8eelXcI\gfik )''0 :fm\iIXk`feXc\ K_\ i`^_k ZfdY`eXk`fe f] Yl`c[`e^ YcfZbj `j \jj\ek`Xc `e \jkXYc`j_`e^ X jkife^#j\Zli\Xe[i\j`c`\ek]fle[Xk`fe%K_\Yl`c[`e^YcfZbj]fiYlj`e\jj jlZZ\jj Xe[ cfe^\m`kp Xi\# Xdfe^ fk_\ij# jki\e^k_# Zfdd`kd\ek# `ek\^i`kp#kiljk#Zfek`el`kp#ZfeÔ[\eZ\#`eefmXk`feXe[hlXc`kp% <jkXYc`j_\[ fe X Y\[ifZb f] lenXm\i`e^ Zfdd`kd\ek# `dg\ZZXYc\ `ek\^i`kp# Zlkk`e^$\[^\ gif[lZkj Xe[ j\im`Z\j# :`k`YXeb \o\dgc`Ô\j k_\ Yl`c[`e^ YcfZbj f] jlZZ\jj Xe[ `eefmXk`fe% :`k`YXebËj c\^XZp `e k_\YXeb`e^`e[ljkipXe[k_\Zfddle`kp`jj\kkf^ifn]fiXefk_\i ,'p\XijXe[Y\pfe[`eDXcXpj`X% Zfek\ekj :figfiXk\@e]fidXk`fe * :_X`idXeËjJkXk\d\ek + :<FËjJkXk\d\ek - 9fXi[f];`i\Zkfij (( 9fXi[f];`i\Zkfij$GifÔc\ () JkXk\d\ekf]:figfiXk\>fm\ieXeZ\ (, I`jbDXeX^\d\ek (0 JkXk\d\ekf]@ek\ieXc8l[`kXe[@ek\ieXc:fekifc )( DXeX^\d\ekI\gfikj )) J_Xi`X_:fdd`kk\\ )* DXeX^\d\ekI\gfikj )+ IXk`e^jJkXk\d\ek ), 8nXi[j8ZZfcX[\j )- :figfiXk\:`k`q\ej_`gXk:`k` ). *+ ;`i\ZkfijËI\gfik *. JkXk\d\ekYp;`i\Zkfij */ ;\ZcXiXk`feGlijlXek *0 8l[`kfijËI\gfik +' 9XcXeZ\J_\\k + ( @eZfd\JkXk\d\ek +) JkXk\d\ekf]:_Xe^\j`e<hl`kp +* :Xj_=cfnJkXk\d\ek +, Efk\jkfk_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj :figfiXk\@e]fidXk`fe I\^`jk\i\[F]]`Z\ +,k_=cffi D\eXiX:`k`YXeb (-,AXcXe8dgXe^ ,'+,'BlXcXCldgli ;Xk\f]@eZfigfiXk`fe ))8gi`c(00+ 8l[`kfij BGD> :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik :_X`idXeËj JkXk\d\ek 04 :_X`idXeËjJkXk\d\ek @ Xd gc\Xj\[ kf _Xm\ k_\ fggfikle`kp kf [\c`m\i k_\ 9XebËj Fe k_\ cfZXc ]ifek# )''0 nXj Xe `dgfikXek d`c\jkfe\ ]fi k_\ XeelXci\gfik]fik_\ÔeXeZ`Xcp\Xi\e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0%@ DXcXpj`Xe ]iXeZ_`j\% K_\ 9Xeb Z\c\YiXk\[ `kj ,'k_ 8ee`m\ijXip nflc[c`b\kf\ogi\jjdpk_XebjkfDiG`plj_>lgkX#n_f[li`e^ n`k_ X jk\X[p jki\Xd f] f]]\i`e^j Zfej`jk`e^ f] c\X[`e^ \[^\ _`j k\eli\ Xj :_X`idXe# ^l`[\[ Xe[ _\cg\[ k_\ 9Xeb XZ_`\m\ gif[lZkjXe[hlXc`kpj\im`Z\jkffliZljkfd\ij%@Xdgc\Xj\[kf Zfek`el\[ ^ifnk_ Xe[ dX`ekX`e `kj gfj`k`fe Xj X c\X[`e^ efk\ k_Xk M`biXd GXe[`k# :`k` :_`\] <o\Zlk`m\ F]ÔZ\i# m`j`k\[ ÔeXeZ`Xc`ejk`klk`fe`eDXcXpj`X% DXcXpj`Xkfaf`e`ek_\9XebËj,'k_8ee`m\ijXipZ\c\YiXk`fej% >cfYXccp# \Zfefd`Z XZk`m`kp Zfek`el\[ kf i\dX`e jcl^^`j_ Ylk =fi k_\ p\Xi \e[\[ ;\Z\dY\i * (# )''0# :`k`YXeb gfjk\[ X j_fn\[ j`^ej f] i\Zfm\ip kfnXi[j k_\ cXkk\i gXik f] k_\ p\Xi% gi\$kXo gifÔk f] ID/0- d`cc`fe% K_\ i\jlckj i\Õ\Zk jki\e^k_ 8cdfjk Xcc dXafi \Zfefd`\j n\i\ i\gfik\[ kf _Xm\ \o`k\[ XZifjj Xcc f] k_\ 9XebËj Ylj`e\jj j\^d\ekj% K_\ 9Xeb Xcjf i\Z\jj`fe`ek_\j\Zfe[Xe[k_`i[ÔjZXchlXik\ij%<d\i^`e^<Xjk dXeX^\[kfZfekX`eZfjkjXe[\og\ej\j\]ÔZ`\ekcp\jg\Z`Xccp`e 8j`Xe \Zfefd`\jË ^i\n Yp +%) Xe[ i\klie\[ X Y\kk\i m`\nf]k_\Z_Xcc\e^`e^\Zfefdp% \ok\ieXc \em`ifed\ek% K_\ i\^`fe `j \og\Zk\[ kf \og\i`\eZ\ X Fli jlZZ\jj\j n\i\ dX[\ gfjj`Yc\ Yp k_\ Zfdd`kd\ek# _Xi[ jg\\[pi\Zfm\ip`e)'('%K_`jgfj`k`m\[\m\cfgd\ekXl^lijn\cc nfib Xe[ ]fZlj [\dfejkiXk\[ Yp fli \dgcfp\\j# n_f _Xm\ ]fi DXcXpj`X Xj `k `j `e X ^ff[ gfj`k`fe kf kXb\ X[mXekX^\ f] _\cg\[ljj\kXjkife^]fle[Xk`fe]fik_\]lkli\% kiX[\Xe[Ylj`e\jjfggfikle`k`\jn`k_`kj8J<8EXe[<Xjk8j`Xe gXike\ij#`eZcl[`e^:_`eXXe[Jflk_Bfi\X% N\n`ccZfek`el\kfc\m\iX^\flile`hl\^cfYXce\knfibkfY\jk j\im\ fli Zc`\ekj Xe[ Y\e\Ôk ]ifd k_\ fggfikle`k`\j gifm`[\[ FligXi\ekZfdgXep#:`k``dgifm\[`kjZXg`kXcjki\e^k_#i\[lZ\[ Ypfli\ogfjli\kfk_\nfic[Ëj]Xjk\jk^ifn`e^\Zfefd`\j% k_\j`q\Xe[jZfg\f]k_\ZfdgXep#Xe[i\]fZlj\[`kjYlj`e\jj jkiXk\^p kf kXb\ X[mXekX^\ f] `kj ledXkZ_\[ ^cfYXc e\knfib% 8j `e k_\ cXjk ,' p\Xij# :`k`YXeb n`cc Zfek`el\ kf j\im\ k_\ :`k`XcjfZfdgc\k\[k_\i\gXpd\ekf])'Y`cc`fe`em\jk\[`ek_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc e\\[j f] k_\ g\fgc\ Xe[ Ylj`e\jj\j f] DXcXpj`X n`k_ ZfdgXep Yp k_\ L%J% ^fm\ied\ek k_ifl^_ k_\ KiflYc\[ 8jj\k ledXkZ_\[ÔeXeZ`Xcgif[lZkjXe[j\im`Z\j#Ylj`e\jjfggfikle`k`\j I\c`\] Gif^iXd K8IG Xe[ \o`k\[ k_\ cfjj$j_Xi`e^ X^i\\d\ek Xe[`eefmXk`fe%K_`j`jfligifd`j\% 05 n`k_k_\^fm\ied\ek%:`k``jefnjkife^cpZXg`kXc`q\[XZifjjXcc d\ki`Zj# j`^e`ÔZXekcp dfi\ \]ÔZ`\ek# Xe[ \o\Zlk`e^ X Zc\Xi jkiXk\^pk_Xk`j]fZlj\[feZc`\ekj% :`k`Zfek`el\[kf[\c`m\ijkife^i\jlckj`e8j`X#dXb`e^k_\i\^`fe Xj`^e`ÔZXekZfeki`Ylkfikfk_\ZfdgXepËjYfkkfdc`e\%K_`jnXjX ki\d\e[flj XZ_`\m\d\ek `e k_\ ]XZ\ f] k_\ Z_Xcc\e^`e^ dXib\k Zfe[`k`fejk_Xkn\eXm`^Xk\[fm\ik_\gXjk()dfek_j%N`k_fli gi`fi`k`\j ]fi ]lkli\ `em\jkd\ek Xe[ ^ifnk_ ^\Xi\[ kfnXi[j k_\ \d\i^`e^ dXib\kj# Xe[ `e gXik`ZlcXi 8j`X GXZ`ÔZ# n\ Xi\ ZfeÔ[\ekf]jki\e^k_\e`e^fliYiXe[Xe[gfj`k`fe`ek_\i\^`fe% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik g\i]fidXeZ\ [l\ kf jn`]k gfc`Zp i\jgfej\j Xe[ Xe `dgifm\[ AfeXk_Xe:_i`jk`XeCXij\e :_X`idXe :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik :<FËj JkXk\d\ek 06 :<FËjJkXk\d\ek Fm\im`\n 9lj`e\jj?`^_c`^_kj`e)''0 ;\jg`k\ X Z_Xcc\e^`e^ ^cfYXc \Zfefd`Z \em`ifed\ek `e )''0# )''0nXjXdfd\ekfljp\Xi]fi:`k`YXeb#Xjn\Z\c\YiXk\[fli n\ i\dX`e fgk`d`jk`Z k_Xk k_\ mXi`flj ^fm\ied\ek jk`dlclj ,'k_8ee`m\ijXip`eDXcXpj`X%:`k``jXle`hl\]iXeZ_`j\#n`k_Xe Xe[gfc`Zp`e`k`Xk`m\jn`cc_\cgjljkX`e^cfYXci\Zfm\ip`e)'('% fg\iXk`e^ df[\c k_Xk Xccfnj lj kf Y\ Yfk_ m\ip cfZXc Xe[ m\ip ^cfYXc% Fli gi`dXip X`d `j kf Yi`e^ kf k_\ kXYc\ `eefmXk`m\ @e DXcXpj`X# gfj`k`m\ \Zfefd`Z `e[`ZXkfij jl^^\jk k_Xk k_\ gif[lZkjXe[hlXc`kpÔeXeZ`Xcjfclk`fejXe[j\im`Z\jk_Xk[\c`m\i [fd\jk`Z \Zfefdp `j Xci\X[p ^X`e`e^ jki\e^k_# ^`m\e k_\ Xle`hl\Xe[gfn\i]lc\og\i`\eZ\kffliZljkfd\ij% \eZfliX^`e^[\m\cfgd\ekj`edXel]XZkli`e^gif[lZk`fe#ÔeXeZ`e^ XZk`m`kp#\ok\ieXckiX[\Xe[cXYfidXib\kZfe[`k`fej% )''0nXjXp\Xif]^`m`e^YXZbkfZljkfd\ij#Xe[n\`ekif[lZ\[ Z\c\YiXk`fej% K_\ i\jgfej\ i\Z\`m\[ nXj fm\in_\cd`e^% Fli [\dXe[#gXik`ZlcXicpgi`mXk\Zfejldgk`fe#Xe[`dgifm\d\ekj Zc`\ekj# Zljkfd\ij Xe[ k_\ dXib\k Zc\Xicp [\dfejkiXk\[ k_\`i `e \ok\ieXc [\dXe[% K_\ ^fm\ied\ek$`ekif[lZ\[ jk`dlclj kiljkXe[ZfeÔ[\eZ\`eljXd`[jkXmfcXk`c\\em`ifed\ek% gXZbX^\jkfd`k`^Xk\k_\\Zfefd`Z[fneklieXe[c`Y\iXc`qXk`fe d\Xjli\j kf \eZfliX^\ ]fi\`^e [`i\Zk `em\jkd\ek Xe[ fg\e N\ Xcjf Zfek`el\[ kf [\c`m\i dXep ÊÔijkjË% @e DXp# :`k`YXeb lgk_\j\im`Z\jj\ZkfiXi\\og\Zk\[kfgifm`[\]lik_\i`dg\klj Y\ZXd\ k_\ Ôijk ]fi\`^e YXeb `e k_\ Zflekip kf k\Xd$lg n`k_ ]fi^ifnk_% C\dYX^X?Xj`c;XcXdE\^\i`DXcXpj`XC?;ED kf_\cgZfdgXe`\j j\kkc\ k_\`i kXo gXpd\ekj kf C?;ED lj`e^ k_\ :`k`:fee\ZkJD )''0$K_\P\Xi`eI\m`\n \$KXoj\im`Z\% :`k`YXeb 9\i_X[ Zfek`el\[ kf jkXp ÔeXeZ`Xccp _\Xck_p Xe[ i\j`c`\ek `e )''0% K_\ 9XebËj lenXm\i`e^ ÔeXeZ`Xc jki\e^k_ @e Alcp# 9lijX DXcXpj`X J\Zli`k`\j :c\Xi`e^ J[e% 9_[%# X nXjjlggfik\[Ypjkife^ZXg`kXc#c`hl`[`kpXe[jk\X[pfg\iXk`e^ n_fccp$fne\[jlYj`[`Xipf]9lijXDXcXpj`X9\i_X[#Xggf`ek\[:`k` ZXj_Õfnj%N\Zfek`el\[kfnfibZcfj\cpn`k_fliZc`\ekjXe[ Ki\Xjlip Xe[ Jfclk`fej kf XZk Xj X ]fi\`^e Zlii\eZp j\kkc\d\ek Zljkfd\ij#gifm`[`e^k_\dn`k_`ej`^_kjXe[gif[lZkjkf_\cg YXeb%K_\Xggf`ekd\ekXccfn\[:`k`kf\]]\Zk[X`cpZXj_j\kkc\d\ek k_\deXm`^Xk\k_ifl^_leZ\ikX`ek`d\j% ]fimXi`flj]fi\`^eZlii\eZ`\jY\kn\\eXccZc\Xi`e^gXik`Z`gXekjf] 9lijXDXcXpj`XËjdlck`$Zlii\eZpj\Zli`k`\j% =fi k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc p\Xi \e[\[ * ( ;\Z\dY\i )''0# k_\ 9Xeb i\^`jk\i\[ X gi\$kXo gifÔk f] ID/0- d`cc`fe# (+ g\i Z\ek Fek_\fg\iXk`fej]ifek#n\kiXej]fid\[k_\YXebËjk\Z_efcf^p Y\cfnk_\ID (%'+Y`cc`feXZ_`\m\[k_\gi\m`fljp\Xi%;\jg`k\ gcXk]fid kf _\cg ]lik_\i j`dgc`]p Xe[ `dgifm\ fli jpjk\d% jk\X[p ^ifnk_ `e k_\ ZXj_ dXeX^\d\ek Ylj`e\jj# gfj`k`m\ <jj\ek`Xccp# k_\ e\n jpjk\d Xccfnj lj kf `ekif[lZ\ e\ok Zfeki`Ylk`fe ]ifd k_\ Zi\[`k ZXi[ Xe[ dfik^X^\ Ylj`e\jj\j ^\e\iXk`feYXeb`e^Xe[ZXi[jjfclk`fejkf\e_XeZ\Zfej`jk\eZp Xe[ dfi\ \]ÔZ`\ek dXeX^\d\ek f] \og\ej\j# X j`^e`ÔZXek Xe[ \]ÔZ`\eZp `e fli fg\iXk`fej% N\ Xcjf XZ_`\m\[ j`^e`ÔZXek [ifg `e dXib\k mfcXk`c`kp i\jlck\[ `e i\[lZ\[ kiX[`e^ i\m\el\ jXm`e^j `e k\Z_efcf^p Zfjkj k_ifl^_ `dgifm\[ i\\e^`e\\i`e^ Xe[`em\jkd\ek`eZfd\% gifZ\jj\j% N`k_ k_`j e\n jpjk\d# :`k`YXeb `j ZfeÔ[\ek f] jki\e^k_\e`e^ `kj Zfdg\k`k`m\ \[^\ Xe[ `j n\cc gfj`k`fe\[ kf Fg\iXk`e^ `eZfd\ nXj ID(%/, Y`cc`fe `e )''0# , g\i Z\ek Yfcjk\i`kjdXib\kc\X[\ij_`g`ek_\DXcXpj`XeÔeXeZ`Xc`e[ljkip% cfn\i k_Xe )''/% K_\ 9XebËj e\k `ek\i\jk `eZfd\ ^i\n fe\ g\i Z\ek kf ID (% )* Y`cc`fe `e )''0# Xj ZXi[ i\Z\`mXYc\j FlijlZZ\jj\jZfek`el\kfY\i\Õ\Zk\[`eflic\X[\ij_`ggfj`k`fej `eZi\Xj\[ dXi^`eXccp# n_`c\ efe$`ek\i\jk `eZfd\ i\[lZ\[ ( 0 `e Zi\[`k ZXi[j# =O Fgk`fej Xe[ >fm\ied\ek 9fe[ KiX[`e^% N\ g\i Z\ek kf ID,,- d`cc`fe [l\ kf cfn\i kiX[`e^ \Xie`e^j# =O i\dX`ec\X[\ij`e:ljkf[pXe[:Xj_DXeX^\d\ek%N\Xi\Xcjfk_\ Xe[`em\jkd\ek`eZfd\% cXi^\jk]fi\`^eYXeb`ei\j`[\ek`XccfXejXe[Xi\Xdfe^jkk_\kfg k_i\\ `e k_\ N\Xck_ DXeX^\d\ek j\^d\ek% N\ _Xm\ X K_\ 9XebËj i\klie fe \hl`kp Zfek`el\[ kf Y\ m\ip _\Xck_p Xk n\cc$YXcXeZ\[gfik]fc`ff]ZfigfiXk\Xe[`e[`m`[lXcZljkfd\ij% ).g\iZ\ek]fik_\ÔeXeZ`Xcg\i`f[\e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0 Zfek`el\jkfY\\oZ\gk`feXccpjkife^#n`k_ZXj_Xe[j_fik$k\id :fejld\i9Xeb`e^ :i\[`k:Xi[j ]le[j Xe[ gcXZ\d\ekj n`k_ ÔeXeZ`Xc `ejk`klk`fej `e \oZ\jj f] ;li`e^k_\p\Xi#k_\Zi\[`kZXi[Ylj`e\jjZfek`el\[kf[\dfejkiXk\ ID( )Y`cc`fe% gfj`k`m\^ifnk_% K_\ 9XebËj i`jb n\`^_k\[ ZXg`kXc X[\hlXZp iXk`f jkff[ Xk X Fli Zljkfd\ij ^i\n `e eldY\ij Xe[ Zi\[`k ZXi[ jg\e[ Zfd]fikXYc\ (,%- g\i Z\ek Y\]fi\ [`m`[\e[ # YXj\[ fe `kj Zfek`el\[ kf Y\ [i`m\e Yp fli mXcl\$]fi$dfe\p gif^iXdj k_Xk Xl[`k\[ZXg`kXcYXj\XjXk*(;\Z\dY\i)''0% ]fZlj\[ fe jki\kZ_`e^ k_\ Zljkfd\ijË i`e^^`k% N\ [\c`m\i\[ Ylk[\Zc`e\[ZfdgXi\[n`k_*,g\iZ\ek`e)''/%Flic`hl`[`kp :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik k_\ :`k` 9`^ ,' gifdfk`fe `e ZfealeZk`fe n`k_ fli Xee`m\ijXip N\ Y\c`\m\ `e )'('# ^ifnk_ n`cc Y\ jglii\[ Yp [fd\jk`Z 07 :<FËjJkXk\d\ek :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik `eefmXk`m\ gif^iXdj jlZ_ Xj @ejkXek :`k` I\nXi[j i\[\dgk`fe kf _\cg Zljkfd\ij fYkX`e dfi\ flk f] k_\`i i`e^^`k fe dfi\ k_Xe +#,'' ]leZk`feXc \m\ip[Xp `k\dj Xk fm\i (-' flkc\kj eXk`fen`[\% N\ k`d\[ k_\ cXleZ_ kf Zf`eZ`[\ n`k_ `dgifm`e^ Zfejld\iZfeÔ[\eZ\`efi[\ikf\eZfliX^\kiX]ÔZXe[jXc\jkf flid\iZ_Xek\jkXYc`j_d\ekjXe[Zfeki`Ylk\kfnXi[j\Zfefd`Z XZk`m`kp `e k_\ Zflekip% N\ Xcjf _\cg\[ Zljkfd\ij le[\ijkXe[ k_XkZi\[`kZXi[jn_\elj\[n`j\cpZXeY\Y\e\ÔZ`Xckfk_\d`e k_\cfe^\ik\id% 08 :`k`YXeb`ekif[lZ\[k_\9XcXeZ\:fem\ij`fegif^iXdkf_\cg Zljkfd\ijdXeX^\k_\`iÔeXeZ\jY\kk\i%:`k`Xjj`jk\[Zljkfd\ij Yp i\jkilZkli`e^ k_\`i flkjkXe[`e^ YXcXeZ\j `ekf `ejkXccd\ekj# n_\i\ k_\p nflc[ befn k_\ XZZliXk\ Xdflek kf XccfZXk\ kf i\gXp k_\`i flkjkXe[`e^ YXcXeZ\j fe X dfek_cp YXj`j% K_`j gifm\[kfY\_`^_cpjlZZ\jj]lcXj:`k`g\ijfee\cn\i\kiX`e\[ kfgifm`[\k_\e\Z\jjXipZflej\ckfZljkfd\ijXe[\jj\ek`Xccp# ^l`[\ Zljkfd\ij kfnXi[j dXeX^`e^ k_\`i i\gXpd\ekj `e Xe X]]fi[XYc\dXee\i% K_\j\ `eefmXk`fej n\i\ [lcp i\Zf^e`q\[ Yp k_\ `e[ljkip Xe[ Zljkfd\ijXjk`d\cpXe[j`^e`ÔZXek% @e )''0# k_\ Zi\[`k ZXi[ Ylj`e\jj nfe j\m\iXc flkjkXe[`e^ XnXi[j%8dfe^jk k_\d n\i\ k_\ CX]]\ikp 8j`X GXpd\ek :Xi[j 8nXi[j )''0 ]fi 9\jk :Xi[ @jjl\i# 9\jk I\nXi[j Gif^iXd :`k`YXeb Nfic[ Gi`m`c\^\j Xe[ 9\jk Gif[lZk @eefmXk`fe J_\cc :`k`YXeb :i\[`k :Xi[ 2 I\X[\ijË ;`^\jk ÈKiljk\[ 9iXe[ )''0 >fc[8nXi[É]fik_\n_fc\iXe^\f]:`k`YXebËjZi\[`kZXi[j2k_\ 9iXe[CXli\Xk\8nXi[j9iXe[Jg\Z`Xckp8nXi[j)''/$)''0]fi 9iXe[ :fddle`ZXk`fe2 Xe[ `k \e[\[ k_\ p\Xi Yp n`ee`e^ k_\ Ôijk \m\i M`jX DXcXpj`Xe 9Xeb`e^ 8nXi[j )''0 ]fi ?`^_\jk D\iZ_XekJXc\jMfcld\>ifnk_Xe[?`^_\jkGi\d`ldJg\e[% I\kX`c9Xeb`e^ K_\ I\kX`c 9Xeb`e^ Ylj`e\jj XZ_`\m\[ jkife^ g\i]fidXeZ\ `e )''0[\jg`k\^cfYXcjkfZbdXib\kmfcXk`c`kp%:`k`YXebËjc\X[\ij_`g `e N\Xck_ DXeX^\d\ek \ogXe[\[ n`k_ k_\ ^ifnk_ `e k_\ eldY\i f] :`k`^fc[ Zc`\ekj# i\Zfi[ N\Xck_ DXeX^\d\ek jXc\j Xe[ k_\ _`^_\jk c\m\c f] Zljkfd\i jXk`j]XZk`fe `e ]fli p\Xij% K_\ I\kX`c 9XebËj jlZZ\jj ZXd\ Xj X i\jlck f] jki\e^k_\e\[ Zc`\ek i\cXk`fej_`gj Xj n\cc Xj k_\ cXleZ_ f] e\n# `eefmXk`m\ gif[lZkXe[j\im`Z\j% K_\ Zfi\ f] fli Ylj`e\jj i\dX`ej k_\ i\cXk`fej_`g Y\kn\\e Zc`\ekjn`k_X[\[`ZXk\[I\cXk`fej_`gDXeX^\in_f`jjlggfik\[ YpXk\Xdf]jg\Z`Xc`jkjkf_\cgZc`\ekj`e@em\jkd\ekj#=fi\`^e <oZ_Xe^\#@ejliXeZ\#:fdd\iZ`Xc9Xeb`e^#Xe[Dfik^X^\%@e )''0#:`k`^fc[`ekif[lZ\[Gfik]fc`f:flej\cfijkfjlggfik?`^_ E\kNfik_Zc`\ekjËe\\[]fi[`m\ij`ÔZXk`feXe[Xjj\kXccfZXk`fe% :c`\ekjXggi\Z`Xk\[k_\k\XdXggifXZ_Xe[k_\jlggfikkf_\cg k_\dd\\kk_\`idfjk`dgfikXekÔeXeZ`Xc^fXcj% 8jk_\dXib\kc\X[\i`en\Xck_dXeX^\d\ek#:`k`YXebZfej`jk\ekcp i\XZ_\jflkkfZljkfd\ijm`XjdXcc`e$YiXeZ_d\\k`e^jXjn\ccXj cXi^\i \m\ekj% @e AXelXip )''0# :`k`^fc[ N\Xck_ DXeX^\d\ek C\X[\ij_`g J\i`\j _fjk\[ e\Xicp ( #''' Xkk\e[\\j n`k_ i\efne\[ \d\i^`e^ dXib\kj ^lil# ;i% DXib DfY`lj# <o\Zlk`m\ :_X`idXef]K\dgc\kfe8jj\kDXeX^\d\ekC`d`k\[% :`k`YXeb jki`m\j kf dX`ekX`e dXib\k c\X[\ij_`g k_ifl^_ `eefmXk`fe#g`fe\\i`e^dXepÔijkjkfdXib\k`eZcl[`e^k_\Ôijk LJZ\eki`Z]le[#Ôijk<oZ_Xe^\KiX[\[=le[<K= Xjn\ccXjk_\ Ôijk]fi\`^eZlii\eZp[\efd`eXk\[`em\jkd\ekc`eb\[`ejliXeZ\ Xe[ kXbX]lc gcXej% @e d\\k`e^ k_\ e\\[ ]fi ZXg`kXc gifk\Zk`fe Xe[gi\j\imXk`fe#:`k`YXeb_XjXcjfgifm`[\[Xck\ieXk`m\`em\jkd\ek jfclk`fej`emXi`flj`eefmXk`m\jkilZkli\j#cXleZ_`e^dfi\k_Xe ()e\ngif[lZkj[li`e^k_Xkp\Xi% N`k_ ^i\Xk\i c`Y\iXc`qXk`fe f] k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc j\Zkfi `e DXcXpj`X# k_\ I\kX`c 9Xeb \og\i`\eZ\[ Xe `eZi\Xj\[ c\m\c f] `ek\i\jk `e ]fi\`^e Zlii\eZp Xj X j\gXiXk\ `em\jkd\ek Xjj\k ZcXjj% :`k`YXebËj;lXc:lii\eZp8ZZflekYlj`e\jj^i\nj`^e`ÔZXekcp`e )''0n`k_k_\`ekif[lZk`fef]dlck`gc\ZifjjZlii\eZpgX`i`e^j% Fli k\Xd f] Ki\Xjlip :fejlckXekj gifm`[\[ k_\ X[[`k`feXc jlggfik`e[X`cpZlii\eZpflkcffbXe[n\cXleZ_\[Xle`hl\ J_fik$D\jjX^`e^ J\im`Z\ JDJ kf gifm`[\ [X`cp gi`Z`e^ `e]fidXk`fekffliZc`\ekj% I\Õ\Zk`e^ :`k`YXebËj c\X[\ij_`g `e N\Xck_ DXeX^\d\ek# k_\ 9Xebnfek_\:@D9Gi`eZ`gXc8nXi[]fi<hl`kp9l`c[\i`e)''0 ]fik_\j\Zfe[Zfej\Zlk`m\p\Xi#dXib`e^p\kXefk_\id`c\jkfe\ ]fik_\9Xeb% Dfik^X^\ :`k`YXebËj dfik^X^\ Ylj`e\jj Zfek`el\[ kf jki`m\ Xe[ Zfej`jk\ekcp [\c`m\i\[ `kj gifd`j\ `e k\idj f] `kj Zfi\ Zfdg\k\eZ`\j Æ dX`ekX`e`e^Y\jk$`e$ZcXjjj\im`Z\[\c`m\ipXe[XZfdgi\_\ej`m\ gfik]fc`f Xd`[jk X kfl^_\i dXib\k \em`ifed\ek% K_\ 9XebËj dfik^X^\ Ylj`e\jj i\X]Ôid\[ `kj gfj`k`fe n`k_ k_\ _\cg f] `kj gif]\jj`feXccp kiX`e\[ jXc\j g\ijfee\c# n_f gifm`[\[ jfle[ X[m`Z\Xe[Zflej\ckfZljkfd\ij% =fi )''0# n\ \oZ\\[\[ fli kXi^\k jXc\j eldY\ij Xe[ fli XggifmXc iXk\j Zfek`el\[ kf `dgifm\% @e X[[`k`fe# Zljkfd\ijË jXk`j]XZk`feg\Xb\[`e)''0#XjZfdgXi\[kfk_\gi\m`fljp\Xij Xe[k_`jnXjdX`ecp[l\kfk_\hlXc`kpf]gifdfk`feXcgXZbX^\j# Õ\o`Y`c`kpf]dfik^X^\gif[lZk]\Xkli\j#j\im`Z\hlXc`kpXjn\cc Xjk`d\c`e\jjf]cfXeXggifmXcj% @ejk`klk`feXc:c`\ek>iflg :`k`Ëj @ejk`klk`feXc :c`\ek >iflg feZ\ X^X`e j\k `e[ljkip Y\eZ_dXib n`k_ k_\ _`^_cp jlZZ\jj]lc G\kifeXj LJ+%, Y`cc`fe ;lXc$KiXeZ_\ F]]\i`e^% K_`j ^ifle[Yi\Xb`e^ kiXejXZk`fe i\gi\j\ekjXeldY\if]Ôijkj#`eZcl[`e^Y\`e^k_\cXi^\jk8j`Xe `jjlXeZ\ `e k_\ cXjk Ôm\ p\Xij# k_\ j\Zfe[ cXi^\jk 8j`Xe `jjlXeZ\`e_`jkfip#k_\cXi^\jki\gfik\[fi[\iYffb\m\i]fiXe 8j`Xe kiXejXZk`fe# fe\ f] k_\ knf cXi^\jk ^cfYXc Jlblbj `e _`jkfipXe[k_\Ôijk^cfYXcLJ;ZfigfiXk\Jlblb`e)''0% N`k_Xefi[\iYffbk_Xkg\Xb\[XkLJ(0%)Y`cc`feXe[Zcfj\[Xk LJ(.