USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN
AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY:
INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
MRK428-MU
Travis Beitler
Professor JD Singh
USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
Table of Contents
1. Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................... 3
2. Identification of the Problem .................................................................................................................... 3
3. SWOT Analysis........................................................................................................................................... 4
3. 1. Strengths ........................................................................................................................................... 4
Strength 1. Highly innovative newspaper company that has been a leader in news development .... 4
Strength 2 – Gannett is currently the largest newspaper distributor in terms of circulation. ............. 5
Strength 3 – Strong portfolio with multiple Brand Extensions and Partnerships................................. 5
Strength 4 – Excellent presence and distribution in the digital environment. ..................................... 5
3.2. Weaknesses ....................................................................................................................................... 6
Weakness 1 – Relatively small amount of digital subscribers. ............................................................. 6
Weakness 2 – Overall revenue and profit is decreasing in their print distribution. ............................. 6
Weakness 3 – Majority of USA Today’s circulation is confined in the United States. .......................... 7
3.3. Opportunities ..................................................................................................................................... 7
Opportunity 1 – Consumers continue to desire information on demand and on mobile devices,
leading to a lush environment in digital media. ................................................................................... 7
Opportunity 2 – Overall global opportunity to expand in digital media. ............................................. 7
Opportunity 3 – Interest in mobile applications and gaming continues to gain popularity. ................ 8
Opportunity 4 – Social Media continues to grow and gain in popularity with consumers for news
distribution............................................................................................................................................ 9
3.4. Threats ............................................................................................................................................... 9
Threat 1 – High cost in print distribution and print media. ................................................................ 10
Threat 2- Strong competition from other media competitors. .......................................................... 10
Threat 3 – Consumers desire information that is distributed freely online, leading to fewer
purchases in print media. ................................................................................................................... 10
Threat 4 – Decreased popularity in Classified Advertising. ................................................................ 10
Threat 5 – Top competitors Wall Street Journal and The New York Times, continue to have far more
success in digital subscriptions. .......................................................................................................... 11
4. Organizational Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 11
5. Analysis of Alternatives ........................................................................................................................... 12
5.1. Development of complete Social Media integration with news stories, mobile gaming, and mobile
applications. ............................................................................................................................................ 12
5.2. Increased presence in digital global market and decreased presence in foreign print. .................. 13
6. Recommendation .................................................................................................................................... 14
TRAVIS BEITLER
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
Reasons Why ....................................................................................................................................... 14
7. Implementation Plan .............................................................................................................................. 14
7.1. Short Term Plan (1-3 Months) ......................................................................................................... 14
7.2. Long Term Plan (3 Months +) ........................................................................................................... 15
Works Cited ................................................................................................................................................. 16
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
1. Executive Summary
USA Today is the largest circulated American newspaper with over 1.8 million subscriptions. However,
USA Today is facing large losses in print and digital revenue, causing them to have lower profit gains.
This is due to the rising cost of print publication and distribution, too much focus on the American
market, loss of subscribers to their major competitors The Wall Street Journal and The New York Times,
stiff competition from other news mediums, consumers expecting free internet news, and finally overall
decrease in Classified Advertising.
To combat this, USA Today must take advantage of the consumers desire to reach more information
through mobile platforms, recognize their opportunity to grow in the global digital market, take
advantage of the growing popularity in mobile application and gaming platforms, and unify social media
across all mobile touch points.
If USA Today wishes to grow in the dynamic news distribution environment, they must develop a way to
integrate their Social Media platforms with news stories, mobile gaming, and mobile applications.
2. Identification of the Problem
USA Today is the most circulated print newspaper in the United States. They also have a strong digital
presence where they have up to 24 million unique internet visitors each month.
Although the above is true, they’re having strong economic trouble over the past few years. USA
Today’s problem is that they’re losing overall print and digital revenue, causing them to have lower
profit gains.
Symptoms include:






