]Z[^ghii^bZ^c;'%&)#GZ[ZgideV\Z-%# Djih^YZd[hZXjg^c\i]ZBV\Va^Zh8IGDBG-%b^aa^dcegd_ZXi^cHdji]6[g^XV!cdVYY^i^dcVadeZgVi^dchVcYbV^ciZcVcXZ deedgijc^i^ZhbVc^[ZhiZYdkZgi]ZaVhi[Zlbdci]h#I]ZgViZd[igVYZi]ZgZ[dgZZmXZZYZYi]ZgZeaVXZbZcildg`VlVgYZY# I]^hdgYZgWdd`^hZmeZXiZYidWZajbenYjZidi]Zi^bZ[gVbZgZfj^gZYidYZkZadeegd_ZXihVcYVX]^ZkZXdbbZgX^VaVcY [^cVcX^VaXadhZ!l]^ahii]ZgZkZcjZXdci^cjZhidigVYZegZY^XiVWandcXZegd_ZXihVgZhZXjgZY#6lVgYh^cigVchedgideZgVi^dch VcYbV^ciZcVcXZ"dcanegd_ZXihVhh^hiZY^cbV^ciV^c^c\i]^hdgYZgWdd`#I]ZdgYZgWdd`idiVaaZYG)!+W^aa^dc# ;D8JH<D>C< ;DGL6G9 J[Y^d_YWb"fheZkYjWdZXki_d[ii fWhjd[hi^_fi\ehCWdk\WYjkh_d] h[cW_dW\eYki$ DeZgVi^dchVcY bV^ciZcVcXZ deedgijc^i^Zh h]djaYWZZmeadgZY ^cbdgZhZXidghVcY\Zd\gVe]^Zh d[[i]Z\gdjeÉhgZXZcihjXXZhh ^cgZVaZhiViZ!deZgVi^dchVcY bV^ciZcVcXZVcYEda^h]VcY O^bWVWlZidaadeZgVi^c\ XdcXZhh^dch# LZcZZYidXdci^cjZidYZa^kZgdcdjghiViZYhigViZ\nd[XdcXZhh^dchedgi[da^d \gdli]i]gdj\]/ :hiVWa^h]^c\[jijgZgZijgch^cedlZg!gZVaZhiViZEEEhVcYigVchedgi XdcXZhh^dch^cHdji]Zgc6[g^XVi]gdj\]hZXjg^c\XdcigVXiVlVgYh >cXgZVh^c\[dXjhheZX^[^XVaandcedlZgVcYd^aVcY\VhVcY[jgi]Zg igVchedgideZgVi^dchVcYbV^ciZcVcXZegd_ZXihgZfj^gZYidZmigVXi bVm^bjbWZcZ[^i[gdbi]Z^bb^cZcideedgijc^i^Zh^cHdji]Zgc! :VhiVcYLZhi6[g^XV *& C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY 8VeVX^inWj^aY^c\ VcY^ciZgcVa [^icZhh >beVXi I]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\nVcY dkZg"WdgYZgZmeVch^dc gZfj^gZYi]ZYZkZadebZci d[h`^aahVcYXVeVX^inbdgZ gVe^Yani]Vcl]VilVh ^c^i^VaanVci^X^eViZY# 6hlZZmeZg^ZcXZYaVg\Z \gdli]^cgZkZcjZ^c8^k^a :c\^cZZg^c\d[[VadlZg WVhZ!Yjg^c\i]ZnZVghdbZ ZmZXji^dcX]VaaZc\ZhlZgZ ]^\]a^\]iZY#6hi]Z hZ\bZcihZXjgZYgZXdgY gZkZcjZh!i]ZiZVb hj[[ZgZYhdbZaViZ bdW^a^hVi^dcdcV[Zl XdcigVXihVcYeg^X^c\ Zggdgh!l]^X]aZYidbVg\^c Zgdh^dc# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) LZlZgZZmeZg^ZcX^c\ VYY^i^dcVaXdhi!g^h`! ^cZ[[^X^ZcXnVcYadhi deedgijc^i^Zh^ciZgbh d[]Vk^c\VXi^k^i^ZhVcY igVchVXi^dchZmZXjiZY VihZ\bZciaZkZagVi]Zg i]VcXZcigVaandcWZ]Va[ d[i]Z[jaa\gdje# *' 6Xi^dchiV`Zc AZVc!eZgbVcZciYZY^XViZY\gdjedeZgVi^dcVad[[^XZ adXVi^dchlZgZZhiVWa^h]ZY^ciVg\Zi\Zd\gVe]^Zh^c LZhiVcY:Vhi6[g^XVVcYHdji]Zgc9ZkZadebZci 8djcig^Zh# I]Z\gdje^cXgZVhZY^ihXVeVX^in^ca^cZl^i]^ih higViZ\^XYZkZadebZcidkZgi]ZaVhi[ZlnZVgh!l^i] Vaad[i]Z\gdjeÉhhZ\bZcihcdl]Vk^c\ZhiVWa^h]ZY gZkZcjZhigZVbh^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV# LZVgZ[dXjh^c\dcXadhZanbVcV\^c\VcYbdc^idg^c\ XdcigVXieZg[dgbVcXZVcYadhh"bV`Zgh!l^i] ZmZXji^kZ^ckdakZbZci!VhgZfj^gZY#LZXg^i^XVaan VhhZhhiZcYZghÉegZ"VlVgY!l^i]V[dXjhdc deZgVi^dcVa!XdbbZgX^VaVcY[^cVcX^Vag^h`!^cXajY^c\ i]ZVYZfjViZaZkZad[bVg\^cVcYXVh]gZfj^gZY dcXdcigVXih# Djg^ciZgcVaÆgZY[aV\ÇhnhiZb[^ghiY^gZXihbVcV\^c\ Y^gZXidgh!i]ZcZmZXji^kZiZVbbZbWZghid^ciZgkZcZ ^cXdcigVXihi]Vih]dlh^\chd[WZXdb^c\Y^higZhhZY# 9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!i]^hegdXZhhgZhjaiZY^chjXXZhh[ja hZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci^ciZgkZci^dcVcYXdggZXi^kZ VXi^dc# 9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!lZXgZViZY`ZnXZcigZhd[ZmXZaaZcXZ ^ci]Z\gdje!l]^X]l^aaZc]VcXZh]VgZYhZgk^XZhVcY Yg^kZWZhiegVXi^XZ^chjeedgiVgZVh#LZl^aa[jgi]Zg Wj^aYdci]ZÆdcZXdbeVcnÇlVnd[deZgVi^c\idZchjgZ ^begdkZYXgdhh"Wjh^cZhh^ciZ\gVi^dc# LZgZYjXZYXdbeaZm^inVcYXdhiVcY^begdkZYi]Z heZZYVcYZ[[^X^ZcXnd[Wjh^cZhhhjeedgi deZgVi^dchdkZgi]ZaVhi[ZlnZVgh#9jg^c\i]Z nZVg!Vaad[i]Z\gdjeÉh<VjiZc\ZbeadnZZhbdkZY [gdbh^mY^[[ZgZci\Zd\gVe]^XVaanhegZVYadXVi^dch ^ciddcZ^ciZ\gViZYXZcigVad[[^XZ#I]^h]VhVagZVYn ]VY]j\Zanedh^i^kZ^beVXih^ciZgbhd[]dllZ deZgViZVhV\gdje# 7ZcZ[^ihi]Vil^aahiVgiid[adli]gdj\]^cXajYZXdhi gZYjXi^dc!VhheZX^Va^hihVgZgZhedch^WaZ[dgZVX] hjeedgihZgk^XZdcWZ]Va[d[i]Z\gdje#:Xdcdb^Zhd[ hXVaZl^aaWZVX]^ZkZYVcYg^h`gZYjXZYi]gdj\]i]Z ^cigdYjXi^dcd[hZ\gZ\Vi^dcd[Yji^ZhVcYigVcheVgZcXn d[VXi^k^i^Zhl^i]^cZVX]Wjh^cZhh# LZ]VkZidXdci^cjZYg^k^c\ ^cXgZVhZYY^kZgh^in^ci]Z \gdje# LZ]VkZ[dXjhZYdcZchjg^c\Y^kZgh^ind[djg_jc^dg VcYb^YYaZbVcV\ZbZci!WjicZZYidcdlegd\gZhh ^ciZgbhd[hZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci#LZ]VkZ[dXjhZY eaVch^ceaVXZ[dgi]^h# mmm GZ[Zgidi]ZhjeeaZbZciVgn hZXi^dcd[i]Z^ciZ\gViZYVccjVa gZedgiVilll#\gdje[^kZ#Xd#oV# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl =dlYdlZbZVhjgZ^beVXi4 ;D8JH<D>C< ;DGL6G9 DkZg"WdgYZgZbeadnbZci ')d[idiVaZbeadnZZh d[&))-* H`^aahigV^c^c\dkZg"WdgYZg ,d[&).'-\gdje igV^c^c\^ciZgkZci^dch ;daadl^c\V[dXjhdc\gdje" l^YZhjXXZhh^dceaVcc^c\dkZg i]ZaVhiildnZVgh!lZcZZYid Xdci^cjZidh[\_d[j^[ ikYY[ii_edfbWdi[dgi]Z \gdjeÉhhZc^dgaZVYZgh]^e LZl^aaYedj_dk[je\eYkidc ldg`^c\XVe^iVabVcV\ZbZci! XdhibVcV\ZbZciVcY Veea^XVi^dcd[[jcYhid Veegdeg^ViZ^ckZhibZcih *#&d[idiVaZbeadnZZh^ciVg\ZiXViZ\dg^Zh 8g^i^XVah`^aahkVXVcX^ZhVgZ 8 dcigVXiadhh"$egd[^i"bV`ZggVi^dbZVhjgZYWnkVajZlVh'(XdbeVgZYid&( Vi9ZXZbWZg'%&(VcY?jcZ'%&( :mXajY^c\dcZheZX^[^Xadhh"bV`^c\XdcigVXigZXdgYZYl^i]^ci]Z 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\hZ\bZci!i]Z\gdjeÉhXdcigVXiadhh"$egd[^i"bV`ZggVi^d bZVhjgZYWnkVajZldjaY]VkZWZZc&- ;daadl^c\i]ZVXi^dchiV`Zc i]gdj\]djg^ciZgcVa[^icZhh egd\gVbbZh!i]Z\gdje^hcdl VYYgZhh^c\^ihh]dgiV\Zd[ heVgZXVeVX^inidZh_l[_ji ijhWj[]_YW][dZW!^cXajY^c\ deZgVi^dcVaXVeVX^inidZmeVcY ^cidcZliZgg^idg^ZhVcYhZXidgh : hiVWa^h]bZcid[VcjbWZgd[XZcigVa^hZYhZgk^XZhYZeVgibZcihl]^X]]Vh VagZVYnhiVgiZYidYZbdchigViZiVc\^WaZgZijgcdc^ckZhibZci^ciZgbhd[g^h` b^i^\Vi^dc#>i^hZmeZXiZYid^cigdYjXZXdhigZYjXi^dc^ci]ZbZY^jbiZgb! ^cXajY^c\/ >beaZbZciVi^dcd[XZcigVa^hZYVXXdjci^c\hZgk^XZh >begdkZbZcidcXZcigVa^hZYegdXjgZ"id"eVnegdXZhh 8ZcigVa^hZY[VX^a^i^ZhbVcV\ZbZci 8ZcigVa^hVi^dcVcYhiVcYVgY^hZYgZXgj^ibZci >beaZbZciVi^dcd[VXZcigVaan"bVcV\ZY^ciZ\gViZYZbeadnZZhZgk^XZhjc^i! l]^X][dXjhZhdci]ZZ[[^X^ZciVYb^c^higVi^dcd[ZbeadnZZcZZYh >beaZbZciVi^dcd[hiVcYVgY^hZYh^iZVYb^c^higVi^dc 6Xi^dchVgZ^cegd\gZhhid VX]^ZkZVc_cfhel[Z]hemj^ jhW`[Yjeho#I]ZhZ^cXajYZ/ I]ZbdhibViZg^Va^ckZhibZci^c^beaZbZci^c\i]ZhZX]Vc\ZhlVh i]ZbdkZd[i]ZbV_dg^ind[<VjiZc\hZ\bZcihiddcZ^ciZ\gViZY XZcigVad[[^XZ#6ai]dj\]i]^hbdkZXVbZl^i]Vc^cXgZVhZYdeZgVi^c\ aZVhZXdhiidi]Z\gdje!hVk^c\hVgZVagZVYnWZ^c\gZVa^hZY# GZ[Zgid eV\Z&'%# :beadnbZciZfj^inhXdgZXVgYegd\gZhh^dc ;'%&( <(&'* HZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci &. () B^YYaZbVcV\ZbZci ', (/ ?jc^dgbVcV\ZbZci ,* -, I]Z<gdje;^kZ6XVYZbn VcY=GbZcidg^c\ egd\gVbbZl^aagZ[dXjhdc Wj^aY^c\deZgVi^dcVa XVeVX^inYdlcidh^iZaZkZa! gVi]Zgi]Vcdcani]gdj\] bVcV\ZbZciegd\gVbbZh GZk^Zl^c\i]ZdeZgVi^c\ higjXijgZh^ci]ZaVg\Zg 8dchigjXi^dcWjh^cZhhZhid jcadX`cZliVaZciVcY ZbeadnbZciZfj^in deedgijc^i^Zh :bWZYY^c\i]Z\gdje eZgbVcZcian^chZaZXiZY Xdjcig^Zhl^i]aZVc!Wji adXVa!aZVYZgh]^eidYg^kZ Wjh^cZhhYZkZadebZciVcY hjeedgideZgVi^dch 8dci^cjdjh^ciZgcVa[^icZhh egd\gVbbZhid]dcZ Z[[^X^ZcX^Zh!gZYjXZg^h` VcYh]ZYlVhiZ *( <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) :[b_l[h_d]WYecfb[j[ *) ckbj_#Z_iY_fb_dWho YedijhkYj_edfWYaW][ NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl 97I;IJK:O IgVchcZiA^b^iZYÉhCZlBjai^"EgdYjXiE^eZa^cZCBEE XdcigVXi^hVcZmVbeaZd[VcjbWZgd[i]Z\gdjeÉh hZ\bZcihldg`^c\id\Zi]Zg#I]^hXdcigVXi[dgVcVi^dcVaan higViZ\^XcZl,%%`^adbZigZe^eZa^cZVcYVhhdX^ViZY ^c[gVhigjXijgZhiVgiZY^c'%&&VcY^ckdakZh<gdje;^kZ 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\!7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\!Egd_ZXihVcY :c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dcidegdk^YZVjc^[^ZY bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdchigjXi^dchdaji^dc# I]ZXdcigVXi^ckdakZhVcjbWZgd[e]VhZh#I]ZbV^c e^eZa^cZlVhYZh^\cZYidXdckZnkVg^djheZigdaZjb egdYjXihWZilZZc9jgWVcVcY?d]VccZhWjg\# I]^hlVh[daadlZYWni]ZXdchigjXi^dcd[[^kZaVg\Zejbe hiVi^dch^c@lVOjaj"CViVai]VigZfj^gZY[djgd[i]Z \gdjeÉhhZ\bZcihidYZa^kZgi]Z]ZVknX^k^ah!bZX]Vc^XVa VcYZaZXig^XVaXdchigjXi^dcldg`gZfj^gZY[dgXdbeaZi^dc d[i]^he]VhZd[i]Z^c[gVhigjXijgZ# <gdje;^kZÉhhigViZ\n]Vhegd\gZhhZY dkZgi]ZaVhi[ZlnZVghid^cXajYZV higdc\VW^a^inidYZa^kZgbjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgn XdchigjXi^dcXdcigVXih# I]ZaVhihiV\Z^hi]ZXdchigjXi^dcd[hde]^hi^XViZY eZigdaZjb]VcYa^c\VcYhidgV\Z[VX^a^i^ZhViZVX]ZcYd[ i]Ze^eZa^cZ#I]^h^cXajYZhi]ZX^k^ah!bZX]Vc^XVaVcY ZaZXig^XVa^chiVaaVi^dc!iVc`V\ZVcYe^e^c\#H^b^aVgidi]Z di]Zge]VhZhd[i]ZXdcigVXi!i]^he]VhZVahdgZfj^gZh h^\c^[^XVciad\^hi^XVaeaVcc^c\!`cdlaZY\ZVcYgZhdjgX^c\ idYZa^kZgiZX]c^XVaanXdbeaZmhnhiZbh#I]ZhidgV\ZVcY ]VcYa^c\eaVciXdcigVXih^cXajYZ]ZVknXdcXgZiZ higjXijgZhWZadlVcYVWdkZ\gdjcY!VhlZaaVhlViZg gZiV^c^c\iVc`hVcYZmiZch^kZZVgi]ldg`hgZaVi^c\idi]Z gZ"Zc\^cZZg^c\d[i]ZZm^hi^c\h^iZh#;jgi]ZgaVg\Z XdbedcZcihVgZbZX]Vc^XVaVcYZaZXig^XVaZfj^ebZci ^chiVaaVi^dc!e^e^c\VcYZaZXig^XVa^chiVaaVi^dchVcY ^chigjbZciVi^dc!VhlZaaVhi]ZYZh^\cVcYXdchigjXi^dc d[i]ZiVc`V\Z[dgV[jZaiVc`[Vgb# 7j^aY^c\ldg`hXdch^hid[hjW"hiVi^dch!VYb^c^higVi^dc Wj^aY^c\h!aVWdgVidg^Zh!gZhZgkd^gh!lViZghZlZgh![^gZ gZi^XjaVi^dcVcYVhhdX^ViZYgdVYldg`h# I]Z\gdjeÉhBVcj[VXijg^c\XajhiZglVhXdcigVXiZYid hjeeanXdchigjXi^dchiZZahjX]VhgZWVgVcYbZh][gdb ^ih7G>Wjh^cZhh# I]^hXdcigVXiYZbdchigViZh<gdje;^kZÉhVW^a^inidd[[ZgV XdbeaZiZbjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdchigjXi^dceVX`V\ZVcY^ih VW^a^inidbVcV\ZhV[ZindcXdbeaZmXdcigVXih!l^i]i]Z adhi"i^bZ^c_jgn[gZZgViZVi%# ** C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY I]Z\gdjeXdci^cjZYidYg^kZ^ihXdbb^ibZciidlVgYhOZgd=VgbYjg^c\i]ZnZVgi]gdj\] VXi^kZ^ckdakZbZciViZkZgnaZkZa#I]Zadhi"i^bZ^c_jgn[gZfjZcXngViZXaZVganh]dlZY Vc^begdkZbZcidkZgi]ZnZVg[gdb%#',id%#&,ZkZcV\V^chih^\c^[^XVcian^cXgZVhZY XdcigVXih#=dlZkZg!i]gZZ[ViVa^i^ZhYjg^c\i]ZnZVggZfj^gZY[jgi]ZgZmZXji^kZbVcV\ZbZci ^ciZgkZci^dcVcYZc]VcXZbZciidi]ZVeea^XVi^dcd[i]Z]ZVai]!hV[Zin!Zck^gdcbZci VcYfjVa^inH=:FegVXi^XZh# BVcV\^c\hV[Zin ^cX^YZcih >beVXi 6Xi^dchiV`Zc I]ZjcVXXZeiVWaZ[ViVa^i^Zhi]Vi ^cXjggZYcZXZhh^iViZYVgZk^Zl d[i]ZH=:FegVXi^XZhWn bVcV\ZbZci#I]^hVeegdVX]lVh Veea^ZYidZchjgZi]Vii]Z]ZVai] VcYhV[Zind[ZbeadnZZhXdci^cjZh idWZV`Zn[dXjhdcZVX]XdcigVXi# 7VhZYdci]Z[ViVa^i^Zh!VcjbWZgd[ XdggZXi^kZVXi^dchlZgZ^bbZY^ViZan iV`Zc!l]^X]^cXajYZY/ HZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci]ZaYV Hide[dgHV[ZinXVbeV^\c!l]^X] ^cXajYZYgZigV^c^c\ZbeadnZZh dci]Zg^h`heZgiV^c^c\idZVX] eVgi^XjaVgVgZV <gdje"l^YZ^ciZgkZci^dch hjX]VhgV^h^c\i]ZhiVcYVgY d[^YZci^[^XVi^dcVcYb^i^\Vi^dc d[g^h`hVcYXdcYjXi^c\ WZ]Vk^djgVaiVa`hVgdjcY eZghdcVahV[Zin!l^i]YV^an ^cheZXi^dchidlVgYhXdbea^VcXZ VcYi]Z^bedgiVcXZd[gZedgi^c\ jchV[ZVXihVcYXdcY^i^dch <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) 6c^cigdYjXi^dcd[VXZcigVa H=:F8ZcigZd[:mXZaaZcXZ hjeedgiZYWni]ZZmZXji^kZ Xdbb^iiZZbZbWZgh^h XjggZcianWZ^c\Xdch^YZgZY[dg ^ciZ\gVi^dc#I]^hl^aaXdci^cjZ idXdcig^WjiZidi]ZOZgd=Vgb iVg\ZiVcYXdbea^VcXZidlVgYh VaagZaZkVci^ciZgcVi^dcVa! cVi^dcVaVcYgZ\jaVidgn gZfj^gZbZcih *+ 9ZiV^aZYVcVanh^hd[Vaa ^cX^YZcihidVhh^hi^ci]Z Z[[ZXi^kZbVcV\ZbZcid[g^h`h! ^cXgZVhZi]ZgZedgi^c\d[jchV[Z VXihVcYXdcY^i^dchl^i]dji VWaVbZXjaijgZ!VhlZaaVh [jgi]Zg^chi^ai]ZdlcZgh]^e d[eZghdcVahV[Zin NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl =dlYdlZbZVhjgZi]^h4 ADHI"I>B:>C?JGN;G:FJ:C8NG6I:AI>;G ;6I6A>I>:H ;'%&) ('ZbeadnZZh! &hjW"XdcigVXidg ;'%&( &ZbeadnZZ ;'%&' &hjW"XdcigVXidg ;'%&& +hjW"XdcigVXidgh ;'%&% *'ZbeadnZZh! (hjW"XdcigVXidgh C:6GB>HH:H CZVgb^hhZhVgZjceaVccZY ZkZcihi]ViY^YcdigZhjai^c ^c_jgn!^aacZhhdgYVbV\Z!Wji ]VYi]ZediZci^VaidYdhd# &$*) +,/ ;'%&( **& ;'%&' -.% ;'%&& .%- ;'%&% *,' &$+* &$(- &$(' ;'%&% <(&'* ;'%&& ;'%&' &$'- ;'%&( ;'%&) AI>;GÄ:BEADN::H6C9HJ7"8DCIG68IDGHGDAA>C<&'BDCI=H 6\V^chiVc^cXgZVhZd[bVc]djghgZXdgYZY!^c_jg^ZhYZXgZVhZY!VhlZaaVhVc^begdkZbZci^ci]ZhjW"XdcigVXidghV[ZinWVhZ# BZVhjgZ <(&'* ;'%&( ;'%&' ;'%&& ;'%&% ;'%%. ;'%%- ;'%%, ;'%%+ AI>;GeZgbVcZciZbeadnZZhS &$() %#'& %#'% %#(+ %#(( %#(. %#*% %#+) %#-* AI>;GhjW"XdcigVXidgh &$') %#(( %#+( &#%( %#.- &#%' &#(. &#*( &#,+ 8dbW^cZY &$'- %#', %#'& %#*) %#)( %#** %#.' &#() &#,+ :miZgcVaanVhhjgZY[dgi]Z[^ghii^bZ^c;'%&)# S :beadnZZh^cHdji]6[g^XVVcYi]ZgZhid[6[g^XV# IdiVacjbWZgd[adhi"i^bZ^c_jgnXVhZh[dgi]Z\gdjem'%%%%%$idiVa]djgh[dgi]Z\gdje# *, C7J;H?7B?IIK;ED; 8]VaaZc\^c\XdcY^i^dch^cdjg`ZnbVg`Zih C7J;H?7B?IIK;JME DeZgVi^dcVa^h^c\djghigViZ\n C7J;H?7B?IIK;J>H;; ;jgi]ZgbVijg^in^chV[ZinXjaijgZgZfj^gZY BVcV\^c\hV[Zin ^cX^YZcih I=:<GDJE>HH699:C:97NI=:ADHHD;A>K:H>CDJG DE:G6I>DCH#DJG8DC9DA:C8:H<DDJIIDI=:;6B>A>:H# >c8dchigjXi^dc >cBVcj[VXijg^c\ BI=D@DO>H>CM:A:!Vc ZbeadnZZViHeg^c\<gdkZ YVb^c@lVOjaj"CViVa! jc[dgijcViZanha^eeZYl]^ahi aZVk^c\VcV\gZZYYZh^\cViZY lVa`lVn!XVjh^c\]^bid[Vaa Veegdm^bViZan&*bZigZh# G>66CL=>I:!VcZbeadnZZ ViCdWaZh[dciZ^c!VedlZgh^iZ ^ci]ZCdgi]Zgc8VeZ!lVh higjX`l^i]VXZbZciejbe e^eZl]^X]hljc\djid[ XdcigdaYjZidVcjc`cdlc WadX`V\Z!gZhjai^c\^c]^b [Vaa^c\VcY]^ii^c\]^h]ZVY# 6i:kZg^iZ^c<VjiZc\! 66GDCG69:7:!V XdcigVXi^c\ZbeadnZZ!lVh Vhh^hi^c\VXdaaZV\jZidejbe \gZnlViZgdjid[VhZlV\Z ejbehiVi^dcl^i]VeZigda ejbe#6hi]ZcdgbVaegVXi^XZ Y^Ycdildg`!i]ZZbeadnZZh YZX^YZYidadlZgi]ZeZigda ejbe^cidi]ZXdc[^cZYheVXZ l]^X]XVjhZYi]ZXVgWdc bdcdm^YZegdYjXZYid ^bbZY^ViZanYZeaZiZi]Z dmn\Zc#I]^hXVjhZYWdi] ZbeadnZZhidWZXdbZ jcXdchX^djh#6Vgdc jc[dgijcViZan[Zaa^cidh]Vaadl lViZgVcYYgdlcZY# ;D8JH<D>C< ;DGL6G9 I]Z^cigdYjXi^dcd[VH=:F8ZcigZd[:mXZaaZcXZhjeedgiZYWni]ZZmZXji^kZ Xdbb^iiZZbZbWZgh^hXjggZcianWZ^c\eaVccZY#I]^hl^aaXdci^cjZidXdcig^WjiZ idi]ZOZgd=VgbiVg\ZiVcYXdbea^VcXZidlVgYhVaagZaZkVci^ciZgcVi^dcVa! cVi^dcVaVcYgZ\jaVidgngZfj^gZbZcih# I]ZiZVbl^aaXdch^hid[heZX^Va^hiVcYlZaa"igV^cZYbdi^kViZYH=:F egd[Zhh^dcVahl]dYZa^kZgWZndcYi]ZXa^ZciZmeZXiVi^dcViVgZYjXZYXdhi VcYg^h`#I]^hl^aaZchjgZVhiVcYVgY^hZYVeegdVX]# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) BVcV\ZbZci]VkZVkZgnXaZVghV[ZinV\ZcYV^ceaVXZid/ *- b V`ZhV[ZineZg[dgbVcXZVbdgZ dcZgdjhbZig^Xd[bVcV\ZbZciÉh kVg^VWaZeVn Y g^kZZmZXji^kZVXXdjciVW^a^in! l^i]eZghdcVaVXXdjciVW^a^in[dg ^ckZhi^\Vi^dcVcYXdggZXi^kZVXi^dc WnbVcV\ZbZciiZVbhVcYcdi dcanhV[ZiniZVbh X dbeZiZcXZiZhihV[ZinegdXZYjgZh VXgdhhi]Z\gdje gZhigjXijgZi]ZhV[Zin dg\Vc^hVi^dcVahigjXijgZ!l]^X] bVngZhjai^ciV`^c\h^iZhV[Zin eZghdccZa^cidVXZcigVaanbVcV\ZY iZVbidZchjgZi]Vi[jaanigV^cZY VcYXdbeZiZci^cY^k^YjVahVgZ YZeadnZYidh^iZhVcYgZijgc[dg gZ"Vhh^\cbZciedhiXdbeaZi^dc# DjgXjggZcih^ijVi^dc^ckdakZhh^iZh ]^g^c\hV[ZineZghdccZa!l]^X] hdbZi^bZhgZhjai^cZbeadnZZh l^i]a^b^iZYXVeVW^a^i^ZhVcY ^cVYZfjViZigV^c^c\ NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl GdVYhV[ZinVcYbdidg kZ]^XaZVXX^YZcih!heZX^[^XVaan a^\]iYjinkZ]^XaZh Ldg`^c\Vi]Z^\]ih Ldg`^c\^cXdc[^cZYheVXZh A;O I7<;JO H?IAI 79HEIIJ>; =HEKF :fj^ebZcihV[Z\jVgY^c\! hjX]VhidegZkZcibdk^c\ eVgih]^ii^c\hdbZdcZ DeZgVi^c\hjg[VXZbdW^aZVcY a^[i^c\Zfj^ebZci >hdaVi^dcd[ZaZXig^XVaZfj^ebZci ID699G:HHI=:H:G>H@H!I=:<GDJE8DCI>CJ:HID>BEA:B:CI>BEGDK:B:CIH!>C8AJ9>C</ 96>AN IDDA7DM I6A@H 8dci^cjVabdc^idg^c\ VcYbZVhjgZbZci d[Xdbea^VcXZ V\V^chicVi^dcVa VcY^ciZgcVi^dcVa aZ\^haVi^dcVcY\gdje hiVcYVgYh 8DBBJC>86I>DCH6J9>IHID:CHJG: I=6IG>H@6HH:HHB:CIH6C9 6HH><C:9I6H@H6G:JC9:GHIDD9 EG>DGIDI=::M:8JI>DCD;I6H@H KVg^djh ^cheZXi^dchdch^iZ idZkVajViZi]Z fjVa^ind[hZgk^XZ YZa^kZgZY 8DCIG68IDG H6;:IN! =:6AI=6C9 :CK>GDCB:CI6A G:K>:LH HeZX^[^XhV[Zin XVbeV^\ch IJEF ;DGH6;:IN 86BE6><CH dcVgZ\jaVgWVh^h K>H>7A:;:AI A:69:GH=>E :C<6<:B:CIH *. 6\V^chiidj\]bVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch!i]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\^X edh^i^dc^c\VcYWjh^cZhhbdYZaYZa^kZgZYVWgdVYZg ^c[gVhigjXijgZd[[Zg^c\!l]^X]Xdcig^WjiZYidi]Z hda^YeZg[dgbVcXZ# 8g^hi^cV;gZ^iVhIZ^mZ^gV8]^Z[[^cVcX^Vad[[^XZg <_dWdY_WbWdZef[hWj_edWb f[h\ehcWdY[ mmm GZ[Zgidi]ZhjeeaZbZciVgn hZXi^dcd[i]Z^ciZ\gViZY VccjVagZedgiVi lll#\gdje[^kZ#Xd#oV# I]^hhegZVYh]djaYWZgZVY^cXdc_jcXi^dcl^i]i]ZVjY^iZY VccjVa[^cVcX^VahiViZbZcihXdciV^cZY^ci]ZhjeeaZbZciVgn hZXi^dcd[i]Z^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi# ' <GDJEG:HJAIH <gdjehiVi^hi^Xh[dgi]ZnZVgZcYZY(%?jcZ'%&) <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) <(&'* +% ;'%&( GZkZcjZÄGÉ%%% (. '+))/,)& &&%)(&), DeZgVi^c\egd[^iÄGÉ%%% '' ,*,.*, *'-')* :Vgc^c\heZgh]VgZÄXZcih *' *&' '+) ;jaanY^ajiZY]ZVYa^cZZVgc^c\heZgh]VgZ [gdbXdci^cj^c\deZgVi^dchÄXZcih '+ *&& (&- 9^k^YZcYheZgh]VgZÄXZcih ). '&& +, (/'((*& '.*)&'( (+"// '&!+* Ä Ä '-"' &.!% 8Vh]ÄGÉ%%% CZiVhhZikVajZÄGeZgh]VgZ CZiYZWiidZfj^ingVi^d IdiVadgYZgWdd`ÄW^aa^dc Ä '% Ä &% GZhiViZY[dg[^ghi"i^bZVYdei^dcd[>;GH&&!?d^ci6ggVc\ZbZcihVcY>6H&.GZk^hZY!:beadnZZ7ZcZ[^ih# I diVadgYZgWdd`^hi]Zhjbd[i]Z\gdjeÉh8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`VcYDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd`# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl 6hdjia^cZYdceV\Zh'-id(&!i]Z Hdji]6[g^XVcbVg`ZigZbV^ch XdbeVgVi^kZanlZV`!l^i]jcXZgiV^cin^c iZgbhd[i^b^c\d[XdcigVXiVlVgYh! ZmVXZgWViZYWni]ZXdci^cjZYijgWjaZcXZ VgdjcYadXVaaVWdjg!VlZV`XjggZcXn VcYVhadlYdlc^cVXi^k^i^Zh^chdbZd[ i]ZhZXidgh^cl]^X]i]Z\gdjeigVYZh# I]Z[daadl^c\[VXidghgZhjaiZY^ci]Z\gdjeÉhgZedgiZYidiVadeZgVi^c\egd[^i/ =hekf H jgeajhdci]Z\gdjeÉheZch^dc[jcYd[G+!.b^aa^dc;'%&(/ G.!*b^aa^dcVhVgZhjaid[VcVXijVg^VakVajVi^dcVhhZhhbZci!d[[hZiWn I]ZgZhid[6[g^XVÉh^c[gVhigjXijgZ gZbV^chVcVgZVd[[dXjh!VcYV XdbeZaa^c\bZY^jbidadc\iZgb\gdli] Yg^kZg[dgi]Z\gdje#=dlZkZg!^i^h VXXdbeVc^ZYl^i]adc\egd_ZXi YZkZadebZcieZg^dYh[dgi]ZaVg\Zg XdcigVXiVlVgYh# 6X]Vg\ZV\V^chiZVgc^c\hd[G(%!%b^aa^dc;'%&(/G'*!%b^aa^dc VhVgZhjaid[i]Z^beaZbZciVi^dcd[i]Z\gdjeÉhgZk^hZYWgdVY"WVhZY WaVX`ZXdcdb^XZbedlZgbZci777::dlcZgh]^eigVchVXi^dc VeegdkZYWnh]VgZ]daYZgh^c;'%&( BVg`ZihZci^bZci^c:VhiZgc:jgdeZ^h bdgZedh^i^kZi]Vci]ViZmeZg^ZcXZYdkZg i]ZaVhii]gZZnZVgh# 6\V^chii]ZhZbVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch!i]Z \gdjeÉhhigViZ\^Xedh^i^dc^c\VcY Wjh^cZhhbdYZaYZa^kZgZYVWgdVYZg ^c[gVhigjXijgZd[[Zg^c\!l]^X]Xdcig^WjiZY idi]Zhda^YeZg[dgbVcXZ#LZVgZ i]ZgZ[dgZeaZVhZYidgZedgi^begdkZY gZhjaih!l^i]^cXgZVhZYgZkZcjZ! deZgVi^c\egd[^iVcYZVgc^c\hdkZgi]Z XdbeVgVWaZgZedgi^c\eZg^dY#>ih]djaY WZcdiZYi]Vii]Z;'%&(gZhjaih[dgi]Z 8dchigjXi^dcXajhiZglZgZhdbZl]Vi Y^ajiZYWnVX]Vg\ZV\V^chiZVgc^c\h [daadl^c\bVcV\ZbZciÉhYZX^h^dcid gV^hZVegdk^h^dcV\V^chii]Zg^h`d[V 8dbeZi^i^dc8dbb^hh^dcVYb^c^higVi^kZ eZcVain# I]ZjcYZgan^c\eZg[dgbVcXZd[Vaai]Z \gdjeÉhWjh^cZhhZhlVheaZVh^c\^ci]Z XdciZmid[lZV`Hdji]6[g^XVcbVg`Zih VcY^ca^cZl^i]ZmeZXiVi^dch!l^i]i]Z ZmXZei^dcd[VhadlZgi]VcZmeZXiZY hZXdcY]Va[gZXdkZgn^c8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\# I]ZXdcig^Wji^dcd[i]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\^X edh^i^dc^c\[dgVccj^in"ineZWjh^cZhhZh d[>ckZhibZcihVcY8dcXZhh^dch! BVcj[VXijg^c\VcYdeZgVi^dchVcY bV^ciZcVcXZXdcigVXih!VhlZaaVhi]Z \gdjeÉhhigdc\gZejiVi^dc^c6[g^XVc b^c^c\VcYZcZg\nVcY^ihaZVY^c\ edh^i^dc^ci]ZHdji]6[g^XVclViZgVcY edlZghZXidg]Vhb^i^\ViZYi]ZZ[[ZXihd[ Xdci^cjZY[gV\^a^in^ci]ZHdji]6[g^XVc Wj^aY^c\VcYX^k^aZc\^cZZg^c\bVg`Zihid hdbZZmiZci# 9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!i]Z\gdjeXdci^cjZYid ^beaZbZcii]ZegjYZciVeegdVX] egZk^djhanVYdeiZY^ciZgbhd[Wdi]i]Z fjVa^ind[i]ZdgYZgWdd`hZXjgZYVcY^ih e]^adhde]nidlVgYhXVh]egZhZgkVi^dcid [jcYVXi^k^inl]^X]l^aahjeedgi[jijgZ egd[^i\gdli]# 9edijhkYj_ed 9_l_b;d]_d[[h_d] Ä 6hgZedgiZYVi^ciZg^bgZhjaihYViZ!bVg\^chlZgZ^beVXiZYWn bVcV\ZbZciÉhbdgZXVji^djhk^Zldci]ZZhi^bViZY[^cVa XdbeaZi^dcbVg\^cdcildXdcigVXih#>ci]ZhZXdcY]Va[!lZhVl VhadlZgi]VcZmeZXiZYgZXdkZgnd[bVg\^ch Ä I]Zedh^i^kZ^beVXid[VgZYjXi^dc^ci]ZadhhZhVcYdeZgVi^c\ XdhihgZedgiZY[gdbi]ZB^YYaZ:VhideZgVi^dch^ca^cZl^i] [dgZXVhi 8k_bZ_d]WdZ>eki_d] Ä 6gZh^a^ZcieZg[dgbVcXZ[gdbi]ZhZ\bZci!YZa^kZg^c\i]Z^ggZhjaih [gdbVbV^canHdji]6[g^XVcdgYZgWdd` Fhe`[Yji Ä 8 dci^cjZYhda^YeZg[dgbVcXZ[daadl^c\higdc\VXi^k^in^c6[g^XVc b^c^c\gZhdjgXZh ;d]_d[[h_d]9edijhkYj_ed;!9 G dWjhi\gdli]^ci]ZXajhiZgVcY^begdkZYigVY^c\gZhjaih!Vai]dj\] l^i]aV\\^c\bVg\^cheZcY^c\[^cVaXdbeaZi^dcV\gZZbZcihdc XjggZciXdcigVXih CWdk\WYjkh_d] GdWjhiZVgc^c\h[daadl^c\bVcV\ZbZciÉh[dXjhdcZ[[^X^ZcX^Zh ?dl[ijc[djiWdZ9edY[ii_edi D c\d^c\higdc\deZgVi^c\eZg[dgbVcXZ[gdb>c[gVhigjXijgZ 8dcXZhh^dch ; V^gkVajZjelVgYVY_jhibZcihd[G-(!-b^aa^dc;'%&(/G-+!*b^aa^dc [gdbi]Z\gdjeÉh^ckZhibZcih^c^ihhZgk^XZXdcXZhh^dch >cVYY^i^dc!cZiZVgc^c\hlZgZedh^i^kZanV[[ZXiZYWn/ 9^hXdci^cjZYdeZgVi^dch 6gZYjXi^dc^ci]ZadhhZhgZedgiZYWni]Z8dchigjXi^dcBViZg^Vah Y^hXdci^cjZYWjh^cZhhZh!l^i]VcZiadhhd[G(!%b^aa^dc ;'%&(/adhhG),!-b^aa^dc +& ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZXdci^cjZY ( DE:G6I>DC6A E:G;DGB6C8: 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE G:K:CJ: +$/ ?dl[ijc[djiWdZ 9edY[ii_edi ;'%&(/+#* 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE 8DG:DE:G6I>C<EGD;>I )&$' ;'%&(/(&#+ <(&'* ;'%&( GZkZcjZb^aa^dc /&+ ,'. 8dgZdeZgVi^c\egd[^ib^aa^dc '/- &,) 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^c HZXjgZYDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd`b^aa^dc >ckZhibZcih^cXdcXZhh^dchb^aa^dc :beadnZZheVm ('$. '(#. *)', ))&& *(( (+& '+(' &).) HZXjgZYadc\iZgbDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd`id[^ghigZk^ZlYViZVhVi(%?jcZ'%&)igVchedgi# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) IG6CHEDGI +' >ckZhibZcih VcY 8dcXZhh^dch Xdch^hihd[/ JhWdifehjXdbeg^hZh>ciZgidaa!l]^X]deZgViZh[jaa XdcXZhh^dchVcYigVchedgiejWa^Xeg^kViZeVgicZgh]^eh EEEh!^cXajY^c\deZgVi^dchVcYbV^ciZcVcXZ^cEdaVcY! =jc\Vgn!Hdji]6[g^XVVcYO^bWVWlZ# G:6A:HI6I: H[Wb[ijWj[Xdbeg^hZhi]Z\gdjeÉhegdeZginYZkZadebZci Wjh^cZhh!l]^X]YZkZadeh!dlchVcYbVcV\ZhhZaZXiZY 6"\gVYZegdeZginVhhZih#I]ZhZ\ZcZgViZYZkZadebZci VcY^ckZhibZcigZijgcheg^bVg^an^cHdji]6[g^XV!l^i]V a^b^iZY[ddieg^ci^c6[g^XV# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl N:6GJC9:GG:K>:L ;^cVcX^VaeZg[dgbVcXZ GZkZcjZGÉ%%% 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^c O[Wh[dZ[Z )&@kd[(&'* NZVgZcYZY (%?jcZ'%&( /&+&') ,'-*&, ('$. '(#. GZkZcjZ!l]^X]Xdch^hiheg^bVg^and[[ZZh[dgi]ZdeZgVi^dc VcYbV^ciZcVcXZd[idaagdVYh!^cXgZVhZYWn')#'[gdb G,'-!*b^aa^dcidG.%*!%b^aa^dc#I]ZXdgZdeZgVi^c\egd[^i bVg\^cYZXgZVhZYha^\]ian[gdb'(#.id'&#-!WjieaZVh^c\an hi^aaVWdkZ\j^YVcXZVcYl^i]XdgZdeZgVi^c\egd[^id[ G&.,!%b^aa^dc;'%&(/G&,)!(b^aa^dc#I]ZdeZgVi^c\egd[^i ^cXajYZhjelVgY[V^gkVajZVY_jhibZcihd[G-(!-b^aa^dc ;'%&(/G-+!*b^aa^dc# I]ZegdeZginWjh^cZhh^hgjcc^c\lZaa^ciZgbhd[^ih higViZ\^XbVcYViZidhdjgXZ^ckZhibZcigZijgch!XdchigjXi^dc deedgijc^i^ZhVcYVccj^in^cXdbZ[dgi]Z\gdje#I]ZY^hedhVa d[]^hidg^XVaanegdXjgZYgZh^YZci^VahidX`^hegdXZZY^c\ hiZVY^an# I]Z\gdje]VhWZZcVXi^kZ^ci]ZedlZggZciVaWjh^cZhh[dghdbZ i^bZ#?do^EdlZg!VX^gXVG-%b^aa^dceZgVccjbWjh^cZhhVcY ()dlcZYWn<gdje;^kZ!lVh[dgbZY^c9ZXZbWZg'%%,VcY^h VcZhiVWa^h]ZYedlZggZciVaXdbeVcnjh^c\edgiVWaZ%#*BL! &BLVcY'BLXdciV^cZg^hZYY^ZhZaedlZgeaVcihl^i]ViVg\Zi bVg`ZiWZ^c\6[g^XVcb^c^c\!^cYjhig^VaVcYji^a^indeedgijc^i^Zh# ?do^EdlZgbVYZVkVajVWaZVcY\gdl^c\Xdcig^Wji^dcidi]Z jcYZgan^c\Vccj^inhigViZ\nd[i]Z\gdje^ci]ZedlZghZXidg# 6hVc^ckZhibZci^cVcVhhdX^ViZ!i]^hWjh^cZhh^hZfj^in VXXdjciZYVcY^ihgZhjaihVgZi]ZgZ[dgZcdi^cXajYZYl^i]^c i]ZXajhiZgdgi]Z\gdjeÉhdeZgVi^c\^cXdbZ!WjiVh^cXdbZ [gdbVhhdX^ViZh# >ciZgidaahjXXZhh[jaanW^YVcYldci]ZBV\Va^Zh8IGDBXdcigVXi [dgH6CG6Ajh^c\^ihdlccZlan"YZkZadeZYidaa^c\iZX]cdad\n! l]^X]Vj\jghlZaa[dg[jijgZXdcigVXil^ch# ADD@>C<;DGL6G9 I]ZgZVaZhiViZejWa^Xeg^kViZ eVgicZgh]^eEEEXdcXZhh^dch^c Hdji]6[g^XV!l]ZgZi]Z\gdje^h i]ZegZ[ZggZYW^YYZgdci]Z Ih]lVcZBjc^idg^VVcYi]Z 9ZeVgibZcid[GjgVa9ZkZadebZci VcYAVcYGZ[dgbWj^aY^c\hVgZ cdlegd\gZhh^c\idlVgYh[^cVcX^Va XadhZ#I]^h^hVci^X^eViZYYjg^c\ i]Z[^ghi]Va[d[;'%&*# I]Zedh^i^kZdjiXdbZd[i]Z jchjXXZhh[jaX]VaaZc\Zid \dkZgcbZciÉh^beaZbZciVi^dcd[ i]Z<VjiZc\;gZZlVnidaa^c\ hnhiZb\^kZhhdbZ^beZijhidi]Z jcgZhdakZYY^hejiZ^c\dkZgcbZci dci]ZC&ÄC'L^cZaVcYh XdcXZhh^dc!l]ZgZi]Z\gdje^hi]Z egZ[ZggZYW^YYZg# I]ZegdeZginWjh^cZhhl^aa Xdci^cjZYg^k^c\VcdkZg"WdgYZg 6[g^XVchigViZ\n!l^i]hdbZ igVXi^dc^cegdeZginYZkZadebZcih VX]^ZkZY^cLZhiVcY8ZcigVa 6[g^XV^cVYY^i^dcidhZkZgVacZl egdeZginYZkZadebZcihjcYZglVn ^cHdji]6[g^XV# 6[g^XVcXdcXZhh^dchdeedgijc^i^ZhgZbV^cViigVXi^kZ!l^i]idaa^c\dci]Z \gdjeÉhO^bWVWlZgdVYhegd_ZXiegd\gZhh^c\lZaaVcY[jgi]ZgcZlegd_ZXih jcYZgYZkZadebZci#I]Z[ZVh^W^a^ind[cZlgZVaZhiViZVcYigVchedgiEEE XdcXZhh^dchVgZWZ^c\YZkZadeZY[dgejWa^XhZXidg[VX^a^i^Zh^chZkZgVa6[g^XVc Xdjcig^Zh!l^i]Hdji]6[g^XVcYZkZadebZci[^cVcXZ^chi^iji^dchVcY XdbbZgX^VaWVc`hjeedgi#I]ZhZci^bZci[dgXdcXZhh^dch^c:VhiZgc:jgdeZ ^hdcXZV\V^cedh^i^kZ[gdbi]ZcZjigVahZci^bZciZmeZg^ZcXZYdkZgi]ZaVhi i]gZZnZVgh#6cjbWZgd[cZlgZaVi^dch]^ehVcYegdheZXihVgZ\V^c^c\ bdbZcijbVhi]Z\gdjeejghjZhediZci^Vadeedgijc^i^Zh[dgeVgi^X^eVi^dc^c ZVganYZkZadebZcihiV\ZbdidglVnegd_ZXih^c7dhc^V!7ja\Vg^V!8gdVi^V! Gjhh^VVcYIjg`Zn# +( ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZXdci^cjZY ( DE:G6I>DC6A E:G;DGB6C8: 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE G:K:CJ: (($/ ;d]_d[[h_d] 9edijhkYj_ed ;'%&(/&%#* 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE 8DG:DE:G6I>C<EGD;>I '*$) ;'%&(/*#' GZkZcjZb^aa^dc 8dgZdeZgVi^c\egd[^ib^aa^dc 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^c IdiVadgYZgWdd`b^aa^dc HZXjgZYDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd`b^aa^dc :beadnZZheVm <(&'* ;'%&( )+(' &&,% /* '. ($- '#) ''-* (--( (.* (-% ('/& &-,+ HZXjgZYadc\iZgbDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd`id[^ghigZk^ZlYViZVhVi(%?jcZ'%&) ^cYjhig^Va!d^aVcY\VhVcYedlZg# HZXjgZYidiVa: 8dgYZgWdd`VhVi(%?jcZ'%&)# :c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dc: 8^hVcZc\^cZZg!egdXjgZVcYXdchigjXi:E8VcY hZgk^XZhWjh^cZhh# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) : 8^hXjggZcian[dXjhZYdci]ZZcZg\nhZXidgi]gdj\]^ih^ckdakZbZci^cedlZgVcYd^aVcY \VhXdcigVXih!VhlZaaVh^cYjhig^VaVcYgZ[^cZgnbV^ciZcVcXZhZgk^XZh#: 8d[[Zghbjai^" Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdcigVXiYZa^kZgn[gdb[ZVh^W^a^ini]gdj\]idhjeedgi^c\WVc`VW^a^inVcY[gdci"ZcY YZh^\c!VhlZaaVhegd_ZXibVcV\ZbZcid[XdcigVXihYjg^c\ZmZXji^dcidXdbeaZi^dc# +) EDL:G :c\^cZZg^c\ 8dchigjXi^dc Xdch^hihd[ [djghZ\bZcih/ D>A6C9<6H CJ8A:6G8DCHIGJ8I>DCH:GK>8:H :C<>C::G>C<H:GK>8:H l]^X]egdk^YZhbdhian^ciZgcVahZgk^XZhVXgdhhi]Z\gdje NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl ;^cVcX^VaeZg[dgbVcXZ N:6GJC9:GG:K>:L :c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dc igVYZYgZkZcjZ;'%&) GZkZcjZGÉ%%% 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^c Private versus public O[Wh[dZ[Z )&@kd[(&'* NZVgZcYZY (%?jcZ'%&( )+(&,(+ &&,%''% ($- '#) I]Z: 8XajhiZg^hVY^gZXiWZcZ[^X^Vgnd[i]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\nd[bdk^c\id[jaaijgc`Zn YZa^kZgn^c`Zn\gdli]hZXidgh#>i]Vh\gdlcgVe^Yand[[VaVg\ZdgYZgWdd`^cedlZgVcY d^aVcY\Vh#I]ZXajhiZgÉhgViZd[igVYZVcYgZhjaiVciegd[^iVW^a^inl^aaWZajbenWncVijgZ YjZidi]ZaZc\i]d[i^bZidVX]^ZkZVlVgYhdcaVg\ZiZX]c^XVaanXdbeaZmXdcigVXihi]Vi gZfj^gZegd_ZXiYZkZadebZciVcY[jcY^c\# z z I]ZXajhiZg]VhgVe^Yan\V^cZYVhigdc\bVg`Ziedh^i^dcVcY^hegd\gZhh^kZanXdbeaZi^c\ [djggZcZlVWaZedlZgegd_ZXih^cHdji]6[g^XVVcYV\Vh"[^gZYedlZgeaVci^c BdoVbW^fjZ#>i^hVahdi]ZaZVY^c\d^aVcY\Vhegd_ZXiVcYhZgk^XZhXdcigVXidg ^cHdji]6[g^XV# I]ZCjXaZVgHZgk^XZhWjh^cZhh^hegd\gZhh^c\VheaVccZY#I]ZEIGheZX^Va^hZY iVc`V\ZXdcigVXi[dg:h`db@dZWZg\^h^ci]ZZc\^cZZg^c\VcYegdXjgZbZcie]VhZ# By sector 9jg^c\i]ZeZg^dY!gZkZcjZ^cXgZVhZYWn'%%#.[gdbG&!'W^aa^dc--adXVaid G(!*W^aa^dc..adXVa#I]^hgZhjaiZY^cVXdgZdeZgVi^c\egd[^ibVg\^cd['#, ;'%&(/'#)#>cXajYZYl^i]^ci]ZhZedh^i^kZigVY^c\gZhjaihVgZi]ZXdhihgZaViZYid ^ckZhibZci^c[jijgZdeedgijc^i^ZhVcYXVeVX^inWj^aY^c\^ccjXaZVggZVY^cZhhl^i]^c i]Z: 8Wjh^cZhh# z z z! z z z# z# z By contract type z z z z" z z +* ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZXdci^cjZY ADD@>C<;DGL6G9 IdiVahZXjgZY:c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dc8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`VhVi(%?jcZ'%&) Private versus public z z By sector z z z! z z z# z# z By contract type z z z z" z z <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) :cZg\nbVg`ZihVgZ\gdl^c\ Wdi]^cHdji]6[g^XVVcYi]Z gZhid[6[g^XV#I]ZedlZg bVg`Zi^hVXi^kZVcYbVcn VYY^i^dcVaW^YhVgZjcYZg VY_jY^XVi^dcdg^cYZkZadebZci ^cVaai]ZiZX]cdad\^Zhd[ i]ZgbVaedlZg!gZcZlVWaZ ZcZg\nWdi]l^cY!hdaVgVcY W^dbVhhVcY^ci]ZcjXaZVg ^cYjhign# ++ I]ZgZ^hhi^aacd^cY^XVi^dc l]Zcdg^[i]ZCjXaZVgCZl 7j^aY^cHdji]6[g^XVl^aaWZ VccdjcXZY#=dlZkZg!i]Z \gdje^h\V^c^c\egVXi^XVa ZmeZg^ZcXZ^ci]^h[^ZaY^c Vci^X^eVi^dcd[V[^gbYZX^h^dc Yjg^c\i]ZnZVgV]ZVY# :c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dc^h ^c[^gbcZ\di^Vi^dch[dgVc dkZg"WdgYZgXdcigVXi!l]^X] l^aah^\c^[^XVcian^cXgZVhZ^ih dgYZgWdd`VcY\Zd\gVe]^X ZmedhjgZ#>[hjXXZhh[ja! igVY^c\l^aaXdbbZcXZ ^c;'%&*# I]ZhZXjgZYdcZ"nZVgdgYZgWdd`hiVcYh ViG&!&W^aa^dc,,adXVa=&;'%&)/ G'!%W^aa^dcVcY-(adXVaVcY ;'%&(/G'!*W^aa^dcVcY.&adXVa# I]Z[jaahZXjgZYdgYZgWdd`hiVcYhVi G&!'W^aa^dc,)adXVa=&;'%&)/ G'!*W^aa^dcVcY,-adXVa ;'%&(/G(!.W^aa^dcVcY-*adXVa# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl ( DE:G6I>DC6A E:G;DGB6C8: 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE G:K:CJ: ,$. ;'%&(/.#* CWdk\WYjkh_d] GZkZcjZb^aa^dc 8dgZdeZgVi^c\egd[^ib^aa^dc 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE 8DG:DE:G6I>C<EGD;>I ')$( <(&'* ;'%&( '&)/ &%+& ., -) 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^c .$) ,#. EE:b^aa^dc (&* &-. )/ +* ''&' &&%' O[Wh[dZ[Z )&@kd[(&'* NZVgZcYZY (%?jcZ'%&( '&)/(,) &%+&'*, .$) ,#. 8Ve^iVaZmeZcY^ijgZb^aa^dc :beadnZZheVm EgdeZgin!eaVciVcYZfj^ebZci# ;'%&(/&*#' ;^cVcX^VaeZg[dgbVcXZ GZkZcjZGÉ%%% 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^c GZkZcjZgZbV^cZYaVg\ZanjcX]Vc\ZY [gdbG&!&W^aa^dc^c;'%&(idG&!%W^aa^dc# I]ZgZedgiZYXdgZdeZgVi^c\egd[^i[dg i]ZnZVglVhG-+!'b^aa^dc#I]^hlVh '#-]^\]Zgi]Vci]Zeg^dgnZVgd[ G-(!-b^aa^dc!gZhjai^c\^cVXdgZ deZgVi^c\bVg\^cd[-#(;'%&(/,#.# BVcj[VXijg^c\Xdch^hihd[/ ;>7G:8:B:CI :kZg^iZ HI::A 7G> <gdje;^kZE^eZ ADD@>C< ;DGL6G9 9Zhe^iZbVg`ZihgZbV^c^c\X]VaaZc\^c\ l^i]hiV\cVci\gdli]!i]ZZmXZaaZci BVcj[VXijg^c\gZhjai^hXdch^hiZcil^i] i]ZhiVW^a^ini]Vi]VhWZZcXgZViZY^ci]Z XajhiZgdkZgi]ZaVhi[ZlnZVghWni]Z bVcV\ZbZciiZVb# GZijgcdci]Z^ckZhibZcih^c Z[[^X^ZcX^Zh!iZX]cdad\n!XVeVX^in ZmeVch^dcVcYYZ"WdiiaZcZX`^c\ VXi^k^i^Zh!egdYjXiX]Vc\ZhVcY L^i]lZV`Hdji]6[g^XVcbVg`Zi YZbVcY!i]ZXajhiZg^h[dXjhZY dcZ[[^X^ZcX^Zh!bVg`Zi^c\VcY Wjh^cZhhVcYegdYjXiYZkZadebZci! ^cXajY^c\cZlZmedgi\Zd\gVe]^Zh# \Zd\gVe]^XbVg`ZiZmeVch^dcVgZ[adl^c\ i]gdj\]# GZ[ZgideV\Z)'# I]ZbdYjaVg]djh^c\hnhiZbhWjh^cZhh 6YkVcXZY7j^aY^c\IZX]cdad\^Zh67I gZ[aZXiZYhjWYjZYhVaZhd[ejWa^XhZXidg igVch^i^dcVaVXXdbbdYVi^dcYjZid YZaVnh^cegdk^cX^VaVYb^c^higVi^dcVcY XdchigV^cZYYZa^kZgnV\V^chiXa^Zci [jcY^c\VkV^aVW^a^in# <gdje;^kZE^eZeZg[dgbZYlZaa! XdckZgi^c\h^\c^[^XVcidgYZg^ciV`Z gZaViZYidaVg\ZlViZgigVchedgiegd_ZXi YZbVcY#7G>eZg[dgbZYlZaaYZhe^iZ hZkZgZeg^XZegZhhjgZ^ci]ZgZWVg bVg`ZihYjZidbVg`ZiXdchda^YVi^dc VcYdkZg"XVeVX^in# >cHdji]6[g^XV!i]ZVeed^cibZcid[ i]ZcZlCVi^dcVaB^c^hiZgd[=jbVc HZiiaZbZcih]VhWZZclZaa"gZXZ^kZY!Vhh]Z ]VhegZk^djhZmeZg^ZcXZ^ci]^hedh^i^dc^c i]Zegdk^h^dcd[aVg\Z"hXVaZ]djh^c\# +, ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZXdci^cjZY ( DE:G6I>DC6A E:G;DGB6C8: 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE G:K:CJ: 9edijhkYj_ed ,*$+ ;'%&(/,(#) GZkZcjZb^aa^dc <(&'* ;'%&( //)' -&,& (-- '++ 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE 8DG:DE:G6I>C<EGD;>I 8dgZdeZgVi^c\egd[^ib^aa^dc 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^c ($. (#( *($* 8Ve^iVaZmeZcY^ijgZb^aa^dc '.+ ')& '')-+ &%(*% /,-) .&-, ;'%&(/)-#& IdiVadgYZgWdd`b^aa^dc :beadnZZheVm HZXjgZYidiVa8dchigjXi^dcdgYZgWdd`VhVi(%?jcZ'%&)# 9EDIJHK9J?ED?IJ>;B7H=;IJ9BKIJ;H?DJ>;=HEKF$ 7J>A9>C<6C9=DJH>C< 8dchigjXi^dc Xdch^hih d[i]gZZ hZ\bZcih/ 8>K>A:C<>C::G>C< EGD?:8IH 8dchigjXi^dcgZkZcjZ^cXgZVhZYWn'&#*[gdbG-!'W^aa^dcid G.!.W^aa^dcVcYXdgZdeZgVi^c\egd[^i^cXgZVhZYWn)#([gdb G'+*!+b^aa^dcidG',,!%b^aa^dc# I]ZdkZgVaa8dchigjXi^dcXdgZdeZgVi^c\egd[^ibVg\^ceZgXZciV\ZlVh'#- ;'%&(/(#(#DkZg"WdgYZgldg`Xdcig^WjiZY(%;'%&(/(+id8dchigjXi^dcgZkZcjZ# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) >ci]ZXdciZmid[idj\]ZgbVg`Zih!\ddYeZg[dgbVcXZ^cVaahZ\bZcihlZgZVX]^ZkZY! l^i]i]ZZmXZei^dcd[i]Z8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\hZ\bZci# +- 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^cgZYjXZY[gdb;'%&(!bV^canYjZidVlZV`ZgdeZgVi^c\gZhjai ^c8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\#GZ[ZgideV\Z,'#BVg\^chlZgZadlZgZkZci]dj\]i]Zeg^dgnZVgÉh 8dchigjXi^dceZg[dgbVcXZlVh^beVXiZYhdbZl]ViWnZcY"d["XdcigVXiXadhZ"dji adhhZhVcYdkZg]ZVYXdhih^ci]ZB^YYaZ:Vhi!VhlZaaVhi]Zegdk^h^dc[dgVcZhi^bViZY ediZci^VaVYb^c^higVi^kZeZcVaini]ViXdjaYWZaZk^ZYWni]Z8dbeZi^i^dc8dbb^hh^dc# 8dcigVXiiZcYZgVXi^k^ingZbV^ch]^\]VXgdhhVaahZ\bZcih#I]^hh]djaYWdYZlZaa [dg[jgi]ZgVYY^i^dchidi]ZdgYZgWdd`!Vai]dj\]bVcnVci^X^eViZYVlVgYhVgZWZ^c\ hjWhiVci^VaanYZaVnZY!eVgi^XjaVgan^ci]Z8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\bVg`Zil]ZgZbVg\^ch Xdci^cjZidgZbV^cjcYZgegZhhjgZ#=dlZkZg!^cVcjbWZgd[i]ZWjh^cZhhZhi]Z igZcYXdci^cjZYd[WZ^c\VlVgYZYldg`l^i]dji]Vk^c\WZZci]ZadlZhiW^YYZg! l]^X]gZ[aZXihlZaadcdjgigVX`gZXdgYd[YZa^kZgn# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl ( DE:G6I>DC6A E:G;DGB6C8: 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE G:K:CJ: (.$. 8k_bZ_d] WdZ>eki_d] ;'%&(/'.#& 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE 8DG:DE:G6I>C<EGD;>I ')$/ ;'%&(/,#( <(&'* ;'%&( **)& ('(+ 8dgZdeZgVi^c\egd[^ib^aa^dc /' )% 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^c ($& &#' 8Ve^iVaZmeZcY^ijgZb^aa^dc (( + IdiVadgYZgWdd`b^aa^dc ,.)) *+&& :beadnZZheVm (*-- '%-, GZkZcjZb^aa^dc HZXjgZYidiVa7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\dgYZgWdd`VhVi(%?jcZ'%&)# 7J>A9>C< 7j^aY^c\ VcY=djh^c\ Xdch^hihd[/ 8k_bZ_d]^hdcZd[Hdji]6[g^XVÉhaVg\ZhigZVaZhiViZ XdcigVXi^c\XdbeVc^Zh#>iXdchigjXihVgVc\Zd[aVg\Z higjXijgZh!hjX]Vh\dkZgcbZciWj^aY^c\h!ejWa^XjhZ ^c[gVhigjXijgZ!]ZVai]XVgZVcYZYjXVi^dcVa[VX^a^i^Zh! iVg\ZiZYbjai^"hidgnb^mZY"jhZXdbeaZmZh!XdbbZgX^Va Wj^aY^c\h!]diZahVcYgZiV^ah]dee^c\XZcigZh# =DJH>C< >eki_d]XdchigjXihaVg\Z"hXVaZgZh^YZci^VaXdcigVXih[dg i]Zb^c^c\VcY^cYjhig^VahZXidgh!eg^kViZ$ejWa^XhZXidg ]djh^c\YZkZadebZcihVcYadl"XdhiVcYV[[dgYVWaZ ]djh^c\hX]ZbZh# +. ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZXdci^cjZY N:6GJC9:GG:K>:L 7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\ igVYZYgZkZcjZ;'%&) Private versus public z z By sector z z z! z z z# z# z ;^cVcX^VaeZg[dgbVcXZ GZkZcjZGÉ%%% 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^c By contract type <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) I]ZgZhjaihXdci^cjZid^aajhigViZi]Z ZmigZbZanidj\]XdcY^i^dch^ci]^h hZ\bZci!l^i]i]^cbVg\^chYZhe^iZ \ZcZgVaan\ddYZmZXji^dceZg[dgbVcXZ V\V^chiiZcYZgWjY\Zih# ,% z z z z" z z 7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\gZkZcjZ^cXgZVhZY Wn(+#.[gdbG(!'W^aa^dc.*adXVaid G)!)W^aa^dc.