%(Y`cc`fe#k_\[\XcnXjdXjj`m\cpfm\ijlYjZi`Y\[% :<FËjJkXk\d\ek :`k`Ëj:Xj_DXeX^\d\ekYlj`e\jjjljkX`e\[^ifnk_`eZfigfiXk\ [\gfj`kj%:c`\ekjZ_fj\:`k`Xjk_\`igi\]\ii\[fg\iXk`e^YXebXj k_\p c\m\iX^\[ k_\ ZXj_ Õfn \]ÔZ`\eZ`\j \eXYc\[ Yp fli k\Z_efcf^pXe[j\im`Z\gcXk]fidj% K_\ C\dYX^X ?Xj`c ;XcXd E\^\i` DXcXpj`X Xggf`ek\[ :`k` Xj Xe `ek\ie\k Zfcc\Zk`fe X^\ek ]fi ZfigfiXk\ kXo# k_\ Ôijk Xggf`ekd\ekf]X]fi\`^eYXebYpX]\[\iXc^fm\ied\ekX^\eZp `e DXcXpj`X% :`k`Ëj jlZZ\jj `e d`^iXk`e^ Zc`\ek kiXejXZk`fej kf \$gXpd\ekjnXji\Õ\Zk\[`e`kj\d\i^\eZ\Xjk_\kfg=`eXeZ`Xc GifZ\jj<oZ_Xe^\=GO Zfcc\Zk`feYXeb`ek_\`e[ljkip% :ifjj$Yfi[\ikiXejXZk`feXe[kiX[\ÔeXeZ`e^mfcld\j]\ccn`k_ k_\ZfekiXZk`fef]\ok\ieXckiX[\%KiX[\i\m\el\jn\i\_fn\m\i jlggfik\[Yp_`^_\idXi^`ej^`m\ek_\^cfYXcZi\[`kcXe[jZXg\% :`k`Ëj `e`k`Xk`m\j kf \ok\e[ fli ÔeXeZ`e^ kf k_\ YifX[\i dXib\k k_ifl^_ C\kk\i f] :i\[`k \ogfik\i dXib\k`e^ Xe[ Jlggc`\i =`eXeZ\gif^iXdjn\i\n\cci\Z\`m\[%K_\9XebfeZ\X^X`enfe i\Zf^e`k`feXjk_\9\jk@ek\ieXk`feXcKiX[\9Xeb`eDXcXpj`X`e XgfccZfe[lZk\[YpKiX[\=`eXeZ\DX^Xq`e\% J\Zli`k`\jJ\im`Z\j :`k`ËjJ\Zli`k`\jXe[=le[J\im`Z\jËJ=J 8jj\kLe[\i:ljkf[p `eZi\Xj\[#Y\e\Ôk`e^]ifdXg`Zblg`ek_\=KJ<9lijXDXcXpj`X BC:@ n_`cjk kiXejXZk`fe mfcld\ [\Zc`e\[ [l\ kf cfn\i ]fi\`^e gXik`Z`gXk`fe `e k_\ \hl`kp dXib\k% N_`c\ mfcld\ jcfn\[# J=J jk\gg\[lgdXib\kX[mfZXZp\]]fikjXe[nXjXZk`m\cp\e^X^\[ `e b\p dXib\k `e`k`Xk`m\j jlZ_ Xj k_\ `ekif[lZk`fe f] fm\i$k_\$Zflek\i J\Zli`k`\j 9fiifn`e^ C\e[`e^ df[\c# :\ekiXcDXkZ_`e^=XZ`c`kp#Dlck`$:lii\eZpJ\Zli`k`\jKiX[`e^Xe[ \$;`m`[\e[% J=J Zfek`el\[ kf j\Zli\ dXe[Xk\j ]ifd cfZXc Xe[ ]fi\`^e `ejk`klk`feXc Zc`\ekj Xe[ `ekif[lZ\[ j\m\iXc e\n gif[lZkj Xe[ j\im`Z\j `eZcl[`e^ J_Xi`X_$Zfdgc`Xek =le[ J\im`Z\j# =O ;`i\Zk Xe[X9lijXJ\Zli`k`\j9fiifn`e^C\e[`e^$E\^fk`Xk\[ KiXejXZk`feJ9CEK C\e[`e^I\gi\j\ekXk`m\% dXeX^\ ]l\c# =O Xe[ `ek\i\jk iXk\ i`jbj k_ifl^_ X gXik`ZlcXicp Z_Xcc\e^`e^ dXib\k \em`ifed\ek% N\ Zfek`el\ kf c\m\iX^\ k_\ Y\e\Ôkjf]flile`hl\^cfYXcgi\j\eZ\Xe[`ej`^_kj`eZi\Xk`e^ XZZ\jj]fiZc`\ekjXe[_Xie\jj`e^k_\]lccgfn\if]flie\knfib Xj Zc`\ekj eXm`^Xk\[ k_ifl^_ jfd\k`d\j [`]ÔZlck kiXejXZk`fej `e i\dfk\ dXib\kj Xifle[ k_\ ^cfY\% Fli gi\\d`e\ek gfj`k`fe `e=Oj\im`Z\jnXjXcjfi\X]Ôid\[YpfliZc`\ekjXjk_\pmfk\[ ]fi:`k`Xjk_\eldY\ife\]fifm\iXcc=Oj\im`Z\j% @jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^;`m`j`fe =fi )''0# k_\ @jcXd`Z YXeb`e^ [`m`j`fe nXj XZk`m\ `e Yi`e^`e^ efe$i`e^^`kkiXejXZk`fejkfDXcXpj`XXjgXikf]`kjZfdd`kd\ek kf DXcXpj`XËj @jcXd`Z =`eXeZ`Xc :\ek\i D@=: `e`k`Xk`m\% Knf jlZ_kiXejXZk`fejfek_\ZXg`kXcdXib\kj]ifekn\i\k_\>\e\iXc <c\Zki`Z:Xg`kXc:figfiXk`fe><:: JlblbXe[G\kifeXjJlblb# knff]k_\dfjkgifd`e\ek^cfYXcJlblbkiXejXZk`fej]fi)''0% ><:: nXj k_\ Ôijk 8d\i`ZXe :figfiXk\ Jlblb Xe[ k_\ Ôijk f]]j_fi\ `jjl\i kf c`jk efe$i`e^^`k Jlblb Xk 9lijX DXcXpj`X% G\kifeXjnXjk_\cXi^\jk\m\iJlblbk`\lgn`k_;GNfic[ Xe[ k_\Ôijkefe$i`e^^`kJlblbkfY\c`jk\[Xk9lijXDXcXpj`X% Fe k_\ i\kX`c jgXZ\# k_\ 9Xeb# nfib`e^ kf^\k_\i n`k_ ?fe^ C\fe^Kfb`fDXi`e\KXbX]lc#cXleZ_\[k_\>cfYXc@e]iXjkilZkli\ Xe[@eZfd\GcXe>@@G #XJ`e^c\:feki`Ylk`fe@em\jkd\ek$C`eb\[ KXbX]lc gcXe% K_`j `j k_\ Ôijk J`e^Xgfi\ ;fccXi [\efd`eXk\[ gi`eZ`gXc gifk\Zk\[ `em\jkd\ek$c`eb\[ gcXe k_Xk gifm`[\j Yfk_ `em\jkd\ek fggfikle`kp Xe[ KXbX]lc Zfm\iX^\ cXleZ_\[ `e DXcXpj`X%FeXj\gXiXk\efk\#k_\9XebËj@jcXd`Zi\kX`cjXm`e^j XZZflek Xm\iX^\ YXcXeZ\ Xcjf ^i\n Yp dfi\ k_Xe *' g\i Z\ek p\Xifep\Xi% K_\@jcXd`ZYXeb`e^[`m`j`feËjXZk`m\ifc\`eglj_`e^`eefmXk`m\ jfclk`fejn\i\i\Zf^e`j\[Yp8j`XI`jbn_\i\:`k`nXjXnXi[\[ n`k_k_\9\jk@jcXd`ZGif[lZkj?flj\8nXi[]fi)''0% J`^e`ÔZXek<m\ekj8ZZfcX[\j K_\9XebXZ_`\m\[j\m\iXcÊÔijkjËXe[Xc`jkf]XZZfcX[\j#n_`Z_ `jd\ek`fe\[cXk\i`ek_`ji\gfikfegX^\)-% K_\:fddle`kpN\NfibXe[C`m\@e J\Zli`k`\jXe[9Xeb`e^ >cfYXcDXib\kj K_\ dXib\kj Ylj`e\jj [\c`m\i\[ jkife^ i\m\el\j [\jg`k\ i\[lZ\[kiX[\Xe[ZXg`kXcÕfnj`eDXcXpj`X`e)''0%Flkj`[\f] cXi^\ dfm\j `e k_\ Ôijk hlXik\i# `e Yfk_ iXk\j Xe[ =O# k_\ YXcXeZ\ f] k_\ p\Xi jXn iXe^\ Yfle[ dXib\kj Xe[ c`d`k\[ i`jb$Xgg\k`k\ `e k_\ dXib\kgcXZ\% K_\ 9Xeb Zfek`el\[ `kj ]fZlj fe gifm`[`e^ `eefmXk`m\# ZcXjj$c\X[`e^ jfclk`fej kf `kj Zc`\ekj# Yfk_]fi`em\jkd\ekjXe[_\[^`e^#i\jlck`e^`eZfek`el\[_\Xck_p ^ifnk_`eZfddf[`kp[\i`mXk`m\jXe[jkilZkli\[`em\jkd\ekj% EfkXYc\ kiXejXZk`fej `e )''0 `eZcl[\[ `eefmXk`m\ jkilZkli\[ `em\jkd\ekj# n_`Z_ i\Z\`m\[ m\ip jkife^ [\dXe[ ]ifd fli `em\jkfi Zc`\ekj% N\ Xcjf _\cg\[ Zc`\ekj `e k_\ X`ic`e\ `e[ljkip :figfiXk\ Z`k`q\ej_`g Zfek`el\j kf Y\ X j`^e`ÔZXek jkiXk\^`Z gi`fi`kp]fi:`k`%FliZfigfiXk\Z`k`q\ej_`gfggfikle`k`\jZfek`el\ kf_\cgpfle^g\fgc\le[\ijkXe[k_\]le[Xd\ekXcjf]ÔeXeZ`Xc dXeX^\d\ek Xe[ Zfddle`k`\j Xggi\Z`Xk\ k_\ `dgfikXeZ\ f] jljkX`eXYc\\ek\igi`j\%=fi)''0#:`k`=fle[Xk`fegifm`[\[^iXekj f]LJ)'/#'''kffliZfddle`kpgXike\ij% N\ ]fZlj\[ fe _\cg`e^ k_\ glYc`Z dXb\ lj\ f] k_\`i dfe\p dfi\\]ÔZ`\ekcp%8jgXikf]fliZfek`elflj\]]fikkf\dg_Xj`j k_\ i\c\mXeZ\ f] ÔeXeZ`Xc \[lZXk`fe Xe[ ÔeXeZ`Xc c`k\iXZp kf k_\DXcXpj`XeglYc`Z#n\k\Xd\[lgn`k_:fejld\ij@ek\ieXk`feXc Xe[ IX[`f K\c\m`j`fe DXcXpj`X IKD # Xe[ gif[lZ\[ fli Ôijk glYc`Z ÔeXeZ`Xc \[lZXk`fe gif^iXd ZXcc\[# ÈJki\kZ_`e^ Pfli I`e^^`kÉ% Fm\i X Zflij\ f] ]fli dfek_j# n\ i\XZ_\[ flk kf :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik KiXejXZk`feJ\im`Z\j Ki\XjlipXe[KiX[\Jfclk`fej 09 :<FËjJkXk\d\ek ( ( d`cc`fe m`\n\ij# f] n_fd .' g\i Z\ek n\i\ ]ifd cfn kf df[\iXk\ `eZfd\ _flj\_fc[j# X^\[ Y\kn\\e ), kf ,' p\Xij# c`m`e^ `e liYXe# j\d`$liYXe Xe[ iliXc Xi\Xj `e N\jk Xe[ <Xjk DXcXpj`X% K_\cfZXcYXeb`e^\em`ifed\ekn`cc\og\i`\eZ\jfd\`ek\i\jk`e^ [\m\cfgd\ekj n`k_ k_\ \d\i^\eZ\ f] e\n dXib\k \ekiXekj ]fccfn`e^ k_\ >fm\ied\ekËj c`Y\iXc`jXk`fe f] k_\ YXeb`e^ Xe[ j\im`Z\jj\Zkfi% Fe Efm\dY\i .# )''0# n\ Z\c\YiXk\[ :`k`Ëj >cfYXc :fddle`kp ;Xpn_\i\fm\i0,'mfclek\\ijkffbgXik`eXj\i`\jf]:_Xi`kp 9fnc \m\ekj kf iX`j\ ]le[j ]fi Zfddle`kp fi^Xe`qXk`fej `e BlXcXCldgli#Af_fi9XilXe[G\eXe^% @e)'('#n\gcXekf\ok\e[fli]ffkgi`ek`eDXcXpj`XYpfg\e`e^ ]fli e\n Zfem\ek`feXc YiXeZ_\j `e X[[`k`fe kf fli Zlii\ek j\m\e YiXeZ_\j% Fli \ogXej`fe gif^iXd [\\g\ej :`k`YXebj cfe^$k\id Zfdd`kd\ek `e DXcXpj`X Xe[ le[\ic`e\j :`k`Ëj Zfdd`kd\ek kf Zfek`el\ `em\jk`e^ `e `kj ^cfYXc ]iXeZ_`j\% :fleki`\jc`b\DXcXpj`XXi\b\pkffli]lkli\^ifnk_% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik N\ i\dX`e Zfdd`kk\[ kf k_\ \Zfefd`Z \dgfn\id\ek f] `e[`m`[lXcj Xe[ ]Xd`c`\j# gXik`ZlcXicp k_fj\ `e e\\[# `e k_\ Zfddle`k`\j n_\i\ n\ nfib jf k_Xk k_\p ZXe `dgifm\ k_\`i jkXe[Xi[f]c`m`e^% 10 N\_Xm\\jkXYc`j_\[Xjkife^]`eXeZ`Xcc\^XZp`eDXcXpj`Xfm\i k_\cXjk_Xc]XZ\eklip#Xe[n\gcXekf]lik_\ijki\e^k_\efli ]`eXeZ`Xcgi\j\eZ\[li`e^k_\e\ok_Xc]Z\eklipXe[Y\pfe[% B\p9lj`e\jjGi`fi`k`\j]fi)'(' @eXek`Z`gXk`fef]Xi\Zfm\ip#Xck_fl^_^iX[lXc#n\Xi\\e^X^`e^ fli Ylj`e\jj\j Xe[ g\fgc\ kf Y\ i\X[p Xe[ \hl`gg\[ kf d\\k [`]]\i\ek Zljkfd\i [\dXe[j Xe[ kXb\ X[mXekX^\ f] Ylj`e\jj fggfikle`k`\j`ek_\_fi`qfe% N`k_ k_`j `e d`e[# fli b\p Ylj`e\jj gi`fi`k`\j ]fi )'(' `eZcl[\ k_\]fccfn`e^1 DX`ekX`eifYljki`jbdXeX^\d\ekgiXZk`Z\jXe[X_`^_c\m\c f]m`^`cXeZ\feXjj\khlXc`kp @em\jk`e^jkiXk\^`ZXccp`e`eefmXk`feXe[]fZlj`e[\c`m\i`e^ jkife^\imXcl\gifgfj`k`fejkffliZc`\ekj :fek`el`e^`dgifm\d\ek`efg\iXk`feXcXe[Zfjk\]]`Z`\eZp ;\m\cfg@jcXd`ZYXeb`e^ I\`e]fiZ\dXib\kc\X[\ij_`g`eZi\[`kZXi[j#dfik^X^\Xe[ k_\X]]cl\ekj\^d\ek Jki\e^k_\ei\cXk`fej_`gn`k_Zc`\ekXe[Zljkfd\ijXe[]fZlj feZc`\ekjXk`j]XZk`fe#cfpXckpXe[i\k\ek`fe ;i`m\i`^fifljkXc\ek`[\ek`]`ZXk`feXe[[\m\cfgd\ek N\ n`cc Zfek`el\ kf Y\ i\jgfej`m\ Xe[ `eefmXk`m\ `e f]]\i`e^ mXcl\]fidfe\pXe[_`^_cpj\Zli\gif[lZkjkfd\\kZljkfd\ij Z_Xe^`e^YXeb`e^Xe[]`eXeZ`Xce\\[j%N`k_fli^cfYXci\jfliZ\j Xe[e\knfib#Xe[XZZ\jjkfk_\Y\jkkXc\ek`ek_\Ylj`e\jj#n\ n`cc jki`m\ kf Zfek`el\ j\im`e^ fli Zljkfd\ij Xe[ ^ifn fli Ylj`e\jj`eDXcXpj`X% JXea\\mEXeXmXk` JXea\\m EXeXmXk` :_`\]<o\Zlk`m\F]]`Z\i Flkcffb]fi)'(' K_\^cfYXc\Zfefdp`j\og\Zk\[kfi\Zfm\i`e)'('n`k_^ifnk_ dfi\c`b\cpkfY\]iX^`c\Xe[le\m\e%N_`c\n\c`b\jfd\f]k_\ k_`e^jk_XkXi\_Xgg\e`e^`ek_\dXib\kgcXZ\Xe[k_\\Zfefdp# `k`jjk`ccm\ip\Xicp[Xpj%K_\i\Xi\jk`ccZ_Xcc\e^\jX_\X[% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 9fXi[f];`i\Zkfij 11 (% Dj%?fC`:_`e:fdgXepJ\Zi\kXip )% KXeJi`;XkfËFdXi9%@YiX_`d * ( ) + , - . *% ;XkfËJ`fnB`dCle# +% ;XkfËJp\[J`[`@[`[9%Jp\[8Y[lccX_@[`[ ,% Di%AfeXk_Xe:_i`jk`XeCXij\e -% Di%JXea\\mEXeXmXk` .% Dj%KXe^NXe:_\\:fdgXepJ\Zi\kXip 9fXi[F];`i\Zkfij$Gif]`c\ AfeXk_Xe CXij\e `j :`k`Ëj ?\X[ f] :fejld\i 9Xeb`e^ >cfYXc :Xi[j ]fi k_\ 8j`X GXZ`ÔZ% @e k_`j ifc\# Di% CXij\e _Xj i\jgfej`Y`c`kp ]fi Xcc f] :`k`Ëj i\^`feXc Zfejld\i gif[lZkj Xe[ Zljkfd\i j\^d\ekj le[\i k_\ :`k`YXeb YiXe[`e^% ?\ Xcjf _Xj af`ek fm\ij`^_k f] :`k`Ëj CfZXc :fdd\iZ`Xc 9Xeb`e^ Ylj`e\jj Zfm\i`e^ k_\ jdXcc Xe[ d\[`ld\ek\igi`j\j`ek_\8j`XGXZ`ÔZ%Di%CXij\enXjXggf`ek\[kf_`jZlii\ekifc\ `eFZkfY\i)''0Xe[`jXd\dY\if]:`k`Ëj8j`XGXZ`ÔZ<o\Zlk`m\:fdd`kk\\#n_`Z_ dXeX^\j:`k`Ëjfm\iXccYlj`e\jj`ek_\i\^`fe% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Gi`fikfXjjld`e^_`jZlii\ekifc\#Di%CXij\e_\c[k_\gfj`k`fef]:flekip?\X[Xe[ :`k` :flekip F]ÔZ\i ]fi J`e^Xgfi\ Xe[ :<F f] :`k`YXeb J`e^Xgfi\ C`d`k\[% 8j :flekip ?\X[ Xe[ ::F ]fi :`k` J`e^Xgfi\# Di% CXij\e _X[ fm\ij`^_k f] k_\ @ejk`klk`feXc :c`\ekj >iflg# :fejld\i 9Xeb`e^# >cfYXc :Xi[j Xe[ >cfYXc N\Xck_ DXeX^\d\ek Ylj`e\jj\j% Di% CXij\e Xjjld\[ k_`j ifc\ `e J\gk\dY\i )''/# Xe[ ZfeZlii\ekcp_\c[k_\gfj`k`fef]Gif[lZk?\X[]fi:fejld\i9Xeb`e^Xe[:Xi[j`e k_\8J<8Ei\^`feZfm\i`e^J`e^Xgfi\#@e[fe\j`X#DXcXpj`X#K_X`cXe[#k_\G_`c`gg`e\j Xe[>lXd% 12 Di%AfeXk_Xe:_i`jk`XeCXij\e Le[\i Di% CXij\eËj c\X[\ij_`g# :`k` nXj eXd\[ k_\ 9\jk 9Xeb `e J`e^Xgfi\ Yp <lifdfe\p`e)''.Xe[)''0%;li`e^_`jk\eli\#:`k``eJ`e^Xgfi\Xcjfnfek_\9\jk 9Xeb 8nXi[ ]ifd K_\ 8jj\k# k_\ 9\jk =fi\`^e :fdd\iZ`Xc 9Xeb 8nXi[ ]ifd =`eXeZ\8j`XXe[k_\9\jkI\kX`c9Xeb8nXi[]ifdK_\8j`Xe9Xeb\i% Di% CXij\e af`e\[ :`k` `e (00/ Xe[ _Xj _\c[ mXi`flj c\X[\ij_`g ifc\j XZifjj :`k`Ëj ]iXeZ_`j\`e8j`XGXZ`ÔZ%@e8gi`c)'',#_\nXjXggf`ek\[:flekip9lj`e\jjDXeX^\i Xe[ :<F ]fi :`k`Ëj Zfejld\i YXeb`e^ Ylj`e\jj `e J`e^Xgfi\# n_`Z_ fg\iXk\j le[\i k_\cfZXccp$`eZfigfiXk\[:`k`YXebJ`e^Xgfi\Ck[% Le[\i _`j c\X[\ij_`g# :`k`YXeb J`e^Xgfi\ _Xj kiXej]fid\[ `kj Zfejld\i YXeb`e^ gi\j\eZ\ k_ifl^_ gif[lZk `eefmXk`fej# \ogXe[\[ [`jki`Ylk`fe Xe[ X dXib\k$c\X[`e^ j\im`Z\ kiXej]fidXk`fe gif^iXdd\% B\p d`c\jkfe\j `eZcl[\[ k_\ gXike\ij_`g n`k_ J`e^Xgfi\ DXjj IXg`[ KiXej`k :figfiXk`fe Ck[ JDIK Xe[ e\n Zljkfd\i ]fZlj\[ `e`k`Xk`m\jjlZ_Xjk_\`ejkXekZi\[`kZXi[`jjlXeZ\#`ejkXekdfik^X^\Xe[lej\Zli\[ cfXe XggifmXcj# Xe[ X cXe[dXib j\im`Z\ kiXej]fidXk`fe gXike\ij_`g n`k_ k_\ I`kq :Xickfe _fk\c ^iflg% Le[\i _`j dXeX^\d\ek# :`k`YXeb _Xj dX[\ j`^e`ÔZXek `eifX[j `ekf k_\ J`e^Xgfi\ _\XikcXe[j# ^ifn`e^ YiXe[\[ Zljkfd\i kflZ_gf`ekj ]ifd , `e )'',kffm\i/''kf[Xp% =ifd 8l^ljk )''.# Di% CXij\e nXj ?\X[ f] :`k`Ëj >cfYXc :fejld\i 9lj`e\jj XZifjj Jflk_<Xjk8j`X#XYlj`e\jjjgXee`e^j`oZfleki`\j#Ô]k\\ek_fljXe[\dgcfp\\jXe[ jfd\\`^_kd`cc`feZljkfd\iXZZflekj% Di% CXij\e nXj gi\m`fljcp k_\ ?\X[ f] I\kX`c 9Xeb`e^ ]fi :`k`YXeb `e 8j`X GXZ`ÔZ )''* kf )'', i\jgfej`Yc\ ]fi :`k`YXebËj i\kX`c Ylj`e\jj `e () Zfleki`\j XZifjj k_\ i\^`fe%8jI\^`feXc:`k`^fc[?\X[)'''kf)''* #_\nXjXb\pgcXp\i`eYl`c[`e^$lg :`k`YXebËjc\X[`e^i\kX`cN\Xck_DXeX^\d\ek]iXeZ_`j\XZifjj8j`X% Di% CXij\e _Xj Xcjf Y\\e \ok\ej`m\cp `emfcm\[ `e [\m\cfg`e^ :`k`Ëj ]iXeZ_`j\ `e k_\ i\^`fe k_ifl^_ XZhl`j`k`fe% 8j I\^`fe ?\X[ f] 9lj`e\jj ;\m\cfgd\ek (00/ kf )'', #_\nXj:`k`Ëjgi`eZ`gXci\gi\j\ekXk`m\`ee\^fk`Xk`e^Xe[\o\Zlk`e^k_\)%.9e XZhl`j`k`fe f] BfiXd 9Xeb `e Bfi\X `e )''+% ?\ c\[ :`k`Ëj cXe[dXib jkiXk\^`Z Zffg\iXk`feX^i\\d\ekn`k_#Xe[`em\jkd\ek`e#k_\J_Xe^_X`Gl[fe^;\m\cfgd\ek 9Xeb# Xj n\cc Xj k_\ XZhl`j`k`fe f] k_\ ;`e\ij :clY f] AXgXe @eZ% ?\ nXj j`d`cXicp `emfcm\[`eeld\ifljfk_\iZfigfiXk\Xe[gfik]fc`fXZhl`j`k`fej% 9\]fi\ af`e`e^ :`k`YXeb# Di% CXij\e jg\ek \`^_k p\Xij n`k_ k_\ ^cfYXc dXeX^\d\ek ZfejlckXeZp Ôid 9ffq# 8cc\e ?Xd`ckfe n_\i\ _\ Y\ZXd\ X Gi`eZ`gXc `e k_\ ÔidËj =`eXeZ`XcJ\im`Z\j>iflg%N_`c\Xk9ffq#8cc\e?Xd`ckfe#_\X[m`j\[dXafiÔeXeZ`Xc `ejk`klk`fejXZifjj8j`X#<lifg\Xe[k_\Le`k\[JkXk\jfeXn`[\iXe^\f]cXi^\$jZXc\ jkiXk\^`Z Xe[ fg\iXk`feXc \e^X^\d\ekj% ?\ nXj X i\Z`g`\ek f] k_\ gi\jk`^`flj 9ffq 8cc\e Gif]\jj`feXc <oZ\cc\eZ\ 8nXi[% Gi`fi kf nfib`e^ n`k_ 9ffq# 8cc\e ?Xd`ckfe# Di%CXij\ejg\ekk_\Ôijkk_i\\p\Xijf]_`jZXi\\in`k_k_\EXk`feXcDlklXc>iflg`e 8ljkiXc`XXe[E\nQ\XcXe[efngXikf]8O8 % Di%CXij\e`jX;`i\Zkfif]:`k`YXebJ`e^Xgfi\C`d`k\[Xe[:`k`YXeb9\i_X[%?\Xcjf j\im\[XjXd\dY\if]k_\8[m`jfip9fXi[f]k_\EXk`feXcLe`m\ij`kpf]J`e^Xgfi\ 9lj`e\jjJZ_ffc% Di%CXij\e_fc[jX9XZ_\cfif]8ikjn`k_?feflij=`ijk:cXjj ]ifdk_\Le`m\ij`kpf] D\cYflie\n_\i\_\nXjXnXi[\[k_\<e[;\i_XdGi`q\]fi(0/.% 9fXi[F];`i\Zkfij$Gif]`c\ Di% JXea\\m EXeXmXk` nXj Xggf`ek\[ k_\ 9XebËj :_`\] <o\Zlk`m\ F]ÔZ\i `e FZkfY\i )''.% ?\ `j i\jgfej`Yc\ ]fi :`k`Ëj I\kX`c YXeb`e^# Zi\[`k ZXi[j# ZfigfiXk\ YXeb`e^# ZfigfiXk\ ÔeXeZ\# `em\jkd\ek YXeb`e^# ^cfYXc kiXejXZk`fe j\im`Z\j# \hl`k`\j#Ôo\[`eZfd\Xe[ki\XjlipXZk`m`k`\j`eDXcXpj`X% Di%JXea\\mEXeXmXk` ?\ nXj k_\ ?\X[ f] :figfiXk\ Xe[ @em\jkd\ek 9Xeb`e^ ]fi j`o p\Xij `e fe\ f] k_\ cXi^\jk `ek\ieXk`feXc YXebj `e @e[`X Xe[ gi`fi kf k_Xk nfib\[ ]fi () p\Xij n`k_XdXafiL%J%YXeb`eD8Xe[:Xg`kXcDXib\kj#nfib`e^`ek_\Le`k\[JkXk\j Xe[ ?fe^ Bfe^% Di% EXeXmXk`Ëj gif[lZk \og\i`\eZ\ \ok\e[j XZifjj [\Yk Xe[ \hl`kpZXg`kXcdXib\kj2D8Xe[X[m`jfip2c\e[`e^#ZXj_dXeX^\d\ekXe[kiX[\2 Xe[dfi\i\Z\ekcpj\Zli`k`\jj\im`Z\j% Di%EXeXmXk`_fc[jXeD98;\^i\\]ifdJpiXZlj\Le`m\ij`kp`ek_\Le`k\[JkXk\j% 8k gi\j\ek# _\ `j X 9fXi[ d\dY\i f] k_\ 8d\i`ZXe DXcXpj`Xe :_XdY\i f] :fdd\iZ\Xe[XcjfX:fleZ`cd\dY\if]k_\8jjfZ`Xk`fef]9Xebj`eDXcXpj`X%?\ j\im\jXjXd\dY\if]k_\9XebËjEfd`eXk`e^:fdd`kk\\Xe[X9fXi[d\dY\if] :`k`YXebDXcXpj`XC C`d`k\[Xe[:`k`^iflg>cfYXcDXib\kjDXcXpj`XJ[e9_[% KXe Ji` ;XkfË ?a FdXi af`e\[ k_\ 9Xeb fe * DXp )''' Xj Xe @e[\g\e[\ek Efe <o\Zlk`m\;`i\Zkfi%?\j\im\jXjk_\:_X`idXef]k_\Efd`eXk`e^:fdd`kk\\Xe[X d\dY\if]k_\8l[`k:fdd`kk\\Xe[I`jbDXeX^\d\ek:fdd`kk\\f]k_\9Xeb% ?\Xcjfj\im\jXjXEfe$<o\Zlk`m\;`i\Zkfifek_\9fXi[f]BC::?fc[`e^j J[e9_[# :pY\im`\nJ[e9_[#GE9:fdd\iZ`XcJ[e9_[Xe[@GG\idf[XcXe?XikXJ[e9_[ Xjn\ccXjX]\nfk_\in\cc\jkXYc`j_\[gi`mXk\ZfdgXe`\j% ?\_Xjjg\ekdfi\k_Xek_i\\[\ZX[\jj\im`e^k_\^fm\ied\ekXjXZ`m`c\e^`e\\i `ek_\GlYc`ZNfibj;\gXikd\ekGN; f]DXcXpj`XXe[[li`e^k_`jcfe^k\eli\#_\ _\c[ dXep gfj`k`fej `e k_\ [\gXikd\ek# Zlcd`eXk`e^ `e k_\ gfj`k`fe f] GN;Ëj ;`i\Zkfi$>\e\iXc]ifd(00-kf(000% KXeJi`;XkfËFdXi9%@YiX_`d KXeJi`;XkfË?aFdXi_XjgXik`ZlcXi\og\ik`j\`ejkilZkliXc\e^`e\\i`e^Xe[nXk\i jlggcp \e^`e\\i`e^# _`j gif]\jj`feXc nfib \og\i`\eZ\ _Xj Y\\e mXi`\[ k_fl^_# `eZcl[`e^[\j`^eXjj`^ed\ekjXjn\ccXjgifa\ZkdXeX^\d\ekkf^\e\iXcdXeX^\d\ek% ?\_XjY\\ek_\Gi\j`[\ekf]k_\9fXi[f]<e^`e\\ijDXcXpj`X#K_\DXcXpj`XeNXk\i 8jjfZ`Xk`fe Xe[ DXcXpj`Xe JkilZkliXc Jk\\c 8jjfZ`Xk`fe Xk mXi`flj k`d\j Y\kn\\e (0//Xe[(000% KXeJi`;XkfË?aFdXi_fc[jXDXjk\if]JZ`\eZ\]ifdk_\Le`m\ij`kpf]Jflk_Xdgkfe Xe[X9XZ_\cfif]<e^`e\\i`e^]ifdk_\Le`m\ij`kpf]DXcXpX% ?\`jX=\ccfnf]k_\@ejk`klk`fef]<e^`e\\ijDXcXpj`XXe[Xgif]\jj`feXc\e^`e\\i i\^`jk\i\[n`k_k_\9fXi[f]<e^`e\\ijDXcXpj`X% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Gi`fi kf k_`j Xggf`ekd\ek# _\ nXj DXeX^`e^ ;`i\Zkfi Xe[ >cfYXc ?\X[ f] :`k`^iflg ;\gfj`kfip I\Z\`gk J\im`Z\j YXj\[ `e E\n Pfib Xe[ ?fe^ Bfe^# i\jgfej`Yc\]fiXccXjg\Zkjf]k_\8;I&>;Igif[lZkf]]\i`e^^cfYXccp%Di%EXeXmXk` af`e\[ k_\ :`k`^iflg ;\gfj`kfip I\Z\`gk J\im`Z\j DXeX^\d\ek k\Xd `e Alcp )''( Xe[ jkiXk\^`ZXccp i\gfj`k`fe\[ k_\ Ylj`e\jj# Zi\Xk`e^ X [`]]\i\ek`Xk\[ mXcl\ gifgfj`k`fe]fiZc`\ekj% 13 9fXi[F];`i\Zkfij$Gif]`c\ ;XkfËJp\[J`[`@[`[`jXn\cc$efk\[#i\jg\Zk\[Xe[_`^_cphlXc`Ô\[DXcXpj`Xe% ?\ fYkX`e\[ X 9XZ_\cfi f] 8ikj ?fej [\^i\\ ]ifd k_\ Le`m\ij`kp f] DXcXpX Xe[ cXk\iZfdgc\k\[_`jDXjk\ijf]8ikj]ifdk_\Le`m\ij`kpf]N`jZfej`e#Le`k\[JkXk\j f]8d\i`ZX% ;XkfË Jp\[ J`[` @[`[ nXj `e`k`Xccp Xggf`ek\[ Xj Xe 8[d`e`jkiXk`m\ F]ÔZ\i f] k_\ DXcXpj`Xe 8[d`e`jkiXk`m\ Xe[ ;`gcfdXk`Z J\im`Z\# Xe[ jlYj\hl\ekcp j\im\[ Xj Xe 8jj`jkXekJ\Zi\kXip`ek_\D`e`jkipf]?\Xck_`e(0--% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik ?\nXjXggf`ek\[k_\Gi`eZ`gXc8jj`jkXekJ\Zi\kXipf]k_\?fd\8]]X`ijD`e`jkip`e (0-. Xe[ cXk\i Y\ZXd\ k_\ ;`i\Zkfi f] @dd`^iXk`fe `e k_\ jkXk\ f] JXYX_ YXZb `e (0.+%@e(0./#_\kffbfm\iXjk_\;\glkpJ\Zi\kXipf]k_\EXk`feXcJ\Zli`kp:fleZ`c `ek_\Gi`d\D`e`jk\iËj;\gXikd\ek% ;XkfËJp\[J`[`@[`[ 9%Jp\[8Y[lccX_@[`[ JlYj\hl\ekcp# ;XkfË Jp\[ J`[` @[`[ nXj j\Zfe[\[ Xj k_\ J\Zi\kXip f] k_\ @gf_ Dle`Z`gXc:fleZ`c`eG\iXb`e(0/'Xe[Ôm\p\XijcXk\i#`e(0/,#_\nXjXggf`ek\[kf Y\k_\JkXk\=`eXeZ`XcF]ÔZ\i% ?\ Xjjld\[ k_\ gfj`k`fej f] ;\glkp J\Zi\kXip D`e`jkip f] KiXejgfik `e (0/0# ;\glkp J\Zi\kXip >\e\iXc DXeX^\d\ek f] k_\ D`e`jkip f] ?\Xck_ `e (00) Xe[ ÔeXccpXj;`i\Zkfi>\e\iXc&I\^`jkiXi$>\e\iXcf]:f$fg\iXk`m\j`ek_\;\gXikd\ek f] :f$fg\iXk`m\ ;\m\cfgd\ek `e (00- Y\]fi\ i\k`i`e^ ]ifd k_\ DXcXpj`Xe :`m`c J\im`Z\`e(00/% @e X[[`k`fe# ;XkfË Jp\[ J`[` @[`[ Xcjf j\im\[ Xj X d\dY\i f] k_\ GlYc`Z J\im`Z\j :fdd`jj`fef]DXcXpj`X]fiknfp\XijY\^`ee`e^(000%?\Xcjfj\im\jXjXD\dY\i f]k_\EXk`feXcB`[e\p=fle[Xk`feËj9fXi[f]>fm\iefijfeXmfclekXipYXj`j% 14 ;XkfË Jp\[ J`[` @[`[ `j X ;`i\Zkfi f] C`kpXe ?fc[`e^j 9\i_X[ Xe[ Xggf`ek\[ Xj k_\ :_X`idXe f] k_\ I`jb DXeX^\d\ek :fdd`kk\\ Xe[ X d\dY\i f] k_\ :fdgXepËj 8l[`k :fdd`kk\\# I\dle\iXk`fe :fdd`kk\\ Xe[ Efd`eXk`fe :fdd`kk\\% J`eZ\ )'''#_\_XjY\\ej\im`e^Xj:`k`YXeb9\i_X[Ëj;`i\ZkfiXe[:_X`idXef]k_\8l[`k :fdd`kk\\% ?\ `j Xcjf X d\dY\i f] k_\ 9XebËj I`jb DXeX^\d\ek :fdd`kk\\ Xe[ Efd`eXk`e^:fdd`kk\\% ;XkfË J`fn `j Zlii\ekcp k_\ :_X`idXe f] DX`eJki\\k 8[m`j\ij J[e 9_[# X c`Z\ej\[ ZfigfiXk\ÔeXeZ\X[m`jfipÔid%?\`jXcjfX;`i\Zkfif]BldglcXeNXe^G\ijXiXXe Xe[j\im\jfek_\9fXi[f]k_i\\glYc`Zcpc`jk\[ZfdgXe`\j#eXd\cpNQJk\\c9\i_X[# O`e^HlXe@ek\ieXk`feXcJgfikj?fc[`e^jC`d`k\[Xe[LDN?fc[`e^j9_[% ;XkfËJ`fnB`dClenXjn`k_k_\J\Zli`k`\j:fdd`jj`feJ: ]fifm\i(*p\Xijlek`c _`j i\k`i\d\ek `e ;\Z\dY\i )''-% ;li`e^ _`j k\eli\ n`k_ k_\ J:# _\ _\c[ j\m\iXc gfj`k`fej `eZcl[`e^ k_Xk f] k_\ ;`i\Zkfi f] k_\ @jjl\j Xe[ @em\jkd\ek ;`m`j`fe# k_\ ;`i\Zkfif]k_\DXib\kJlg\im`j`fe;`m`j`feXjn\ccXjk_\<o\Zlk`m\;`i\Zkfi`ek_\ :_X`idXeËj F]ÔZ\% ?