Rising cost of print publication and distribution
Too much dependence on the United States news media industry
Losing overall digital subscriptions to their competitors which include The Wall Street Journal
and The New York Times
Fierce competition in distributing news information from other media competitors
Consumers adapting to free internet news, leading to fewer purchases in print and digital media
An overall decrease in Classified Advertising as businesses turn to Craigslist and Kijiji to access
their consumers.
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
3. SWOT Analysis


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

Strengths
Strength 1 – Highly innovative newspaper
company that has been a leader in news
development
Strength 2 – Gannett is currently the largest
newspaper distributor in terms of circulation.
Strength 3 – Strong portfolio with multiple
Brand Extensions and Partnerships.
Strength 4 – Excellent presence and
distribution in the digital environment.
Opportunities
Opportunity 1 – Consumers continue to
desire information on demand and on mobile
devices, leading to a lush environment in
digital media.
Opportunity 2 – Overall global opportunity to
expand in digital media.
Opportunity 3 – Interest in mobile
applications and gaming continues to gain
popularity.
Opportunity 4 – Social Media continues to
grow and gain in popularity with consumers
for news distribution.








Weaknesses
Weakness 1 – Relatively small amount of
digital subscribers.
Weakness 2 – Overall sales revenue and
profit is decreasing in their print distribution.
Weakness 3 – Majority of USA Today’s
circulation is confined in the United States.
Threats
Threat 1 – High cost in print distribution and
print media.
Threat 2- Strong competition from other
media competitors.
Threat 3 – Consumers desire information that
is distributed freely online, leading to fewer
purchases in print media.
Threat 4 – Decreased popularity in Classified
Advertising.
Threat 5 – Top competitors Wall Street
Journal and The New York Times, continue to
have far more success in digital subscriptions.
3. 1. Strengths
Strength 1 – Highly innovative newspaper company that has been a leader in news development
Strength 2 – Gannett is currently the largest newspaper distributor in terms of circulation.
Strength 3 – Strong portfolio with multiple Brand Extensions and Partnerships.
Strength 4 – Excellent presence and distribution in the digital environment.
Strength 1. Highly innovative newspaper company that has been a leader in news development
USA Today has built a strong foundation with its consumer base as a newspaper determined to deliver
the most up-to-date news in the most convenient way possible. They started their trend in innovation
as early as 1982 where they used highly colourful photos, graphs, and charts to attract the soundbyte
generation (Ferrell, 314). This would continue this trend of innovation by having their stories delayed 4
hours ahead of their competitors (Ferrell, 317), and reducing newspaper width from 54” to 50” in
response to customer feedback (Ferrell, 316). USA Today to this date continues to innovate, keeping in
line with their competition by providing on-demand information through both digital, and mobile
devices (Ferrell, 318).
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
Strength 2 – Gannett is currently the largest newspaper distributor in terms of circulation.
Gannett currently boasts the largest audience in the United States with a commanding “11.6 million
readers every weekday and 12 million readers every Sunday” (Ferrell, 313). Also, USA Today remains
the most circulated print newspaper in the United States with “1.8 million daily papers in circulation”
(Ferrell, 313).
Strength 3 – Strong portfolio with multiple Brand Extensions and Partnerships.
USA Today currently owns multiple retail outlets in airport terminals labelled as USA Today Travel Zone
(Ferrell, 319). They also own the following brands:



USA Today Live
Reviewed.com
AutoPilot App
And Partnerships with:








Fuse
Versus
MOJO HD
Learning.com
MLB (Major League Baseball)
Doritos
Seat Geek
National Geographic
Strength 4 – Excellent presence and distribution in the digital environment.
USA Today’s presence and distribution in the digital environment include the following:





Website (USAToday.com)
o News that is updated 24/7
o High quality video, audio that meet their consumers ever growing demands
On-Demand Information
o Developed online stories for mobile devices
o Helps fight against rising print costs
o Increases overall readership, reduces distribution and print expenses
o Blogs, RSS, Podcasts can be accessed through mobile devices (ease of accessibility)
Innovative Categorization Technology
o Stories are categorized by topic
PointRoll
o Innovative ad technology that allows “mouse roll-over” to reveal more information with
ads. This successfully engages customers with local merchants and retailers.
Network Journalism
o Consumer enriched content (Instant Messaging, News Alerts, Recommendations,
Search Functions)
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
3.2. Weaknesses
Weakness 1 – Relatively small amount of digital subscribers.
Weakness 2 – Overall sales revenue and profit is decreasing in their print distribution.
Weakness 3 – Majority of USA Today’s circulation is confined in the United States.
Weakness 1 – Relatively small amount of digital subscribers.
Although USA Today boasts at having 24 million visitors per month, they have a rather small amount of
subscribers in comparison (116,000) (Ferrell, 320).
Weakness 2 – Overall revenue and profit is decreasing in their print distribution.
Gannett is seeing overall loss in their revenue from poor performing sales in print distribution. From
their FY (Fiscal Year) in 2012 to their FY 2013, Gannett saw a loss of 4% in total revenue (“Gannet CO.
Inc.”).
Fig.1.
Revenue - Print Media Distribution 2012 - 2013
3750
3700.112
$ Millions
3700
3650
3600
3557.8
Sum of 2012
Sum of 2013
3550
3500
3450
Gannett CO. Inc.
Print Publising Company
Fig. 1. Revenue – Print Media Distribution 2012 - 2013 "Weaknesses" marketline. Nov 2014. Web. 22 Feb
2014.
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
Weakness 3 – Majority of USA Today’s circulation is confined in the United States.
Gannett’s domestic circulation revenue in print media accounts for 90% of its total revenue
comparatively to its foreign circulation revenue which accounts for 10% (Gannett CO. Inc.).
Fig. 2.
Print Media - Revenue by Geographic Segmentation
- 2013
$ Millions
6000
4645.2
4000
2000
Sum of Domestic
516.1
Sum of Foreign
0
Garnett CO. Inc.
Print Publishing Company
Fig. 2. Print Media– Revenue by Geographic Segmentation 2013 "Revenue Analysis" marketline. Nov
2014. Web. 22 Feb 2014.
3.3. Opportunities
Opportunity 1 – Consumers continue to desire information on demand and on mobile devices, leading
to a lush environment in digital media.
Opportunity 2 – Overall global opportunity to expand in digital media.
Opportunity 3 – Interest in mobile applications and gaming continues to gain popularity.
Opportunity 4 – Social Media continues to grow and gain in popularity with consumers for news
distribution.
Opportunity 1 – Consumers continue to desire information on demand and on mobile devices,
leading to a lush environment in digital media.
Consumers continue to desire information on demand in both the United States and in Canada. Mobile
devices and digital print media are driving demand and compromise for up to 35% market growth since
2006 (“News Agencies in Canada” 1).
Opportunity 2 – Overall global opportunity to expand in digital media.
There is a large portion of people who surf the internet on mobile devices as well as desktop computers.
The number of people who have access to the internet now comprises of over 1 billion people (Ferrell,
322). Canada appears to be a thriving market for digital media, as the amount of people who have
access to the internet in the country sits at 68% (“News Agencies in Canada” 1). Furthermore, there is a
high level of public interest in international news as imported International News saw revenue of $113.7
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
million, an increase of 43% since 2006 (“News Agencies in Canada” 1). Only 7% of those agencies are
satisfying Canadian local demand (“News Agencies in Canada” 1), leaving plenty of growth opportunities
in the digital environment for USA Today.
Opportunity 3 – Interest in mobile applications and gaming continues to gain popularity.
As people continue to live life in society that has become an information hub, USA Today has been quick
to adapt. They’ve formed multiple information sources that include mobile applications such as
Autopilot, which helped increase mobile traffic by 154% in 2011 (Ferrell, 324). To add to this, USA Today
is also invested in mobile gaming, developing trivia based games for their target audience. Mobile
gaming in the United States has increased drastically in popularity over the last few years. Android and
IOS games are continuously seeing increases with popular games such as “Clash of Clans” (“Video Games
in the U.S” 1). To add to this, mobile gaming alone has seen an overall increase of 287% since 2008
(“Video Games in the U.S” 1). Adding more options to mobile gaming through their website and
developing ways for consumers to update their gaming status to social media, leaves plenty of
opportunity for growth.
Fig.3.
Sales of Video Games by Category - 2008 - 2013
287%
300%
% of Growth
250%
200%
150%
Sum of 2012/2013
102%
Sum of 2008-13 CAGR
100%
50%
3% 15%
7%
31%
Sum of 2008/13 Total
0%
Digital Gaming
Mobile Gaming
Gaming Plaform
Fig. 3. Sales of Video Games by Category 2008 – 2013 "Trends" euromonitorinternational. Sept 2014.
Web. 22 Feb 2014.
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
Opportunity 4 – Social Media continues to grow and gain in popularity with consumers for news
distribution.
Social Media continues to see grow and gain popularity among mobile and digital consumers. The top 3
Social Media outlets are: Facebook, Qzone, and Sina Weibo, each one with over 500 million unique
monthly visitors ("Top 3 Trends in Social Media for 2014: Privacy, Publishing and Pictures." 1)
Fig.4.
Fig. 4. Biggest Social Networks in the World: March 2014 "Top 3 Trends in Social Media for 2014: Privacy,
Publishing and Pictures" euromonitorinternational. Apr 2014. Web. 22 Feb 2014.
With all those unique monthly visitors, comes the opportunity to distribute and publish information
digitally across social network platforms. “Functioning as something akin to a newsletter, publishing
analysis, data and PR releases to industry contacts and public subscribers offers an opportunity to
explain businesses practices and deliver the corporate message, with the ultimate goal of attracting
more contacts, clients, keyword hits on search engines and click-troughs to homepages” ("Top 3 Trends
in Social Media for 2014: Privacy, Publishing and Pictures." 1). LinkedIn for instance, set the standard for
publishing stories with over 250 million unique monthly views and providing opportunities for their
consumers to reach out beyond their website ("Top 3 Trends in Social Media for 2014: Privacy,
Publishing and Pictures." 1). As USA Today is already involved in social media, publishing their stories to
social media and linking them to other social media outlets as well as their website, could help create
awareness for their brand.
3.4. Threats
Threat 1 – High cost in print distribution and print media.
Threat 2- Strong competition from other media competitors.
Threat 3 – Consumers desire information that is distributed freely online, leading to fewer purchases in
print media.
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
Threat 4 – Decreased popularity in Classified Advertising.
Threat 5 – Top competitors Wall Street Journal and The New York Times, continue to have far more
success in digital subscriptions.
Threat 1 – High cost in print distribution and print media.
The high cost of print media continues to increase, making it difficult for publishing firms to gain more
profit. For instance, cost per ton of news print increased by 13% in 2011 (Ferrell, 323). That increase
shows no sign in slowing down, forcing the majority of news agencies to find new innovative ways of
releasing their news stories across different mediums.
Threat 2- Strong competition from other media competitors.
Fig. 5.
Source of News
Use All the Time or
Occasionally
Local TV News
76%
Network TV News
66%
Cable TV News
60%
Local Newspapers
69%
National Newspaper
25%
Weekly News Magazine
25%
Online News Aggregators
49%
Cable TV Websites
36%
National Newspaper Websites
36%
Fig. 5. Sources of News for U.S. Audits "PART 5: Cases: Case #1: USA
Today" euromonitorinternational. Sept 2014. Print. 22 Feb 2014
Use Rarely or Never
23%
32%
38%
30%
73%
72%
48%
61%
61%
USA Today continues to face fierce competition in distributing its information to their consumers. As
shown above in Fig.5, USA Today has to compete with other mediums to deliver the news which include:
Television, Digital, Local, and Podcasts. For some consumers they just prefer other forms of methods to
receive their information.
Threat 3 – Consumers desire information that is distributed freely online, leading to fewer
purchases in print media.
Consumers wish to have news information distributed to them freely versus a pay model. The three top
U.S. News distributors The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, and USA Today, have been
incorporating pay walls. These pay walls limit readers to 5-15 free stories, before they’re asked to
purchase digital access (Ferrell, 324). To add to this, 41% of consumers find their news stories off the
internet comparatively to 31% who cite from newspapers (Ferrell, 325).
Threat 4 – Decreased popularity in Classified Advertising.
Classified Advertising continues to take massive hits, due to the success of free Classified Advertising
sites such as Craigslist and Kijiji. This has led to USA Today’s print advertising revenue seeing a decrease
of 51% since 2005 (Ferrell, 322). This trend doesn’t just affect USA Today, but it has been felt all across
the publishing print sector classified advertising has decreased by 71% in just six years (Ferrell, 322).
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
Threat 5 – Top competitors Wall Street Journal and The New York Times, continue to have far
more success in digital subscriptions.
Although USA Today has 24 million unique monthly visitors, they’ve failed to actually draw in a
significant amount of digital subscribers. Compared to their biggest competitors, USA Today falls way
behind in terms of digital subscriptions (Ferrell, 320).
Newspaper
USA Today
Wall Street Journal
New York Times
Total Digital Subscribers
116,000
552,000
807,000
4. Organizational Objectives
USA Today