-adXVa#I]ZhZ\bZci gZedgiZYV&'*#'^cXgZVhZ^cXdgZ deZgVi^c\egd[^i[gdbi]Zeg^dg XdbeVgVWaZeZg^dY[gdbG)%!(b^aa^dcid G.%!-b^aa^dc#I]^hgZhjaiZY^ci]ZdkZgVaa XdgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^ceZgXZciV\Z ^cXgZVh^c\[gdb&#'id'#%# I]Z^cXgZVhZ^cVXi^k^in^ci]ZjeeZgZcY d[i]Zeg^kViZhZXidgaVg\ZWj^aY^c\h bVg`ZiZmeZg^ZcXZYaViZ^c;'%&( jc[dgijcViZanhadlZYV\V^cYjg^c\i]Z nZVg!l^i]dcanV[Zlh^\c^[^XVciVlVgYh! O[Wh[dZ[Z )&@kd[(&'* NZVgZcYZY (%?jcZ'%&( **)&+') ('(+%%% ($& &#' bV^can^ci]ZejWa^XVcYeg^kViZ ]ZVai]XVgZhZ\bZci#I]Z\gdjelVh eaZVh^c\anVlVgYZYi]ZegZhi^\^djh CZahdcBVcYZaV8]^aYgZcÉh=dhe^iVa# I]Z\gdjeXdci^cjZhidhZXjgZhZaZXiZY XdcigVXihVii]Z`Zn'*"nZVgYZkZadebZci d[LViZg[Vaa^c<VjiZc\# Hdji]6[g^XVcb^cZ]djh^c\gZbV^chVc ^cXgZVh^c\anVXi^kZbVg`Zil]ZgZi]Z \gdje]VhVh^\c^[^XVciigVX`gZXdgY#I]Z hdX^VaVcYV[[dgYVWaZ]djh^c\bVg`Zi Xdci^cjZhidY^hVeed^ci#6ai]dj\]i]ZgZ hZZbhidWZVl^aa^c\cZhhid^cXgZVhZ heZcY^c\dc]djh^c\VcYgZaViZY ^c[gVhigjXijgZXdcigVXih!i]ZgZ^ha^iiaZ k^h^W^a^inidi^b^c\d[VlVgYVcY!l]Zc ]djh^c\XdcigVXihVgZVlVgYZY! VYb^c^higVi^kZYZaVnh\ZcZgVaan]VbeZg hiVgije# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl ADD@>C<;DGL6G9 IdiVahZXjgZY7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`VhVi(%?jcZ'%&) Private versus public z z By sector I]ZdgYZgWdd` gZbV^chViV ]^hidg^XVaan]^\]aZkZa# z z z! z z z# z# z By contract type I]Z\gdjeÉha^hid[hdX^Va]djh^c\ XdcigVXihl]ZgZ^i^hi]ZegZ[ZggZYW^YYZg ^hZmiZch^kZ!WjicdigZedgiZYl^i]^ci]Z \gdjeÉhhZXjgZY8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd` YjZidXdci^cjZYYZaVnhWnadXVaVcY egdk^cX^Va\dkZgcbZci^cgZaZVh^c\ i]ZXdcigVXih[dgXdchigjXi^dc# >ciZgcVi^dcVaan!i]Z\gdje^higVX`^c\ h^oZVWaZdeedgijc^i^Zh^chZaZXiZY6[g^XVc iZgg^idg^Zh[dg]^\]"g^hZWj^aY^c\h! ]diZah!^cYjhig^VaVcYd[[^XZeVg`h! gZiV^aYZkZadebZcihVcY]djh^c\VcY egd_ZXiVXXdbbdYVi^dc# z z z z" z z I]ZhZXjgZYdcZ"nZVgdgYZg Wdd`hiVcYhViG)!,W^aa^dc &%%adXVa=&;'%&)/ G)!(W^aa^dcVcY..adXVa ;'%&(/G)!)W^aa^dcVcY.- adXVa#I]ZidiVahZXjgZYdgYZg Wdd`hiVcYhViG+!-W^aa^dc &%%adXVa=&;'%&)/ G+!+W^aa^dcVcY..adXVa ;'%&(/G*!+W^aa^dcVcY .-adXVa# ,& ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZXdci^cjZY ( DE:G6I>DC6A E:G;DGB6C8: 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE G:K:CJ: (*$* 9_l_b ;d]_d[[h_d] ;'%&(/'-#. 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE 8DG:DE:G6I>C<EGD;>I '&$( ;'%&(/&.#- GZkZcjZb^aa^dc 8dgZdeZgVi^c\egd[^ib^aa^dc <(&'* ;'%&( )-,& ('&, ,- &%. 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^c '$. (#) 8Ve^iVaZmeZcY^ijgZb^aa^dc '** &++ IdiVadgYZgWdd`b^aa^dc (**( (*), :beadnZZheVm *.(* )+.- HZXjgZYidiVa8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\dgYZgWdd`VhVi(%?jcZ'%&)# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\jcYZgiV`ZhVWgdVYgVc\Zd[XdcigVXih[dgWdi] eg^kViZVcYejWa^XXa^Zcih^c/ ,' ]ZVknX^k^aldg`h aVg\ZXdcXgZiZhigjXijgZh ^c[gVhigjXijgZldg`hXdbeg^h^c\gdVYh gV^a ZVgi]ldg`h bVg^cZX^k^ah e^eZa^cZh NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl N:6GJC9:GG:K>:L ;^cVcX^VaeZg[dgbVcXZ 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\ igVYZYgZkZcjZ;'%&) GZkZcjZGÉ%%% Private versus public 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^c O[Wh[dZ[Z )&@kd[(&'* NZVgZcYZY (%?jcZ'%&( )-,&'*) ('&,&'& '$. (#) 9_l_b;d]_d[[h_d]_dYbkZ[ij^[]hekfÊiY_l_b [d]_d[[h_d]WYj_l_j_[i_dIekj^7\h_YW"j^[h[ij e\7\h_YWWdZj^[C_ZZb[;Wij$ z z I]ZB^YYaZ:VhideZgVi^dchXadhZ"dji Xdci^cjZY!l^i]\ddYegd\gZhhdci]Z [^cVa^hVi^dcd[XdcigVXi[^cVaVXXdjcih l^i]djgXa^Zcih!_d^cikZcijgZeVgicZgh VcYhjW"XdcigVXidgh!VhlZaaVhi]Z XdaaZXi^dcd[XVh]# By sector z z z! z z z# z# z 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\gZedgiZYV&+#. ^cXgZVhZ^cgZkZcjZ[gdbG(!'W^aa^dc *,adXVaidG(!-W^aa^dc*)adXVa! l]^aZXdgZdeZgVi^dch\ZcZgViZYVegd[^i d[G++!*b^aa^dc[dgi]ZnZVg;'%&(/ G&%.!(b^aa^dc# I]ZhZ\bZciZmeZg^ZcXZYgZXdgY]^\] gZkZcjZYZbVcYh!l^i]VaVg\Zg6[g^XVc XdbedcZcid[i]ZigVYZYgZkZcjZ# =dlZkZg!VhgZedgiZYl^i]i]Z^ciZg^b gZhjaih!bVg\^chlZgZcZ\Vi^kZan ^beVXiZY^ci]ZnZVgWnildXdcigVXih# BVg\^cgZXdkZgnegd\gZhhZYbdgZhadlan i]VcZmeZXiZY^ci]ZhZXdcY]Va[# =dlZkZg!dcZd[i]ZegdWaZbXdcigVXih bZci^dcZY^hhjWhiVci^VaanXdbeaZiZVcY XdchigjXi^kZXdbbZgX^VaegdXZhhZhVgZ ^c]VcYdcWdi]XdcigVXih# By contract type z z z z" z z ,( ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZXdci^cjZY ADD@>C<;DGL6G9 IdiVahZXjgZY8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`VhVi(%?jcZ'%&) Private versus public z z By sector z z z! z z z# z# z <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) IZcYZg^c\VXi^k^in^h]^\]^ci]Z igVchedgi!lViZgVcYb^c^c\hZXidgh VcY\ddYegdheZXihZm^hi!Vai]dj\] V]^\]eZgXZciV\Zd[iZcYZghVgZ hi^aaWjY\ZiVgnZcfj^g^Zhl^i]cd [^mZY^ciZci^dc[dgVlVgY# ,) By contract type IZcYZgW^YbVg\^ch gZbV^cjcYZg egZhhjgZ!Vh^cYjhign XVeVX^inhi^aaZmXZZYh YZbVcYVcYiVg\ZiZY aVg\ZXdcigVXih]VkZ cdinZiWZZc VlVgYZY# z z z z" z z 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\ÉhhZXjgZY dcZ"nZVgdgYZgWdd`hiVcYhVi G&!-W^aa^dc+*adXVa=& ;'%&)/G'!,W^aa^dcVcY*) adXVa;'%&(/G(!&W^aa^dcVcY *%adXVa#I]Z[jaadgYZgWdd` ^hViG'!)W^aa^dc,*adXVa =&;'%&)G(!)W^aa^dcVcY +(adXVa;'%&(/G(!*W^aa^dc VcY*+adXVa# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl ( DE:G6I>DC6A E:G;DGB6C8: 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE G:K:CJ: Fhe`[Yji ''$) ;'%&(/&*#) 8DCIG>7JI>DCID<GDJE 8DG:DE:G6I>C<EGD;>I '.$) ;'%&(/'&#% <(&'* ;'%&( '-*' &,&- 8dgZdeZgVi^c\egd[^ib^aa^dc '(& &&+ 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^c ,$/ +#, 8Ve^iVaZmeZcY^ijgZb^aa^dc '/ +. IdiVadgYZgWdd`b^aa^dc ('&& &&.' :beadnZZheVm ()-( ')%' GZkZcjZb^aa^dc HZXjgZYidiVaEgd_ZXihdgYZgWdd`VhVi(%?jcZ'%&)# Egd_ZXih^hVbjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgneaVciegdXZhhXdchigjXidgl^i] h`^aah^c/ higjXijgVa bZX]Vc^XVa ZaZXig^XVa ^chigjbZciVi^dc e^e^c\XdcigVXihHB:>E >i^hVcZmeZg^ZcXZY6[g^XVcXdcigVXidgl^i]VheZX^[^X[dXjhdc i]Zb^c^c\hZXidg# ,* ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZXdci^cjZY ;^cVcX^VaeZg[dgbVcXZ N:6GJC9:GG:K>:L Egd_ZXihigVYZYgZkZcjZ;'%&) Private versus public GZkZcjZGÉ%%% 8dgZdeZgVi^c\bVg\^c z z O[Wh[dZ[Z )&@kd[(&'* NZVgZcYZY (%?jcZ'%&( '-*&.'( &,&,,)- ,$/ +#, ;nY[bb[djh[ikbjim[h[W]W_dZ[b_l[h[ZXoj^[ Fhe`[Yjii[]c[dj"Wi7\h_YWdc_d_d]Yedj_dk[i jeikffehjj^[cW`eh_joe\j^[ehZ[hXeea"m_j^ iec[Z_l[hi_joZ_ifbWo[Zm_j^meha[n[Ykj[Z_d j^[Iekj^7\h_YWdc_d_d]WdZfem[hi[Yjehi$ By sector GZkZcjZgZbV^cZYaVg\ZanjcX]Vc\ZYYjZidYZaVnZYXdcigVXiVlVgYh#BVg\^chlZgZ bV^ciV^cZYl^i]^ci]Z\j^YZYgVc\Z!Vai]dj\]hdbZl]ViV[[ZXiZYWni]ZadlZgbVg\^ch dcHdji]6[g^XVcldg`# L]^ahi\ZcZgVaiZcYZgVXi^k^inaZkZahhadlZY^ci]Z[^ghi]Va[!djggZejiVi^dc[dgYZa^kZgn^h VX`cdlaZY\ZYl]ZcXdcigVXihVgZVY_jY^XViZY#I]^hgZXZcianVhh^hiZY^ci]ZVlVgYd[ h^\c^[^XVcib^c^c\"gZaViZYXdcigVXih^cCVb^W^VVcYA^WZg^V# z z z! z z z# z# z <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) By contract type ,+ z z z z" z z 9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!gZkZcjZgZbV^cZYViG&!,W^aa^dc((adXVa;'%&(/&.adXVa#8dgZ deZgVi^c\egd[^i^cXgZVhZYWn(#'[gdbG&&*!.b^aa^dcidG&'%!%b^aa^dc#I]ZXdgZ deZgVi^c\egd[^ibVg\^ceZgXZciV\Z^cXgZVhZYid+#.;'%&(/+#,# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl ADD@>C<;DGL6G9 IdiVahZXjgZYEgd_ZXih8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`VhVi(%?jcZ'%&) Private versus public z z By sector z z z! z z z# z# z 6higdc\e^eZa^cZd[deedgijc^i^Zh a^ZhV]ZVY^ci]Zb^c^c\!edlZg VcYd^aVcY\VhhZXidgh^c XdaaVWdgVi^dcl^i]di]ZghZ\bZcih l^i]^ci]Z\gdje# By contract type z z z z" z z I]ZhZXjgZYdcZ"nZVgdgYZgWdd`hiVcYhViG&!,W^aa^dc ((adXVa=&;'%&)G&!'W^aa^dcVcY)-adXVa ;'%&(/G&!&W^aa^dcVcY)&adXVa#I]Z[jaahZXjgZYdgYZg Wdd`hiVcYhViG'!&W^aa^dc'-adXVa=&;'%&)G&!*W^aa^dc VcY*'adXVa;'%&(/G&!'W^aa^dcVcY(,adXVa# ,, ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZXdci^cjZY I]ZcZmi[ZleV\ZhhjbbVg^hZi]Z\gdjeÉhigVYZY8dcigVXi^c\gZkZcjZYjg^c\i]ZnZVg! VhlZaaVhi]ZhZXjgZY8dcigVXi^c\VcYDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd`hVcY deedgijc^ine^eZa^cZ\d^c\[dglVgY# I=:N:6GJC9:GG:K>:LÄIG69:98DCIG68I>C<G:K:CJ: IDI6A 7j^aY^c\ VcY=djh^c\ 8^k^a :c\^cZZg^c\ Egd_ZXih :c\^cZZg^c\ 8dchigjXi^dc NZVgid(%?jcZ'%&'VXijVa dkZg"WdgYZg ,&&& '+ '%++ '& '..&, &)&+ +( +(& Ä NZVgid(%?jcZ'%&(VXijVa dkZg"WdgYZg .'-' (( ('(+ * ('&, )( &,&-& &&&& &' O[Whje)&@kd[(&'*WYjkWb el[h#XehZ[h ')((. () **)& ( )-,& *, '-*' ,- )(/' Å FkXb_Y Å Fh_lWj[ + '. Å ( '/ (- Å ,- Å ' beYWb -- /. +* )) // Å FkXb_Y Å Fh_lWj[ (/ *. ). ,& (. (, (& ') () -, Gb^aa^dc I]Z]^\]ZgaZkZad[adXVaigVYZYgZkZcjZ^hYjZidi]ZVlVgYd[[djg:E8XdcigVXihVheVgid[i]ZgZcZlVWaZZcZg\negd\gVbbZ^c Hdji]6[g^XV# I]^h^h^ca^cZl^i]i]Z\gdjeÉhhiViZYhigViZ\nVcYegdk^YZhi]Z\gdjel^i]cdidcan8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`!WjiVahdVccj^in^cXdbZ^c i]Z[dgbd[bjai^"nZVgdeZgVi^dchVcYbV^ciZcVcXZXdcigVXih# I]ZVlVgYd[hdbZh^oZVWaZgZVaZhiViZXdcigVXih^cHdji]6[g^XV[jgi]ZgZc]VcXZYi]ZadXVaXdciZci#8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\Xdci^cjZYid gZWVaVcXZi]Z^gigVYZYgZkZcjZWZilZZcadXValdg`VcYXdcigVXih^cO^bWVWlZ!BdoVbW^fjZVcYi]Z9G8# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) Private versus public ,- z z By sector z z z! z z z# z# z By contract type z z z z" z z NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl H:8JG:98DCIG68I>C<DG9:G7DD@ Gb^aa^dc IDI6A 7j^aY^c\ VcY=djh^c\ 8^k^a :c\^cZZg^c\ Egd_ZXih :c\^cZZg^c\ 8dchigjXi^dc 6i(%?jcZ'%&( dkZg"WdgYZg &)'(( '& *+&& ' (*), )) &&.' +( (--( &* 6i(&9ZXZbWZg'%&( dkZg"WdgYZg &)%&' &- ++(, & ((*, (, &),, )- '*)& '' 7j)&@kd[(&'* el[h#XehZ[h '(+*/ (& ,.)) Å (**( (+ ('&& -( ''-* (, Å FkXb_Y Å Fh_lWj[ * ', Å Å '/ , Å -( Å (, beYWb .& '&& -+ (. -* Å FkXb_Y Å Fh_lWj[ )- *) *( +. ++ (& , (( )' *) /(,/ *,,- '-,- '-** '&/' Ed[#o[WhehZ[hXeeaWiWe\<(&'*h[l[dk[ -& '&+ *- '&& )) JejWbehZ[hXeeaWiWe\<(&'*h[l[dk[ /+ '+* ,+ '(' ), Ed[#o[WhehZ[hXeeat HZXjgZY8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`^hi]ZidiVakVajZd[8dchigjXi^dcVcY:c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dcXdcigVXih[dgbVaanVlVgYZYidi]Z\gdje!l]^X]hi^aa]VkZidWZ igVYZY!^#Z#hZXjgZYldg`idWZZmZXjiZYWni]Z\gdje#>igZ[aZXihXdchigjXi^dcVcYZc\^cZZg!egdXjgZVcYXdchigjXi:E8ldg`dcanVcYZmXajYZhi]ZXdcig^Wji^dc [gdbi]Z\gdjeÉhdi]ZgXajhiZgh#I]ZdgYZgWdd`^hZmiZgcVaanVhhjgZY# GZkZcjZidWZZmZXjiZY[gdb&?jan'%&)WVhZYdchZXjgZYXdcigVXihdcan!^#Z#i]Z\gdjeÉhidiVa8dchigjXi^dcVcY:c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dcXdcigVXihhZXjgZY dgYZgWdd`# s GZkZcjZidWZZmZXjiZY^c;'%&*[gdbi]Z\gdjeÉhidiVahZXjgZY8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`# 6hdjia^cZY^ci]ZidiVa8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`!i]Z\gdje]VhVagZVYnhZXjgZY.*d[;'%&)gZkZcjZVii]ZhiVgid[;'%&*# Private versus public z z By sector z z z! z z z# z# z By contract type z z z z" z z ,. ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZXdci^cjZY H:8JG:9DE:G6I>DCH6C9B6>CI:C6C8:DBDG9:G7DD@Ä6CCJ>IN>C8DB: 6XijVagZkZcjZ DgYZgWdd` Gb^aa^dc ;'%&' ;'%&( <(&'* ;'%&* I]gZZ"nZVg id;'%&- IgVchedgi *** +*) .)* -(+ &,+( )(&+ >cYjhig^Va!d^aVcY\Vh &'+ *. ((* .' Ä .' Ä Ä Å (- &', &.' +-& ,&( '&+. .++ &-.% )+%% EdlZg JejWb IdiVa hZXjgZY HZXjgZYDBdgYZgWdd`^hkVajZYjh^c\gZVaXVh][adlhZmXajY^c\ZhXVaVi^dcXaVjhZhidi]Z[^ghigZk^ZlYViZZmiZgcVaanVhhjgZY# I]Z\gdje]VhG)!+W^aa^dc^chZXjgZYdeZgVi^dchVcYbV^ciZcVcXZXdcigVXih9ZXZbWZg'%&(/G)!-W^aa^dc!?jcZ'%&(/G)!-W^aa^dcVcY 9ZXZbWZg'%&'/G)!+W^aa^dc# I]ZdeZgVi^dchVcYbV^ciZcVcXZedgi^dcd[i]ZgZcZlVWaZZcZg\nXdcigVXihVgZgZ[aZXiZYl^i]^ci]ZedlZghZXidgVWdkZ# BJAI>"N:6GI6G<:IDEEDGIJC>INE>E:A>C: ?DJ;HD7J?ED7B 7nhZXidgGWc JejWb B^c^c\ >cYjhig^Va EdlZg D^aVcY\Vh LViZg 7j^aY^c\ =djh^c\ IgVchedgi (. ( '- '/ Å ' ( (( /' <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) JejWb -% Eg^kViZ EjWa^X JejWb LWbk[e\ effehjkd_j_[i m_j^_d f_f[b_d[_d fh[#j[dZ[h WdZj[dZ[h ijW][ '% ' &- * Ä * Ä && ' Ä ) ' &% ( ) '* +& * )/ (, '& / , +. (' ( (/ ') ( * ( )' +& *% (&( '&* *+ )) ++ (+ BE97B EjWa^X JejWb '- ' &) &) Ä & & &* Ä Ä ( * Ä Ä & , (( ( (( - '& . * ), ,* &+ ''' Eg^kViZ dkZg"WdgYZg ejWa^X KVajZd[VWdkZdeedgijc^in e^eZa^cZ^cegZ"iZcYZg VcYiZcYZge]VhZ +- ). - *- '. &- '&* GZegZhZcihi]ZkVajZd[XdcigVXihWZ^c\iVg\ZiZYWni]Z\gdjeVhVi(%?jcZ'%&)# I]Ze^eZa^cZd[iVg\ZiXdcigVXih^cY^XViZhV[dXjhdcb^c^c\!edlZg!d^aVcY\VhVcYigVchedgi!l^i]lViZg\gdl^c\hadlan#I]Zb^m]Vh X]Vc\ZY^c[Vkdjgd[djghigViZ\^XiVg\ZiZYhZXidgh#>ci]Zh]dgiidbZY^jbiZgb^i^hhi^aalZ^\]iZYidlVgYhi]Zeg^kViZhZXidg!Vai]dj\] l^i]bdgZWVaVcXZWZilZZcHdji]6[g^XVVcYdkZg"WdgYZg# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl ) 9>HEDH6AD;8DCHIGJ8I>DCB6I:G>6AH8AJHI:G I]Z\gdjeegd\gZhhZYl^i]i]ZY^hedhVad[ ^ih8dchigjXi^dcBViZg^VahWjh^cZhhZh# 6hegZk^djhanXdbbjc^XViZY!VeegdkVa[gdbi]Z9ZeVgibZcid[ B^cZgVaGZhdjgXZh9BG^hVlV^iZYdci]ZhVaZd[i]gZZ fjVgg^Zhid[^cVaan[ja[^ai]ZhVaZXdcY^i^dchegZXZYZci# =dlZkZg!i]ZhVaZV\gZZbZcihgZVX]ZYl^i]i]ZcZldlcZgh VaadlZY[dgi]ZigVch[Zgd[deZgVi^dcVaXdcigda^bbZY^ViZandc XdcXajY^c\i]ZhVaZV\gZZbZcih!^cXajY^c\igVch[Zgd[deZgVi^c\ egd[^ihVcYadhhZh#I]^hlVhVX]^ZkZYdci]ZildfjVgg^ZhhdaY# EgdXZZYhdci]ZhVaZd[i]ZhZWjh^cZhhZhlZgZgZXZ^kZYVh ZmeZXiZY# I]Z\gdjehi^aagZiV^chgZhedch^W^a^in[dgi]ZZck^gdcbZciVa bdc^idg^c\dcVaafjVgg^Zhjci^a9BGVeegdkVa]VhWZZcgZXZ^kZY# I]jh!Vai]dj\]a^b^iZY!i]Z\gdje]Vh[dgZXVhiZYhdbZVYY^i^dcVa Xdhih^ci]Z[^ghi]Va[d[;'%&*^ci]Z[dgbd[Zck^gdcbZciVa bdc^idg^c\Xdhihd[i]Zi]gZZfjVgg^ZhVcYhdbZdeZgVi^c\Xdhih l^i]gZ\VgYhidi]ZgZbV^c^c\Wjh^cZhh# I]ZdcZWjh^cZhhhi^aajchdaYgZbV^chgZ[aZXiZYVhV Y^hXdci^cjZYdeZgVi^dcVcYXVgg^ZYVhVCdc"8jggZci6hhZi 8aVhh^[^ZYVh=ZaY[dgHVaZ#Egd\gZhhdcVediZci^VahVaZd[i]^h Wjh^cZhh^hWZ^c\bVYZl^i]XjggZci^ciZgZhiZYeVgi^Zh# 6egZk^djhanY^hXadhZY!8dbeZi^i^dc8dbb^hh^dcVeegdkValVh gZXZ^kZYdcVaaigVchVXi^dch# I]ZadhhZh^cXjggZYWn8dchigjXi^dcBViZg^Vah^ci]ZnZVglZgZVh[daadlh/ Gb^aa^dc <(&'* ;'%&( GZkZcjZ (&". +-!' EgZ"Y^hedhVadeZgVi^c\adhhZh )". )*!, >beV^gbZcihidXVggn^c\kVajZd[VhhZih ;^cVcXZ^cXdbZ$Xdhih AdhhWZ[dgZiVmVi^dc IVmVi^dcWZcZ[^i CZiadhh[gdbY^hXdci^cjZYdeZgVi^dch ;jaanY^ajiZYadhheZgh]VgZ[gdbY^hXdci^cjZYdeZgVi^dchÄG Å &&!% &") '!- )"+ *.!* &"+ &&!, )"& ),!- &"&) %!). I]ZXVggn^c\kVajZd[i]ZY^hXdci^cjZY8dchigjXi^dcBViZg^VahXajhiZglVhVh[daadlh/ Gb^aa^dc <(&'* ;'%&( Cdc"XjggZciVhhZih 8jggZciVhhZih (.". (&"/ +-!) '&!- Cdc"XjggZciVhhZihXaVhh^[^ZYVh]ZaY[dghVaZ */"- .%!' A^VW^a^i^Zh Cdc"XjggZcia^VW^a^i^Zh 8jggZcia^VW^a^i^Zh ("* ('"( *!% '+!& A^VW^a^i^ZhVhhdX^ViZYl^i]cdc"XjggZciVhhZih XaVhh^[^ZYVh]ZaY[dghVaZ ()", (&!& CZiVhhZih (,"' *.!& 6hhZih -& ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZXdci^cjZY * :M>I;GDBI=:B>99A::6HIDE:G6I>DCH <ddYegd\gZhhlVhbVYZl^i]djg deZgVi^dcVal^i]YgVlVa[gdbi]Z B^YYaZ:Vhi# I]ZhiVijhd[i]ZildbViZg^VaXdcigVXih!l]^X]lZgZegZk^djhan iZgb^cViZYWnXa^ZcihVcYgZfj^gZY[^cVaXadhZ"dji^hVh[daadlh/ & 9E;!:C<>C::GHD;;>8: B:G66H 6 eVnbZcieaVc^h^ceaVXZidgZXdkZg djihiVcY^c\[^cVaXZgi^[^XVi^dc EVnbZcihVgZgZXZ^kZYdcVfjVgiZganWVh^h! l^i]VaaeVnbZcihi^bZdjhangZXZ^kZYidYViZ I]Z[^cVaeVnbZciYViZ^h9ZXZbWZg'%&* 6hegZk^djhangZedgiZY!i]Z\gdje]Vh/ CdVXi^kZXdcigVXih^ci]ZgZ\^dc 9dgbVi^hZY^ihdeZgVi^dchVcYh]jiYdlc^ihigVY^c\d[[^XZ AZ\VaZci^i^ZhVcYgZ\jaVidgnhigjXijgZh]VkZWZZcgZiV^cZY idVaadli]Z\gdjeidgZ"ZciZgi]ZgZ\^dcl]ZcXdcY^i^dch ^begdkZ 6igVY^c\adhhd[G&!*b^aa^dc;'%&(/G*%!-b^aa^dclVhgZXdgYZY [dgi]Z[^cVcX^VanZVgYjZidXdcigVXiegd[^ihd[G,!%b^aa^dc ;'%&(/G&*!)b^aa^dcadhhZhVcYdkZg]ZVYh^cXajY^c\Xdhih[dg XdbbZgX^VagZhdjgXZhd[G-!*b^aa^dc;'%&(/G(*!)b^aa^dc# I]ZcZiXVggn^c\kVajZd[i]Z\gdjeÉhB^YYaZ:VhiVhhZihVcY a^VW^a^i^ZhVi(%?jcZVgZdjia^cZY^ci]ZiVWaZWZadl/ Gb^aa^dc <(&'* ;'%&( IgVYZVcYdi]ZggZXZ^kVWaZh Ldg`^cegd\gZhh 8Vh]VcYXVh]Zfj^kVaZcih CZiigVYZVcYdi]ZgeVnVWaZh '/'", (-"+ */"/ ',,"+ '*(!+ )(!, )%!&.-!+ '&("+ &(.!* CZiVhhZikVajZ ' ),%679:E6GIB:CID; 8>K>A6K>6I>DC986 >ci]Zeg^dgnZVg![^cVagZhdaji^dcdci]^h XdcigVXi!VcYVaadi]ZgXdcigVXihl^i]i]Z 986!lVhdWiV^cZY I]ZkVajZh^ci]ZiVWaZVWdkZgZegZhZcii]Z9E;XdcigVXi Y^hXjhhZY!VhlZaaVhVcVYY^i^dcVa[djgXdcigVXihl]^X]lZgZ XdbeaZiZYVcYgZVX]ZY[^cVaXZgi^[^XVi^dc!Wjil]^X]gZfj^gZ XadhZ"djiVcYXdaaZXi^dc#LZVgZVXi^kZanldg`^c\l^i]djg_d^ci kZcijgZeVgicZgidZchjgZXadhjgZdci]ZhZdjihiVcY^c\ edh^i^dch#I]ZgZ[dgZ!Vai]dj\]a^b^iZY!i]Z\gdje]Vh[dgZXVhiZY VYY^i^dcVaXdhih^c;'%&*idbdc^idgi]ZXadhZ"djiVcY hZiiaZbZcidcgZbV^c^c\XdcigVXih# + <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) 8DBE:I>I>DC8DBB>HH>DC -' H]VgZ]daYZgh]VkZWZZcVYk^hZY^cegZk^djhhidX`ZmX]Vc\Z cZlhhZgk^XZH:CHVccdjcXZbZcihi]Vii]Z\gdje]Vh Xd"deZgViZYegdVXi^kZanl^i]i]Z8dbeZi^i^dc8dbb^hh^dcd[ Hdji]6[g^XVi]Z8dbb^hh^dch^cXZ'%%.!ViVkZgnZVganhiV\Z d[i]Z8dbb^hh^dcÉh^ckZhi^\Vi^dch^cidbViiZghd[Xdaajh^dc^c i]ZXdchigjXi^dc^cYjhign^cHdji]6[g^XV# I]ZWdVgYVcYbVcV\ZbZcid[<gdje;^kZ^YZci^[^ZY]^hidg^X ^cX^YZcXZhd[Vci^"XdbeZi^i^kZWZ]Vk^djgVcYidd`^bbZY^ViZ VcYYZX^h^kZhiZehid^beaZbZciXdggZXi^kZVXi^dc^ciZgcVaan# I]Z\gdjehZXjgZYXdcY^i^dcVaaZc^ZcXn[gdbi]Z8dbb^hh^dc ^ciZgbhd[i]Z8dbb^hh^dcÉh8dgedgViZAZc^ZcXnEda^Xn^c gZijgc[dg[jaaY^hXadhjgZd[VaabViiZghi]Z\gdjelVhVWaZid jcXdkZgYjg^c\^ih^ciZgcVa^ckZhi^\Vi^dc# I]Z8dbb^hh^dcaVjcX]ZY^ihÆ;Vhi"IgVX`ÇegdXZhh^c'%&&! bV^canVhVgZhjaid[i]Z\gdjeÉhZVga^ZgXd"deZgVi^dc#I]^h ig^\\ZgZYl^YZg^cYjhigneVgi^X^eVi^dc#9jg^c\i]ZÆ;Vhi"IgVX`Ç egdXZhh!i]Z\gdjelVh^bea^XViZY^c[djgXdcigVXihl]^X]]VY cdiWZZcYZiZXiZYi]gdj\]^ih^ciZgcVa^ckZhi^\Vi^dc# I]Z\gdjehjWhZfjZcianXdcYjXiZY^ihdlc[jgi]Zg^ckZhi^\Vi^dc VcYXdch^hiZciangV^hZY[VXijVaVcYZk^YZci^VgnY^hXgZeVcX^Zh l^i]i]Z8dbb^hh^dc^cgZheZXid[i]ZhZXdcigVXih#>ci]Z ^ciZgZhihd[h]VgZ]daYZgh!i]Z\gdjeY^Ycdi]Vhi^anhZiiaZ!Vh i]ZgZlVhcdgZVhdcVWaZWVh^h[dgViig^Wji^c\a^VW^a^inidi]Z \gdje^cgZheZXid[i]Z^bea^XViZYXdcigVXih#>c?jcZ'%&(! Vegdk^h^dclVhgV^hZYV\V^chii]Zg^h`d[VcVYb^c^higVi^kZ eZcVain!VhgZedgiZY^ci]Z\gdjeÉh;'%&(gZhjaih# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl BVcV\ZbZci]VkZi]ZgZ[dgZXdci^cjZYidZc\V\Zl^i]i]Z 8dbb^hh^dcVcYi]Z\gdje]VhgZXZcianVYkVcXZY^ihViiZbeihid gZhedch^WanhZiiaZi]ZdjihiVcY^c\bViiZghdcgZVhdcVWaZiZgbh l^i]i]Z8dbb^hh^dc!l]^aZXdchX^djhd[^ihVXXdjciVW^a^inid XdcXajYZi]^hbViiZg[dgi]ZWZcZ[^id[Vaa^ihhiV`Z]daYZgh# HZiiaZbZci]VhcdinZiWZZcXdcXajYZYYjZidVaVX`d[Zk^YZcXZ VcYgZbV^c^c\[VXijVaY^hXgZeVcX^Zh#I]Z\gdjek^Zlhi]^h^cV kZgnhZg^djhbVccZg\^kZci]ZgZejiVi^dcVa^beVXiVcYediZci^Va [dgX^k^aXaV^bh#I]Z\gdje^hl^aa^c\VcYgZbV^chXdbb^iiZYid hZiiaZbZcidcVgZVhdcVWaZWVh^h!h]djaY^iWZ[djcYid]VkZ XdcigVkZcZYXdbeZi^i^dcaZ\^haVi^dcdcVcnd[i]Z[djgXdcigVXih ^cfjZhi^dc#7VhZYdcaZ\VaXdjchZaVhhZhhbZci!i]Zegdk^h^dc gV^hZY^c;'%&(h]djaYWZVYZfjViZ# >ceVgVaaZa!i]Z\gdje^hVXi^kZanldg`^c\l^i]VcYi]gdj\]i]Z ^cYjhignVcYgZegZhZciVi^kZWjh^cZhhWdY^ZhVcY\dkZgcbZciid Z[[ZXiigVch[dgbVi^dcVcYgZWj^aYi]ZhiVijgZd[i]Z^cYjhign VhVegZXjghdgid!VcY^chjeedgid[!i]ZcVi^dcVaV\ZcYV[dgi]Z bjX]"cZZYZYgdaadjid[i]Z^c[gVhigjXijgZegd\gVbbZh ZbWdY^ZY^c\dkZgcbZciÉhCVi^dcVa9ZkZadebZciEaVcC9E# >ci]^hgZ\VgY!XdcigVgnidgZXZcibZY^VgZedgih!^ih]djaYWZ cdiZYi]Vii]Z^cYjhign]VhkdajciVg^anVeegdVX]ZY\dkZgcbZci VcY^ciZgZhiZYeVgi^Zhl^i]Vc^c^i^Vi^kZ^ci]^hgZ\VgY# HiV`Z]daYZgViiZci^dc^hYgVlcidi]ZXdci^c\Zcig^h`d[X^k^a XaV^bhedhh^WanWZ^c\adY\ZYV\V^chii]Z\gdje!VcYVaa XdchigjXi^dcXdbeVc^Zhl]^X]lZgZeVginidVci^"XdbeZi^i^kZ WZ]Vk^djg![daadl^c\i]Z8dbeZi^i^dc8dbb^hh^dcgZaZVhZd[ ^ih[^cY^c\h^c?jcZ'%&(VcYi]ZejWa^X^ciZgZhigZedgiZY^c gZXZcibdci]h#IdYViZ!cdXaV^b]VhWZZc^chi^ijiZY V\V^chii]Z\gdje# , I]Z\gdjeÉhigVYZY8dcigVXi^c\gZkZcjZVcYdgYZgWdd`VgZ Y^hXadhZYdceV\Z,-id,.# 9G>K>C<<GDLI= I]ZY^hXadhjgZ^ci]^hhZXi^dc^h^ciZcYZYidegdk^YZVYY^i^dcVa^c[dgbVi^dc^cgZhedchZid hiV`Z]daYZggZfjZhih[dg^c[dgbVi^dcl^i]gZ\VgYhidVcjbWZgd[[gZfjZcian"Vh`ZYfjZhi^dch# I]ZZmiZcid[dkZg"WdgYZg8dcigVXi^c\ZmeZg^ZcXZVcYZmedhjgZ 7j^aY^c\ VcY=djh^c\ 8^k^a :c\^cZZg^c\ Egd_ZXih : 8 '% Ä '* ,' '+ '( ' )+ +, & ;'%&(igVYZYgZkZcjZVXijVa (( * )( -& &' ;'%&%igVYZYgZkZcjZVXijVa &- + &, -+ &, dkZg"WdgYZg IdiVa IdiVa8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`VhVi(%?jcZ'%&) ;'%&)igVYZYgZkZcjZVXijVa I]Z\gdjeÉheg^bVgn[dXjh^hdc^ihiVg\ZihZXidgh!l^i]\Zd\gVe]^XadXVi^dcd[i]dhZhZXidgXa^ZcihVhZXdcYVgnXdch^YZgVi^dc[dg\gdli]# I]Z[djghZ\bZcihZVX]]VkZkVgn^c\YZ\gZZhd[dkZg"WdgYZgdeedgijc^i^ZhVhXVcWZhZZc[gdbi]ZY^hXadhjgZVWdkZ#I]Z\Zd\gVe]^X hea^id[i]Z\gdjedgYZgWdd`ldjaYi]ZgZ[dgZcVijgVaanWZkVg^VWaZl^i]i]ZhZXidgldg`[adl# :miZcid[XdcigVXijVag^h`VhhjbZY F2014 I]Ze^Z\gVe]hdjia^cZi]Z\gdjeÉh8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd` WnineZd[XdcigVXi#>i^cY^XViZhi]Vii]Z d[i]ZdkZgVaa8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`^ciZgbhd[i]Zb^md[ XdcigVXihhZXjgZY]VhcdiX]Vc\ZYh^\c^[^XVcian# g^h`egd[^aZ F2013 :miZcid[XdcXZcigVi^dcg^h`WngZ\^dc z Cost plus z Design and build z EPC z Labour only z Lump sum z Re-measurable z Cost plus z Design and build z EPC z Labour only z Lump sum z Re-measurable I]Zbdhih^\c^[^XVciXdcXZcigVi^dc^ciZgbhd[gZ\^dc^hi]Vid[ Hdji]6[g^XVVi,+;'%&(/+-#I]ZgZhid[Hdji]Zgc6[g^XV gZegZhZcih.;'%&(/.d[i]ZigVYZYgZkZcjZ#LZhi6[g^XV gZegZhZcih';'%&(/*!8ZcigVa6[g^XV-;'%&(/&( VcY:Vhi6[g^XV&;'%&(/&#:VhiZgc:jgdeZgZegZhZcih );'%&(/)d[i]ZigVYZYgZkZcjZ#Di]Zgi]Vc^ih]dbZ bVg`Zi!i]Z\gdje^hcdih^\c^[^XVcianZmedhZYiddcZgZ\^dc dgdcZXdjcign# -( ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZXdci^cjZY :miZcid[cZ\di^ViZYXdcigVXihÄd[igVYZYgZkZcjZVcY8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd` IdiVa 7j^aY^c\ VcY=djh^c\ 8^k^a :c\^cZZg^c\ Egd_ZXih : 8 &(''- ))(% (,+% &,)& ('., CZ\di^ViZYXdcigVXihVhVd[igVYZYgZkZcjZ &- (, &. Ä ( Gb^aa^dc IdiVa 7j^aY^c\ VcY=djh^c\ 8^k^a :c\^cZZg^c\ Egd_ZXih : 8 &'*). +-(( '))' '&%% &&,) &* '& &. Ä Ä Gb^aa^dc IgVYZYgZkZcjZ IdiVa8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd` CZ\di^ViZYXdcigVXihVhVd[dgYZgWdd` I]Z\gdjeÉh^ciZ\gViZY^c[gVhigjXijgZd[[Zg^c\VcYhda^YYZa^kZgngZXdgYdcbdhiXdcigVXihVgZViigVXi^c\bdgZXa^Zci^ciZgZhi#I]^h^h bZVhjgZYWni]ZhiZVY^an\gdl^c\a^hid[gZeZViXa^ZcihVcYcZ\di^ViZYXdcigVXihi]gdj\]i]ZXnXaZ# AZc\i]VcYigVY^c\egd[^aZd[i]ZidiVa8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd` IdiVa 7j^aY^c\ VcY=djh^c\ 8^k^a :c\^cZZg^c\ Egd_ZXih : 8 &'*). +-(( '))' '&%% &&,) ;'%&* .'+. )++, &,+, &,)) &%.& ;'%&+ ',+- &-+. *+& '** -( AViZg *&' '., &&) &%& Ä Gb^aa^dc IdiVa8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd` I]ZigVY^c\egd[^aZd[i]ZidiVahZXjgZY8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`]VhaZc\i]ZcZYha^\]ian!l^i],)d[i]Z\gdjeÉhidiVahZXjgZY8dcigVXi^c\ dgYZgWdd`idWZigVYZY^c;'%&*VhdeedhZYid,-l]^X]lVhgZedgiZY^ci]Zeg^dgnZVg# 6aa8dcigVXi^c\Wjh^cZhhZhZmXZei[dgi]Z: 8XajhiZg]VkZVha^\]ianadc\Zga^cZd[h^\]idci]Z^gdgYZgWdd`# +-d[i]Z7j^aY^c\VcY=djh^c\dgYZgWdd`igVYZh^c;'%&*;'%&)/,-!,'d[i]Z8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\dgYZgWdd`igVYZh^c;'%&* ;'%&)/--VcY-(d[i]ZEgd_ZXihdgYZgWdd`igVYZh^c;'%&*;'%&)/-.# I]Z: 8XajhiZgigVYZh.(d[^ihhZXjgZYdgYZgWdd`^c;'%&*VhdeedhZYid+)^ci]Zeg^dgnZVg#I]^h^hidWZZmeZXiZYYjZidi]Z aZc\i]d[i^bZidVX]^ZkZXdcigVXiVlVgYhdcaVg\ZiZX]c^XVaanXdbeaZmXdcigVXihi]VigZfj^gZegd_ZXiYZkZadebZci# HdjgXZd[\gdli]d[i]ZidiVa8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd` IdiVa 7j^aY^c\ VcY=djh^c\ 8^k^a :c\^cZZg^c\ Egd_ZXih : 8 &'*). +-(( '))' '&%% &&,) d[dgYZgWdd`\gdli]VhVgZhjaid[cZlXdcigVXi VlVgYh *- -' '* *% Ä d[dgYZgWdd`\gdli]VhVgZhjaid[^cXgZVhZh^c hXdeZd[Zm^hi^c\XdcigVXih )' &- ,* *% &%% <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) Gb^aa^dc -) IdiVa8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd` I]ZdgYZgWdd`\gdli]egd[^aZ^ciZgbhd[cZlXdcigVXihVlVgYZYkZghjhVc^cXgZVhZ^chXdeZd[\gdli]dccZlXdcigVXih^hVa^\cZYid i]ZbVg`ZiXdcY^i^dchWZ^c\ZmeZg^ZcXZYVcYY^hXjhhZYdceV\Zh'-id(&#>begdkZYXdcY^i^dch^ci]ZgZVaZhiViZhZXidgVaadlZY[dgcZl XdcigVXiVlVgYh#I]Z]^VijhdcXdcigVXiVlVgYh^ci]ZX^k^aZc\^cZZg^c\hZXidgVcYi]ZZmiZch^dcd[aVg\ZejWa^XhZXidgXdcigVXihgZhjaiZY ^ci]ZdgYZgWdd`^cXgZVhZWZ^c\VhVgZhjaid[hXdeZX]Vc\ZhdcXdcigVXih#I]ZEgd_ZXihhZ\bZcilVhhjXXZhh[ja^chZXjg^c\cZl XdcigVXih!VhlZaaVhZc]VcX^c\Zm^hi^c\XdcigVXih#I]Z: 8XajhiZgigVYZYdc^ihh^oZVWaZdgYZgWdd`VcYl^i]cdVlVgYh!i]ZdgYZgWdd` Xdch^hihd[Zm^hi^c\XdcigVXihVcYX]Vc\Z^chXdeZ# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl B6G<>C:ME:8I6I>DCH I]Z\gdjeV^bhidYZa^kZgi]Z[daadl^c\jcYZgan^c\deZgVi^c\bVg\^cheZgXajhiZg VcYhZ\bZci/ ?dl[ijc[djiWdZ 9edY[ii_edi ;d]_d[[h_d] 9edijhkYj_ed CWdk\WYjkh_d] &*Ä'% h]dgiiZgbadlZgZcYd[gVc\Z (Ä* +Ä- 8k_bZ_d]WdZ>eki_d] 9_l_b;d]_d[[h_d] Fhe`[Yji (Ä* *Ä- 'Ä) h]dgiiZgbadlZgZcYd[gVc\Z h]dgiiZgbadlZgZcYd[gVc\Z -* ;^cVcX^VaVcYdeZgVi^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZXdci^cjZY . 8G:9>IG>H@EGD;>A: DjgXa^ZcihVgZXdcXZcigViZYeg^bVg^an^cHdji]6[g^XV!VhlZaaVh^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV!i]Z B^YYaZ:VhiVcY:VhiZgc:jgdeZ# I]Z\gdje]Vhi]Z[daadl^c\VbdjcihYjZ[gdb^ihide[^kZYZWidgh/ KVajZ Gb d[igVYZ VcYdi]Zg gZXZ^kVWaZh d[idiVa gZkZcjZ (&'* H/+*"/ (*$* ,$( '%&( G+,.!. &.#, +#& <(&'* ;'%&( 8ZcigVa6[g^XV :VhiZgc6[g^XV :VhiZgc:jgdeZ B^YYaZ:Vhi Hdji]Zgc6[g^XV LZhiZgc6[g^XV *,.-./ /')&. )(&*(',**, (/-(*.+ '))**, (,(,*( (+*,, (%%*( (%'..'),-%). &-)&,, IdiVaigVYZVcYdi]ZggZXZ^kVWaZh )/'*+(' ()%*+%, I]Z\gdje]Vhi]Z[daadl^c\XgZY^ig^h`eZggZ\^dc/ GÉ%%% >cXajYZYl^i]^cXdcigVXiVcYigVYZYZWidgh^hVcVbdjcid[G+%,b^aa^dc;'%&(/G**-b^aa^dc#I]^h^hYZ[^cZYVhWZ^c\eVhiYjZ[dg XdaaZXi^dc!Wji[gdbl]^X]cdadhh^hZmeZXiZYVcYi]jhcd^beV^gbZcilVhgV^hZY# GÉ%%% <(&'* ;'%&( DcZbdci]eVhiYjZ Ildbdci]heVhiYjZ I]gZZbdci]heVhiYjZ ;djgbdci]hVcY\gZViZgeVhiYjZ '(/-+/ ,-*/& ,-*/& )*(+(( &+',)+ -.'.* *,+,' ')-&*. JejWb ,&-(,' **,-,' <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) D[i]ZG+%,!(b^aa^dceVhiYjZWjicdi^beV^gZY!G(%!+b^aa^dcgZaViZhidVB^YYaZ:VhiYZWidg#G'&)!%b^aa^dc^hYjZ[gdbb^c^c\Xa^Zcih i]Vi]VkZV\gZZYid!VcYVgZ]dcdjg^c\!h]dgiiZgbgZeVnbZcieaVch#G(*!%b^aa^dcgZaViZhidVYZWiYjZ^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV!l]^X]^h ZmeZXiZYidWZXdaaZXiZYl^i]^ci]Z[^ghi]Va[d[;'%&*#G&'&!(b^aa^dcgZaViZhidVbdjcihYjZ[gdbVadXVaXa^Zcii]Vi^h^ci]ZegdXZhh d[hZiiaZbZci# -+ I]ZigVYZVcYdi]ZggZXZ^kVWaZheVhiYjZ!Wjicdi^beV^gZY!VhVeZgXZciV\Zd[idiVaigVYZVcYdi]ZggZXZ^kVWaZh!gZbV^chjcX]Vc\ZY nZVg"dc"nZVgVi&+# >cVYY^i^dc!VcY^cXajYZYl^i]^ci]ZidiVaigVYZVcYdi]ZggZXZ^kVWaZhY^hXadhjgZVWdkZ!i]Z\gdje^hYjZVcVbdjcid[G'&*b^aa^dc^c kVajZ"VYYZYiVmVi^dc[gdbVji]dg^i^Zh^ci]ZHdji]Zgc6[g^XVcgZ\^dc# NZVgjcYZggZk^Zl / 76A6C8:H=::IEDH>I>DC6C9I=:<GDJEÉHA>FJ>9>IN CZiVhhZikVajZeZgh]VgZÄG CZiYZWiidZfj^ingVi^d 8Vh]dc]VcYÄGb^aa^dch 8jggZcigVi^d <(&'* ;'%&( (+"// '&!+* Å Ä (/'( '.*) '$( &#' >i^heaZVh^c\idcdiZi]Vii]Z\gdjeÉhhiViZbZcid[[^cVcX^Vaedh^i^dcXdci^cjZhidWZhdjcY!l^i]/ 6c^acZi\ZVg^c\gVi^d 7Vc`VcYXVh]WVaVcXZhaVg\ZanjcX]Vc\ZYnZVg"dc"nZVgViG'!.W^aa^dc I]ZXjggZcigVi^dXdch^hiZciVi&#' 6c^cXgZVhZ^ccZiVhhZikVajZeZgh]VgZdkZg;'%&( 7Zadl^hVegd[^aZd[gZVa^hVi^dcd[[^cVcX^VaVhhZihkZghjhhZiiaZbZcid[[^cVcX^VaYZWi!^cY^XVi^c\i]Z\gdjeÉha^fj^Y^inegd[^aZ# L^i]^c &Ä+bdci]h L^i]^c ,Ä&'bdci]h L^i]^c &Ä'nZVgh L^i]^c 'Ä*nZVgh <gZViZgi]Vc *nZVgh IdiVa ;^cVcX^VaVhhZih +(&'%(. ,&'++( (%'-&* Ä +*&%+& ,.,-*,- ;^cVcX^Vaa^VW^a^i^Zh )),-+-( &***+,% )*&-'+ &+.,)% Ä ++**.&. GÉ%%% ADD@>C<;DGL6G9 I]ZbVg`Zih^cl]^X]i]Z\gdje XjggZcianigVYZhhi^aagZbV^c XdbeVgVi^kZanlZV`#=dlZkZg!i]Z \gdjeÉhhigViZ\^ZhVcYedh^i^dc^c\ ^ccZlVcYigVY^i^dcVaiVg\Zi bVg`Zih]VkZ!VcYl^aaXdci^cjZ id!b^i^\ViZhdbZd[i]^h lZV`cZhh# ]Z\gdje]VhbVYZ I \ddYegd\gZhhV\V^chi ^ihXdci^cjdjh^ciZgcVa [^icZhhegd\gVbbZh! ^cXajY^c\i]ZgZadXVi^dc d[i]ZbV_dg^ind[^ih <VjiZc\Wjh^cZhhZh^cid Vh^c\aZejgedhZ"Wj^ai ^ciZ\gViZYXZcigVad[[^XZ# I]Z\gdjeÉhidiVahZXjgZY 8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd` 8dchigjXi^dcVcY:c\^cZZg^c\ 8dchigjXi^dcdgYZgWdd`hiVcYhVi G&'!*W^aa^dc#>cVYY^i^dc! i]Z\gdje]VhG)!+W^aa^dc ^chZXjgZYdeZgVi^dchVcY bV^ciZcVcXZXdcigVXih# I]jh!i]ZdkZgVaa\gdjegZedgiZY dgYZgWdd`Vi?jcZ'%&)hiVcYh Vi G&,!&W^aa^dc# I]Zdjiadd`[dgi]ZWjh^cZhh^ci]Z h]dgiiZgb^h[V^gid\ddY#I]Z dgYZgWdd`^hWZ^c\gZeaZc^h]ZY^c a^cZl^i]i]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\n!l^i] ^cXgZVh^c\hjXXZhh^cedh^i^dc^c\ i]Z\gdjeÉh^ciZ\gViZY ^c[gVhigjXijgZd[[Zg^c\bdgZ eZgbVcZcian[dgaVg\ZgXdcigVXih ^c`ZnhZXidgh^chjeedgid[i]Z \gdjeÉh6[g^XVcVcY:VhiZgc :jgdeZZmeVch^dcVbW^i^dch# I]ZkVajZd[i]Z\gdjeÉhiVg\Zideedgijc^ine^eZa^cZhiVcYhViG'%'W^aa^dc!Vc^cXgZVhZ [gdbG&,.W^aa^dcVi?jcZ'%&(VcYG&,)W^aa^dcVi9ZXZbWZg'%&(!l^i]G&%)W^aa^dcd[ i]^he^eZa^cZXjggZcian^ciZcYZgVcYegZ"iZcYZghiV\Z# I]Ze^eZa^cZ^cY^XViZh[jijgZhigdc\YZbVcY^c b^c^c\VcYV[jgi]Zgh]^[i^c[Vkdjgd[edlZgVcY d^aVcY\Vh!VhlZaaVhVgdWjhiigVchedgihZXidg# LViZgegd_ZXihVgZhadlanXdb^c\idbVg`ZiWjigZVaZhiViZadd`hhZiidWZhdbZl]Vi hadlZgV[iZgVeZg^dYd[]^\]dgYZgWdd`\gdli]# -, %' =dllZVgZ ]el[hd[Z" c[Wikh[Z VcYgZbjcZgViZY <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) BVcV\ZbZciVgZVXjiZanVlVgZd[i]Z^bedgiVcXZd[]Vk^c\V hdjcYZi]^XhXjaijgZi]gdj\]djii]Z\gdje#>ca^cZl^i]djgdc\d^c\ Xdbb^ibZciidXdbea^VcXZVcYZi]^Xhl^i]^ci]Z\gdjeVcYid hjeedgiYZa^kZgn!VYY^i^dcVagZhdjgXZhlZgZVeed^ciZYYjg^c\i]ZnZVg! ^cXajY^c\VYZY^XViZYXdbea^VcXZbVcV\Zgl]dl^aadkZghZZ Xdbea^VcXZVcYZi]^Xhl^i]^ci]Z\gdje# -- .% 8dbW^cZY VhhjgVcXZ ., Djg\gdje bZVhjgZh &%' &'( DjgiZVbÉh bZVhjgZh DjgiZVbÉh gZbjcZgVi^dc -. =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY 9ecX_d[Z WiikhWdY[ <gdje;^kZZbeadnhVXdbW^cZYVhhjgVcXZ bdYZa!l]^X]hZZ`hiddei^b^hZi]Z VhhjgVcXZdWiV^cZY[gdbbVcV\ZbZciVcY ^ciZgcVaVcYZmiZgcVaVhhjgVcXZegdk^YZgh l^i]gZ\VgYhidh^\c^[^XVcig^h`hi]ViXdjaY ^beVXii]Z\gdje# E]^a^h^lZBi]Zi]lV8]V^geZghdc L^i]i]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\nd[ZciZg^c\ ^cXgZVh^c\anXdbeaZmXdcigVXihVcY VYY^i^dcVaZbZg\^c\bVg`Zi ZXdcdb^Zh!^iWZXdbZhZkZcbdgZ Xg^i^XVaidVXiidegdiZXi^ih^ciZ\g^in VcYidbV`ZhjgZ^ihZbeadnZZh VgZlZaaigV^cZYVcYVlVgZd[i]Z^g gZhedch^W^a^i^Zh!VhlZaaVhid\^kZ i]Zb\j^YVcXZdc]dlidYZVa l^i]h^ijVi^dchd[YjgZhh# >ciZ\g^in^hdcZd[i]ZXdgcZghidcZhd[i]Z\gdjeÉhhZkZc kVajZh#I]Z\gdjeÉhZi]^XhhiVcYVgYhVgZhZidji^cV 8dYZd[8dcYjXi#6cZl8dYZd[8dcYjXilVhYgV[iZY Yjg^c\i]ZnZVgVcYgZeaVXZhi]Z]^hidg^X8dYZd[:i]^Xh# I]Z8dYZd[8dcYjXiYZiV^ahi]Z\gdjeÉhZmeZXiVi^dcd[ ]dlZbeadnZZh!hjW"XdcigVXidgh!hjeea^ZghVcY_d^ci kZcijgZeVgicZghh]djaYXdcYjXii]ZbhZakZhl]^ahi ldg`^c\l^i]<gdje;^kZ# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) BVcV\ZbZciVgZVXjiZanVlVgZd[i]Z^bedgiVcXZd[ ]Vk^c\VhdjcYZi]^XhXjaijgZi]gdj\]djii]Z\gdje# IdhjeedgiYZa^kZgn!VYY^i^dcVagZhdjgXZhlZgZVeed^ciZY Yjg^c\i]ZnZVg!^cXajY^c\VYZY^XViZYXdbea^VcXZ bVcV\Zgl]dl^aadkZghZZXdbea^VcXZVcYZi]^Xh l^i]^ci]Z\gdje# .% & BVcV\ZbZci 8dbW^cZY VhhjgVcXZ ( ' :miZgcVa VhhjgVcXZ >ciZgcVa VhhjgVcXZ I]ZbV^cVgZVhd[VhhjgVcXZYZa^kZgZYWni]Zi]gZZegdk^YZgh ^cXajYZ/ ' CWdW][c[djÄ[^ghia^cZd[YZ[ZcXZ BVcV\ZbZciVgZgZfj^gZYidegdk^YZi]ZWdVgYl^i]VhhjgVcXZ i]Vii]Zn]VkZ^beaZbZciZYVcYbdc^idgZYi]Z\gdjeÉhg^h` Xdcigdah!^cXajY^c\VYZfjViZeda^X^ZhVcYegdXZYjgZhVcYi]Vi i]ZhZVgZVXi^kZdcVYVn"id"YVnWVh^h# Idegdk^YZi]ZWdVgYl^i]i]^hVhhjgVcXZ!i]Z\gdjeÉhZmZXji^kZ Xdbb^iiZZVhhjbZYgZhedch^W^a^in[dgi]Z^beaZbZciVi^dcd[V \gdje"l^YZXdbW^cZYVhhjgVcXZg^h`eaVc<86GE!l]^X] ^cXajYZh/ i]ZXdci^cjVaVhhZhhbZcid[`Zng^h`h i]ZVeegdkVad[g^h`VXi^dceaVchZhiVWa^h]ZYidb^i^\ViZg^h`h ^YZci^[^ZY i]ZhZeaVchlZgZVaadXViZYidi]Zi]gZZaZkZahd[YZ[ZcXZ! VhVeegdeg^ViZ I]Z\gdje]VhV[dgbVa8dYZd[:i]^Xh VcYVi^e"d[[ha^cZ#I]ZcjbWZg^h/ %-%%%%)-&& >i^hVc^cYZeZcYZcianbVcV\ZYhZgk^XZidZchjgZXdc[^YZci^Va^in# I]Z\gdjeÉhg^h`YZeVgibZci^hgZhedch^WaZ[dg/ i]ZYZkZadebZcid[i]Zg^h`VXi^dceaVch i]Zgdaadjid[i]ZXdbW^cZYVhhjgVcXZg^h`eaVcidZVX] Wjh^cZhhVcYaZkZad[YZ[ZcXZ dkZghZZ^c\i]Z^beaZbZciVi^dcd[i]Zg^h`eaVc Zchjg^c\Xdci^cjZY[dXjhWnbVcV\ZbZciVcYi]ZWjh^cZhh ?dj[hdWbWiikhWdY[ÄhZXdcYaZkZad[YZ[ZcXZ I]Z^ciZgcVaVjY^i[jcXi^dc^hdkZghZZcWni]Z\gdjeÉhVjY^i Xdbb^iiZZVcYegdk^YZh^ciZgcVaVhhjgVcXZidi]Z\gdje#>ih gZhedch^W^a^in^hidVhhZhhi]ZVYZfjVXnVcYZ[[ZXi^kZcZhhd[i]Z \gdjeÉhhnhiZbd[^ciZgcVaXdcigdaVcYg^h`bVcV\ZbZciegVXi^XZh# ) ;nj[hdWbWiikhWdY[Äi]^gYaZkZad[YZ[ZcXZ ;daadl^c\i]ZZhiVWa^h]bZcid[VcdkZgVgX]^c\\gdjeXdbW^cZY VhhjgVcXZg^h`eaVc<86GE!VhYZhXg^WZYWZadl!h^\c^[^XVci g^h`hVcYbViZg^Va[dXjhVgZVhlZgZ]^\]a^\]iZY#I]Z\gdje gZXZ^kZYZmiZgcVaVhhjgVcXZdcVcjbWZgd[i]ZhZVheZXih YZZbZYh^\c^[^XVci# I]ZZmiZgcVaVhhjgVcXZdWiV^cZY!id\Zi]Zgl^i]YZiV^ahdc i]ZZmiZgcVaegdk^YZghl]deZg[dgbZYi]ZVhhjgVcXZgZk^Zl! ^ha^hiZYdceV\Zh.'id.,# 7D6G9D;9>G:8IDGHÉB6C96I:ID HJ7"8DBB>II::H I]Z\gdjeÉhVjY^iXdbb^iiZZ^hgZhedch^WaZ[dgZchjg^c\i]ViV XdbW^cZYVhhjgVcXZbdYZa]VhWZZcVeea^ZYl^i]^ci]Z\gdje! egdk^Y^c\VXd"dgY^cViZYVeegdVX]idVaaVhhjgVcXZVXi^k^i^Zh# I]Z\gdjeg^h`d[[^XZgegdk^YZh[ZZYWVX`dci]Z\gdjeÉhVeegdVX] VcYeaVcl^i]gZ\VgYhidXdbW^cZYVhhjgVcXZidi]ZVjY^i Xdbb^iiZZZkZgnnZVg# I]Z\gdjeÉhg^h`Xdbb^iiZZ^hgZhedch^WaZ[dgZchjg^c\i]Vii]Z <86GE^hVeegdeg^ViZidVYYgZhhVaah^\c^[^XVcig^h`h[VX^c\i]Z XdbeVcn#I]Z\gdjeÉhg^h`Xdbb^iiZZ/ VhhZhhZhi]ZeaVc[dgXdbeaZiZcZhh ^hgZhedch^WaZ[dgi]Zjai^bViZVeegdkVad[i]ZeaVc bdc^idgh^ihZ[[ZXi^kZcZhh!^cXajY^c\i]ZXdcigdahidWZ ^beaZbZciZYidZchjgZg^h`hVgZbVcV\ZYVcYbdc^idgZY I]Z\gdjeg^h`d[[^XZggZedgihidi]Zg^h`Xdbb^iiZZdci]Z <86GEdcVfjVgiZganWVh^h# 9:K:ADEB:CIH9JG>C<I=:N:6G I]Z<86GElVhYZkZadeZYWni]Z\gdjeg^h`YZeVgibZciWVhZY dc[ZZYWVX`egdk^YZYWnVaahZ\bZcihgZ\VgY^c\i]Zi]gZVih VcYlZV`cZhhZhi]ViXdjaYV[[ZXii]Z^ghZ\bZci[gdbVX]^Zk^c\ i]Z^gVcYi]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\n#I]ZhZlZgZ^YZci^[^ZYWnhZc^dg bVcV\ZbZciÆide"YdlcÇVeegdVX]VcYi]gdj\]i]ZgZk^Zl VcYXdchda^YVi^dcWni]Zg^h`YZeVgibZcid[i]ZgZaZkVci hZ\bZciVcYegd_ZXig^h`gZ\^hiZghÈWdiidb"jeÇVeegdVX]# >cVYY^i^dc!hZ\bZcihegZhZciZYi]Z^ghigViZ\nVcYi]ZgZaZkVci g^h`hi]ViXdjaYV[[ZXii]Z^ghigViZ\nidi]Z\gdjeZmZXji^kZ Xdbb^iiZZYjg^c\i]Z^gVccjVahigViZ\ngZk^ZlVcYWjY\Zi" hZii^c\egdXZhh#I]ZZmZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZÆhigZhhiZhiZYÇ i]ZhZ\bZcihÉhigViZ\^ZhWnX]VaaZc\^c\bVcV\ZbZcidc Vhhjbei^dchbVYZ#I]ZZmZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZVhhZhhZh i]Zg^h`h[dgXdbeaZiZcZhh!VXXjgVXnVcYkVa^Y^in# ;daadl^c\i]^h!i]Z\gdjeg^h`YZeVgibZcijcYZgidd`V Xdchda^YVi^dcVcY[^aiZg^c\egdXZhhidhZaZXii]ZbdhibViZg^Va g^h`h^ciZgbhd[^beVXiVcYa^`Za^]ddYidi]Z\gdje#I]ZhZg^h`h lZgZ^cXajYZYdci]Z<86GE#I]Zg^h`h!VcYVXi^dceaVchid VYYgZhhi]Zg^h`h!lZgZgZk^ZlZYVcYVeegdkZYWni]Z8:D!8;D VcY\gdjeg^h`d[[^XZg#I]Z<86GElVhVahdXdbeVgZYidg^h`h ^YZci^[^ZYWnXdbeZi^idghl^i]^cadXVaVcY^ciZgcVi^dcVabVg`Zih idVhhZhhi]ZXdbeaZiZcZhhd[i]Z<86GE# @Zng^h`^cY^XVidgh@G>hVcYiVg\ZibZVhjgZh!VeegdkZYWni]Z ZmZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZ!]VkZVahdWZZc^cXajYZYV\V^chiZVX]d[ i]ZVXi^dceaVch# 9jg^c\;'%&)!i]Z<86GElVhegZhZciZYidi]Zg^h`Xdbb^iiZZ [dggZk^Zl#I]ZXdbb^iiZZgZk^ZlZYi]ZeaVcVcY!hjW_ZXiidi]Z VY_jhibZcid[i]ZeaVc[dgheZX^[^XVYY^i^dcVag^h`h^YZci^[^ZY!i]Z Xdbb^iiZZVeegdkZYi]ZeaVc#I]Z[^cVa^hZY<86GElVhgVi^[^ZYVi i]Z6j\jhi'%&)g^h`Xdbb^iiZZbZZi^c\!