\ _Xj Xcjf j\im\[ Xj X d\dY\i f] k_\ C`jk`e^ :fdd`kk\\ f] 9lijXDXcXpj`XJ\Zli`k`\j9\i_X[]ifdDXp)''.kfDXp)''0% Gi`fikfaf`e`e^k_\J:#;XkfËJ`fnnfib\[`ek_\`em\jkd\ekYXeb`e^Xe[ÔeXeZ`Xc j\im`Z\j`e[ljkip`eDXcXpj`X]fifm\i()p\Xij% ;XkfËJ`fnB`dCle ;XkfË J`fn _fc[j Xe D98 ]ifd k_\ :Xk_fc`Z Le`m\ij`kp f] C\lm\e# 9\c^`ld Xe[ X 9XZ_\cfi f] <Zfefd`Zj ?fej ]ifd k_\ EXk`feXc Le`m\ij`kp f] DXcXpj`X% ?\ Xcjf Xkk\e[\[k_\8[mXeZ\[DXeX^\d\ekGif^iXdXk?XimXi[9lj`e\jjJZ_ffc% ;XkfËJ`fn_XjY\\eX[`i\Zkfif]:`k`YXeb9\i_X[j`eZ\8gi`c)''.%?\`jgi\j\ekcp k_\ :_X`idXe f] k_\ 9XebËj I`jb DXeX^\d\ek :fdd`kk\\ Xe[ X d\dY\i f] k_\ Efd`eXk`e^:fdd`kk\\Xe[8l[`k:fdd`kk\\% JkXk\d\ekf]:figfiXk\>fm\ieXeZ\ K_\ 9Xeb _Xj Xcjf kXb\e k_\ e\Z\jjXip jk\gj kf \ejli\ Zfe]fid`kp n`k_ 9Xeb E\^XiX DXcXpj`XËj 9ED >l`[\c`e\j fe :figfiXk\ >fm\ieXeZ\ ]fi C`Z\ej\[ @ejk`klk`fej I\m`j\[ 9ED&>G( % 9fXi[:fdgfj`k`fe K_\9fXi[Zfdgi`j\jÔm\d\dY\ij% K_\]fccfn`e^`jk_\YfXi[c`e\$lg1 Di%AfeXk_Xe:_i`jk`XeCXij\e Efe$@e[\g\e[\ekEfe$<o\Zlk`m\;`i\Zkfi&:_X`idXe Di%JXea\\mEXeXmXk` Efe$@e[\g\e[\ek<o\Zlk`m\;`i\Zkfi&:_`\]<o\Zlk`m\F]ÔZ\i KXeJi`;XkfË?aFdXi9%@YiX_`d @e[\g\e[\ekEfe$<o\Zlk`m\;`i\Zkfi ;XkfËJp\[J`[`@[`[9%Jp\[8Y[lccX_@[`[ @e[\g\e[\ekEfe$<o\Zlk`m\;`i\Zkfi ;XkfËJ`fnB`dCle @e[\g\e[\ekEfe$<o\Zlk`m\;`i\Zkfi Di%G`plj_>lgkX Efe$@e[\g\e[\ekEfe$<o\Zlk`m\;`i\Zkfi&:_X`idXe i\j`^e\[n`k_\]]\Zk]ifd*J\gk\dY\i)''0 K_\ `e[`m`[lXc gifÔc\j f] k_\ XYfm\ d\ek`fe\[ [`i\Zkfij Xi\ j\k flkfegX^\j()kf(+f]k_`ji\gfik% K_\Zfdgfj`k`fef]k_\9XebËj9fXi[f];`i\Zkfij`j`eZfdgc`XeZ\ n`k_ k_\ I\m`j\[ 9ED&>G(# n_`Z_ i\hl`i\j Xk c\Xjk fe\$k_`i[ f] k_\YfXi[d\dY\ijkfY\`e[\g\e[\ek[`i\Zkfij% K_\ gi\j\eZ\ f] X efe$`e[\g\e[\ek efe$\o\Zlk`m\ [`i\Zkfi Xe[ k_i\\ `e[\g\e[\ek efe$\o\Zlk`m\ [`i\Zkfij \eXYc\j k_\ 9Xeb kf m`\nXcci\c\mXek`jjl\jfYa\Zk`m\cpXe[`eXYXcXeZ\[dXee\i%K_`j ]lik_\i \e_XeZ\j k_\ XZZflekXY`c`kp f] k_\ [\Z`j`fe dXb`e^ gifZ\jjn`k_`e:`k`YXeb9\i_X[% K_\ gi\j\eZ\ f] k_\ efe$\o\Zlk`m\ [`i\Zkfij `j Xcjf Y\e\ÔZ`Xc Xj`kgifm`[\jiffd]fie\ng\ijg\Zk`m\jXe[`[\Xjk_XkZflc[ _\cg`dgifm\k_\\]]\Zk`m\e\jjXe[\]ÔZ`\eZpf]k_\9fXi[fe k_\n_fc\% K_\ i\m`j\[ 9ED&>G( ^l`[\c`e\ jk`glcXk\j k_\ e\\[ ]fi X dXo`dld f] fe\ <o\Zlk`m\ ;`i\Zkfi `e k_\ 9XebËj 9fXi[ f] ;`i\Zkfijc`e\$lg% Di% AfeXk_Xe :_i`jk`Xe CXij\enXjXggf`ek\[:_X`idXef]k_\ 9Xeb\]]\Zk`m\]ifd,AXelXip)'('`egcXZ\f]Di%G`plj_>lgkX n_fi\j`^e\[]ifdk_\jXd\gfj`k`fefe*J\gk\dY\i)''0% Ifc\jXe[I\jgfej`Y`c`k`\j K_\gi`dXipi\jgfej`Y`c`kpf]k_\9fXi[f];`i\Zkfij`jkfgifm`[\ \]]\Zk`m\^fm\ieXeZ\`ek\idjf]k_\9XebËjX]]X`ij]fik_\Y\e\Ôk f] Xcc j_Xi\_fc[\ij Xe[ Xcjf kf YXcXeZ\ k_\ `ek\i\jkj f] [`]]\i\ek Zfejk`kl\eZ`\j jlZ_ Xj Zljkfd\ij# \dgcfp\\j# jlggc`\ij Xe[ k_\ cfZXcZfddle`kp% 8dfe^fk_\ik_`e^j#k_\9fXi[Xcjfi\m`\njXe[Xggifm\jk_\ 9XebËj jkiXk\^`Z Ylj`e\jj gcXej XeelXccp# fm\ij\\j k_\ dXeX^\d\ek f] k_\ Ylj`e\jj Xe[ dfe`kfij k_\ 9XebËj XZklXc g\i]fidXeZ\X^X`ejkgifa\Zk`fej% K_\ 9fXi[ Xcjf \ejli\j k_Xk k_\ `e]iXjkilZkli\# `ek\ieXc Zfekifcj Xe[ i`jb dXeX^\d\ek gifZ\jj\j n`k_`e k_\ 9Xeb i\dX`e ifYljk Xe[Xi\`dgc\d\ek\[`eXZfej`jk\ekXe[k`d\cpdXee\i% @e X[[`k`fe# k_\ 9fXi[ ZXii`\j flk mXi`flj fk_\i ]leZk`fej Xe[ i\jgfej`Y`c`k`\j Xj jk`glcXk\[ `e k_\ ^l`[\c`e\j Xe[ [`i\Zk`m\j `jjl\[Yp9ED]ifdk`d\kfk`d\% @ei\cXk`fekfk_\i\hl`i\d\ekjjkXk\[le[\ik_\i\m`j\[9ED&>G(# k_\ 9Xeb _Xj jlYd`kk\[ Xe Xggc`ZXk`fe kf 9ED ]fi [\m`Xk`fe f] Gi`eZ`gc\ (' j_Xi\_fc[\ij j_flc[ Y\ \ek`i\cp `e[\g\e[\ek f] k_\ dXeX^\d\ekXe[k_Xkk_\:<Fj_flc[[\i`m\Xlk_fi`kpfecp]ifd k_\ 9fXi[ Xe[ Gi`eZ`gc\ () i\^lcXi Zfddle`ZXk`fe kf Y\ _\c[ n`k_j_Xi\_fc[\ij % Fe*DXp)''-#9EDXggifm\[k_\9XebËjf]ÔZ`Xci\hl\jk]fik_\ XYfm\$d\ek`fe\[[\m`Xk`fej% 8jk_\9Xeb]Xccjle[\ik_\^cfYXcjkilZkli\f]:`k`#k_\9fXi[Xcjf \ejli\jk_Xkk_\9XebX[fgkjXggc`ZXYc\:`k`gfc`Z`\j`ei\cXk`fekf Zi\[`kXggifmXcgifZ\jj\jXe[fg\iXk`feXcdXelXcj% 8jXd\Xejkf\ejli\k_\9Xeb_XjXY\e\ÔZ`Xc`eÕl\eZ\fek_\ \Zfefdpf]k_\cfZXcZfddle`kp#k_\;`i\Zkfij_Xm\XZfek`elflj i\jgfej`Y`c`kp kf gifm`[\ YXeb`e^ j\im`Z\j Xe[ ]XZ`c`k`\j k_Xk Xi\ Zfe[lZ`m\kfXn\cc$YXcXeZ\[\Zfefd`Z^ifnk_% =i\hl\eZpXe[:fe[lZkf] 9fXi[D\\k`e^jXe[8kk\e[XeZ\ K_\ 9fXi[ f] ;`i\Zkfij d\\k j`o k`d\j X p\Xi `e fi[\i kf \]]\Zk`m\cp [`jZ_Xi^\ k_\`i [lk`\j Xj n\cc Xj kf Zfdgcp n`k_ k_\ i\m`j\[9ED&>G(^l`[\c`e\i\hl`i\d\ekj% ;li`e^ 9fXi[ d\\k`e^j# k_\ ;`i\Zkfij Xi\ gifm`[\[ n`k_ Xe X^\e[X#gXg\ijfek_\9XebËjdfjki\Z\ekÔeXeZ`Xcg\i]fidXeZ\# i`jb dXeX^\d\ek i\gfikj# Yl[^\kj# e\n Ylj`e\jj `e`k`Xk`m\j fi gif[lZk cXleZ_\j# 9fXi[ Zfdd`kk\\j d\\k`e^jË d`elk\j Xe[ lg[Xk\jfe`e[ljkipi\^lcXk`fejfigfc`ZpZ_Xe^\j%K_\9fXi[Xcjf i\Z\`m\j Ylj`e\jj gi\j\ekXk`fej fe kfg`ZXc dXkk\ij# jlYa\Zk kf jlZ_i\hl\jkj% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik K_\ 9Xeb Xjg`i\j kf XZ_`\m\ k_\ _`^_\jk jkXe[Xi[j `e \k_`ZXc Zfe[lZk Yp [\c`m\i`e^ fli gifd`j\ kf Zc`\ekj# i\gfik`e^ fli ÔeXeZ`Xci\jlckjXZZliXk\cpXe[kiXejgXi\ekcpXe[dX`ekX`e`e^]lcc Zfdgc`XeZ\ n`k_ Xcc cXnj# ilc\j Xe[ i\^lcXk`fej ^fm\ie`e^ k_\ 9XebËjYlj`e\jjfg\iXk`fej% 15 JkXk\d\ekf]:figfiXk\>fm\ieXeZ\ K_\9fXi[d\\k`e^X^\e[XXe[gXg\ijXi\[`jki`Ylk\[kfXcc;`i\Zkfij gi`fikfk_\jZ_\[lc\[d\\k`e^jjfXjkf^iXekk_\djl]ÔZ`\ekk`d\ kfi\m`\nXccdXk\i`Xcj&`jjl\jk_Xkn`ccY\[`jZljj\[[li`e^k_\XZklXc d\\k`e^%K_`jgifZ\[li\^f\jXcfe^nXp`e\ejli`e^k_XkXcc9fXi[ d\\k`e^[`jZljj`fejXjn\ccXj[\Z`j`fejdX[\&kXb\e#Xi\d\Xe`e^]lc Xe[YXj\[feXZZliXk\]XZkjXe[Ô^li\j% K_\gifZ\\[`e^jf]Xcc9fXi[d\\k`e^jXi\XcjfkXb\e[fneXjf]ÔZ`Xc d`elk\j Xe[ jlZ_ d`elk\j Xi\ cXk\i Z`iZlcXk\[ ]fi k_\ ;`i\ZkfijË g\iljXcgi`fikfZfeÔidXk`fe[li`e^k_\]fccfn`e^d\\k`e^j% K_\ Xkk\e[XeZ\ i\Zfi[ ]fi \XZ_ f] k_\ 9fXi[ d\dY\i ]fi k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xcp\Xi\e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0`jXjj_fneY\cfn1 8l[`k:fdd`kk\\ :fdgfj`k`fe K_\8l[`k:fdd`kk\\nXj\jkXYc`j_\[`e(00+%Gi\j\ekd\dY\ij f]k_\Zfdd`kk\\Xi\1 ;XkfËJp\[J`[`@[`[9%Jp\[8Y[lccX_@[`[:_X`idXe Di%AfeXk_Xe:_i`jk`XeCXij\e KXeJi`;XkfË?aFdXi9%@YiX_`d ;XkfËJ`fnB`dCle 8cck_\8l[`k:fdd`kk\\d\dY\ijXi\efe$\o\Zlk`m\[`i\Zkfij f]k_\9Xeb% =i\hl\eZpf]D\\k`e^j :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik EXd\f];`i\Zkfi 16 Di%AfeXk_Xe:_i`jk`XeCXij\e Di%JXea\\mEXeXmXk` KXeJi`;XkfË?aFdXi9%@YiX_`d ;XkfËJp\[J`[`@[`[9%Jp\[8Y[lccX_@[`[ ;XkfËJ`fnB`dCle Di%G`plj_>lgkX KfkXc D\\k`e^j 8kk\e[\[ -&-&-&-&-&+&+! ! Di%G`plj_>lgkXXkk\e[\[Xcc]fli9fXi[d\\k`e^j_\c[gi`fi kf_`ji\j`^eXk`fe#n_`Z_kffb\]]\Zkfe*J\gk\dY\i)''0% 8kfkXcf]]fli8l[`k:fdd`kk\\d\\k`e^jXi\Zfe[lZk\[XeelXccp Xe[ ]fi k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc p\Xi f] )''0# Xcc d\dY\ij Xkk\e[\[ \m\ip d\\k`e^_\c[% K\idjf]I\]\i\eZ\ K_\ 9fXi[ _Xj Xggifm\[ k_\ k\idj f] i\]\i\eZ\ ]fi k_\ 8l[`k :fdd`kk\\% K_\ dX`e fYa\Zk`m\ f] k_\ 8l[`k :fdd`kk\\ `j kf i\m`\n k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc gfj`k`fe f] :`k`YXeb 9\i_X[# `kj `ek\ieXc Zfekifcj# g\i]fidXeZ\Xe[Ôe[`e^jf]k_\`ek\ieXcXe[\ok\ieXcXl[`kfijXj n\ccXjkfi\Zfdd\e[Xggifgi`Xk\i\d\[`XcXZk`fe`]e\Z\jjXip % K_\8l[`k:fdd`kk\\ËjdX`ei\jgfej`Y`c`k`\jXi\Xj]fccfnj1 9fXi[:fdd`kk\\j K_\9fXi[f];`i\Zkfij\jkXYc`j_\[j\m\iXcÊ9fXi[:fdd`kk\\jËkf Xjj`jk k_\d `e k_\ fm\iXcc dXeX^\d\ek Xe[ jlg\im`j`fe f] k_\ 9XebËjYlj`e\jjfg\iXk`fej% X% <ejli\ k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc XZZflekj Xi\ gi\gXi\[ `e X k`d\cp Xe[ XZZliXk\ dXee\i n`k_ ]i\hl\ek i\m`\nj fe k_\ X[\hlXZp f] gifm`j`fej]fiZfek`e^\eZ`\j#YX[Xe[[flYk]lc[\Ykj% K_\ Zfdd`kk\\ d\dY\ij j_Xcc Y\ Xggf`ek\[ Yp k_\ 9fXi[ lgfe i\Zfdd\e[Xk`fef]k_\Efd`eXk`e^:fdd`kk\\% Y% I\m`\n k_\ YXcXeZ\ j_\\k gclj gifÔk Xe[ cfjj XZZflek ]fi jlYd`jj`fe kf k_\ 9fXi[ f] ;`i\Zkfij Xe[ \ejli\ k_\ gifdgk glYc`ZXk`fef]XeelXcXZZflekj% <XZ_Zfdd`kk\\_Xj`kjfneni`kk\eZ_Xik\i#Zc\Xicpflkc`e`e^k_\ d`jj`fe Xe[ i\jgfej`Y`c`k`\j f] k_\ i\jg\Zk`m\ Zfdd`kk\\ Xj n\cc Xjn\cc$[\Ôe\[k\idjf]i\]\i\eZ\Xggifm\[Ypk_\9fXi[% GlijlXek kf k_\ i\m`j\[ 9ED&>G( ^l`[\c`e\# k_\ 9fXi[ `j Xcjf i\hl`i\[kf\jkXYc`j_k_\]fccfn`e^X[[`k`feXcZfdd`kk\\jY\j`[\j k_\\o`jk`e^8l[`k:fdd`kk\\1 Efd`eXk`e^:fdd`kk\\ I\dle\iXk`fe:fdd`kk\\ I`jbDXeX^\d\ek:fdd`kk\\ K_\ 9Xeb _Xj j`eZ\ j\k lg k_\ Efd`eXk`e^ :fdd`kk\\ Xe[ I`jb DXeX^\d\ek:fdd`kk\\% K_\ 9Xeb jlYd`kk\[ Xe Xggc`ZXk`fe kf 9ED ]fi X nX`m\i ]ifd \jkXYc`j_`e^k_\I\dle\iXk`fe:fdd`kk\\%Fe*DXp)''-#9ED ^iXek\[k_\9XebXggifmXcfek_\XYfm\Xggc`ZXk`fe% Z% I\m`\n k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc p\Xi$\e[ XeelXc jkXk\d\ekj Y\]fi\ jlYd`jj`fekfk_\9fXi[#]fZlj`e^fe1 (% :fdgc`XeZ\ n`k_ XZZflek`e^ jkXe[Xi[j Xe[ fk_\i c\^Xc i\hl`i\d\ekj )% :_Xe^\j`eXZZflek`e^gfc`Z`\jXe[giXZk`Z\j *% J`^e`ÔZXek`jjl\jXe[leljlXc\m\ekjXi`j`e^]ifdk_\Xl[`k +% >f`e^ZfeZ\ieXjjldgk`fe ,% DXafial[^d\ekXcXi\Xj [% :fe[lZk X Zfdgc\k\ i\m`\n gi`fi kf glYc`j_`e^ k_\ XeelXc i\gfikkf\ejli\Zfdgc`XeZ\n`k_i\^lcXkfipi\hl`i\d\ekj% \% I\m`\n \]]\Zk`m\e\jj f] `ek\ieXc Zfekifcj# `eZcl[`e^ jZfg\ f] k_\ `ek\ieXc Xl[`k gif^iXd# `kj ifc\# i\jfliZ\j f] k_\ `ek\ieXc Xl[`k ]leZk`fej Xe[ \ejli\ `k _Xj k_\ e\Z\jjXip Xlk_fi`kp kf ZXiipflk`kjnfibXjn\ccXji\Zfdd\e[XZk`fekfY\kXb\eYp k_\dXeX^\d\ek#n_\e\m\ie\Z\jjXip% JkXk\d\ekf]:figfiXk\>fm\ieXeZ\ ^% I\m`\nn`k_\ok\ieXcXl[`kfij#k_\jZfg\f]k_\`iXl[`kgcXe# `ek\ieXcXZZflek`e^Zfekifcj#Xl[`ki\gfikj#Xjj`jkXeZ\^`m\e Yp k_\ dXeX^\d\ek Xe[ `kj jkX]] kf k_\ Xl[`kfij Xj n\cc Xj k_\`i Ôe[`e^j Xe[ i\Zfdd\e[\[ XZk`fej kf Y\ kXb\e% J\c\ZkXe[i\Zfdd\e[\ok\ieXcXl[`kfij]fiXggf`ekd\ekYp k_\9fXi[XeelXccp% _% ;`jZljj gifYc\dj Xe[ i\j\imXk`fej Xi`j`e^ ]ifd k_\ `ek\i`d Xe[ÔeXc\ok\ieXcXl[`kj#`eZcl[`e^XepdXkk\ijk_\\ok\ieXc Xl[`kfij dXp n`j_ kf [\c`Y\iXk\ lgfe `e k_\ XYj\eZ\ f] dXeX^\d\ek#n_\i\e\Z\jjXip % `% I\m`\n \ok\ieXc Xl[`kfiËj c\kk\i kf dXeX^\d\ek Xe[ k_\ cXkk\iËji\jgfej\kfk_\jXd\% a% I\m`\n i\cXk\[ gXikp kiXejXZk`fej Xe[ `[\ek`]p Xep gfk\ek`Xc ZfeÕ`Zkf]`ek\i\jkj`klXk`fej k_XkdXpXi`j\n`k_`ek_\9Xeb `eZcl[`e^ Xep kiXejXZk`fej# gifZ\[li\j fi Zflij\ f] Zfe[lZk# n_`Z_hl\jk`fejk_\`ek\^i`kpf]k_\dXeX^\d\ek% b% I\m`\n i\j`^eXk`fe c\kk\ij ]ifd k_\ \ok\ieXc Xl[`kfij f] :`k`YXeb9\i_X[% c% J\c\Zk \ok\ieXc Xl[`kfij kf Y\ Xggf`ek\[ Yp k_\ 9fXi[# lec\jj fk_\in`j\ X[m`j\[ jlZ_ Xj efk jl`kXYc\ ]fi i\$Xggf`ekd\ek jlggfik\[YpmXc`[aljk`ÔZXk`fej&^ifle[j % Efd`eXk`e^:fdd`kk\\ :fdgfj`k`fe K_\ Efd`eXk`e^ :fdd`kk\\ nXj \jkXYc`j_\[ `e )''- Xe[ Xk gi\j\ek#k_\d\dY\ijXi\1 KXeJi`;XkfË?aFdXi9%@YiX_`d:_X`idXe Di%AfeXk_Xe:_i`jk`XeCXij\e Di%JXea\\mEXeXmXk` ;XkfËJp\[J`[`@[`[9%Jp\[8Y[lccX_@[`[ ;XkfËJ`fnB`dCle K_\ Zfejk`klk`fe f] k_\ Efd`eXk`e^ :fdd`kk\\ Zfdgi`j\j ]fli efe$\o\Zlk`m\[`i\ZkfijXe[fe\\o\Zlk`m\[`i\Zkfi% =i\hl\eZpf]D\\k`e^j 8 kfkXc f] knf Efd`eXk`e^ :fdd`kk\\ d\\k`e^j Xi\ Zfe[lZk\[ XeelXccpXe[]fik_\ÔeXeZ`Xcp\Xif])''0#Xccd\dY\ijXkk\e[\[ Yfk_d\\k`e^j% [`i\Zkfij#k_\9fXi[XjXn_fc\Xe[Xcjfk_\g\i]fidXeZ\f]k_\ :<FXcfe^n`k_fk_\ib\pj\e`fidXeX^\d\ekjkX]]% K_\ Efd`eXk`e^ :fdd`kk\\Ëj dX`e i\jgfej`Y`c`k`\j Xi\ Xj ]fccfnj1 X% I\m`\n Xe[ Xjj\jj k_\ X[\hlXZp f] k_\ 9XebËj :f[\ f] :fe[lZk Xe[ fk_\i `ek\ieXc gfc`Z`\j Xe[ ^l`[\c`e\j Xe[ dfe`kfi k_Xk k_\ gi`eZ`gc\j [\jZi`Y\[ k_\i\`e Xi\ Y\`e^ `eZfigfiXk\[`ekfk_\9XebËjZlckli\Xe[Ylj`e\jjgiXZk`Z\j% Y% <jkXYc`j_d`e`dldi\hl`i\d\ekj]fik_\9fXi[#`%\%i\hl`i\[ d`o f] jb`ccj# \og\i`\eZ\# hlXc`ÔZXk`fe Xe[ fk_\i Zfi\ Zfdg\k\eZ`\j i\hl`i\[ f] X [`i\Zkfi% K_\ :fdd`kk\\ `j Xcjf i\jgfej`Yc\ ]fi \jkXYc`j_`e^ d`e`dld i\hl`i\d\ekj ]fi k_\ :<F% K_\ i\hl`i\d\ekj Xe[ Zi`k\i`X j_flc[ Y\ Xggifm\[ Yp k_\]lcc9fXi[% Z% I\m`\nk_\Xggifgi`Xk\e\jjf]k_\j`q\f]k_\9fXi[i\cXk`m\ kf`kjmXi`flji\jgfej`Y`c`k`\j%I\m`\nk_\fm\iXccZfdgfj`k`fe f] k_\ 9fXi[# kXb`e^ `ekf Zfej`[\iXk`fe ]XZkfij jlZ_ Xj Ylj`e\jj \og\i`\eZ\ Xe[ jg\Z`ÔZ Xi\Xj f] \og\ik`j\ f] \XZ_ 9fXi[ d\dY\i Xe[ dXb\ i\Zfdd\e[Xk`fej kf k_\ 9fXi[ Xj e\Z\jjXip% [% I\m`\n Xe[ Xjj\jj k_Xk k_\ [`i\Zkfij [f efk _Xm\ Xep [`i\Zkfij_`gj n_`Z_ Zflc[ gfk\ek`Xccp i\jlck `e ZfeÕ`Zk f] `ek\i\jkj % \% I\Zfdd\e[ kf k_\ 9fXi[ k_\ eldY\i f] Zfdd`kk\\j i\hl`i\[# `[\ek`]p k_\`i i\jg\Zk`m\ i\jgfej`Y`c`k`\j# gifgfj\ X jl`kXYc\ :_X`i g\ijfe Xj n\cc Xj jl^^\jk fi[`eXip d\dY\ij ]fik_\[`]]\i\ekZfdd`kk\\j%K_`j`eZcl[\jX[m`j`e^k_\9fXi[ fe Zfdd`kk\\ d\dY\i Xggf`ekd\ekj Xe[ i\dfmXc f] jlZ_ d\dY\ij ]ifd k_\ i\c\mXek Zfdd`kk\\j fi ]ifd k_\ 9fXi[# ifkXk`fef]k_\Zfdd`kk\\d\dY\ijXe[:_X`ig\ijfeXjn\cc Xj gifgfjXcj fe `e[`m`[lXc Zfdd`kk\\ jkilZkli\j Xe[ fg\iXk`fej% ]% IXk`]pk_\Xggf`ekd\ekf]k_\:<Fefd`eXk\[Ypk_\i\^`feXc Xe[ZfigfiXk\f]ÔZ\j% ^% 8jj`jkk_\9fXi[`e[\m\cfg`e^Zi`k\i`Xkf`[\ek`]pXe[j\c\Zk hlXc`Ô\[ `e[`m`[lXcj n_f dXp Y\ efd`eXk\[ ]fi \c\Zk`fe kf k_\ 9fXi[# n_`Z_ j_Xcc i\Õ\Zk# Xk X d`e`dld# Xcc Xggc`ZXYc\ cXnj# ilc\j Xe[ ^fm\ie`e^ i\^lcXk`fej% K_`j `eZcl[\j Xjj\jj`e^[`i\Zkfij]fii\$Xggf`ekd\ekY\]fi\XeXggc`ZXk`fe ]fiXggifmXc`jjlYd`kk\[kf9ED%K_\XZklXc[\Z`j`feXjkf n_f j_Xcc Y\ efd`eXk\[ j_flc[ Y\ k_\ i\jgfej`Y`c`kp f] k_\ ]lcc9fXi[% K\idjf]I\]\i\eZ\ K_\ 9fXi[ _Xj Xggifm\[ k_\ k\idj f] i\]\i\eZ\ ]fi k_\ Efd`eXk`e^:fdd`kk\\% _% I\Zfdd\e[ kf k_\ 9fXi[ hlXc`Ô\[ `e[`m`[lXcj kf Y\Zfd\ d\dY\ijf]k_\9fXi[% K_\dX`efYa\Zk`m\f]k_\Efd`eXk`e^:fdd`kk\\`jkfgifm`[\X ]fidXc Xe[ kiXejgXi\ek gifZ\[li\ ]fi k_\ Xggf`ekd\ek f] [`i\Zkfij Xj n\cc Xj Xjj\jj`e^ k_\ \]]\Zk`m\e\jj f] `e[`m`[lXc `% I\m`\n Xe[ i\Zfdd\e[ g\i`f[`ZXccp kf k_\ 9fXi[# k_\ Zfdg\ejXk`fejkilZkli\]fiefe$\o\Zlk`m\[`i\Zkfij% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik ]% <mXclXk\ g\i]fidXeZ\ Xj n\cc Xj gifm`[\ XggiX`jXc Xe[ ]\\[YXZb fe k_\ i\dle\iXk`fe gXZbX^\ f]]\i\[ kf Z_`\] `ek\ieXcXl[`kfij% 17 JkXk\d\ekf]:figfiXk\>fm\ieXeZ\ a% I\Zfdd\e[kfk_\9fXi[k_\i\dfmXcf]X[`i\Zkfi&:<F]ifd k_\ 9fXi[&DXeX^\d\ek# `] k_\ [`i\Zkfi&:<F `j `e\]]\Zk`m\# \iiXekXe[e\^c`^\ek`e[`jZ_Xi^`e^_`ji\jgfej`Y`c`k`\j% K\idjf]I\]\i\eZ\ b% 8jj\jjXeelXccpk_\\]]\Zk`m\e\jjf]k_\9fXi[XjXn_fc\`e d\\k`e^ `kj i\jgfej`Y`c`k`\j Xe[ k_\ Zfeki`Ylk`fe f] \XZ_ [`i\Zkfikfk_\\]]\Zk`m\e\jjf]k_\9fXi[#Zfeki`Ylk`fef]k_\ 9fXi[ËjmXi`fljZfdd`kk\\jXe[k_\g\i]fidXeZ\f]k_\:<F% K_\ dX`e fYa\Zk`m\ f] k_\ I`jb DXeX^\d\ek :fdd`kk\\ `j kf fm\ij\\ k_\ j\e`fi dXeX^\d\ekËj XZk`m`k`\j `e dXeX^`e^ Zi\[`k# dXib\k# c`hl`[`kp# fg\iXk`feXc# c\^Xc Xe[ fk_\i i`jbj n_`c\ \ejli`e^ gifg\i i`jb dXeX^\d\ek gifZ\jj `j gifg\icp `e gcXZ\ Xe[]leZk`fe`e^n\cc% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik c% I\gfik XeelXccp kf k_\ 9fXi[ n`k_ Xe Xjj\jjd\ek f] k_\ 9fXi[Ëj g\i]fidXeZ\ Xe[ jlZ_ Xjj\jjd\ek `j Zfe[lZk\[ YXj\[feXefYa\Zk`m\g\i]fidXeZ\Zi`k\i`X%JlZ_g\i]fidXeZ\ Zi`k\i`XkfY\Xggifm\[Ypk_\]lcc9fXi[% 18 d% C\m\iX^`e^ fe k_\ 9XebËj G\i]fidXeZ\ DXeX^\d\ek Xe[ KXc\ek @em\ekfip [\m\cfgd\ek gifZ\jj `e fm\ij\\`e^ k_\ Xggf`ekd\ek# dXeX^\d\ek jlZZ\jj`fe gcXee`e^ Xe[ g\i]fidXeZ\\mXclXk`fef]b\pj\e`fidXeX^\d\ekjkX]]% K_\ 9fXi[ _Xj Xggifm\[ k_\ k\idj f] i\]\i\eZ\ ]fi k_\ I`jb DXeX^\d\ek:fdd`kk\\% K_\ I`jb DXeX^\d\ek :fdd`kk\\Ëj dX`e i\jgfej`Y`c`k`\j Xi\ Xj ]fccfnj1 X% IXk`]p k_\ X[fgk`fe f] :`k`Ëj i`jb dXeX^\d\ek jkiXk\^`\j# gfc`Z`\j#Xe[i`jbkfc\iXeZ\2Xe[i\Zfdd\e[k_\jXd\]fik_\ 9fXi[ËjXggifmXc% e% 8jj\jj XeelXccp kf \ejli\ k_\ [`i\Zkfij Xe[ b\p j\e`fi dXeX^\d\ek jkX]] Xi\ efk [`jhlXc`Ô\[ le[\i j\Zk`fe ,- f] k_\9Xeb`e^Xe[=`eXeZ`Xc@ejk`klk`fe8Zk(0/098=@8 % Y% ;`jZljj n`k_ DXeX^\d\ek k_\ 9XebËj dXafi Zi\[`k# dXib\k# c`hl`[`kp Xe[ fg\iXk`feXc i`jb \ogfjli\j Xe[ jk\gj k_Xk k_\ DXeX^\d\ek _Xj kXb\e kf dfe`kfi Xe[ Zfekifc jlZ_ \ogfjli\j# `eZcl[`e^ k_\ 9XebËj i`jb Xjj\jjd\ek Xe[ i`jb dXeX^\d\ek gfc`Z`\j% f% GcXe Xe[ \ejli\ Xcc [`i\Zkfij i\Z\`m\ Xggifgi`Xk\ Xe[ Zfek`elfljkiX`e`e^gif^iXd`efi[\ikfb\\gXYi\Xjkn`k_k_\ cXk\jk[\m\cfgd\ekj`ek_\`e[ljkip% Z% 8jj\jj k_\ X[\hlXZp f] i`jb dXeX^\d\ek gfc`Z`\j Xe[ ]iXd\nfib`e`[\ek`]p`e^#d\Xjli`e^#dfe`kfi`e^Xe[Zfekifcc`e^ i`jbjXe[k_\\ok\ekkfn_`Z_k_\j\Xi\fg\iXk`e^\]]\Zk`m\cp% g% :fe[lZkXeXeelXci\m`\nf]k_\:fdd`kk\\Ëjg\i]fidXeZ\Xe[ i\gfik k_\ i\jlckj kf k_\ 9fXi[ g\i`f[`ZXccp# Xjj\jj k_\ X[\hlXZpf]`kjZ_Xik\iXe[i\Zfdd\e[Z_Xe^\jkfk_\9fXi[ Xje\\[\[% [% <ejli\ Xggifgi`Xk\ `e]iXjkilZkli\# i\jfliZ\j Xe[ jpjk\dj Xi\ `e gcXZ\ ]fi XZklXc i`jb dXeX^\d\ek `dgc\d\ekXk`fe# `%\% \ejli\jkX]]i\jgfej`Yc\]fi`dgc\d\ek`e^k_\i`jbdXeX^\d\ek jpjk\d g\i]fid k_\`i [lk`\j `e[\g\e[\ekcp f] k_\ 9XebËj i`jb kXb`e^XZk`m`k`\j% h% I\gfiki\^lcXicpkfk_\9fXi[fek_\:fdd`kk\\ËjXZk`m`k`\j% i% G\i]fid Xep fk_\i [lk`\j Xe[ i\jgfej`Y`c`k`\j \ogi\jjcp [\c\^Xk\[kfk_\:fdd`kk\\Ypk_\9fXi[]ifdk`d\kfk`d\% I`jbDXeX^\d\ek:fdd`kk\\ :fdgfj`k`fe K_\ I`jb DXeX^\d\ek :fdd`kk\\ nXj \jkXYc`j_\[ `e )''- Xe[ k_\Zlii\ekd\dY\ijXi\1 ;XkfËJ`fnB`dCle:_X`idXe KXeJi`;XkfË?aFdXi9%@YiX_`d ;XkfËJp\[J`[`@[`[9%Jp\[8Y[lccX_@[`[ 8cck_\I`jbDXeX^\d\ek:fdd`kk\\d\dY\ijXi\efe$\o\Zlk`m\ [`i\Zkfijf]k_\9Xeb% =i\hl\eZpf]D\\k`e^j 8 kfkXc f] ]fli I`jb DXeX^\d\ek :fdd`kk\\ d\\k`e^j Xi\ Zfe[lZk\[ XeelXccp Xe[ ]fi k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc p\Xi f] )''0# Xcc d\dY\ijXkk\e[\[k_\d\\k`e^j% \% G\i`f[`ZXccpi\m`\ndXeX^\d\eki\gfikjfei`jb\ogfjli\#i`jb gfik]fc`f#Zfdgfj`k`feXe[fk_\ii`jbdXeX^\d\ekXZk`m`k`\j% ]% I\m`\n g\i`f[`ZXccp n`k_ dXeX^\d\ek# `eZcl[`e^ `e[\g\e[\ek I`jb F]ÔZ\i# ?