To increase overall profit of digital media by 10% and decrease expenses of print media by 15%
by 2016
Increase awareness of digital social media presence and news circulation by 10% by 2016
Develop and introduce more mobile applications and games for consumers by 2016.
Integrate and connect all mobile applications/games/news interfaces to social media networks
that USA Today is involved with by 2016
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
5. Analysis of Alternatives
5.1. Development of complete Social Media integration with news stories, mobile
gaming, and mobile applications.
Social media has grown incredibly popular across digital media and mobile devices. Facebook, receives
up to 900 million unique visitors monthly, Twitter 300 million, and LinkedIn 250 million ("Top 3 Trends in
Social Media for 2014: Privacy, Publishing and Pictures." 1). Based on this, consumers have a longing
desire to obtain convenient information that can be accessed through their mobile devices on the go.
Mobile gaming has seen an increase of 287% in the United States over the last six years (“Video Games
in the U.S” 1) and mobile applications continue to gain popularity statewide. With this increase in
popularity comes the opportunity for USA Today to continue purchasing applications and mobile games
for their target audience.
The important aspect to consider is not the games and applications themselves, but how exactly they
will be integrated into USA Today’s social media and news platforms. By purchasing the rights to games,
or contracting for development of one ($100,000 for IOS) (Crew) they could then integrate it onto social
media leaderboards (where consumers can see their progress comparatively to other consumers) and
link that leaderboard back to their website. Furthermore, they could add communities, discussion
boards, and forum groups where individuals involved with the game could interact with one another.
Also providing the opportunity for feedback, and connecting it across all their mobile social touch points
opens up potential for an incredibly large community.