^cXajY^c\i]ZXdcigdah idWZ^beaZbZciZYidZchjgZg^h`hVgZbVcV\ZYVcYbdc^idgZY# I]Z`Zng^h`h^YZci^[^ZYl^i]^ci]Z<86GE^cXajYZ/ 9 ZaVnh^cgdaadjid[ XdcigVXih GZhdjgXZbVcV\ZbZci IgVch[dgbVi^dc KdaVi^aZaVWdjgbVg`Zi BVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch DkZg"WdgYZgXdbeaZm^in H jW"XdcigVXidgVcY hjeea^ZgbVcV\ZbZci :mZXji^dcg^h` HV[ZinVcYZck^gdcbZciVa g^h`h A^fj^Y^in[dXjh I]ZhZ`Zng^h`hlZgZZbeadnZY^ci]ZYZiZgb^cVi^dcd[i]Z bViZg^Va^hhjZhidWZVYYgZhhZYl^i]^ci]^hnZVgÉh^ciZ\gViZY VccjVagZedgi# mmm I]Z[jaaiVWaZd[g^h`h^hXdciV^cZY^ci]ZhjeeaZbZciVgn hZXi^dcd[i]Z^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgiVi lll#\gdje[^kZ#Xd#oV ;daadl^c\i]Zg^h`Xdbb^iiZZgZk^Zl!i]Z<86GElVhegZhZciZY idi]ZVjY^iXdbb^iiZZ[dgXdch^YZgVi^dc#>iXdc[^gbZY^ih VXXZeiVcXZd[i]ZeaVc^ca^cZl^i]i]ZXdbb^iiZZÉhgZhedch^W^a^in idXdc[^gbi]ZVeegdeg^ViZcZhhd[VaadXVi^dcd[gZhedch^W^a^i^Zh WZilZZci]Zi]gZZaZkZahd[YZ[ZcXZ# =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY ( ADD@>C<;DGL6G9 9jg^c\;'%&*!i]Z@G>hl^aaWZjhZYidbdc^idgi]Z Z[[ZXi^kZcZhhd[i]ZVXi^dceaVc#L]ZgZV@G> ^cY^XViZhi]Vii]ZVXijVag^h`bZVhjgZ^h\gZViZg i]Vci]ZiVg\ZibZVhjgZY!dkZgVeZg^dYd[i^bZi]Z VXi^dceaVcbjhiWZgZVhhZhhZY[dgVYZfjVXnVcY Z[[ZXi^kZcZhh# DcVfjVgiZganWVh^h!i]Z\gdjeg^h`YZeVgibZci l^aaXdchda^YViZi]ZgZhjaihd[i]ZVXijVabZVhjgZ d[i]ZVXi^dceaVcVcYXdbeVgZi]ZhZV\V^chiZVX] iVg\Zi#I]^hl^aaYZiZgb^cZi]ZhjXXZhhd[i]Z VXi^dceaVch^cVX]^Zk^c\^ihdW_ZXi^kZd[b^i^\Vi^c\ i]Z^YZci^[^ZYg^h`#G^h`idaZgVcXZi]gZh]daYhl^aa VahdWZVaadXViZYidZVX]@G>idZchjgZZVgan XdggZXi^kZVXi^dcl]ZgZVg^h`hiVgihidWgZVX]i]Z aZkZad[g^h`VXXZeiVWaZidi]Z\gdje# >ciZgcVaVjY^i]VhWZZciVh`ZYl^i]jcYZgiV`^c\V gZk^Zld[hZ\bZcihÉegd\gZhhV\V^chi^beaZbZciVi^dc d[i]Z<86GEVXi^dceaVchYjg^c\;'%&*# .& 8dbW^cZYVhhjgVcXZXdci^cjZY 6HHJG6C8:B:6HJG:H I]Z\gdje^h^cYZeZcYZcianVhhjgZYWnZmiZgcVaVhhjgVcXZegdk^YZghdcVkVg^Zind[ bZVhjgZhZVX]nZVg#>ci]ZiVWaZWZadllZdjia^cZi]ZbViZg^VadcZh# IldVYY^i^dcVabZVhjgZhlZgZ^cYZeZcYZcianVhhjgZYWnEg^XZlViZg]djhZ8ddeZgh>cX#i]^hnZVg! cVbZani]Zadhi"i^bZ^c_jgn[gZfjZcXngViZAI>;Gd[eZgbVcZciZbeadnZZh^cHdji]6[g^XVVcYi]Z gZhid[6[g^XVVcYi]ZhZXjgZYDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd`# I]ZhZlZgZhZaZXiZY[dgVhhjgVcXZYjZidi]Z^gh^\c^[^XVcXZidi]Z\gdjeVcY^ihhiV`Z]daYZgh# 7JH>C:HHEGD8:HH 6HHJG:9 DJIEJI;GDB 6HHJG6C8: IJ7JKI 6HHJG6C8:EGDK>9:G DE:G6I>DC6A$G>H@$;>C6C8>6A KVajZd[8dcigVXi^c\ldg`hZXjgZY idWZZmZXjiZY 8dcigVXi^c\hZXjgZY dgYZgWdd` 6hhjgZY Eg^XZlViZg]djhZ8ddeZgh>cX# miZcid[XdchigjXi^dcXdcigVXi : egd[^iVW^a^in 8dcigVXiadhh"$ egd[^i"bV`ZggVi^d 6hhjgZY Eg^XZlViZg]djhZ8ddeZgh>cX# DeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZVccj^in gZkZcjZid[^ghigZk^ZlYViZ HZXjgZYDeZgVi^dchVcY BV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd` 6hhjgZY Eg^XZlViZg]djhZ8ddeZgh>cX# :Xdcdb^XkVajZVYYZY KVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZci 6hhjgZY Eg^XZlViZg]djhZ8ddeZgh>cX# V^gegZhZciVi^dc^cVaabViZg^Va ; VheZXihÄ[^cVcX^Vaedh^i^dcVcY eZg[dgbVcXZd[i]Z\gdjeVcY XdbeVcn :miZgcVaVjY^igZedgi 6jY^iZY Eg^XZlViZg]djhZ8ddeZgh>cX# CjbWZgd[adhi"i^bZ^c_jgnXVhZh Adhi"i^bZ^c_jgn [gZfjZcXngViZ 6hhjgZY Eg^XZlViZg]djhZ8ddeZgh>cX# >HD.%%&/'%%- 6hhjgZYÄ&%%d[ hZ\bZcihXZgi^[^ZY 9:@G6 EgdXZYjgZhVcYeda^X^Zh 9:@G6XZgi^[^XVi^dc 6hhjgZYÄkZg^[^ZY egdXZYjgZh 9:@G6 HV[ZinhnhiZbh DH=6H&-%%&/'%%, 6hhjgZYÄ&%%d[ hZ\bZcihXZgi^[^ZY 9:@G6 FJ6A>IN FjVa^inhnhiZbh =:6AI=6C9H6;:IN :CK>GDCB:CI 8VgWdcZb^hh^dch 8dc[^gbZYXVgWdcY^hXadhjgZ KZg^[^ZY[dg;'%&'VcY Zb^hh^dc ;'%&(#;'%&)WZ^c\kZg^[^ZY EgdbZi]^jb8VgWdc :ck^gdcbZciVaVjY^ih >HD&)%%&/'%%) 6hhjgZYÄ&%%d[ hZ\bZcihXZgi^[^ZY 9:@G6 777::hXdgZXVgY 6hhjgZY 7::KZg^[^XVi^dc6\ZcXnXX :beadnZZhVi^h[VXi^dc :beadnZZhVi^h[VXi^dchjgkZn >cYZeZcYZciankZg^[^ZY Hd[i8gV[iGZhZVgX] IgV^c^c\VcY=GhnhiZbh >HD.%%&/'%%- 6hhjgZYÄVjY^iZYegdXZhhZh 9:@G6VcY7::KZg^[^XVi^dc 6\ZcXnXX :BEDL:GB:CI <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) 777::XgZYZci^Vah .' =JB6CG:HDJG8:H <DK:GC6C8: 7dVgYgZk^Zl :kVajVi^dcd[Z[[ZXi^kZcZhh >cYZeZcYZciVhhZhhbZci d[i]ZWdVgYVcY^ihbZbWZgh =Z^cYg^X`Higj\\aZh :[[ZXi^kZcZhhd[egd\gVbbZ ?VcZiiZB^ccVVg!XdcigVXidg idi]Z:i]^Xh>chi^ijiZd[ Hdji]6[g^XV :I=>8H :i]^XhigV^c^c\ >cYZeZcYZciVhhZhhbZci >C9:E:C9:CI6HHJG6C8:G:EDGIIDI=: 9>G:8IDGHD;<GDJE;>K:A>B>I:9 GZheZXi^kZgZhedch^W^a^i^Zhd[i]Z9^gZXidghVcY Eg^XZlViZg]djhZ8ddeZgh>cX# LZ]VkZWZZcZc\V\ZYWni]ZY^gZXidghd[<gdje;^kZA^b^iZY i]ZÆ8dbeVcnÇdgÆ<gdje;^kZÇideZg[dgbVc^cYZeZcYZci a^b^iZYVhhjgVcXZZc\V\ZbZci^cgZheZXid[HZaZXiZY HjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dcgZedgiZY^ci]Z8dbeVcnÉh>ciZ\gViZY 6ccjVaGZedgi[dgi]ZnZVgZcY^c\(%?jcZ'%&)i]ZÆGZedgiÇ# I]^hgZedgi^hegdYjXZY^cVXXdgYVcXZl^i]i]ZiZgbhd[djg XdcigVXil^i]i]Z8dbeVcnYViZY&%?jan'%&)# I]ZY^gZXidghVgZgZhedch^WaZ[dghZaZXi^dc!egZeVgVi^dcVcY egZhZciVi^dcd[i]ZHZaZXiZYHjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dc^c VXXdgYVcXZl^i]i]ZXg^iZg^VÆGZedgi^c\8g^iZg^VÇhZidji Vadc\h^YZi]ZhZaZXiZYhjhiV^cVW^a^in^c[dgbVi^dc#I]ZY^gZXidgh VgZVahdgZhedch^WaZ[dgYZh^\c^c\!^beaZbZci^c\VcYbV^ciV^c^c\ d[^ciZgcVaXdcigdahVhi]ZY^gZXidghYZiZgb^cZ^hcZXZhhVgnid ZcVWaZi]ZegZeVgVi^dcd[i]ZHZaZXiZYHjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dc i]ViVgZ[gZZ[gdbbViZg^Vab^hhiViZbZcih!l]Zi]ZgYjZid [gVjYdgZggdg# >cYZeZcYZcXZVcY:meZgi^hZ LZ]VkZXdbea^ZYl^i]i]Z>ciZgcVi^dcVa;ZYZgVi^dcd[ 6XXdjciVcihÉ>;688dYZd[:i]^Xh[dgEgd[Zhh^dcVa6XXdjciVcih! l]^X]^cXajYZhXdbegZ]Zch^kZ^cYZeZcYZcXZVcYdi]Zg gZfj^gZbZcih[djcYZYdc[jcYVbZciVaeg^cX^eaZhd[^ciZ\g^in! dW_ZXi^k^in!VcYegd[Zhh^dcVaXdbeZiZcXZVcYYjZXVgZ! Xdc[^YZci^Va^inVcYegd[Zhh^dcVaWZ]Vk^djg#DjgZc\V\ZbZcilVh XdcYjXiZYWnVbjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgniZVbd[]ZVai]!hV[Zin! Zck^gdcbZciVaVcYVhhjgVcXZheZX^Va^hihl^i]ZmiZch^kZ ZmeZg^ZcXZ^chjhiV^cVW^a^ingZedgi^c\# HXdeZVcYHjW_ZXiBViiZg I]Z[daadl^c\HZaZXiZYHjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dc^ci]ZGZedgi lVhhZaZXiZY[dgVcZmegZhh^dcd[a^b^iZYVhhjgVcXZ/ ,. 9edjhWYj_d]ehZ[hXeeaÅlWbk[e\9edjhWYj_d] mehai[Ykh[ZjeX[[n[Ykj[Z -% Ef[hWj_ediWdZCW_dj[dWdY[ehZ[hXeea ÅEf[hWj_ediWdZCW_dj[dWdY[Wddk_jo h[l[dk[je\_hijh[l_[mZWj[ '' 9edjhWYjbeii#%fhe\_j#cWa[hhWj_eÅ[nj[dj e\YedijhkYj_edYedjhWYjfhe\_jWX_b_jo *, BJ?<Hf[hcWd[dj[cfbeo[[i_dIekj^7\h_YW WdZj^[h[ije\7\h_YWÅbeij#j_c[_d`kho \h[gk[dYohWj[ LZgZ[Zgidi]^h^c[dgbVi^dcXdaaZXi^kZanVhi]ZÆHZaZXiZY HjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dcÇ# LZ]VkZcdiXVgg^ZYdjiVcnldg`dcYViVgZedgiZY[dgeg^dg gZedgi^c\eZg^dYh!cdg]VkZlZeZg[dgbZYldg`^cgZheZXid[ [jijgZegd_ZXi^dchVcYiVg\Zih#LZ]VkZcdiXdcYjXiZYVcnldg` djih^YZd[i]ZV\gZZYhXdeZVcYi]ZgZ[dgZgZhig^Xidjgde^c^dcid i]ZHZaZXiZYHjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dc# DjggZhedch^W^a^in^hid[dgbVc^cYZeZcYZciXdcXajh^dc!WVhZY dcdjga^b^iZYVhhjgVcXZegdXZYjgZh!dcl]Zi]ZgVcni]^c\]Vh XdbZiddjgViiZci^dcid^cY^XViZi]ViHZaZXiZYHjhiV^cVW^a^in >c[dgbVi^dc]VhcdiWZZcegZeVgZY!^cVaabViZg^VagZheZXih!^c VXXdgYVcXZl^i]i]ZGZedgi^c\8g^iZg^V# I]^hgZedgi!^cXajY^c\i]ZXdcXajh^dc!]VhWZZcegZeVgZYhdaZan [dgi]ZY^gZXidghd[i]Z8dbeVcnVhVWdYn!idVhh^hii]Z Y^gZXidgh^cgZedgi^c\dci]Z8dbeVcnÉhhjhiV^cVWaZYZkZadebZci eZg[dgbVcXZVcYVXi^k^i^Zh#LZeZgb^ii]ZY^hXadhjgZd[i]^h gZedgil^i]^ci]ZGZedgi[dgi]ZnZVgZcYZY(%?jcZ'%&)!id ZcVWaZi]ZY^gZXidghidYZbdchigViZi]Zn]VkZY^hX]Vg\ZYi]Z^g \dkZgcVcXZgZhedch^W^a^i^ZhWnXdbb^hh^dc^c\Vc^cYZeZcYZci VhhjgVcXZgZedgi^cXdccZXi^dcl^i]i]ZGZedgi#Idi]Z[jaaZhi ZmiZcieZgb^iiZYWnaVl!lZYdcdiVXXZeidgVhhjbZ gZhedch^W^a^inidVcndcZdi]Zgi]Vci]ZY^gZXidghVhVWdYnVcY i]Z8dbeVcn[dgdjgldg`dgi]^hgZedgihVkZl]ZgZiZgbhVgZ ZmegZhhanV\gZZYVcYl^i]djgeg^dgXdchZci^clg^i^c\# =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY LZXdbb^hh^dcZYildVYY^i^dcVabZVhjgZh[dgVhhjgVcXZi]^hnZVgÄi]Vid[i]Zadhi"i^bZ ^c_jgngViZAI>;G[dgeZgbVcZciZbeadnZZh^cHdji]6[g^XVVcYi]ZgZhid[6[g^XVVcY i]ZhZXjgZYDeZgVi^dchVcYBV^ciZcVcXZdgYZgWdd`#I]Z8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`VcYi]Z XdcigVXiadhh"$egd[^i"bV`ZggVi^dlZgZVhhjgZY[dgi]Z[^[i]nZVg^cVgdl# 6hhjgVcXZldg`eZg[dgbZY LZXdcYjXiZYdjga^b^iZYVhhjgVcXZZc\V\ZbZci^cVXXdgYVcXZ l^i]>ciZgcVi^dcVaHiVcYVgYdc6hhjgVcXZ:c\V\ZbZcih(%%%/ 6hhjgVcXZ:c\V\ZbZcihdi]Zgi]Vc6jY^ihVcYGZk^Zlhd[ =^hidg^XVa;^cVcX^Va>c[dgbVi^dc>H6:(%%%^hhjZYWni]Z >ciZgcVi^dcVa6jY^i^c\VcY6hhjgVcXZHiVcYVgYh7dVgY#I]^h hiVcYVgYgZfj^gZhi]VilZXdbeanl^i]Zi]^XVagZfj^gZbZcihVcY i]VilZeaVcVcYeZg[dgbi]ZVhhjgVcXZZc\V\ZbZciiddWiV^c a^b^iZYVhhjgVcXZdci]ZHZaZXiZYHjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dcVh eZgi]ZiZgbhd[djgZc\V\ZbZci# Djgldg`^cXajYZYZmVb^cVi^dc!dcViZhiWVh^h!d[Zk^YZcXZ gZaZkVciidi]ZHZaZXiZYHjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dc#>iVahd ^cXajYZYVcVhhZhhbZcid[i]Zh^\c^[^XVciZhi^bViZhVcY _jY\ZbZcihbVYZWni]ZY^gZXidgh^ci]ZegZeVgVi^dcd[i]Z HZaZXiZYHjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dc#LZeaVccZYVcYeZg[dgbZY djgldg`hdVhiddWiV^cVaai]Z^c[dgbVi^dcVcYZmeaVcVi^dch i]VilZXdch^YZgZYcZXZhhVgn^cdgYZgidegdk^YZjhl^i] hj[[^X^ZciZk^YZcXZdcl]^X]idWVhZdjgXdcXajh^dc^cgZheZXid[ i]ZHZaZXiZYHjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dc# .( 8dbW^cZYVhhjgVcXZXdci^cjZY Djga^b^iZYVhhjgVcXZegdXZYjgZheg^bVg^an Xdbeg^hZY/ g Zk^Zl^c\egdXZhhZhi]Vi<gdje;^kZ]VkZ^ceaVXZ[dg YZiZgb^c^c\i]ZHZaZXiZYHjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dc^cXajYZY ^ci]Z^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi0 d WiV^c^c\VcjcYZghiVcY^c\d[i]ZhnhiZbhjhZYid\ZcZgViZ! V\\gZ\ViZVcYgZedgii]ZHZaZXiZYHjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dc ^ci]Z^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi0 XdcYjXi^c\^ciZgk^Zlhl^i]bVcV\ZbZciVi<gdje;^kZ0 Z kVajVi^c\i]ZYViV\ZcZgVi^dcVcYgZedgi^c\egdXZhhZh V\V^chii]ZgZedgi^c\Xg^iZg^V0 e Zg[dgb^c\iZhi^c\i]ZVXXjgVXnd[YViVgZedgiZYdcV hVbeaZWVh^h0VcY 8dcXajh^dc 7VhZYdci]ZgZhjaihd[djga^b^iZYVhhjgVcXZegdXZYjgZh cdi]^c\]VhXdbZiddjgViiZci^dci]ViXVjhZhjhidWZa^ZkZ i]Vii]ZHZaZXiZYHjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dc[dgi]ZnZVgZcYZY (%?jcZ'%&)!]VhcdiWZZcegZeVgZY!^cVaabViZg^VagZheZXih! ^cVXXdgYVcXZl^i]i]ZGZedgi^c\8g^iZg^V# Di]ZgBViiZgh I]ZbV^ciZcVcXZVcY^ciZ\g^ind[<gdje;^kZÉhlZWh^iZ^hi]Z gZhedch^W^a^ind[<gdje;^kZÉhY^gZXidgh#DjgegdXZYjgZhY^Ycdi ^ckdakZXdch^YZgVi^dcd[i]ZhZbViiZghVcY!VXXdgY^c\anlZ VXXZeicdgZhedch^W^a^in[dgVcnX]Vc\ZhidZ^i]Zgi]Z^c[dgbVi^dc ^ci]ZGZedgidgdjg^cYZeZcYZciVhhjgVcXZgZedgii]VibVn ]VkZdXXjggZYh^cXZi]Z^c^i^VaYViZd[egZhZciVi^dcdc <gdje;^kZÉhlZWh^iZ# g Zk^Zl^c\i]ZXdch^hiZcXnWZilZZci]ZHZaZXiZY HjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dcVcYgZaViZYhiViZbZcih^c <gdje;^kZÉh^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi# 6a^b^iZYVhhjgVcXZZc\V\ZbZci^hhjWhiVci^VaanaZhh^chXdeZ i]VcVgZVhdcVWaZVhhjgVcXZZc\V\ZbZcijcYZg>H6:(%%%# 8dchZfjZcian!i]ZcVijgZ!i^b^c\VcYZmiZcid[egdXZYjgZh[dg \Vi]Zg^c\hj[[^X^ZciVeegdeg^ViZZk^YZcXZVgZYZa^WZgViZana^b^iZY gZaVi^kZidVgZVhdcVWaZVhhjgVcXZZc\V\ZbZci!VcYi]ZgZ[dgZ aZhhVhhjgVcXZ^hdWiV^cZYl^i]Va^b^iZYVhhjgVcXZZc\V\ZbZci i]Vc[dgVgZVhdcVWaZVhhjgVcXZZc\V\ZbZci# I]ZegdXZYjgZhhZaZXiZYYZeZcYdcdjg_jY\ZbZci!^cXajY^c\i]Z VhhZhhbZcid[i]Zg^h`d[bViZg^Vab^hhiViZbZcid[i]ZHZaZXiZY HjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dc!l]Zi]ZgYjZid[gVjYdgZggdg#>c bV`^c\i]dhZg^h`VhhZhhbZcih0lZXdch^YZg^ciZgcVaXdcigda gZaZkVciidi]Z8dbeVcnÉhegZeVgVi^dcd[i]ZHZaZXiZY HjhiV^cVW^a^in>c[dgbVi^dc^cdgYZgidYZh^\cegdXZYjgZhi]ViVgZ Veegdeg^ViZ^ci]ZX^gXjbhiVcXZh# LZWZa^ZkZi]Vii]ZZk^YZcXZlZ]VkZdWiV^cZY^hhj[[^X^ZciVcY Veegdeg^ViZidegdk^YZVWVh^h[dgdjgXdcXajh^dc# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) >c]ZgZcia^b^iVi^dch .) Cdc"[^cVcX^VaeZg[dgbVcXZ^c[dgbVi^dc^hhjW_ZXiidbdgZ ^c]ZgZcia^b^iVi^dchi]Vc[^cVcX^Va^c[dgbVi^dc!\^kZci]Z X]VgVXiZg^hi^Xhd[i]ZhjW_ZXibViiZgVcYi]ZbZi]dYhjhZY[dg YZiZgb^c^c\!XVaXjaVi^c\!hVbea^c\VcYZhi^bVi^c\hjX] ^c[dgbVi^dc#I]ZVWhZcXZd[Vh^\c^[^XVciWdYnd[ZhiVWa^h]ZY egVXi^XZdcl]^X]idYgVlVaadlh[dgi]ZhZaZXi^dcd[Y^[[ZgZciWji VXXZeiVWaZbZVhjgZbZciiZX]c^fjZhl]^X]XVcgZhjai^c bViZg^VaanY^[[ZgZcibZVhjgZbZcihVcYXVc^beVXiXdbeVgVW^a^in# FjVa^iVi^kZ^ciZgegZiVi^dchd[gZaZkVcXZ!bViZg^Va^inVcYi]Z VXXjgVXnd[YViVVgZhjW_ZXiid^cY^k^YjVaVhhjbei^dchVcY _jY\ZbZcih#I]ZegZX^h^dcd[Y^[[ZgZcibZVhjgZbZciiZX]c^fjZh bVnVahdkVgn#;jgi]ZgbdgZ!i]ZcVijgZVcYbZi]dYhjhZYid YZiZgb^cZhjX]^c[dgbVi^dc!VhlZaaVhi]ZbZVhjgZbZci Xg^iZg^VVcYi]ZegZX^h^dci]ZgZd[!bVnX]Vc\ZdkZgi^bZ# Eg^XZlViZg]djhZ8ddeZgh>cX# :_h[Yjeh0@Wod[CWccWjj GZ\^hiZgZY6jY^idg ?d]VccZhWjg\ &&6j\jhi'%&) I]ZkVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZcilVhVhhjgZY[dgi]Zi]^gYnZVg^cVgdl# LZ]VkZVjY^iZYi]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^XkVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZcid[ <gdje;^kZA^b^iZY[dgi]ZnZVgZcYZY(%?jcZ'%&)hZidjidc eV\Z.,#I]^hgZedgih]djaYWZgZVY^cXdc_jcXi^dcl^i]i]Z VjY^iZYXdchda^YViZY[^cVcX^VahiViZbZcih^ci]ZhjeeaZbZciVgn hZXi^dcd[i]Z^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgiVilll#\gdje[^kZ#Xd#oV# 9^gZXidghÉgZhedch^W^a^in[dgi]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^X kVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZci I]ZXdbeVcnÉhY^gZXidghVgZgZhedch^WaZ[dgi]ZegZeVgVi^dcVcY egZhZciVi^dcd[i]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^XkVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZci^c iZgbhd[i]ZWVh^hd[egZeVgVi^dcidi]ZhiViZbZci![dg YZiZgb^c^c\i]Vii]ZWVh^hd[egZeVgVi^dc^hVXXZeiVWaZ^ci]Z X^gXjbhiVcXZhVcY[dghjX]^ciZgcVaXdcigdaVhi]ZY^gZXidgh YZiZgb^cZ^hcZXZhhVgnidZcVWaZi]ZegZeVgVi^dcd[i]Z\gdje ZXdcdb^XkVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZcii]Vi^h[gZZ[gdbbViZg^Va b^hhiViZbZcih!l]Zi]ZgYjZid[gVjYdgZggdg# 6jY^idgÉhgZhedch^W^a^in DjggZhedch^W^a^in^hidZmegZhhVcde^c^dcdci]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^X kVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZci#LZXdcYjXiZYdjgVjY^i^cVXXdgYVcXZ l^i]>ciZgcVi^dcVaHiVcYVgYhdc6jY^i^c\#I]dhZhiVcYVgYh gZfj^gZi]VilZXdbeanl^i]Zi]^XVagZfj^gZbZcihVcYeaVcVcY eZg[dgbi]ZVjY^iiddWiV^cgZVhdcVWaZVhhjgVcXZl]Zi]Zgi]Z \gdjeZXdcdb^XkVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZci^h[gZZ[gdbbViZg^Va b^hhiViZbZci# 6cVjY^i^ckdakZheZg[dgb^c\egdXZYjgZhiddWiV^cVjY^iZk^YZcXZ VWdjii]ZVbdjcihVcYY^hXadhjgZh^ci]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^X kVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZci#I]ZegdXZYjgZhhZaZXiZYYZeZcYdci]Z VjY^idgÉh_jY\ZbZci!^cXajY^c\i]ZVhhZhhbZcid[i]Zg^h`hd[ bViZg^Vab^hhiViZbZcid[i]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^XkVajZ"VYYZY hiViZbZci!l]Zi]ZgYjZid[gVjYdgZggdg#>cbV`^c\i]dhZg^h` VhhZhhbZcih!i]ZVjY^idgXdch^YZgh^ciZgcVaXdcigdagZaZkVciid i]ZZci^inÉhegZeVgVi^dcVcYegZhZciVi^dcd[i]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^X kVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZci^cdgYZgidYZh^\cVjY^iegdXZYjgZhi]Vi VgZVeegdeg^ViZ^ci]ZX^gXjbhiVcXZh!Wjicdi[dgi]ZejgedhZd[ ZmegZhh^c\Vcde^c^dcdci]ZZ[[ZXi^kZcZhhd[i]ZZci^inÉh^ciZgcVa Xdcigda#6cVjY^iVahd^cXajYZhZkVajVi^c\i]ZVeegdeg^ViZcZhhd[ i]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^XkVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZcieg^cX^eaZhjhZYVcY i]ZgZVhdcVWaZcZhhd[kVajVi^dcZhi^bViZhbVYZWni]Z bVcV\ZbZci!VhlZaaVhZkVajVi^c\i]ZdkZgVaaegZhZciVi^dcd[ i]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^XkVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZci# De^c^dc >cdjgde^c^dc!i]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^XkVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZci]Vh WZZcegZeVgZY!^cVaabViZg^VagZheZXih!^cVXXdgYVcXZl^i]i]Z WVh^hd[egZeVgVi^dcidi]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^XkVajZ"VYYZY hiViZbZci# 7Vh^hd[6XXdjci^c\VcYGZhig^Xi^dcdcJhZ L^i]djibdY^[n^c\djgde^c^dc!lZYgVlViiZci^dcidi]Z eVgV\gVe]dceV\Z.,d[i]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^XkVajZ"VYYZY hiViZbZci!l]^X]YZhXg^WZhi]ZWVh^hd[egZeVgVi^dcd[i]Z ZXdcdb^XkVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZci#I]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^XkVajZ" VYYZYhiViZbZci^hegZeVgZYidhjeedgii]Z\gdjeÉhY^hXadhjgZd[ ^ihkVajZ"VYYZY[dghjhiV^cVW^a^ingZedgi^c\ejgedhZh#6hVgZhjai! i]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^XkVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZcibVncdiWZhj^iVWaZ [dgVcdi]ZgejgedhZ#DjggZedgi^h^ciZcYZYhdaZan[dgi]Z Y^gZXidghd[<gdje;^kZA^b^iZYVcYh]djaYcdiWZjhZYWnVcn di]ZgeVgi^Zh#LZV\gZZidi]ZejWa^XVi^dcd[djggZedgi^ci]Z >ciZ\gViZYGZedgid[<gdje;^kZA^b^iZY[dgi]ZnZVgZcYZY (%?jcZ'%&)^cl]^X]i]Z\gdjeZXdcdb^XkVajZ"VYYZY hiViZbZci^h^cXajYZYegdk^YZY^i^hXaZVganjcYZghiddYWni]Z gZX^e^Zcihd[i]Z>ciZ\gViZY6ccjVaGZedgii]Vii]ZnZc_dnhjX] gZXZ^ei[dg^c[dgbVi^dcdcanVcYi]VilZVXXZeicdYjind[XVgZid i]Zb^cgZheZXid[djggZedgi# Eg^XZlViZg]djhZ8ddeZgh>cX# :_h[Yjeh07@Heiiekm GZ\^hiZgZYVjY^idg =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY >C9:E:C9:CI6J9>IDGÉHG:EDGIIDI=: 9>G:8IDGHD;<GDJE;>K:A>B>I:9 Hjcc^c\]^aa &&6j\jhi'%&) LZWZa^ZkZi]Vii]ZVjY^iZk^YZcXZlZ]VkZdWiV^cZY^hhj[[^X^Zci VcYVeegdeg^ViZidegdk^YZVWVh^h[dgdjgVjY^ide^c^dc# .* .+ <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) Ekh]hekf c[Wikh[i B:6HJG>C<DJG9:A>K:GN LZbdc^idgi]ZYZa^kZgnd[djghigViZ\nV\V^chihig^XibZVhjgZhgZaVi^c\id[^cVcX^VaVcYcdc"[^cVcX^VabZVhjgZh#6cjbWZgd[i]ZhZ bZVhjgZhVgZa^c`ZYidbVcV\ZbZciÉh`ZneZg[dgbVcXZ^cY^XVidgh#GZ[ZgideV\Zh&%,id&%.VcY&&)id&&*# :8DCDB>8K6AJ:699:9 7Vh^hd[egZeVgVi^dc I]ZkVajZ"VYYZYhiViZbZci^hYZg^kZY[gdbi]Z\gdjeÉhVccjVa[^cVcX^VahiViZbZcih6;H[dgi]ZnZVgZcYZY(%?jcZ'%&)#I]Z[^cVcX^Vah lZgZegZeVgZY^ciZgbhd[>ciZgcVi^dcVa;^cVcX^VaGZedgi^c\HiVcYVgYhVcYi]ZVXXdjci^c\eda^X^Zh!VhY^hXadhZY^ci]Z6;HVcYVh YZhXg^WZYWZadl/ <(&'* HÊ&&& GZkZcjZ' AZhh/ejgX]VhZYXdhid[\ddYhVcYhZgk^XZh' '-(,(*'& '(-.(-(( ;'%&(& GÉ%%% &')-,',' .%.%.*- KVajZVYYZY Di]Zg^cXdbZ( /-$, ($* **-/,.. '''/)* .,#& '#. ((.+(&) &%%-%- LZVai]XgZViZY '&&$& *+/',(( &%%#% ().,&'' +.$- ($+ &$& &$' )'$- &$& -$& (,/'*.- '',,(- (')* ,&/. '*+)/-& '+/. )((/&* *.#% &#. %#% %#' (&#- %#- +#( '%+)&(+ +,)+- &)-* **'* &&&%+). ',,&( ''%&)+ '&&$& *+/',(( &%%#% ().,&'' ) :beadnZZh Egdk^YZghd[Zfj^in* Egdk^YZghd[[jcY^c\+ HdX^VaZXdcdb^XYZkZadebZci, <dkZgcbZci;jcY^c\d[Y^hXdci^cjZYdeZgVi^dch. <ZcZgViZY[gdbgZiV^cZY[jcYh LZVai]Y^hig^Wji^dc CjbWZgd[ZbeadnZZh&% '*)&. &()-. LZVai]XgZViZYeZgZbeadnZZG )(&/') '*.'*, LZ^\]iZYVkZgV\ZcjbWZgd[h]VgZh '&&&+) .,,,* *, (+ LZVai]XgZViZYeZgh]VgZG & ' ( ) * + , - . &% =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY HjhiV^cVW^a^in^cY^XVidg GZhiViZY[dgi]Z[^ghi"i^bZVYdei^dcd[>;GH&&!6XXdjci^c\[dg?d^ci6ggVc\ZbZcihVcY>6H&.GZk^hZY!:beadnZZ7ZcZ[^ih# GZkZcjZVcYejgX]VhZYXdhihd[\ddYhVcYhZgk^XZhVgZhiViZY!^cXajY^c\kVajZ"VYYZYiVmVi^dcK6I# Di]Zg^cXdbZXdch^hihd[h]VgZd[^cXdbZ[gdbZfj^inVXXdjciZY^ckZhibZcih!^cXajY^c\_d^cikZcijgZhVcY[V^gkVajZVY_jhibZcihdc^ckZhibZcih^cXdcXZhh^dch# 9^hig^Wji^dchidZbeadnZZhZmXajYZZbeadnZZiVmZhYZYjXiZY[gdbi]Z^ghVaVg^ZhVcYeV^Yidi]ZgZheZXi^kZgZkZcjZVji]dg^i^Zhdci]Z^gWZ]Va[# 9^hig^Wji^dchidegdk^YZghd[Zfj^inXdch^hid[Y^k^YZcYhYZXaVgZYVcYeV^YYjg^c\i]ZnZVgVcYi]Zcdc"Xdcigdaa^c\^ciZgZhi[dgi]ZnZVg# 9^hig^Wji^dchidegdk^YZghd[[jcY^c\Xdch^hid[cZi^ciZgZhiZmeZchZ^cXjggZYYjg^c\i]ZnZVg# HdX^VaZXdcdb^XYZkZadebZciXdch^hihd[^ckZhibZci^cZYjXVi^dc!VhlZaaVhdi]ZghdX^Va^c^i^Vi^kZh# <dkZgcbZci^cXajYZh^cXdbZiVmVi^dc!YZ[ZggZYiVmVi^dc!ZbeadnZZiVmZhVcYcZikVajZ"VYYZYiVmVi^dcK6I# ;jcY^c\d[Y^hXdci^cjZYdeZgVi^dchXdch^hihd[i]ZXVh][adl^beVXid[Y^hXdci^cjZYdeZgVi^dch# :beadnZZh^cXajYZeZgbVcZciVcYiZbedgVgnZbeadnZZhl]dVgZeV^YhVaVg^ZhVcYlV\Zh#CjbWZgd[ZbeadnZZh!^cXajY^c\_d^ciVggVc\ZbZcihZfj^inVXXdjciZY ^h&))-*'%&(/&(+*.# z Employees z Providers of equity z Providers of funding z Social economic development z Government z Funding of discontinued operations z Generated from retained funds 58.7% 2.5% 0.0% 0.1% 31.7% 0.0% 7.0% z Employees z Providers of equity z Providers of funding z Social economic development z Government z Funding of discontinued operations z Generated from retained funds 59.0% 1.9% 0.0% 0.2% 31.8% 0.8% 6.3% ., Djg\gdjebZVhjgZhXdci^cjZY ;>C6C8>6A I]Z\gdje^heaZVhZYidWZVWaZidgZedgi_cfhel[ZigVY^c\gZhjaih!l^i]XVh]\ZcZgViZY[gdbdeZgVi^dchd[ G(-)b^aa^dc^ci]ZnZVgVcYVgZijgcdcZfj^in[gdbXdci^cj^c\deZgVi^dchd[&,# BZY^jbiZgb iVg\Zi <(&'* WYjkWb <(&'* jWh][j GZkZcjZeZgZbeadnZZÄGÉ%%% >cXgZVhZ '&-( ?dYh[Wi[ CZiegd[^i$adhh[dgi]ZnZVgeZg ZbeadnZZÄGÉ%%% >cXgZVhZ (. ;'%&( iVg\Zi ;'%&' 6XijVa -&. >cXgZVhZ -)( ?dYh[Wi[ &. >cXgZVhZ ', )% (* *& (' )% '+ HZXjgZYdgYZgWdd`8dcigVXi^c\ WjY\ZihZXjgZY^cdgYZgWdd`Vi hiVgid[[^cVcX^VanZVgÄ ,%d[WjY\Zi -' -&e\XkZ][j -- ,%d[WjY\Zi -) GZijgcdch]VgZ]daYZghÉZfj^inÄ Xdci^cj^c\deZgVi^dchÄ &*Ä'% '- '+Å(& &+ &*Ä'% &% ;jaanY^ajiZY]ZVYa^cZZVgc^c\h eZgh]VgZÄ\gdli] \gdli] *( ]hemj^ &)) GZijgc id\gdli] +( >(( *) >)) ), >(( *. <((d[Zfj^in Å <))e\[gk_jo Ä <((d[Zfj^in Ä 8Vh]\ZcZgViZY[gdbdeZgVi^dchÄ Gb^aa^dc XVh] \ZcZgVi^kZ ).* YWi^ ][d[hWj_l[ .*' XVh] \ZcZgVi^kZ *,. IdiVadeZgVi^c\bVg\^cÄ *bZY^jb iZgb *$( +c[Z_kc j[hc )#- *bZY^jb iZgb (#- <Zd\gVe]^XY^kZgh^[^XVi^dc gZkZcjZ[gdbdkZg"WdgYZgdeZgVi^dch Ä EgdYjXiY^kZgh^[^XVi^dcÄ idiVadeZgVi^c\egd[^i[gdb cdc"8dcigVXi^c\Wjh^cZhhZhÄ CZi\ZVg^c\Ä ;'%&( VXijVa <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) KVajZh]VkZWZZcgZhiViZY[dg[^ghi"i^bZVYdei^dcd[>;GH&&!?d^ci6ggVc\ZbZcihVcY>6H&.GZk^hZY!:beadnZZ7ZcZ[^ih# .- E:DEA: Djg[dXjhdcigV^c^c\VcYYZkZadebZciYjg^c\i]ZnZVg^hgZ[aZXiZY^ci]Z^cXgZVhZ^cZbeadnZZhigV^cZY^ci]Z \gdjeid)/"l^i]VkZgV\ZheZcYd[H')'*eZgZbeadnZZ# BZY^jbiZgb iVg\Zi <(&'* WYjkWb <(&'* jWh][j :beadnZZijgcdkZgeZgbVcZci ZbeadnZZhÄ <* ) <+ :beadnZZhVi^h[VXi^dcgVi^c\Ä >,% ,. >-& +, >,% +, d[ZbeadnZZhigV^cZY eZgVccjbÄ (* )/ )+ (% *% )* 6kZgV\ZigV^c^c\heZcY eZgZbeadnZZ G&(%% H')'* H')&& G&&%% G'+%% G')(* >-% ./ >.& .% >-% -. ;'%&( VXijVa (S ;'%&' 6XijVa &% ,S Adhi"i^bZ^c_jgn[gZfjZcXngViZ % &$() & %#'& % %#'% Adhi"i^bZ^c_jgn[gZfjZcXngViZ % &$'- & %#', % %#'& &%% '&& '&& &%% &%% &%% D=H6H&-%%&/'%%,XZgi^[^XVi^dc VXgdhh\gdjeÄ =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY 8dchigjXi^dc8]VgiZg777:: hXdgZÄ ;'%&( VXijVa S I]ZhZcjbWZghgZaViZidkdajciVgniZgb^cVi^dchdcanVcYYdcdi^cXajYZ^ckdajciVgnaVWdjgijgcdkZgVhVgZhjaid[gZigZcX]bZcihVcYcdc"gZcZlVad[XdcigVXih# <gdje;^kZeZgbVcZciZbeadnZZh^cHdji]6[g^XVVcYi]ZgZhid[6[g^XV# < gdje;^kZeZgbVcZciZbeadnZZh^cHdji]6[g^XVVcYi]ZgZhid[6[g^XVVcYhjW"XdcigVXidghXdbW^cZY# :miZgcVaanVhhjgZY#GZ[ZgideV\Z.(# :CK>GDCB:CI I]ZgZlVhVc_dYh[Wi[_dekhYWhXed\eejfh_djje'($*jedd[i9E([YjZidi]ZcVijgZd[djgXdcigVXih jcYZgiV`Zc^ci]ZnZVg!VhlZaaVhVc^begdkZbZci^ci]ZfjVa^ind[gZedgi^c\# BZY^jbiZgb iVg\Zi <(&'* WYjkWb <(&'* jWh][j ;'%&( VXijVa ;'%&( iVg\Zi ;'%&' 6XijVa :aZXig^X^injhV\ZeZgZbeadnZZ Ä& +$/CM^* Å' +#&'BL]( Ä& &(#+*BL]' 8VgWdc[ddieg^cieZgZbeadnZZ Ä& '($*jedd[i 9&([* Å' &&idccZh 8%'Z( Ä& '(idccZh 8%'Z' :ck^gdcbZciVa^cX^YZcih Ä Å Å Ä Ä Ä &%% '&& '&& &%% &%% &%% >HD&)%%&/'%%)XZgi^[^XVi^dcVXgdhh \gdjeÄ & L]^ahii]Z\gdjeÉh\dVa^hidXdci^cjdjhangZYjXZZb^hh^dc^ciZch^in!i]ZXVeijg^c\VcYgZedgi^c\d[i]ZXVgWdc[ddieg^cihi^aacZZYhidgZVX][jgi]ZgbVijg^inWZ[dgZ [dgbVagZYjXi^dciVg\ZihXVcWZhZi# >c[dgbVi^dc[dgi]ZnZVgZcYZY(%?jcZ'%&&eVgid[i]Z'%&'8VgWdc9^hXadhjgZEgd_ZXigZedgihjWb^iiZYdc(&BVn'%&'# >c[dgbVi^dc[dgi]ZnZVgZcYZY(%?jcZ'%&'eVgid[i]Z'%&(8VgWdc9^hXadhjgZEgd_ZXigZedgihjWb^iiZYdc(&BVn'%&(# >c[dgbVi^dc[dgi]ZnZVgZcYZY(%?jcZ'%&(eVgid[i]Z'%&)8VgWdc9^hXadhjgZEgd_ZXigZedgihjWb^iiZYdc(&BVn'%&)# ÄBL]ÄbZ\VlVii]djgh# ' ( ) .. 97I;IJK:O I]Z\gdjeÉhigVchedgiXdcXZhh^dchWjh^cZhh>ciZgidaa eaVnhVe^kdiVagdaZ^cYZa^kZg^c\dci]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\n d[\V^c^c\VcZVgan^ckdakZbZci^c^c[gVhigjXijgZegd_ZXih VcYd[\ZcZgVi^c\Vccj^in^cXdbZWnegdk^Y^c\hiZVYn VcYegZY^XiVWaZgZijgchi]gdj\]adc\iZgbhZXjgZY Wj^aY!dlc!deZgViZVcYigVch[Zg7DDIXdcXZhh^dchVcY deZgVi^dchVcYbV^ciZcVcXZXdcigVXih# 6XXZhh^c\XdcXZhh^dchegd_ZXihegdk^YZhVcjbWZgd[ hdjgXZhd[gZijgch#I]Z[^ghi^hYZkZadebZci[ZZhZVgcZY dchjXXZhh[ja[^cVcX^VaXadhjgZd[Vc^c[gVhigjXijgZ egd_ZXi!i]ZhZXdcY^hi]ZgZeZVigZkZcjZVcY^ih gZhjaiVciegd[^iVW^a^in\ZcZgViZYWnbVcV\^c\i]Z deZgVi^dchVcYbV^ciZcVcXZd[igVchedgi^c[gVhigjXijgZ VcYi]Zi]^gY^hi]Zhjeeand[iZX]cdad\nVcYZfj^ebZci gZfj^gZYdchjX]XdcigVXih#I]Z[djgi]gZijgc^hVX]^ZkZY i]gdj\]egd_ZXiZfj^in^ckZhibZcigZijgch[daadl^c\i]Z \gdjeÉhY^gZXiZfj^in^ckZhibZci^cXdcXZhh^dch#I]Z Zfj^ingZijgchVgZgZ[aZXiZYVh[V^gkVajZVY_jhibZcihid i]Zdg^\^cVaXdhid[^ckZhibZcijci^aY^hedhVaYViZl]Zc i]ZnVgZXdckZgiZY^cidXVh]egdXZZYh#I]Za^[Zd[i]ZhZ egd_ZXih^hine^XVaan'%nZVghdgbdgZ# I]Z\gdjeVXfj^gZYVhiV`Z^ci]Z ^ciZgcVi^dcVaXdcXZhh^dchXdbeVcn >ciZgidaa^c&..-# 6cVYY^i^dcVaWZcZ[^iidi]Zl^YZg\gdje^hYZg^kZYl]Zc ^ihZXjgZhi]ZXdchigjXi^dcldg`VhhdX^ViZYl^i]!VcY^c VYY^i^dcid!i]ZigVchedgiXdcXZhh^dchgZijgch# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) I]ZgZkZcjZVcYegd[^iVW^a^inegdk^YZYWni]ZhZegd_ZXih egdk^YZhdbZWj[[Zgidi]ZXnXa^XVacVijgZd[i]Z XdchigjXi^dchZXidg# &%% I]ZhZ\bZciÉhbVg\^ciVg\Zid[WZilZZc&*VcY'% ]VhWZZcXdch^hiZcianbZi#I]^hd[[hZihadlZgbVg\^ch [gdbi]Z8dchigjXi^dcXajhiZgVcY^begdkZhi]Z\gdjeÉh WaZcYZYdkZgVaabVg\^c# >ciZgidaaVahdVYYhWdi]\Zd\gVe]^XVcYWgVcY Y^kZgh^[^XVi^dcVcYZcVWaZhh^\c^[^XVcieVgicZg^c\ hdaji^dchl^i]\adWVaXdchigjXi^dc[^gbh!l]^X]egdk^YZ VXXZhhidXdaaVWdgVi^dcVcYhigViZ\^XgZaVi^dch]^eh# >ci]ZXjggZcinZVg!i]Z>ckZhibZcihVcY8dcXZhh^dch XajhiZg\ZcZgViZY(%#&d[i]Z\gdjeÉhXdgZdeZgVi^c\ egd[^i#>i^hZmeZXiZYidigVYZG-(+b^aa^dc^cDeZgVi^dch VcYBV^ciZcVcXZgZkZcjZ^c;'%&*# =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY 7YY[ii_d]j^[_d\hWijhkYjkh[lWbk[Y^W_dÅ _dl[ij_d]_d YedY[ii_edifhe`[Yji WdZj^[_hh[bWj[Zef[hWj_ediWdZcW_dj[dWdY[ &%& Ekhj[WcÊic[Wikh[i 7D6G9D;9>G:8IDGH I]^hhZXi^dciV`Zhi]ZgZVYZgi]gdj\]i]ZkVajZdjgiZVbVYYhidi]Z\gdjeVcY]dli]Zn eZg[dgbZYV\V^chii]Z^g`ZneZg[dgbVcXZ^cY^XVidgh# ' EE]^a^h^lZBi]Zi]lV*% <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) BGB^`ZJeidc*. ) 8B8g^hi^cV;gZ^iVhIZ^mZ^gV)& 8=>:;:M:8JI>K:D;;>8:G 8=>:;;>C6C8>6AD;;>8:G 8]V^geZghdcd[bV^cWdVgYVcYcdb^cVi^dch Xdbb^iiZZ :mZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZbZbWZg!bZbWZg d[g^h`Xdbb^iiZZ!bZbWZgd[hdX^VaVcY Zi]^XhXdbb^iiZZ :mZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZbZbWZg!bZbWZgd[ hdX^VaVcYZi]^XhXdbb^iiZZ 76:Xdcdb^Xh!BH8^c:Xdcdb^Xh Jc^kZgh^ind[EVg^h!HdgWdccZ!B76J@ &%' ( 8=6>GE:GHDC E]^a^h^lZegdk^YZhhigViZ\^X^cejiidi]Z \gdjei]gdj\]]ZgY^kZghZ`cdlaZY\Zd[ WVc`^c\!XVe^iVabVg`ZihVcY^ciZgcVi^dcVa ^ckZhibZci^cHdji]6[g^XV#6hVh`^aaZY ZmZXji^kZ^cWdi]i]Zeg^kViZVcYejWa^X hZXidgh!h]Zegdk^YZh^ch^\]i^ciZgbhd[i]Z Hdji]6[g^XVcaVcYhXVeZ!l^i]VeVgi^XjaVg [dXjhdcZXdcdb^XgZfj^gZbZcihVcYi]Z higViZ\^XY^gZXi^dcd[eda^XnbV`Zgh#H]Z ]Vhhigdc\^ciZgcVi^dcVaWjh^cZhhVXjbZc! l]^X]]VhWZZckZgnkVajVWaZidi]Z\gdje ^cWdi]^ihHdji]6[g^XVcVcY6[g^XVcejWa^X hZXidgZc\V\ZbZcih# 7HX:aZXig^XVa:c\^cZZg^c\!Egd[Zhh^dcVa :c\^cZZgEg:c\!7jh^cZhhBVcV\ZbZci 9^eadbVCZlXVhiaZ!J@!;H6>:: 78db!78dbei=dch!86H6!6BE >chZVY;gVcXZ 8g^hi^cV]VhVYZZejcYZghiVcY^c\d[i]Z \gdjeÉhWjh^cZhhZhVcY^chi^ahVg^\dgdjh B^`ZVYYhh^\c^[^XVcikVajZidi]Z hnhiZbhVcYY^hX^ea^cZYVeegdVX]idi]Z YZkZadebZcid[i]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\n [^cVcX^VaVcYVYb^c^higVi^dc[jcXi^dcVXgdhh i]gdj\]]^hZmiZch^kZZmeZg^ZcXZ^c i]Z\gdje#I]^h]VhWZZcV`Zn[VXidg^c]Zg bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnZc\^cZZg^c\VcY igVX`gZXdgYd[hjXXZhh[jaanbVcV\^c\i]Z ^c[gVhigjXijgZXdcigVXih#=Z]VhV`ZZc \gdjeÉhXdbeaZmVcYYZbVcY^c\adXVaVcY jcYZghiVcY^c\d[i]ZbVXgdXdciZmi^c \adWVa[^cVcX^VaZck^gdcbZci#JcYZg]Zg l]^X]i]Z\gdjedeZgViZh!^ihhigViZ\n \j^YVcXZ!i]Z\gdjeÉh[^cVcX^Vaedh^i^dc]Vh VcYcZlWjh^cZhhdeedgijc^i^ZhVcY]dl WZZckZgngdWjhiVcY]Vh\V^cZYi]Z idYZa^kZgdci]Zb#B^`Z]VhVcZbedlZg^c\ Xdc[^YZcXZd[i]Z\gdjeÉhWjh^cZhheVgicZgh# bVcV\ZbZcihinaZ!l]^X]]VhegdYjXZY H]Z^hVahdVkVajVWaZbZbWZgd[i]Z Vc^cXajh^kZXjaijgZZc]VcXZYWni]Z \gdjeÉhhigViZ\^XYZkZadebZciiZVb# Y^kZgh^ind[^YZVh\ZcZgViZY[gdbl^i]^c 8g^hi^cV]VhaZYi]Z\gdjeÉhgZedgi^c\ i]Z\gdje#=ZZcXdjgV\Zhi]ZXdci^cjdjh higViZ\n#I]^h]VhWZZcgZXd\c^hZYi]gdj\] YZkZadebZcid[ZbeadnZZhVcY]Vh VcjbWZgd[VlVgYh[dggZedgi^c\VcY ZcigZcX]ZYVeZg[dgbVcXZ"VcY Y^hXadhjgZ!^cXajY^c\i]Z>ckZhibZci fjVa^in"dg^ZciViZYXjaijgZ# 6cVanhihHdX^Zin>6HVlVgYhZkZci^bZh! VhlZaaVhWZ^c\i]ZdkZgVaaHdji]6[g^XVc l^ccZg^c'%&%VcYWZ^c\i]ZdkZgVaa ^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgil^ccZgVii]Z *,i]>chi^ijiZd[8]VgiZgZYHZXgZiVg^Zh$ ?H:6ccjVaGZedgiVlVgYh^c'%&'# C??jhi^c8]^cnVciV*)OVbW^Vc + 9g?A?d]c?dW+. , LL^aaZbAdjl+% >C9:E:C9:CICDC":M:8JI>K: 9>G:8IDG >C9:E:C9:CICDC":M:8JI>K: 9>G:8IDG BZbWZgd[g^h`Xdbb^iiZZ!bZbWZgd[ gZbjcZgVi^dcXdbb^iiZZ 8]V^geZghdcd[gZbjcZgVi^dcXdbb^iiZZ! bZbWZgd[VjY^iXdbb^iiZZ!bZbWZgd[ g^h`Xdbb^iiZZ BZbWZgd[g^h`Xdbb^iiZZ!bZbWZgd[ hdX^VaVcYZi]^XhXdbb^iiZZ 7VX]Zadgd[AVl9Z\gZZOVbW^V!;Zaadl/ LZVi]Zg]ZVY8ZcigZ[dg>ciZgcVi^dcVa6[[V^gh =VgkVgY!BVhiZgd[AVlEg^kViZ>ciZgcVi^dcVa AVl!HeZX^Va^hVi^dc^c>ciZgcVi^dcVa7jh^cZhh IgVchVXi^dchVcY;^cVcX^VaAVl;aZiX]Zg HX]dda!Ij[ihJc^kZgh^in ?jhi^c^hi]Z[djcYZgVcYX]V^geZghdcd[ i]ZAd^iV<gdje!VeVc"6[g^XVc^ckZhibZci WVc`^c\[^gb#6aVlnZgWnegd[Zhh^dc! ?jhi^c^hVheZX^Va^hi^ci]Z[^cVcX^Va bVg`Zihd[hjW"HV]VgVc6[g^XV!l^i] ZmiZch^kZZmeZg^ZcXZ^ci]ZXdbbZgX^Va VcY^ckZhibZciWVc`^c\^cYjhig^Zh^c6[g^XV# ?jhi^cWg^c\hhigdc\XdbbZgX^VaVcY egd_ZXi[^cVcXZZmeZg^ZcXZidi]ZWdVgYVcY ZmiZch^kZeVc"6[g^XVcWjh^cZhhcZildg`h# 7HX=dch!E]9^cE]nh^XVa8]Zb^hign ?d]cWg^c\hh^\c^[^XVcideZgVi^dcVa! ZmZXji^kZVcYhigViZ\^XaZVYZgh]^e idi]Z\gdje#=ZVhh^hihi]Z\gdjeVcY bVcV\ZbZcil^i]ZkVajVi^c\cZl deedgijc^i^ZhVcY^hVWaZidfjZhi^dc YZX^h^dchdcVkZgnegVXi^XVaaZkZa# =Z]VhVeVgi^XjaVganhigdc\VW^a^inid ^YZci^[nediZci^VaegdWaZbVgZVhVcY egdk^YZVYk^XZdcgZhdaji^dch# =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY * >C9:E:C9:CICDC":M:8JI>K: 9>G:8IDG 7#:c\^cZZg^c\8^k^aVcYB#:c\^cZZg^c\ 8^k^a$8dchigjXi^dcBVcV\ZbZciJc^kZgh^in d[HiZaaZcWdhX]!<gVYjViZ9ZkZadebZci Egd\gVbbZEgd_ZXiBVcV\ZbZci Jc^kZgh^ind[Hdji]6[g^XV L^aaZb^hVX^k^aZc\^cZZgl^i]ZmiZch^kZ iZX]cdad\nVcYiZX]c^XVabVcV\ZbZci h`^aah!^cXajY^c\XVe^iVaegd_ZXih`^aahVcY cZlWjh^cZhhYZkZadebZciVcYVXfj^h^i^dc ^ciZ\gVi^dcbVcV\ZbZciZmeZg^ZcXZ^c i]ZZcZg\nVcYX]Zb^XVa^cYjhign!Wdi] ^cHdji]6[g^XVVcYdkZg"WdgYZg#L^aaZb Wg^c\hgZaZkVci^cYjhig^VaVcYZc\^cZZg^c\ VcYegd_ZXibVcV\ZbZciZmeZg^ZcXZid i]ZWdVgY# &%( DjgiZVbÉhbZVhjgZhXdci^cjZY - H<HijVgiBdgg^h+- <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) @@@VaVVBe^c\V*(8dc\daZhZ / 77VWValVC\dcnVbV(. A:69>C9:E:C9:CICDC":M:8JI>K: 9>G:8IDG >C9:E:C9:CICDC":M:8JI>K: 9>G:8IDG >C9:E:C9:CICDC":M:8JI>K: 9>G:8IDG 8]V^geZghdcd[VjY^iXdbb^iiZZ!bZbWZg d[cdb^cVi^dchXdbb^iiZZ!bZbWZgd[ g^h`Xdbb^iiZZ 8]V^geZghdcd[g^h`Xdbb^iiZZ! bZbWZgd[VjY^iXdbb^iiZZ!bZbWZgd[ cdb^cVi^dchXdbb^iiZZ 8]V^geZghdcd[hdX^VaVcYZi]^XhXdbb^iiZZ! bZbWZgd[VjY^iXdbb^iiZZ 78db!86H6 7HX6\g^XjaijgVa:Xdcdb^Xh!BHX >ciZgcVi^dcVa6\g^XjaijgVa9ZkZadebZci HijVgi^hVcZmeZg^ZcXZYZmZXji^kZ^c Hdji]6[g^XV!l^i]VcVW^a^inidXg^i^XVaan VhhZhhXdcigdahVcY[^cVcX^Vag^h`hVcYid VYk^hZdci]ZVYZfjVXnd[hnhiZbhVcY egdXZYjgZh#=Zegdk^YZhVhda^YhdjcY^c\ WdVgYidi]Z\gdjeÉh[^cVcX^VaiZVbVcY i]ZX]^Z[[^cVcX^Vad[[^XZg#HijVgi^hVahd i]ZWdVgYÉhaZVY^cYZeZcYZcicdc"ZmZXji^kZ Y^gZXidg#9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!]ZXdci^cjZY idegdk^YZhjWhiVci^VakVajZl^i]gZheZXi idbViZg^VabViiZghi]Z\gdje]VYid YZVal^i]# &%) . @VaVVWg^c\hh^\c^[^XVciZmeZg^ZcXZ^c b^c^c\!XdchigjXi^dc!deZgVi^dchVcY gZaVi^dch]^eh^c6[g^XV#=Z]VhVXaZVg jcYZghiVcY^c\d[i]ZdkZg"WdgYZgeda^i^XVa VcYdeZgVi^c\Zck^gdcbZci!l^i]`ZZc ^ch^\]i^cidZ[[ZXi^kZg^h`bVcV\ZbZci# =^hZmeZg^ZcXZVhVcZmZXji^kZVcY h]VgZ]daYZgd[]^hdlcWjh^cZhhZhVahd d[[ZghVXdchigjXi^kZeZgheZXi^kZidVhh^hi i]ZWdVgYVcYbVcV\ZbZciiZVb#=Z^hV higdc\hjeedgiZgd[i]Z\gdjeÉh6[g^XVc ZmeVch^dchigViZ\n# 78db!86H6 7VWValV^hVX]VgiZgZYVXXdjciVcil^i] ZmiZch^kZZmeZg^ZcXZ^ci]ZVjY^i^c\![^cVcXZ VcYb^c^c\^cYjhig^Zh#H]Z]VhhZkZgVa Wjh^cZhh^ciZgZhihVcYVXi^kZaneVgi^X^eViZh ^ccjbZgdjhcVi^dcVa[dgjbhdcZXdcdb^X \gdli]VcYYZkZadebZci#7VWValVWg^c\h VYY^i^dcVaVjY^i^c\VcY[^cVcX^VaZmeZg^ZcXZ idi]ZWdVgY# '' BGBVg`I]dbehdc+& >C9:E:C9:CICDC":M:8JI>K: 9>G:8IDG >C9:E:C9:CICDC":M:8JI>K: 9>G:8IDG BZbWZgd[VjY^iXdbb^iiZZ!bZbWZg d[g^h`Xdbb^iiZZ BZbWZgd[VjY^iXdbb^iiZZ!bZbWZgd[ gZbjcZgVi^dcXdbb^iiZZ 76=dch:Xdcdb^XhVcYHiVih!B76! :9E=VgkVgY 78db!76XX!AA7!86H6 K^cXZci^hi]ZXd"[djcYZgVcYX]V^geZghdc d[i]ZhjeZgk^hdgnWdVgYd[8ViVanhi Eg^cX^eVaEVgicZgh!Veg^kViZZfj^in\gdje WVhZY^cCV^gdW^!@ZcnV#=^hZmiZch^kZ ZmeZg^ZcXZ^cVYk^hdgnhZgk^XZh! ^ckZhibZcih!egd_ZXiVcYXdgedgViZ[^cVcXZ! VhlZaaVhWVc`^c\!heVchAVi^c6bZg^XV! :jgdeZ!6[g^XVVcY6h^V#K^cXZciWg^c\h ^ckZhibZci!egd_ZXiVcYXdgedgViZ[^cVcXZ ZmeZg^ZcXZidi]ZWdVgY# BVg`^hVfjVa^[^ZYaVlnZgVcYX]VgiZgZY VXXdjciVci!l^i]ZmiZch^kZ^ciZgcVi^dcVa [^cVcXZVcY\ZcZgVaWjh^cZhhZmeZg^ZcXZ VbVhhZYYjg^c\]^hiZcjgZVhX]^Z[[^cVcX^Va d[[^XZgl^i]HVee^A^b^iZYVcYeg^dgXVgZZg Veed^cibZcih#BVg`Wg^c\hVXXdjci^c\VcY XdgedgViZ[^cVcX^VabVcV\ZbZciZmeZg^ZcXZ idi]ZWdVgY# CCdcfVWV@ViVbo^)* 8DBE6CNH:8G:I6GN 76AVl!AA7!8>7B CdcfVWV]Vhhda^YZmeZg^ZcXZ^c i]ZXdbeVcnhZXgZiVg^Va[^ZaY!l^i] eVgi^XjaVg`cdlaZY\Zd[\dkZgcVcXZ ^hhjZhVcY?H:Xdbea^VcXZ#I]^hVaadlh ]ZgidZ[[ZXi^kZanVYk^hZi]ZWdVgYdcVaa aZ\^haVi^kZgZfj^gZbZcih# =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY '& KBK^cXZciGV\jZ+&@ZcnVc &%* DjgiZVbÉhbZVhjgZhXdci^cjZY E:G;DGB6C8:6<6>CHI@:NE:G;DGB6C8:>C9>86IDGH 8=6>GE:GHDC <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) :kVajViZYWn/>cYZeZcYZciZkVajVi^dcWn>chi^ijiZd[9^gZXidgh$h]VgZ]daYZghi]gdj\]VccjVa\ZcZgVabZZi^c\ &%+ A[of[h\ehcWdY[Wh[Wi >em_cfWYj_ic[Wikh[Z :[b_l[ho<(&'* <eYki[ZWdZkd_\_[ZXeWhZ ;dXjhZYVcYjc^[^ZYWdVgY# I]Z^cYZeZcYZciWdVgYeZg[dgbVcXZgZk^Zl^cY^XViZYi]Vi i]ZWdVgY^hegdk^Y^c\hdjcYXdgedgViZ\dkZgcVcXZVcY^h ldg`^c\lZaal^i]ZmZXji^kZbVcV\ZbZci#6hVgZhjaid[ i]Z^YZci^[^ZYcZZYidVj\bZcii]ZWdVgYh`^aah![^kZ VYY^i^dcVaWdVgYbZbWZghlZgZVeed^ciZY^cBVn'%&)# DeYed\b_Yjie\_dj[h[ij CdXdc[a^Xihd[^ciZgZhi# CdXdc[a^Xihd[^ciZgZhilZgZYZXaVgZYi]^hnZVg# 8h[WY^[ie\]el[hdWdY[% Yecfb_WdY[ 7gZVX]Zhd[\dkZgcVcXZ$ Xdbea^VcXZ# CdWgZVX]Zhd[\dkZgcVcXZdXXjggZY^ci]ZnZVg# 8dbea^VcXZXdci^cjZYidWZgZk^ZlZYWni]ZWdVgYdcV fjVgiZganWVh^h# 7ddkWbmehafbWdZ[b_l[ho WdZ_cfhel[ZXeWhZ Yecfb[c[dj 6ccjValdg`eaVcYZa^kZgn VcY^begdkZYWdVgY XdbeaZbZci# 7dVgYhX]ZYjaZVcYdW_ZXi^kZhlZgZbZi#I]ZWdVgY gZk^ZlegdXZhhlVhegZhZciZYidi]ZWdVgYedhinZVg"ZcY# ;dikh_d][\\[Yj_l[XeWhZ WdZ[nYe_dj[hWYj_edi 6Y]ZgZcXZid\gdjeeda^Xn [dg\gdjehigViZ\nhZii^c\! WjY\ZiVeegdkVaVcYgZ\jaVg Zc\V\ZbZci# I]ZWdVgYbZZih[dgbVaandcVfjVgiZganWVh^h!l^i] VYY^i^dcVahigViZ\nhZhh^dchZkZgnh^mbdci]h^ckdak^c\ ZmXd#I]ZZmXdbZbWZghVahdViiZcYWdVgYbZZi^c\h l]ZcgZfj^gZY#:mXdbZbWZghegZhZcibViZg^VaXdcigVXi g^h`gZk^Zlhidi]ZWdVgY^ca^cZl^i]i]Z\gdjeÉhegZ"hZi aZkZahd[Vji]dg^in# 8eWhZh[l_[m 7dVgYgZk^Zl# I]Z^cYZeZcYZciWdVgYeZg[dgbVcXZgZk^Zl^cY^XViZYi]Vi i]ZWdVgY^hegdk^Y^c\hdjcYXdgedgViZ\dkZgcVcXZVcY^h ldg`^c\lZaal^i]ZmZXji^kZbVcV\ZbZci#6hVgZhjaid[ i]Z^YZci^[^ZYcZZYidVj\bZcii]ZWdVgYh`^aah![^kZ VYY^i^dcVaWdVgYbZbWZghlZgZVeed^ciZY^cBVn'%&)# 9ecfb[j_ede\9;E WffhW_iWb 8dbeaZi^dcd[8:D VeegV^hVa# 8:DVeegV^hVaXdbeaZiZY# 8eWhZWjj[dZWdY[ 7dVgYViiZcYVcXZ# 7dVgYVcYhjW"Xdbb^iiZZViiZcYVcXZgZbV^cZY\ddY i]gdj\]djii]ZnZVg# I]^hnZVglZ^begdkZYdjgY^hXadhjgZWnVYY^c\i]Z8:DÉhVXijVaiVg\Zih!VhlZaaVh]dl]^h gZbjcZgVi^dc^ha^c`ZYidi]ZVX]^ZkZbZcihV\V^chii]ZhZiVg\Zih# 8:D :kVajViZYWn/8]V^geZghdcVcYaZVY^cYZeZcYZcicdc"ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidg >em_cfWYj_i c[Wikh[Z JWh][j C[Wikh[ Wj@kd[(&') :[b_l[ho<(&'* :beadnZZ hVi^h[VXi^dchjgkZn# ,% ++#+ I]ZZbeadnZZhjgkZnVcYZbeadnZZ Zc\V\ZbZcigViZh^begdkZYid+,#-!l]^X] gZegZhZcihi]Z]^\]ZhihXdgZh^cXZ^cXZei^dc d[i]ZhjgkZn^c'%&%#I]^hlVhVh^\c^[^XVci VX]^ZkZbZciYjg^c\VnZVgl]ZgZlZ gZadXViZYiddjgcZl<VjiZc\^ciZ\gViZY XZcigVad[[^XZVcYXdci^cjZYi]Zgdaadjid[ djgdi]ZgX]Vc\Z^c^i^Vi^kZh# AZkZa' AZkZa' LZgZiV^cZYdjgAZkZa'Xdcig^WjidghiVijh! l^i][jaabVg`hVlVgYZY^cegZ[ZgZci^Va egdXjgZbZci!ZciZgeg^hZYZkZadebZciVcY hdX^d"ZXdcdb^XYZkZadebZciZaZbZcih# I]Z\gdjeVahdXVbZc^ci]dkZgVaa^ci]Z BV^aVcY<jVgY^VcBdhi:bedlZgZY 8dbeVc^Zh^cBVn'%&)!l^i]i]Z]^\]Zhi dlcZgh]^eZaZbZcihXdgZd[VaaXdbeVc^Zh ^ci]ZIde'%# %#&, &[ViVa^in 6ai]dj\]i]ZdkZgVaaadhi"i^bZ^c_jgn [gZfjZcXngViZ^begdkZYhigdc\anid%#&,!i]Z \gdjehVYanhj[[ZgZYi]gZZ[ViVa^i^ZhYjg^c\ i]ZnZVg# &*% &*( 6ai]dj\]cd[dgbVaXa^ZcihjgkZnlVh XdcYjXiZYi]^hnZVg![ZZYWVX`gZXZ^kZY lVhbdhianedh^i^kZ^ciZgbhd[YZa^kZgn VcYZmeZg^ZcXZ^cYZVa^c\l^i]i]Z\gdje# I]ZidiVa8dcigVXi^c\dgYZgWdd`hiVcYhVi .