\X[ f] :fdgc`XeZ\ Xe[ C\^Xc :flej\c# Xep Zfii\jgfe[\eZ\j n`k_fiXZk`feYp#i\^lcXkfijfi^fm\ied\ekXc X^\eZ`\j#XepdXk\i`Xcc\^XcX]]X`ijf]k_\9XebXe[k_\9XebËj Zfdgc`XeZ\n`k_Xggc`ZXYc\cXnjXe[i\^lcXk`fej% ^% I\gfiki\^lcXicpkfk_\9fXi[fek_\:fdd`kk\\ËjXZk`m`k`\j% _% I\m`\n XeelXccp Xe[ i\gfik kf k_\ 9fXi[ fe `kj fne g\i]fidXeZ\% `% I\m`\n Xe[ Xjj\jj k_\ X[\hlXZp f] `kj Z_Xik\i XeelXccp Xe[ i\Zfdd\e[Xepgifgfj\[Z_Xe^\jkfk_\9fXi[]fiXggifmXc% I`jbDXeX^\d\ek JkiXk\^`\jGfc`Z`\j K_\i`jbdXeX^\d\ek]iXd\nfib`jÔidcpYXj\[fek_\]fccfn`e^ j`o gi`eZ`gc\j# Xggc`ZXYc\ XZifjj k_\ YfXi[ ]fi Xcc Ylj`e\jj\j Xe[ i`jbkpg\j1 I`jb dXeX^\d\ek gfc`Z`\j Xi\ `ek\^iXk\[ n`k_ Ylj`e\jj gcXej Xe[jkiXk\^`\j2 8cc i`jbj Xe[ i\kliej i\jlck`e^ ]ifd k_`j Xi\ fne\[ Xe[ dXeX^\[YpXeXZZflekXYc\Ylj`e\jjle`k2 8cci`jbjXi\dXeX^\[n`k_`eXc`d`k\[]iXd\nfibn_`c\k_\i`jb c`d`kj Xi\ \e[fij\[ Yp k_\ Ylj`e\jj dXeX^\d\ek Xe[ Xggifm\[YpXe`e[\g\e[\eki`jbdXeX^\d\ekfi^Xe`qXk`fe2 8cc i`jb dXeX^\d\ek gfc`Z`\j Xi\ Zc\Xicp Xe[ ]fidXccp [fZld\ek\[2 8cc i`jbj Xi\ d\Xjli\[ lj`e^ n\cc [\Ôe\[ d\k_f[fcf^`\j# `eZcl[`e^jki\jjk\jk`e^2Xe[ 8cci`jbjXi\Zfdgi\_\ej`m\cpi\gfik\[XZifjjk_\fi^Xe`qXk`fe% I`jbj Xi\ i\^lcXicp i\m`\n\[ Yp `e[\g\e[\ek i`jb dXeX^\ij# j\e`fi Ylj`e\jj dXeX^\ij Xe[ n_\e\m\i Xggifgi`Xk\# Yp k_\ 9fXi[f];`i\Zkfijk_\dj\cm\j% K_\ `e[\g\e[\ek i`jb dXeX^\ij Xi\ i\jgfej`Yc\ ]fi \jkXYc`j_`e^ Xe[`dgc\d\ek`e^i`jbdXeX^\d\ekgfc`Z`\jXe[giXZk`Z\jn`k_`e k_\`i Ylj`e\jj le`kj n_`c\ \ejli`e^ Zfej`jk\eZp n`k_ :`k`Ëj ZfigfiXk\jkXe[Xi[j% K_\`e[\g\e[\eki`jbdXeX^\ijXi\lck`dXk\cpXZZflekXYc\kfk_\ 9fXi[ Xe[ fe X [Xp$kf$[Xp YXj`j2 k_\p Xi\ Xcjf `e[`m`[lXccp i\jgfej`Yc\ ]fi d\\k`e^ Xe[ i\jgfe[`e^ kf k_\ e\\[j f] k_\`i i\jg\Zk`m\ Ylj`e\jj le`kj# XgXik ]ifd fm\ij\\`e^ k_\`i \o`jk`e^ gfik]fc`fi`jbj% K_\ ]fccfn`e^ j\Zk`fej jlddXi`q\ k_\ gifZ\jj\j ]fi dXeX^`e^ Zi\[`k#dXib\kc`hl`[`kpXe[fg\iXk`feXci`jbjn`k_`e:`k`YXeb9\i_X[% :i\[`kI`jb :i\[`k i`jb `j k_\ gfk\ek`Xc ]fi ÔeXeZ`Xc cfjj i\jlck`e^ ]ifd k_\ ]X`cli\ f] X Yfiifn\i fi Zflek\i gXikp kf _fefi `kj ÔeXeZ`Xc fi ZfekiXZklXcfYc`^Xk`fej% :i\[`ki`jbXi`j\j`ec\e[`e^#kiX[`e^Xe[[\i`mXk`m\jkiXejXZk`fej# j\Zli`k`\jkiXejXZk`fej#j\kkc\d\ekXe[n_\ek_\9XebXZkjXjXe `ek\id\[`XipfeY\_Xc]f]`kjZc`\ekjXe[fk_\ik_`i[gXik`\j% K_\j\ jkXe[Xi[j n`cc Zfm\i Zi\[`k fi`^`eXk`fe# d\Xjli\d\ek Xe[ [fZld\ekXk`feXjn\ccXjgifYc\di\Zf^e`k`fe#ZcXjj`ÔZXk`feXe[ i\d\[`Xc XZk`fej% @e X[[`k`fe# X jg\Z`ÔZ ni`k\$f]] Zi`k\i`fe `j j\k XZZfi[`e^ kf ZfigfiXk\ i\hl`i\d\ekj fi 9ED&>G* i\hl`i\d\ekj# n_`Z_\m\i`jdfi\jki`e^\ek% @e[\g\e[\ek Zi\[`k i`jb dXeX^\d\ek `j Xcjf i\jgfej`Yc\ ]fi `dgc\d\ek`e^gfik]fc`fc`d`kj#`eZcl[`e^fYc`^fic`d`kjk_ifl^_i`jb iXk`e^# dXkli`kp Xe[ Ylj`e\jj j\^d\ekj kf \ejli\ [`m\ij`ÔZXk`fe f]gfik]fc`f% :fek`elflj dfe`kfi`e^ f] Zi\[`k Y\_Xm`fi X`[\[ Yp jfg_`jk`ZXk\[ jZfi`e^ df[lc\j# gclj gfik]fc`f [\c`ehl\eZp g\i]fidXeZ\ Xccfnj `e[\g\e[\ek Zi\[`k i`jb dXeX^\d\ek kf ZfejkXekcp Xjj\jj k_\ _\Xck_f]k_\Zi\[`kgfik]fc`f% DXib\kI`jb DXib\ki`jb\eZfdgXjj\jgi`Z\i`jbXe[c`hl`[`kpi`jb#Yfk_Xi`j`e^ `ek_\efidXcZflij\f]Ylj`e\jjfg\iXk`fej`eX^cfYXcÔeXeZ`Xc `ek\id\[`Xip%8k:`k`YXeb9\i_X[#dXib\ki`jb`jdXeX^\[k_ifl^_ ZfigfiXk\$n`[\ jkXe[Xi[j# Ylj`e\jj gfc`Z`\j Xe[ gifZ\[li\j n`k_ k_\ _\cg f] i\jgfej`Yc\ g\ijfee\c Xe[ Zfdd`kk\\j [\c\^Xk\[ Yp k_\ 9fXi[ f] ;`i\Zkfij ]fi \oXdgc\# k_\ 8jj\k Xe[ C`XY`c`kp :fdd`kk\\Xe[DXib\kI`jbDXeX^\d\ek % K_\ Ylj`e\jj `j i\hl`i\[ kf \jkXYc`j_ i`jb d\Xjli\j# c`d`kj Xe[ Zfekifcj# Zc\Xicp [\Ôe`e^ Xggifm\[ i`jb gifÔc\j n`k_`e k_\ gXiXd\k\ijf]k_\9XebËjfm\iXcci`jbXgg\k`k\% K_\ i\jlck f] \m\ip i`jb Xjj\jjd\ek Xe[ i\m`\n \o\iZ`j\ `j k_\e gi\j\ek\[ kf k_\ 9fXi[ f] ;`i\Zkfij ]fi ]\\[YXZb Xe[ i\Zfdd\e[\[XZk`fe`]e\Z\jjXip % Gi`Z\I`jb Gi`Z\i`jb`jk_\i`jbXjjfZ`Xk\[kf\Xie`e^jXi`j`e^]ifdZ_Xe^\j `e `ek\i\jk iXk\j# ]fi\`^e \oZ_Xe^\ iXk\j# \hl`kp Xe[ Zfddf[`kp gi`Z\j n_\i\m\i i\c\mXek Xe[ `e k_\`i `dgc`\[ mfcXk`c`k`\j% Gi`Z\ i`jbXi`j\j`eYfk_efe$kiX[`e^gfik]fc`fjXe[kiX[`e^gfik]fc`fj% @ek\i\jk iXk\ i`jb `e efe$kiX[`e^ gfik]fc`fj `j `e_\i\ek `e dXep Zc`\ek$i\cXk\[XZk`m`k`\j#gi`dXi`cpc\e[`e^Xe[[\gfj`kkXb`e^]ifd Yfk_`e[`m`[lXcjXe[ZfigfiXk`fej% K_\ i`jb Xi`j\j [l\ kf ]XZkfij `eZcl[`e^ k_\ k`d`e^ f] iXk\ i\j\kk`e^ Xe[ dXkli`kp g\i`f[ Y\kn\\e Xjj\kj Xe[ c`XY`c`k`\j# Z_Xe^\`ek_\gifÔc\f]Xjj\kjXe[c`XY`c`k`\jn_\i\Ypk_\dXkli`kp g\i`f[[`]]\ij`ei\jgfej\kfXck\iXk`fej`edXib\k`ek\i\jkiXk\j# Z_Xe^\j `e k_\ ]fid f] k_\ p`\c[ Zlim\ Xe[ df[`ÔZXk`fej `e k_\ jgi\X[Y\kn\\emXi`fljdXib\kiXk\`e[`Z\j% N_`c\Ylj`e\jjdXeX^\ijXe[`e[\g\e[\eki`jbdXeX^\d\ekXi\ af`ekcpi\jgfej`Yc\]fidXeX^`e^k_\i`jb&i\kliekiX[\f]]jXjn\cc Xj \jkXYc`j_`e^ c`d`kj Xe[ i`jb dXeX^\d\ek giXZk`Z\j# k_\ fi`^`eXk`feXe[XggifmXcifc\jXi\Zc\Xicp[\Ôe\[Xe[j\^i\^Xk\[% @ek\i\jk IXk\ <ogfjli\ @I< `j lj\[ Xj X kffc kf dfe`kfi jlZ_ `ek\i\jkiXk\i`jbXe[`jZXcZlcXk\[Xjk_\gi\$kXo\Xie`e^`dgXZk f]Xe`ejkXekXe\fljgXiXcc\c`eZi\Xj\fi[\Zi\Xj\`ek_\p`\c[Zlim\% @e X[[`k`fe kf Zfe]fid`e^ kf \jkXYc`j_\[ ZfigfiXk\ jkXe[Xi[j# `e[\g\e[\ek Zi\[`k i`jb dXeX^\d\ek `j i\jgfej`Yc\ ]fi \jkXYc`j_`e^cfZXcgfc`Z`\jk_XkZfdgcpn`k_cfZXci\^lcXk`fejXe[ Xepfk_\ii\c\mXekc\^Xci\hl`i\d\ekj% @I< `j jlggc\d\ek\[ n`k_ X[[`k`feXc d\Xjli\d\ekj `eZcl[`e^ jki\jj k\jk`e^ k_\ `dgXZk fe \Xie`e^j Xe[ \hl`kp ]fi efe$c`e\Xi `ek\i\jkiXk\dfm\d\ekjXe[XeXcpj`jf]gfik]fc`f[liXk`fe#YXj`j i`jb#jgi\X[i`jb#mfcXk`c`kpi`jbXe[Zfjk$kf$Zcfj\% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik K_\9XebËji`jbdXeX^\d\ek]iXd\nfibi\Zf^e`q\jk_\[`m\ij`kp f] k_\ fi^Xe`qXk`feËj XZk`m`k`\j Yp YXcXeZ`e^ k_\ 9fXi[Ëj jkife^ jlg\im`j`fe n`k_ n\cc$[\Ôe\[ `e[\g\e[\ek i`jb dXeX^\d\ek ]leZk`fejn`k_`e\XZ_Ylj`e\jjXi\X% 19 I`jbDXeX^\d\ek Gi`Z\i`jb`ekiX[`e^gfik]fc`fj`jd\Xjli\[k_ifl^_XZfdgc\d\ekXip j\k f] kffcj jlZ_ Xj ]XZkfi j\ej`k`m`k`\j# mXcl\$Xk$i`jb Xe[ jki\jjk\jk`e^% @k`jk_\i\jgfej`Y`c`kpf]k_\`e[\g\e[\ekdXib\ki`jbdXeX^\d\ek kf\ejli\k_Xk]XZkfij\ej`k`m`k`\jXi\ZXcZlcXk\[#dfe`kfi\[Xe[`e dfjk ZXj\j c`d`k\[# ]fi Xcc i\c\mXek i`jbj kXb\e `e X kiX[`e^ gfik]fc`f% @e X[[`k`fe# jki\jj k\jk`e^ `j g\i]fid\[ fe kiX[`e^ gfik]fc`fj fe X i\^lcXi YXj`j kf \jk`dXk\ k_\ `dgXZk f] \oki\d\ dXib\kdfm\d\ekj% C`hl`[`kpI`jb :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik C`hl`[`kpi`jbZXeY\jkY\[\Ôe\[Xji`jbjk_Xkk_\9XebdXpefk Y\XYc\kfd\\k`ek\idjf]XÔeXeZ`XcZfdd`kd\ekkfZljkfd\ij# Zi\[`kfijfi`em\jkfij#n_\e[l\% 20 Fg\iXk`feXcI`jb Fg\iXk`feXc i`jb `j k_\ i`jb f] cfjj i\jlck`e^ ]ifd `eX[\hlXk\ fi ]X`c\[ `ek\ieXc gifZ\jj\j# g\fgc\# Xe[ jpjk\dj Xj n\cc Xj ]ifd \ok\ieXc\m\ekj% @k `eZcl[\j i\glkXk`fe Xe[ ]iXeZ_`j\ i`jbj XjjfZ`Xk\[ n`k_ k_\ 9XebËjYlj`e\jjgiXZk`Z\jfidXib\kZfe[lZk%@kXcjf`eZcl[\jk_\ i`jbf]]X`c`e^kfZfdgcpn`k_Xggc`ZXYc\cXnj#i\^lcXk`fej#Xe[:`k` gfc`Z`\j% K_\ :`k` J\c] 8jj\jjd\ek Xe[ Fg\iXk`feXc I`jb =iXd\nfib `eZcl[\jk_\:`k`I`jb:fekifcJ\c]$8jj\jjd\ek&Fg\iXk`feXcI`jb Gfc`Zp Xe[ JkXe[Xi[j ÈK_\ Gfc`ZpÉ # n_`Z_ Zc\Xicp [\Ôe\j k_\ 9XebËjXggifXZ_kffg\iXk`feXci`jbdXeX^\d\ek% Le[\ik_\9XebËj`ek\ieXcC`hl`[`kpI`jbDXeX^\d\ekgfc`Zp#k_\i\Xi\ j\kjkXe[Xi[j]fik_\d\Xjli\d\ekf]c`hl`[`kpi`jb`efi[\ikf\ejli\ Zfej`jk\eZp#jkXY`c`kp`ed\k_f[fcf^`\jXe[kiXejgXi\eZpf]i`jb% K_\Fg\iXk`feXcI`jbgfc`ZpZf[`Ô\jk_\Zfi\^fm\ie`e^gi`eZ`gc\j ]fifg\iXk`feXci`jbdXeX^\d\ekXe[gifm`[\jXZfej`jk\ek#mXcl\ X[[\[ ]iXd\nfib ]fi Xjj\jj`e^# Zfddle`ZXk`e^ fg\iXk`feXc i`jb Xe[k_\fm\iXcc\]]\Zk`m\e\jjf]k_\`ek\ieXcZfekifc\em`ifed\ek XZifjj:`k`% K_`j `j `e X[[`k`fe kf k_\ i\hl`i\d\ekj f] 9EDËj E\n C`hl`[`kp =iXd\nfib#n_`Z_i\hl`i\jk_XkXZ\ikX`ejligcljc`hl`[`kpgfj`k`fe Y\dX`ekX`e\[kfd\\kgi\$[\Ôe\[n`k_[iXnXcXdflekj% K_\gfc`ZpZfm\ijk_\]fccfn`e^1 DXeX^\d\ek f] c`hl`[`kp `j g\i]fid\[ fe X [X`cp YXj`j Xe[ `j dfe`kfi\[ Yp k_\ Ki\Xjli\i% 8cfe^ n`k_ k_\ Ki\Xjli\i# k_\ 8jj\k Xe[C`XY`c`kp:fdd`kk\\8C:F le[\ikXb\k_\af`eki\jgfej`Y`c`kp f] fm\iXcc c`hl`[`kp i`jb dXeX^\d\ek n_`Z_ Zfm\ij \jkXYc`j_`e^ Xe[\e[fij`e^k_\XeelXc]le[`e^Xe[c`hl`[`kpgcXe#c`hl`[`kp c`d`kj#c`hl`[`kpiXk`fj#dXib\kki`^^\ijXe[Xjjldgk`fej]fi g\i`f[`Zjki\jjk\jkj% K_\9XebËjc`hl`[`kpdXeX^\d\ekgifZ\jj`eZcl[\j1 K_\ Gfc`Zp ]fZlj\j fe @dgfikXek I`jbj Xe[ B\p :fekifcj Xe[ efkXcci`jbjXe[Zfekifcj2 @[\ek`ÔZXk`fe f] ÈKfg$;fneÉ @dgfikXek I`jbj Yp j\e`fi dXeX^\d\ek2 K_\j\e`fidXeX^\d\ek`ji\jgfej`Yc\]fik_\fm\ij`^_kf]k_\ fg\iXk`feXc i`jb dXeX^\d\ek ]iXd\nfib# `eZcl[`e^ ]fjk\i`e^ Xefi^Xe`qXk`feXcZlckli\k_XkgcXZ\j_`^_gi`fi`kpfe\]]\Zk`m\ fg\iXk`feXci`jbdXeX^\d\ekXe[X[_\i\eZ\kfjfle[`ek\ieXc Zfekifcj#`eZcl[`e^XccXggc`ZXYc\gfc`Z`\j2 <jkXYc`j_`e^ c`hl`[`kp c`d`k YXj\[ fe k_\ j`q\ f] k_\ YXcXeZ\ j_\\k# [\gk_ f] k_\ dXib\k# \og\i`\eZ\ c\m\c f] dXeX^\d\ek# jkXY`c`kpf]k_\c`XY`c`k`\jXe[c`hl`[`kpf]k_\Xjj\kjle[\iYfk_ Ylj`e\jjXjljlXcjZ\eXi`fXe[jki\jjjZ\eXi`fj2 K_\ `[\ek`ÔZXk`fe f] b\p fg\iXk`feXc i`jbj Zfekifcj kf Y\ [fe\ fe X ZfccXYfiXk`m\ \]]fik# n`k_ k_\ `eglk ]ifd Ylj`e\jj Xe[]leZk`feXcXi\Xj2 ;X`cp dXkli`kp gifÔc`e^ f] k_\ 9XebËj Xjj\kj Xe[ c`XY`c`k`\j `eZcl[`e^Y\_Xm`fiXcXeXcpj`jf]dXafik_`i[gXikpjfliZ\jXe[ lj\jf]]le[jm\ijljc`hl`[`kpc`d`kj2 B\p fg\iXk`feXc i`jbj `[\ek`Ô\[ n`cc Y\ Xjj\jj\[ fe X i\^lcXi YXj`j k_ifl^_ b\p i`jb `e[`ZXkfij kf dfe`kfi gfk\ek`Xc j`^e`ÔZXeki`jb`e_\i\ek`ek_\Ylj`e\jj2Xe[ G\i]fid j`dlcXk\[ c`hl`[`kp jki\jj k\jk`e^ g\i`f[`ZXccp i\cXk`m\ kf j`^e`ÔZXek Z_Xe^\j `e b\p ]le[`e^ jfliZ\j# Zi\[`k iXk`e^j# Zfek`e^\eklj\jf]]le[`e^Xe[dXib\k[`jilgk`fej2 Fg\iXk`feXc cfjj\j Xi\ Zfcc\Zk\[ Xe[ i\gfik\[ kf j\e`fi dXeX^\d\ek% Gi\gXi`e^ XeelXc ]le[`e^ Xe[ c`hl`[`kp gcXe n_`Z_ `eZcl[\j XeXcpj`j f] k_\ XeelXc YXcXeZ\ j_\\k Xj n\cc Xj k_\ \Zfefd`Z Xe[Ylj`e\jjZfe[`k`fej`dgXZk`e^k_\c`hl`[`kpf]k_\9Xeb2 Lj\ c`hl`[`kp iXk`fj kf dfe`kfi k_\ jkilZkliXc \c\d\ekj f] k_\ 9XebËjc`hl`[`kpgfj`k`fe2 I\m`\ngfk\ek`XcZfeZ\ekiXk`fejf]]le[`e^2Xe[ Dfe`kfi dXib\k ki`^^\ij n_`Z_ Xi\ `ek\ieXc Xe[&fi \ok\ieXc dXib\k fi \Zfefd`Z ]XZkfij k_Xk dXp ZXlj\ X Z_Xe^\ kf dXib\kc`hl`[`kp% JkXk\d\ekf]@ek\ieXc8l[`kXe[@ek\ieXc:fekifc K_\ 9XebËj `ek\ieXc Zfekifc jpjk\d `j [\j`^e\[ kf gifm`[\ i\XjfeXYc\ XjjliXeZ\ kf k_\ ZfdgXepËj dXeX^\d\ek Xe[ 9fXi[ f] ;`i\Zkfij i\^Xi[`e^ k_\ gi\gXiXk`fe Xe[ ]X`i gi\j\ekXk`fe f] glYc`j_\[ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj`eXZZfi[XeZ\n`k_k_\gifm`j`fej le[\i k_\ :fdgXe`\j 8Zk (0-, Xe[ fk_\i Xggc`ZXYc\ Xggifm\[ jkXe[Xi[j`eDXcXpj`X% 8cc `ek\ieXc Zfekifc jpjk\dj ef dXkk\i _fn n\cc [\j`^e\[ Xe[ `dgc\d\ek\[_Xm\`e_\i\ekc`d`kXk`fej% @e m`\n f] k_\ c`d`kXk`fej# k_\i\]fi\# \m\e k_\ Y\jk f] jpjk\dj [\k\id`e\[ kf Y\ \]]\Zk`m\ ZXe fecp gifm`[\ X i\XjfeXYc\ XjjliXeZ\ `e i\cXk`fe kf k_\ gi\gXiXk`fe Xe[ gi\j\ekXk`fe f] ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj% 8Zfdgi\_\ej`m\jpjk\df]Zfekifcj`jdX`ekX`e\[kf\ejli\k_Xk Xcc kiXejXZk`fej Xi\ \o\Zlk\[ `e XZZfi[XeZ\ n`k_ k_\ dXeX^\d\ekËjXlk_fi`qXk`fe#Xjj\kjXi\jX]\^lXi[\[Xe[k_Xkk_\ ÔeXeZ`Xci\Zfi[jXi\i\c`XYc\% K_\ dXeX^\d\ek Xcjf kXb\j i\c\mXek jk\gj kf j\\ k_Xk `e]fidXk`fe Xe[ Zfddle`ZXk`fe Õfnj Xi\ \]]\Zk`m\ Xe[ dfe`kfi k_\g\i]fidXeZ\f]`ek\ieXcZfekifcgifZ\[li\j% :`k`YXeb 9\i_X[Ëj i`jb dXeX^\d\ek gfc`Z`\j# gifZ\[li\j Xe[ giXZk`Z\j j\k flk k_\ ]fle[Xk`fe kf k_\ i`jb XiZ_`k\Zkli\ ^fm\ie`e^`kjYlj`e\jjXZk`m`k`\j% K_\ dXeX^\d\ek Zfe[lZkj Ylj`e\jj dfe`kfi`e^ `e`k`Xk`m\j Xe[ g\i`f[`Zj\c]$Xjj\jjd\ek`eXZZfi[XeZ\n`k_k_\I`jbXe[:fekifc J\c]$8jj\jjd\ekgfc`Zp]fiXccXggc`ZXYc\Ylj`e\jj\j% :fekifcjpjk\dn\Xbe\jj\ji\jlck`e^`eZfii\Zk`m\XZk`fejn`ccY\ [fZld\ek\[ Xe[ \jZXcXk\[ kf k_\ dXeX^\d\ek ]fi kiXZb`e^ gligfj\j% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[Ëj@ek\ieXc8l[`ki\gfikjkfk_\8l[`k:fdd`kk\\% @k g\i]fidj i\^lcXi i\m`\nj f] k_\ Ylj`e\jj gifZ\jj\j kf Xjj\jj k_\ \]]\Zk`m\e\jj f] k_\ Zfekifc \em`ifed\ek Xe[ _`^_c`^_kj j`^e`ÔZXeki`jbjX]]\Zk`e^k_\ZfdgXep% K_\jZfg\f]k_\Xl[`kXZk`m`k`\jXi\i\m`\n\[Xe[\e[fij\[Yp k_\8l[`k:fdd`kk\\n_`c\Xl[`kjXi\ZXii`\[flkYXj\[feX i`jb$YXj\[ XggifXZ_# kf gifm`[\ Xe `e[\g\e[\ek Xe[ fYa\Zk`m\ i\gfikfefg\iXk`feXcXe[dXeX^\d\ekXZk`m`k`\j% K_\ 8l[`k :fdd`kk\\ i\^lcXicp i\m`\nj Xe[ [\c`Y\iXk\j n`k_ dXeX^\d\ek fe k_\ XZk`fej kXb\e fe `ek\ieXc Zfekifc `jjl\j `[\ek`Ô\[ `e i\gfikj gi\gXi\[ Yp @ek\ieXc 8l[`k# k_\ \ok\ieXc Xl[`kfij#i\^lcXkfipXlk_fi`k`\jXe[k_\dXeX^\d\ekk_\dj\cm\j% K_\dXeX^\d\ekf]:`k`YXeb9\i_X[_XjXcjfj\klgX:flekip :ffi[`eXk`e^:fdd`kk\\#9lj`e\jjI`jb:fdgc`XeZ\Xe[:fekifc :fdd`kk\\# C\^Xc M\_`Zc\ :fdd`kk\\# 8jj\k Xe[ C`XY`c`kp :fdd`kk\\#C\^XcXe[:fdgc`XeZ\:fdd`kk\\Xe[DXeX^\d\ek :fdd`kk\\XjgXikf]`kjdfe`kfi`e^]leZk`fekf\ejli\\]]\Zk`m\ dXeX^\d\ekXe[jlg\im`j`fef]k_\Xi\Xjle[\ik_\i\jg\Zk`m\ :fdd`kk\\Ëjglim`\n% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[_XjXcjfX[fgk\[k_\:`k`:f[\f]:fe[lZkn_`Z_ \ogi\jj\j k_\ mXcl\j k_Xk \XZ_ \dgcfp\\ `j \og\Zk\[ kf Xggi\Z`Xk\Xe[Xggcp`ek_\`ii\jg\Zk`m\nfib`e^c`]\% <k_`Zj _fkc`e\j Xi\ dX[\ XmX`cXYc\ kf \dgcfp\\j n_f n`j_ kf mf`Z\ ZfeZ\iej XYflk jljg\Zk\[ m`fcXk`fej f] cXn fi `e[ljkip i\^lcXk`feXjn\ccXjXZk`fejk_XkdXp]X`ckfc`m\lgkfk_\9XebËj _`^_jkXe[Xi[jf]\k_`ZXcZfe[lZk% K_\ 9Xeb _Xj Xe `ek\ieXc gfc`Zp gif_`Y`k`e^ i\kXc`Xkfip XZk`fej X^X`ejkXep`e[`m`[lXc]fiiX`j`e^c\^`k`dXk\ZfeZ\iejfihl\jk`fej i\^Xi[`e^\k_`ZXcdXkk\ij#fi]fii\gfik`e^jljg\Zk\[m`fcXk`fej% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik :`k`YXeb9\i_X[Ëj9fXi[f];`i\ZkfijXi\i\jgfej`Yc\kf\jkXYc`j_ Xe[ dX`ekX`e X[\hlXk\ `ek\ieXc Zfekifc fm\i ÔeXeZ`Xc i\gfik`e^ jkXe[Xi[jXe[i\cXk\[`jjl\j% 21 DXeX^\d\ekI\gfikj K_\ gi\$j\k X^\e[X# dXeX^\d\ek i\gfikj Xe[ fk_\i X[$_fZ gifgfjXcj fi Xggc`ZXk`fej Xi\ Z`iZlcXk\[ kf k_\ ;`i\Zkfij gi`fi kf k_\XZklXc9fXi[d\\k`e^j% K_`j \eXYc\j k_\ 9fXi[ f] ;`i\Zkfij kf Xjj\jj k_\ fm\iXcc g\i]fidXeZ\f]k_\9XebXe[dXb\jfle[dXeX^\d\ek[\Z`j`fej% DXeX^\d\ek i\gfikj gi\j\ek\[ kf k_\ 9fXi[ Zfdgi`j\ k_\ ]fccfn`e^1 <Zfefd`ZLg[Xk\j 9lj`e\jjGcXej P\Xikf[Xk\=`eXeZ`XcG\i]fidXeZ\I\gfik :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik =`eXeZ`Xcg\i]fidXeZ\YpdXafiYlj`e\jjj\^d\ekj 22 HlXik\icp9EDËjY\eZ_dXib`e^i\jlckj HlXik\icpG\i]fidXeZ\JZfi\ZXi[ :fdgXiXk`m\XeXcpj`jf]YXebj J\d`$XeelXc9EDJki\jjK\jkjI\jlckj :i\[`kI`jbDXeX^\d\ekI\gfik C`hl`[`kpDXib\kI`jbDXeX^\d\ekI\gfik HlXik\icp;\i`mXk`m\FlkjkXe[`e^I\gfik 9Xj\c@@Lg[Xk\j D`elk\jf]8l[`k:fdd`kk\\d\\k`e^j D`elk\jf]I`jbDXeX^\d\ek:fdd`kk\\d\\k`e^j D`elk\jf]Efd`eXk`e^:fdd`kk\\d\\k`e^j D`elk\jf]J_Xi`X_:fdd`kk\\d\\k`e^j :`k`YXeb9\i_X[ËjJ_Xi`X_:fdd`kk\\nXj\jkXYc`j_\[`e)'',kf \ejli\k_\9XebËj@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^;`m`j`fefg\iXk\j`eZfe]fid`kp n`k_Xggifm\[J_Xi`X_gi`eZ`gc\j% =\ccfn ]fi G\i[XeX C\X[\ij_`g =fle[Xk`fe Xe[ Xcjf X I\j\XiZ_ =\ccfn Xk @ek\ieXk`feXc J_Xi`X_ I\j\XiZ_ 8ZX[\dp ]fi @jcXd`Z =`eXeZ\@JI8 % K_\J_Xi`X_:fdd`kk\\XcjfkXb\j`ekfZfej`[\iXk`fek_\m`\njf] i\c\mXekXlk_fi`k`\jjlZ_Xj9EDXe[k_\J\Zli`k`\j:fdd`jj`fe J: #fe`jjl\ji\cXk`e^kfk_\`e[ljkip% 8c\Zkli\ij`eZ\(0/.#_\_XjmXjk\og\i`\eZ\`ek\XZ_`e^j\m\iXc \Zfefd`Zj Zflij\j jlZ_ Xj dfe\p Xe[ YXeb`e^# ÔeXeZ`Xc \Zfefd`Zj# X[mXeZ\[ dXZif\Zfefd`Zj# dfe\p Xe[ ZXg`kXc dXib\k `e @jcXd# @jcXd`Z \Zfefd`Z jpjk\d# @jcXd`Z \Zfefd`Z XeXcpj`j#Xe[`ek\ieXk`feXcÔeXeZ\% K_\]fccfn`e^flkc`e\jk_\dX`e[lk`\jXe[i\jgfej`Y`c`k`\jf]k_\ J_Xi`X_:fdd`kk\\1 8[m`j\ k_\ 9fXi[ f] ;`i\Zkfij fe J_Xi`X_ i\cXk\[ dXkk\ij `e c`e\n`k_k_\9XebËjYlj`e\jjfg\iXk`fej2 I\m`\n gif[lZk gifZ\jj\j Xe[ [fZld\ekXk`fej kf \ejli\ Zfe]fid`kpn`k_J_Xi`X_i\hl`i\d\ekj2 8jj`jk Xe[ X[m`j\ i\cXk\[ gXik`\j fe J_Xi`X_ dXkk\ij fe i\hl\jk2 8[m`j\ fe dXkk\ij n_`Z_ e\\[ kf Y\ i\]\ii\[ kf k_\ EXk`feXc J_Xi`X_8[m`jfip:fleZ`c2Xe[ Gifm`[\ ni`kk\e J_Xi`X_ fg`e`fe n_\e k_\ 9Xeb jlYd`kj Xggc`ZXk`fej]fie\ngif[lZkXggifmXc% =fik_\p\Xi)''0#k_\J_Xi`X_:fdd`kk\\d\ke`e\k`d\jn_`c\ `e[`m`[lXcd\dY\ijf]k_\J_Xi`X_:fdd`kk\\XcjfgXik`Z`gXk\[`e j\gXiXk\ Ylj`e\jj [`jZljj`fej kf gifm`[\ X[m`Z\ fe J_Xi`X_ dXkk\ijXjXe[n_\ei\hl`i\[% 8dfe^ k_\ kiXejXZk`fej i\m`\n\[ Yp k_\ J_Xi`X_ :fdd`kk\\ [li`e^k_\p\Xin\i\Xj]fccfnj1 G\kifeXj>cfYXcJlblbCk[jkilZkli\Æ:`k`nXjfe\f]k_\c\X[ XiiXe^\ij ]fi k_\ LJ; (%, Y`cc`fe jlblb# n_`Z_ nXj jfc[ kf X n`[\`em\jkfiYXj\`e8j`X#k_\D`[[c\<XjkXe[<lifg\% >\e\iXc <c\Zki`Z >< jlblb Æ :`k` nXj fe\ f] k_\ knf Yffbilee\ij]fi><ËjÔijk]fi\`^ejlblb%K_\LJ;,''d`cc`fe `jjl\nXjdX`ecpjfc[kfD`[[c\<Xjk\ie`em\jkfij% N`k_ i\^Xi[j kf J_Xi`X_ Zfdgc`XeZ\ i\m`\n# :`k`YXeb 9\i_X[Ëj @jcXd`Z 9Xeb`e^ ;`m`j`fe nXj jlYa\Zk\[ kf X ]lcc J_Xi`X_ Xl[`k Zfe[lZk\[ af`ekcp Yp :`k`YXeb 9\i_X[Ëj :flekip :fdgc`XeZ\ Xe[ :fekifc le`k kf^\k_\i n`k_ k_\ :`k`Ëj >cfYXc @jcXd`Z :fekifc le`k% K_\ J_Xi`X_ :fdd`kk\\ i\m`\n\[ k_\ Ôe[`e^j f] k_\ J_Xi`X_ Xl[`kXe[nXjjXk`jÔ\[n`k_k_\i\gfikXe[`kjÔe[`e^j%EfdXafi Zfdgc`XeZ\`jjl\jn\i\`[\ek`Ô\[% J_Xi`X_Zfdd`kk\\d\dY\ijXcjfgXik`Z`gXk\[`emXi`fljJ_Xi`X_ ]fildjYfk_`eXe[flkj`[\DXcXpj`XXjgXikf]\]]fikjkf]lik_\i [\m\cfg@jcXd`ZÔeXeZ\% K_\ J_Xi`X_ :fdd`kk\\ ]fi )''0 `eZcl[\j k_\ ]fccfn`e^ [`jk`e^l`j_\[d\dY\ij1 Gif]\jjfi;i%8Y[lc>_X]Xi@jdX`c&:_X`idXe ;i%8Y[lc>_X]Xi@jdX`c_XjY\\eXGif]\jjfi`ek_\9Xeb`e^Xe[ =`eXeZ\ ]XZlckp f] Le`m\ij`k` B\YXe^jXXe DXcXpj`X LBD j`eZ\ )''*% ?