5% of those 24 million unique individuals that visit the site each month, are potential video
gamers, who can then share the game with their friends to other social media platforms
through word of mouth. This effectively increases brand awareness of USA Today, while
providing potential profit on purchase of each mobile game (average mobile game = $2.00).
Allowing for access to mobile applications through the same method, would allow more potential for
brand growth and digital circulation of USA Today. Finally, all social media interfaces should be
connected to USA Today’s website, with the option of communicating across all social media touch
points.
Advantages




Consumers are engaged with the brand through their mobile devices
Consumers share their passion of the product (application, game) and share it with individuals
across their mobile platforms through digital word of mouth.
Integration and linking to social media cost is relatively low
Potential for digital advertising through mobile applications and mobile gaming
Disadvantages



Connecting communities through all social media platforms could prove to be challenging
Online communities, discussion boards, and forums might become confused if interface is not
simplistic
Games and applications can prove to be difficult matching consumer expectations
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
5.2. Increased presence in digital global market and decreased presence in foreign print.
USA Today has already been involved in a stronger digital media presence. Their focus by direction of
CEO Larry Kramer, is for online, tablet, and mobile devices (Ferrell, 323). They’ve restructured their
organization, laying off many individuals and hiring key executives. Also, they’ve cut back on newspaper
print and distribution in the United States by a third and increased profit by over $100 million (Ferrell,
323).
While they have applied this application to the United States, USA Today has missed out on
opportunities outside the United States. Canada is a lucrative market that is hungry for international
business news, it has seen an increase in international imported news by 43%, and current importers are
only providing 7% satisfaction for Canadians (“News Agencies in Canada” 1).
USA Today should focus on providing Canadians and the global market with mobile friendly access to
their digital news print, while cutting back on expenses to print distribution globally. They should still
continue to distribute print, as baby boomers still hold interest in printed newspaper versus the complex
structure of digital devices.
Advantages