*d[;'%&)8dcigVXi^c\gZkZcjZ# (% >(% IgV^c^c\^c^i^Vi^kZh^cXgZVhZY!l^i](.d[ ZbeadnZZhigV^cZY#I]Z\gdje^cXgZVhZY ^ihheZcY[gdbG(,!&b^aa^dcaVhinZVgid G)*!&b^aa^dci]^hnZVg#I]ZgZlZgZVahd dkZg&'%%igV^c^c\^ciZgkZci^dch^ci]Z gZhid[6[g^XV# 888;; 8dchigjXi^dc 8]VgiZghXdgZXVgY gVi^c\# =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY B[WZ[hi^_f IW\[jo <gdjeadhi"i^bZ ^c_jgn[gZfjZcXn gViZAI>;GVcY [ViVa^i^Zh# <%!* OZgd[ViVa^i^Zh 9b_[dj\eYki 8a^ZcihjgkZnVcY 8dcigVXi^c\dgYZg Wdd`Vhd[ XjggZcinZVg VccjVa8dcigVXi^c\ gZkZcjZ# 9WfWY_joXk_bZ_d] :beadnZZhigV^cZY VccjVaan# &%, DjgiZVbÉhbZVhjgZhXdci^cjZY 8:D:K6AJ6I>DCXdci^cjZY >em_cfWYj_i c[Wikh[Z JWh][j C[Wikh[ Wj@kd[(&') :[b_l[ho<(&'* Eh]Wd_iWj_edWbZ[l[befc[djWdZikYY[ii_ed HigjXijgVa VcYgZhdjgXZ Va^\cbZcil^i] higViZ\nVcY \dVah# IdVYYgZhhjcYjZ XdbeaZm^in!^begdkZ Z[[^X^ZcXn!XdhiVcY heZZYd[Yd^c\ Wjh^cZhh# :beadnbZci Zfj^in# >ciZgcVa[^icZhh egd\gVbbZlVh aVjcX]ZYidVYYgZhh higjXijgZ!deZgVi^c\ Z[[^X^ZcX^Zh!g^h` b^i^\Vi^dc!Xdhi VcYXd"adXVi^dc# Egd\gVbbZhjXXZhh[jaan^beaZbZciZY!l^i] ^begdkZYZ[[^X^ZcX^Zh#I]Z\gdje^hcdl adXViZY^cVc^ciZ\gViZYXZcigVad[[^XZ ^c<VjiZc\#I]ZZbeadnZZhjgkZnXdc[^gbh djghjXXZhh[jabdkZiddcZd[[^XZ#Djg ZbeadnbZciZfj^inhXdgZh]VkZ^begdkZYVi hZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci!b^YYaZbVcV\ZbZci VcY_jc^dgbVcV\ZbZci# CdbV_dg[^cY^c\h# Adhh"bV`ZggVi^d Vi&(i]ZadlZhi h^cXZbZVhjgZ ^cigdYjXZY# JcfjVa^[^ZYVjY^iVX]^ZkZY!l^i]cd bV_dg[^cY^c\h#Adhh"$egd[^i"bV`ZggVi^d ldghZcZYid'(#I]^h^hcdlgZXdkZg^c\ d[[^ciZgkZci^dchbVYZ^ci]ZV[[ZXiZY hZ\bZci#:mXajY^c\Vadhh"bV`^c\XdcigVXi ^c8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\!i]Z\gdjeÉhadhh"$egd[^i" bV`ZggVi^dldjaY]VkZWZZc&-# Egd\gZhh^dc VX]^ZkZY^cVaa [djgVheZXih d[i]ZhigViZ\n# ;jgi]Zgegd\gZhh^dcVX]^ZkZY^cVaaVheZXih d[higViZ\n#GZ[ZgideV\Z&&# ;jaanY^ajiZY=:EH [gdbXdci^cj^c\ deZgVi^dchje--! Wjid[[VadlZgWVhZ XgZViZYWni]Z ^beV^gbZci^ci]Z eg^dgnZVgd[ 8dchigjXi^dc BViZg^VahVcY gZYjXZYegd[^i gZXd\c^i^dc^ci]Z B^YYaZ:Vhi# =:EHnZVg"dc"nZVg\gdli]d[)(#-# LdcWZhi^ciZ\gViZY VccjVagZedgi[dg '%&'# LZldci]Z>ckZhibZci6cVanhihHdX^ZinÉh hZXidgVlVgY[dgi]ZhZkZci]i^bZi]^h nZVg#DkZgVaahiV`Z]daYZgZc\V\ZbZcilVh \ZcZgVaanedh^i^kZ#GZ[ZgideV\Z&-# 9ecfb_WdY[%h_iacWdW][c[dj :miZgcVaVjY^i gZedgi# Cd bV_dg [^cY^c\h# =hekfijhWj[]_YZ[l[befc[dj 9ZkZadeVcY ZmZXjiZ\gdje higViZ\n# 8jggZcian Xdbeg^hZh[djg VheZXih!ZVX] bZVhjgVWaZVcY gZedgiZY# H]dlegd\gZhh^dc idlVgYh/ &# HZXidgeZcZigVi^dc '# <Zd\gVe]^X ZmeVch^dc (# :E8VcYbjai^" Y^hX^ea^cVgn XVeVW^a^in )# <gdli]dc Vccj^in"ineZ Wjh^cZhh =hekf\_dWdY_Wbf[h\ehcWdY[ <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) =:EH$:EH \gdli]# &%- 7jY\ZihhZiVccjVaan VcYVeegdkZYWni]Z WdVgY!l]^X]ldjaY Xdch^YZgbVg`Zi XdcY^i^dch! bVcV\ZbZciVcY h]VgZ]daYZg ZmeZXiVi^dch# IjWa[^ebZ[hYecckd_YWj_edWdZ_dj[hWYj_ed 8a^Zci!^ckZhidg VcYWdVgY Xdbbjc^XVi^dch [ZZYWVX`# 6lVgYh!ejWa^X egd[^aZVcYWdVgY gVi^c\# I=:<GDJEG:EDGI:9HDA>9:6GC>C<H!<DD986H=DC=6C96C96C>BEGDK:B:CI>CG:IJGCH6C9HIG6I:<N EGD<G:HH>DC#I=:8:DÉHE:G;DGB6C8::M8::9:9I6G<:IH>C.%D;I=:B:6HJG:H6C9I=:<GDJE>H>C6 HIGDC<EDH>I>DCID;JGI=:GEGD<G:HHI=:GDAADJID;>IHHIG6I:<N#;D8JH6G:6HL>AA8DCI>CJ:ID7: I=:G:8DK:GND;B6G<>CH6C9I=:DG9:G7DD@>C8>K>A:C<>C::G>C<!6C9ID;JGI=:G9G>K::BEADNB:CI :FJ>INI6G<:IH#G:;:GIDE6<:&();DGI=:8:DÉHG:BJC:G6I>DC# 8;D :kVajViZYWn/8:DVcYX]V^gd[VjY^iXdbb^iiZZ A[of[h\ehcWdY[Wh[Wi >em_cfWYj_ic[Wikh[Z :[b_l[ho<(&'* B[WZ[hi^_f :beadnZZhVi^h[VXi^dchjgkZn# I]ZZbeadnZZhjgkZnVcYZbeadnZZZc\V\ZbZcigViZh ^begdkZYid+,#-!l]^X]gZegZhZcihi]Z]^\]ZhihXdgZ h^cXZ^cXZei^dcd[i]ZhjgkZn^c'%&%#I]^hlVhVh^\c^[^XVci VX]^ZkZbZciYjg^c\VnZVgl]ZgZlZgZadXViZYiddjgcZl <VjiZc\^ciZ\gViZYXZcigVad[[^XZVcYXdci^cjZYi]Zgdaa djid[djgdi]ZgX]Vc\Z^c^i^Vi^kZh# =hekf\_dWdY_Wb f[h\ehcWdY[WdZfei_j_ed 6XijVakZghjhiVg\Zihid \gdjedkZg"VgX]^c\[^cVcX^Va \dVah# =:EHnZVg"dc"nZVg\gdli]d[)(#-# 8Vh]dc]VcYlVhG'!.W^aa^dc!aVg\ZanjcX]Vc\ZY [gdbaVhinZVg# GZijgcdcZfj^in[gdbXdci^cj^c\deZgVi^dchlVh&, V\V^chiViVg\ZihZid[&*Ä'%# GZhiViZY[dgi]Z[^ghi"i^bZVYdei^dcd[>;GH&&VcY>6H&.# <_dWdY_Wbh_iacWdW][c[dj <adWVaXgZY^igVi^c\<8G# I]Z<8GgVi^c\lVhjcX]Vc\ZYViadc\iZgbCVi^dcVa6" VcYh]dgiiZgbCVi^dcVa6&# 888;; 8dchigjXi^dc8]VgiZg hXdgZXVgYgVi^c\# LZgZiV^cZYdjgAZkZa'Xdcig^WjidghiVijh!l^i][jaa ed^cihVlVgYZY[dgegZ[ZgZci^VaegdXjgZbZci!ZciZgeg^hZ YZkZadebZciVcYhdX^d"ZXdcdb^XYZkZadebZci#I]Z \gdjeVahdXVbZc^ci]dkZgVaa^ci]ZBV^aVcY<jVgY^Vc Bdhi:bedlZgZY8dbeVc^Zh^cBVn'%&)!l^i]i]Z ]^\]ZhidlcZgh]^eZaZbZcihXdgZd[VaaXdbeVc^Zh^c i]ZIde'%# Eh]Wd_iWj_edWb Z[l[befc[djWdZ ikYY[ii_ed HigjXijgVaVcYgZhdjgXZ Va^\cbZcil^i]higViZ\nVcY \dVah# I]Z\gdjeaVjcX]ZYVc^ciZgcVa[^icZhhegd\gVbbZ^c ;'%&'!bjX]d[l]^X]gZaViZYidZ[[^X^ZcX^Zh!h^bea^X^in! heZZYVcYg^h`b^i^\Vi^dcd[hjeedgi[jcXi^dch!l^i] [^cVcXZVcYVYb^c^higVi^dcegd\gVbbZhi]Zbdhi h^\c^[^XVciXdcig^Wjidgh# =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY :EHnZVg"dc"nZVg\gdli]!l^i]G)!%&eZgh]VgZVX]^ZkZY V\V^chiG'!+)eZgh]VgZVX]^ZkZY^ci]Zeg^dgnZVg# 9jg^c\;'%&)!i]ZhZegd\gVbbZhlZgZhjXXZhh[jaan ^beaZbZciZYVcY]VkZVagZVYngZhjaiZY^ch^\c^[^XVci ^begdkZbZcih^ci]Z\gdjeÉhdeZgVi^c\Z[[^X^ZcX^Zh# ;nj[hdWbWdZ_dj[hdWb Yecfb_WdY[cWdW][c[dj :miZgcVaVcY^ciZgcVaVjY^i# J[Y^debe]o[d^WdY[c[dj WdZZ[l[befc[dj :miZcid[XdccZXi^k^in! ^ciZ\gVi^dc!gZaZkVciVcY gZa^VWaZbVcV\ZbZci ^c[dgbVi^dc# &%%h^iZXdccZXi^k^in!Y^hVhiZggZXdkZgneaVc^ceaVXZ! iZhiZYVcYZmiZgcVaankZg^[^ZYVhZ[[ZXi^kZ# >ckZhidgVcY[^cVcX^Va ^chi^iji^dc[ZZYWVX`# LZldci]Z>ckZhibZci6cVanhihHdX^ZinÉhhZXidgVlVgY [dgi]ZhZkZci]i^bZi]^hnZVg#DkZgVaahiV`Z]daYZg Zc\V\ZbZcilVh\ZcZgVaanedh^i^kZ#GZ[ZgideV\Z&-# IjWa[^ebZ[h Yecckd_YWj_edWdZ _dj[hWYj_ed CdbViZg^VaVYkZghZ^ciZgcVadgZmiZgcVaVjY^i[^cY^c\h# JcfjVa^[^ZYVjY^ide^c^dcVX]^ZkZY# BVcV\ZbZci^c[dgbVi^dcVY_jhiZYidhjeedgii]ZcZl deZgVi^c\higjXijgZl]^X]Xdbeg^hZh[djgWjh^cZhhXajhiZgh# I=:<GDJEG:EDGI:9>BEGDK:9IG69>C<G:HJAIH!L>I=86H=<:C:G6I:9;GDBDE:G6I>DCHD; G(-)B>AA>DC>CI=:N:6G!L>I=86H=A6G<:ANJC8=6C<:9N:6G"DC"N:6G6C96G:IJGCDC:FJ>IN ;GDB8DCI>CJ>C<DE:G6I>DCHD;&,#I=:<GDJEÉH;>C6C8>6AG:EDGI>C<6C9;>C6C8>6A8DCIGDAH G:B6>CH:8IDG"A:69>C<!L>I=I=:8;DÉHE:G;DGB6C8:6<6>CHII6G<:IH:M8::9>C<:ME:8I6I>DCH ;DGBDHIB:6HJG:H#G:;:GIDE6<:&(*;DGI=:8;DÉHG:BJC:G6I>DC# &%. DjgiZVbÉhbZVhjgZhXdci^cjZY CDC":M:8JI>K:9>G:8IDGH <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) :kVajViZYWn/>cYZeZcYZciZkVajVi^dcWn>chi^ijiZd[9^gZXidgh$^cYZeZcYZciWdVgYZkVajVi^dc$ h]VgZ]daYZghi]gdj\]VccjVa\ZcZgVabZZi^c\ &&% A[of[h\ehcWdY[Wh[Wi >em_cfWYj_ic[Wikh[Z :[b_l[ho<(&'* Ia_bbi"[nf[h_[dY[WdZ j[Y^d_YWbademb[Z][ edijhWj[]o"f[h\ehcWdY[" h[iekhY[i"jhWdi\ehcWj_ed" ijWdZWhZie\YedZkYjWdZ [lWbkWj_ede\f[h\ehcWdY[ :kVajVi^dcd[WdVgYh`^aah V\V^chiWjh^cZhh gZfj^gZbZcih# I]Z^cYZeZcYZciWdVgYeZg[dgbVcXZgZk^Zl^cY^XViZY i]Vii]ZWdVgY^hegdk^Y^c\hdjcYXdgedgViZ\dkZgcVcXZ VcY^hldg`^c\lZaal^i]ZVX]di]Zg#>ca^\]id[i]Z hjXXZhh^dceaVcc^c\ZmZgX^hZXdbeaZiZY!i]ZWdVgYh`^aah lZgZVj\bZciZYl^i]i]ZVeed^cibZcid[[^kZVYY^i^dcVa cdc"ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidgh# B[l[be\Yedjh_Xkj_edWiW XeWhZc[cX[h 6iiZcYVcXZVigZfj^gZY bZZi^c\hVcYXdcig^Wji^dc idbZZi^c\h# 6aaWdVgYbZZi^c\hVcYhjW"Xdbb^iiZZhbZii]Z gZfj^gZYfjdgjbidWZXdchi^ijiZY!l]^X]VaadlZY [dgi]ZVeegdeg^ViZaZkZad[Zc\V\ZbZciVcYh`^aah idWZegZhZci# E\\[h_d]ik\\_Y_[djj_c[je =hekf<_l[ CjbWZgd[di]Zg Xdbb^ibZcihVcYgZhjaihd[ VccjVaWdVgYZkVajVi^dc# 6aaWdVgYbZZi^c\hVcYhjW"Xdbb^iiZZhbZii]Z gZfj^gZYfjdgjbidWZXdchi^ijiZY#7dVgYbZbWZgh lZgZgZVY^anVkV^aVWaZidVhh^hii]ZZmZXji^kZiZVb# 8DBE6CNH:8G:I6GN A[of[h\ehcWdY[Wh[Wi >em_cfWYj_ic[Wikh[Z :[b_l[ho<(&'* ;j^_YiWdZ]el[hdWdY[ 8dYZd[Zi]^XhbV^ciZcVcXZ VcYXdbbjc^XVi^dc!Z[[ZXi^kZ bVcV\ZbZcid[i^e"d[[h Vcdcnbdjha^cZ# I]ZhdX^VaVcYZi]^XhXdbb^iiZZ[jcXi^dchZ[[ZXi^kZan# 9ecfb_WdY[m_j^bWmiWdZ h[]kbWj_edi 8dbea^VcXZZmXZei^dch! hiVijidgnVcYXdgedgViZ hiVijh# I]Z\gdjeÉhXdci^cjZYdeZgVi^dchbZiVaabViZg^Va hiVijiZhVcYXdbea^VcXZgZfj^gZbZcih# :_h[YjehiÊZkj_[iWdZ _dZkYj_ed d[Y^gZXidghigV^cZY$ ^cYjXiZYVcYVY]ZgZcXZid aVlhVcYgZfj^gZbZcih# L^i]i]ZVeed^cibZcid[i]ZcZlY^gZXidgh!V XdbegZ]Zch^kZ^cYjXi^dcegd\gVbbZlVhXVgg^ZYdji^c BVn'%&)#I]ZXjggZciY^gZXidghlZgZ[jgi]ZgYZkZadeZY i]gdj\]h^iZk^h^ihVcYbVcV\ZbZciegZhZciVi^dchid i]ZWdVgY# 7Z^[h[dY[jej^[ 9ecfWd_[i7YjWdZ@I; B_ij_d]iH[gk_h[c[dji HiVijhd[VY]ZgZcXZVcY Y^hXgZi^dcVgngVi^c\Wn bVcV\Zg# I]ZgZlZgZcdVYkZghZ[^cY^c\h[gdbi]Z\gdjeÉhhedchdg! i]Z?H:A^b^iZYdgHZXjg^i^ZhGZ\jaVi^dcEVcZaHGE# 888;;iY^[c[ WZc_d_ijhWj_edWdZi^Wh[ Wffh[Y_Wj_edh_]^j WZc_d_ijhWj_ed :[[ZXi^kZVYb^c^higVi^dcd[ WaVX`bVcV\ZbZcihX]ZbZ 7BHVcYh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dc g^\]ihhX]ZbZ# :c]VcXZbZcid[i]Z\gdjeÉhbVcV\ZbZcihnhiZbh^c iZgbhd[i]ZZbeadnZZhX]ZbZVYb^c^higVi^dcegdXZhh gZhjaiZY^cZ[[ZXi^kZYZa^kZgnd[h]VgZhVcYhZgk^XZhid eVgi^X^eVcih# 9jg^c\i]ZnZVgjcYZggZk^Zl!VeZgbVcZciXdbea^VcXZ d[[^XZglVhVeed^ciZY#I]^hgZhjaiZY^cZkZcbdgZ[dXjh WZ^c\eaVXZYdcdjgZi]^XhYg^kZ#;dgbVaZi]^XhVcY \dkZgcVcXZigV^c^c\Xdci^cjZYVcYi]Z\gdjeÉhi^e"d[[h a^cZXdci^cjZhidWZXdbbjc^XViZY!l^i]^begdkZY aZkZahd[jhV\Z# =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY :kVajViZYWn/8]^Z[[^cVcX^Vad[[^XZg &&& DjgiZVbÉhbZVhjgZhXdci^cjZY <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) :M:8JI>K:8DBB>II:: &&' & ' ( ) * + , - . ( BGB^`ZJeidc*. 8B8g^hi^cV;gZ^iVhIZ^mZ^gV)& I]Z8:DVcY8;DVgZbV^cWdVgY bZbWZgh#I]Z^g8KhVgZXdciV^cZY dceV\Z&%'# ) ??ZhhZ9ddgVhVbn)( :M:8JI>K:Ä=JB6CG:HDJG8:H BZbWZgd[hdX^VaVcYZi]^XhXdbb^iiZZ 7#HdX!HX!78db=dch!E<9>E>G ?ZhhZ]VhZ^\]inZVghd[^c"YZei] ZmeZg^ZcXZ^ci]Z\gdje[gdbWdi]Vc deZgVi^dcVaVcYhigViZ\^XeZgheZXi^kZ# =Z]ZaYi]ZgdaZd[=jbVcGZhdjgXZh 9^gZXidg/8dchigjXi^dcWZ[dgZ]^h Veed^cibZciVh=GZmZXji^kZVheVgid[ i]ZZmZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZ#Eg^dgidi]Vi! ?ZhhZlVhi]Z=GY^gZXidg[dgi]Z Egd_ZXihhZ\bZcil^i]^c8dchigjXi^dc# ?ZhhZÉhZmeZg^ZcXZ^ci]Z\gdjeVaadlh ]^bidWg^c\higdc\deZgVi^dcVa `cdlaZY\Zidi]Z\gdjeaZkZa#6h]Z ldg`ZY^ci]Z\gdjeÉhbdhi ^ciZgcVi^dcVaan"[dXjhZYY^k^h^dc!]Z]VhV eVgi^XjaVgVW^a^inidbVcV\Z]jbVc XVe^iVa^hhjZh^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV! hdbZi]^c\i]Vi^hXgjX^Va^ci]Z\gdjeÉh Xdci^cjZYZmeVch^dchigViZ\n# * EEVjaaZHjZjg*, :M:8JI>K:ÄHIG6I:<>8EGD?:8I 9:K:ADEB:CI 7HXFH!B6FH!GFH!G>8H!BHX7j^aY^c\ BVcV\ZbZci EVja]VhVlZVai]d[XdchigjXi^dc!egd_ZXi bVcV\ZbZciVcYXdbbZgX^Va `cdlaZY\Z#DkZgi]ZnZVgh!]Z]VhWj^ai higViZ\^XgZaVi^dch]^ehl^i]Wdi]ejWa^X VcYeg^kViZXa^Zcih#=^hZmeZg^ZcXZ! gZaVi^dch]^eWj^aY^c\VcYdeZgVi^dcVa bVcV\ZbZcih`^aah^hd[h^\c^[^XVci VYkVciV\Z^c]^hgdaZd[Yg^k^c\i]Z \gdjeÉhhZXidgVcY6[g^XVc\gdli] higViZ\^ZhVcYZmZgX^h^c\VcdkZgh^\]i gdaZdcaVg\ZXdcigVXi^beaZbZciVi^dc# + 6?6cYgZlBX?VccZi*& . ?6?d]cLVaaVXZ*+ :M:8JI>K:Ä8DCHIGJ8I>DC :M:8JI>K:ÄB6CJ;68IJG>C< BZbWZgd[g^h`Xdbb^iiZZ 78db!=dchEgd\gVbbZ^c6YkVcXZY BVg`Zi^c\VcY:mZXji^kZBVcV\ZbZci Egd\gVbbZ 7HX:c\8^k^a!76EE:!B6Dmdc! Eg:c\!BH6>8: 6cYgZl]VhWZZcl^i]i]Z\gdje[dg_jhi dkZg'+nZVghVcYWg^c\hVlZVai]d[ deZgVi^dcVaVcYbVcV\ZbZciZmeZg^ZcXZ id]^hgdaZVhi]ZZmZXji^kZd[ 8dchigjXi^dc#=Z]VhiZX]c^XVa! deZgVi^dcVaVcYXdbbZgX^VaZmeZgi^hZ^c ]ZVknXdchigjXi^dc!l^i]Vc^c\gV^cZY VW^a^inidYZa^kZg]^\]anheZX^Va^hZYVcY XdbeaZmXdcigVXih#=Z]VhV`ZZc jcYZghiVcY^c\d[^ciZ\gVi^c\Wjh^cZhhZh! l]^X]]Z]VhhjXXZhh[jaanYdcZ^ci]Z VbVa\VbVi^dcd[i]Z\gdjeÉh]ZVknX^k^ah! gdVYhVcYZVgi]ldg`hVcYdkZg"WdgYZg 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\deZgVi^dch#I]^hh`^aa ]VhWZZc^ckVajVWaZ^c]^hgdaZd[Va^\c^c\ Vaai]Z\gdjeÉh8dchigjXi^dcWjh^cZhhZh# , <9<jnBdiigVb)- ?d]c]VhVcZmigZbZanhigdc\higViZ\^X VW^a^in!l]^X]]VhWZZc^ckVajVWaZidi]Z \gdje#=Z^hVWaZid^YZci^[ndeedgijc^i^Zh ^cbVg`ZihVcYZhiVWa^h]Wjh^cZhhZh l]^X]XVcXVe^iVa^hZdci]ZhZ deedgijc^i^ZhVcYZc]VcXZkVajZ[dgi]Z \gdje#=Z]VhVeVgi^XjaVgVW^a^inidZ[[ZXi X]Vc\ZVcYgZeV^gegdWaZbZci^i^Zh#?d]c ]VhVeea^ZYi]^hZmeZgi^hZ^ci]Z]dc^c\d[ i]ZBVcj[VXijg^c\Wjh^cZhhedgi[da^dVcY ^caZVY^c\i]ZY^hedhVad[i]Z Y^hXdci^cjZY8dchigjXi^dcBViZg^Vah Wjh^cZhh#?d]c^hVcVXi^kZbZbWZgd[ i]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\^XYZkZadebZciiZVb# / L>L^aa^ZOZZa^Z*' :M:8JI>K:Ä:C<>C::G>C< 8DCHIGJ8I>DC: 8 :M:8JI>K:ÄG>H@ BZbWZgd[g^h`Xdbb^iiZZ BZbWZgd[g^h`Xdbb^iiZZ!bZbWZgd[ hdX^VaVcYZi]^XhXdbb^iiZZ =^\]ZgCVi^dcVa9^eadbV:aZXig^XVa :c\^cZZg^c\!EgIZX]:c\!BH6>:: 78db!AA7 L^aa^ZWg^c\hnZVghd[ZmeZg^ZcXZ^c bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgnZc\^cZZg^c\VcY ^c[gVhigjXijgZXdcigVXih!l^i]VgdWjhi bVg`Zi^c\VcYWjh^cZhhYZkZadebZci VW^a^in#=Z]VhVcZhiVWa^h]ZYigVX` gZXdgY^ci]ZedlZgVcYZcZg\nhZXidgh VcY]VhhjXXZhh[jaanaZYi]ZiZVbi]Vi YZkZadeZYi]Z\gdjeÉhZc\^cZZg!egdXjgZ VcYXdchigjXi:E8XVeVW^a^ini]gdj\] l]^X]cjbZgdjhedlZgeaVciXdcigVXih^c Hdji]6[g^XVVcYi]ZgZhid[6[g^XV]VkZ WZZcYZa^kZgZY#L^aa^Z]VhVahdWZZc ^chigjbZciVa^cYZkZade^c\i]Z\gdjeÉh iZX]c^XVaVW^a^i^Zh^cd^aVcY\VhVcY^c i]ZgZcZlVWaZZcZg\nbVg`Zi# <jn]Vhhda^YZmeZg^ZcXZd[XdbbZgX^Va bViiZgh#I]^h!id\Zi]Zgl^i]]^h[dgbVa aZ\VaigV^c^c\!ZchjgZhi]Videedgijc^i^Zh VcYg^h`hVgZVeegdVX]ZYl^i]V Wjh^cZhhhZchZ!l]^aZWZ^c\gddiZY^c VcjcYZghiVcY^c\d[aZ\VagZfj^gZbZcih# 6hVbZbWZgd[i]Z:c\^cZZg^c\VcY 8dchigjXi^dcG^h`>chi^ijiZ!]Z^hVWaZ idXdch^YZgaZVY^c\\adWVaigZcYh[dg Veea^XVi^dc^ci]Z\gdje# - :8?:g^XKZbZg). :M:8JI>K:Ä>CK:HIB:CIH6C9 8DC8:HH>DCH =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY ' 7HX:c\8^k^a=dch!B76 :g^X]VhkZgnhigdc\h`^aah^c[^cVcX^Va Zc\^cZZg^c\VcYhigjXijg^c\!VhlZaaVh XdgedgViZ[^cVcXZ#=^hXdbW^cVi^dcd[ hda^YdeZgVi^dcVaVcY[^cVcX^VaZmeZg^ZcXZ Wg^c\hVjc^fjZkVajZd[[Zg^c\idi]Z \gdje#I]^h^heVgi^XjaVgangZaZkVci^c]^h Wjh^cZhhVgZVd[>ckZhibZcihVcY 8dcXZhh^dch!l]^X]Vaadlhi]Z\gdjeid VX]^ZkZVhigViZ\nd[YZkZade^c\XdcigVXih i]ViXdbW^cZXdchigjXi^dcVXi^k^i^Zhl^i] adc\iZgbVccj^in^cXdbZdcdeZgVi^c\ XdcigVXihVcYgZijgchl]ZgZZfj^in^h ^ckZhiZY#:g^X^hVkVajZYbZbWZgd[i]Z \gdjeÉhhigViZ\^XYZkZadebZciiZVb# &&( DjgiZVbÉhbZVhjgZXdci^cjZY E:G;DGB6C8:6<6>CHI@:NE:G;DGB6C8:>C9>86IDGH :M:8JI>K:8DBB>II:::M8D :kVajViZYWn/8:D A[of[h\ehcWdY[Wh[Wi >em_cfWYj_ic[Wikh[Z :[b_l[ho<(&'* B[WZ[hi^_f :beadnZZhVi^h[VXi^dchjgkZn# I]Z\gdjeÉhZbeadnZZZc\V\ZbZcihjgkZnlVhi]Z ]^\]ZhiZkZgVi+,#-!l^i]i]ZbVcV\ZbZcihinaZ ZaZbZciWZ^c\VgZXdgY+.# 888;; 6X]^ZkZbZcihd[ igVch[dgbVi^dciVg\ZihVcY 8dchigjXi^dc8]VgiZg hXdgZXVgYgVi^c\# LZgZiV^cZYdjgAZkZa'Xdcig^WjidghiVijh!l^i][jaa ed^cihVlVgYZY^cegZ[ZgZci^VaegdXjgZbZci!ZciZgeg^hZ YZkZadebZciVcYhdX^d"ZXdcdb^XYZkZadebZciZaZbZcih# I]Z\gdjeVahdXVbZc^ci]dkZgVaa^ci]ZBV^aVcY <jVgY^VcBdhi:bedlZgZY8dbeVc^Zh^cBVn'%&)!l^i] i]Z]^\]ZhidlcZgh]^eZaZbZcihXdgZd[VaaXdbeVc^Zh^c i]ZIde'%# :[b_l[hojej^[]hekf 6X]^ZkZbZciV\V^chi`Zn [dXjhVgZVh# I]Z^beaZbZciVi^dcd[higViZ\^X^c^i^Vi^kZhegd\gZhhZY lZaa^ciZgbhd[hZXidgh!\Zd\gVe]nVcYbjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgn VcYVccj^ingZkZcjZhigZVbh#:mXdYZa^kZgZYlZaaV\V^chi i]ZeaVccZYegd[^i!XVh]VcYgZijgcdcZfj^in!YZhe^iZ ldghZi]VcZmeZXiZYbVg`ZiXdcY^i^dch# Eh]Wd_iWj_edWb Z[l[befc[djWdZ ikYY[ii_ed :[[ZXi^kZcZhhd[hjXXZhh^dc VcYYZkZadebZcieaVch# 6aaXajhiZghYZa^kZgZYeZg[dgbVcXZ^begdkZbZcihV\V^chi \gdjehigViZ\n#>cVYY^i^dc!i]Zegd\gZhhbVYZdci]Z XgZVi^dcd[i]ZHigViZ\^XEgd_ZXi9ZkZadebZcihhigjXijgZ l^aaVhh^hi\gZVian^c[jgi]ZgYg^k^c\i]Z\gdli]higViZ\n# I]ZbdkZidV<VjiZc\^ciZ\gViZYXZcigVad[[^XZl^aaVahd Vaadl[jgi]Zgdei^b^hVi^dcVXgdhhVaaWjh^cZhhZh# J[Y^debe]o%ia_bbi WYgk_i_j_edWdZ Z[l[befc[dj 6Ydei^dcd[cZliZX]cdad\^Zh# <gdli]^ciZX]c^XVaXVeVW^a^i^ZhXdci^cjZYidWZV`Zn \gdli]Yg^kZg[dgi]Z\gdje^ci]ZnZVg# : 8YZa^kZgZY[djg:E8gZcZlVWaZZcZg\nedlZg XdcigVXihVcYWj^aiXVeVX^in^ci]Zd^aVcY\VhhZXidg# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) >ckZhibZcihVcY8dcXZhh^dchldcVcZl8IGDB deZgVi^dchVcYbV^ciZcVcXZXdcigVXijh^c\VcZl ^c"]djhZidaa^c\hnhiZb# &&) :kZg^iZ^beaZbZciZYV]^\]anhjXXZhh[jaXVe^iVa ZmeZcY^ijgZegd\gVbbZjh^c\^ciZgcVaYZh^\cVcY Wj^aYXVeVW^a^i^Zh# I]Z\gdjeÉhcZl^ciZ\gViZYXZcigVad[[^XZ^c<VjiZc\^h dcZd[dcanV[Zl*"HiVg\gZZcWj^aY^c\h^ci]ZXdjcign VcY^cXajYZhbVcn^ccdkVi^kZiZX]cdad\^Zhi]VigZYjXZh ^iha^[ZXnXaZXdhih# IW\[jo <gdjeVcYXajhiZgAI>;GVcY [ViVa^i^Zh# 6ai]dj\]i]ZdkZgVaaadhi"i^bZ^c_jgn[gZfjZcXngViZ ^begdkZY!i]Z\gdjehVYanhj[[ZgZYi]gZZ[ViVa^i^ZhYjg^c\ i]ZnZVg# >em_cfWYj_ic[Wikh[Z :[b_l[ho<(&'* 9ecfb_WdY[WdZgkWb_jo 6jY^igZedgih# :miZgcVa!^ciZgcVaVcY>HDVjY^ihXaZVg# =hekfijhWj[]_Y Z[l[befc[dj_dWh[We\ h[ifedi_X_b_jo 9^hXgZi^dcVgngVi^c\Wn bVcV\Zg# I]ZZmZXji^kZh^beaZbZciZYWdi]i]Z^ciZgcVa[^icZhh egd\gVbbZhVcYi]ZcZlhigViZ\^X^c^i^Vi^kZhYZkZadeZY ^ci]Zeg^dgnZVg# I]ZbZVhjgZhd[i]^heZg[dgbVcXZVgZVVgZXdkZgZY^c i]Z\gdjeÉh;'%&)gZhjaihVcYbdkZbZci^cgZkZcjZ! dgYZgWdd`VcYi]ZiVg\Zideedgijc^ine^eZa^cZVcVanh^h d[djg`ZnhZXidgh!\Zd\gVe]^ZhVcYineZd[XdcigVXih# J[Wcmeha 9^hXgZi^dcVgngVi^c\Wn bVcV\Zg# I]ZZmZXji^kZiZVbÉhXdci^cjZYVa^\cbZcigZhjaiZY^c h^\c^[^XVci\V^ch^cZmZXji^c\djghigViZ\n#6kZgnedh^i^kZ ^beVXi]VhVagZVYngZhjaiZY[gdbi]Z\gdjeÉhbdkZidVc ^ciZ\gViZYXZcigVad[[^XZ^c<VjiZc\# IjWa[^ebZ[hh[bWj_edi BVg`ZihjgkZn# LZldci]Z>ckZhibZci6cVanhihHdX^ZinÉhhZXidgVlVgY [dgi]ZhZkZci]i^bZi]^hnZVg#DkZgVaahiV`Z]daYZg Zc\V\ZbZcilVh\ZcZgVaanedh^i^kZ#GZ[ZgideV\Z&-# =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY A[of[h\ehcWdY[Wh[Wi :M8D9:A>K:G:9L:AA6<6>CHIEA6CC:9EGD;>I!86H=6C9G:IJGCDC:FJ>IN#I=:8AJHI:GH9:A>K:G:9 A6G<:ANID:ME:8I6I>DCH!9:HE>I:I=:B6G<>C8DBEG:HH>DC>CHDB:H:<B:CIH#8DAA67DG6I>DC 68GDHH8AJHI:GH6C9H:<B:CIH8DCI>CJ:HID>BEGDK:6C9HIG6I:<>8>BEA:B:CI6I>DC>H EGD<G:HH>C<#I=:8DGEDG6I:HJEEDGI;JC8I>DCHHJ88:HH;JAAN>BEA:B:CI:9I=:EA6CC:9 >CI:GC6A;>IC:HHEGD<G6BB:H#G:;:GIDE6<:H&(+ID&)'6C9&))ID&)-;DG:M8DÉHG:BJC:G6I>DC# &&* DjgiZVbÉhbZVhjgZhXdci^cjZY <GDJEHIGJ8IJG:6C9I:6B ' ( C_a[Kfjed:mZXji^kZY^gZXidgVcY8:D 9h_ij_dW<h[_jWiJ[_n[_hW:mZXji^kZY^gZXidg VcY8;D 8AJHI:G & ' >ckZhibZcihVcY8dcXZhh^dch ;h_YL[c[h:mZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZbZbWZg I:6B @ed>_bbWho BVcV\^c\Y^gZXidg >ciZgidaa<gdje H:<B:CIH J^[cXWCeiW_ BVcV\^c\Y^gZXidg >ciZgidaa6[g^XV PebjWdFWf BVcV\^c\Y^gZXidg >ciZgidaa:jgdeZ 9eddeh:Wmied 9^gZXidg/=ZVYd[>c[gVhigjXijgZ 9ZkZadebZcih ?d\hWijhkYjkh[9edY[ii_edi 8DBE:I:C8>:H >ckZhibZci^cVcY^beaZbZciVi^dcd[XdcXZhh^dch VcYEEEh!^cXajY^c\deZgVi^dchVcYbV^ciZcVcXZ H:8IDGH IgVchedgi!edlZgVcYgZVaZhiViZ^cejWa^XVcY eg^kViZhZXidgh ?d\hWijhkYjkh[:[l[befc[dji Aki^_bCW^WhW` BVcV\^c\Y^gZXidg EgdeZgin9ZkZadebZcih Fhef[hjo:[l[befc[dji >YZci^[^XVi^dcVcYYZkZadebZci 9ZkZadebZci!dlcZgh]^eVcY d[^c[gVhigjXijgZXdcXZhh^dch bVcV\ZbZcid[hZaZXiZY deedgijc^i^Zh 6"\gVYZegdeZginVhhZih \ZcZgVi^c\YZkZadebZciVcY ^ckZhibZcigZijgch GZVaZhiViZ^ceg^kViZhZXidgh 6Xi^c\^cildgdaZhjci^aVgZeaVXZbZci>ciZgidaa6[g^XVB9^hVeed^ciZY# 8AJHI:G :c\^cZZg^c\8dchigjXi^dc M_bb_[P[[b_[:mZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZbZbWZg <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) I:6B F[j[hZ[Lh_[i BVcV\^c\Y^gZXidg EdlZg H:<B:CIH Fem[h E_bWdZ=Wi :[iCkbb[h <ZcZgVabVcV\Zg CjXaZVg8dchigjXi^dcHZgk^XZh DkYb[Wh9edijhkYj_ed I[hl_Y[i >WdiHeiieY^W 9^gZXidg :c\^cZZg^c\HZgk^XZh ;d]_d[[h_d]I[hl_Y[i l]^X]egdk^YZhbdhian^ciZgcVa hZgk^XZhVXgdhhi]Z\gdje 8DBE:I:C8>:H Bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgn :E8SXdcigVXiYZa^kZgn [gdb[ZVh^W^a^ini]gdj\] idhjeedgi^c\WVc`VW^a^in VcY^beaZbZciVi^dc! ^cXajY^c\eaVcideZgVi^dch VcYbV^ciZcVcXZ 8dgZbV^ciZcVcXZ! h]jiYdlchVcY ijgcVgdjcYh!VWdkZ"\gdjcY hidgV\ZiVc`YZh^\cVcY XdchigjXi^dc!gZeV^ghVcY bV^ciZcVcXZ!VhlZaaVh cZl"Wj^aYd^aVcY\Vh XdcigVXih CjXaZVggZVY^cZhh XZgi^[^XVi^dc ^beaZbZciVi^dc! adXVacjXaZVgeaVci hZgk^XZhVcY gZ[jgW^h]bZci IZX]c^XVahjeedgi!YZh^\c! Zc\^cZZg^c\VcY XdchigjXi^dcbZi]dYdad\^Zh VcY^ccdkVi^kZhdaji^dch [dg: 8VcY8dchigjXi^dc XajhiZghVcY^chjeedgi d[YZkZade^c\bjai^" Y^hX^ea^cVgnVcY:E8S hdaji^dch# H:8IDGH EdlZg^ci]ZejWa^X VcYeg^kViZhZXidgh^c Hdji]6[g^XVVcY^c i]ZgZhid[6[g^XV D^aVcY\Vh^ci]ZejWa^X VcYeg^kViZhZXidgh^c Hdji]6[g^XVVcY^ci]Z gZhid[6[g^XV EdlZgVcY^cYjhig^Va cjXaZVg^ci]ZHdji] 6[g^XVcejWa^XhZXidg 6aahZXidgh S :c\^cZZg!egdXjgZVcYXdchigjXi# &&+ :Wl[Ceh]Wd <ZcZgVabVcV\Zg D^aVcY<Vh 8AJHI:G BVcj[VXijg^c\ I:6B @kh][dIjhW]_[h BVcV\^c\Y^gZXidg/:kZg^iZVcY67I H:<B:CIH 9[Zec_h:`ehZ`[l_Y IZX]c^XVaY^gZXidg/BVcj[VXijg^c\ Ij[[bFheZkYji <_Xh[9[c[dj 7VgcZhGZ^c[dgX^c\>cYjhig^Zh*%VcY <gdje;^kZE^eZ*% :kZg^iZVcY67I6YkVcXZY7j^aY^c\IZX]cdad\^Zh 8DBE:I:C8>:H :miZg^dgVcY^ciZg^dglVaa^c\!XZ^a^c\WdVgYh!gdd[^c\ hnhiZbhVcYe^eZhVcY[^WgZXZbZci"XaVY!hiZZa"[gVbZY bdYjaVg]djh^c\hnhiZbh AVg\ZWdgZhe^gValdjcYhiZZae^eZh[dgbV^canlViZg igVchedgihnhiZbhVcYhiZZagZ^c[dgX^c\VcYbZh][dg jhZ^cXdcXgZiZhigjXijgZh H:8IDGH GZVaZhiViZ^cejWa^XVcYeg^kViZhZXidgh 6aahZXidgh 8AJHI:G =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY @e^dMWbbWY[:mZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZbZbWZg 8dchigjXi^dc 7dZh[mCY@Wdd[j:mZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZbZbWZg I:6B C_Y^W[blWdHeeo[d <hWda;dib_d BVcV\^c\Y^gZXidg/ BVcV\^c\Y^gZXidg/ 7j^aY^c\ =djh^c\ H:<B:CIH ;ZkWdlWdHeeo[d BVcV\^c\Y^gZXidg/ 8dVhiVa 8k_bZ_d]WdZ>eki_d] Ij[l[Hod_dai BVcV\^c\Y^gZXidg/ 8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\ 9_l_b;d]_d[[h_d] CWha>kcf^h[oi BVcV\^c\Y^gZXidg/ Egd_ZXih Fhe`[Yji 8DBE:I:C8>:H 9Zh^\cidWj^aYVcYXdchigjXi^dcd[aVg\ZWj^aY^c\h! adl"XdhiVcYV[[dgYVWaZbVhh]djh^c\VcY gZh^YZci^VaVcYb^cZ]djh^c\hdaji^dch 8dchigjXi^dcd[aVg\Z higjXijgZh^cejWa^XVcY eg^kViZ^c[gVhigjXijgZ! ^cXajY^c\]ZVknX^k^ab^c^c\ VcY^cYjhig^VahigjXijgZh! gdVYh!edgih!V^gedgihVcY e^eZa^cZh Bjai^"Y^hX^ea^cVgneaVci XdchigjXi^dcXdkZg^c\ higjXijgVa!bZX]Vc^XVa! ZaZXig^XVa!^chigjbZciVi^dc VcYe^e^c\ H:8IDGH GZVaZhiViZVcYgZaViZY^c[gVhigjXijgZ^cejWa^X VcYeg^kViZhZXidgh 6aahZXidgh EgZYdb^cVcianb^c^c\! ^cYjhig^VaVcYedlZg^cejWa^X VcYeg^kViZhZXidgh &&, DjgiZVbÉhbZVhjgZhXdci^cjZY & ' ( ' C_a[Kfjed:mZXji^kZY^gZXidgVcY8:D 9h_ij_dW<h[_jWiJ[_n[_hW:mZXji^kZY^gZXidgVcY8;D :mZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZbZbWZghÄXdgedgViZ HigViZ\^XEgd_ZXi9ZkZadebZcih FWkbB[Ik[kh:mZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZbZbWZg J^[cXWCeiW_ =ZVY/HE96[g^XV GZedgi^c\idHE9Xdbb^iiZZbZbWZg 6Xi^c\^cildgdaZhjci^aVgZeaVXZbZci>ciZgidaa6[g^XVB9^hVeed^ciZY# G^h` =koCejjhWc:mZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZbZbWZg ?pWalWdZ[hMWjj <gdjeH=:FbVcV\Zg GZedgi^c\idg^h`Xdbb^iiZZbZbWZg =jbVcgZhdjgXZh <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) @[ii[:eehWiWco:mZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZbZbWZg &&- BVcV\ZbZcigZhedch^WaZ[dg\gdjehZXgZiVg^VaVcY\gdjeXdgedgViZV[[V^gh HZXgZiVg^Va GZedgi^c\idi]Z8;D 8dgedgViZV[[V^gh GZedgi^c\idi]Z8:D DedgWXWAWjWcp_ 8dbeVcnhZXgZiVgn ?iWX[bbWCWakjW <gdje8dgedgViZ6[[V^gh &&. =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY 97I;IJK:O L6I:G;6AA>CI:<G6I:98:CIG6AD;;>8: 6hi]ZXdchigjXidgd[i]ZWj^aY^c\[dgVcZmiZgcVa YZkZadeZg!lZhZXjgZYgZkZcjZVcYbVg\^c#<gdje;^kZ cdlgZcihi]ZWj^aY^c\Vh^ih^ciZ\gViZYXZcigVad[[^XZ# Bdk^c\dkZg,)%eZdeaZ ^ciddcZWj^aY^c\ Yjg^c\i]ZnZVg]VhVagZVYnYZg^kZYedh^i^kZgZhjaih^c iZgbhd[]dllZdeZgViZVhV\gdje!^cXajY^c\/ B dgZXdch^hiZciVeea^XVi^dcd[deZgVi^c\ egdXZYjgZh > begdkZYXgdhh"Wjh^cZhhXdaaVWdgVi^dcVcYV dcZ"iZVbb^cYhZi : a^b^cVi^dcd[Yjea^XViZY^ciZgcVaVcYZmiZgcVa hjeedgiVXi^k^i^Zh ;aViiZc^c\d[deZgVi^c\higjXijgZh > begdkZYgZVa"i^bZXdbbjc^XVi^dcVcY YZX^h^dc"bV`^c\ Deedgijc^in[dg[jgi]ZggVi^dcVa^hVi^dc 9jg^c\i]Z[^ghi[Zlbdci]hd[^ciZgcVaXdaaVWdgVi^dc WZilZZci]Z\gdjeÉhEgd_ZXihVcYEdlZgWjh^cZhhZh YjZidZVhZd[Zc\V\ZbZci^cdcZWj^aY^c\!Vc ^beaZbZciVi^dceaVc[dgVedlZgeaVci^c6[g^XVlVh V\gZZY!l]^X]bZVcii]ViVgdjcYG'%%b^aa^dcd[ gZkZcjZlVhgZiV^cZY^c"]djhZ^chiZVYd[VaadXViZYid ZmiZgcVaXdcigVXidgh# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) 9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!lZVahdXgZViZY`ZnXZcigZhd[ ZmXZaaZcXZVcYZc]VcXZYh]VgZYhZgk^XZh^cVc ^ciZ\gViZYZbeadnZZhZgk^XZhjc^i!l]^X]l^aaYg^kZWZhi egVXi^XZ^cVgZVhhjX]VhgZbjcZgVi^dcVcYWZcZ[^ih VcYh^iZhjeedgi[jcXi^dch#LZl^aa[jgi]ZgWj^aYdc i]ZhiVcYVgY^hZYlVnd[deZgVi^c\idZchjgZ^begdkZY Xgdhh"Wjh^cZhh^ciZ\gVi^dc#:[[^X^ZcX^ZhVcYXdhi gZYjXi^dchh]djaY[adli]gdj\]Yjg^c\i]ZcZmi &'id&-bdci]h# &'% I]ZWj^aY^c\^hdcZd[dcan[^kZWj^aY^c\h^c<VjiZc\ idgZXZ^kZV*"HiVg<gZZcHiVgH6ÄD[[^XZ9Zh^\c k&ÄegZhi^\^djhgVi^c\#>i^hVahdi]Z[^ghiWj^aY^c\^c LViZg[VaaVcYLViZg[Vaa7jh^cZhh:hiViZidgZXZ^kZV <gZZcHiVgH6gVi^c\#LViZg[Vaa^hi]ZaVg\ZhijgWVc XdcXZeiYZkZadebZci^cHdji]6[g^XVVcYLViZg[Vaa 7jh^cZhh:hiViZ^hed^hZYidWZXdbZdcZd[i]Zbdhi hjXXZhh[jacdYZhl^i]^ci]Z<VjiZc\bVg`ZiVcY^c Hdji]6[g^XV# I]ZWj^aY^c\^h]^\]anZcZg\nZ[[^X^Zci![gdb^iha^\]i^c\ id^ihV^g]VcYa^c\#>i]VhVi]ZgbVahidgV\ZhnhiZbid gZYjXZeZV`ZcZg\nYZbVcYdci]ZcVi^dcVa\g^Y#>i^h lViZgZ[[^X^Zci!l^i]lViZg[^mijgZh!mZg^hXVeZeaVcih VcYgV^clViZgXVeijg^c\# I]^h\gZZcWj^aY^c\Éh[gZh]V^ggViZh&*%]^\]Zgi]Vc gZfj^gZY!l^i]XVgWdcY^dm^YZbdc^idghidZchjgZ\ddY fjVa^inV^g# I]ZYZh^\cdei^b^hZh\ZcZgdjhYVna^\]i^ci]ZWj^aY^c\! l^i]djii]Z\aVgZ#Adl"kdaVi^aZdg\Vc^XXdbedjcY eV^cih!XVgeZihVcYhZVaVcihlZgZjhZY!VhlZaaVh adl[dgbVaYZ]nYZXdbedh^iZi^bWZgegdYjXih# I]ZWj^aY^c\ÉhgZ^c[dgXZYhiZZa ]VhVgZXnXa^c\XdciZcid[Vi aZVhi.%#>iVahdhVkZY(% d[^ihidiVaEK8XdciZciWn gZeaVXZbZcil^i]di]Zg bViZg^Vah#6gdjcY*%d[i]Zi^bWZg^ci]Z Wj^aY^c\^hZ^i]Zg;dgZhiHiZlVgYh]^e8djcX^a8Zgi^[^ZY! gZ"jhZYdg]VhVgZXnXaZXdciZci# I]ZWj^aY^c\Vahd`ZZeh^ihZb^hh^dchadl#I]^h ^cXajYZhgZYjX^c\\VhZb^hh^dch!hZlZgV\Zdji[adlh VcYa^\]iedaaji^dc# ;daadl^c\i]ZbdkZidLViZg[Vaa!i]Z\gdjeÉhidiVad[[^XZ gZciVaXdhieZgVccjb^cXgZVhZYWnG&'b^aa^dc# I]Z^cXgZVhZ^hVhVgZhjaid[bdk^c\ZbeadnZZh[gdb djian^c\gZ\^dchl]ZgZgZcigViZhlZgZbViZg^Vaan Y^hXdjciZYVcY[gdbd[[^XZhl]^X]egdk^YZYb^c^bjb [VX^a^i^ZhidVXZcigVaan"adXViZYVcYfjVa^ind[[^XZheVXZ# =dlZkZg!i]ZgZl^aaWZhVk^c\hgZVa^hZYidd[[hZii]Z VYY^i^dcVaXdhi#6cZmVbeaZ^hi]ZZhi^bViZY(%,]djgh hVkZYeZgnZVgViVXdhid[G&'!,b^aa^dcgZfj^gZY^c i]ZeVhi[dgigVkZaa^c\idbdci]anbZZi^c\hWZilZZc hZ\bZcihVcYi]ZXdgedgViZd[[^XZ# >cVYY^i^dc!i]Z\gdje]VhgZVa^hZYhVk^c\hVbdjci^c\ idG'!'b^aa^dcl^i]VgZYjXi^dc^c]ZVYXdjci[gdb djihdjgXZY^c[dgbVi^dciZX]cdad\nhZgk^XZegdk^YZgh VcYVcVYY^i^dcVaG&b^aa^dc^cgZYjXZYcZildg`a^c`h l^i]i]ZXdchda^YVi^dcd[^c[dgbVi^dciZX]cdad\n ^c[gVhigjXijgZ^cdcZd[[^XZ# =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY 9jg^c\i]ZaVhi[ZlnZVgh!i]Z\gdje]Vhhig^kZYidgZYjXZ XdbeaZm^inVcYXdhiVcY^begdkZi]ZheZZYVcYZ[[^X^ZcXn d[Wjh^cZhhhjeedgideZgVi^dch#6heVgid[i]^hhigViZ\n! Yjg^c\i]ZnZVg!<VjiZc\ZbeadnZZh!djih^YZd[ BVcj[VXijg^c\VcYEaVciZbeadnZZhl]dcZZYidWZ WVhZYXadhZidi]Z^geaVcihVcYnVgYh!gZadXViZY[gdb h^mY^[[ZgZciadXVi^dch^ciddcZ^ciZ\gViZYXZcigVad[[^XZ# 9edieb_ZWj_ede\Wbb=Wkj[d]Xki_d[ii[i_dje ed[b[WZ_d] +#IjWh]h[[d#hWj[ZXk_bZ_d] &'& &'' <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) Ekhj[WcÊi h[ckd[hWj_ed I]^hgZbjcZgVi^dcgZedgi^hWVhZYdci]Zeg^cX^eaZh!\j^YVcXZVcYgZfj^gZbZcih d[i]Z@^c\8dYZd[<dkZgcVcXZEg^cX^eaZh@^c\>>>!i]Z8dbeVc^Zh6XiVcYi]Z ?H:A^hi^c\hGZfj^gZbZcih#I]Z;'%&)gZbjcZgVi^dceda^XnlVhVeegdkZYWni]Z \gdjeÉhh]VgZ]daYZghVii]ZbdhigZXZciVccjVa\ZcZgVabZZi^c\6<B^c CdkZbWZg'%&(# >CIGD9J8I>DC I]Z\gdjeÉhgZbjcZgVi^dchigViZ\nV^bhidViigVXi!gZiV^cVcY bdi^kViZh`^aaZYVcYeZg[dgb^c\ZbeadnZZhidZmZXjiZi]Z \gdjeÉhhigViZ\n#I]Z\gdjed[[ZghVc^ciZ\gViZYgZbjcZgVi^dc VcYgZlVgYbdYZa!l]^X]Xdbeg^hZh/ VXdhiid XdbeVcn$ \jVgVciZZY eVn XdbedcZci 8I8 Vh]dgiiZgb ^cXZci^kZ HI> Vadc\iZgb ^cXZci^kZ egd\gVbbZ AI>E I]Z\gdjeÉheVnb^m^hXdbeVgZYidi]ZbVg`Zih[gdbl]^X]^i ViigVXihVcYgZXgj^ihZbeadnZZh# I]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcXdbb^iiZZgZbXdVhh^hihi]ZWdVgY^chZii^c\ i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dceda^X^Zh[dgi]Z\gdje!VhlZaaVhi]Z gZbjcZgVi^dcd[eVgi^XjaVgani]ZZmZXji^kZY^gZXidghVcYi]Z \gdjeÉhegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgh#>cYZeZcYZcicdc"ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidg 9g?A?dW^hi]ZX]V^geZghdcd[i]ZgZbXd#>cYZeZcYZci cdc"ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidgA:7V`dgdlVhVbZbWZgd[i]Z Xdbb^iiZZjci^a]ZggZh^\cVi^dc[gdbi]ZbV^cWdVgYVcY^ih hjW"Xdbb^iiZZhdc&&;ZWgjVgn'%&)#BGI]dbehdcVcY C?8]^cnVciVlZgZVeed^ciZYVh^cYZeZcYZcicdc"ZmZXji^kZ Y^gZXidghidi]ZWdVgYdc&6eg^a'%&)VcYhjWhZfjZcian Veed^ciZYidhZgkZdci]ZgZbXd#8:DBGJeidcVcYi]Z <gdje=GY^gZXidg?9ddgVhVbnViiZcYZYi]ZgZbXd# I]ZgZbXd^hbVcYViZYidVYYgZhhhZc^dgZbeadnZZhÉ gZbjcZgVi^dc!VhlZaaVhidXdch^YZgVcYVeegdkZi]Z gZbjcZgVi^dceda^X^Zh[dgVaadi]ZgZbeadnZZh#I]ZXdbb^iiZZ ^hhjZhi]ZbVcYViZ[dgVccjVaZbeadnZZ^cXgZVhZhVcY ZbeadnZZWZcZ[^ih#I]ZXdbb^iiZZVahdVYk^hZhi]ZbV^cWdVgY d[Y^gZXidgh!VcYbV`ZhgZXdbbZcYVi^dchidh]VgZ]daYZghdc [ZZh[dgY^gZXidghVcYcdc"ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidgh# :kh_d]j^[o[Wh" i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dc Xdbb^iiZZ[dXjhZYdcZchjg^c\i]Vii]ZgZbjcZgVi^dc eV^YidZbeadnZZhgZbV^cZY^ca^cZl^i]bVg`Zicdgbh idViigVXiVcYgZiV^ch`^aaZYZbeadnZZh# I]ZXdbb^iiZZVahd[dXjhZYdc^beaZbZci^c\VcYXdbbjc^XVi^c\ i]Zadc\iZgb^cXZci^kZegd\gVbbZAI>El^i]^ci]Z\gdjeid ZchjgZi]ViVaaeVgi^X^eVcihjcYZghiddYi]Zegd\gVbbZVcY^ih ^ciZcYZYdjiXdbZVcY^cXZci^kZhVi\gVciYViZidbVm^b^hZi]Z egd\gVbbZÉhhjXXZhh# &'( DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcXdci^cjZY ' <GDJE;>K:>CI:<G6I:9G:BJC:G6I>DCEDA>8N K6G>67A: E6N :aZbZcih <gdje;^kZ HigViZ\^X ^ciZci <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) :a^\^W^a^in &') :a^\^W^a^in eVnXg^iZg^V Adc\iZgb ^cXZci^kZ H]dgiiZgb ^cXZci^kZ H]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dc g^\]ih EZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZh 7dcjhh]VgZh 8DHIID 8DBE6CN 7ZcZ[^ih 7VhZeVn 6ccjVa^cXZci^kZ WdcjhhX]ZbZ BZY^XVaV^Y EZch^dc[jcY$ egdk^YZci[jcY 9ZVi]WZcZ[^i 8VgVaadlVcXZ Bdci]anhVaVgn =djganlV\Z GZlVgYhXdbeVcn eZg[dgbVcXZ GZlVgYh^cY^k^YjVa eZg[dgbVcXZ 6iigVXi^dc$gZiZci^dc GZXd\c^i^dcd[ Xdcig^Wji^dcid XdbeVcnhjXXZhh GZlVgYhXdbeVcn eZg[dgbVcXZ GZlVgYh^cY^k^YjVa eZg[dgbVcXZ 6iigVXi^dc$gZiZci^dc$ gZXd\c^i^dc Egdk^YZhV XdbegZ]Zch^kZ gZbjcZgVi^dcd[[Zg^c\ ^cXajh^kZd[XVh] VcYWZcZ[^ih GZiZci^dcd[h`^aah ^ciZgbhd[i]Z XdbegZ]Zch^kZcZhh d[WZcZ[^ihd[[ZgZY 6iigVXi^dc$gZiZci^dc :mZXji^kZY^gZXidgh EgZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgh HZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci ViVXdgedgViZ! XajhiZgVcYhZ\bZci aZkZa :mZXji^kZY^gZXidgh EgZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgh HZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci ViVXdgedgViZ! XajhiZgVcY hZ\bZciaZkZa 6aaZbeadnZZh 6aadXVi^dcWVhZYdc \gVYZ IVg\ZieVnVh eZgXZciV\Zd[Xdhi idXdbeVcn[dgi]Z kVg^djheVgi^X^eVcih# HjW_ZXiidh]VgZ VeegZX^Vi^dc!gZijgc dcXVe^iVaVcYidiVa h]VgZ]daYZggZijgc =jgYaZgViZ[dg eVnbZci^cXajYZh gZijgcdcZfj^inVcY egd[^ii]gZh]daYh >cY^k^YjVaeVnhjW_ZXi idegd[^iVcYXVh] \ZcZgVi^dc! igVch[dgbVi^dc bZVhjgZhVcY ^cY^k^YjVa eZg[dgbVcXZ IVg\ZieVndji &#'m8I8 BVm^bjbeVndji (m8I8 BVg`Zi"WVhZYeVnVXXdgY^c\id_dW\gdje^c\! \gVYZVcY^cY^k^YjVaeZg[dgbVcXZ EZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZhVgZcdiVaadXViZYidhZ\bZcihZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci!Vh^i^hV^bZYViZmZXji^kZY^gZXidgh!egZhXg^WZYd[[^XZghVcYhZc^dg bVcV\ZbZciViVXdgedgViZVcYXajhiZgaZkZal]d]VkZVhjWhiVci^Va^beVXidci]Zadc\iZgbhigViZ\^XeZg[dgbVcXZd[i]Z\gdje# ;D8JH6G:6H9JG>C<I=:N:6G A67DJG:CK>GDCB:CI I]ZYZbVcYh[gdbbV_dgjc^dchdeZgVi^c\^ci]ZXdchigjXi^dc hZXidg[dgh^\c^[^XVcian]^\]ZglV\ZhVcY^begdkZYWZcZ[^ih ^cbV^cani]Z\gdjeÉh]dbZbVg`Zid[Hdji]6[g^XVXdci^cjZ jcVWViZY#Egd_ZXiWdcjhYZbVcYhVXgdhhXdchigjXi^dch^iZh ^cHdji]6[g^XV!VhlZaaVhYZbVcYh[dgigVkZa![ddY! VXXdbbdYVi^dcVcYh^iZ"heZX^[^XVaadlVcXZhVahdXdci^cjZ# >begdkZYhdX^VaWZcZ[^ih!hjX]Vh]ZVai]^chjgVcXZVcYeZch^dc Xdcig^Wji^dchVgZVahdheZX^[^ZY#6ai]dj\]lZ]VkZVadljc^dc bZbWZgh]^ed[&,#+!i]Zcdc"jc^dc^hZYZbeadnZZhdcdjgh^iZh ]VkZh^b^aVgYZbVcYhVcYVgZd[iZcb^a^iVci# 6\V^chii]^h!i]Z\gdjeidd`V[^gbhiVcXZ ^cYZVa^c\l^i]aVWdjgjcgZhiVcY VhhdX^ViZYXdbbjc^inVXi^k^hb!Vhi]^h ^hVbViZg^Vag^h`idi]ZhV[Zind[djg ZbeadnZZh!VhlZaaVhidi]ZYZa^kZgn d[aVg\Z!bV^canejWa^XhZXidgbjai^" Y^hX^ea^cVgnXdcigVXih#6hV\gdjelZ WZa^ZkZ^i^hXg^i^XVai]Vii]Zeg^cX^eaZh d[XZcigVa^hZYWVg\V^c^c\WZbV^ciV^cZY YZhe^iZi]ZhjWhiVci^VaegZhhjgZ[gdb jc^dch^ci]ZhZXidgidYZk^ViZ[gdbi]^h `ZniZcVcid[hdjcY^cYjhig^VagZaVi^dch# DjgXdch^hiZcigZhedchZ]VhWZZcidcdiZc\V\Z^cVYYgZhh^c\ ^cYjhign^hhjZhVih^iZaZkZadgWnXdcigVXi#6hV`ZnbZbWZgd[ i]ZHdji]6[g^XVc;ZYZgVi^dcd[8^k^a:c\^cZZg^c\8dcigVXidgh H6;8:8VcYi]ZHiZZaVcY:c\^cZZg^c\>cYjhig^Zh;ZYZgVi^dcd[ Hdji]6[g^XVH:>;H6!lZXdci^cjZid^c[ajZcXZi]ZhZX]VaaZc\Zh Vi^cYjhignaZkZa#9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!lZ[jgi]ZgVj\bZciZYi]Z ^cYjhig^VagZaVi^dchbVcV\ZbZciXVeVW^a^i^Zhd[i]Z]jbVc gZhdjgXZh=GiZVbhVXgdhhVaaWjh^cZhhZhl^i]^ci]Z\gdje# I]^h!XdjeaZYl^i]VbdgZegdVXi^kZVeegdVX]!l^aaVhh^hi^c ^YZci^[n^c\VcYgZhdak^c\h^iZ"heZX^[^X^hhjZhVih^iZaZkZaWZ[dgZ i]ZnZhXVaViZ# VcYgZiZci^dcd[Xg^i^XVah`^aah^ca^cZl^i]djggZbjcZgVi^dc higViZ\n#I]^hhigViZ\nVahdVaadlhi]Z\gdjeidWZiiZghjhiV^c ^ihZa[Yjg^c\VXdchigjXi^dcYdlcXnXaZ# :ME6IG>6I:LDG@;DG8: >cVYY^i^dciddjgXdci^cjZY[dXjhdcadXVah`^aahYZkZadebZci VcYZbeadnbZci^cVaaXdjcig^Zh^cl]^X]lZdeZgViZ!i]Z\gdje [dXjhZhdchjeedgi^c\^ihZmeVig^ViZldg`[dgXZ#DkZg&'%% igV^c^c\^ciZgkZci^dchidd`eaVXZ[dgadXVaVcYZmeVig^ViZ ZbeadnZZh^cXdjcig^Zh^ci]ZgZhid[6[g^XV#I]ZhZ^ciZgkZci^dch gZegZhZciVcZkZg"\gdl^c\[dXjhl^i]^ci]Z\gdjeÉhigV^c^c\ VXVYZbnidZmiZcY^ihgZVX]VcYhjWhiVci^Vaan^begdkZi]Z iZX]c^XVaVcYbVcV\Zg^Vah`^aahd[adXVahVcYZmeVig^ViZh ZbeadnZYdjih^YZd[Hdji]6[g^XV# I]Z\gdjeÉh]^\]an"h`^aaZYZmeVig^ViZZbeadnZZh]VkZ]ZaeZY XdjciZgh`^aahh]dgiV\Zhdci]ZXdci^cZci!l]^aZVhh^hi^c\^ci]Z YZkZadebZcid[i]Zh`^aahedda^ci]ZXdjcig^Zhl]ZgZi]ZnVgZ YZeadnZY#9jZidi]ZhjXXZhhd[i]^hhigViZ\n!i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dc VcYWZcZ[^iheV^Yidi]ZhZZbeadnZZhlZgZgZk^ZlZYVcY Vj\bZciZYYjg^c\i]ZnZVg#I]ZWVhZhVaVg^Zh![a^\]iWZcZ[^ihVcY gdiVi^dceZg^dYhbV`ZjhVcZbeadnZgd[X]d^XZVcYZcVWaZi]Z ViigVXi^dcVcYgZiZci^dcd[i]ZhZh`^aahZkZcV\V^chii]Z gZbdiZcZhhd[djg6[g^XVch^iZhl]ZcXdbeVgZYidgZ\^dchhjX] Vhi]ZB^YYaZ:Vhi# :CHJG>C<8DBE:I>I>K:G:BJC:G6I>DC I]Z\gdjeÉhVeegdkZYAI>ElVh^beaZbZciZYYjg^c\i]ZXjggZci nZVg#I]^hegd\gVbbZVYYgZhhZhi]ZX]VaaZc\Zd[i]ZegZk^djh hX]ZbZl]^X]lVhdcanYZeZcYZcidch]VgZeg^XZeZg[dgbVcXZ# I]ZcZlAI>Ed[[ZghVWVaVcXZWZilZZcZmiZgcVabVg`Zi hZci^bZci^ci]Z[dgbd[h]VgZeg^XZ!h]VgZ]daYZgkVajZXgZVi^dc VcY^cY^k^YjVaeZg[dgbVcXZ#6aaVheZXihd[i]ZAI>EVYYgZhhi]Z gZiZci^dcd[ZbeadnZZh# =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY ( J^[_cfb[c[djWj_edd[i]ZBJ?F" id\Zi]Zgl^i]VcjbWZgd[di]Zg^begdkZbZcihid djggZbjcZgVi^dcegVXi^XZh!ZchjgZhVXdbeZi^i^kZ edh^i^dc^c\^ciZgbhd[\jVgVciZZYeVnVcYh]dgi VcYadc\iZgb^cXZci^kZh# :9J86I>DC6GDJC9G:BJC:G6I>DC I]Z=GYZeVgibZciXdci^cjZYid[dXjhdc^c[dgb^c\a^cZ bVcV\ZghVcYZbeadnZZhd[i]Z\gdjeÉhgZbjcZgVi^dceda^XnVcY egVXi^XZ!i]ZhigjXijgZd[idiVagZbjcZgVi^dcVcYi]Z\gdjeÉh VeegdVX]idgZlVgY^c\eZg[dgbVcXZ#I]ZhZhZhh^dch]VkZegdkZY idWZkVajVWaZ^cZchjg^c\bdgZ^c[dgbZYZbeadnZZh^ciZgbhd[ djggZbjcZgVi^dcd[[Zg^c\#I]Z\gdjeÉheda^Xnd[gZbjcZgVi^c\ WZilZZci]Z+%i]VcY+*i]eZgXZci^aZd[i]ZbVg`ZiVkZgV\Z edh^i^dcd[\jVgVciZZYWVhZeVn!l^i]i]Zdeedgijc^inidhZXjgZ aVg\ZgkVg^VWaZeVn!Xdci^cjZhidZchjgZi]ZhjXXZhh[jaViigVXi^dc ;daadl^c\i]Z^beaZbZciVi^dcd[VEViZghdc_dW\gVY^c\hnhiZb Yjg^c\i]ZegZk^djh[^cVcX^VanZVg!i]Z\gdjeXdci^cjZYidVa^\c ^ih\gVYZhVXgdhhhZ\bZcihVcYXajhiZgh#I]^hgZhjaiZY^c\gZViZg Xdch^hiZcXnVcYhiVcYVgY^hVi^dcd[_dWi^iaZ\gVYZh# <gdje;^kZd[[ZghVcjbWZgd[ZbeadnZZWZcZ[^ihid^ih eZgbVcZciZbeadnZZh!VhVeegdkZYWni]ZgZbXd# &'* DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcXdci^cjZY Ekhc[Z_YWbW_ZYel[h_iekjb_d[ZX[bem0 B:9>86A6>98DK:G6<: 8DK:G:9I=GDJ<= <GDJE;>K:DGHEDJH: )+ EZgbVcZciZbeadnZZh DjgeZgbVcZcihVaVg^ZYZbeadnZZhVgZVaabZbWZghd[V bZY^XVaV^YZ^i]Zgi]gdj\]<gdje;^kZdgi]gdj\]VhedjhZÉh bZY^XVaV^Y!Vh^i^hVXdcY^i^dcd[ZbeadnbZci#Dcan.d[djg eZgbVcZcilV\ZZbeadnZZh]VkZbZY^XVaV^YXdkZg!YZhe^iZi]Z WZcZ[^iWZ^c\d[[ZgZYdcV*%$*%Xdcig^Wji^dcWZilZZcZbeadnZZ VcYi]ZXdbeVcn#I]gdj\]dc\d^c\Xdbbjc^XVi^dc!VlVgZcZhh VcYigV^c^c\^c^i^Vi^kZhlZV^bid^cXgZVhZi]^haZkZa#IZbedgVgn ZbeadnZZhÉadlbZY^XVaXdkZgd[&^h^ca^cZl^i]^cYjhign cdgbh\^kZci]Za^b^iZYYjgVi^dccVijgZd[ZbeadnbZci# I]Z^cY^k^YjVaeZg[dgbVcXZgVi^c\hd[ZbeadnZZhl]^X] ^c[ajZcXZYi]Z^cXgZVhZhVlVgYZY^ci]Z\gdjeVgZgZ[aZXiZY WZadl/ Year-on-year comparison of performance ratings between F2013 and F2014 68.7 62.7 23.7 19.8 5.8 2.5 0.3 6.1 <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) E:G;DGB6C8:G:K>:LH &'+ 6ccjVaeZg[dgbVcXZgZk^ZlhVgZgZfj^gZY[dgeZgbVcZcihVaVg^ZY ZbeadnZZh^ci]Z\gdje#I]ZhZgZk^Zlhegdk^YZ^ceji^cidi]Z VccjVahVaVgngZk^ZlegdXZhhVcYgZegZhZciVc^bedgiVciVheZXi ^cYZiZgb^c^c\i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dc^cXgZVhZd[ZVX]ZbeadnZZ# I]gdj\]i]Z\gdjeÉhigV^c^c\VXVYZbnlZ[dXjhZYdci]ZfjVa^in VcYXdch^hiZcXnd[djgeZg[dgbVcXZgZk^ZlegdXZhhZhVcY djiXdbZh#9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!,-d[djgZa^\^WaZZbeadnZZh]VYV [dgbVaVeegV^hVaXdbeaZiZY#6ai]dj\]i]^hlVhadlZgi]Vci]Z egZk^djhnZVgÉh-(!i]ZfjVa^ind[i]ZgZk^Zlh^begdkZY# I]ZeZg[dgbVcXZd[i]ZWdVgYVcYi]ZZmZXji^kZiZVb^h VeegV^hZYV\V^chiVhZid[XaZVgdW_ZXi^kZhVcY`ZneZg[dgbVcXZ VgZVhidZchjgZi]ZnVgZgZbjcZgViZY[V^ganVcYgZhedch^Wan# I]ZVccjVaeZg[dgbVcXZgZk^Zlhd[i]ZZmZXji^kZhVgZXdcYjXiZY Wni]Z8:D!l^i]i]Z8:DÉheZg[dgbVcXZgZk^ZlXdcYjXiZYWn i]Zcdb^cVi^dchXdbb^iiZZVcYVeegdkZYWni]ZWdVgY# *) :mZXji^kZVcYhZc^dgbVcV\ZbZcibZbWZghVgZbZVhjgZY VcYgZbjcZgViZYVXXdgY^c\idi]Z^gVa^\cbZci!VX]^ZkZbZci VcYXdcig^Wji^dcidi]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\n!i]Z\gdjeÉh[^cVcX^Va eZg[dgbVcXZ!XajhiZgeZg[dgbVcXZ!hZ\bZcieZg[dgbVcXZ VcY^cY^k^YjVaeZg[dgbVcXZ# >cVYY^i^dcidi]Zg^h`WZcZ[^ihd[[ZgZYWndjggZi^gZbZci[jcY!lZ d[[ZgYZVi]VcYY^hVW^a^in^chjgVcXZXdkZgi]gdj\]V\gdje eZghdcVaVXX^YZci<E6^chjgVcXZeda^XnidVaaeZgbVcZciVcY iZbedgVgnZbeadnZZh#H^b^aVgidi]ZWVhZeVn!i]Z\gdjegZk^Zlh i]ZhZZbeadnZZWZcZ[^ihdcVgZ\jaVgWVh^hidZchjgZi]Zn gZbV^cXdbeZi^i^kZV\V^chiegZkV^a^c\bVg`ZiigZcYhVcY XdcY^i^dch# 9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!i]Z\gdjegZeaVXZY^ih Y^hVW^a^inWZcZ[^il^i]Vh^\c^[^XVcian ^begdkZY^cXdbZegdiZXi^dceda^Xnl]^X] l^aaeVn,*d[^cXdbZjci^agZi^gZbZci[dg eZgbVcZciidiVaY^hVW^a^ingVi]Zgi]VcV ajbehjb!VhlZaaVhegdk^YZiZbedgVgn Y^hVW^a^in^cXdbZegdiZXi^dc# JC8DK:G:9 $(&# #)#$# #'('($&+ 4.4 4.1 &#! 