\ `j Zlii\ekcp k_\ ?\X[ f] k_\ @jcXd`Z <Zfefd`Zj Xe[ =`eXeZ\ I\j\XiZ_ :\ek\i <BFE@J # Xe 8d9Xeb >iflg I\j`[\ek ?`j nfib _Xj Y\\e \ok\ej`m\cp glYc`j_\[ `e j\m\iXc i\]\ii\[ aflieXcj# Xdfe^ fk_\ij# ÈI\m`\n f] @jcXd`Z <Zfefd`ZjÉ# ÈAflieXc f] @jcXd`Z <Zfefd`ZjÉ# È9Xeb`e^ Xe[ =`eXeZ\É# È?ldXefd`ZjÉ# È@ek\ieXk`feXc AflieXc f] JfZ`Xc <Zfefd`Zj# JXm`e^j Xe[ ;\m\cfgd\ekÉ# È>cfYXc AflieXc f] =`eXeZ\ Xe[ <Zfefd`ZjÉ Xe[ ÈI\m`\n f] =`eXeZ`Xc <Zfefd`ZjÉ% ?`j dfjk i\Z\ek Yffb `j ÈDfe\p# @jcXd`Z 9Xebj Xe[ I\Xc <ZfefdpÉ# glYc`j_\[Yp:\e^X^\C\Xie`e^% ?`jgXg\ij_Xm\XcjfY\\egi\j\ek\[`edXep`ek\ieXk`feXcXe[ cfZXc Zfe]\i\eZ\j jlZ_ Xj @ek\ieXk`feXc J\d`eXi fe @jcXd`Z <Zfefd`Zj Xe[ =`eXeZ\# @IK@ @ek\ieXk`feXc :fe]\i\eZ\ Xe[ DXcXpj`X=`eXeZ\8jjfZ`Xk`fe:fe]\i\eZ\% Gif]\jjfi ;i% 8Y[lc >_X]Xi @jdX`cËj i\j\XiZ_ `ek\i\jkj `eZcl[\ c\Xie`e^ gifZ\jj Xe[ ^ifnk_ k_\fip# `ek\i$k\dgfiXc XccfZXk`fe f] i\jfliZ\j# c\Xie`e^ \Zfefd`Zj ]ifd 8c$HliXe Xe[ 8c$?X[`k_# ZXg`kXc X[\hlXZp jkXe[Xi[ ]fi @jcXd`Z YXebj# Xe[ nfib`e^ f] dfe\kXipgfc`Zp`eX[lXcYXeb`e^jpjk\d% ?\_fc[jXG_;]ifdk_\Le`m\ij`kpf]Jflk_Xdgkfe#<e^cXe[% ;i%?Xa`?Xj_`dD\_Xk&8jjfZ`Xk\Gif]\jjfi :lii\ekcpXe8jjfZ`Xk\Gif]\jjfin`k_k_\J_Xi`X_;\gXikd\ekXk Le`m\ij`k` B\YXe^jXXe DXcXpj`X LBD # ;i% ?Xj_`d D\_Xk nXj gi\m`fljcp X klkfi Xe[ C\Zkli\i Xk k_\ J_Xi`X_ [\gXikd\ek `eZcl[`e^:fdgXiXk`m\CXnXkk_\jXd\le`m\ij`kp% 8jjfZ`Xk\Gif]\jjfi;i%?Xj_`dD\_Xk`jX:fejlckXekJg\Xb\i]fi 8e^bXkXe K\ek\iX DXcXpj`X B8>8K % ?\ `j Zlii\ekcp X >l\jk Ni`k\i]fiAXYXkXe8^XdX@jcXdDXcXpj`XA8B@D Xe[Xd\dY\i f]k_\DX`e:fdd`kk\\]fiEXk`feXc@jcXd`ZD\[`X8nXi[8D@E % ?\`jXcjfXe<og\ik:fejlckXekXe[Jg\Xb\i]fi@ejk`klkCXk`_Xe @jcXd DXcXpj`X @C@D gif^iXdj i\cXk\[ kf @jcXd`Z CXnj `e DXcXpj`X#Xe\og\ikZfejlck`e^<[`kfi]fi@ejk`klkG\e^liljXe[Xe G\ep\c`[`bXe=XknXJ\[le`X@E=8; Xjn\ccXjX:fejlck`e^<[`kfi ]fi AflieXc ÈLcld @jcXd`ppX_É glYc`j_\[ Yp @jcXd`Z JZ`\eZ\ Le`m\ij`kpf]DXcXpj`XLJ@D % ?\ `j `emfcm\[ `e i\c`^`flj Xe[ XZX[\d`Z XZk`m`k`\j# \jg\Z`Xccp k_fj\ i\cXk\[ kf \Zfefd`Zj Xe[ ZfdgXiXk`m\ cXnj# Xe[ Xkk\e[j i\cXk\[ j\d`eXij Xe[ [`jZljj`fej Zfe[lZk\[ Yp >fm\ied\ek X^\eZ`\jXe[Efe>fm\ied\ekFi^Xe`qXk`fejE>Fj % @e )''0# _\ nXj \c\Zk\[ Xj Xe @e[\g\e[\ek 8jj\jjfi ]fi X e\n ]XZlckp`eLJ@D%K_\Xggf`ekd\eknXjdX[\Ypk_\GlYc`ZJ\im`Z\ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik J_Xi`X_:fdd`kk\\ 23 DXeX^\d\ekI\gfikj ;\gXikd\ek AG8 % ?\ nXj Xggf`ek\[ Xj Xe 8jj\jjfi f] Gifdfk`fej Xk @@LD Xe[ `j Xcjf fe\ f] k_\ 9fXi[ D\dY\ij ]fi k_\JZilk`e`q`e^:fdd`kk\\f]A8B@D% ?\_XjglYc`j_\[Xik`Zc\j`eaflieXcjXkeXk`feXcXe[`ek\ieXk`feXc c\m\cj% ?\ _Xj Xcjf glYc`j_\[ X ]\n Yffbj i\cXk\[ kf @jcXd`Z Xe[ :fdgXiXk`m\ cXnj# `eZcl[`e^ ÈDXcXpj`Xe CXn @jcXd`Z CXn fe J\ek\eZ`e^ÉglYc`j_\[Yp@ek\ieXk`feXcCXn9ffbJ\im`Z\j#n_`Z_ `jlj\[XjXi\]\i\eZ\^l`[\]fij\c\Zk\[le`m\ij`k`\j% 8jjfZ`Xk\ Gif]\jjfi ;i% ?Xj_`d D\_Xk _fc[j X G_; `e CXn ]ifd Le`m\ij`kpDXcXpX#DXcXpj`X% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik ;i%Efi_Xj_`dX_Df_[PXjj`e& 8jjfZ`Xk\Gif]\jjfi 24 ;i%Efi_Xj_`dX_Df_[PXjj`e`jXe8jjfZ`Xk\Gif]\jjfiXkk_\ Gi`mXk\ CXn ;\gXikd\ek# 8_dX[ @YiX_`d Blcc`pX_ f] CXnj# @ek\ieXk`feXc@jcXd`ZLe`m\ij`kpDXcXpj`X@@LD % J_\i\^lcXicpZfe[lZkjc\Zkli\j#i\j\XiZ_\jXe[gi\j\ekjgXg\ij Xk j\d`eXij Xe[ Zfe]\i\eZ\j# Yfk_ cfZXccp Xe[ `ek\ieXk`feXccp fe k_\ Xi\Xj f] @jcXd`Z YXeb`e^# @jcXd`Z `ejliXeZ\ KXbX]lc # dfe\p cXle[\i`e^Xe[k\iifi`jdÔeXeZ`e^% J_\_XjglYc`j_\[Xik`Zc\j`eYfk_cfZXcXe[`ek\ieXk`feXcaflieXcj% J_\`jk_\Xlk_fif]knfYffbjeXd\cpÈC\^Xc8jg\Zkjf]Dfe\p CXle[\i`e^]ifdk_\:fddfeCXnG\ijg\Zk`m\ÉglYc`j_\[)''. Yp C\o`jE\o`j Xe[ È@jcXd`jXk`fe&DXcXpe`jXk`fe1 K_\ Ifc\ f] @jcXd`ZCXn`ek_\<Zfefd`Z;\m\cfgd\ekf]DXcXpj`XÉglYc`j_\[ `e (00- Yp 8%J% Effi[\\e % J_\ `j Xcjf X Zfeki`Ylk`e^ \[`kfi kf 8eefkXk\[JkXklk\fe8ek`$Dfe\pCXle[\i`e^Xe[8ek`$K\iifi`jd =`eXeZ`e^ 8Zk )''( 8DC8K=8 Xe[ KXbX]lc 8Zk (0/+% J_\ Xcjf Zfeki`Ylk\[ _\i Xik`Zc\j fe @jcXd`Z YXeb`e^ `e X Yffb \[`k\[ Yp ;XkfË Jp\[ @[`[ ZXcc\[ ÈAl[`Z`Xc ;\Z`j`fej 8]]\Zk`e^ 9Xeb\ij Xe[ =`eXeZ`\ijÉglYc`j_\[YpDXcXpXeCXnAflieXc % J_\ `j Zlii\ekcp X d\dY\i f] k_\ 8[mfZXk\j Xe[ Jfc`Z`kfij ;`jZ`gc`eXip9fXi[Xe[j`kjfek_\9fXi[f]Kiljk\\j]fiPXpXjXe 8je`kX# X efe$^fm\ied\ekXc fi^Xe`qXk`fe% J_\ Xcjf Zfe[lZkj kiX`e`e^ ]fi 9Xeb E\^XiX DXcXpj`X 9ED # CXYlXe F]]j_fi\ =`eXeZ`Xc J\im`Z\j 8lk_fi`kp CF=J8 # Zfdd\iZ`Xc YXebj# [\m\cfgd\ek ÔeXeZ`Xc `ejk`klk`fej# Xe[ `ejliXeZ\ ZfdgXe`\j `e DXcXpj`X% 8jjfZ`Xk\ Gif]\jjfi ;i% Efi_Xj_`dX_ _fc[j X G_; `e CXn ]ifd Le`m\ij`kp f] NXin`Zb# Le`k\[ B`e^[fd Xe[ `j X hlXc`Ô\[ 8[mfZXk\Xe[Jfc`Z`kfif]k_\?`^_:flikf]DXcXpX% IXk`e^jJkXk\d\ek IXk`e^8^\eZpDXcXpj`X9\i_X[I8D _Xj#fe()FZkfY\i)''0# i\X]Ôid\[ k_\ 9XebËj cfe^ Xe[ j_fik k\id ÔeXeZ`Xc `ejk`klk`fe iXk`e^jXk888Xe[G(i\jg\Zk`m\cp#n`k_Xeflkcffbfek_\cfe^ k\idiXk`e^ji\dX`e`e^jkXYc\% K_\ iXk`e^j i\Õ\Zk k_\ 9XebËj jkife^ dXib\k gfj`k`fe# _\Xck_p Xjj\khlXc`kp#i\jg\ZkXYc\g\i]fidXeZ\k_Xkjlggfik`kjYlj`e\jj df[\c% 9XebIXk`e^JpdYfcjXe[;\Ôe`k`fej1 K_`j c\m\c f] iXk`e^ `e[`ZXk\j ZfigfiXk\ \ek`k`\j n`k_ jkife^ YXcXeZ\ j_\\kj# ]XmfiXYc\ Zi\[`k gifÔc\j Xe[ Zfej`jk\ek i\Zfi[j f] XYfm\$Xm\iX^\ gifÔkXY`c`kp% K_\`i ZXgXZ`k`\j ]fi k`d\cp gXpd\ekj f] ZfekiXZklXc ÔeXeZ`Xc fYc`^Xk`fej Xi\ lec`b\cp kf Y\ `dgXZk\[ j\i`fljcp Yp Xep ]fi\j\\XYc\Z_Xe^\j`e\Zfefd`ZZfe[`k`fej% G( =`eXeZ`Xc `ejk`klk`fej `e k_`j ZXk\^fip _Xm\ jlg\i`fi ZXgXZ`k`\j]fik`d\cpgXpd\ekjf]fYc`^Xk`fej% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 888 =`eXeZ`Xc`ejk`klk`fejiXk\[`ek_`jZXk\^fipXi\X[al[^\[ kf f]]\i k_\ _`^_\jk jX]\kp ]fi k`d\cp gXpd\ekj f] ÔeXeZ`XcfYc`^Xk`fej% 25 8nXi[jXe[8ZZfcX[\j :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik K_\]fccfn`e^`jXc`jkf]XZZfcX[\ji\Z\`m\[Ypk_\9Xebk_ifl^_flk)''01 26 9iXe[Jg\Z`Xckp8nXi[j)''/$)''0]fi9iXe[:fddle`ZXk`fe% K_\9iXe[CXli\Xk\8nXi[j)''0 Kiljk\[9iXe[)''0>fc[8nXi[1:i\[`k:Xi[ I\X[\ijË;`^\jk)''0 9\jk@ek\ieXk`feXcKiX[\9Xeb`eDXcXpj`X KiX[\=`eXeZ\ @jcXd`Z?flj\f]k_\P\Xi 8j`XI`jb 9\jk:Xi[@jjl\i CX]]\ikp8j`XGXpd\ek:Xi[j8nXi[)''0 9\jkI\nXi[jGif^iXd:`k`YXebNfic[Gi`m`c\^\j CX]]\ikp8j`XGXpd\ek:Xi[j8nXi[)''0 9\jkGif[lZk@eefmXk`feJ_\cc:`k`YXeb:i\[`k:Xi[ CX]]\ikp8j`XGXpd\ek:Xi[j8nXi[)''0 9\jkGi`mXk\9Xeb K_\8jj\kKi`gc\8@em\jkd\ek8nXi[j)''0 9cl\gi`ek8nXi[E\nJkilZkli\[=`eXeZ\9\eZ_dXib ;\Xc ÆID(%(Y`cc`feJlblb8c$@aXiX_`jjl\[Yp D\eXiX89J9\i_X[ I8D8nXi[f];`jk`eZk`fe&IXk`e^j8^\eZpDXcXpj`X 9\jk:fejld\i@ek\ie\k9Xeb >cfYXc=`eXeZ\DX^Xq`e\ Kfg8LD9l`c[\i]fi<hl`kp)''/8nXi[Æ9\jk=fi\`^e9Xeb :@D9Gi`eZ`gXc8jj\kDXeX^\d\ek9\i_X[ 9\jk@ek\ieXk`feXcKiX[\9Xeb`eDXcXpj`X KiX[\=`eXeZ\DX^Xq`e\ 9\jk=fi\`^e:Xj_DXeX^\d\ek9Xeb 8j`Xdfe\p)''0:Xj_DXeX^\d\ekGfcc&8j`Xdfe\p 9\jkFm\iXcc=OJ\im`Z\j 8j`Xdfe\p)''0=O:c`\ekGfcc&8j`Xdfe\p 9\jk]fi@eefmXk`m\=OGif[lZkjXe[JkilZkli\[@[\Xj 8j`Xdfe\p)''0=O:c`\ekGfcc&8j`Xdfe\p 9\jk=OGi`d\9ifb\iX^\J\im`Z\j 8j`Xdfe\p)''0=O:c`\ekGfcc&8j`Xdfe\p 9\jkJ`e^c\9XebKiX[`e^GcXk]fid 8j`Xdfe\p)''0=O:c`\ekGfcc&8j`Xdfe\p ?`^_\jkD\iZ_XekJXc\jMfcld\>ifnk_Xe[ ?`^_\jkGi\d`ldJg\e[ M`jXDXcXpj`Xe9Xeb`e^8nXi[j)''0 9\jk;\Xcf]k_\P\Xi)''0]fiJflk_\Xjk8j`X G\kifeXjLJ+%,Y`cc`fe9fe[jJlblb 8cg_XJflk_\Xjk8j`X :figfiXk\:`k`q\ej_`gXk:`k` 8k:`k`#n\kXb\flii\jgfej`Y`c`kpXjXZfigfiXk\Z`k`q\ej\i`fljcpXe[n\\ejli\n\XZkXggifgi`Xk\cp#Zfeki`Ylk\Xe[ jlggfikk_\Zfddle`k`\jn\fg\iXk\`e% :figfiXk\ Z`k`q\ej_`g `j X j`^e`ÔZXek jkiXk\^`Z gi`fi`kp Xe[ Xe `ek\^iXc gXik f] fg\iXk`fej Xk :`k`% :`k` `j jkife^cp Zfdd`kk\[kfY\`e^Xi\jgfej`Yc\ZfigfiXk\Z`k`q\e%N\kXb\gi`[\`eXccfliZfigfiXk\Z`k`q\ej_`gXZk`m`k`\j% @e DXcXpj`X# n\ Zfek`el\ kf ]fZlj fe `e]fid`e^ Xe[ [`jj\d`eXk`e^ `e]fidXk`fe fe ÔeXeZ`Xc \[lZXk`fe Xe[ Xjj\k gi\j\imXk`fe# Xe[ gifk\Zk`e^ k_\ \em`ifed\ek% N_`c\ fli gi`fi`k`\j _Xm\ i\dX`e\[ ZfejkXek# n\ _Xm\ X[aljk\[ fli XZk`m`k`\jkfXZZfddf[Xk\k_\e\\[jf]k_\Zfddle`kpn\c`m\Xe[nfibn`k_% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik :`k`YXeb9\i_X[Z\c\YiXk\[`kj,'k_p\Xi`eDXcXpj`X`e)''0#Xe[fm\ik_\cXjkZ\eklip#n\_Xm\`dgc\d\ek\[jg\Z`ÔZ gifa\Zkj Xe[ \m\ekj k_Xk _\cg Zfeki`Ylk\ gfj`k`m\cp kf k_\ cfZXc Zfddle`k`\j n\ Zfd\ `e ZfekXZk n`k_# `e [`]]\i\ek \Zfefd`ZZfe[`k`fej% 27 Jki\kZ_`e^PfliI`e^^`k CXjk p\Xi# n\ Zfek`el\[ kf le[\ikXb\ d\Xe`e^]lc Zfddle`kp$i\cXk\[ XZk`m`k`\j2 fe\ f] n_`Z_# Xccfn\[ lj kf \ogXe[fliÔeXeZ`Xc\[lZXk`fe`e`k`Xk`m\`ekfk_\c`m`e^iffdj f]k_\g\fgc\f]DXcXpj`X% @e ZfealeZk`fe n`k_ fli ,'k_ 8ee`m\ijXip `e DXcXpj`X Xe[ Xj gXik f] fli Zfek`elflj \]]fik kf \dg_Xj`j k_\ i\c\mXeZ\ f] ÔeXeZ`Xc c`k\iXZp kf k_\ DXcXpj`Xe glYc`Z# :`k`YXeb k\Xd\[ lg n`k_ :fejld\ij @ek\ieXk`feXc Xe[ IX[`f K\c\m`j`fe DXcXpj`X IKD #Xe[gif[lZ\[`kjÔijkglYc`ZÔeXeZ`Xc\[lZXk`fegif^iXd ZXcc\[# ÈJki\kZ_`e^ Pfli I`e^^`kÉ% @k nXj X`d\[ Xk `eZi\Xj`e^ c`k\iXZpc\m\cjfeg\ijfeXcÔeXeZ\#`eÕl\eZ`e^ÔeXeZ`XcY\_Xm`fi Xe[`eZi\Xj`e^Zfejld\iXnXi\e\jj% Lj`e^*'&-'j\Zfe[`e]fd\iZ`Xcj#`knXjX`i\[fm\i]flidfek_j ]ifd J\gk\dY\i lek`c ;\Z\dY\i# )''0# `e <e^c`j_# DXcXp Xe[ DXe[Xi`efej\c\Zk\[IKDZ_Xee\cj% N\Y\c`\m\k_Xk`kjm`jlXc`dgXZk_X[X^i\Xk\iXY`c`kpkfZXgkli\ k_\ `ek\i\jk f] Xl[`\eZ\j ]ifd Xcc nXcbj f] c`]\% 8j k_\ eXk`feXc YifX[ZXjk`e^d\[`ld#IKDi\XZ_\jfm\i0'f]DXcXpj`X#Xe[ _Xj fm\i (( d`cc`fe m`\n\ij% 9p jZ_\[lc`e^ k_\ ÈJki\kZ_`e^ Pfli ^^`kÉ gif^iXd gif^iXd [li`e^ gi`d\k`d\ `e `e _`^_cp _`^_cp iXk\[ iXk\[ j_fnj j_fnj fe fe I`e^^`kÉ [li`e^ gi`d\k`d\ IKD# n\ n\i\ ZfeÔ[\ek f] Zi\Xk`e^ XnXi\e\jj Xe[ \[lZXk`e^ flikXi^\kXl[`\eZ\feÔeXeZ`Xc\[lZXk`fe% 8k k_\ \e[ f] k_\ ]fli dfek_j# n\ XZ_`\m\[ fli ^fXcj f] i\XZ_`e^k_\((d`cc`fem`\n\ij#f]n_fd.'n\i\]ifdcfnkf df[\iXk\ `eZfd\ _flj\_fc[j# X^\[ Y\kn\\e ), kf ,' p\Xij# c`m`e^ `e liYXe# j\d`$liYXe Xe[ iliXc Xi\Xj `e N\jk Xe[ <Xjk DXcXpj`X% 8gXik]ifdk_\`e]fd\iZ`Xcj#k_\i\n\i\Xcjfj\m\iXckXcbj_fnj ]\Xkli`e^ [`jk`e^l`j_\[ ^l\jkj ]ifd j\m\iXc ^fm\ied\ek X^\eZ`\j% K_\j\ `eZcl[\[ 8Yl ?XjjXe# 9Xeb E\^XiX DXcXpj`X $ È@eZi\Xj`e^ `dgfikXeZ\ f] ÔeXeZ`Xc c`k\iXZpÉ2 Df_Xd\[ 8bnXc JlckXe# 8BGB Æ È ;\Yk Zflej\c`e^ Xe[ d\Xjli\j `e gi\m\ek`e^ k_\ [\Yk kiXgÉ2 ;i% AXi`X_ DXjl[# DXcXpj`Xe :fejld\i Xe[ =Xd`cp <Zfefd`Zj 8jjfZ`Xk`fe D8:=<8 $ ÈK_\ `dgfikXeZ\ f] _fd\\Zfefd`ZjXe[Yl[^\k`e^ÉXe[P%B%Cfb\#EXk`feXcLe`fe f]K\XZ_`e^Gif]\jj`fe$ÈIfc\f]k\XZ_\ij`e\[lZXk`e^Z_`c[i\e XYflkÔeXeZ`Xc\[lZXk`feÉ% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik :figfiXk\:`k`q\ej_`gXk:`k` 28 K_\8[m\ekli\jf]8^\ekG\eepXe[N`ccGfn\iZfek`el\j%%% Fli ÔeXeZ`Xc \[lZXk`fe gif^iXdj Xe[ gXike\ij_`gj \eXYc\ lj kf \e^X^\ d`cc`fejf]pfle^jZ_ffc^f`e^Z_`c[i\eeXk`fen`[\%N\Xi\fekiXZbkfd\\k`e^ fli ^fXc f] i\XZ_`e^ flk kf [`]]\i\ek j\^d\ekj f] k_\ Zflekip% K_ifl^_ fli j`^eXkli\ gif^iXdj `e ÔeXeZ`Xc \[lZXk`fe# n\ `ejk`cc k_\ `dgfikXek _XY`k f] jXm`e^j`eZ_`c[i\e`ek_\`i]fidXk`m\p\Xij% N\ Y\c`\m\ ÔeXeZ`Xc \[lZXk`fe `j efk aljk XYflk j\c\Zk`e^ k_\ Y\jk ÔeXeZ`Xc gif[lZkj ]ifd X dpi`X[ f] f]]\i`e^j `e k_\ dXib\k% @k `j XYflk le[\ijkXe[`e^ Xe[ i\Xc`q`e^ _fn \]]\Zk`m\ dfe\p dXeX^\d\ek# Yl[^\k`e^# jXm`e^ Xe[ gil[\ek `em\jkd\ekj Xi\ kf fli fm\iXcc ÔeXeZ`Xc n\cc Y\`e^ Xe[ j\Zli`kp% :`k`YXeb jkife^cp Y\c`\m\j k_Xk k_`j g\ik`e\ek befnc\[^\ Xe[ le[\ijkXe[`e^ j_flc[Y\\eZfliX^\[Xe[giXZk`Z\[YpXccÆZ_`c[i\e#k\\eX^\ij#pfle^X[lckj Xe[k_\\c[\icp% :`k`YXebËj 8^\ek G\eep Xe[ N`cc Gfn\i# k_\ Zfd`Z$Yffb X[m\ekli\ j\i`\j k_Xk k\XZ_\j gi`dXip jZ_ffc Z_`c[i\e XYflk dfe\p dXeX^\d\ek Xe[ jXm`e^# `j X ZXj\`egf`ek% @e )''0# :`k`YXeb Zfek`el\[ kf \ok\e[ `kj 8^\ek G\eep gif^iXd n`k_ X eXk`fen`[\ [`jki`Ylk`fe f] 8^\ek G\eep Yffbj# n_`Z_ `j Zlii\ekcp `e `kj k_`i[ \[`k`fe%Jg\Z`Xc\]]fiknXjdX[\kf`ekif[lZ\k_\gif^iXdkfdfi\jZ_ffcj`e <Xjk DXcXpj`X% K_\ gif^iXd Y\e\Ôk\[ dfi\ k_Xe )(#''' gi`dXip jZ_ffc jkl[\ekj eXk`fen`[\# Xj jkl[\ekj ]ifd E\^\i` J\dY`cXe Xe[ G\iXb n\i\ Xcjf `ekif[lZ\[kfk_`jj\i`\j]fik_\Ôijkk`d\% J`eZ\ )'',# :`k`YXeb _Xj jlZZ\jj]lccp [\c`m\i\[ k_\ 8^\ek G\eep gif^iXd kf dfi\k_Xe-'#'''jkl[\ekjeXk`fen`[\% :figfiXk\:`k`q\ej_`gXk:`k` Pfle^<ek\igi`j\Gif^iXd K_\ 8D:?8D Pfle^ <ek\igi`j\ Gif^iXd XZk`m\cp \e^X^\[ fm\i )'' :`k` mfclek\\ij# n_f XZk\[ Xj d\ekfij Xe[ kXl^_k (-$p\Xi fc[j ]ifd J\bfcX_ D\e\e^X_ B\YXe^jXXe BXk_fc`b# Jk Af_eËj @ejk`klk`fe `e BlXcX Cldgli Xj n\cc Xj D\k_f[`jk >`icj JZ_ffc `e G\eXe^k_\]le[Xd\ekXcjf]Yl`c[`e^Xm`XYc\Ylj`e\jj\ek\igi`j\% @e)''0#dfi\k_Xe-'jkl[\ekjgXik`Z`gXk\[`ek_\>F>I<<E Pfle^ <ek\igi`j\ ;Xp _\c[ Xk D\eXiX :`k`YXeb Yp j\cc`e^ k_\`i jg\Z`XccpZiX]k\[_Xe[dX[\^ff[jkf:`k`YXeb\dgcfp\\jXe[ m`j`kfij% K_\j\ ^ff[j n\i\ gif[lZ\[ Xe[ [\j`^e\[ ]ifd \em`ifed\ek$]i`\e[cp dXk\i`Xcj# Xe[ gXZbX^\[ Xe[ jfc[ Yp k_\ jkl[\ekj% Fk_\i XZk`m`k`\j `eZcl[\[ X jkl[p kfli kf :`k`YXebËj Zi\[`k ZXi[ Zf$YiXe[gXike\i#>`Xek?pg\idXib\kn_\i\k_\jkl[\ekj_X[k_\ fggfikle`kp kf n`ke\jj Xe[ c\Xie XYflk _pg\idXib\k fg\iXk`fej Xe[ dXeX^\d\ek Æ \m\ipk_`e^ ]ifd Z_ffj`e^ k_\ Zfii\Zk ]ff[ gif[lZk#cf^`jk`ZjXe[gif[lZkgcXZ\d\ek% @e X[[`k`fe# k_\ :`k` jgfejfi\[ jZ_ffcj f] J\bfcX_ D\e\e^X_ B\YXe^jXXe BXk_fc`b Xe[ Jk Af_eËj @ejk`klk`fe \d\i^\[ Z_Xdg`fej Yp n`ee`e^ k_\ 9\jk 8eelXc I\gfik 8nXi[ Xe[ 9\jk :ljkfd\i J\im`Z\ 8nXi[ i\jg\Zk`m\cp% D\Xen_`c\# k_\ D\k_f[`jk >`icj JZ_ffc `e G\eXe^ nfe dfjk gifÔkXYc\ jkXcc XnXi[ [li`e^ k_\`i8eelXcPfle^<ek\igi`j\JXc\)''0% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik :`k` DXcXpj`X _Xj Y\\e nfib`e^ n`k_ k_\ 8d\i`ZXe DXcXpj`X :_XdY\i f] :fdd\iZ\ 8D:?8D fe k_\ Pfle^ <ek\igi`j\ Gif^iXd j`eZ\ )''*% K_ifl^_ k_`j gif^iXd# jkl[\ekj Xi\ ^`m\ek_\fggfikle`kpkfc\Xie_fnkfY\jlZZ\jj]lc\eki\gi\e\lij% 29 :figfiXk\:`k`q\ej_`gXk:`k` JljkX`eXYc\\ek\igi`j\]fik_\AX_X`:fddle`kp :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik @e )''0# :`k`YXeb `e`k`Xk\[ `kj Ôijk \em`ifed\ek$i\cXk\[ gif^iXd% K_ifl^_ X gXike\ij_`g n`k_ k_\ DXcXpj`Xe EXkli\ JfZ`\kpDEJ #:`k`=fle[Xk`fegi\j\ek\[XLJ,'#'''^iXekkf g`cfk X jljkX`eXYc\ \ek\igi`j\ gif^iXd kf _\cg k_\ `e[`^\eflj AX_X` :fddle`kp Y\Zfd\ \Zfefd`ZXccp j\c] jl]ÔZ`\ek Xe[ ÔeXeZ`Xccp`e[\g\e[\ek% 30 K_\ gif^iXd nXj ]fidlcXk\[ kf \[lZXk\ k_\ AX_X` Zfddle`kp fejljkX`eXYc\`eZfd\fggfikle`k`\jYXj\[fe9\cld$K\d\e^^fiËj eXkliXc i\jfliZ\j Xe[ Yl`c[ `kj \Zf$kfli`jd gfk\ek`Xc kf Y\e\Ôk k_\Zfddle`kp`ek_\cfe^k\id%K_\^iXek]ifd:`k`=fle[Xk`fe nXjlj\[kf_\cgk_\AX_X`:fddle`kp^\e\iXk\`eZfd\k_ifl^_ XÔijkf]`kjb`e[_\iY^Xi[\eXe[?fieY`ccZfej\imXk`fegif^iXd ZXcc\[Ê8[fgkXE\jkË% Le[\ik_\jlg\im`j`fef]DEJXe[:`k`#k_\_fieY`ccZfej\imXk`fe gifa\Zkn`cc`eZi\Xj\k_\AX_X`Zfddle`kpËjZXgXZ`kpkfdfe`kfi Xe[ gifk\Zk _fieY`cc jg\Z`\j `e k_\ 9\cld$K\d\e^fi ]fi\jk Zfdgc\o% C`eb\[ kf k_\ Ê8[fgk X E\jkË gif^iXd# k_\ jb`ccj Xe[ befnc\[^\f]k_\AX_X`Zfddle`kpn`ccY\_Xie\jj\[kfdfe`kfi Xe[gifg\icp[fZld\ekk_\_fieY`ccXZk`m`k`\jkf_\cgZfeki`Ylk\ kf k_\ DEJ ?fieY`cc :fej\imXk`fe Gifa\Zk Xe[ jlZZ\jj f] k_\ Ê8[fgk$X$E\jkË gif^iXd% J\c\Zk\[ d\dY\ij f] k_\ Zfddle`kp _Xm\Y\\ekiX`e\[kfXZkXje\jk^lXi[`Xejkfk_\dXepjg\Z`\j f]_fieY`ccjk_Xkc`m\`ek_\iX`e]fi\jk% N`k_k_\Xjj`jkXeZ\f]k_\=fi\jkI\j\XiZ_@ejk`klk\f]DXcXpj`X =I@D #:`k``jXcjfXjj`jk`e^k_\AX_X`Zfddle`kp[\m\cfgX_\iY ^Xi[\ek_Xkn`ccXZkXjXÈd\[`Z`e\j_fgÉXe[XjXe`e[`^\eflj _\iY j_fnZXj\ ]fi kfli`jkj% K_\ _\iYj k_Xk _Xm\ Y\\e gcXek\[ _\cg ki\Xk kffk_XZ_\# ]\m\ij Xe[ jb`e gifYc\dj c`b\ i`e^nfid% DXep dfi\ _\iYj Xe[ gcXekj lj\[ Yp k_\ AX_X` Zfddle`kp ]fi d\[`Z`eXcgligfj\jn`ccY\gcXek\[`ejkX^\j% -' g\fgc\ ]ifd k_\ AX_X` :fddle`kp _Xm\ jf ]Xi Xkk\e[\[ kiX`e`e^Zfe[lZk\[Yp=I@D#Xe[k_\p_Xm\jkXik\[kfgXik`Z`gXk\ `e\Zf$kfli`jdXe[_Xm\jlZZ\jj]lccpY\^lekf^\e\iXk\`eZfd\ YpZ_Xi^`e^ID/$( 'kfkfli^iflgj% @eZfealeZk`fen`k_@ek\ieXk`feXc<Xik_;Xp#:`k`cXleZ_\[È>i\\e 8ggc\ ;XpÉ kf \eZfliX^\ :`k` \dgcfp\\j kf Ylp ^i\\e Xggc\j Xe[ [\[`ZXk\ k_\d kf k_\`i Zfcc\X^l\j% GifZ\\[j ]ifd k_\ jXc\ n\i\[feXk\[kfDEJXe[lj\[kfgliZ_Xj\Xe\nnXk\igldg kfYi`e^]i\j_nXk\ikfk_\AX_X`:fddle`kp% K_\ AX_X` :fddle`kp ]ifd k_\ :_ln\_ M`ccX^\ `j Xe le[\m\cfg\[m`ccX^\`ek_\jkXk\f]G\iXb%@k_XjXgfglcXk`fef] -' `e[`m`[lXcj# Xe[ `j cfZXk\[ `e X i\dfk\ Xi\X `e k_\ 9\cld$K\d\e^fi ]fi\jk Zfdgc\o% @k `j XZZ\jj`Yc\ fecp Yp YfXk# _Xj ef XZZ\jj kf Zc\Xe g`g\[ nXk\i# gifg\i jXe`kXk`fe Xe[ \c\Zki`Z`kp% K_\ Zfddle`kp i\c`\j _\Xm`cp fe ]fi\jk gif[lZkj kf dXb\\e[jd\\kn_`c\XdXafi`kpf]k_\Z_`c[i\e[fefkXkk\e[ jZ_ffcjXj]l\cXe[YfXki\ekXcjXi\Zfjkcp%?