Enhanced exposure to the digital global environment, increasing awareness
Cutting back on expenditures through print media, in the process increasing profit
Canada holds a lucrative opportunity for international news vendors (current importers are only
providing 7% satisfaction for Canadians)
Disadvantages



Market penetration has to be careful, as some countries culture don’t mingle well with the
United States
Cutting back in print in some countries could prove to be difficult as not all communities are
connected to the digital environment (such as 3rd world countries).
Not all countries have internet access for the majority of their population
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
6. Recommendation
Out of both alternatives, the most appealing one for USA Today to pursue would be Development of
complete Social Media integration with news stories, mobile gaming, and mobile applications.
Reasons Why





U.S. Newspapers have not taken the advantage of linking mobile applications and mobile games
to their websites, providing USA Today a unique competitive advantage.
U.S. Newspapers provide a simplistic approach to broadcasting their stories through social
media, but haven’t unified and integrated all their mobile touch points for their consumers.
Communities, forums, and discussion boards, would be linked to other community members
across all social media platforms creating a hub for all gamers, news junkies, and app users to
communicate freely from.
USA Today’s appeal will be increased through social media’s word of mouth
Social media, mobile applications, and mobile gaming are cost-effective (relatively cheap and
easy to integrate compared to print media).
7. Implementation Plan
7.1. Short Term Plan (1-3 Months)
1ST Month




2nd Month



3rd Month




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Meeting with top key executives to discuss implementation of overall plan
Have a companywide news announcement from the president, labelling
details and changes that are about to occur in distribution and corporate
environments
Meeting with industry app and mobile gaming developers to discuss strategy
and tactics in developing games and apps for specific target markets
Meeting with Social Media/IMC Teams to discuss integration and unification
of social media platforms to USAToday.com. IMC Teams to discuss how a
unique message will be delivered to capture our target market.
Development of apps and games in final stages
Working with IMC teams to finalize approach to target market
Preparing finalized implementation of new social media platforms onto
website.
Games and apps finalized and implemented onto website
Debugging and performance check of unified integrated social media
platforms to website
Meeting with executives to inform them of final stages of plans
IMC activities launched towards the general public to build up anticipation of
the new social media/mobile interface directive.
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
7.2. Long Term Plan (3 Months +)
4th Month
5 Months +
6 Months+
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
Launch of new service and test market in the United States
Polls and feedback as well as live service for consumers having difficulty
Evaluate overall performance of new service
Provide feedback to key executives on performance of new service
Provide feedback to consumers and make repairs to site as needed
Evaluate overall performance, launch into new digital markets if service is
successful.
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USA TODAY – INNOVATION IN AN EVOLVING INDUSTRY: INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY
Works Cited
Crew "How Much to Make an App" Feb 2015 Crew. howmuchtomakeanapp.com. Web. 22 Feb 2014.
"Gannett CO. Inc." MarketLine Nov 2014: 1-20. MarketLine Advantage. Web. 22 Feb 2015
Hartline, Ferrelll. Marketing Strategy: Text and Cases. 6th edition. Mason: Ceneage, 2014. Print.
"News Agencies in Canada." Euromonitor International. Apr 2013: 1-25. Passport GMID. Web. 22 Feb
2015
"Top 3 Trends in Social Media for 2014: Privacy, Publishing and Pictures." Euromonitor International. Apr
2014: 1-2. Passport GMID. Web. 22 Feb 2015
"Video Games in the US." Euromonitor International. Sept 2014: 1-23. Passport GMID. Web. 22 Feb 2015
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