1.1 $$ )%&$& 0.9 )('(## I]Z[dXjhdc^begdk^c\i]ZfjVa^ind[eZg[dgbVcXZgZk^Zlh gZhjaiZY^cV\gZViZgYZ\gZZd[Xdch^hiZcXn^ci]ZVeea^XVi^dc d[gVi^c\h#I]Z^cXgZVhZ^cZbeadnZZhgViZYVhÆjchVi^h[VXidgnÇ ^hYjZidVbdgZhig^c\ZciVeea^XVi^dcd[i]ZgVi^c\bdYZa! VhlZaaVhbVcV\ZghcdlWZ^c\bdgZXdc[^YZci^cgVi^c\ jcYZg"eZg[dgbVcXZZ[[ZXi^kZan#DjgZ[[dgih\d^c\[dglVgY l^aaWZid[dXjhdcZbeadnZZhgViZYdci]ZadlZgaZkZahd[ i]ZeZg[dgbVcXZhXVaZhi]gdj\]igV^c^c\^c^i^Vi^kZh#6ii]Z ideZcYd[i]ZeZg[dgbVcXZhXVaZh!lZl^aaXdcXZcigViZdc djghjXXZhh^dceaVcc^c\VcYgZiZci^dc^c^i^Vi^kZh#LZVgZ eaZVhZYl^i]i]Z[VXii]Vi'*d[djgZbeadnZZhVgZgViZY VhhjeZg^dg$djihiVcY^c\# 8=6C<:HIDG:BJC:G6I>DC>C;'%&) 8DHIID8DBE6CN8I8DG<J6G6CI::9E6N <gdje;^kZWZcX]bVg`h^ihgZbjcZgVi^dcegVXi^XZhV\V^chiWdi] i]ZbVg`Zi[gdbl]^X]^igZXgj^ihVcYi]ZbdhigZaZkVcibVg`Zih l]ZgZZbeadnZZhgZ\jaVganhZZ`VaiZgcVi^kZZbeadnbZci#LZ Vahdji^a^hZi]ZVkV^aVWaZgZejiVWaZWZcX]bVg`gZbjcZgVi^dc hjgkZnhidZchjgZdjggZbjcZgVi^dceVX`V\ZhVgZWdi] XdbeZi^i^kZ![V^gVcYVa^\cZYid\gdjeeda^Xn# Dc"iVg\ZieZg[dgbVcXZ!l^i]Vaai]gZh]daYhVcYbZVhjgZhbZi! l^aagZhjai^ci]Z8:DZVgc^c\Vc^cXZci^kZWdcjhd[&#'i^bZh]^h VccjVaXdhiidXdbeVcn8I8#I]Z^cXZci^kZ^hXVeeZYVii]gZZ i^bZhi]Z8I8# 9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!i]ZiVg\ZiZYeZgXZciV\Zd[Xdhiid XdbeVcnidWZeV^YVhVcHI>idi]Z8:DlVhgZYjXZY[gdb &)%^c;'%&(id&'%^c;'%&)#I]^hlVhidVa^\ci]Z HI>l^i]bVg`ZicdgbhVhVcAI>ElVheji^ceaVXZ# I]^hVbZcYbZcigZhjaiZY^ci]ZVa^\c^c\d[**d[ i]Z8:DÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcidi]ZXdbeVcnÉheZg[dgbVcXZ VcY)*id^cY^k^YjVaeZg[dgbVcXZ#*'d[i]Z8;DÉh gZbjcZgVi^dcVcY*&d[egZhXg^WZYd[[^XZghÉgZbjcZgVi^dc ^ha^c`ZYidXdbeVcneZg[dgbVcXZ#I]^hlVhVdcXZ"d[[ gZk^Zl!l^i]cd[jgi]ZgVY_jhibZciVci^X^eViZY[dg;'%&*# 9jg^c\i]ZnZVg!i]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVcdkZgVaa^cXgZVhZd[.# I]^hXdch^hiZYd[VeZg[dgbVcXZ"WVhZY^cXgZVhZd[,VcYVc VYY^i^dcVa'[dg^cY^k^YjVahl]dgZfj^gZY8I8WVcYVY_jhibZcih YjZidZ^i]Zg_dW\gVYZX]Vc\ZhdgidVaadli]Z\gdjeidedh^i^dc ZbeadnZZhl^i]^c^iheda^Xn\j^YZa^cZd[gZbjcZgVi^dcWZilZZc i]Z+%i]VcY+*i]eZgXZci^aZd[i]ZbVg`Zi# 6iVc^cY^k^YjVaZbeadnZZaZkZa!i]ZVccjVa8I8^cXgZVhZ^h YZiZgb^cZYWni]Z^cY^k^YjVaÉheVngZaVi^kZidi]ZWVcY]Zdgh]Z ^hbViX]ZYV\V^chi!VhlZaaVhi]ZeZg[dgbVcXZd[i]Z^cY^k^YjVa ^ci]ZgdaZ#I]^hegdXZhhd[ZkVajVi^dcXdcXajYZYl^i]VcVkZgV\Z eZg[dgbVcXZ^cXgZVhZ[dgi]Z\gdjed[+#*[gdbi]ZbVcYViZY ,VcYVcVkZgV\Z\gdjeWVcYVY_jhibZcid[&#+[gdbi]Z bVcYViZY'#I]Z\gdjei]ZgZ[dgZZchjgZYi]Vi^cXgZVhZhY^Y cdiZmXZZYi]ZbVcYViZegdk^YZYWni]ZgZbXd# LV\Z"WVhZYZbeadnZZhVgZeV^YZ^i]Zg^ca^cZl^i]gZaZkVci hZXidgVaYZiZgb^cVi^dch!VhhZidjiWni]Z9ZeVgibZcid[AVWdjg! dg^ca^cZl^i]jc^dc"cZ\di^ViZYlV\Zh#I]Z\gdje]VhVadljc^dc gZegZhZciVi^dcd[&-#+d[ZbeadnZZh#I]ZZbeadnZZh\dkZgcZYWn i]ZX^k^aZc\^cZZg^c\hZXidgVaYZiZgb^cVi^dcgZXZ^kZYVc^cXgZVhZ d[&%Vii]ZbdgZ_jc^dg\gVYZhVcY.Vii]ZhZc^dg\gVYZh# BZiVa>cYjhig^Zh7Vg\V^c^c\8djcX^aZbeadnZZh[gdbdjg Egd_ZXihVcYD^aVcY<VhhZ\bZcihgZXZ^kZY,VcYdjg BVcj[VXijg^c\hZ\bZci:kZg^iZZbeadnZZhgZXZ^kZY.#6ii]Z i^bZd[lg^i^c\!djgXdcXZhh^dchWjh^cZhh>ciZgidaa6[g^XVlVhhi^aa ^ccZ\di^Vi^dchl^i]i]ZHdji]6[g^XVcIgVchedgiVcY6aa^ZY Ldg`ZghJc^dcH6I6LJ#>cXVhZhl]ZgZi]Z\gdjeÉhXa^Zci^hhjZh Vc^chigjXi^dcideVnbdgZdgd[[ZgVYY^i^dcVaWZcZ[^ihidi]Vid[ hZXidgVaV\gZZbZcih!lZVYdeii]^hVhVkVg^Vi^dcdgYZgiddjg XdcigVXiVcY^beaZbZciVXXdgY^c\an#LZ]VkZWZZc[djcYidWZ Xdbea^Vcil^i]aVWdjggZ\jaVi^dchdcVaah^iZh# K6G>67A:E6N H]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZhHI>h I]Z\gdjeVlVgYhbVcV\ZbZciVcYbdhihVaVg^ZYZbeadnZZh VcVccjVaeZg[dgbVcXZ^cXZci^kZ#I]ZVXijVaVbdjciVlVgYZY ^hhjW_ZXiidi]ZVX]^ZkZbZcid[hZii]gZh]daYhgZaVi^c\idi]Z eZg[dgbVcXZVcYedh^i^dcd[i]Z\gdje!XajhiZgVcYhZ\bZci VcY^cY^k^YjVaeZg[dgbVcXZdkZgi]Z[^cVcX^VanZVg#Cdc"ZmZXji^kZ Y^gZXidghYdcdieVgi^X^eViZ^cVcnkVg^VWaZeVnd[[Zg^c\# 6ii]ZaZkZad[ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidgh!egZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgh!\gdje Y^gZXidgh!bVcV\^c\Y^gZXidghVcYhZ\bZciY^gZXidghd[i]Z XdbeVcn!ildi]gZh]daYhcZZYidWZbZiWZ[dgZVc^cXZci^kZ eVn"dji^hXdch^YZgZYWni]ZgZbXd# I]ZhZVgZ/ &# I ]Z\gdjeVX]^Zk^c\Vb^c^bjbGD:eZgXZciV\Zd[cd aZhhi]Vci]Z\gdjeÉhlZ^\]iZYVkZgV\ZXdhid[XVe^iVa [dgi]ZnZVg# '# B ZZi^c\Vb^c^bjbegd[^iWZ[dgZiVmaZkZa!VhVeegdkZY Wni]ZbV^cWdVgY# ;'%&)VcY;'%&*ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidgVcYegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZghÉHI> eVgi^X^eVi^dciVg\ZieZgXZciV\Zhd[XdhiidXdbeVcn 8aVhh^[^XVi^dc ;'%&* <(&'* ;'%&( 8:D &'% '(& &)% 8;D &&% ''& &'% EgZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgh &%* '&+ &&% L^i]i]Z^beaZbZciVi^dcd[i]ZAI>EYjg^c\i]ZnZVg!Vc VbZcYbZcilVhbVYZidi]Zi^b^c\d[i]ZHI>eVn"dji#6hi]Z HI>^h^ciZcYZYidgZlVgYh]dgiiZgbXdbeVcneZg[dgbVcXZ!i]Z ^cXZci^kZZVgcZYl^aai]ZgZ[dgZWZeV^YdjidkZgildigVcX]ZhVi h^m"bdci]an^ciZgkVah!XdbbZcX^c\^cHZeiZbWZg[daadl^c\i]Z [^cVcX^VanZVg"ZcY^cl]^X]^i^hZVgcZY!VhdeedhZYidi]Z egZk^djh[djg"igVcX]ZeVndjibZX]Vc^hb# >[i]Zi]gZh]daYhd[gZijgcdcZfj^inVcY]ZVYa^cZZVgc^c\h!WZ^c\ i]Z]jgYaZgViZh[dgeVnbZci!VgZbZi!VbVm^bjbd[&*d[ \gdjeegd[^iWZ[dgZiVmE7IWZ[dgZiV`^c\^cidVXXdjcii]Z gZfj^gZYegdk^h^dc[dgY^gZXidghÉHI>^hbVYZVkV^aVWaZVhVc ^cXZci^kZeddaidVWdji&&%^cY^k^YjVah!l]^X]^cXajYZi]Z ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidgh!egZhXg^WZYd[[^XZghVcYhZc^dgbVcV\Zgh d[i]ZXdbeVcn#I]Z^cY^k^YjVa^cXZci^kZkVajZ^hWVhZYdcV \gVYZ"gZaViZYeVgi^X^eVi^dceZgXZciV\Zd[XdbeVcnVcYXajhiZg dghZ\bZciegd[^iWZ[dgZiVm#I]Z^cY^k^YjVaeZg[dgbVcXZXg^iZg^V VcYi]Z^ggZheZXi^kZlZ^\]i^c\hVgZVh[daadlh/ =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY ) L:><=I>C< @:NE:G;DGB6C8:6G:6 ;'%&) ;'%&( Egd[^iWZ[dgZiVm (* &* (% :beadnbZciZfj^inVcYZciZgeg^hZ VcYhjeea^ZgYZkZadebZci 6a^\cbZciid\gdjehjeean X]V^chigViZ\n '% '% &% &* >cY^k^YjVaeZg[dgbVcXZ '% '% ;gZZXVh]\ZcZgViZY &* >ci]ZeVhi!hjeeanX]V^chjeedgi[dg^ciZgcVaegdXjgZbZci gZegZhZciZY&*d[i]Z^cY^k^YjVaÉhlZ^\]i^c\#=dlZkZg!Vh egdXjgZbZci^c^i^Vi^kZh^ci]Z\gdjegZVX]ZYbVijg^in!i]^hcd adc\ZghZgkZYVhVbZVc^c\[jabZVhjgZid^cXZci^k^hZ WZ]Vk^djgVaeVnbZcihX]Vc\Zh#>ilVhi]ZgZ[dgZYZX^YZYid ^cXgZVhZi]ZlZ^\]i^c\dcegd[^iVW^a^inid^cXZci^k^hZV[dXjhdc Yg^k^c\ZVgc^c\h# &', DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcXdci^cjZY >c^ihZkVajVi^dcd[eZg[dgbVcXZ!i]ZgZbXdXdch^YZghZmiZgcVa VcY^ciZgcVa[VXidghi]VibVn]VkZXdcig^WjiZYidi]Zi]gZh]daYh WZ^c\bZidgcdi#I]ZgZbXdbVn[gdbi^bZidi^bZXdch^YZg Y^hXgZi^dcVgnh]dgiiZgbWdcjhZhdcVc^cY^k^YjVaVcY hZ\bZcidgXajhiZgWVh^h# HeZX^VagZiZci^dcbZVhjgZ CdcZlgZiZci^dcbZVhjgZhlZgZVlVgYZY^c;'%&)#I]Z[^cVa eVnbZcihYjZ^ciZgbhd[i]Z;'%&(gZiZci^dchX]ZbZlZgZ hZiiaZY^c?jcZ'%&)# Adc\iZgb^cXZci^kZhAI>h I]Z\gdjeÉhZmZXji^kZWdcjhHI> eVnbZcihigjXijgZgZhjaih^ceVn"djid[ WdcjhZhi]gZZVcYc^cZbdci]hV[iZgi]Z ZVgc^c\heZg^dYV\V^chil]^X]i]ZhZ WdcjhZhVgZVlVgYZY#7dcjhZhVXijVaan eV^Y^cV[^cVcX^VanZVgi]ZgZ[dgZgZaViZ idi]ZZVgc^c\heZg[dgbVcXZd[i]Z egZk^djh[^cVcX^VanZVg#I]Zh]dgiiZgb ^cXZci^kZeVn"djihbVYZYjg^c\i]^h [^cVcX^VanZVggZ[aZXii]ZXdbeVcn eZg[dgbVcXZgZedgiZY^c;'%&( VcY^cXajYZi]ZgZbV^c^c\Vbdjcih YjZ[gdbi]Z;'%&'^cXZci^kZ# I]ZAI>EhX]ZbZlVh^beaZbZciZY^c;ZWgjVgn'%&)V[iZgWZ^c\ VeegdkZYViVheZX^Vah]VgZ]daYZghÉbZZi^c\^cCdkZbWZg'%&' VcY[daadl^c\^ceji[gdbh]VgZ]daYZgh^ciZgbhd[Veegdeg^ViZ eZg[dgbVcXZXg^iZg^VidWZVeea^ZY#I]Zadc\iZgb^cXZci^kZ hX]ZbZ[dgbheVgid[kVg^VWaZXdbeZchVi^dcVcY^hjhZYid ViigVXi!gZiV^cVcYbdi^kViZZbeadnZZhl]d^c[ajZcXZi]Zadc\ iZgbhjhiV^cVW^a^inVcYhigViZ\^XdW_ZXi^kZhd[<gdje;^kZ#I]Z ejgedhZ^hid[dhiZghjhiV^cVWaZeZg[dgbVcXZdgkVajZXgZVi^dc dkZgi]Zadc\iZgb!l]^X]^hVa^\cZYidi]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\nVcY l]^X]Zc]VcXZhh]VgZ]daYZgkVajZ#>ihbV^cX]VgVXiZg^hi^X^hi]Z egdb^hZidYZa^kZgkVajZdkZgV[jijgZkZhi^c\eZg^dY!dcXZ eZg[dgbVcXZXg^iZg^VVgZbZidgZmXZZYZY# J^[BJ?FYedi_ijie\j^h[[[b[c[dji0 & I^Wh[Wffh[Y_Wj_edh_]^jiI7Hi KVajZXgZViZYi]gdj\]h]VgZeg^XZ\gdli] 8dbeVgVi^kZVlVgYhVcYeVn"djih 7VhZYdcVX]^ZkZbZcihV\V^chikVg^djheZg[dgbVcXZi]gZh]daYh! i]ZhZc^dgbVcV\ZbZciiZVbhlZgZeV^YVh[daadlhi]^hnZVg/ I ]Z8:DlVhVlVgYZYVWdcjhd[&')d[]^hVccjVa \jVgVciZZY8I8!l]^X]lVh--d[i]ZiVg\ZiZYWdcjhd[ &)%d[VccjVa8I8 I ]Z8;DlVhVlVgYZYVWdcjhd[&&&d[8I8!l]^X]lVh .'d[i]ZiVg\ZiZYWdcjhd[&'%d[VccjVa8I8 I ]ZegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZghlZgZVlVgYZYWdcjhZhd[.& V\V^chiViVg\Zid[&&%d[VccjVa8I8 <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) GZ[ZgideV\Zh&%,id&%.VcY&&)id&&*[dgVX]^ZkZbZci V\V^chi`ZneZg[dgbVcXZ^cY^XVidgh# &'- ;'%&(HI>VlVgYZY VhVd[VccjVaXdhi idXdbeVcn 8:D EV^Y^cildigVcX]Zh ^c;'%&) &') 8;D &&& EgZhXg^WZY d[[^XZgh .& F[h\ehcWdY[i^Wh[i ;jaakVajZh]VgZhÄkVajZXgZViZYi]gdj\]gZijgchid h]VgZ]daYZghgZaVi^kZidXdbeZi^idgh ( 8edkii^Wh[i ;jaakVajZh]VgZhÄkVajZXgZViZYi]gdj\]h]dgiiZgb eZg[dgbVcXZVcYhigViZ\nVa^\cbZci 6ii]ZY^hXgZi^dcd[i]ZgZbXd!ZmZXji^kZhVcYhZaZXiZY hZc^dgbVcV\Zgh^cEViZghdc\gVYZh;id9l]dVgZ^c \ddYhiVcY^c\l^i]i]Z\gdjel^aaWZd[[ZgZYVlZ^\]iZY XdbW^cVi^dcd[i]ZAI>EZaZbZcih# >i^hZck^hV\ZYi]Vii]ZXdbW^cZY^beaZbZciVi^dc d[i]Zadc\iZgb^cXZci^kZZaZbZcihl^aaVaadl <gdje;^kZid/ gZbV^cXdbeZi^i^kZ^c^ihVccjVaXVh]^cXZci^kZhVcY h]VgZ"WVhZY^cXZci^kZh gZlVgYadc\iZgbhjhiV^cVWaZXdbeVcneZg[dgbVcXZ gZiV^chZc^dgZbeadnZZh ZchjgZi]ViZmZXji^kZhh]VgZVh^\c^[^XVciaZkZad[ eZghdcVag^h`Vadc\l^i]i]Z\gdjeÉhh]VgZ]daYZgh H]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZi^ZgZYeVn"djih I^bZa^cZ ' eVn"djid[ nZVgÉhVlVgY HZeiZbWZg[daadl^c\i]ZnZVg^cl]^X]^i^hZVgcZY *% BVgX][daadl^c\i]ZnZVg^cl]^X]^i^hZVgcZY *% I]ZlZ^\]iZYXdbW^cVi^dcVahdVaadlhi]Zedh^i^kZhVcY cZ\Vi^kZhd[VcndcZZaZbZci^hhjZY^c^hdaVi^dcidd[[hZi ZVX]di]Zg# AI>E:A:B:CI H6GhÄ699G:HHH=6G:EG>8: E:G;DGB6C8:H=6G:HÄ 699G:HHG:IJGCH 7DCJHH=6G:HÄ 699G:HHE:G;DGB6C8: :A><>7>A>IN :mZXji^kZY^gZXidgh!egZhXg^WZY d[[^XZgh!hZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci EViZghdc\gVY^c\9";# :mZXji^kZY^gZXidgh!egZhXg^WZY d[[^XZghVcYhZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci EViZghdc\gVYZ:";# :mZXji^kZY^gZXidgh!egZhXg^WZY d[[^XZgh!VcYhZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci EViZghdc\gVYZ9";# K:HI>C< E:G>D9 I]gZZnZVgh[gdbYViZd[ VaadXVi^dc!^cZfjVaigVcX]Zh dci]Zi]^gY![djgi]VcY[^[i] Vcc^kZghVg^Zh# Dci]Zi]^gYVcc^kZghVgnd[i]ZVlVgY idi]ZZmiZcii]VieZg[dgbVcXZ ^cY^XVidghVgZbZi# Dci]Zi]^gYVcc^kZghVgn# E:G;DGB6C8: 8G>I:G>6 H]VgZeg^XZjcYZge^ccZYgZaVi^kZ idhig^`Zeg^XZ# I]ZVkZgV\ZVccjVagZijgcdcXVe^iVa GD8^ci]Zi]gZZ"nZVgeZg^dYedhi i]ZVlVgYVcYi]ZidiVah]VgZ]daYZg gZijgcIHGl]ZcXdbeVgZYidV \gdjed[eZZghdkZgi]ZhVbZeZg^dY# 8dcY^i^dcVadcandcXdci^cjZY ZbeadnbZciVcYWZ^c\^c\ddY hiVcY^c\l^i]i]Zdg\Vc^hVi^dc# I:GB>C6I>DC ÆCd"[Vjaid[ZbeadnZZ iZgb^cVi^dcÇÄVaaH6Gh! gZ\VgYaZhhd[l]Zi]ZgkZhiZYdg cdi!l^aaWZhZiiaZYWni]Z\gdje# ÆCd"[Vjaid[ZbeadnZZiZgb^cVi^dcÇ ÄeZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZhl^aaWZ egd"gViZYdkZgi]ZeZg^dY[gdb\gVci YViZidiZgb^cVi^dcYViZVh^[i]Z iVg\ZieZg[dgbVcXZXg^iZg^VlZgZbZi ViYViZd[iZgb^cVi^dcVcYhZiiaZYWn i]Z\gdje# ÆCd"[Vjaid[ZbeadnZZ iZgb^cVi^dcÇÄVaaWdcjhh]VgZh l^aagZXZ^kZVXXZaZgViZYkZhi^c\ VcYi]ZhZl^aaWZhZiiaZYWni]Z \gdjedch]VgZhi]VilZgZ \gVciZY# Æ;Vjaid[ZbeadnZZiZgb^cVi^dcdg gZh^\cVi^dcÇÄVaaH6Ghcdi kZhiZYl^aaWZXVcXZaaZY# Æ;Vjaid[ZbeadnZZiZgb^cVi^dcdg gZh^\cVi^dcÇÄVaajckZhiZY eZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZhl^aaWZ XVcXZaaZY# H:IIA:B:CI HZiiaZYi]gdj\]Zfj^in# HZiiaZYi]gdj\]Zfj^in# 6h[VgVh^hegVXi^XVa!hZiiaZY i]gdj\]XVh]# GZijgcdci]Z\gdjeÉhXVe^iVaGD8# IHGgZaVi^kZidc^cZeZZgh# 7VhZYdci]Zh]dgiiZgb bZVhjgZhd[ZVgc^c\h!XVh] \ZcZgVi^dc!gZijgcdcXVe^iVa! cdc"higViZ\^XXg^iZg^VVcY ^cY^k^YjVaeZg[dgbVcXZ# H6GhcdiZmZgX^hZYWni]Z h^mi]Vcc^kZghVgnYViZaVehZ# 6<G::9 E:G;DGB6C8: B:6HJG:H I]ZH6GhVgZhZa["gZ\jaViZY Wni]Zh]VgZeg^XZi]Vi^h bVg`Zi"Yg^kZc# Æ;Vjaid[ZbeadnZZiZgb^cVi^dc dggZh^\cVi^dcÇÄVaajckZhiZY Wdcjhh]VgZhl^aaWZXVcXZaaZY# GZ[ZgideV\Z&(&# =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY HjbbVgnd[gZheZXi^kZAI>EZaZbZcih 6Æcd[Vjaid[ZbeadnZZiZgb^cVi^dcÇldjaYWZ[dggZi^gZbZci!Y^hVW^a^in!YZVi]VcYgZigZcX]bZciVcYVÆ[Vjaid[ZbeadnZZiZgb^cVi^dcdggZh^\cVi^dcÇldjaYWZ[dg Y^hb^hhVaYjZidb^hXdcYjXidgeddgeZg[dgbVcXZdggZh^\cVi^dcWni]ZZbeadnZZ# :beadnZZVcY Y^gZXidgXdcigVXih d[ZbeadnbZci EZgbVcZciZbeadnZZhh^\cVc ZbeadnbZciXdcigVXii]ViXdbea^Zh l^i]i]ZaVWdjgaVlgZfj^gZbZcihd[ i]ZXdjcignd[ZbeadnbZci#I]Z8:D! \gdjeZmZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZbZbWZgh! XajhiZg!hZ\bZciVcYXdgedgViZ Y^gZXidghd[i]Zdg\Vc^hVi^dc]VkZV gZi^gZbZciV\Zd[+%!l]^X]^hgZ[aZXi^kZ d[ldg`^c\XdcY^i^dchVcYbVg`Zi WZcX]bVg`^c\VihZc^dgVcYZmZXji^kZ aZkZah#6aadi]ZgZbeadnZZhVgZ gZfj^gZYidgZi^gZVi+*# I=:CDI>8:E:G>D9D;:BEADN::H>H 6H;DAADLH/ :beadnZZh/ DcZbdci] HZ\bZciY^gZXidgh/ Ildbdci]h <ZcZgVabVcV\Zgh!bVcV\^c\ Y^gZXidgh!ZmZXji^kZh!Xdbb^iiZZ bZbWZghVcYZmZXji^kZY^gZXidgh/ I]gZZbdci]h &'. DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcXdci^cjZY ;'%&*AI>EVlVgYh I]ZVlVgYb^m[dg;'%&*l^aaWZVh[daadlh/ G:L6G9 HIG6I:<NÄ>C8:CI>K: E6NB>M G:8DBB:C9:9EDA>8NÄ;68:K6AJ:<G6CIH H]VgZ VeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]ih EZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZh@iVg\Zi 7dcjhh]VgZh <gdje^c\ eZg _dWineZh EVgi^X^eVci cjbWZgh AI>E :meZXiZYkVajZ ZmegZhhZYVhV d[I8I8 & ( NZh ,' (' '-#% &'#% ' ( NZh +' (' &-#+ &&#) ( * NZh +' (' &%#% &&#) ) '' NZh *' (' &%#% &%#% * - NZh *' (' &%#% &%#% + .+ NZh )' (' Ä &%#% ;VXZkVajZVhVd[8I8 6[iZgi]gZZ"nZVgkZhi^c\eZg^dY# L]ZcVeVgi^X^eVciZmZgX^hZhVh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]i!i]Z kVajZi]ViVXXgjZhidi]ZeVgi^X^eVci^hi]Zedh^i^kZ\V^c VeegZX^Vi^dcd[i]Zh]VgZVWdkZi]Zhig^`Zeg^XZ#6hi]ZgZlVgY VhhdX^ViZYl^i]VH6GgZfj^gZhedh^i^kZh]VgZeg^XZ\gdli]!i]ZgZ ^hVbZVhjgZd[h]VgZ]daYZgVa^\cbZciVcY$dgeZg[dgbVcXZ# CdVYY^i^dcVaeZg[dgbVcXZbZVhjgZ^hVeea^ZY# EZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZh I]ZgZbXdVYdeiZYildbZVhjgZh!l]^X]VgZgZijgcdcXVe^iVa GD8VcYidiVah]VgZ]daYZggZijgcIHG#I]ZVlVgYd[ eZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZh^hdcVcZfjVaWVh^hidi]ZYZ\gZZi]Vi i]Z\gdjebZZihi]ZXg^iZg^VWZadl/ &# 6 cVkZgV\Zd[GD8[dgi]Zi]gZZ"nZVgeZg^dYedhi VaadXVi^dcd[i]ZVlVgY!l^i]Vb^c^bjbi]gZh]daY d[&&#+# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) '# 6 cVkZgV\Zd[IHG[dgi]Zi]gZZ"nZVgeZg^dYedhi VaadXVi^dcd[i]ZVlVgY!l^i]i]ZXVkZVii]Vii]Z\gdje VX]^ZkZhcdaZhhi]VcZ^\]i]edh^i^dcdjid[VYZ[^cZY eZZg\gdje# &(% <_hijbo"gZijgcdcXVe^iVaiVg\Zihl^aaWZhZii]Viegdk^YZ[dg/ 6i]gZh]daYi]ZL688#EZg[dgbVcXZWZadli]Vil^aagZhjai ^coZgdkZhi^c\ 6iVg\Zi#EZg[dgbVcXZV\V^chii]^hl^aagZhjai^ci]ZiVg\ZiZY kZhi^c\^ciZgbhd[i]ZZmeZXiZYgZlVgYhigViZ\neVnb^m 6bVm^bjbeZg[dgbVcXZVil]^X]i]gZZi^bZhi]ZiVg\ZiZY cjbWZgl^aakZhi Egd"gViZYkZhi^c\WZilZZci]ZhZed^cih I[YedZbo"idiVah]VgZ]daYZggZijgcIHGl^aaWZXdbeVgZY V\V^chiVeZZg\gdjed[XdbeVc^Zh/ 6i]gZh]daYd[ViaZVhiZ^\]i]edh^i^dcV\V^chii]ZeZZg\gdje 6b^Y"ed^cieVniVg\ZiVX]^ZkZYVi[^[i]edh^i^dcV\V^chii]Z eZZg\gdje#EZg[dgbVcXZV\V^chii]^hl^aagZhjai^ci]Z iVg\ZiZYkZhi^c\^ciZgbhd[i]ZZmeZXiZYgZlVgYhigViZ\n eVnb^m 6bVm^bjbiVg\ZiVX]^ZkZYVi[^ghidghZXdcYedh^i^dc V\V^chii]ZeZZg\gdje Egd"gViZYkZhi^c\WZilZZci]ZhZed^cih I]Zha^Y^c\hXVaZeVn"djil^aaWZVeea^ZYVheZgi]Zild \gVe]h#I]ZbV^cWdVgYd[Y^gZXidghVcYi]ZgZbXdl^aagZk^hZ i]ZeZg[dgbVcXZXg^iZg^VVccjVaan[dg[jijgZ\gVcihVcYl^aa Xdbbjc^XViZi]^hegdVXi^kZan!eg^dgidi]Z\gVci!^ci]Z VccjVagZbjcZgVi^dcgZedgi# Vesting vs return on capital 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.8 )!(%!$(&(*'(#,$"# %&$&"##$#)''&' AI>EE:G;DGB6C8:8G>I:G>6 H6Gh 2.4 2.0 1.6 1.2 0.86 0.57 0.29 0 0 )!(%!$(&(*'(#,$"# %&$&"##$#)''&' Vesting vs TSR positioning to comparator group 3.0 3.0 8DB7>C>C<I=:H:E:G;DGB6C8: 8G>I:G>6G:HJAIH>C6G:L6G96C9 G:I:CI>DCHIG6I:<N76H:9DC6 ;JAAHE:8IGJBD;H=6G:!HIG6I:<>8 6C9DE:G6I>DC6AE:G;DGB6C8:# I=:<GDJE7:A>:K:HI=>H:CHJG:H H=6G:=DA9:G6A><CB:CI# 2.33 1.67 1.0 0.75 0.50 0 0 %$'($###&!($#($$"%&($&&$)% 7dcjhh]VgZh 7dcjhh]VgZhVgZVbZVchd[gZiZci^dcVcYVgZWVhZYdceZg[dgbVcXZ^ci]ZegZXZY^c\[^cVcX^VanZVgVii]ZYViZd[i]ZVaadXVi^dc# I]^hVaadXVi^dcl^aaWZWVhZYdci]Zh]dgiiZgb$VccjVa^cXZci^kZbZVhjgZh!l]^X]^cXajYZbZZi^c\i]Z\gdjeÉhVccjVa^ciZgcVaiVg\Zih ^cZVX]d[i]ZXViZ\dg^ZhWZadl/ Egd[^i WZ[dgZiVm ;gZZXVh] \ZcZgViZY :beadnbZciZfj^in VcYZciZgeg^hZ VcYhjeea^Zg YZkZadebZci 6a^\cbZci id\gdjehjeean X]V^chigViZ\n >cY^k^YjVa eZg[dgbVcXZ (* &* '% &% '% 9JG6I>DCD;I=:H8=:B: >i^hZck^hV\ZYi]Vii]ZhX]ZbZl^aa]VkZ[^kZVccjVad[[Zghl^i] VXdbW^cVi^dcd[VaadXVi^dchd[H6Gh!VlVgYhd[eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZhVcY\gVcihd[Wdcjhh]VgZh#I]Z^cY^k^YjVaH6G^hhjZh aVehZV[iZgh^mnZVgh^[cdiZmZgX^hZY# CDC":M:8JI>K:9>G:8IDGHÉ;::H I]ZgZbXdgZk^Zlhi]ZVccjVa^cXgZVhZhd[cdc"ZmZXji^kZ Y^gZXidghÉ[ZZhVcYgZXdbbZcYhi]ZhZidi]ZWdVgY#I]ZWdVgY d[Y^gZXidgh^cijgcgZXdbbZcYhi]Z[ZZh[dgVeegdkVaWn h]VgZ]daYZghVii]Z6<B#I]Z;'%&)[ZZhlZgZVeegdkZYVii]Z CdkZbWZg'%&(6<BVcYi]ZgZXdbbZcYZY[ZZhX]ZYjaZ[dg ;'%&*^hY^hXadhZYdceV\Z&)(VcYegZhZciZYidh]VgZ]daYZgh [dgXdch^YZgVi^dcVcYVeegdkVal^i]i]Z[dgbd[egdmnV]ZVYd[ i]ZCdkZbWZg'%&)6<B# I]ZX]V^geZghdcd[i]ZWdVgY^hgZbjcZgViZYWVhZYdcV[^mZY [ZZ[dgi]ZnZVg#I]ZgZbV^cYZgd[i]Zcdc"ZmZXji^kZWdVgY bZbWZghgZXZ^kZVWVhZ[ZZ[dgi]Z^gbV^cWdVgYbZbWZgh]^e =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY 0.25 VcYVcViiZcYVcXZ[ZZeZgbZZi^c\#>cVYY^i^dc!i]ZX]V^geZghdch d[ZVX]hjW"Xdbb^iiZZd[i]ZWdVgYgZXZ^kZV[^mZY[ZZ[dgi]^h gdaZ#BZbWZghd[hjW"Xdbb^iiZZhgZXZ^kZVcViiZcYVcXZ[ZZeZg bZZi^c\#6aacdc"ZmZXji^kZWdVgYbZbWZghVgZ^ck^iZYViiZcYZZh idhjW"Xdbb^iiZZbZZi^c\h#L]ZgZVcdc"ZmZXji^kZWdVgY bZbWZgViiZcYhVhjW"Xdbb^iiZZbZZi^c\VhVc^ck^iZZ!i]Zn gZXZ^kZVcViiZcYVcXZ[ZZ^ca^cZl^i]i]ZbZbWZgh# 7dVgYbZbWZghdcangZXZ^kZ[ZZh[dgbZZi^c\h^cl]^X]i]ZnVgZ ^cViiZcYVcXZ# I]ZgZbXdegdedhZYVc^cXgZVhZd[,[dgi]Zcdc"ZmZXji^kZ Y^gZXidghÉ[ZZh# 6i]^gYd[cdc"ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidghVgZgZfj^gZYidgZi^gZdcVc VccjVaWVh^h!WjiXVcd[[Zgi]ZbhZakZh[dggZ"ZaZXi^dc#I]Z YZiZgb^cVi^dcd[XVcY^YViZh[dggZi^gZbZci^h^c[dgbZYWni]Z adc\Zhi"hiVcY^c\hZgk^c\Y^gZXidg#I]ZgZ[dgZ!YZeZcY^c\dci]Z h^oZd[i]ZWdVgY!i]^hbVnigVchaViZidgZi^gZbZcidcVild"dg i]gZZ"nZVgWVh^h# &(& DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcXdci^cjZY * ADD@>C<;DGL6G9 I]ZAI>EVa^\chi]Z^ciZgZhihd[ h]VgZ]daYZghl^i]bVcV\ZbZciVcY ^i^h^bedgiVcii]Vii]Ze]^adhde]n VcYbZX]Vc^XhgZfj^gZYidVX]^ZkZ i]^hVa^\cbZciVgZ[jaanjcYZghiddY# L^i]i]ZZhiVWa^h]bZcid[i]Z\gdjeÉhXZcigVa^ciZ\gViZY ZbeadnZZhZgk^XZhjc^iVii]Z\gdjeÉhcZl^ciZ\gViZY XZcigVad[[^XZYjg^c\i]ZnZVg!i]Z[dXjhl^aaWZdc Zchjg^c\Z[[^X^ZcX^ZhVcYhiVcYVgY^hVi^dcWZilZZc Wjh^cZhhZhdcVaa]jbVcgZhdjgXZVYb^c^higVi^dc# LZl^aaVahdZchjgZ\gZViZgXdch^hiZcXnWZilZZc gZbjcZgVi^dcegVXi^XZhdcadXVaVcY^ciZgcVi^dcVah^iZh# <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) LZl^aa[jgi]ZggZ[^cZdjgEViZghdc\gVY^c\hnhiZbWn VcVanh^c\\gVYZhVcYa^c`^c\i]ZbidfjVa^[^XVi^dch! ZmeZg^ZcXZVcYgZhedch^W^a^in#I]^hl^aagZhjai^cbdgZ ^c[dgbZYYZX^h^dchdcegdbdi^dchVcYXVgZZg YZkZadebZcideedgijc^i^Zh#I]Z^cigdYjXi^dcd[i]^h bZi]dYdad\nVXgdhhi]Z\gdjel^aaWZbVg`Zi"aZVY^c\ ^ci]ZXdchigjXi^dc^cYjhign# &(' >i^hZmeZXiZYi]VicZ\di^Vi^dchl^i]aVWdjgjc^dch l^aagZbV^cX]VaaZc\^c\!Vhi]ZigZcYXdci^cjZh[dg h^\c^[^XVcian]^\]Zg^cXgZVhZYZbVcYhi]Vcl]Vi^h V[[dgYVWaZidXdbeVc^Zh#Jc^dchl^aaVahdYZbVcY i]ViejWa^XhZXidgXa^ZcihWZXdbZ^ckdakZY^c cZ\di^Vi^dchYjZidi]ZejWa^XhZXidgVW^a^inid ^chigjXi^cXgZVhZh^cVYY^i^dcidaZ\^haViZYb^c^bjbh dcXdcigVXihd[cVi^dcVahigViZ\^X^bedgiVcXZ# I]^hl^aagZfj^gZXVgZ[jabVcV\ZbZciidegZkZci egZXZYZcihi]ViWZXdbZY^[[^XjaiidbVcV\Zdc di]ZgXdcigVXih# L^i]X]Vc\ZhZck^hV\ZY^caZ\^haVi^dc!ZheZX^Vaan ÆZfjVaeVn[dgZfjValdg`Çl^i]^ci]Z:beadnbZci :fj^in6Xi!^i^hXg^i^XVai]Vii]ZgZ^hVgZ\jaVggZk^Zl d[Y^[[ZgZcXZh^ceVnVcYi]Vii]ZhZY^[[ZgZcXZh VgZXaZVganjcYZghiddYVcYgZXdgYZY#L]^ahibjX] ldg`]VhWZZcYdcZWni]Z\gdjedci]^h!lZl^aa ZchjgZi]ViVYdXjbZciZYVjY^iig^Va^h^ceaVXZid hjeedgi_jhi^[^VWaZY^[[ZgZcXZhVcYidgZbdkZVcn jc_jhi^[^VWaZY^[[ZgZcXZhl]ZgZi]ZnZm^hi# &(( =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcXdci^cjZY + 7G:6@9DLCD;G:BJC:G6I>DCE68@6<:H I]Z[daadl^c\eV\Zhdjia^cZ^c[dgbVi^dcdci]ZidiVagZbjcZgVi^dceVX`V\Zhd[i]Z8:D!8;DVcYegZhXg^WZY d[[^XZgheZggZbjcZgVi^dcnZVgl]^X]Vi<gdje;^kZgjch[gdbBVgX]id;ZWgjVgnZVX]nZVg#LZ^cY^XViZi]Z idiVaXdhiidXdbeVcneZgZbeadnZZ!VhlZaaVh]dli]^h^heV^Ydji# C_a[Kfjed8:D :A:B:CIHD; G:BJC:G6I>DC 6EEA>867A: E:G>D9 8DHIID 8DBE6CN GÉ%%% >C;'%&) I>B>C<D;E6N"DJIH& ;'%&) ((d[ ((d[ H6GVlVgY H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&%! ^c;'%&&! ;'%&&!;'%&'! ;'%&'!;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ZmZgX^hVWaZ Bed]j[hc _dY[dj_l[fbWd H]VgZ VeegZX^Vi^dc g^\]iH6G EZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZh H 6G\gVciZY [gdb;'%&% id;'%&) E Zg[dgbVcXZ VcYWdcjh h]VgZh\gVciZY ^c;'%&) ;'%&* &&))' 7dcjhh]VgZh ;'%&+ ;'%&, ;'%&- ;'%&. ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&'! ;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&(! ;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi &%%d[Wdcjh h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&) I]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVhiVcYVgYVaadXVi^dcd[H6Gh!eZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZhVcYWdcjhh]VgZh^ca^cZl^i]i]ZAI>Eeda^Xn# I^ehjj[hc _dY[dj_l[ *''. 6ccjVa h]dgiiZgb ^cXZci^kZ ;'%&(( )-+. ;'%&') )-+. (+% I]Z\gdjegZedgiZYhda^YZVgc^c\h!\ddYXVh]\ZcZgVi^dcVcYVc^begdkZbZci^cgZijgchVcYhigViZ\negd\gZhh^dc#I]Z8:DÉheZg[dgbVcXZ ZmXZZYZYiVg\Zih^c.%d[]^h`ZneZg[dgbVcXZ^cY^XVidghVcYi]Z\gdje^h^cVhigdc\edh^i^dcid[jgi]Zgegd\gZhhi]Zgdaadjid[^ihhigViZ\n# 7VhZYdci]^h!i]ZgZbXdVlVgYZYVcHI>d[G)-+.%%%# 8Wi[fWo <jVgVciZZY idiVaXdhiid XdbeVcn BVgX]'%&( Ä;ZW'%&)* )')* BVgX]'%&) Ä;ZW'%&** )*.' ),),+ <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) 7VhZYdci]ZgZhjaihd[V8:DWZcX]bVg`^c\ZmZgX^hZVcYi]Z8:DÉheZg[dgbVcXZV\V^chiiVg\ZiZYYZa^kZgVWaZhhZiWni]ZWdVgY!i]Z8:DlVh VlVgYZYVc^cXgZVhZ[gdbG)')*%%%idG)*.'%%%# &() JejWbh[ckd[hWj_edfWYaW][ H[j[dj_edWmWhZ <(&')je<(&'* //-, ,'' >ci]ZVWhZcXZd[V;'%&'adc\iZgb^cXZci^kZeaVc!i]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVgZiZci^dcVlVgYd[G(-).%%%^c;'%&(#I]ZgZiZci^dceZg^dYlVh[dgildnZVgh!l^i] WZcZ[^ihVXXgj^c\^c;'%&([dgG(!&b^aa^dcVcY^c;'%&)[dgG,''%%%# IdiVagZbjcZgVi^dceV^Y^c;'%&) & ' ( ) * + , &%+.-, GZ[Zghidi]Z[^cVcX^VaeZg^dY^cl]^X]i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgYZY^hVXijVaaneV^Yidi]ZZbeadnZZ$ZbeadnZZgZXZ^kZhi]ZWZcZ[^i# GZ[Zghidi]ZXdhiidi]ZXdbeVcnd[VlVgY^c\i]ZZbeadnZZVh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]i!YZiZgb^cZYWni]Z>;GH'Xdhi[dgi]ZheZX^[^XVaadXVi^dc# GZ[Zghidi]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZVlVgYZY!gZaVi^c\idi]ZbdhigZXZci[^cVcX^VanZVgXdbeaZiZY# I]ZhZXdcYigVcX]ZeVn"djid[i]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZWdcjh[gdbi]Z;'%&'Zci^iaZbZci# GZ[Zghidi]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgY\gVciZYVccjVaanZ[[ZXi^kZVii]ZhiVgid[i]Z\gdjeÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcnZVg^cBVgX]# 6cnY^[[ZgZcXZWZilZZc\jVgVciZZYXdhiidXdbeVcnVcYgZbjcZgVi^dcVXijVaaneV^Y^hYjZidkVg^VWaZWZcZ[^iheV^Y!VhlZaaVhVY]dXadc\hZgk^XZgZaViZYVlVgYh# I]Z;'%&)eVn"djiV\gZZhideV\Z&))# 9h_ij_dW<h[_jWiJ[_n[_hW8;D 6EEA>867A: E:G>D9 I>B>C<D;E6N"DJIH& ;'%&) ((d[ ((d[ H6GVlVgY H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&%! ^c;'%&&! ;'%&&!;'%&'! ;'%&'!;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ZmZgX^hVWaZ Bed]j[hc _dY[dj_l[fbWd H]VgZ VeegZX^Vi^dc g^\]iH6G EZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZh H6G\gVciZY [gdb;'%&% id;'%&) EZg[dgbVcXZ VcYWdcjh h]VgZh\gVciZY ^c;'%&) ;'%&* -%+' 7dcjhh]VgZh ;'%&+ ;'%&, ;'%&- ;'%&. ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&'! ;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&(! ;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi &%%d[Wdcjh h]VgZVlVgY^c ;'%&) I]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVhiVcYVgYVaadXVi^dcd[H6Gh!eZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZhVcYWdcjhh]VgZh^ca^cZl^i]i]ZAI>Eeda^Xn# I^ehjj[hc _dY[dj_l[ ',(& 6ccjVa h]dgiiZgb ^cXZci^kZ ;'%&(( '(,& ;'%&') '(,& (+% I]Z\gdjegZedgiZYVhigdc\^begdkZbZci^c[^cVcX^VagZhjaih!l]^aZi]Z\gdjeÉh[^cVcX^VagZedgi^c\VcY[^cVcX^VaXdcigdahgZbV^c]^\]angZ\VgYZY# >cVYY^i^dc!i]Z8;DÉheZg[dgbVcXZV\V^chi`ZneZg[dgbVcXZ^cY^XVidgiVg\ZihZmXZZYZYZmeZXiVi^dch[dgbdhibZVhjgZh#7VhZYdci]^h!i]ZgZbXd VlVgYZYVcHI>d[G'(,&%%%# =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY :A:B:CIHD; G:BJC:G6I>DC 8DHIID 8DBE6CN GÉ%%% >C;'%&) 8Wi[fWo <jVgVciZZY idiVaXdhiid XdbeVcn BVgX]'%&( Ä;ZW'%&)* ',%% BVgX]'%&) Ä;ZW'%&** (%'& ',).+ 7VhZYdci]ZgZhjaihd[V8;DWZcX]bVg`^c\ZmZgX^hZVcYi]Z8;DÉheZg[dgbVcXZV\V^chi`ZneZg[dgbVcXZ^cY^XVidghhZiWni]ZWdVgY!i]Z8;D lVhVlVgYZYVc^cXgZVhZ[gdbG',%%%%%idG(%'&%%%# JejWbh[ckd[hWj_edfWYaW][ H[j[dj_edWmWhZ <(&')je<(&'* +*.& Ä >ci]ZVWhZcXZd[V;'%&'adc\iZgb^cXZci^kZeaVc!i]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVgZiZci^dcVlVgYd[G'-+,%%%^c;'%&(#I]ZgZiZci^dceZg^dYlVh[dgildnZVgh!l^i] WZcZ[^ihVXXgj^c\[jaan^c;'%&([dgG'!.b^aa^dc# IdiVagZbjcZgVi^dceV^Y^c;'%&) & ' ( ) * + , *)-%, GZ[Zghidi]Z[^cVcX^VaeZg^dY^cl]^X]i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgYZY^hVXijVaaneV^Yidi]ZZbeadnZZ$ZbeadnZZgZXZ^kZhi]ZWZcZ[^i# GZ[Zghidi]ZXdhiidi]ZXdbeVcnd[VlVgY^c\i]ZZbeadnZZVh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]i!YZiZgb^cZYWni]Z>;GH'Xdhi[dgi]ZheZX^[^XVaadXVi^dc# GZ[Zghidi]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZVlVgYZY!gZaVi^c\idi]ZbdhigZXZci[^cVcX^VanZVgXdbeaZiZY# I]ZhZXdcYigVcX]ZeVn"djid[i]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZWdcjh[gdbi]Z;'%&'Zci^iaZbZci# GZ[Zghidi]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgY\gVciZYVccjVaanZ[[ZXi^kZVii]ZhiVgid[i]Z\gdjeÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcnZVg^cBVgX]# 6cnY^[[ZgZcXZWZilZZc\jVgVciZZYXdhiidXdbeVcnVcYgZbjcZgVi^dcVXijVaaneV^Y^hYjZidkVg^VWaZWZcZ[^iheV^Y!VhlZaaVhVY]dXadc\hZgk^XZgZaViZYVlVgYh# I]Z;'%&)eVn"djiV\gZZhideV\Z&))# &(* DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcXdci^cjZY Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h& :A:B:CIHD; G:BJC:G6I>DC 6EEA>867A: E:G>D9 8DHIID 8DBE6CN GÉ%%% >C;'%&) I>B>C<D;E6N"DJIH& ;'%&) ((d[ ((d[ H6GVlVgY H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&%! ^c;'%&&! ;'%&&!;'%&'! ;'%&'!;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ZmZgX^hVWaZ Bed]j[hc _dY[dj_l[fbWd H]VgZ VeegZX^Vi^dc g^\]iH6G EZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZh H 6G\gVciZY [gdb;'%&% id;'%&) E Zg[dgbVcXZ VcYWdcjh h]VgZh\gVciZY ^c;'%&) ;'%&* .('' 7dcjhh]VgZh ;'%&+ ;'%&, ;'%&- ;'%&. ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&'! ;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&(! ;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi &%%d[Wdcjh h]VgZVlVgY^c ;'%&) I]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVhiVcYVgYVaadXVi^dcd[H6Gh!eZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZhVcYWdcjhh]VgZh^ca^cZl^i]i]ZAI>Eeda^Xn# I^ehjj[hc _dY[dj_l[ '+'% 6ccjVa h]dgiiZgb ^cXZci^kZ ;'%&( ( '()% ;'%&') '()% '-% I]^hegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgÉhedgi[da^dYZa^kZgZYV\V^chiZmeZXiVi^dchVcYi]ZeaVi[dgb]VYWZZchZiidYZa^kZgV\V^chii]Z\gdjeÉhhigViZ\n#6hVgZhjai! i]ZegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZglVhVlVgYZYVcHI>d[G'()%%%%# 8Wi[fWo <jVgVciZZY idiVaXdhiid XdbeVcn BVgX]'%&( Ä;ZW'%&)* (%%% BVgX]'%&) Ä;ZW'%&** (''+ (&&*+ I]ZegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgÉheZg[dgbVcXZlVh^ca^cZl^i]ZmeZXiVi^dchVcY]^hXdhiidXdbeVcn8I8lVhl^i]^ci]ZWVcYgVc\Z[dgi]^hedh^i^dc# 6hVgZhjai!Vc^cXgZVhZ^c8I8[gdbG(%%%%%%idG(''+%%%lVhVlVgYZY# JejWbh[ckd[hWj_edfWYaW][ H[j[dj_edWmWhZ <(&')je<(&'* +-)+ Ä <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) >ci]ZVWhZcXZd[V;'%&'adc\iZgb^cXZci^kZeaVc!i]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVgZiZci^dcVlVgYd[G(+'.%%%^c;'%&(#I]ZgZiZci^dceZg^dYlVh[dgildnZVgh!l^i] WZcZ[^ihVXXgj^c\[jaan^c;'%&([dgG(!+b^aa^dc# &(+ IdiVagZbjcZgVi^dceV^Y^c;'%&) & ' ( ) * + , *,(*, GZ[Zghidi]Z[^cVcX^VaeZg^dY^cl]^X]i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgYZY^hVXijVaaneV^Yidi]ZZbeadnZZ$ZbeadnZZgZXZ^kZhi]ZWZcZ[^i# Z[Zghidi]ZXdhiidi]ZXdbeVcnd[VlVgY^c\i]ZZbeadnZZVh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]i!YZiZgb^cZYWni]Z>;GH'Xdhi[dgi]ZheZX^[^XVaadXVi^dc# G GZ[Zghidi]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZVlVgYZY!gZaVi^c\idi]ZbdhigZXZci[^cVcX^VanZVgXdbeaZiZY# I]ZhZXdcYigVcX]ZeVn"djid[i]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZWdcjh[gdbi]Z;'%&'Zci^iaZbZci# GZ[Zghidi]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgY\gVciZYVccjVaanZ[[ZXi^kZVii]ZhiVgid[i]Z\gdjeÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcnZVg^cBVgX]# 6cnY^[[ZgZcXZWZilZZc\jVgVciZZYXdhiidXdbeVcnVcYgZbjcZgVi^dcVXijVaaneV^Y^hYjZidkVg^VWaZWZcZ[^iheV^Y!VhlZaaVhVY]dXadc\hZgk^XZgZaViZYVlVgYh# I]Z;'%&)eVn"djiV\gZZhideV\Z&))# Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h' 6EEA>867A: E:G>D9 I>B>C<D;E6N"DJIH& ;'%&) ((d[ ((d[ H6GVlVgY H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&%! ^c;'%&&! ;'%&&!;'%&'! ;'%&'!;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ZmZgX^hVWaZ Bed]j[hc _dY[dj_l[fbWd H]VgZ VeegZX^Vi^dc g^\]iH6G EZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZh H6G\gVciZY [gdb;'%&% id;'%&) EZg[dgbVcXZ VcYWdcjh h]VgZh\gVciZY ^c;'%&) ;'%&* .+*' 7dcjhh]VgZh ;'%&+ ;'%&, ;'%&- ;'%&. ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&'! ;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&(! ;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi &%%d[Wdcjh h]VgZVlVgY^c ;'%&) I]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVhiVcYVgYVaadXVi^dcd[H6Gh!eZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZhVcYWdcjhh]VgZh^ca^cZl^i]i]ZAI>Eeda^Xn# I^ehjj[hc _dY[dj_l[ ',&% 6ccjVa h]dgiiZgb ^cXZci^kZ ;'%&( ( ')(% ;'%&') ')(% '-% I]^hegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgÉhedgi[da^dYZa^kZgZYlZaaV\V^chiZmeZXiVi^dchVcYi]ZXadhZdjidcX]VaaZc\Zhidi]Z\gdjeVhh^\cZYidi]^h^cY^k^YjValVh eaZVh^c\#6hVgZhjai!i]ZegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZglVhVlVgYZYVcHI>d[G')(%%%%# 8Wi[fWo <jVgVciZZY idiVaXdhiid XdbeVcn BVgX]'%&( Ä;ZW'%&)* '.