\eZ\#k_\jlZZ\jj]lc `dgc\d\ekXk`fe f] k_\ _\iY ^Xi[\e Xe[ ?fieY`cc E\jk >lXi[`Xe gifa\Zkj nflc[ _\cg gifm`[\ X df[\c ]fi e\XiYp m`ccX^\j kf i\gc`ZXk\Xe[Y\e\Ôk]ifd#`ek_\cfe^\ik\id% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik :figfiXk\:`k`q\ej_`gXk:`k` 31 :`k`>cfYXc:fddle`kp;Xp1:_Xi`kp9fnc Gifdfk`e^ [`m\ij`kp Xe[ i\XZ_`e^ flk k_ifl^_ g_`cXek_ifgp Xe[mfclek\\i`jdZfek`el\kfY\Xe`ek\^iXcgXikf]:`k`ËjZlckli\% :`k` DXcXpj`X _fjk\[ `kj +k_ 8eelXc >cfYXc :fddle`kp ;Xp Yp iX`j`e^ ]le[j ]fi k_\ e\\[p k_ifl^_ X j\i`\j f] :_Xi`kp 9fnc \m\ekj#_\c[`eBlXcXCldgli#Af_fi9X_ilXe[G\eXe^% Fm\i 0,' mfclek\\ij kffb gXik kf iX`j\ ]le[j ]fi [`]]\i\ek Zfddle`kp fi^Xe`qXk`fej `eZcl[`e^ IldX_ K`k`Xe BXj\_ Xe[ 9\Xlk`]lc>Xk\?fd\]fik_\;`jXYc\[`eBlXcXCldgli2IldX_ 9\ibXkXe[GXlcfjM`ccX`eAf_fi9XilXjn\ccXjk_\:_`c[i\eËj Gifk\Zk`feJfZ`\kp`eG\eXe^% :`k`YXeb 9\i_X[ [feXk\[ ID ( )#''' kf dXkZ_ k_\ ID ( )#''' iX`j\[ ]ifd k_\ Yfnc`e^ kflieXd\ekj# kf Yi`e^ k_\ kfkXc kf X Zfdd\e[XYc\ID)+#'''% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 32 K?@JG8><@J@EK<EK@FE8CCPC<=K9C8EB ]`eXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj Zfek\ekj *+ ;`i\ZkfijËI\gfik *. JkXk\d\ekYp;`i\Zkfij */ ;\ZcXiXk`feGlijlXek *0 8l[`kfijËI\gfik +' 9XcXeZ\J_\\k + ( @eZfd\JkXk\d\ek +) JkXk\d\ekf]:_Xe^\j`e<hl`kp +* :Xj_=cfnJkXk\d\ek +, Efk\jkfk_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj ;`i\ZkfijËI\gfik =fiK_\P\Xi<e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0 K_\;`i\Zkfij_Xm\gc\Xjli\`ejlYd`kk`e^k_\`ii\gfikXe[k_\ Xl[`k\[ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekjf]k_\>iflgXe[f]k_\9Xeb]fi k_\p\Xi\e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0% Gi`eZ`gXc8Zk`m`k`\j K_\ >iflg Xe[ k_\ 9Xeb Xi\ gi`eZ`gXccp \e^X^\[ `e YXeb`e^ Xe[i\cXk\[ÔeXeZ`Xcj\im`Z\jk_XkXcjf`eZcl[\@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^ Ylj`e\jj n_`cjk k_\ gi`eZ`gXc XZk`m`k`\j f] k_\ jlYj`[`Xi`\j Xi\ jkXk\[ `e Efk\ ( * kf k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj% K_\i\ _Xj Y\\e ef j`^e`ÔZXek Z_Xe^\ `e k_\ eXkli\ f] k_\j\ XZk`m`k`\j [li`e^ k_\ÔeXeZ`Xcp\Xi% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik I\jlckj 34 >iflgXe[9Xeb IDË''' GifÔkY\]fi\kXoXk`fe KXoXk`fe GifÔkX]k\ikXoXk`fe /0,#-.+ ))(#++0 8k k_\ [Xk\ f] k_`j i\gfik# k_\ ;`i\Zkfij Xi\ efk XnXi\ f] Xep Z`iZldjkXeZ\j#n_`Z_nflc[i\e[\ik_\Xdflekni`kk\ef]]]fi YX[ [\Ykj Xe[ ÔeXeZ`e^# fi k_\ Xdflek f] k_\ gifm`j`fe ]fi [flYk]lc[\YkjXe[ÔeXeZ`e^#`ek_\ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekjf]k_\ >iflgXe[f]k_\9Xeb`eX[\hlXk\kfXepjlYjkXek`Xc\ok\ek% :lii\ek8jj\kj 9\]fi\ k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj f] k_\ >iflg Xe[ f] k_\ 9Xeb n\i\ dX[\ flk# k_\ ;`i\Zkfij kffb i\XjfeXYc\ jk\gj kf XjZ\ikX`e k_Xk Xep Zlii\ek Xjj\kj# fk_\i k_Xe [\Ykj Xe[ ÔeXeZ`e^# n_`Z_ n\i\ lec`b\cp kf Y\ i\Xc`j\[ `e k_\ fi[`eXip Zflij\f]Ylj`e\jjXkk_\`imXcl\j#Xjj_fne`ek_\XZZflek`e^ i\Zfi[jf]k_\>iflgXe[f]k_\9Xeb#_Xm\Y\\eni`kk\e[fne kfXeXdflekn_`Z_k_\pd`^_kY\\og\Zk\[kfi\Xc`j\% 8k k_\ [Xk\ f] k_`j i\gfik# k_\ ;`i\Zkfij Xi\ efk XnXi\ f] Xep Z`iZldjkXeZ\j#n_`Z_nflc[i\e[\ik_\mXcl\jXkki`Ylk\[kfk_\ Zlii\ekXjj\kj`ek_\ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekjf]k_\>iflgXe[f] k_\9Xebd`jc\X[`e^% -.+#)), MXclXk`feD\k_f[j ;`m`[\e[j J`eZ\k_\\e[f]k_\gi\m`fljÔeXeZ`Xcp\Xi#k_\9XebgX`[1 `% X kXo$\o\dgk\[ ÔeXc fi[`eXip [`m`[\e[ f] *)0 j\e g\i fi[`eXip j_Xi\ kfkXc`e^ ID +'' d`cc`fe `e i\jg\Zk f] k_\ p\Xi\e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''/fe,DXp)''02Xe[ 8k k_\ [Xk\ f] k_`j i\gfik# k_\ ;`i\Zkfij Xi\ efk XnXi\ f] Xep Z`iZldjkXeZ\j n_`Z_ _Xm\ Xi`j\e n_`Z_ nflc[ i\e[\i X[_\i\eZ\ kf k_\ \o`jk`e^ d\k_f[j f] mXclXk`fe f] Xjj\kj fi c`XY`c`k`\j `e k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj f] k_\ >iflg Xe[ f] k_\ 9Xebd`jc\X[`e^fi`eXggifgi`Xk\% :fek`e^\ek8e[Fk_\iC`XY`c`k`\j 8kk_\[Xk\f]k_`ji\gfikk_\i\[f\jefk\o`jk1 Xe`ek\i`dfi[`eXip[`m`[\e[f]*)0j\eg\ifi[`eXipj_Xi\ c\jj kXo Xk ), kfkXc`e^ ID *'' d`cc`fe )+. j\e e\k g\i fi[`eXipj_Xi\ `ei\jg\Zkf]k_\p\Xi\e[\[*( ;\Z\dY\i )''0fe));\Z\dY\i)''0% X% XepZ_Xi^\fek_\Xjj\kjf]k_\>iflgfif]k_\9Xebn_`Z_ _Xj Xi`j\e j`eZ\ k_\ \e[ f] k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc p\Xi Xe[ n_`Z_ j\Zli\jk_\c`XY`c`k`\jf]Xepfk_\ig\ijfe#fi K_\ ÔeXc fi[`eXip [`m`[\e[ i\Zfdd\e[\[ Yp k_\ ;`i\Zkfij `e i\jg\Zk f] k_\ p\Xi \e[\[ *( ;\Z\dY\i )''0 `j ).+ j\e g\i fi[`eXip j_Xi\ c\jj kXo Xk ), kfkXc`e^ ID),' d`cc`fe )', j\ee\kg\ifi[`eXipj_Xi\ % Y% XepZfek`e^\ekc`XY`c`k`\j`ei\jg\Zkf]k_\>iflgfif]k_\ 9Xeb k_Xk _Xj Xi`j\e j`eZ\ k_\ \e[ f] k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc p\Xi fk_\i k_Xe k_fj\ `eZlii\[ `e k_\ fi[`eXip Zflij\ f] Ylj`e\jj% I\j\im\j8e[Gifm`j`fej Ef Zfek`e^\ek fi fk_\i c`XY`c`kp f] k_\ >iflg Xe[ f] k_\ 9Xeb _Xj Y\Zfd\ \e]fiZ\XYc\# fi `j c`b\cp kf Y\Zfd\ \e]fiZ\XYc\ n`k_`e k_\ g\i`f[ f] kn\cm\ dfek_j X]k\i k_\ \e[ f] k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xcp\Xin_`Z_#`ek_\fg`e`fef]k_\;`i\Zkfij#n`ccfidXp jlYjkXek`XccpX]]\Zkk_\XY`c`kpf]k_\>iflgXe[f]k_\9Xebkf d\\kk_\`ifYc`^Xk`fejXjXe[n_\ek_\p]Xcc[l\% ``% K_\i\ n\i\ ef dXk\i`Xc kiXej]\ij kf fi ]ifd i\j\im\j Xe[ gifm`j`fej[li`e^k_\p\Xile[\ii\m`\n\oZ\gkXj[`jZcfj\[`e k_\ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj% 9X[8e[;flYk]lc;\Ykj8e[=`eXeZ`e^ 9\]fi\ k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj f] k_\ >iflg Xe[ f] k_\ 9Xeb n\i\dX[\flk#k_\;`i\Zkfijkffbi\XjfeXYc\jk\gjkfXjZ\ikX`e k_XkXZk`fej_X[Y\\ekXb\e`ei\cXk`fekfk_\ni`k`e^f]]f]YX[ [\YkjXe[ÔeXeZ`e^Xe[k_\dXb`e^f]gifm`j`fej]fi[flYk]lc [\Ykj Xe[ ÔeXeZ`e^# Xe[ jXk`jÔ\[ k_\dj\cm\j k_Xk Xcc befne YX[ [\Ykj Xe[ ÔeXeZ`e^ _X[ Y\\e ni`kk\e f]] Xe[ X[\hlXk\ gifm`j`fejdX[\]fiYX[Xe[[flYk]lc[\YkjXe[ÔeXeZ`e^% :_Xe^\F]:`iZldjkXeZ\j 8k k_\ [Xk\ f] k_`j i\gfik# k_\ ;`i\Zkfij Xi\ efk XnXi\ f] Xep Z`iZldjkXeZ\j# efk fk_\in`j\ [\Xck n`k_ `e k_`j i\gfik fi k_\ ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekjf]k_\>iflgXe[f]k_\9Xeb#k_Xknflc[ i\e[\i Xep Xdflek jkXk\[ `e k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj d`jc\X[`e^% Directors’ Report For The Year Ended 31 December 2009 Items Of An Unusual Nature Share Capital The results of the operations of the Group and of the Bank for the financial year were not, in the opinion of the Directors, substantially affected by any item, transaction or event of a material and unusual nature. There were no changes in the issued and paid-up capital of the Bank during the financial year. Directors Of The Bank Directors who served since the date of the last report are: Jonathan Christian Larsen Sanjeev Nanavati Tan Sri Dato’ Hj. Omar Bin Ibrahim Dato’ Syed Sidi Idid Bin Syed Abdullah Idid Dato’ Siow Kim Lun @ Siow Kim Lin Piyush Gupta (resigned on 3 September 2009) Directors’ Interests The interests in the shares and options of the Bank and of its related corporations of those who were Directors at year end as recorded in the Register of Directors’ Shareholdings are as follows: Number of ordinary shares of USD1 each At At 1.1.2009 Bought Sold 31.12.2009 Shares in Citigroup Inc. Sanjeev Nanavati Jonathan Christian Larsen Dato’ Siow Kim Lun @ Siow Kim Lin 5,619 93,926 - 43,623 180,185 6,000 - 49,242 274,111 6,000 Number of ordinary shares of USD1 each At At 1.1.2009 Granted Vested 1.12.2009 Capital Accumulation Program/ Supplementary CAP/SEA in Citigroup Inc. Sanjeev Nanavati 16,384 15,411 (5,138) 26,657 Number of options over ordinary shares of USD1 each At At 1.1.2009 Granted Forfeited 31.12.2009 Stock Option Plan in Citigroup Inc. Sanjeev Nanavati Jonathan Christian Larsen 10,113 45,979 62,977 393,131 (1,527) (14,000) 71,563 425,110 Other than as disclosed above, none of the Directors in office at the end of the financial year had any interest in shares and options of the Bank and of its related corporations. Citibank Berhad | 2009 Annual Report There has not arisen in the interval between the end of the financial year and the date of this report any item, transaction or event of a material and unusual nature likely, in the opinion of the Directors, to affect substantially the results of the operations of the Group and of the Bank for the current financial year in which this report is made. 35 ;`i\ZkfijËI\gfik =fiK_\P\Xi<e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0 ;`i\ZkfijË9\e\]`kj :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik J`eZ\k_\\e[f]k_\gi\m`flj]`eXeZ`Xcp\Xi#ef;`i\Zkfif]k_\ 9Xeb _Xj i\Z\`m\[ efi Y\Zfd\ \ek`kc\[ kf i\Z\`m\ Xep Y\e\]`k fk_\i k_Xe X Y\e\]`k `eZcl[\[ `e k_\ X^^i\^Xk\ Xdflek f] \dfcld\ekj i\Z\`m\[ fi [l\ Xe[ i\Z\`mXYc\ Yp ;`i\Zkfij Xj j_fne `e k_\ ]`eXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj fi k_\ ]`o\[ jXcXip f] X ]lcc k`d\ \dgcfp\\ f] k_\ 9Xeb Yp i\Xjfe f] X ZfekiXZk dX[\ Yp k_\9XebfiXi\cXk\[ZfdgXepn`k_k_\;`i\Zkfifin`k_X]`id f]n_`Z_k_\;`i\Zkfi`jXd\dY\i#fin`k_XZfdgXep`en_`Z_ k_\;`i\Zkfi_XjXjlYjkXek`Xc]`eXeZ`Xc`ek\i\jk% 36 K_\i\ n\i\ ef XiiXe^\d\ekj [li`e^ Xe[ Xk k_\ \e[ f] k_\ ]`eXeZ`Xcp\Xin_`Z__X[k_\fYa\Zkf]\eXYc`e^;`i\Zkfijf]k_\ 9XebkfXZhl`i\Y\e\]`kjYpd\Xejf]k_\XZhl`j`k`fef]j_Xi\j `e fi [\Y\ekli\j f] k_\ 9Xeb fi Xep fk_\i Yf[p ZfigfiXk\ XgXik ]ifd k_\ ;`i\Zkfij XYfm\ n_f n\i\ ^iXek\[ fgk`fej kf jlYjZi`Y\ ]fi j_Xi\j `e k_\ lck`dXk\ _fc[`e^ ZfdgXep le[\i mXi`fljjkfZb`eZ\ek`m\Xe[gliZ_Xj\jZ_\d\jn_\i\k_\gi`Z\ Xe[k\idjXi\Xj[\k\id`e\[Ypk_\jX`[jZ_\d\% Fgk`fej>iXek\[Fm\iLe`jjl\[J_Xi\j Ef fgk`fej n\i\ ^iXek\[ kf Xep g\ijfe kf kXb\ lg le`jjl\[ j_Xi\jf]k_\9Xeb[li`e^k_\]`eXeZ`Xcp\Xi% 8l[`kfij K_\Xl[`kfij#D\jjijBGD>#_Xm\`e[`ZXk\[k_\`in`cc`e^e\jjkf XZZ\gki\$Xggf`ekd\ek% J`^e\[feY\_Xc]f]k_\9fXi[f];`i\Zkfij`eXZZfi[XeZ\n`k_X i\jfclk`fef]k_\;`i\Zkfij1 JXea\\mEXeXmXk` ;XkfËJp\[J`[`@[`[9`eJp\[8Y[lccX_@[`[ BlXcXCldgli# ;Xk\1+DXiZ_)'(' JkXk\d\ekYp;`i\Zkfij GlijlXekKfJ\Zk`fe(-0(, F]K_\:fdgXe`\j8Zk#(0-, @e k_\ fg`e`fe f] k_\ ;`i\Zkfij# k_\ ]`eXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj j\k flk fe gX^\j +' kf ()* Xi\ [iXne lg `e XZZfi[XeZ\ n`k_ =`eXeZ`Xc I\gfik`e^JkXe[Xi[jXjdf[`]`\[Yp9XebE\^XiXDXcXpj`X>l`[\c`e\jXe[k_\:fdgXe`\j8Zk#(0-,`eDXcXpj`XjfXjkf^`m\Xkil\ Xe[]X`im`\nf]k_\]`eXeZ`Xcgfj`k`fef]k_\>iflgXe[f]k_\9XebXk*(;\Z\dY\i)''0Xe[f]k_\`i]`eXeZ`Xcg\i]fidXeZ\Xe[ ZXj_]cfnj]fik_\p\Xik_\e\e[\[% J`^e\[feY\_Xc]f]k_\9fXi[f];`i\Zkfij`eXZZfi[XeZ\n`k_Xi\jfclk`fef]k_\;`i\Zkfij1 ;XkfËJp\[J`[`@[`[9`eJp\[8Y[lccX_@[`[ BlXcXCldgli# ;Xk\1+DXiZ_)'(' :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik JXea\\mEXeXmXk` 37 ;\ZcXiXk`feGlijlXek KfJ\Zk`fe(-0(- F]K_\:fdgXe`\j8Zk#(0-, @# KXe^ NXe :_\\# Y\`e^ k_\ f]]`Z\i gi`dXi`cp i\jgfej`Yc\ ]fi k_\ ]`eXeZ`Xc dXeX^\d\ek f] :`k`YXeb 9\i_X[# [f jfc\decp# Xe[ j`eZ\i\cp[\ZcXi\k_Xkk_\]`eXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekjj\kflkfegX^\j+'kf()*Xi\#kfk_\Y\jkf]dpbefnc\[^\Xe[Y\c`\]#Zfii\ZkXe[@ dXb\ k_`j jfc\de [\ZcXiXk`fe ZfejZ`\ek`fljcp Y\c`\m`e^ k_\ jXd\ kf Y\ kil\# Xe[ Yp m`ikl\ f] k_\ gifm`j`fej f] k_\ JkXklkfip ;\ZcXiXk`fej8Zk#(0-'% JlYjZi`Y\[Xe[jfc\decp[\ZcXi\[Ypk_\XYfm\eXd\[`eBlXcXCldglife+DXiZ_)'('% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik KXe^NXe:_\\ 9\]fi\d\1 :fdd`jj`fe]fiFXk_ 38 8l[`kfijËI\gfik I\gfikfek_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj N\ _Xm\ Xl[`k\[ k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj f] :`k`YXeb 9\i_X[# n_`Z_Zfdgi`j\k_\YXcXeZ\j_\\kjXjXk*(;\Z\dY\i)''0f] k_\ >iflg Xe[ f] k_\ 9Xeb# Xe[ k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ekj# jkXk\d\ekj f] Z_Xe^\j `e \hl`kp Xe[ ZXj_ Õfn jkXk\d\ekj f] k_\ >iflg Xe[ f] k_\ 9Xeb ]fi k_\ p\Xi k_\e \e[\[# Xe[ X jlddXip f] j`^e`ÔZXek XZZflek`e^ gfc`Z`\j Xe[ fk_\i \ogcXeXkfipefk\j#Xjj\kflkfegX^\j+'kf()*% Fg`e`fe @e fli fg`e`fe# k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj _Xm\ Y\\e gifg\icp [iXnelg`eXZZfi[XeZ\n`k_=`eXeZ`XcI\gfik`e^JkXe[Xi[jXj df[`Ô\[ Yp 9Xeb E\^XiX DXcXpj`X >l`[\c`e\j Xe[ k_\ :fdgXe`\j 8Zk# (0-, `e DXcXpj`X jf Xj kf ^`m\ X kil\ Xe[ ]X`i m`\nf]k_\ÔeXeZ`Xcgfj`k`fef]k_\>iflgXe[f]k_\9XebXj f] *( ;\Z\dY\i )''0 Xe[ f] k_\`i ÔeXeZ`Xc g\i]fidXeZ\ Xe[ ZXj_Õfnj]fik_\p\Xik_\e\e[\[% I\gfikfeFk_\iC\^XcXe[I\^lcXkfipI\hl`i\d\ekj 8l[`kfijËI\jgfej`Y`c`kp Fli i\jgfej`Y`c`kp `j kf \ogi\jj Xe fg`e`fe fe k_\j\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj YXj\[ fe fli Xl[`k% N\ Zfe[lZk\[ fli Xl[`k `e XZZfi[XeZ\ n`k_ Xggifm\[ jkXe[Xi[j fe Xl[`k`e^ `e DXcXpj`X% K_fj\ jkXe[Xi[j i\hl`i\ k_Xk n\ Zfdgcp n`k_ \k_`ZXc i\hl`i\d\ekj Xe[ gcXe Xe[ g\i]fid k_\ Xl[`k kf fYkX`e i\XjfeXYc\ XjjliXeZ\ n_\k_\i k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj Xi\ ]i\\]ifddXk\i`Xcd`jjkXk\d\ek% @e XZZfi[XeZ\ n`k_ k_\ i\hl`i\d\ekj f] k_\ :fdgXe`\j 8Zk# (0-,`eDXcXpj`X#n\Xcjfi\gfikk_\]fccfn`e^1 X% @e fli fg`e`fe# k_\ XZZflek`e^ Xe[ fk_\i i\Zfi[j Xe[ k_\ i\^`jk\iji\hl`i\[Ypk_\8ZkkfY\b\gkYpk_\9XebXe[`kj jlYj`[`Xi`\j _Xm\ Y\\e gifg\icp b\gk `e XZZfi[XeZ\ n`k_ k_\gifm`j`fejf]k_\8Zk% Y% N\Xi\jXk`jÔ\[k_Xkk_\XZZflekjf]k_\jlYj`[`Xi`\jk_Xk _Xm\ Y\\e Zfejfc`[Xk\[ n`k_ k_\ 9XebËj ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekjXi\`e]fidXe[Zfek\ekXggifgi`Xk\Xe[gifg\i ]fi k_\ gligfj\j f] k_\ gi\gXiXk`fe f] k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekjf]k_\>iflgXe[n\_Xm\i\Z\`m\[jXk`j]XZkfip `e]fidXk`fe Xe[ \ogcXeXk`fej i\hl`i\[ Yp lj ]fi k_fj\ gligfj\j% Z% Fli Xl[`k i\gfikj fe k_\ XZZflekj f] k_\ jlYj`[`Xi`\j [`[ efk ZfekX`e Xep hlXc`ÔZXk`fe fi Xep X[m\ij\ Zfdd\ek dX[\le[\iJ\Zk`fe(.+* f]k_\8Zk% Fk_\iDXkk\ij 8e Xl[`k `emfcm\j g\i]fid`e^ gifZ\[li\j kf fYkX`e Xl[`k \m`[\eZ\ XYflk k_\ Xdflekj Xe[ [`jZcfjli\j `e k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj%K_\gifZ\[li\jj\c\Zk\[[\g\e[feflial[^d\ek# `eZcl[`e^ k_\ Xjj\jjd\ek f] i`jbj f] dXk\i`Xc d`jjkXk\d\ek f] k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj# n_\k_\i [l\ kf ]iXl[ fi \iifi% @e dXb`e^ k_fj\ i`jb Xjj\jjd\ekj# n\ Zfej`[\i `ek\ieXc Zfekifc i\c\mXekkfk_\9XebËjgi\gXiXk`feXe[]X`igi\j\ekXk`fef]k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj `e fi[\i kf [\j`^e Xl[`k gifZ\[li\j k_Xk Xi\ Xggifgi`Xk\ `e k_\ Z`iZldjkXeZ\j# Ylk efk ]fi k_\ gligfj\ f] \ogi\jj`e^ Xe fg`e`fe fe k_\ \]]\Zk`m\e\jj f] k_\ 9XebËj `ek\ieXc Zfekifc% 8e Xl[`k Xcjf `eZcl[\j \mXclXk`e^ k_\ Xggifgi`Xk\e\jj f] XZZflek`e^ gfc`Z`\j lj\[ Xe[ k_\ i\XjfeXYc\e\jjf]XZZflek`e^\jk`dXk\jdX[\Ypk_\;`i\Zkfij# Xj n\cc Xj \mXclXk`e^ k_\ fm\iXcc gi\j\ekXk`fe f] k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj% K_`j i\gfik `j dX[\ jfc\cp kf k_\ d\dY\ij f] k_\ 9Xeb# Xj X Yf[p# `e XZZfi[XeZ\ n`k_ J\Zk`fe (.