*) BVgX]'%&) Ä;ZW'%&** (&+& =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY :A:B:CIHD; G:BJC:G6I>DC 8DHIID 8DBE6CN GÉ%%% >C;'%&) ('&'+ I]ZegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgÉhhZ\bZcibZiZmeZXiVi^dchVcY]^h8I8lVhl^i]^ci]ZWVcYgVc\Z[dgi]^hedh^i^dc#6hVgZhjai!Vc^cXgZVhZ^c 8I8[gdbG'.*)%%%idG(&+&%%%lVhVlVgYZY# JejWbh[ckd[hWj_edfWYaW][ H[j[dj_edWmWhZ <(&')je<(&'* +//( Ä >ci]ZVWhZcXZd[V;'%&'adc\iZgb^cXZci^kZeaVc!i]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVgZiZci^dcVlVgYd[G(*,%%%%^c;'%&(#I]ZgZiZci^dceZg^dYlVh[dgildnZVgh!l^i] WZcZ[^ihVXXgj^c\[jaan^c;'%&([dgG(!+b^aa^dc# IdiVagZbjcZgVi^dceV^Y^c;'%&) & ' ( ) * + , *..', GZ[Zghidi]Z[^cVcX^VaeZg^dY^cl]^X]i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgYZY^hVXijVaaneV^Yidi]ZZbeadnZZ$ZbeadnZZgZXZ^kZhi]ZWZcZ[^i# GZ[Zghidi]ZXdhiidi]ZXdbeVcnd[VlVgY^c\i]ZZbeadnZZVh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]i!YZiZgb^cZYWni]Z>;GH'Xdhi[dgi]ZheZX^[^XVaadXVi^dc# GZ[Zghidi]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZVlVgYZY!gZaVi^c\idi]ZbdhigZXZci[^cVcX^VanZVgXdbeaZiZY# I]ZhZXdcYigVcX]ZeVn"djid[i]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZWdcjh[gdbi]Z;'%&'Zci^iaZbZci# GZ[Zghidi]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgY\gVciZYVccjVaanZ[[ZXi^kZVii]ZhiVgid[i]Z\gdjeÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcnZVg^cBVgX]# 6cnY^[[ZgZcXZWZilZZc\jVgVciZZYXdhiidXdbeVcnVcYgZbjcZgVi^dcVXijVaaneV^Y^hYjZidkVg^VWaZWZcZ[^iheV^Y!VhlZaaVhVY]dXadc\hZgk^XZgZaViZYVlVgYh# I]Z;'%&)eVn"djiV\gZZhideV\Z&))# &(, DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcXdci^cjZY Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h( :A:B:CIHD; G:BJC:G6I>DC 6EEA>867A: E:G>D9 8DHIID 8DBE6CN GÉ%%% >C;'%&) I>B>C<D;E6N"DJIH& ;'%&) ((d[ ((d[ H6GVlVgY H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&%! ^c;'%&&! ;'%&&!;'%&'! ;'%&'!;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ZmZgX^hVWaZ Bed]j[hc _dY[dj_l[fbWd H]VgZ VeegZX^Vi^dc g^\]iH6G EZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZh H 6G\gVciZY [gdb;'%&% id;'%&) E Zg[dgbVcXZ VcYWdcjh h]VgZh\gVciZY ^c;'%&) ;'%&* .(,' 7dcjhh]VgZh ;'%&+ ;'%&, ;'%&- ;'%&. ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&'! ;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&(! ;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi &%%d[Wdcjh h]VgZVlVgY^c ;'%&) I]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVhiVcYVgYVaadXVi^dcd[H6Gh!eZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZhVcYWdcjhh]VgZh^ca^cZl^i]i]ZAI>Eeda^Xn# I^ehjj[hc _dY[dj_l[ ()). 6ccjVa h]dgiiZgb ^cXZci^kZ ;'%&( ( '.'. ;'%&') '.'. *'% I]^hegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgÉhedgi[da^dYZa^kZgZYZmXZei^dcVaanlZaaV\V^chiZmeZXiVi^dch!l]^X]h^\c^[^XVcianXdcig^WjiZYidi]Z\gdjeÉhdkZgVaa eZg[dgbVcXZ#6hVgZhjai!i]ZegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZglVhVlVgYZYVcHI>d[G'.'.%%%# 8Wi[fWo <jVgVciZZY idiVaXdhiid XdbeVcn BVgX]'%&( Ä;ZW'%&)* (%%% BVgX]'%&) Ä;ZW'%&** (),' (()*+ I]Z^cY^k^YjVaÉheZg[dgbVcXZZmXZZYZYhZiZmeZXiVi^dch#6hVgZhjai!i]Z^cY^k^YjVaÉh8I8lVh^cXgZVhZY[gdbG(%%%%%%idG(),'%%%# JejWbh[ckd[hWj_edfWYaW][ H[j[dj_edWmWhZ <(&')je<(&'* ,-/* +), <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) >ci]ZVWhZcXZd[V;'%&'adc\iZgb^cXZci^kZeaVc!i]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVgZiZci^dcVlVgYd[G()*%%%%^c;'%&(#I]ZgZiZci^dceZg^dYlVh[dgildnZVgh!l^i] WZcZ[^ihVXXgj^c\^c;'%&([dgG'!-b^aa^dcVcY^c;'%&)[dgG+),%%%# &(- IdiVagZbjcZgVi^dceV^Y^c;'%&) & ' ( ) * + , ,))&, GZ[Zghidi]Z[^cVcX^VaeZg^dY^cl]^X]i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgYZY^hVXijVaaneV^Yidi]ZZbeadnZZ$ZbeadnZZgZXZ^kZhi]ZWZcZ[^i# Z[Zghidi]ZXdhiidi]ZXdbeVcnd[VlVgY^c\i]ZZbeadnZZVh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]i!YZiZgb^cZYWni]Z>;GH'Xdhi[dgi]ZheZX^[^XVaadXVi^dc# G GZ[Zghidi]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZVlVgYZY!gZaVi^c\idi]ZbdhigZXZci[^cVcX^VanZVgXdbeaZiZY# I]ZhZXdcYigVcX]ZeVn"djid[i]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZWdcjh[gdbi]Z;'%&'Zci^iaZbZci# GZ[Zghidi]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgY\gVciZYVccjVaanZ[[ZXi^kZVii]ZhiVgid[i]Z\gdjeÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcnZVg^cBVgX]# 6cnY^[[ZgZcXZWZilZZc\jVgVciZZYXdhiidXdbeVcnVcYgZbjcZgVi^dcVXijVaaneV^Y^hYjZidkVg^VWaZWZcZ[^iheV^Y!VhlZaaVhVY]dXadc\hZgk^XZgZaViZYVlVgYh# I]Z;'%&)eVn"djiV\gZZhideV\Z&))# Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h) 6EEA>867A: E:G>D9 I>B>C<D;E6N"DJIH& ;'%&) ((d[ ((d[ H6GVlVgY H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&%! ^c;'%&&! ;'%&&!;'%&'! ;'%&'!;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ZmZgX^hVWaZ Bed]j[hc _dY[dj_l[fbWd H]VgZ VeegZX^Vi^dc g^\]iH6G EZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZh H6G\gVciZY [gdb;'%&% id;'%&) EZg[dgbVcXZ VcYWdcjh h]VgZh\gVciZY ^c;'%&) ;'%&* .)(' 7dcjhh]VgZh ;'%&+ ;'%&, ;'%&- ;'%&. ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&'! ;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&(! ;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi &%%d[Wdcjh h]VgZVlVgY^c ;'%&) I]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVhiVcYVgYVaadXVi^dcd[H6Gh!eZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZhVcYWdcjhh]VgZh^ca^cZl^i]i]ZAI>Eeda^Xn# I^ehjj[hc _dY[dj_l[ '.)6ccjVa h]dgiiZgb ^cXZci^kZ ;'%&( ( ')+- ;'%&') ')+)-% I]^hegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgÉhXajhiZgbZiZmeZXiVi^dch!l^i]\ddY^begdkZbZcih^ci]Z[jcYVbZciVahd[ZVX]Wjh^cZhhl^i]^ci]^hXajhiZg#6hVgZhjai! i]ZegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZglVhVlVgYZYVcHI>d[G')+-%%%# 8Wi[fWo <jVgVciZZY idiVaXdhiid XdbeVcn BVgX]'%&( Ä;ZW'%&)* (&*% BVgX]'%&) Ä;ZW'%&** ((** =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY :A:B:CIHD; G:BJC:G6I>DC 8DHIID 8DBE6CN GÉ%%% >C;'%&) ()&)+ I]Z^cY^k^YjVaÉheZg[dgbVcXZbZihZiZmeZXiVi^dchVcYi]Z8I8d[i]Z^cY^k^YjValVhl^i]^ci]ZWVcY[dgi]ZgdaZ#6hVgZhjai!i]Z^cY^k^YjVaÉh 8I8lVh^cXgZVhZY[gdbG(&*%%%%idG((**%%%# JejWbh[ckd[hWj_edfWYaW][ H[j[dj_edWmWhZ <(&')je<(&'* ,),( ),% >ci]ZVWhZcXZd[V;'%&'adc\iZgb^cXZci^kZeaVc!i]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVgZiZci^dcVlVgYd[G'*%,%%%^c;'%&(#I]ZgZiZci^dceZg^dYlVh[dgildnZVghl^i] WZcZ[^ihVXXgj^c\^c;'%&([dgG'!%b^aa^dcVcY^c;'%&)[dgG),%%%%# IdiVagZbjcZgVi^dceV^Y^c;'%&) & ' ( ) * + , +-(', GZ[Zghidi]Z[^cVcX^VaeZg^dY^cl]^X]i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgYZY^hVXijVaaneV^Yidi]ZZbeadnZZ$ZbeadnZZgZXZ^kZhi]ZWZcZ[^i# GZ[Zghidi]ZXdhiidi]ZXdbeVcnd[VlVgY^c\i]ZZbeadnZZVh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]i!YZiZgb^cZYWni]Z>;GH'Xdhi[dgi]ZheZX^[^XVaadXVi^dc# GZ[Zghidi]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZVlVgYZY!gZaVi^c\idi]ZbdhigZXZci[^cVcX^VanZVgXdbeaZiZY# I]ZhZXdcYigVcX]ZeVn"djid[i]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZWdcjh[gdbi]Z;'%&'Zci^iaZbZci# GZ[Zghidi]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgY\gVciZYVccjVaanZ[[ZXi^kZVii]ZhiVgid[i]Z\gdjeÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcnZVg^cBVgX]# 6cnY^[[ZgZcXZWZilZZc\jVgVciZZYXdhiidXdbeVcnVcYgZbjcZgVi^dcVXijVaaneV^Y^hYjZidkVg^VWaZWZcZ[^iheV^Y!VhlZaaVhVY]dXadc\hZgk^XZgZaViZYVlVgYh# I]Z;'%&)eVn"djiV\gZZhideV\Z&))# &(. DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcXdci^cjZY Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h* :A:B:CIHD; G:BJC:G6I>DC 6EEA>867A: E:G>D9 8DHIID 8DBE6CN GÉ%%% >C;'%&) I>B>C<D;E6N"DJIH& ;'%&) ((d[ ((d[ H6GVlVgY H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&%! ^c;'%&&! ;'%&&!;'%&'! ;'%&'!;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ZmZgX^hVWaZ Bed]j[hc _dY[dj_l[fbWd H]VgZ VeegZX^Vi^dc g^\]iH6G EZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZh H 6G\gVciZY [gdb;'%&% id;'%&) E Zg[dgbVcXZ VcYWdcjh h]VgZh\gVciZY ^c;'%&) ;'%&* *)'' 7dcjhh]VgZh ;'%&+ ;'%&, ;'%&- ;'%&. ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&'! ;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&(! ;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi &%%d[Wdcjh h]VgZVlVgY^c ;'%&) I]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVhiVcYVgYVaadXVi^dcd[H6Gh!eZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZhVcYWdcjhh]VgZh^ca^cZl^i]i]ZAI>Eeda^Xn# I^ehjj[hc _dY[dj_l[ &%() 6ccjVa h]dgiiZgb ^cXZci^kZ ;'%&( ( -&- ;'%&') -&'&+ 6cHI>^ca^cZl^i]i]ZegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgÉhegZk^djhgdaZWZ[dgZWZ^c\egdbdiZYidi]ZZmZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZ^hgZ[aZXiZY# 8Wi[fWo <jVgVciZZY idiVaXdhiid XdbeVcn BVgX]'%&( Ä;ZW'%&)* &)%% BVgX]'%&) Ä;ZW'%&** '%%% &*.)+ 6c^cXgZVhZ^c8I8d[G'%%%%%%lVhVlVgYZY^ca^cZl^i]i]^hegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgÉhegdbdi^dcidi]ZZmZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZ# JejWbh[ckd[hWj_edfWYaW][ H[j[dj_edWmWhZ <(&')je<(&'* (,(. Ä <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) I]ZegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgY^YcdieVgi^X^eViZ^ci]ZgZiZci^dchX]ZbZVii]Zi^bZ# &)% IdiVagZbjcZgVi^dceV^Y^c;'%&) & ' ( ) * + , '+'-, GZ[Zghidi]Z[^cVcX^VaeZg^dY^cl]^X]i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgYZY^hVXijVaaneV^Yidi]ZZbeadnZZ$ZbeadnZZgZXZ^kZhi]ZWZcZ[^i# Z[Zghidi]ZXdhiidi]ZXdbeVcnd[VlVgY^c\i]ZZbeadnZZVh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]i!YZiZgb^cZYWni]Z>;GH'Xdhi[dgi]ZheZX^[^XVaadXVi^dc# G GZ[Zghidi]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZVlVgYZY!gZaVi^c\idi]ZbdhigZXZci[^cVcX^VanZVgXdbeaZiZY# I]ZhZXdcYigVcX]ZeVn"djid[i]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZWdcjh[gdbi]Z;'%&'Zci^iaZbZci# GZ[Zghidi]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgY\gVciZYVccjVaanZ[[ZXi^kZVii]ZhiVgid[i]Z\gdjeÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcnZVg^cBVgX]# 6cnY^[[ZgZcXZWZilZZc\jVgVciZZYXdhiidXdbeVcnVcYgZbjcZgVi^dcVXijVaaneV^Y^hYjZidkVg^VWaZWZcZ[^iheV^Y!VhlZaaVhVY]dXadc\hZgk^XZgZaViZYVlVgYh# I]Z;'%&)eVn"djiV\gZZhideV\Z&))# Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h+ 6EEA>867A: E:G>D9 I>B>C<D;E6N"DJIH& ;'%&) ((d[ ((d[ H6GVlVgY H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&%! ^c;'%&&! ;'%&&!;'%&'! ;'%&'!;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ZmZgX^hVWaZ Bed]j[hc _dY[dj_l[fbWd H]VgZ VeegZX^Vi^dc g^\]iH6G EZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZh H6G\gVciZY [gdb;'%&% id;'%&) EZg[dgbVcXZ VcYWdcjh h]VgZh\gVciZY ^c;'%&) ;'%&* ,-,' 7dcjhh]VgZh ;'%&+ ;'%&, ;'%&- ;'%&. ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&'! ;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&(! ;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi &%%d[Wdcjh h]VgZVlVgY^c ;'%&) I]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVhiVcYVgYVaadXVi^dcd[H6Gh!eZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZhVcYWdcjhh]VgZh^ca^cZl^i]i]ZAI>Eeda^Xn# I^ehjj[hc _dY[dj_l[ '&%( 6ccjVa h]dgiiZgb ^cXZci^kZ ;'%&( ( &-+( ;'%&') &-+( ')% I]^hegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgÉhXajhiZgbZiZmeZXiVi^dchVcYi]Z[dglVgY"add`^c\dgYZgWdd`gZbV^cZYhigdc\#6hVgZhjai!i]ZegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZglVh VlVgYZYVcHI>d[G&-+(%%%# 8Wi[fWo <jVgVciZZY idiVaXdhiid XdbeVcn BVgX]'%&( Ä;ZW'%&)* (%%% BVgX]'%&) Ä;ZW'%&** (')' =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY :A:B:CIHD; G:BJC:G6I>DC 8DHIID 8DBE6CN GÉ%%% >C;'%&) (%*-+ I]Z^cY^k^YjVaÉheZg[dgbVcXZbZihZiZmeZXiVi^dchVcYi]Z8I8d[i]Z^cY^k^YjValVhl^i]^ci]ZWVcY[dgi]ZgdaZ#6hVgZhjai!i]Z^cY^k^YjVaÉh 8I8lVh^cXgZVhZY[gdbG(%%%%%%idG(')'%%%# JejWbh[ckd[hWj_edfWYaW][ H[j[dj_edWmWhZ <(&')je<(&'* +',' Ä >ci]ZVWhZcXZd[V;'%&'adc\iZgb^cXZci^kZeaVc!i]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVgZiZci^dcVlVgYd[G'++,%%%^c;'%&(#I]ZgZiZci^dceZg^dYlVh[dgildnZVgh!l^i] WZcZ[^ihVXXgj^c\[jaan^c;'%&([dgG'!,b^aa^dc# IdiVagZbjcZgVi^dceV^Y^c;'%&) & ' ( ) * + , *&+&, GZ[Zghidi]Z[^cVcX^VaeZg^dY^cl]^X]i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgYZY^hVXijVaaneV^Yidi]ZZbeadnZZ$ZbeadnZZgZXZ^kZhi]ZWZcZ[^i# GZ[Zghidi]ZXdhiidi]ZXdbeVcnd[VlVgY^c\i]ZZbeadnZZVh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]i!YZiZgb^cZYWni]Z>;GH'Xdhi[dgi]ZheZX^[^XVaadXVi^dc# GZ[Zghidi]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZVlVgYZY!gZaVi^c\idi]ZbdhigZXZci[^cVcX^VanZVgXdbeaZiZY# I]ZhZXdcYigVcX]ZeVn"djid[i]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZWdcjh[gdbi]Z;'%&'Zci^iaZbZci# GZ[Zghidi]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgY\gVciZYVccjVaanZ[[ZXi^kZVii]ZhiVgid[i]Z\gdjeÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcnZVg^cBVgX]# 6cnY^[[ZgZcXZWZilZZc\jVgVciZZYXdhiidXdbeVcnVcYgZbjcZgVi^dcVXijVaaneV^Y^hYjZidkVg^VWaZWZcZ[^iheV^Y!VhlZaaVhVY]dXadc\hZgk^XZgZaViZYVlVgYh# I]Z;'%&)eVn"djiV\gZZhideV\Z&))# &)& DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcXdci^cjZY Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h, :A:B:CIHD; G:BJC:G6I>DC 6EEA>867A: E:G>D9 8DHIID 8DBE6CN GÉ%%% >C;'%&) I>B>C<D;E6N"DJIH& ;'%&) ((d[ ((d[ H6GVlVgY H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&%! ^c;'%&&! ;'%&&!;'%&'! ;'%&'!;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ZmZgX^hVWaZ Bed]j[hc _dY[dj_l[fbWd H]VgZ VeegZX^Vi^dc g^\]iH6G EZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZh H 6G\gVciZY [gdb;'%&% id;'%&) E Zg[dgbVcXZ VcYWdcjh h]VgZh\gVciZY ^c;'%&) ;'%&* +(,' 7dcjhh]VgZh ;'%&+ ;'%&, ;'%&- ;'%&. ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&'! ;'%&(! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&(! ;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ H6GVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi ((d[ eZg[dgbVcXZ h]VgZVlVgY ^c;'%&)! ZmZgX^hVWaZ Vhhjb^c\ eZg[dgbVcXZ Xg^iZg^VbZi &%%d[Wdcjh h]VgZVlVgY^c ;'%&) I]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVhiVcYVgYVaadXVi^dcd[H6Gh!eZg[dgbVcXZh]VgZhVcYWdcjhh]VgZh^ca^cZl^i]i]ZAI>Eeda^Xn# I^ehjj[hc _dY[dj_l[ &+)% 6ccjVa h]dgiiZgb ^cXZci^kZ ;'%&( ( &)%% ;'%&') &)%% ')% I]^hegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgÉhhjeedgiidi]Z\gdje^cVnZVgd[W^\X]VaaZc\Zh^c]^hVgZVbZiZmeZXiVi^dch#6hVgZhjai!VcHI>d[G&)%%%%% lVhVlVgYZY# 8Wi[fWo <jVgVciZZY idiVaXdhiid XdbeVcn BVgX]'%&( Ä;ZW'%&)* '%*, BVgX]'%&) Ä;ZW'%&** ''%. '&,,+ I]^hegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgÉheZg[dgbVcXZbZiZmeZXiVi^dchVcY]^h8I8lVhl^i]^ci]ZWVcYgVc\Z[dgi]^hedh^i^dc#6hVgZhjai!Vc^cXgZVhZ^c 8I8[gdbG'%*,%%%idG''%.%%%lVhVlVgYZY# JejWbh[ckd[hWj_edfWYaW][ H[j[dj_edWmWhZ <(&')je<(&'* ).'- '(% <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) >ci]ZVWhZcXZd[V;'%&'adc\iZgb^cXZci^kZeaVc!i]ZgZbXdVeegdkZYVgZiZci^dcVlVgYd[G&''+%%%^c;'%&(#I]ZgZiZci^dceZg^dYlVh[dgildnZVgh!l^i] WZcZ[^ihVXXgj^c\^c;'%&([dgG..+%%%VcY^c;'%&)[dgG'(%%%%# &)' IdiVagZbjcZgVi^dceV^Y^c;'%&) & ' ( ) * + , )%),, GZ[Zghidi]Z[^cVcX^VaeZg^dY^cl]^X]i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgYZY^hVXijVaaneV^Yidi]ZZbeadnZZ$ZbeadnZZgZXZ^kZhi]ZWZcZ[^i# Z[Zghidi]ZXdhiidi]ZXdbeVcnd[VlVgY^c\i]ZZbeadnZZVh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]i!YZiZgb^cZYWni]Z>;GH'Xdhi[dgi]ZheZX^[^XVaadXVi^dc# G GZ[Zghidi]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZVlVgYZY!gZaVi^c\idi]ZbdhigZXZci[^cVcX^VanZVgXdbeaZiZY# I]ZhZXdcYigVcX]ZeVn"djid[i]Zh]dgiiZgb^cXZci^kZWdcjh[gdbi]Z;'%&'Zci^iaZbZci# GZ[Zghidi]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcVlVgY\gVciZYVccjVaanZ[[ZXi^kZVii]ZhiVgid[i]Z\gdjeÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcnZVg^cBVgX]# 6cnY^[[ZgZcXZWZilZZc\jVgVciZZYXdhiidXdbeVcnVcYgZbjcZgVi^dcVXijVaaneV^Y^hYjZidkVg^VWaZWZcZ[^iheV^Y!VhlZaaVhVY]dXadc\hZgk^XZgZaViZYVlVgYh# I]Z;'%&)eVn"djiV\gZZhideV\Z&))# 9>G:8IDG6C9H:C>DGB6C6<:B:CIG:BJC:G6I>DC Cdc"ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidghÉ[ZZh ;ZZh!hZgk^XZhZmeZchZhGÉ%%% DWc[ EBi]Zi]lV A:7V`dgd A8]Va`Zg C?8]^cnVciV ?A?dW LAdjl D6BVWVcYaVs H<Bdgg^h @@Be^c\V 7C\dcnVbV KGV\jZ 99HGdWZgihdcS BGI]dbehdc <[[i ;'%&( ;nf[di[i JejWb '(() *'' Å '(' ,*) '(' Å '&&+ ,&) +. /. (+( '&) Å ', Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å '. '. Å '(() *(- Å '(' ,*) '(' Å '&&+ ,&) +. '', (-& '&) *,). +( *,/& ;ZZh :meZchZh .&* *'' '(- Ä *+* Ä '*+ -,( )+( Ä Ä +'. Ä ))+& &( )+ && Ä + Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä '.% Ä (++ IdiVa .'- *+- '). Ä *,& Ä '*+ -,( )+( Ä Ä .&. Ä )-', GZh^\cZYdc&&;ZWgjVgn'%&)# GZi^gZYdc+CdkZbWZg'%&'# 6eed^ciZYdc&6eg^a'%&)# s GZh^\cZYdc+BVn'%&(# S GZh^\cZYdc*CdkZbWZg'%&(# Cdc"ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidghÉegdedhZY[ZZh[dg;'%&*!hjW_ZXiidh]VgZ]daYZgVeegdkVa <(&'+ fhefei[Z\[[i HWdZ f[hWddkc 8dbbZci ;'%&) [ZZh GVcY eZgVccjb BV^cWdVgYÄX]V^geZghdc /(&&&& >cXajYZhVaaWdVgYVcYXdbb^iiZZViiZcYVcXZh! eV^YfjVgiZgan -+%%%% AZVY^cYZeZcYZcicdc"ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidg ).+&&& >cXajYZhWVh^X[ZZeajhViiZcYVcXZ[ZZ[dg[djg bZZi^c\h!eV^YfjVgiZgan (+%+%% BV^cWdVgYÄcdc"ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidg ()&&&& >cXajYZhWVh^X[ZZeajhViiZcYVcXZ[ZZ[dg[djg bZZi^c\h!eV^YfjVgiZgan '&*%%% 6jY^iXdbb^iiZZÄX]V^geZghdc ((+&&& ;djgbZZi^c\h!eV^YfjVgiZgan '&&%%% 6jY^iXdbb^iiZZÄbZbWZgVcYViiZcYZZ ''(&&& ;djgbZZi^c\h!eV^YfjVgiZgan &%*%%% GZbjcZgVi^dcXdbb^iiZZÄX]V^geZghdc '+)&&& ;djgbZZi^c\h!eV^YfjVgiZgan &)(%%% GZbjcZgVi^dcXdbb^iiZZÄbZbWZgVcY ViiZcYZZ -/&&& ;djgbZZi^c\h!eV^YfjVgiZgan ,(*%% '+)&&& ;djgbZZi^c\h!eV^YfjVgiZgan &)(%%% G^h`Xdbb^iiZZÄbZbWZgVcYViiZcYZZ -/&&& ;djgbZZi^c\h!eV^YfjVgiZgan ,(*%% Cdb^cVi^dchXdbb^iiZZÄX]V^geZghdc ''(&&& IldbZZi^c\h!eV^YfjVgiZgan &%*%%% Cdb^cVi^dchXdbb^iiZZÄbZbWZgVcY ViiZcYZZ +/+&& IldbZZi^c\h!eV^YfjVgiZgan ***%% '+)&&& ;djgbZZi^c\h!eV^YfjVgiZgan &)(%%% -/&&& ;djgbZZi^c\h!eV^YfjVgiZgan ,(*%% G^h`Xdbb^iiZZÄX]V^geZghdc HdX^VaVcYZi]^XhXdbb^iiZZÄX]V^geZghdc HdX^VaVcYZi]^XhXdbb^iiZZÄbZbWZgVcY ViiZcYZZ :migVdgY^cVgnhZgk^XZheZg]djg )('& 6eea^ZY[dgVY]dXVcY$dgcdc"hX]ZYjaZY bZZi^c\h#8VeeZYViYV^angViZd[G''),% =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY <(&'* (%%% 6YZYjXi^dcd[G&+%*%eZgbZZi^c\l^aaVeean[dgcdc"ViiZcYVcXZViVhX]ZYjaZYbZZi^c\VcYG('%%%l^aaWZeVnVWaZ[dgViiZcYVcXZVi VheZX^VaWdVgYbZZi^c\# >cXajYZY^cX]V^geZghdcÉh[ZZ# &)( DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcXdci^cjZY :mZXji^kZY^gZXidgh HVaVg^Zh 7dcjh GZiZci^dcVlVgY IdiVa GÉ%%% <(&'* ;'%&( <(&'* ;'%&( <(&'* ;'%&( <(&'* ;'%&( DWc[ BGJeidc 8B;IZ^mZ^gV *-*- (-*/ )&)% '((, +((/ (-)' '%.* &''% -(( Å (&', '-+, '&,/. +*.& .(+' +)') -*/, +),, -/,& ((&* -(( *..) ','-. &*,-+ >ca^cZl^i]i]ZgZfj^gZbZcihd[i]Z8dbeVc^Zh6Xi'%%-!i]Z\gdjeY^hXadhZhi]ZgZbjcZgVi^dceV^YidegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZghl]dVgZ YZ[^cZYVhi]Z\gdjeÉhZmZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZ# I]Zi]gZZ]^\]ZhieV^YbZbWZghd[bVcV\ZbZciVgZVahdgZ[aZXiZY^ci]ZiVWaZWZadlVheZgi]ZgZXdbbZcYZYegVXi^XZhj\\ZhiZY^c '#'+#'d[i]Z@^c\>>>8dYZ# :mZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZbZbWZghZmXd HVaVg^Zh 7dcjh GZiZci^dcVlVgY GÉ%%% <(&'* ;'%&(SS <(&'* ;'%&(SS DWc[ EgZhXg^WZYd[[^XZg& EgZhXg^WZYd[[^XZg' EgZhXg^WZYd[[^XZg( EgZhXg^WZYd[[^XZg) EgZhXg^WZYd[[^XZg* EgZhXg^WZYd[[^XZg+ EgZhXg^WZYd[[^XZg, )''+ )('( ))*+ )*'* '+/* )&+. ('-- '.)' '.)( '.,( '.*. &()& '*)' &..( (,(& (-'& )**/ (/*. '&)* ('&) ',*& &&(, ... &,*% &('* +&) -'* --+ '//'+ &,+.( ',+&* ,*(+ <(&'* Å Å ,*- *-& Å Å ()& ')*- IdiVa ;'%&(SS <(&'* ;'%&(SS (+'. (*,% '-%( '%(, Ä '++, ..+ +-)+ +/(( -**' ,.)( (,(. +',' *&*- ,,%- ,*&' ,*'+ +('& &.** +%() (-,* )--,, )%.(& &*,%' HZc^dgbVcV\ZbZciSZmXajY^c\8:D!8;DVcYZmXd HVaVg^Zh GÉ%%% IdiVaZVgc^c\h <(&'* ;'%&(SS 7dcjh <(&'* GZiZci^dcVlVgY ;'%&(SS <(&'* ;'%&(SS IdiVa <(&'* ;'%&(SS )()-/ ('%-) ('/+. &%&*% '&)+ **(- ++)-( ),,,' )()-/ ('%-) ('/+. &%&*% '&)+ **(- ++)-( ),,,' <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) S L^i]gZ\VgYhid;'%&)!hZc^dgbVcV\ZbZcigZ[Zghidi]Z^cY^k^YjVahYZe^XiZYl^i]^ci]^h^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi!ZmXajY^c\i]Z8:D!8;DVcYZmXd# SSGZhiViZYidgZ[aZXiX]Vc\Z^cegZhXg^WZYd[[^XZgXdbedh^i^dc^c;'%&)# I]^h^cY^XViZhi]Z\gdhhWdcjheV^Yidi]ZZbeadnZZ^ci]Z[^cVcX^VanZVgjcYZggZk^Zl#>iYdZhcdigZegZhZcii]Z\gdhhWdcjhVlVgYZY[dgi]ZnZVg!Vhi]ZeZg^dYid l]^X]i]ZWdcjhgZaViZh^hY^[[ZgZciidi]Vil]Zci]ZWdcjh^heV^Y#7dcjhZhVlVgYZY^cVnZVgVgZeV^YidZbeadnZZh^ci]Z[^cVcX^VanZVg[daadl^c\i]ZVlVgYeZg^dY# ;dgV[jaagZXdcX^a^Vi^dcWZilZZci]ZWdcjhVlVgYZYeZg[^cVcX^VanZVgVcYi]Zi^b^c\d[eVnbZci!gZ[ZgideV\Zh&()id&)'# 9jg^c\i]Zeg^dgnZVg!i]ZgZbjcZgVi^dcXdbb^iiZZVeegdkZYVgZiZci^dcVlVgYidbZbWZghd[i]ZZmZXji^kZXdbb^iiZZVcYhZaZXiZYbZbWZghd[hZc^dg bVcV\ZbZci#GZX^e^ZcihlZgZZcXdjgV\ZYidejgX]VhZh]VgZh^c<gdje;^kZl^i]i]ZVlVgYgZXZ^kZY#EVnbZcihgZ[aZXiZYVWdkZYdcdigZegZhZcii]Z[jaakVajZ VlVgYZYidi]ZZbeadnZZ!WjigVi]Zgi]ZkVajZWZ[dgZiVmVi^dcd[i]ZVlVgYVXijVaaneV^YidYViZ#L]ZgZZbeadnZZhdeiZYidgZXZ^kZi]Z^ggZiZci^dcVlVgY^cXVh]id Wjnh]VgZh!eVnbZcilVhgZXZ^kZY^cCdkZbWZg'%&'VcYh]VgZhlZgZgZfj^gZYidWZejgX]VhZYWni]ZZbeadnZZ#I]ZZbeadnZZ^hdcanZci^iaZYidigVYZdgY^hedhZd[ *%d[i]ZkVajZd[i]^hVlVgYV[iZg(%?jcZ'%&(VcYi]ZgZbV^c^c\*%V[iZg(%?jcZ'%&)#:beadnZZhl]ddeiZYidgZXZ^kZgZiZci^dcVlVgYh^cXVh]dcangZXZ^kZY *%d[i]Z^gVlVgYdc(%?jcZ'%&(#I]ZWVaVcXZd[i]ZVlVgYlVhbVYZdc(%?jcZ'%&)#GZ[ZgideV\Zh&()id&)'[dgY^hXadhjgZd[i]ZidiVakVajZd[VlVgYeZg ^cY^k^YjVaVcYi]Zi^b^c\d[i]ZeVn"dji# &)) 9ZiV^ahd[ZmZXji^kZY^gZXidghÉh]VgZdei^dchVcYh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]ih CVbZd[Y^gZXidg Dei^dch \gVciZY ÄdeZc^c\ WVaVcXZ Dei^dch \gVciZY Yjg^c\i]Z XjggZcinZVg Hig^`Z eg^XZ Dei^dch ZmZgX^hZY VcYeV^Y Dei^dch aVehZY Dei^dch \gVciZY ÄXadh^c\ WVaVcXZ Hig^`Z eg^XZ Dei^dch kZhiZY ÄXadh^c\ WVaVcXZ (%!)) *)!-& *%!'% )(!%, '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' Ä ,&%%% &%%%%% &%%%%% Ä &%%('( )+%*& Ä CHKfjed '%&( )%%%%% ,&%%% &%%%%% &%%%%% &++%%% &*%)-) &(-&*) Ä &&'*+(- Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä &-*%%% (%!)) *)!-& *%!'% )(!%, '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' &-*%%% )%%%%% Ä Ä Ä &++%%% Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä ,&%%% &%%%%% &%%%%% Ä &*%)-) &(-&*) &-*%%% *++%%% Ä ,))+(- Å Å '&&&&& '+&*.* /''.( Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å -'&&& '&&&&& Å Å *,/-( '.+&&& ,(,'& .(&. )*',,, Å *-)-/& '*%%% Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä '*%%% '*%%% '%%%%% ,'%%% ,&,)% ++&,* -++%% '*%%% Ä *)+*&* Å Å Å -(&&& Å ('.). Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å (+&&& (+&&& (&&&&& Å -'-*& **))- .,,&& )*.(. *-*+ /).). Å */((+& )&,(,) -'&&& '&&&&& '&&&&& '+&*.* ').'+* '.+&&& Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å ,(,'& .(&. -**,). -&.'. '*%%% '*%%% '*%%% '%%%%% ,'%%% ,&,)% ++&,* Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä -++%% )-).&* -++%% (+&&& (+&&& (&&&&& -(&&& -'-*& ,,'-+ .,,&& Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å )*.(. *-*+ +*,+'+ )/+-) +*".' +&"(& *)"&- )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& +*".' +&"(& *)"&- )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& -'&&& '&&&&& Å Å Å Å Å Å '-'&&& 9C<J[_n[_hW '%&( ')!,, *)!-& *%!'% )'!-) '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' ')!,, *)!-& *%!'% )'!-) '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' Ä '*%%% '*%%% '%%%%% ,'%%% ),-', ''%*- Ä =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY (&'* (.&--* (&'* +*".' +&"(& *(".* (.",) )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& +*".' +&"(& *(".* (.",) )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& (+&&& (+&&& (&&&&& Å -'-*& (((-* Å Å Å )**&'* &)* DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcXdci^cjZY 9ZiV^ahd[egZhXg^WZYd[[^XZghÉh]VgZdei^dchVcYh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]ih^cXajY^c\i]gZZ]^\]ZhieV^Y bZbWZghd[bVcV\ZbZci EgZhXg^WZYd[[^XZg Dei^dch \gVciZY ÄdeZc^c\ WVaVcXZ Dei^dch \gVciZY Yjg^c\i]Z XjggZcinZVg Hig^`Z eg^XZ Dei^dch ZmZgX^hZY VcYeV^Y Dei^dch aVehZY Dei^dch \gVciZY ÄXadh^c\ WVaVcXZ Hig^`Z eg^XZ Dei^dch kZhiZY ÄXadh^c\ WVaVcXZ &'!** (%!)) *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' &-,*% Ä )'%%% *(%%% &%%%%% +%*)* ',,.' Ä Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h' '%&( &-,*% '%%%%% )'%%% *(%%% &%%%%% .%-&- -((,, Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä &%)+%% *-,.)* &%)+%% &'!** (%!)) *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' Ä '%%%%% Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä &-,*% Ä )'%%% *(%%% &%%%%% .%-&- -((,, &%)+%% '%%%%% Ä ).'*)* Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å '.-+& *(&&& +)&&& '&&&&& /&.'. .))-- '&*,&& )-)', *,.* Å Å +)*+*+ Ä Ä ..%%% Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä )'%%% *(%%% Ä -.,+' -')%- &%(%%% ..%%% Ä (,%&,% Å Å +/(*) (-'/+ Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å *(&&& +)&&& )&+'/ ++(') '&)&&& ),-*. *.,+ .,*). Å )(+)*+ (%'%-, (&'* '.-+& *(&&& +)&&& '&&&&& /&.'. .))-- '&*,&& Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å )-)', *,.* */(+*+ *(&&& '("++ +*".' +&"(& (.",) )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& '("++ +*".' +&"(& (.",) )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& '.-+& *(&&& +)&&& '&&&&& /&.'. +++.+ Å Å Å ),&'+) Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h( '%&( )'%%% *(%%% ..%%% -.,+' -')%- Ä (++&,% Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä &%(%%% *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' &%(%%% *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' )'%%% *(%%% Ä *.-)& ',)+. Ä &-'(&% <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) (&'* &)+ *(&&& +)&&& ./-,( .(*&. '&)&&& Å Å Å Å Å Å Å ),-*. *.,+ )-&'-& *',') +*".' +&"(& )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& +*".' +&"(& )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& *(&&& +)&&& )&+'/ (--** Å Å Å '+)(,) EgZhXg^WZYd[[^XZg Dei^dch \gVciZY ÄdeZc^c\ WVaVcXZ Dei^dch \gVciZY Yjg^c\i]Z XjggZcinZVg Hig^`Z eg^XZ Dei^dch ZmZgX^hZY VcYeV^Y Dei^dch aVehZY Dei^dch \gVciZY ÄXadh^c\ WVaVcXZ Hig^`Z eg^XZ Dei^dch kZhiZY ÄXadh^c\ WVaVcXZ (%!)) *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' Ä ()%%% &*%%%% Ä *)*+& Ä Ä Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h) '%&( &'*%%% ()%%% &*%%%% .&%%% -&-)' ,*)+. Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä &%)+%% **,(&& &%)+%% (%!)) *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' &'*%%% Ä Ä .&%%% Ä ').%* Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä ()%%% &*%%%% Ä -&-)' *%*+) &%)+%% ')%.%* Ä )'&%%+ Å Å Å Å Å Å Å )*&&& '+&&&& Å (+,+/ '&*,&& )-)', +.,) Å )+-*). '*%%% Ä Ä '*%%% Ä ''%,( Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä &%%%%% (.%%% *%%%% ,'*&) ))-&+ &%.-%% ,'%,( Ä )&+&(% Å Å +&&&& Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å '&&&&& )/&&& Å -(+'* **.', '&/.&& *,*,& *',& +&&&& Å *',-+& '&-,, Ä Ä Ä &,-,- '))%% '&-,, Ä )'',- +),. Å Å Å Å Å Å Å '(+'& (**&& '**+* (,.& +),. Å +*&** '(-*+& )*&&& '+&&&& .'.*( +&+,* '&*,&& Å Å Å Å Å Å Å )-)', +.,) *('&&, *)'-/ +*".' +&"(& )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& Å Å .'.*( (*/&+ Å Å Å '&,-*- +*".' +&"(& )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& )*&&& '+&&&& Å Å Å Å Å '.*&&& Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h* '%&( '*%%% &%%%%% (.%%% ,*%%% ,'*&) ++--. Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä &%.-%% (,-)%( &%.-%% ')!,, *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' ')!,, *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' Ä &%%%%% (.%%% *%%%% )-()( Ä Ä '(,()( =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY (&'* (&'* '&&&&& )/&&& +&&&& -(+'* **.', '&/.&& Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å *,*,& *',& *',')& +&,(& +*".' +&"(& (.",) )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& +*".' +&"(& (.",) )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& '&&&&& )/&&& Å -(+'* ((+(& Å Å Å ()*&)* Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h+ '%&( '-*++ Ä &&&-. '))%% '-*++ (**-. '-.-. (**&& Å Å Å Å '**+* (,.& *((-. '-')* &+!%( ()!)' &+!%( ()!)' Ä Ä Ä (&'* ',"&) )*"*( *&",. *'"&& ',"&) )*"*( *&",. *'"&& Å Å Å Å Å &), DjgiZVbÉhgZbjcZgVi^dcXdci^cjZY EgZhXg^WZYd[[^XZg Dei^dch \gVciZY ÄdeZc^c\ WVaVcXZ Dei^dch \gVciZY Yjg^c\i]Z XjggZcinZVg Hig^`Z eg^XZ Dei^dch \gVciZY ÄXadh^c\ WVaVcXZ Hig^`Z eg^XZ Dei^dch kZhiZY ÄXadh^c\ WVaVcXZ Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä &.%%% &%%%%% Ä '&*)( (-.,) .,+%% *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' &.%%% &%%%%% Ä '(), &.(.% Ä Ä ',,&&, Å Å Å ('+*) '/'/, Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å '/&&& '&&&&& Å Å '/--. /-,&& )-)', )-(. *&-)/ Å (--*(( Ä &*%%%% Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä &*%%%% Ä (,%..& Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å *+&&& )&&&& )-&&& ,/&&& ,',-( +,,'/ -'-&& ('()- )**' Å Å )/+,,/ Dei^dch ZmZgX^hZY VcYeV^Y Dei^dch aVehZY Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h, '%&( &.%%% &%%%%% ,%%%% +((+' *-&,% Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä .,+%% (&%*(' .,+%% '/&&& '&&&&& Å ('+*) )./-* /-,&& Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å )-)', )-(. (--''- *'&** )*%%% &*%%%% (%%%% (,%%% +.%%% +&+,' *++&. Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä ,&,%% )).'.& ,&,%% *+&&& )&&&& )-&&& ,/&&& ,',-( +,,'/ -'-&& Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å ('()- )**' )-&//' (*,-. *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' Ä Ä ,%%%% )&-&. &.&.+ Ä &(&%&* &)%,(, (&'* +*".' +&"(& (.",) )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& +*".' +&"(& (.",) )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& '/&&& '&&&&& Å Å '/+.* Å Å Å ').+.* Fh[iYh_X[Ze\\_Y[h'%&( &'!** (%!)) *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' )*%%% Ä (%%%% (,%%% +.%%% +&+,' *++&. ,&,%% &'!** (%!)) *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% ()!)' )*%%% Ä (%%%% (,%%% +.%%% )&&&* &--,( Ä ')%.-- <GDJE;>K:>ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi'%&) (&'* &)- '("++ +*".' +&"(& (.",) )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& '("++ +*".' +&"(& (.",) )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( *&",. *'"&& *+&&& )&&&& )-&&& ,/&&& ,',-( )--*, Å Å Å (.&*'. 9ZiV^ahd[h]VgZdei^dchVcYh]VgZVeegZX^Vi^dcg^\]ih^hhjZYidhZc^dgbVcV\ZbZci ZmXajY^c\8:D!8;DVcYZmXd Dei^dch \gVciZY ÄdeZc^c\ WVaVcXZ Dei^dch \gVciZY Yjg^c\i]Z XjggZcinZVg Hig^`Z eg^XZ Dei^dch ZmZgX^hZY VcYeV^Y Dei^dch aVehZY Dei^dch \gVciZY ÄXadh^c\ WVaVcXZ Hig^`Z eg^XZ Dei^dch kZhiZY ÄXadh^c\ WVaVcXZ Ä ,*%%% &**%%% &..(%% (*&%%% (,'&+' ()*)%- *+-&. +*.(%% ')!,, (&!-, *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% &+!%( ()!)' Ä ,*%%% &**%%% &..(%% (%(%%% ')-&%- .%+)+ .*'( Ä '%&( &,+%%.' Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä )%*&, +*.(%% +..-&, ')!,, (&!-, *)!-& *%!'% '-!+( ()!%. ',!,% &+!%( ()!)' ,-,*% Ä Ä Ä -(%%% Ä &,%,% +,&%% Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä ')*.'% Ä ''&(.-. -+&&& Å Å (,*&&& (/,*'+ ')//+' Å '(/'( Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å -..(-. Å '+/(-/) &%-%*,, (&'* -+&&& '+*&&& (&&&&& (,*&&& )+*.+* (/.&&- ,+*+&& +,.'/ Å Å Å (&+-'.& Å Å Å Å Å Å Å Å ('.&), +//,' *+./* )()./' )'".- +*".' +&"(& (.",) )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( ',"&) *&",. *&",. *'"&& Å '+*&&& (&&&&& Å +.*)/ '+.&+, ,+*+&& *)/&- ('.&), +//,' *+./* )'".- +*".' +&"(& (.",) )*"&/ (-"-& )*"*( ',"&) *&",. *&",. *'"&& L^i]gZ\VgYhid;'%&)!hZc^dgbVcV\ZbZcigZ[Zghidi]Z^cY^k^YjVahYZe^XiZYl^i]^ci]^h^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi!ZmXajY^c\i]Z8:D!8;DVcYZmXd# Å '+*&&& (&&&&& Å +.*)/ *.,,& Å Å Å Å Å *,'&// =dllZVgZ\dkZgcZY!bZVhjgZYVcYgZbjcZgViZY ,-,*% ,*%%% &**%%% &..(%% )()%%% (,'&+' (+'),- -()%' Ä &). 03 Summary consolidated annual GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 financial statements 150 152 Directors’ responsibility statement 153 Report of the independent auditor 154 Summary consolidated annual financial statements 155 Group income statement 156 Group statement of comprehensive income 156 Determination of group headline earnings 157 Group statement of financial position 158 Group statement of cash flow 158 Group capital expenditure and depreciation 159 Group statement of changes in equity 161 Group segmental analysis 164 Group statistics 164 Estimates and contingencies 165 Dividend declaration 166 Analysis of shareholders 169 Notice of the annual general meeting 175 Form of proxy 151 Summary consolidated annual financial statements Directors’ responsibility statement FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2014 The board acknowledges its responsibility to ensure the integrity of the integrated annual report. The board has applied its mind to the integrated annual report and believes that it addresses all material issues, and presents fairly the integrated performance of the organisation and its impacts. The integrated annual report has been prepared in line with best practice and the recommendations of King III. GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 The integrated annual report was approved by the board on 5 August 2014 and is signed on its behalf: 152 P (Philisiwe) Mthethwa Chairperson MR (Mike) Upton Chief executive officer CM (Cristina) Freitas Teixeira Chief financial officer 5 August 2014 5 August 2014 5 August 2014 Report of the independent auditor FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2014 The summary consolidated financial statements, which comprise the summary consolidated statement of financial position as at 30 June 2014, and the summary consolidated income statement, statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the year then ended, and related notes, as set out on pages 154 to 165, are derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of Group Five Limited for the year ended 30 June 2014. We expressed an unmodified audit opinion on those consolidated financial statements in our report dated 11 August 2014. Our auditor’s report on the audited consolidated financial statements contained an Other Matter paragraph (refer below). The summary consolidated financial statements do not contain all the disclosures required by International Financial Reporting Standards and the requirements of the Companies Act of South Africa as applicable to annual financial statements. Reading the summary consolidated financial statements, therefore, is not a substitute for reading the audited consolidated financial statements of Group Five Limited. Directors’ Responsibility for the Summary Consolidated Financial Statements The company’s directors are responsible for the preparation of a summary of the audited consolidated financial statements in accordance with the requirements of the JSE Limited’s requirements for summary financial statements, set out in the basis of preparation note to the summary consolidated financial statements and the requirements of the Companies Act of South Africa as applicable to summary financial statements. Auditor’s Responsibility Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the summary consolidated financial statements based on our procedures, which were conducted in accordance with International Standard on Auditing (ISA) 810, “Engagements to Report on Summary Financial Statements”. Opinion In our opinion, the summary consolidated financial statements derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of Group Five Limited for the year ended 30 June 2014 are consistent, in all material respects, with those consolidated financial statements, in accordance with the requirements of the JSE Limited’s requirements for summary financial statements, set out in basis of preparation note to the summary consolidated financial statements, and the requirements of the Companies Act of South Africa as applicable to summary financial statements. The Other Matter paragraph in our audit report dated 11 August 2014 states that as part of our audit of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 30 June 2014, we have read the Directors’ Report, Report of the Audit Committee and the Statement of Compliance by the Company Secretary for the purpose of identifying whether there are material inconsistencies between these reports and the audited consolidated financial statements. These reports are the responsibility of the respective preparers. The Other Matter paragraph states that, based on reading these reports, we have not identified material inconsistencies between these reports and the audited consolidated financial statements. The paragraph furthermore states that we have not audited these reports and accordingly do not express an opinion on these reports. The Other Matter paragraph does not have an effect on the summary consolidated financial statements or our opinion thereon. PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc. Director: AJ Rossouw Registered Auditor Sunninghill 11 August 2014 Summary consolidated annual financial statements ON THE SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS TO THE SHAREHOLDERS OF GROUP FIVE LIMITED 153 Summary consolidated annual financial statements FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2014 These consolidated annual financial statements comprise a summary of the audited consolidated annual financial statements of the group for the year ending 30 June 2014 that were approved by the board on 5 August 2014. The summary consolidated annual financial statements are not the group’s statutory accounts and do not contain all the disclosures required by International Financial Reporting Standards. Reading the summary consolidated annual financial statements, therefore, is not a substitute for reading the audited consolidated annual financial statements of the group, as they do not contain sufficient information to allow for a complete understanding of the results and state of affairs of the group. The audited consolidated annual financial statements are available online at www.groupfive.co.za, or may be obtained from the company secretary. The annual financial statements have been audited by the independent accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc. Their unmodified audit report is available for inspection at the group’s registered office and their opinion on these summary consolidated annual financial statements is on page 153. BASIS OF PREPARATION GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 The summary consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with the JSE Limited’s (“JSE”) requirements for summary financial statements, and the requirements of the Companies Act applicable to summary financial statements. The JSE requires summary financial statements to be prepared in accordance with the framework concepts and the measurement and recognition requirements of International Financial Reporting Standards, the SAICA Financial Reporting Guides as issued by the Accounting Practices Committee and Financial Pronouncements as issued by the Financial Reporting Standards Council, and to also, as a minimum, contain the information required by IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting. The accounting policies applied in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements, from which the summary consolidated financial statements were derived, are in terms of International Financial Reporting Standards and are consistent with the accounting policies applied in the preparation of the previous consolidated annual financial statements. 154 The summary consolidated annual financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for certain items, including derivatives, investment in service concessions and investment property that are stated at fair value, and are presented in South African Rand, which is the parent company’s presentation currency. The significant accounting policies and methods of computation are consistent in all material respects with those applied in the previous period. The summary consolidated annual financial statements should be read with the full set of annual financial statements as available on the company’s website. The financial statements were prepared by the Chief Financial Officer CA(SA) and approved by the board of directors on 5 August 2014 and are signed on its behalf by: P (Philisiwe) Mthethwa Chairperson MR (Mike) Upton Chief executive officer CM (Cristina) Freitas Teixeira Chief financial officer 5 August 2014 Group income statement FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2014 AUDITED 2014 2013 Restated* Construction and related revenue Revenue from goods and services supplied Property sales and development fees 13 499 363 1 810 803 29 464 9 433 040 1 585 899 24 208 Revenue – continuing operations 15 339 630 11 043 147 Cost of material Cost of subcontractors Direct payroll cost Other staff cost Depreciation Plant costs Manufacturing distribution cost Site administration costs Other administration cost (2 223 997) (6 545 898) (3 410 224) (394 305) (267 143) (738 274) (159 669) (654 952) (382 162) (1 466 135) (4 318 031) (2 456 915) (336 942) (242 130) (783 317) (138 144) (415 091) (444 679) (14 776 624) (10 601 384) Operating expenses before fair value adjustments Operating profit before fair value adjustments Fair value adjustment relating to investment in service concessions 563 006 83 840 441 763 86 482 Operating profit 646 846 528 245 Share of profit of associates Share of profit of joint ventures Finance cost – net 19 661 8 434 (2 134) 10 936 3 391 (1 485) Finance cost Finance income (66 497) 64 363 (55 373) 53 888 Profit before taxation 672 807 541 087 Taxation (230 268) (205 677) Profit after taxation from continuing operations Loss for the year from discontinued operations 442 539 (3 007) 335 410 (47 796) Profit for the year 439 532 287 614 Profit attributable to: Equity shareholders of Group Five Limited Non-controlling interest 401 421 38 111 258 164 29 450 439 532 287 614 4,01 3,94 4,04 3,97 2,64 2,62 3,13 3,11 Earnings per share – [Rand] Fully diluted earnings per share – [Rand] Earnings per share from continuing operations – [Rand] Fully diluted earnings per share from continuing operations – [Rand] * Restated for the adoption of IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements and IAS 19 (Revised) – Employee Benefits. Summary consolidated annual financial statements (R'000) 155 Group statement of comprehensive income FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2014 AUDITED (R'000) 2014 2013 Restated* Profit for the year 439 532 287 614 Other comprehensive income Exchange difference on translating foreign operations^ Surplus on pension fund and remeasurement of employment obligation^^ Tax on other comprehensive income 78 391 53 503 (14 981) 107 856 20 121 (5 634) Other comprehensive income for the year 116 913 122 343 Total comprehensive income for the year 556 445 409 957 Total comprehensive income attributable to: Equity shareholders of Group Five Limited Non-controlling interest 518 334 38 111 380 507 29 450 Total comprehensive income for the year 556 445 409 957 ^ With no resultant tax impact. Item that may be recycled subsequently to profit or loss. ^^ Item that will not be recycled subsequently to profit or loss. * Restated for the adoption of IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements and IAS 19 (Revised) – Employee Benefits. Determination of group headline earnings FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2014 AUDITED (R’000) GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 Attributable profit 156 2014 2013 Restated* 401 421 258 164 Adjusted for (net of tax) 5 399 18 474 – Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment and investment property – Loss on impairment of investment in associate and loss on acquisition of interest in subsidiary – Impairment of non-current assets classified as held for sale 3 397 2 002 – 5 405 2 069 11 000 406 820 276 638 Headline earnings * Restated for the adoption of IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements and IAS 19 (Revised) – Employee Benefits. Group statement of financial position AS AT 30 JUNE 2014 AUDITED 2013 Restated* 2012 Restated* 908 575 95 607 78 037 32 233 60 483 421 563 – 229 498 46 361 195 630 935 789 – 58 042 6 723 49 769 360 684 – 166 734 57 279 95 302 871 148 – 34 229 4 917 59 273 296 635 8 716 137 049 52 223 116 245 Total non-current assets 2 067 987 1 730 322 1 580 435 Current assets Inventories Contracts in progress Derivative financial instruments Trade and other receivables Cash and cash equivalents 345 766 637 719 5 146 3 914 521 2 912 240 261 811 304 849 21 358 3 405 607 2 954 123 257 541 539 418 – 2 614 041 2 265 028 Total current assets 7 815 392 6 947 748 5 676 028 (R'000) 2014 Assets Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment Investment property Investment in associates Loans to associates Investment in joint ventures Investments in service concessions Investment in property developments Pension fund surplus Deferred taxation Non-current trade receivables Non-current assets classified as held for sale 49 671 108 177 272 928 9 933 050 8 786 247 7 529 391 Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent Stated capital Retained earnings Foreign currency translation reserve 1 256 531 1 297 259 65 885 1 229 568 937 482 (12 506) 1 219 119 709 979 (120 362) Equity – shareholders Non-controlling interest 2 619 675 73 298 2 154 544 75 325 1 808 736 68 195 Total equity 2 692 973 2 229 869 1 876 931 Interest-bearing borrowings Provision for employment obligations Provision for environmental rehabilitation Deferred taxation Non-current trade payables 505 834 73 957 4 000 34 750 17 363 681 813 49 295 4 000 12 359 51 009 610 672 33 935 4 000 15 921 59 270 Total non-current liabilities 635 904 798 476 723 798 Excess billings over work Derivative financial instruments Trade and other payables Contract related provisions Current taxation payable Current portion of interest-bearing borrowings Short term borrowings 1 428 136 – 4 500 938 39 987 190 300 350 440 70 772 1 317 671 – 4 151 665 36 806 118 772 80 834 21 100 822 277 854 3 738 570 59 294 39 438 62 128 27 740 Total current liabilities 6 580 573 5 726 848 4 750 301 23 600 31 054 178 361 Total liabilities 7 240 077 6 556 378 5 652 460 Total equity and liabilities 9 933 050 8 786 247 7 529 391 Total assets Non-current liabilities Current liabilities Liabilities associated with assets classified as held for sale Summary consolidated annual financial statements Equity and liabilities * Restated for the adoption of IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements and IAS 19 (Revised) – Employee Benefits. 157 Group statement of cash flow FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2014 AUDITED (R’000) 2014 2013 Restated* Cash flow from operating activities Cash from operations before working capital changes Working capital changes 902 847 (519 030) 685 125 267 215 Cash generated from operations Finance income received Finance costs paid Taxation paid Dividends paid Cash effects of operating activities (discontinued operations) 383 817 64 363 (66 497) (139 462) (80 166) (11 475) 952 340 53 888 (55 373) (129 104) (45 148) 5 393 Cash effects of operating activities 150 580 781 996 Cash flow from investing activities Acquisition of property, plant and equipment Acquisition of investment property, associates and service concessions Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment Cash effects of investing activities (discontinued operations) (167 409) (25 154) 31 800 9 648 (268 083) (20 207) 50 438 55 908 Cash effects of investing activities (151 115) (181 944) Cash flow from financing activities Changes in associates/non-controlling interest/joint ventures Proceeds on repayment of service concessions loans Long term interest-bearing borrowings raised Long and short term interest-bearing borrowings repaid Buy back of shares Net proceeds from share options Cash effects of financing activities (discontinued operations) (46 514) 22 961 – (67 351) – 6 660 (1 150) (14 912) 22 433 96 943 (76 297) (30 000) 10 207 (40 174) Cash effects of financing activities (85 394) (31 800) 41 069 141 974 Effects of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year (44 860) 2 965 957 710 226 2 255 731 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 2 921 097 2 965 957 Included in cash and cash equivalents per the statement of financial position Included in non-current assets classified as held for sale 2 912 240 8 857 2 954 123 11 834 2 921 097 2 965 957 GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 * Restated for the adoption of IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements and IAS 19 (Revised) – Employee Benefits. Group capital expenditure and depreciation FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2014 AUDITED (R’000) – Capital expenditure for the year – Capital expenditure committed or authorised for the next year – Depreciation for the year * Restated for the adoption of IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements and IAS 19 (Revised) – Employee Benefits. 158 2014 261 593 258 723 267 143 2013 Restated* 343 472 308 667 242 130 Group statement of changes in equity FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2014 *Restated balance at 30 June 2012 Issue of shares to share trust in terms of share scheme Issue of shares from share trust Issue of shares in terms of BEE ownership scheme in lieu of dividends Share buy back Issue of shares to Izakhiwo Imfundo Bursary Trust Issue of shares to Black Professionals Staff Trust Share-based payment expense Total comprehensive income Profit for the year Surplus on pension fund Tax on other comprehensive income Translation differences arising from foreign operations Distribution to noncontrolling interests Dividends paid *Restated balance at 30 June 2013 Issue of shares to share trust in terms of share scheme (i) Issue of shares from share trust Share-based payment expense Total comprehensive income Profit for the year Surplus on pension fund and remeasurement of employment obligation Tax on other comprehensive income Translation differences arising from foreign operations Distribution to noncontrolling interests Acquisition of interest in subsidiary Dividends paid Balance at 30 June 2014 Number of shares held by share trust Net shares issued to public 110 645 521 (14 044 760) 96 600 761 Foreign currency Stated translation reserve capital R’000 R’000 Retained earnings R’000 NonEquity share- controlling interest holders R’000 R’000 Total R’000 1 219 119 (120 362) 709 979 1 808 736 68 195 1 876 931 440 032 (440 032) – – – – – – – – 905 651 905 651 10 207 – – 10 207 – 10 207 63 957 (63 957) (12 356 865) 12 356 865 – – – (30 000) – – – – – (30 000) – – – (30 000) – 2 000 000 – – – – – – 10 356 865 (10 356 865) – – – – – – – 2 000 000 – – – – – – 30 242 – – 107 856 – 272 651 30 242 380 507 – 29 450 30 242 409 957 – – – – – – – – – – 258 164 20 121 258 164 20 121 29 450 – 287 614 20 121 – – – – – (5 634) – – – – 107 856 – – – – – – – – – – – – (45 148) 111 149 510 (11 643 098) 99 506 412 1 229 568 (12 506) 937 482 2 154 544 75 325 2 229 869 (5 634) 107 856 – (45 148) – – (22 320) – (5 634) 107 856 (22 320) (45 148) 954 983 (954 983) – – – – – – – – 1 292 374 1 292 374 6 660 – – 6 660 – 6 660 – – – – – – 20 303 – – 78 391 – 439 943 20 303 518 334 – 38 111 20 303 556 445 – – – – – 401 421 401 421 38 111 439 532 – – – – – 53 503 53 503 – 53 503 – – – – – (14 981) (14 981) – (14 981) – – – – 78 391 – 78 391 – 78 391 – – – – – – – (36 461) (36 461) – – – – – – – – – – – (80 166) (3 677) – (3 677) (80 166) 112 104 493 (11 305 707) 100 798 786 1 256 531 65 885 1 297 259 – (80 166) 2 619 675 73 298 Summary consolidated annual financial statements Number of ordinary shares issued 2 692 973 * Restated for the adoption of IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements and IAS 19 (Revised) – Employee Benefits. 159 Group statement of changes in equity continued The following movement in the number of shares took place in the year: (i) Issue of shares in terms of share scheme: Price Number of shares R40,00 – R43,90 R42,05 – R45,50 R43,24 – R44,50 R44,27 – R45,00 R13,15 – R43,45 R43,55 – R45,65 R43,00 – R45,00 R44,12 – R44,47 R42,16 – R43,85 R40,45 – R43,40 76 693 298 471 70 778 94 420 79 384 5 573 19 561 62 092 100 750 147 261 Date August 2013 September 2013 October 2013 November 2013 December 2013 February 2014 March 2014 April 2014 May 2014 June 2014 Total GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 Non-controlling interest Non-controlling interest mainly relates to profit share of joint arrangements controlled by the entity. 160 954 983 Group segmental analysis FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2014 SEGMENT INFORMATION Operating segments reflect the management structure of the group for the period under review and the manner in which performance is evaluated and resources allocated as managed by the group’s chief operating decision maker, defined as the executive committee members (exco) of the group. These operating segments for the year under review are defined as: Operating segment Revenue source Investments and Concessions Equipment supply, operations and maintenance revenue in concession contract developments in the transport sector Rental and development sales of A-grade property assets generating development and investment returns Engineering & Construction Multi-disciplinary project delivery from feasibility through to supporting bankability and front-end design, as well as project management of contracts during execution to completion, with a focus on the energy sector, including power plant construction and nuclear construction services Industrial services contractor Manufacturing Manufacture and sale of fibre cement products – exterior and interior walling, ceiling boards, roof tiles and pipes, fibre cement-clad, steel-framed modular housing systems Manufacture and sale of steel products, including scaffolding, formwork and steel reinforcing for use in concrete structures, fabricated steel structures and large bore steel pipes Construction Building and Housing Civil Engineering Projects Building and housing contractor for large real estate and related infrastructure contracts Civil engineering contractor for roads, ports, airports, pipelines and large structures in the mining and industrial sectors Engineering projects contractor for structural, mechanical, piping and electrical engineering, as well as complete plant construction solutions The role of exco is to drive the strategic intent of the group per segment. The executive committee members meet monthly to review the group’s performance. Of primary focus to exco is the revenue, operating profit, capital expenditure and current assets per segment. Exco assesses the performance of the operating segments based on a measure of adjusted operating profit. This measurement basis excludes the effects of non-operational income and expenditure from the operating segments such as pension fund surpluses, profit/ loss on sale or impairment of subsidiaries, re-measurement of employment obligations and share option cost on the Izakhiwo Imfundo Bursary Trust which is not controlled by the group. Gains or losses on disposal of property, plant and equipment as well as investment property and fair value adjustments on service concessions, investment in property development and investment property are not adjusted as these are deemed to be in the segments’ core operational control. The operating profit does not include any impairment adjustments. As exco reviews operating profit, the results of discontinued operations are not included in the measure of operating profit. Management do not believe that there are any additional segments that require separate reporting. The reportable operating segments derive their revenue as described above. The group is also considered by geographical segment due to the extensive geographic footprint maintained by the group. The geographies are grouped into regions for reporting purposes as the group moves towards establishing operational hubs for management of regions. Summary consolidated annual financial statements The group is focused by discipline and each discipline is led by an executive committee member. 161 Group segmental analysis continued The segmental information presented below includes the reconciliation of IFRS measures presented on the face of the income statement to non-IFRS measures which are used by management to analyse the group’s performance. FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: GROUP REVENUE AND OPERATING PROFIT Revenue Operating profit Note: Graphs represent F2014 values only 2014 (R’000) Operational segments Investments and Concessions Engineering & Construction Manufacturing Construction Building and Housing Civil Engineering Projects Gross revenue Internal revenue External revenue Operating profit 905 013 3 520 625 1 239 449 10 247 896 – – (200 186) (316 428) 905 013 3 520 625 1 039 263 9 931 468 197 021 93 815 86 181 277 045 4 475 547 4 031 537 1 740 812 (45 034) (271 394) – 4 430 513 3 760 143 1 740 812 90 817 66 567 119 661 15 912 983 (516 614) 15 396 369 654 062 Joint arrangements equity accounted and joint arrangements wholly consolidated on adoption of IFRS 11 (56 739) 15 339 630 Adjustment for non-operational items Pension fund valuation surplus Loss on impairment of investment in associate and loss on acquisition of interest in subsidiary – Investments and Concessions Re-measurement of employment obligation GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 Operational segments Investments and Concessions Engineering & Construction Manufacturing Construction Building and Housing Civil Engineering Projects (2 002) (3 020) 646 846 Gross revenue Internal revenue External revenue Operating profit 728 517 1 174 171 1 221 731 8 403 763 – (3 951) (160 474) (232 894) 728 517 1 170 220 1 061 257 8 170 869 174 352 28 521 83 848 265 563 3 331 779 3 354 236 1 717 748 (95 779) (137 115) – 3 236 000 3 217 121 1 717 748 40 332 109 287 115 944 11 528 182 (397 319) 11 130 863 552 284 (87 716) (7 501) 11 043 147 544 783 Joint arrangements equity accounted and joint arrangements wholly consolidated on adoption of IFRS 11 Adjustment for non-operational items Pension fund valuation surplus Izakhiwo Imfundo Bursary trust: share-based payment expense Loss on impairment of investment in associate – Investments and Concessions Re-measurement of employment obligation Operating profit per income statement Sales between segments are carried out at arm’s length and are reflected above. * Restated for the adoption of IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements and IAS 19 (Revised) – Employee Benefits. 162 644 924 6 944 Operating profit per income statement 2013 (R’000) Restated* (9 138) 9 458 (16 813) (2 069) (7 114) 528 245 FINANCIAL POSITION: CURRENT ASSETS AND CAPITAL EXPENDITURE Current assets Capital expenditure Note: Graphs represent F2014 values only (R'000) Operational segments Investments and Concessions Engineering & Construction Manufacturing Construction Building and Housing Civil Engineering Projects Joint arrangements equity accounted and joint arrangements wholly consolidated on adoption of IFRS 11 2014 2013 Restated* 2013 Restated* 2014 301 051 1 245 626 444 724 2 947 417 191 956 467 703 452 377 2 927 094 16 223 21 867 39 201 185 158 33 334 8 640 64 572 240 877 828 623 1 568 433 550 361 808 717 1 716 557 401 820 21 978 143 962 19 218 6 054 166 147 68 676 4 938 818 4 039 130 262 449 347 423 (35 666) (45 505) (856) (3 951) Bank balances and cash 4 903 152 2 912 240 3 993 625 2 954 123 261 593 – 343 472 – Total current assets per statement of financial position Property, plant and equipment – additions 7 815 392 – 6 947 748 – – 261 593 – 343 472 The measures of current assets and capital expenditure have been disclosed for each reportable segment as these are regularly provided to exco. GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION South Africa is regarded as the group’s country of domicile. As described, the various geographies are monitored via operational hubs and thus disclosed as such below. Note: Graphs represent F2014 values only (R'000) 2014 2013 Restated* Geographical regions Eastern Europe Eastern Africa Southern Africa Central Africa Western Africa Joint arrangements equity accounted and joint arrangements wholly consolidated on adoption of IFRS 11 Per income statement 581 860 488 493 143 781 86 251 12 945 974 8 580 022 1 447 380 1 389 137 277 374 586 960 15 396 369 11 130 863 (56 739) (87 716) 15 339 630 11 043 147 15 339 630 11 043 147 Summary consolidated annual financial statements Revenue * Restated for the adoption of IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements and IAS 19 (Revised) – Employee Benefits. 163 Group statistics FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2014 AUDITED 2014 2013 Restated* Number of ordinary shares 100 798 786 99 506 412 – Shares in issue – Less: Shares held by share trusts 112 104 493 (11 305 707) 111 149 510 (11 643 098) Weighted average number of shares (’000s) Fully diluted weighted average number of shares (’000s) Total operations EPS – R HEPS – R Fully diluted EPS – R Fully diluted HEPS – R Continuing operations EPS – R HEPS – R Fully diluted EPS – R Fully diluted HEPS – R Dividend cover (based on earnings per share) Dividends per share (cents) – Interim – Final Net asset value per share – R Net debt to equity ratio Current ratio 100 053 101 897 97 775 98 402 4,01 4,07 3,94 3,99 2,64 2,83 2,62 2,81 4,04 4,07 3,97 4,00 4,0 100,0 3,13 3,20 3,11 3,18 3,9 67,0 45,0 55,0 32,0 35,0 25,99 – 1,2 21,65 – 1,2 * Restated for the adoption of IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements and IAS 19 (Revised) – Employee Benefits. EPS: Earnings per share. HEPS: Headline earnings per share. Estimates and contingencies GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 The group makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future, particularly with regard to construction contract profit taking, provisions, arbitrations and claims and various fair value accounting policies. 164 Of particular relevance is the group’s provision for an estimated potential administrative penalty to be levied by the Competition Commission raised in June 2013. For more detail on this matter please refer to page 82 of this integrated annual report. A settlement with the Commission remains outstanding. Accounting estimates and judgements can, by definition, only approximate results, as the actual results may differ from such estimates. Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historic experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Stakeholder attention is drawn to the contingent risk of civil claims possibly being lodged against the group, and all construction companies which were party to anti-competitive behaviour, following the Competition Commission release of its findings in June 2013 and the public interest reported in recent months. To date, no claim has been instituted against the group. Total financial institution guarantees given to third parties on behalf of subsidiary companies amounted to R3 643 million as at 30 June 2014, compared to R3 676 million as at 31 December 2013 and R4 369 million as at 30 June 2013. Dividend declaration On 5 August 2014, the directors declared a gross dividend of 55 cents per ordinary share (cents per ordinary share net of dividend tax) (2013: 35 cents). This brings the total dividend for the year to 100 cents. (2013: 67 cents). The dividend has been declared from income reserves. In terms of Dividends Tax, the following additional information is disclosed: The dividend is subject to dividend tax at 15% (8.25 cents per share). The STC credits utilised per share amounts to 0 cents per share There are no STC credits available for future dividends The net dividend will therefore be 46.75000 cents per share for shareholders who are not exempt from dividends tax The amount of shares in issue at the date of this declaration is 112 104 493 (100 798 786 exclusive of treasury shares) and the company’s tax reference number is 9625/077/71/5. In order to comply with the requirements of STRATE, the relevant details are: Event Date Last date to trade (cum dividend) Thursday, 18 September 2014 Shares to commence trading (ex-dividend) Friday, 19 September 2014 Record date (date shareholders recorded in books) Friday, 26 September 2014 Payment date Monday, 29 September 2014 Summary consolidated annual financial statements No share certificates may be dematerialised or rematerialised between Friday, 19 September 2014 and Friday, 26 September 2014, both dates inclusive. 165 Analysis of shareholders AT 30 JUNE 2014 1. 2. GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 3. 166 No of shareholders % No of shares % 1 – 1 000 shares 1 001 – 10 000 shares 10 001 – 100 000 shares 100 001 – 1 000 000 shares 1 000 001 shares and over 3 568 889 341 130 17 72.15 17.98 6.90 2.63 0.34 984 434 3 012 484 11 769 154 45 194 257 51 144 164 0.88 2.69 10.50 40.31 45.62 Totals 4 945 100.00 112 104 493 100.00 Banks Close corporations Empowerment Endowment funds Government Individuals Insurance companies Investment companies Medical schemes Mutual funds Nominees & trusts Other corporations Private companies Public companies Retirement funds Share trust 56 20 3 29 1 4 042 38 9 10 154 284 6 70 7 215 1 1.13 0.41 0.06 0.59 0.02 81.74 0.77 0.18 0.20 3.11 5.74 0.12 1.42 0.14 4.35 0.02 13 498 695 51 553 13 272 001 449 269 12 516 5 136 089 3 229 174 1 074 883 115 578 36 233 168 1 720 618 6 710 5 046 948 22 663 32 200 922 33 706 12.04 0.05 11.84 0.40 0.01 4.58 2.88 0.96 0.10 32.32 1.54 0.01 4.50 0.02 28.72 0.03 Totals 4 945 100.00 112 104 493 100.00 Non-public shareholders 25 0.50 14 031 869 12.52 Directors of the company Executive committee members of the company Senior management of the company Empowerment trusts Share trusts 2 7 12 3 1 0.04 0.14 0.24 0.06 0.02 312 984 295 977 117 201 13 272 001 33 706 0.28 0.26 0.11 11.84 0.03 Public shareholders 4 920 99.50 98 072 624 87.48 Totals 4 945 100.00 112 104 493 100.00 SHAREHOLDER SPREAD DISTRIBUTION OF SHAREHOLDERS PUBLIC/NON-PUBLIC SHAREHOLDERS 5. 6. % Government Employees Pension Fund Group Five Ltd Black Professionals Staff Trust Coronation Fund Managers Sanlam 16 893 330 12 356 865 9 048 812 6 608 858 15.07 11.02 8.07 5.90 Totals 44 907 865 40.06 MR Upton CMF Teixeira 237 614 75 370 0.21 0.07 Totals 312 984 0.28 15 059 90 153 25 312 15 703 25 967 82 150 41 633 0.01 0.08 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.04 295 977 0.26 5 904 20 000 3 838 30 276 865 8 500 300 2 597 15 927 13 700 14 544 750 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 117 201 0.11 Group Five Ltd Black Professionals Staff Trust Black Management Scheme Group Five Black Management Scheme – exiting participants 12 356 865 893 249 21 887 11.02 0.80 0.02 Totals 13 272 001 11.84 Rivonia Share Scheme Services (Proprietary) Limited 33 706 0.03 Totals 33 706 0.03 BENEFICIAL SHAREHOLDERS HOLDING 5% OR MORE DIRECTORS OF THE COMPANY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEMBERS OF THE COMPANY J Doorasamy P le Sueur AJ McJannet GD Mottram E Vemer JA Wallace WI Zeelie Totals 7. SENIOR MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY PJ de Vries FH Enslin JW Hillary NM Humphreys NC Katamzi KR Maharaj DA Morgan HBE Rossocha SH Ryninks JAE Stragier E van Rooyen MP van Rooyen Totals 8. 9. EMPOWERMENT TRUSTS SHARE TRUST Summary consolidated annual financial statements 4. No of shares 167 Analysis of shareholders continued 10. Name of shareholder 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Government Employees Pension Fund Group Five Ltd Black Professionals Staff Trust Coronation Fund Managers Sanlam Old Mutual Investment Solutions Dimensional Fund Advisors Fidelity Prudential PSG Group Investec Ellerine Brothers Metal & Engineering Industries Mines Pension Fund Transnet Pension Fund Absa Strategic Investment Service Management Company Eskom Pension & Provident Fund Cape Retirement Funds Nedbank Group GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 16 893 330 12 356 865 9 048 812 6 608 858 4 673 891 3 299 107 3 016 884 2 609 929 2 611 188 2 435 239 2 157 787 2 144 991 1 607 471 1 461 266 1 379 145 1 324 519 1 037 862 1 034 668 996 220 963 233 15.07 11.02 8.07 5.90 4.17 2.94 2.69 2.33 2.33 2.17 1.92 1.91 1.43 1.30 1.23 1.18 0.93 0.92 0.89 0.86 77 661 265 69.26 94 184 653 10 800 503 2 931 687 1 472 674 1 181 924 546 131 469 400 221 000 131 366 61 482 84.02 9.63 2.62 1.31 1.05 0.49 0.42 0.20 0.12 0.05 112 000 820 99.91 TOP TEN COUNTRIES BASED ON BENEFICIAL SHAREHOLDERS Rank Name of country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 South Africa USA Luxembourg UK Namibia Swaziland Sweden Denmark Netherlands Ireland Totals 168 % TOP TWENTY BENEFICIAL SHAREHOLDERS BY SIZE Rank Totals 11. No of shares Notice of the annual general meeting GROUP FIVE LIMITED 1.4 (Registration number 1969/000032/06) (Incorporated in the Republic of South Africa) Share code: GRF ISIN Code: ZAE000027405 (“Group Five” or “the company” or “the group”) ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 1.4 “RESOLVED that VM Rague be and is hereby elected as a director of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 1.5 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 1.5 “RESOLVED that MR Thompson be and is hereby elected as a director of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” NOTICE OF ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING Notice is hereby given that the annual general meeting of shareholders of the company will be held at the registered office of Group Five, No 9 Country Estate Drive, Waterfall Business Estate, Jukskei View, Johannesburg, on Tuesday, 4 November 2014 at 11:00, for the purpose of dealing with the following business and considering, and if deemed fit, passing with or without modification, the resolutions as set out in this notice. The annual financial statements of the company and the group, including the reports of the directors, group audit committee and the independent auditors, for the year ended 30 June 2014, will be presented to shareholders as required in terms of section 30(3)(d) of the Companies Act, No 71 of 2008, as amended (“the Companies Act”), (summary consolidated annual financial statements are included in the integrated annual report, with the consolidated annual financial statements available in the supplementary report to the integrated annual report on the group’s website). Resolutions for consideration and adoption 1. ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 1: Election and re-election of directors To elect by separate resolutions NJ Chinyanta, W Louw, B Ngonyama, VM Rague and MR Thompson being appointed by the board of directors since the last annual general meeting of the company, who are in accordance with the provisions of clause 24.2 of the company’s memorandum of incorporation, obliged to retire at this annual general meeting and, being eligible, offer themselves for election. 1.1 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 1.1 “RESOLVED that NJ Chinyanta be and is hereby elected as a director of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 1.2 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 1.2 “RESOLVED that W Louw be and is hereby elected as a director of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 1.3 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 1.3 “RESOLVED that B Ngonyama be and is hereby elected as a director of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 1.6 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 1.6 “RESOLVED that JL Job be and is hereby re-elected as a director of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 1.7 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 1.7 “RESOLVED that KK Mpinga be and is hereby reelected as a director of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” The board of directors has assessed the performance of the directors standing for election and re-election, and has found them suitable for appointment and reappointment. A brief CV in respect of each director standing for election or re-election, as the case may be, appears on pages 102 to 105 of this integrated annual report as well as in supplementary information to the integrated annual report available on the group’s website. 2. ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 2: Election of group audit committee members subject, where necessary, to their reappointment as directors of the company in terms of the resolutions in paragraph 1 above. To elect by separate resolutions a group audit committee comprising independent non-executive directors, as provided in section 94(4) of the Companies Act and appointed in terms of section 94(2) of the Companies Act to hold office until the next annual general meeting to perform the duties and responsibilities stipulated in section 94(7) of the Companies Act and the King III Report on Governance for South Africa 2009 and to perform such other duties and responsibilities as may from time to time be delegated by the board of directors for the company and all subsidiary companies. 2.1 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 2.1 “RESOLVED that SG Morris be and is hereby re-elected as a member and chairperson of the group audit committee of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” Summary consolidated annual financial statements Presentation of audited annual financial statements JL Job and KK Mpinga are obliged to retire by rotation at this annual general meeting in accordance with the provisions of clause 24.6.2 of the company’s memorandum of incorporation. Having so retired and being eligible, JL Job and KK Mpinga offer themselves for re-election. 169 Notice of the annual general meeting continued 2.2 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 2.2 “RESOLVED that JL Job be and is hereby re-elected as a member of the group audit committee of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 2.3 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 2.3 “RESOLVED that KK Mpinga be and is hereby re-elected as a member of the group audit committee of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 2.4 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 2.4 “RESOLVED that B Ngonyama be and is hereby elected as a member of the group audit committee of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 2.5 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 2.5 “RESOLVED that VM Rague be and is hereby elected as a member of the group audit committee of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 2.6 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 2.6 “RESOLVED that MR Thompson be and is hereby elected as a member of the group audit committee of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 3. ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 3: Election of group social and ethics committee members subject, where necessary, to their reappointment as directors of the company in terms of the resolutions in paragraph 1 above. To elect by separate resolutions a group social and ethics committee, as provided in section 72(4) of the Companies Act and regulation 43 of the Companies Regulations, 2011 (“Regulations”), appointed in terms of regulation 43(2) of the Regulations to hold office until the next annual general meeting and to perform the duties and responsibilities stipulated in regulation 43(5) of the Regulations and to perform such other duties and responsibilities as may from time to time be delegated by the board of directors for the company and all subsidiary companies. GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 3.1 170 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 3.1 “RESOLVED that B Ngonyama be and is hereby elected as a member and chairperson of the group social and ethics committee of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 3.2 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 3.2 “RESOLVED that W Louw be and is hereby elected as a member of the group social and ethics committee of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 3.3 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 3.3 “RESOLVED that MR Upton be and is hereby re-elected as a member of the group social and ethics committee of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 3.4 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 3.4 “RESOLVED that CMF Teixeira be and is hereby re-elected as a member of the group social and ethics committee of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 3.5 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 3.5 “RESOLVED that J Doorasamy be and is hereby elected as a member of the group social and ethics committee of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 3.6 ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 3.6 “RESOLVED that GD Mottram be and is hereby re-elected as a member of the group social and ethics committee of the company with effect from 4 November 2014.” 4. ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 4: Approval of remuneration policy “RESOLVED through a non-binding advisory vote, the company’s remuneration policy and its implementation, as set out in the remuneration report contained on pages 123 to 149 of this integrated annual report be and is hereby approved.” This ordinary resolution is of an advisory nature only and although the board will take the outcome of the vote into consideration when determining the remuneration policy, failure to pass this resolution will not legally preclude the company from implementing the remuneration policy as contained in the integrated annual report. 5. ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 5: Re-appointment of auditors As set out in the group audit committee report on the supplementary information to the integrated annual report available on the group’s website, the group audit committee has assessed PricewaterhouseCoopers Incorporated’s performance, independence and suitability and has nominated them for reappointment as independent external auditors of the group, to hold office until the next annual general meeting. “RESOLVED that PricewaterhouseCoopers Incorporated, with the designated audit partner being AJ Rossouw, be and is hereby reappointed as independent external auditors of the group for the ensuing year. Further that the term of engagement and fees be determined by the audit committee.” 6. ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 6: Control of authorised but unissued shares “RESOLVED that the authorised but unissued shares in the capital of the company be and are hereby placed under the control and authority of the directors of the company and that the directors of the company be and are hereby authorised and empowered to allot, issue and otherwise dispose of such shares to such person or persons on such terms and conditions and at such times as the directors of the company may from time to time and at their discretion deem fit, subject to the provisions of the Companies Act, the memorandum of incorporation of the company and the JSE Limited (“JSE”) Listings Requirements, when applicable. The issuing of shares granted under this authority will be limited to Group Five’s existing contractual obligations to issue shares, including for purposes of the Group Five Share Appreciation Right Scheme (“SARS”) approved on 13 October 7. ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 7: Authority to sign all documents required “RESOLVED that any one of the directors and/or the group secretary be and is hereby authorised to do all such things and sign all documents and procure the doing of all such things and the signature of all such documents as may be necessary or incidental to give effect to all ordinary and special resolutions to be proposed at the annual general meeting at which this resolution will be proposed.” 8. SPECIAL RESOLUTION NUMBER 1: Authorisation of non-executive directors’ remuneration “RESOLVED that the proposed remuneration of nonexecutive directors for the year ended 30 June 2015 be approved as follows: F2014 Main board – chairperson Main board – non-executive director Lead independent director Audit committee – chairperson Audit committee – member Remuneration committee – chairperson Remuneration committee – member Risk committee – chairperson Risk committee – member Nominations committee – chairperson* Nominations committee – member Social and ethics committee – chairperson Social and ethics committee – member Extraordinary services – per hour F2015 (proposed) R860 000 R215 000 R360 600 R211 000 R105 000 R920 000 R230 000 R385 000 R225 000 R112 000 R143 000 R153 000 R73 500 R143 000 R73 500 R79 000 R153 000 R79 000 R105 000 R55 500 R112 000 R59 500 R143 000 R153 000 R73 500 R3 000 R79 000 R3 210 * Included in chairperson fee. 9. SPECIAL RESOLUTION NUMBER 2: General authority to repurchase shares “RESOLVED that, subject to compliance with the JSE Listings Requirements, the Companies Act and the memorandum of incorporation of the company, the directors of the company be and are hereby authorised at their discretion to procure that the company or subsidiaries of the company acquire by repurchase on the JSE ordinary shares issued by the company provided that: the number of ordinary shares acquired in any one financial year shall not exceed 20% (twenty percent) of the ordinary shares in issue at the date on which this resolution is passed; this must be effected through the order book operated by the JSE trading system and done without any prior understanding or arrangement between the company and the counterparty; this authority shall lapse on the earlier of the date of the next annual general meeting of the company or 15 months after the date on which this resolution is passed; and the price paid per ordinary share may not be greater than 10% (ten percent) above the weighted average of the market value of the ordinary shares for the five business days immediately preceding the date on which a purchase is made.” Rationale for the authority The rationale for this special resolution is to authorise the directors, if they deem it appropriate in the interests of the company, to procure that the company or subsidiaries of the company acquire or repurchase ordinary shares issued by the company subject to the restrictions contained in the above resolution. At the present time the directors have no specific intention with regard to the utilisation of this authority which will only be used if the circumstances are appropriate. The directors, after considering the effect of a repurchase of up to 20% (twenty percent) of the company’s issued ordinary shares, are of the opinion that if such repurchase is implemented: the company and the group will be able to pay their debts in the ordinary course of business for a period of 12 months after the date of this notice; the recognised and measured assets of the company and the group in accordance with the accounting policies used in the latest audited annual group financial statements, will exceed the liabilities of the company and the group for a period of 12 months after the date of this notice; the ordinary capital and reserves of the company and the group will be adequate for the purposes of the business of the company and the group for a period of 12 months after the date of this notice; and the working capital of the company and the group will be adequate for the purposes of the business of the company and the group for a period of 12 months after the date of this notice. The directors undertake that: the company or the group will not repurchase securities during a prohibited period as defined in paragraph 3.67 of the JSE Listings Requirements unless the company has a repurchase programme in place where the dates and quantities of securities to be traded during the relevant prohibited period are fixed (not subject to any variation) and full details of the programme have been disclosed in an announcement released on SENS prior to the commencement of the prohibited period; an announcement will be made when the company has cumulatively repurchased 3% of the initial number of the relevant class of securities, and for each 3% (three percent) in aggregate of the initial number of that class acquired thereafter; the company will only appoint one agent to effect any repurchase(s) on its behalf; Summary consolidated annual financial statements 2010, the Group Five Long Term Share Incentive Plan (“LTIP”) approved on 27 November 2012, any scrip dividend and/or capitalisation share award, and shares required to be issued for the purpose of carrying out the terms of the SARS and LTIP employee schemes.” 171 Notice of the annual general meeting continued prior to entering the market to repurchase the company’s securities, a company resolution to authorise the repurchase will have been passed in accordance with the requirements of section 48 of the Companies Act, and stating that the board has acknowledged that it has applied the solvency and liquidity test as set out in section 4 of the Companies Act and has reasonably concluded that the company will satisfy the solvency and liquidity test immediately after completing the proposed distribution; and the company will not enter the market to repurchase the company’s securities until the company’s sponsor has provided written confirmation to the JSE regarding the adequacy of the company’s working capital in accordance with Schedule 25 of the JSE Listings Requirements. 10. SPECIAL RESOLUTION NUMBER 3: General authority to provide financial assistance to related companies and inter-related companies “RESOLVED as a special resolution in terms of the Companies Act that the provision by the company of any direct or indirect financial assistance as contemplated in section 45 of the Companies Act to any 1 (one) or more related or inter-related companies of the company, be and is hereby approved, provided that: 1. (i) the specific recipient or recipients of such financial assistance; (ii) the form, nature and extent of such financial assistance; (iii) the terms and conditions under which such financial assistance is provided are determined by the board of directors of the company from time to time; 2. the board has satisfied the requirements of section 45 of the Companies Act in relation to the provision of any financial assistance; 3. such financial assistance to a recipient thereof is, in the opinion of the board of directors of the company, required for the purpose of: DISCLOSURES REQUIRED IN TERMS OF THE JSE LISTINGS REQUIREMENTS The following information is provided in accordance with paragraph 11.26 of the JSE Listings Requirements and relates to special resolution number 2 above. LITIGATION STATEMENT Other than disclosed or accounted for in the consolidated annual financial statements, the directors of the company, whose names are given on pages 102 to 103 of this integrated annual report, are not aware of any legal or arbitration proceedings, pending or threatened against the group, which may have or have had a material effect on the group’s financial position in the 12 months preceding the date of this notice of annual general meeting. Please refer to page 82 of this integrated annual report for additional information on The Competition Commission of South Africa investigation into the Construction industry and its current and future effect on the group. DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITY STATEMENT GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 The directors, whose names are given on pages 102 to 105 of this integrated annual report, collectively and individually accept full responsibility for the accuracy of the information given in special resolution number 2, and certify that to the best of their knowledge and belief there are no facts that have been omitted which would make any statements false or misleading and that all reasonable enquiries to ascertain such facts have been made and that this resolution and additional disclosure in terms of paragraph 11.26 of the JSE Listings Requirements pertaining thereto contain all information required by law and the JSE Listings Requirements. 172 MATERIAL CHANGES Other than the facts and developments reported on in these consolidated annual financial statements, there have been no material changes in the affairs, financial or trading position of the group since the signature date of this integrated annual report and the posting date thereof. The following disclosures required in terms of the JSE Listings Requirements are set out in accordance with the reference pages in this integrated annual report of which this notice forms part: directors and management (pages 102 to 105 and 116 to 117); major shareholders of the company (pages 166 to 168); directors’ interests in securities (page 167); and share capital of the company (page 159). (i) meeting all or any of such recipient’s operating expenses (including capital expenditure), and/or (ii) funding the growth, expansion, reorganisation or restructuring of the businesses or operations of such recipient; and/or (iii) any other purpose, which in the opinion of the board of directors of the company, is directly or indirectly in the interests of the company; and 4. the authority granted in terms of this special resolution shall end 2 (two) years from the date of adoption of this special resolution.” Rationale for the authority The rationale for Special Resolution number 3 is to grant the directors of Group Five the authority to provide direct or indirect financial assistance through the lending of money, guaranteeing of a loan or other obligation and securing any debt or obligation, to its subsidiaries, associates and inter-related companies. 11. TO TRANSACT SUCH OTHER BUSINESS AS MAY BE TRANSACTED AT AN ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING. RECORD DATE The board of directors of the company have set Friday, 24 October 2014, as the record date for determining which shareholders are entitled to participate in and vote at the annual general meeting. VOTING AND PROXIES A member entitled to attend and vote at the annual general meeting is entitled to appoint a proxy/proxies to attend, speak, and on a poll, vote in his/her stead. A proxy need not to be a member of the company. A form of proxy is attached for the convenience of any certificated shareholder and own-name registered dematerialised shareholder who cannot attend the annual general meeting, but who wishes to be represented thereat. CERTIFICATED SHAREHOLDERS AND DEMATERIALISED SHAREHOLDERS WITH OWNNAME REGISTRATION Shareholders wishing to attend the annual general meeting have to ensure beforehand with the transfer secretaries of the company that their shares are in fact registered in their own name. Should this not be the case and the shares are registered in another name or in the name of a nominee company, it is incumbent on shareholders attending the meeting to make the necessary arrangements with that party to be able to attend and vote in their capacity. DEMATERIALISED SHAREHOLDERS Shareholders who have dematerialised their shares and who wish to attend the annual general meeting have to request their Central Securities Depository Participant (“CSDP”) or broker to provide them with a Letter of Representation. Should shareholders who have dematerialised their ordinary shares wish to vote by proxy, they must provide their CSDP or broker with their voting instructions in terms of the custody agreement entered into between the dematerialised shareholders and their CSDP or broker. PROXIES The instrument appointing a proxy and the authority (if any) under which it is signed must reach the transfer secretaries of the company at the address given below, by no later than 11:00 on Friday, 31 October 2014. On a poll every shareholder of the company present in person or represented by proxy shall have one vote for every share held in the company by the shareholder. N Katamzi Company secretary 5 August 2014 Registered office No 9 Country Estate Drive Waterfall Business Estate Jukskei View Johannesburg 1662 Transfer secretaries Computershare Investor Services (Pty) Limited 70 Marshall Street Johannesburg 2001 Postnet Suite 500 Private Bag X26 Sunninghill 2157 PO Box 61051 Marshalltown 2107 Summary consolidated annual financial statements By order of the board 173 174 GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 Form of proxy GROUP FIVE LIMITED (Registration number 1969/000032/06) (Incorporated in the Republic of South Africa) Share code: GRF ISIN code: ZAE000027405 (“Group Five” or “the company” or “the group”) For use at the annual general meeting of the holders of ordinary shares in the company (“Group Five shareholders”) to be held at the registered office of Group Five, No 9 Country Estate Drive, Waterfall Business Estate, Jukskei View, Johannesburg on Tuesday, 4 November 2014 (“the annual general meeting”) at 11:00. Group Five shareholders who have dematerialised their Group Five shares through a CSDP or broker must not complete this form of proxy and must provide their CSDP or broker with their voting instructions, except for Group Five shareholders who have elected own-name registration in the sub-register through a CSDP or broker and certificated shareholders, which shareholders must complete this form of proxy and lodge it with the transfer secretaries. Holders of dematerialised Group Five shares wishing to attend the annual general meeting must inform their CSDP or broker of such intention and request their CSDP/broker to issue them with the relevant authorisation to attend. I/We of (address) being the registered holder/s of ordinary shares in the capital of the company, hereby appoint (see note 1): 1. or, failing him/her 2. or, failing him/her 3. or, failing him/her the chairperson of the annual general meeting as my/our proxy to act for me/us at the annual general meeting for the purposes of considering and, if deemed fit, passing, with or without modification, the resolutions to be proposed thereat and at each adjournment thereof and to vote for and/or against the resolutions and/or abstain from voting in respect of the ordinary shares registered in my/our name/s in accordance with the instructions/notes on the reverse side hereof. Proposed ordinary/special resolutions In favour Against Abstain 1. Ordinary Resolution 1 to elect and re-elect directors 1.1 Election of NJ Chinyanta as a director 1.2 Election of W Louw as a director 1.3 Election of B Ngonyama as a director 1.4 Election of VM Rague as a director 1.5 Election of MR Thompson as a director 1.6 Re-election of JL Job as a director 1.7 Re-election of KK Mpinga as a director 2. Ordinary Resolution 2 to elect group audit committee members 2.1 Re-election of SG Morris as member and chairperson of the group audit committee 2.2 Re-election of JL Job as member of the group audit committee 2.3 Re-election of KK Mpinga as member of the group audit committee 2.4 Election of B Ngonyama as member of the group audit committee 2.5 Election of VM Rague as member of the group audit committee 2.6 Election of MR Thompson as member of the group audit committee 3. Ordinary Resolution 3 to elect group social and ethics committee members 3.1 Election of B Ngonyama as member and chairperson of group social and ethics committee 3.2 Election of W Louw as member of social and ethics committee 3.3 Re-election of MR Upton as member of social and ethics committee 3.4 Re-election CMF Teixeira as member of social and ethics committee 3.5 Election of J Doorasamy as member of social and ethics committee 3.6 Re-election of GD Mottram as member of social and ethics committee 4. Ordinary Resolution 4 to approve, through a non-binding advisory vote, the company’s remuneration policy 5. Ordinary Resolution 5 to re-appoint PricewaterhouseCoopers Incorporated as independent external auditors 6. Ordinary Resolution 6 to place authorised but unissued shares under the control of the directors 7. Ordinary Resolution 7 to authorise director and/or group company secretary to implement the resolutions set out in the notice convening the annual general meeting Special Resolutions 8. Special Resolution 1 to approve non-executive directors’ remuneration 9. Special Resolution 2 to authorise directors to repurchase company shares 10. Special Resolution 3 to authorise financial assistance to related or inter-related companies A member entitled to attend and vote at the annual general meeting may appoint one or more proxies to attend, vote, speak and act in his stead. A proxy need not be a member of the company. Signed at on 2014 Signature assisted by me (where applicable) (State capacity and full name) (see note 10). Please use block letters. Summary consolidated annual financial statements Ordinary resolutions Please read the notes on the reverse side hereof. 175 Notes to the form of proxy 1. This form of proxy must only be used by certificated ordinary shareholders or dematerialised ordinary shareholders who hold dematerialised ordinary shares with “own-name” registrations. 2. Dematerialised ordinary shareholders are reminded that the onus is on them to communicate with their CSDP or broker. 3. A Group Five shareholder may insert the name of a proxy or the names of two alternative proxies of his/her choice in the spaces provided, with or without deleting “the chairperson of the general meeting”, but any such deletion must be initialled by the Group Five shareholder concerned. 4. If two or more proxies attend the meeting, then that person attending the meeting whose name appears first on the form of proxy, and whose name is not deleted, shall be regarded as the validly appointed proxy. 5. The authority of a person signing a form of proxy in a representative capacity must be attached to the form of proxy unless that authority has already been recorded by the company’s transfer secretaries or waived by the chairperson of the annual general meeting. 6. In order to be effective, forms of proxy must reach the registered office of the company or the company’s transfer secretaries at least 48 hours before the time appointed for holding the meeting (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays). 7. Any alteration or correction made to this form of proxy must be initialled by the signatory/(ies). 8. If this form of proxy is returned without any indication as to how the proxy should vote, the proxy will be entitled to vote or abstain from voting as he thinks fit. 9. The delivery of the duly completed form of proxy shall not preclude any member or his duly authorised representative from attending the meeting, speaking and voting instead of such duly appointed proxy. 10. A minor must be assisted by his/her parent or guardian unless the relevant documents establishing his/her legal capacity are produced or have been registered by the company. 11. Where there are joint holders of any shares: GROUP FIVE Integrated annual report 2014 any one holder may sign this form of proxy; and the vote(s) of the senior shareholders (for that purpose seniority will be determined by the order in which the names of shareholders appear in the company’s register of members) who tenders a vote (whether in person or by proxy) will be accepted to the exclusion of the vote(s) of the other joint shareholder(s). 176 Registered office No 9 Country Estate Drive Waterfall Business Estate Jukskei View Johannesburg 1662 Transfer secretaries Computershare Investor Services (Pty) Limited 70 Marshall Street Johannesburg 2001 Postnet Suite 500 Private Bag X26 Sunninghill 2157 PO Box 61051 Marshalltown 2107 ;ZZYWVX`dkZgi]ZaVhi[ZlnZVgh^cY^XViZYi]VibdhihiV`Z]daYZghldjaYegZ[ZgVhjbbVg^hZYeg^ciZY^ciZ\gViZY VccjVagZedgi!l]^X]lZegdYjXZY[dgi]Z[^ghii^bZ^c;'%%-# I]^hnZVg!lZV\V^cXdcYZchZYi]Zeg^ciZYhZXi^dcd[djg^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi!l^i]VYY^i^dcVa^c[dgbVi^dc VkV^aVWaZdcdjglZWh^iZ# I]^h^ciZ\gViZYVccjVagZedgi^heg^ciZYdcAjb^eVeZg#>i^hXZgi^[^ZYWni]Z;dgZhiHiZlVgYh]^e8djcX^aVcY Egd\gVbbZ[dgi]Z:cYdghZbZcid[;dgZhi8Zgi^[^XVi^dcHX]ZbZhE:;8$8]V^cd[8jhidYn#I]ZeVeZg^hZhhZci^Vaan X]adg^cZ[gZZVcYgZXnXaVWaZ#>i^hbVcj[VXijgZYjh^c\dcanlddY[gdbhjhiV^cVWaZ[dgZhih# Cd.8djcign:hiViZ9g^kZ!LViZg[Vaa7jh^cZhh:hiViZ!?j`h`Z^K^Zl!?d]VccZhWjg\!&++'rEdhicZiHj^iZ*%%!Eg^kViZ7V\M'+!Hjcc^c\]^aa!'&*, Hdji]6[g^XVrIZa/ ',&%%+%&***r;Vm/ ',-+'%+(--*r^c[d@\gdje[^kZ#Xd#oV lll#\gdje[^kZ#Xd#oV