+ f] k_\ :fdgXe`\j 8Zk# (0-,`eDXcXpj`XXe[]fieffk_\igligfj\%N\[fefkXjjld\ i\jgfej`Y`c`kp kf Xep fk_\i g\ijfe ]fi k_\ Zfek\ek f] k_`j i\gfik% BGD> 8ggifmXcEldY\i1)))0&'+&()A :_Xik\i\[8ZZflekXekj :_Xik\i\[8ZZflekXek N\ Y\c`\m\ k_Xk k_\ Xl[`k \m`[\eZ\ n\ _Xm\ fYkX`e\[ `j jl]ÔZ`\ek Xe[ Xggifgi`Xk\ kf gifm`[\ X YXj`j ]fi fli Xl[`k fg`e`fe% B_Xn?fZb?f\ =`idEldY\i18='.,/ G\kXc`e^AXpX# ;Xk\1+DXiZ_)'(' :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik ;`i\ZkfijËI\jgfej`Y`c`kp]fik_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj K_\ ;`i\Zkfij f] k_\ 9Xeb Xi\ i\jgfej`Yc\ ]fi k_\ gi\gXiXk`fe Xe[ ]X`i gi\j\ekXk`fe f] k_\j\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj `e XZZfi[XeZ\n`k_=`eXeZ`XcI\gfik`e^JkXe[Xi[jXjdf[`Ô\[Yp 9XebE\^XiXDXcXpj`X>l`[\c`e\jXe[k_\:fdgXe`\j8Zk#(0-, `eDXcXpj`X%K_`ji\jgfej`Y`c`kp`eZcl[\j1[\j`^e`e^#`dgc\d\ek`e^ Xe[ dX`ekX`e`e^ `ek\ieXc Zfekifc i\c\mXek kf k_\ gi\gXiXk`fe Xe[]X`igi\j\ekXk`fef]ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekjk_XkXi\]i\\]ifd dXk\i`Xc d`jjkXk\d\ek# n_\k_\i [l\ kf ]iXl[ fi \iifi2 j\c\Zk`e^ Xe[ Xggcp`e^ Xggifgi`Xk\ XZZflek`e^ gfc`Z`\j2 Xe[ dXb`e^ XZZflek`e^ \jk`dXk\j k_Xk Xi\ i\XjfeXYc\ `e k_\ Z`iZldjkXeZ\j% 39 9XcXeZ\J_\\kj 8k*(;\Z\dY\i)''0 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 8jj\kj 40 Cash and short term funds Deposits and placements with banks and other financial institutions Securities purchased under resale agreements Securities held-for-trading Securities available-for-sale Securities held-to-maturity Loans, advances and financing Other assets Statutory deposits with Bank Negara Malaysia Deferred tax assets Investments in subsidiary companies Property, plant and equipment Efk\ >iflg )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 3 10,713,979 12,384,425 10,713,959 12,384,405 4 1,328,452 2,655,452 1,328,452 2,655,452 5 6 7 8 10 2,326,772 5,352,684 7,499 18,497,072 1,066,002 125,771 3,183,108 5,291,218 7,499 19,848,830 2,054,554 2,326,772 5,352,684 7,499 18,497,072 1,066,002 125,771 3,183,108 5,291,218 7,499 19,848,830 2,054,554 11 12 5,200 37,463 508,292 22,503 5,200 37,463 508,292 22,503 13 14 62,664 54,834 20 62,664 20 54,834 39,397,787 46,136,486 39,397,787 46,136,486 15 29,829,083 29,589,640 29,829,083 29,589,640 16 3,694,910 48,010 2,150,482 400,000 9,602,856 42,269 3,146,546 400,000 3,694,910 48,010 2,150,482 400,000 9,602,856 42,269 3,146,546 400,000 36,122,485 42,781,311 36,122,485 42,781,311 KfkXcXjj\kj C`XY`c`k`\jXe[\hl`kp Deposits from customers Deposits and placements of banks and other financial institutions Bills and acceptances payable Other liabilities Subordinated loan 17 18 KfkXcc`XY`c`k`\j J_Xi\ZXg`kXc 19 121,697 121,697 121,697 121,697 I\j\im\j 20 3,153,605 3,233,478 3,153,605 3,233,478 3,275,302 3,355,175 3,275,302 3,355,175 39,397,787 46,136,486 39,397,787 46,136,486 84,500,577 102,128,524 84,500,577 102,128,524 KfkXc\hl`kp KfkXcc`XY`c`k`\jXe[\hl`kp F]]$YXcXeZ\j_\\k\ogfjli\j 36(e) K_\efk\jfegX^\j+,kf()*Xi\Xe`ek\^iXcgXikf]k_\j\]`eXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj% @eZfd\JkXk\d\ekj =fiK_\P\Xi<e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0 Efk\ >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' I\m\el\ 2(b) 2,320,317 2,901,805 @ek\i\jk`eZfd\ @ek\i\jk\og\ej\ 22 23 1,706,197 (474,556) 2,167,803 (949,778) E\k`ek\i\jk`eZfd\ E\k@jcXd`ZYXeb`e^fg\iXk`e^`eZfd\ Fk_\ifg\iXk`e^`eZfd\ 38(o) 24 1,231,641 58,611 555,509 1,218,025 45,210 688,792 Fg\iXk`e^`eZfd\ Fk_\ifg\iXk`e^\og\ej\j 25 1,845,761 (769,028) 1,952,027 (782,121) Gif]`kY\]fi\cfXecfjjXccfnXeZ\ 8ccfnXeZ\]ficfjj\jfecfXejXe[]`eXeZ`e^ 26 1,076,733 (181,059) 1,169,906 (131,683) Gif]`kY\]fi\kXoXk`fe KXoXk`fe 27 895,674 (221,449) 1,038,223 (265,823) 674,225 772,400 554 635 Gif]`kX]k\ikXoXk`fe <Xie`e^jg\ij_Xi\$YXj`Zj\e 28 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 41 K_\efk\jfegX^\j+,kf()*Xi\Xe`ek\^iXcgXikf]k_\j\]`eXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj% JkXk\d\ekjF]:_Xe^\j@e<hl`kp =fiK_\P\Xi<e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik >iflgXe[9Xeb J_Xi\ ZXg`kXc IDË''' Efe$[`jki`YlkXYc\ ;`jki`YlkXYc\ J_Xi\ JkXklkfip =X`imXcl\ I\kX`e\[ gi\d`ld i\j\im\ i\j\im\ gif]`kj IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' 8k(AXelXip)''/ Net profit for the year Unrealised net gain on revaluation of securities available-for-sale 121,697 - 380,303 - 121,697 - (2,773) - - - - At 31 December 2008/1 January 2009 Net profit for the year Unrealised net loss on revaluation of securities available-for-sale Dividend paid 121,697 - 380,303 - 121,697 At 31 December 2009 Efk\ 29 KfkXc i\j\im\j IDË''' KfkXc IDË''' 1,895,500 772,400 2,394,727 772,400 2,516,424 772,400 66,351 - 66,351 66,351 121,697 - 63,578 - 2,667,900 674,225 3,233,478 674,225 3,355,175 674,225 - - (54,098) - (700,000) (54,098) (700,000) (54,098) (700,000) 380,303 121,697 9,480 2,642,125 3,153,605 3,275,302 Note 19 42 K_\efk\jfegX^\j+,kf()*Xi\Xe`ek\^iXcgXikf]k_\j\]`eXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj% Note 20 :Xj_=cfnJkXk\d\ekj Cash flows from operating activities Profit before taxation Adjustments for: Amortisation of premium less accretion of discount of securities available-for-sale Allowance for bad and doubtful debts (net of write-back) Reversal of profit equalisation reserve Depreciation Dividends from unquoted investment securities Unrealised loss/(gain) from revaluation of securities held-for-trading Gain from disposal of securities available-for-sale Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment written off Operating profit before changes in operating assets Changes in working capital: Deposits and placements with banks and other financial institutions Securities purchased under resale agreements Securities held-for-trading Loans, advances and financing Other assets Statutory deposit with Bank Negara Malaysia Deposits from customers Deposits and placements of banks and other financial institutions >iflg )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 895,674 1,038,223 895,674 1,038,223 6,871 (8,449) 6,871 (8,449) 181,059 (1,002) 32,468 (25) 131,683 (804) 27,044 (1,719) 181,059 (1,002) 32,468 (25) 131,683 (804) 27,044 (1,719) 17,492 (57,240) 277 - (23,228) (19,255) 227 316 17,492 (57,240) 277 - (23,228) (19,255) 227 316 1,075,574 1,144,038 1,075,574 1,144,038 1,327,000 125,771 838,844 1,170,699 988,552 503,092 239,443 (1,060,276) 319,698 (1,807,139) 523,700 (820,232) 337,116 918,244 1,327,000 125,771 838,844 1,170,699 988,552 503,092 239,443 (1,060,276) 319,698 (1,807,139) 523,700 (820,232) 337,116 918,244 (5,907,946) (1,695,897) (5,907,946) (1,695,897) :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik =fiK_\P\Xi<e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0 43 :Xj_=cfnJkXk\d\ekj =fiK_\P\Xi<e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Cash flows from operating activities (continued) Changes in working capital: (continued) Bills and acceptances payable Recourse obligations on loans sold to Cagamas Other liabilities 44 >iflg )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 5,741 (919,487) (54,785) (423,529) 709,777 5,741 (919,487) (54,785) (423,529) 709,777 Cash used in operating activities Income taxes paid (552,717) (292,774) (1,909,285) (165,910) (552,717) (292,774) (1,909,285) (165,910) Net cash used in operating activities (845,491) (2,075,195) (845,491) (2,075,195) 25 (43,381) 1,719 (12,522) 25 (43,381) 1,719 (12,522) 2,806 (6,723,143) 260,000 2,328 (8,894,423) 1,422,810 2,806 (6,723,143) 260,000 2,328 (8,894,423) 1,422,810 6,378,738 5,195,426 6,378,738 5,195,426 (124,955) (2,284,662) (124,955) (2,284,662) Cash flows from investing activities Dividend from investment securities Purchase of property, plant and equipment Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment Purchase of securities available-for-sale Redemption of securities available-for-sale Proceeds from disposal of securities available-for-sale Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activity Dividend paid to shareholders Net cash used in financing activity (700,000) - (700,000) - (700,000) - (700,000) - Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (1,670,446) (4,359,857) (1,670,446) (4,359,857) Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January 12,384,425 16,744,282 12,384,405 16,744,262 Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December (Note 3) 10,713,979 12,384,425 10,713,959 12,384,405 K_\efk\jfegX^\j+,kf()*Xi\Xe`ek\^iXcgXikf]k_\j\]`eXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj% :`k`YXeb 9\i_X[ `j X glYc`Z c`d`k\[ c`XY`c`kp ZfdgXep# `eZfigfiXk\[Xe[[fd`Z`c\[`eDXcXpj`X%K_\X[[i\jjf]Yfk_`kj gi`eZ`gXcgcXZ\f]Ylj`e\jjXe[i\^`jk\i\[f]ÔZ\f]k_\9Xeb`j Xj]fccfnj1 +,k_=cffi#D\eXiX:`k`YXeb (-,AXcXe8dgXe^ ,'+,'BlXcXCldgli K_\Zfejfc`[Xk\[ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekjf]k_\9XebXjXkXe[]fi k_\ p\Xi \e[\[ *( ;\Z\dY\i )''0 Zfdgi`j\ k_\ 9Xeb Xe[ `kj jlYj`[`Xi`\jkf^\k_\ii\]\ii\[kfXjk_\>iflg % K_\ 9Xeb `j gi`eZ`gXccp \e^X^\[ `e YXeb`e^ Xe[ i\cXk\[ ÔeXeZ`Xc j\im`Z\j k_Xk Xcjf `eZcl[\ @jcXd`Z 9Xeb`e^ Ylj`e\jj n_`cjk k_\ gi`eZ`gXc XZk`m`k`\j f] k_\ jlYj`[`Xi`\j Xi\ Xj jkXk\[ `eEfk\(*kfk_\ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj% K_\ `dd\[`Xk\ _fc[`e^ ZfdgXep `j :`k`^iflg ?fc[`e^j J`e^Xgfi\ Gk\%Ck[%#XZfdgXep`eZfigfiXk\[`eJ`e^Xgfi\Xe[ k_\ lck`dXk\ _fc[`e^ ZfdgXep `j :`k`^iflg @eZ%# X ZfdgXep `eZfigfiXk\[`ek_\Le`k\[JkXk\jf]8d\i`ZX% K_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj n\i\ Xggifm\[ Yp k_\ 9fXi[ f] ;`i\Zkfijfe+DXiZ_)' ( '% (% 9Xj`jf]gi\gXiXk`fe X% JkXk\d\ekf]Zfdgc`XeZ\ K_\ ]`eXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj f] k_\ >iflg Xe[ f] k_\ 9Xeb _Xm\ Y\\e gi\gXi\[ `e XZZfi[XeZ\ n`k_ =`eXeZ`Xc I\gfik`e^ JkXe[Xi[j =IJ Xj df[`]`\[ Yp 9Xeb E\^XiX DXcXpj`X >l`[\c`e\j# XZZflek`e^ gi`eZ`gc\j ^\e\iXccp XZZ\gk\[ Xe[ k_\ :fdgXe`\j 8Zk# (0-, `e DXcXpj`X% K_\ ]`eXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj Xcjf `eZfigfiXk\ k_fj\ XZk`m`k`\j i\cXk`e^kf@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^n_`Z__Xm\Y\\ele[\ikXb\e Yp k_\ 9Xeb% @jcXd`Z 9Xeb`e^ i\]\ij ^\e\iXccp kf k_\ XZZ\gkXeZ\ f] [\gfj`kj Xe[ ^iXek`e^ f] ]`eXeZ`e^ le[\i k_\J_Xi`X_gi`eZ`gc\j% K_\ >iflg Xe[ k_\ 9Xeb _Xm\ efk Xggc`\[ k_\ ]fccfn`e^ XZZflek`e^ jkXe[Xi[j# Xd\e[d\ekj Xe[ `ek\igi\kXk`fej k_Xk _Xm\ Y\\e `jjl\[ Yp k_\ DXcXpj`Xe 8ZZflek`e^ JkXe[Xi[j9fXi[D8J9 n_`Z_Xi\efkp\k\]]\Zk`m\]fi k_\>iflgXe[9Xeb1 =IJj# @ek\igi\kXk`fej Xe[ Xd\e[d\ekj \]]\Zk`m\ ]fi XeelXcg\i`f[jY\^`ee`e^fefiX]k\i(Alcp)''0 =IJ/#Fg\iXk`e^J\^d\ekj =IJj# @ek\igi\kXk`fej Xe[ Xd\e[d\ekj \]]\Zk`m\ ]fi XeelXcg\i`f[jY\^`ee`e^fefiX]k\i(AXelXip)'(' =IJ+#@ejliXeZ\:fekiXZkj =IJ.#=`eXeZ`Xc@ejkild\ekj1;`jZcfjli\j =IJ('(#Gi\j\ekXk`fef]=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj =IJ()*#9fiifn`e^:fjkji\m`j\[ =IJ (*0# =`eXeZ`Xc @ejkild\ekj1 I\Zf^e`k`fe Xe[ D\Xjli\d\ek 8d\e[d\ekjkf=IJ(#=`ijk$k`d\8[fgk`fef]=`eXeZ`Xc I\gfik`e^JkXe[Xi[jXe[=IJ().#:fejfc`[Xk\[Xe[ J\gXiXk\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj1:fjkf]Xe@em\jkd\ek `eXJlYj`[`Xip#Af`ekcpZfekifcc\[<ek`kpfi8jjfZ`Xk\ 8d\e[d\ekj kf =IJ )# J_Xi\$YXj\[ GXpd\ek1 M\jk`e^:fe[`k`fejXe[:XeZ\ccXk`fej 8d\e[d\ekj kf =IJ (*)# =`eXeZ`Xc @ejkild\ekj1 Gi\j\ekXk`feXe[=IJ('(#Gi\j\ekXk`fef]=`eXeZ`Xc JkXk\d\ekj $ GlkkXYc\ =`eXeZ`Xc @ejkild\ekj Xe[ FYc`^Xk`fe8i`j`e^feC`hl`[Xk`fe 8d\e[d\ekj kf =IJ (*0# =`eXeZ`Xc @ejkild\ekj1 I\Zf^e`k`fe Xe[ D\Xjli\d\ek# =IJ .# =`eXeZ`Xc @ejkild\ekj1 ;`jZcfjli\j Xe[ @: @ek\igi\kXk`fe 0# I\Xjj\jjd\ekf]<dY\[[\[;\i`mXk`m\j 8d\e[d\ekj kf =IJ (*0# =`eXeZ`Xc @ejkild\ekj1 I\Zf^e`k`feXe[D\Xjli\d\ek @dgifm\d\ekjkf=IJj)''0 @: @ek\igi\kXk`fe 0# I\Xjj\jjd\ek f] <dY\[[\[ ;\i`mXk`m\j @:@ek\igi\kXk`fe('#@ek\i`d=`eXeZ`XcI\gfik`e^Xe[ @dgX`id\ek @: @ek\igi\kXk`fe ((# =IJ ) $ >iflg Xe[ Ki\Xjlip J_Xi\KiXejXZk`fej @:@ek\igi\kXk`fe(*#:ljkfd\iCfpXckpGif^iXdd\j @:@ek\igi\kXk`fe(+#=IJ((0$K_\C`d`kfeX;\]`e\[ 9\e\]`k 8jj\k# D`e`dld =le[`e^ I\hl`i\d\ekj Xe[ K_\`i@ek\iXZk`fe =IJj# @ek\igi\kXk`fej Xe[ Xd\e[d\ekj \]]\Zk`m\ ]fi XeelXcg\i`f[jY\^`ee`e^fefiX]k\i(Alcp)'(' =IJ (# =`ijk$k`d\ 8[fgk`fe f] =`eXeZ`Xc I\gfik`e^ JkXe[Xi[ji\m`j\[ =IJ*#9lj`e\jj:fdY`eXk`feji\m`j\[ =IJ ().# :fejfc`[Xk\[ Xe[ J\gXiXk\ =`eXeZ`Xc JkXk\d\ekji\m`j\[ 8d\e[d\ekjkf=IJ)#J_Xi\$YXj\[GXpd\ek 8d\e[d\ekjkf=IJ,#Efe$Zlii\ek8jj\kj?\c[]fi JXc\Xe[;`jZfek`el\[Fg\iXk`fej 8d\e[d\ekjkf=IJ(*/#@ekXe^`Yc\8jj\kj @:@ek\igi\kXk`fe()#J\im`Z\:feZ\jj`fe8^i\\d\ekj @:@ek\igi\kXk`fe(,#8^i\\d\ekj]fik_\:fejkilZk`fe f]I\Xc<jkXk\ @:@ek\igi\kXk`fe(-#?\[^\jf]XE\k@em\jkd\ek`e X=fi\`^eFg\iXk`fe @:@ek\igi\kXk`fe(.#;`jki`Ylk`fef]Efe$ZXj_8jj\kj kfFne\ij 8d\e[d\ekj kf @: @ek\igi\kXk`fe 0# I\Xjj\jjd\ek f]<dY\[[\[;\i`mXk`m\j :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj 45 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj (% 9Xj`jf]gi\gXiXk`feZfek`el\[ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik K_\ 9Xeb gcXej kf Xggcp k_\ XYfm\ d\ek`fe\[ jkXe[Xi[j#Xd\e[d\ekjXe[`ek\igi\kXk`fej1 46 ]ifdk_\XeelXcg\i`f[Y\^`ee`e^(AXelXip)'(']fi k_fj\ jkXe[Xi[j# Xd\e[d\ekj fi `ek\igi\kXk`fej k_Xk n`cc Y\ \]]\Zk`m\ ]fi XeelXc g\i`f[j Y\^`ee`e^ fefiX]k\i(Alcp)''0fi(AXelXip)'('#\oZ\gk]fi =IJ )# =IJ +# =IJ / Xe[ @: @ek\igi\kXk`fe ( ( n_`Z_ Xi\efkXggc`ZXYc\kfk_\>iflgXe[k_\9Xeb% ]ifdk_\XeelXcg\i`f[Y\^`ee`e^(AXelXip)'((]fi k_fj\ jkXe[Xi[j# Xd\e[d\ekj fi `ek\igi\kXk`fej k_Xk n`cc Y\ \]]\Zk`m\ ]fi XeelXc g\i`f[j Y\^`ee`e^ fefiX]k\i(DXiZ_)'('#(Alcp)'('Xe[(AXelXip )' ( (# \oZ\gk ]fi =IJ (# 8d\e[d\ek kf =IJ )# @: @ek\igi\kXk`fe ( )# @: @ek\igi\kXk`fe ( , Xe[ @: @ek\igi\kXk`fe (- n_`Z_ Xi\ efk Xggc`ZXYc\ kf k_\ >iflgXe[k_\9Xeb% K_\`e`k`XcXggc`ZXk`fef]XjkXe[Xi[#XeXd\e[d\ekfi Xe`ek\igi\kXk`fe#n_`Z_n`ccY\Xggc`\[gifjg\Zk`m\cp#`j efk\og\Zk\[kf_Xm\XepÔeXeZ`Xc`dgXZkkfk_\Zlii\ek Xe[ gi`fi g\i`f[j ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj lgfe k_\`i Ôijk X[fgk`fe% K_\ `dgXZkj Xe[ [`jZcfjli\j Xj i\hl`i\[ Yp =IJ ('/%*'Y # 8ZZflek`e^ Gfc`Z`\j# :_Xe^\j `e 8ZZflek`e^ <jk`dXk\jXe[<iifij#`ei\jg\Zkf]Xggcp`e^=IJ.Xe[ =IJ(*0Xi\efk[`jZcfj\[Ypm`ikl\f]k_\\o\dgk`fej ^`m\e`ek_\j\i\jg\Zk`m\=IJj% Fe)'FZkfY\i)''/#9ED_X[`jjl\[XZ`iZlcXij\kk`e^ flk k_\ c`d`k\[ Z`iZldjkXeZ\j `e n_`Z_ YXeb`e^ `ejk`klk`fejXi\Xccfn\[kfi\ZcXjj`]pÔeXeZ`Xc`ejkild\ekj Zlii\ekcp _\c[ `e k_\ j\Zli`k`\j _\c[$]fi$kiX[`e^ gfik]fc`f `ekf k_\ j\Zli`k`\j XmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ Xe[ j\Zli`k`\j _\c[$kf$dXkli`kpgfik]fc`fj% K_`j XccfnXeZ\ ]fi i\ZcXjj`ÔZXk`fe `j fecp \]]\Zk`m\ ]fi k_\ g\i`f[ ]ifd ( Alcp )''/ kf *( ;\Z\dY\i )''0% ;li`e^k_\ÔeXeZ`Xcp\Xi\e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0#k_\ >iflg Xe[ k_\ 9Xeb _Xm\ efk i\ZcXjj`Ô\[ Xep j\Zli`k`\j% Y% 9Xj`jf]d\Xjli\d\ek K_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj _Xm\ Y\\e gi\gXi\[ fe k_\ _`jkfi`ZXcZfjkYXj`j\oZ\gk]fik_\]fccfn`e^Xjj\kjXe[ c`XY`c`k`\j Xj \ogcX`e\[ `e k_\`i i\jg\Zk`m\ XZZflek`e^ gfc`Zpefk\j1 `% ``% k_\ d\Xjli\d\ek f] k_\ j\Zli`k`\j _\c[$]fi$kiX[`e^ Xe[ j\Zli`k`\j XmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ Xk k_\`i ]X`i mXcl\j j\\Efk\)^ 2Xe[ k_\d\Xjli\d\ekf][\i`mXk`m\ÔeXeZ`Xc`ejkild\ekj Xk]X`imXcl\jj\\Efk\)k % Z% =leZk`feXcXe[gi\j\ekXk`fef]Zlii\eZp K_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj Xi\ gi\j\ek\[ `e I`e^^`k DXcXpj`X ID # n_`Z_ `j k_\ 9XebËj ]leZk`feXc Zlii\eZp% 8cc ÔeXeZ`Xc `e]fidXk`fe gi\j\ek\[ `e ID _Xj Y\\e ifle[\[ kf k_\ e\Xi\jk k_fljXe[# lec\jj fk_\in`j\ jkXk\[% [% Lj\f]\jk`dXk\jXe[al[^\d\ekj K_\ gi\gXiXk`fe f] ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj i\hl`i\j dXeX^\d\ek kf dXb\ al[^\d\ekj# \jk`dXk\j Xe[ Xjjldgk`fej k_Xk X]]\Zk k_\ Xggc`ZXk`fe f] XZZflek`e^ gfc`Z`\j Xe[ k_\ i\gfik\[ Xdflekj f] Xjj\kj# c`XY`c`k`\j# `eZfd\ Xe[ \og\ej\j% 8ZklXc i\jlckj dXp [`]]\i ]ifd k_\j\\jk`dXk\j% <jk`dXk\j Xe[ le[\icp`e^ Xjjldgk`fej Xi\ i\m`\n\[ fe Xefe^f`e^YXj`j%I\m`j`fejkfXZZflek`e^\jk`dXk\jXi\ i\Zf^e`j\[`ek_\g\i`f[`en_`Z_k_\\jk`dXk\`ji\m`j\[ Xe[`eXep]lkli\g\i`f[jX]]\Zk\[% _\i\Xi\efj`^e`ÔZXekXi\Xjf]\jk`dXk`feleZ\ikX`ekp K Xe[ Zi`k`ZXc al[^d\ekj `e Xggcp`e^ XZZflek`e^ gfc`Z`\j k_Xk _Xm\ j`^e`ÔZXek \]]\Zk fe k_\ Xdflekj i\Zf^e`j\[ `ek_\ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekjfk_\ik_Xek_fj\[`jZcfj\[`e k_\]fccfn`e^efk\j1 Efk\ )\ $ 8ccfnXeZ\ ]fi YX[ Xe[ [flYk]lc [\Ykj Xe[ÔeXeZ`e^ Efk\ )k $ =X`i mXcl\ \jk`dXk`fe ]fi [\i`mXk`m\ ÔeXeZ`XcXjj\kjXe[c`XY`c`k`\j Efk\)($8ZklXi`XcmXclXk`fe]fi\dgcfp\\Y\e\Ôkj Efk\ *.Z $ =X`i mXcl\ \jk`dXk`fe ]fi j\Zli`k`\j _\c[$]fi$kiX[`e^Xe[j\Zli`k`\jXmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj K_\ XZZflek`e^ gfc`Z`\j j\k flk Y\cfn _Xm\ Y\\e Xggc`\[ Zfej`jk\ekcp kf k_\ g\i`f[j gi\j\ek\[ `e k_\ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekjYpk_\>iflgXe[k_\9Xeb% X% 9Xj`jf]Zfejfc`[Xk`fe `% JlYj`[`Xi`\j JlYj`[`Xi`\j Xi\ \ek`k`\j# `eZcl[`e^ le`eZfigfiXk\[ \ek`k`\j# Zfekifcc\[ Yp k_\ >iflg% :fekifc \o`jkj n_\ek_\>iflg_Xjk_\XY`c`kpkf\o\iZ`j\`kjgfn\i kf^fm\iek_\ÔeXeZ`XcXe[fg\iXk`e^gfc`Z`\jf]Xe \ek`kpjfXjkffYkX`eY\e\Ôkj]ifd`kjXZk`m`k`\j%@e Xjj\jj`e^ Zfekifc# gfk\ek`Xc mfk`e^ i`^_kj k_Xk gi\j\ekcp Xi\ \o\iZ`jXYc\ Xi\ kXb\e `ekf XZZflek% JlYj`[`Xi`\j Xi\ Zfejfc`[Xk\[ lj`e^ k_\ gliZ_Xj\ d\k_f[f]XZZflek`e^% [% I\Zf^e`k`fef]]\\jXe[fk_\i`eZfd\ CfXeXiiXe^\d\ek]\\jXe[Zfdd`jj`fejXi\i\Zf^e`j\[ Xj`eZfd\n_\eXccZfe[`k`fejgi\Z\[\ekXi\]lcÔcc\[% :fdd`kd\ek ]\\j Xe[ ^lXiXek\\ ]\\j n_`Z_ Xi\ dXk\i`Xc Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ Xj `eZfd\ YXj\[ fe k`d\ Xggfik`fed\ek% ;`m`[\e[j ]ifd j\Zli`k`\j# `] Xep# Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ n_\e k_\i`^_kkfi\Z\`m\k_\gXpd\ek`j\jkXYc`j_\[% \% 8ccfnXeZ\]fiYX[Xe[[flYk]lc[\YkjXe[ÔeXeZ`e^ CfXej# X[mXeZ\j Xe[ ÔeXeZ`e^ Xi\ jkXk\[ Xk Zfjk c\jj XepXccfnXeZ\]fiYX[Xe[[flYk]lc[\YkjXe[ÔeXeZ`e^% Jg\Z`ÔZ XccfnXeZ\j Xi\ dX[\ ]fi [flYk]lc [\Ykj Xe[ ÔeXeZ`e^ n_`Z_ _Xj Y\\e `e[`m`[lXccp i\m`\n\[ Xe[ jg\Z`ÔZXccp`[\ek`Ô\[XjYX[fi[flYk]lc% Le[\i k_\ gliZ_Xj\ d\k_f[ f] XZZflek`e^# k_\ ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekjf]jlYj`[`Xi`\jXi\`eZcl[\[`ek_\ Zfejfc`[Xk\[ ÔeXeZ`Xc jkXk\d\ekj ]ifd k_\ [Xk\ k_Xk ZfekifcZfdd\eZ\jlek`ck_\[Xk\k_XkZfekifcZ\Xj\j% 8^\e\iXcXccfnXeZ\YXj\[feXg\iZ\ekX^\f]k_\cfXe# X[mXeZ\j Xe[ ÔeXeZ`e^ gfik]fc`f `j Xcjf dX[\ kf Zfm\i gfjj`Yc\cfjj\jk_XkXi\efkjg\Z`ÔZXccp`[\ek`Ô\[% 8eleZfcc\Zk`Yc\cfXeXe[ÔeXeZ`e^figfik`fef]XcfXe Xe[ÔeXeZ`e^ZcXjj`Ô\[XjYX[`jni`kk\ef]]X]k\ikXb`e^ `ekf Zfej`[\iXk`fe k_\ i\Xc`jXYc\ mXcl\ f] ZfccXk\iXc# `] Xep#n_\e`ek_\al[^d\ekf]k_\dXeX^\d\ek#k_\i\`j efgifjg\Zkf]i\Zfm\ip% MXcl\j Xjj`^e\[ kf ZfccXk\iXc _\c[ ]fi efe$g\i]fid`e^ cfXej j\Zli\[ Yp gifg\ik`\j Xi\ [\k\id`e\[ YXj\[ fe k_\i\Xc`jXYc\mXcl\jf]k_\gifg\ik`\j#Y\`e^k_\]fiZ\[ jXc\ mXcl\ gifm`[\[ Yp `e[\g\e[\ek gXik`\j&mXcl\ij% Ef mXcl\ `j Xjj`^e\[ kf k_\ i\Xc`jXYc\ mXcl\ f] k_\ gifg\ik`\j _\c[ Xj ZfccXk\iXc ]fi efe$g\i]fid`e^ cfXej n_`Z_Xi\`eXii\Xij]fidfi\k_XeÔm\, p\Xij% @em\jkd\ekj`ejlYj`[`Xi`\jXi\jkXk\[`ek_\9XebËj YXcXeZ\j_\\kXkZfjkc\jjXep`dgX`id\ekcfjj\j% ``% KiXejXZk`fej\c`d`eXk\[feZfejfc`[Xk`fe @ekiX$^iflg YXcXeZ\j Xe[ kiXejXZk`fej# Xe[ Xep lei\Xc`j\[ `eZfd\ Xe[ \og\ej\j Xi`j`e^ ]ifd `ekiX$^iflgkiXejXZk`fej#Xi\\c`d`eXk\[`egi\gXi`e^ k_\Zfejfc`[Xk\[ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj% Y% I\m\el\ I\m\el\ Zfdgi`j\j f] ^ifjj `ek\i\jk `eZfd\# Zfdd`jj`fe Xe[ fk_\i `eZfd\ [\i`m\[ ]ifd YXeb`e^ fg\iXk`fej% Z% @eZfd\i\Zf^e`k`fe @eZfd\`ji\Zf^e`j\[feXeXZZilXcYXj`j%@ek\i\jk`eZfd\ fe_flj`e^Xe[k\idcfXej`ji\Zf^e`j\[Ypi\]\i\eZ\kf i\jkg\i`f[jk_XkXi\\`k_\i[X`cpfidfek_cp%@ec`e\n`k_ k_\ ^l`[\c`e\j j\k Yp 9Xeb E\^XiX DXcXpj`X Xe[ `e XZZfi[XeZ\ n`k_ k_\ \jkXYc`j_\[ giXZk`Z\ f] k_\ 9Xeb# n_\i\ Xep X[mXeZ\ `j `e Xii\Xij ]fi dfi\ k_Xe k_i\\ dfek_j X]k\i [l\ [Xk\ ]fi cfXej Xe[ fm\i[iX]kj# Xe[ n_\i\k_\`ejkild\ek`j[l\Xe[legX`[fe\dfek_X]k\i dXkli`kp [Xk\ ]fi kiX[\ Y`ccj# YXeb\ijË XZZ\gkXeZ\j Xe[ kiljki\Z\`gkj#fin_\i\[flYkXjkfk_\i\Zfm\iXY`c`kpf] Xe X[mXeZ\ \o`jkj# k_\ cfXej Xi\ ZcXjj`Ô\[ Xj efe$g\i]fid`e^%K_\`ek\i\jkfek_\\ek`i\jlZ_X[mXeZ\ `jj\k$f]]X^X`ejkk_\XZZil\[`ek\i\jki\Z\`mXYc\XZZflek `e k_\ YXcXeZ\ j_\\kj Xe[ `j i\Zf^e`j\[ fecp `e k_\ p\Xi n_\e`k`ji\Zfm\i\[%K_\gfc`Zpfejljg\ej`fef]`ek\i\jk `j dfi\ jki`e^\ek k_Xe 9Xeb E\^XiX DXcXpj`XËj i\m`j\[ È>l`[\c`e\ fe k_\ Jljg\ej`fe f] @ek\i\jk fe Efe$G\i]fid`e^ CfXej Xe[ Gifm`j`fe ]fi 9X[ Xe[ ;flYk]lc;\Ykj#9ED&>G*ÉI\m`j\[ % K_\ 9XebËj XccfnXeZ\ ]fi efe$g\i]fid`e^ [\Ykj Xe[ ÔeXeZ`e^`j`eZfe]fid`kpn`k_k_\i\hl`i\d\ekjf]9Xeb E\^XiXDXcXpj`XËjI\m`j\[È>l`[\c`e\jfek_\Jljg\ej`fe f] @ek\i\jk fe Efe$G\i]fid`e^ CfXej Xe[ Gifm`j`fe ]fi 9X[Xe[;flYk]lc;\Ykj#9ED&>G*ÉI\m`j\[ % ]% I\gliZ_Xj\X^i\\d\ek J\Zli`k`\j gliZ_Xj\[ le[\i i\jXc\ X^i\\d\ekj Xi\ j\Zli`k`\j n_`Z_ k_\ 9Xeb _X[ gliZ_Xj\[ n`k_ X Zfdd`kd\ek kf i\j\cc Xk ]lkli\ [Xk\j% K_\ Zfdd`kd\ek kf i\j\cc k_\ j\Zli`k`\j `j i\Õ\Zk\[ Xj Xe Xjj\k fe k_\ YXcXeZ\j_\\kj% :fem\ij\cp# fYc`^Xk`fej fe j\Zli`k`\j jfc[ le[\i i\gliZ_Xj\ X^i\\d\ekj Xi\ j\Zli`k`\j n_`Z_ k_\ 9Xeb _Xj jfc[ ]ifd `kj gfik]fc`f# n`k_ X Zfdd`kd\ek kf i\gliZ_Xj\Xk]lkli\[Xk\j%JlZ_ÔeXeZ`e^kiXejXZk`fej Xe[ k_\ fYc`^Xk`fej kf i\gliZ_Xj\ k_\ j\Zli`k`\j Xi\ i\Õ\Zk\[XjXc`XY`c`kpfek_\YXcXeZ\j_\\kj% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik )% J`^e`ÔZXekXZZflek`e^gfc`Z`\j 47 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )% J`^e`ÔZXekXZZflek`e^gfc`Z`\jZfek`el\[ @ek\i\jk ]ifd k_\ XmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ j\Zli`k`\j `eZcl[`e^q\ifZflgfe[\Yk`ejkild\ekj ZXcZlcXk\[ lj`e^k_\\]]\Zk`m\`ek\i\jkd\k_f[#`ji\Zf^e`j\[`e `eZfd\jkXk\d\ek% ^% J\Zli`k`\j K_\_fc[`e^f]k_\j\Zli`k`\jgfik]fc`ff]k_\>iflgXe[ f] k_\ 9Xeb Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ fe k_\ ]fccfn`e^ ZXk\^fi`\j Xe[mXclXk`fed\k_f[j1 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik `% 48 J\Zli`k`\j_\c[$]fi$kiX[`e^ J\Zli`k`\j Xi\ ZcXjj`Ô\[ Xj _\c[$]fi$kiX[`e^ `] k_\p Xi\ XZhl`i\[ fi `eZlii\[ gi`eZ`gXccp ]fi k_\ gligfj\ f]j\cc`e^fii\gliZ_Xj`e^k_\d`ek_\e\Xik\id#fi k_\p Xi\ gXik f] X gfik]fc`f f] `[\ek`Ô\[ j\Zli`k`\j k_Xkk_\9XebdXeX^\jkf^\k_\iXe[]fin_`Z_k_\i\ `j \m`[\eZ\ f] X i\Z\ek XZklXc gXkk\ie f] j_fik$k\id gifÔk$kXb`e^%J\Zli`k`\jZcXjj`Ô\[Xj_\c[$]fi$kiX[`e^ Xi\ jkXk\[ Xk ]X`i mXcl\ Xe[ Xep ^X`ej fi cfjj\j Xi`j`e^ ]ifd X Z_Xe^\ `e k_\ ]X`i mXcl\ Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek% Ef j\Zli`kp `j i\ZcXjj`Ô\[ `ekf fi flk f] k_\ _\c[$]fi$kiX[`e^ ZXk\^fip n_`c\ `k `j _\c[% @ek\i\jk ]ifd k_\ _\c[$]fi$ kiX[`e^ j\Zli`k`\j `eZcl[`e^ q\if Zflgfe [\Yk `ejkild\ekj ZXcZlcXk\[ lj`e^ k_\ \]]\Zk`m\ `ek\i\jk d\k_f[#`ji\Zf^e`j\[`e`eZfd\jkXk\d\ek% ``% J\Zli`k`\j_\c[$kf$dXkli`kp J\Zli`k`\j _\c[$kf$dXkli`kp Xi\ j\Zli`k`\j n`k_ Ôo\[ fi [\k\id`eXYc\ gXpd\ekj Xe[ Ôo\[ dXkli`kp k_Xk k_\ 9Xeb _Xj k_\ gfj`k`m\ `ek\ek`fe Xe[ XY`c`kp kf _fc[ kf dXkli`kp% Lehlfk\[ j_Xi\j `e fi^Xe`jXk`fej j\k lg ]fi jfZ`f$\Zfefd`Z gligfj\j Xe[ \hl`kp `ejkild\ekji\Z\`m\[XjXi\jlckf]cfXei\jkilZkli`e^ fi cfXe Zfem\ij`fe n_`Z_ [f efk _Xm\ X hlfk\[ dXib\k gi`Z\ `e Xe XZk`m\ dXib\k Xe[ n_fj\ ]X`i mXcl\ ZXeefk Y\ i\c`XYcp d\Xjli\[# `] Xep# Xi\ Xcjf ZcXjj`Ô\[Xjj\Zli`k`\j_\c[$kf$dXkli`kp% K_\ j\Zli`k`\j _\c[$kf$dXkli`kp Xi\ d\Xjli\[ Xk XZZi\k\[&Xdfik`j\[ Zfjk YXj\[ fe k_\ \]]\Zk`m\ p`\c[ d\k_f[% 8dfik`jXk`fe f] gi\d`ld# XZZi\k`fe f][`jZflekXe[`dgX`id\ekcfjjXjn\ccXj^X`efi cfjj Xi`j`e^ ]ifd [\i\Zf^e`k`fe f] j\Zli`k`\j _\c[$kf$dXkli`kp Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek% ```% J\Zli`k`\jXmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ 8mX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ j\Zli`k`\j Xi\ j\Zli`k`\j k_Xk Xi\ efkZcXjj`Ô\[Xj_\c[$]fi$kiX[`e^fi_\c[$kf$dXkli`kp# Xe[ Xi\ d\Xjli\[ Xk ]X`i mXcl\% @em\jkd\ekj `e \hl`kp `ejkild\ekj k_Xk [f efk _Xm\ X hlfk\[ dXib\k gi`Z\ `e Xe XZk`m\ dXib\k Xe[ n_fj\ ]X`i mXcl\ ZXeefk Y\ i\c`XYcp d\Xjli\[ n`cc Y\ jkXk\[ Xk Zfjk% Lei\Xc`j\[ ^X`ej fi cfjj\j Xi`j`e^ ]ifd X Z_Xe^\ `e k_\ ]X`i mXcl\ f] j\Zli`k`\j XmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ [`i\Zkcp `e \hl`kp# e\k f] Xggc`ZXYc\ kXo\j# \oZ\gk ]fi `dgX`id\ek cfjj\j Xe[ ]fi\`^e \oZ_Xe^\^X`ejXe[cfjj\j#n_`Z_n`ccY\i\Zf^e`j\[ `ek_\`eZfd\jkXk\d\ek% _% :Xj_Xe[ZXj_\hl`mXc\ekj :Xj_ Xe[ ZXj_ \hl`mXc\ekj Zfej`jk f] ZXj_ Xe[ YXeb YXcXeZ\j Xe[ j_fik k\id ]le[j k_Xk Xi\ i\X[`cp Zfem\ik`Yc\ kf befne Xdflekj f] ZXj_ Xe[ n_`Z_ Xi\ jlYa\Zk kf Xe `ej`^e`ÔZXek i`jb f] Z_Xe^\ `e mXcl\# n`k_ fi`^`eXcdXkli`kpn`k_`efe\dfek_% `% Gifg\ikp#gcXekXe[\hl`gd\ekXe[[\gi\Z`Xk`fe `% I\Zf^e`k`feXe[d\Xjli\d\ek Gifg\ikp# gcXek Xe[ \hl`gd\ek Xi\ jkXk\[ Xk Zfjk c\jjXepXZZldlcXk\[[\gi\Z`Xk`feXe[XepXZZldlcXk\[ `dgX`id\ekcfjj\j% :fjk `eZcl[\j \og\e[`kli\j k_Xk Xi\ [`i\Zkcp Xkki`YlkXYc\kfk_\XZhl`j`k`fef]k_\Xjj\kXe[Xep fk_\i Zfjkj [`i\Zkcp Xkki`YlkXYc\ kf Yi`e^`e^ k_\ Xjj\k kf `kj cfZXk`fe Xe[ nfib`e^ Zfe[`k`fe ]fi `kj `ek\e[\[ lj\# Xe[ k_\ Zfjkj f] [`jdXekc`e^ Xe[ i\dfm`e^ k_\ Xjj\kj Xe[ i\jkfi`e^ k_\ j`k\ fe n_`Z_k_\pXi\cfZXk\[% _\ej`^e`ÔZXekgXikjf]Xe`k\df]gifg\ikp#gcXek N Xe[ \hl`gd\ek _Xm\ [`]]\i\ek lj\]lc c`m\j# k_\p Xi\ XZZflek\[]fiXjj\gXiXk\`k\djdXafiZfdgfe\ekj f] gifg\ikp# gcXek Xe[ \hl`gd\ek Xe[ [\gi\Z`Xk\[ j\gXiXk\cp% X`ej Xe[ cfjj\j fe [`jgfjXc f] Xe `k\d f] gifg\ikp# > gcXek Xe[ \hl`gd\ek Xi\ [\k\id`e\[ Yp ZfdgXi`e^ k_\gifZ\\[j]ifd[`jgfjXcn`k_k_\ZXiip`e^Xdflek f]gifg\ikp#gcXekXe[\hl`gd\ekXe[Xi\i\Zf^e`j\[ e\k n`k_`e Èfk_\i `eZfd\É fi Èfk_\i fg\iXk`e^ \og\ej\jÉi\jg\Zk`m\cp`ek_\`eZfd\jkXk\d\ek% ``% JlYj\hl\ekZfjkj K_\ Zfjk f] i\gcXZ`e^ gXik f] Xe `k\d f] gifg\ikp# gcXek Xe[ \hl`gd\ek `j i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\ ZXiip`e^ Xdflek f] k_\ `k\d `] `k `j gifYXYc\ k_Xk k_\ ]lkli\ \Zfefd`Z Y\e\Ôkj \dYf[`\[ n`k_`e k_\ gXik n`cc Õfnkfk_\>iflgXe[k_\9XebXe[`kjZfjkZXeY\ d\Xjli\[ i\c`XYcp% K_\ ZXiip`e^ Xdflek f] k_\ i\gcXZ\[ gXik `j [\i\Zf^e`j\[% K_\ Zfjkj f] k_\ [Xp$kf$[Xp j\im`Z`e^ f] gifg\ikp# gcXek Xe[ \hl`gd\ek Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek Xj`eZlii\[% ```% ;\gi\Z`Xk`fe ;\gi\Z`Xk`fe`ji\Zf^e`j\[`ek_\`eZfd\jkXk\d\ek fe X jkiX`^_k$c`e\ YXj`j fm\i k_\ \jk`dXk\[ lj\]lc c`m\j f] \XZ_ gXik f] Xe `k\d f] gifg\ikp# gcXek Xe[ \hl`gd\ek% C\Xj\[ Xjj\kj Xi\ [\gi\Z`Xk\[ fm\i k_\ j_fik\i f] k_\ c\Xj\ k\id Xe[ k_\`i lj\]lc c`m\j Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )% J`^e`ÔZXekXZZflek`e^gfc`Z`\jZfek`el\[ Gifg\ikp# gcXek Xe[ \hl`gd\ek Xe[ [\gi\Z`Xk`fe Zfek`el\[ lec\jj `k `j i\XjfeXYcp Z\ikX`e k_Xk k_\ >iflg Xe[ k_\ 9Xeb n`cc fYkX`e fne\ij_`g Yp k_\ \e[ f] k_\ c\Xj\k\id% K_\ \jk`dXk\[ lj\]lc c`m\j ]fi k_\ Zlii\ek Xe[ ZfdgXiXk`m\g\i`f[jXi\Xj]fccfnj1 Yl`c[`e^ +'p\Xij$,'p\Xij `ejkXccXk`fej /p\Xij$ ( +p\Xij ]lie`kli\Xe[\hl`gd\ek )p\Xij$ ( 'p\Xij ;\gi\Z`Xk`fe d\k_f[j# lj\]lc c`m\j Xe[ i\j`[lXc mXcl\jXi\i\Xjj\jj\[Xkk_\YXcXeZ\j_\\kj[Xk\% a% 8jj\kjle[\ic\Xj\ `% =`eXeZ\c\Xj\ C\Xj\j `e k\idj f] n_`Z_ k_\ >iflg fi k_\ 9Xeb Xjjld\ jlYjkXek`Xccp Xcc k_\ i`jbj Xe[ i\nXi[j f] fne\ij_`g Xi\ ZcXjj`Ô\[ Xj ÔeXeZ\ c\Xj\j% Lgfe `e`k`Xc i\Zf^e`k`fe k_\ c\Xj\[ Xjj\k `j d\Xjli\[ Xk Xe Xdflek \hlXc kf k_\ cfn\i f] gi\j\ek mXcl\ f] k_\d`e`dldc\Xj\gXpd\ekjfik_\]X`imXcl\f]k_\ c\Xj\[ Xjj\kj Xk k_\ Y\^`ee`e^ f] k_\ c\Xj\ k\idj% JlYj\hl\ek kf `e`k`Xc i\Zf^e`k`fe# k_\ Xjj\k `j XZZflek\[ ]fi `e XZZfi[XeZ\ n`k_ k_\ XZZflek`e^ gfc`Zp Xggc`ZXYc\ kf k_Xk Xjj\k% JlZ_ c\Xj\[ Xjj\kj Xi\ jlYa\Zk kf [\gi\Z`Xk`fe Zfej`jk\ek n`k_ k_Xk ]fi [\gi\Z`XYc\Xjj\kj#n_`Z_Xi\fne\[% D`e`dld c\Xj\ gXpd\ekj dX[\ le[\i ÔeXeZ\ c\Xj\j Xi\ Xggfik`fe\[ Y\kn\\e k_\ ÔeXeZ\ \og\ej\ Xe[ k_\ i\[lZk`fe f] k_\ flkjkXe[`e^ c`XY`c`kp% K_\ ÔeXeZ\ \og\ej\ `j XccfZXk\[ kf \XZ_ g\i`f[ [li`e^ k_\ c\Xj\ k\id jf Xj kf gif[lZ\ X ZfejkXek g\i`f[`Z iXk\ f] `ek\i\jk fe k_\ i\dX`e`e^ YXcXeZ\ f] k_\ c`XY`c`kp% :fek`e^\ek c\Xj\ gXpd\ekj Xi\ XZZflek\[ ]fi Yp i\m`j`e^ k_\ d`e`dld c\Xj\ gXpd\ekj fm\i k_\ i\dX`e`e^ k\id f] k_\ c\Xj\ n_\ek_\c\Xj\X[aljkd\ek`jZfeÔid\[% ``% Fg\iXk`e^c\Xj\ C\Xj\j n_\i\ k_\ >iflg [f\j efk Xjjld\ jlYjkXek`Xccp Xcc k_\ i`jbj Xe[ i\nXi[j f] k_\ fne\ij_`g Xi\ ZcXjj`Ô\[ Xj fg\iXk`e^ c\Xj\j Xe[# k_\c\Xj\[Xjj\kjXi\efki\Zf^e`j\[fek_\>iflgËj Xe[k_\9XebËjYXcXeZ\j_\\kj% C\Xj\_fc[ cXe[ k_Xk efidXccp _Xj Xe `e[\Ôe`k\ \Zfefd`Zc`]\Xe[k`kc\`jefk\og\Zk\[kfgXjjkfk_\ c\jj\\Ypk_\\e[f]k_\c\Xj\k\id`jki\Xk\[XjXe fg\iXk`e^c\Xj\%K_\gXpd\ekdX[\fe\ek\i`e^`ekf fi XZhl`i`e^ X c\Xj\_fc[ cXe[ `j XZZflek\[ ]fi Xj gi\gX`[c\Xj\gXpd\ekj% b% 9`ccjXe[XZZ\gkXeZ\jgXpXYc\ 9`ccjXe[XZZ\gkXeZ\jgXpXYc\i\gi\j\ekk_\9XebËjfne Y`ccj Xe[ XZZ\gkXeZ\j i\[`jZflek\[ Xe[ flkjkXe[`e^ `e k_\dXib\k% c% =fi\`^eZlii\eZp KiXejXZk`fej`e]fi\`^eZlii\eZ`\jXi\kiXejcXk\[kfk_\ i\jg\Zk`m\ ]leZk`feXc Zlii\eZ`\j f] k_\ >iflg \ek`k`\j Xe[f]k_\9XebXk\oZ_Xe^\iXk\jXkk_\[Xk\jf]k_\ kiXejXZk`fej%Dfe\kXipXjj\kjXe[c`XY`c`k`\j[\efd`eXk\[ `e ]fi\`^e Zlii\eZ`\j Xk k_\ YXcXeZ\ j_\\kj [Xk\ Xi\ i\kiXejcXk\[ kf k_\ ]leZk`feXc Zlii\eZp Xk k_\ d`[[c\ dXib\k iXk\j f] \oZ_Xe^\# n_`Z_ Zcfj\cp Xggifo`dXk\ k_fj\ilc`e^Xkk_\YXcXeZ\j_\\kj[Xk\%Efe$dfe\kXip Xjj\kjXe[c`XY`c`k`\j[\efd`eXk\[`e]fi\`^eZlii\eZ`\j k_XkXi\d\Xjli\[Xk]X`imXcl\Xi\i\kiXejcXk\[kfk_\ ]leZk`feXc Zlii\eZp Xk k_\ \oZ_Xe^\ iXk\ Xk k_\ [Xk\ k_Xk k_\ ]X`i mXcl\ nXj [\k\id`e\[% =fi\`^e Zlii\eZp [`]]\i\eZ\j Xi`j`e^ fe i\kiXejcXk`fe Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\`eZfd\jkXk\d\ek% d% KXo\og\ej\ KXo \og\ej\ Zfdgi`j\j Zlii\ek Xe[ [\]\ii\[ kXo% KXo \og\ej\ `j i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek \oZ\gk kfk_\\ok\ekk_Xk`ki\cXk\jkf`k\dji\Zf^e`j\[[`i\Zkcp `e\hl`kp#`en_`Z_ZXj\`k`ji\Zf^e`j\[`e\hl`kp% :lii\ek kXo `j k_\ \og\Zk\[ kXo gXpXYc\ fe k_\ kXoXYc\ `eZfd\ ]fi k_\ p\Xi# lj`e^ kXo iXk\j \eXZk\[ fi jlYjkXek`m\cp\eXZk\[Xkk_\YXcXeZ\j_\\kj[Xk\#Xe[Xep X[aljkd\ekkfkXogXpXYc\`ei\jg\Zkf]gi\m`fljp\Xij% ;\]\ii\[ kXo `j i\Zf^e`j\[ lj`e^ k_\ YXcXeZ\ j_\\k d\k_f[#gifm`[`e^]fik\dgfiXip[`]]\i\eZ\jY\kn\\ek_\ ZXiip`e^ Xdflekj f] Xjj\kj Xe[ c`XY`c`k`\j ]fi i\gfik`e^ gligfj\j Xe[k_\Xdflekjlj\[]fi kXoXk`fegligfj\j% ;\]\ii\[kXo`jefki\Zf^e`j\[]fik_\]fccfn`e^k\dgfiXip [`]]\i\eZ\j1 k_\ `e`k`Xc i\Zf^e`k`fe f] ^ff[n`cc# k_\ `e`k`Xc i\Zf^e`k`fe f] Xjj\kj fi c`XY`c`k`\j `e X kiXejXZk`fe k_Xk `j efk X Ylj`e\jj ZfdY`eXk`fe Xe[ k_Xk X]]\Zkj e\`k_\i XZZflek`e^ efi kXoXYc\ gifÔk kXo cfjj % ;\]\ii\[ kXo `j d\Xjli\[Xkk_\kXoiXk\jk_XkXi\\og\Zk\[kfY\Xggc`\[ kfk_\k\dgfiXip[`]]\i\eZ\jn_\ek_\pi\m\ij\#YXj\[fe k_\cXnjk_Xk_Xm\Y\\e\eXZk\[fijlYjkXek`m\cp\eXZk\[ Ypk_\YXcXeZ\j_\\kj[Xk\% ;\]\ii\[ kXo c`XY`c`kp `j i\Zf^e`j\[ ]fi Xcc kXoXYc\ k\dgfiXip[`]]\i\eZ\j% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik `% GXpd\ekj dX[\ le[\i fg\iXk`e^ c\Xj\j Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[`ek_\`eZfd\jkXk\d\ekfeXjkiX`^_k$c`e\ YXj`jfm\ik_\k\idf]k_\c\Xj\%C\Xj\`eZ\ek`m\j i\Z\`m\[ Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ Xj Xe `ek\^iXc gXik f] k_\ kfkXcc\Xj\\og\ej\#fm\ik_\k\idf]k_\c\Xj\% 49 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )% J`^e`ÔZXekXZZflek`e^gfc`Z`\jZfek`el\[ e\k kfkXc f] Xep lei\Zf^e`j\[ XZklXi`Xc cfjj\j Xe[ gXjk j\im`Z\ Zfjkj# Xe[ k_\ gi\j\ek mXcl\ kf Xep \Zfefd`Z Y\e\Ôkj `e k_\ ]fid f] i\]le[j fi i\[lZk`fej `e ]lkli\ Zfeki`Ylk`fej kf k_\ ]le[% 8dfik`jXk`fe f] lei\Zf^e`j\[ ^X`ej fi cfjj\j Xi\ `eZcl[\[XjXZfdgfe\ekf]k_\XeelXc\og\ej\]fi X p\Xi `]# Xj f] k_\ Y\^`ee`e^ f] k_\ p\Xi# k_Xk ZldlcXk`m\ e\k lei\Zf^e`j\[ ^X`ej fi cfjj\j \oZ\\[j (' f] k_\ ^i\Xk\i f] k_\ GcXe c`XY`c`kp fi mXcl\f]k_\GcXeXjj\kj%@]Xdfik`jXk`fe`ji\hl`i\[# k_\ Xdfik`jXk`fe `j k_Xk \oZ\jj [`m`[\[ Yp k_\ \og\Zk\[ Xm\iX^\ i\dX`e`e^ nfib`e^ c`m\j f] k_\ \dgcfp\\jgXik`Z`gXk`e^`ek_\GcXe% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik d% KXo\og\ej\Zfek`el\[ 8[\]\ii\[kXoXjj\k`ji\Zf^e`j\[kfk_\\ok\ekk_Xk`k `jgifYXYc\k_Xk]lkli\kXoXYc\gifÔkjn`ccY\XmX`cXYc\ X^X`ejk n_`Z_ k\dgfiXip [`]]\i\eZ\ ZXe Y\ lk`c`j\[% ;\]\ii\[ kXo Xjj\kj Xi\ i\m`\n\[ Xk \XZ_ i\gfik`e^ [Xk\Xe[Xi\i\[lZ\[kfk_\\ok\ekk_Xk`k`jefcfe^\i gifYXYc\k_Xkk_\i\cXk\[kXoY\e\Ôkn`ccY\i\Xc`j\[% 50 e% <dgcfp\\Y\e\Ôkj `% J_fik$k\idY\e\Ôkj NX^\j# jXcXi`\j# Yfelj\j Xe[ jfZ`Xc j\Zli`kp Zfeki`Ylk`fej Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ Xj Xe \og\ej\ `e k_\ p\Xi `e n_`Z_ k_\ XjjfZ`Xk\[ j\im`Z\j Xi\ i\e[\i\[ Yp\dgcfp\\jf]k_\>iflg% N_\e k_\ Y\e\Ôkj f] k_\ gcXe Xi\ `dgifm\[# k_\ gfik`fe f] k_\ `eZi\Xj\[ Y\e\Ôk i\cXk`e^ kf gXjk j\im`Z\Yp\dgcfp\\j`ji\Zf^e`j\[XjXe\og\ej\`e k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek fe X jkiX`^_k$c`e\ YXj`j fm\i k_\ Xm\iX^\ g\i`f[ lek`c k_\ Y\e\Ôkj Y\Zfd\ m\jk\[% Kf k_\ \ok\ek k_Xk k_\ Y\e\Ôk m\jkj `dd\[`Xk\cp# k_\ \og\ej\ `j i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\ `eZfd\jkXk\d\ek% J_fik$k\id XZZldlcXk`e^ Zfdg\ejXk\[ XYj\eZ\j jlZ_ Xj gX`[ XeelXc c\Xm\ Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ n_\e j\im`Z\j Xi\ i\e[\i\[ Yp \dgcfp\\j k_Xk `eZi\Xj\j k_\`i \ek`kc\d\ek kf ]lkli\ Zfdg\ejXk\[ XYj\eZ\j# Xe[ j_fik$k\id efe$XZZldlcXk`e^ Zfdg\ejXk\[ XYj\eZ\j jlZ_ Xj j`Zb c\Xm\ Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ n_\e k_\XYj\eZ\fZZli% `m% J_Xi\$YXj\[Zfdg\ejXk`fe K_\ 9Xeb gXik`Z`gXk\j `e \hl`kp$j\kkc\[ Xe[ ZXj_$j\kkc\[j_Xi\YXj\[Zfdg\ejXk`fegcXe]fik_\ \dgcfp\\j k_Xk `j f]]\i\[ Yp k_\ lck`dXk\ _fc[`e^ ZfdgXep# :`k`^iflg @eZ%% K_\ ]X`i mXcl\ f] k_\ j\im`Z\j i\Z\`m\[ `e \oZ_Xe^\ ]fi k_\ ^iXek f] k_\ fgk`fej `j i\Zf^e`j\[ Xj Xe \og\ej\ `e k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ekfm\ik_\m\jk`e^g\i`f[jf]k_\^iXek% ``% ;\Ôe\[Zfeki`Ylk`fegcXe 8j i\hl`i\[ Yp cXn# ZfdgXe`\j `e DXcXpj`X dXb\ Zfeki`Ylk`fej kf k_\ <dgcfp\\j Gifm`[\ek =le[ È<G=É % JlZ_ Zfeki`Ylk`fej Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ Xj Xe \og\ej\`ek_\`eZfd\jkXk\d\ekXj`eZlii\[% @e X[[`k`fe kf k_\ Zfeki`Ylk`fe i\hl`i\d\ek Yp cXn# k_\ 9Xeb `j Zfeki`Ylk`e^ X[[`k`feXc Xdflekj ]fi k_fj\ \dgcfp\\j \c`^`Yc\ le[\i k_\ [\Ôe\[ Zfeki`Ylk`fe gcXe% K_\ Zfeki`Ylk`fe `j dX[\ kf :`k`YXebDXcXpj`XJkX]]I\k`i\d\ekGcXeÉk_\GcXeÉ Xe[ `j i\Zf^e`j\[ Xj Xe \og\ej\ `e k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ekXj`eZlii\[% ```% ;\Ôe\[Y\e\ÔkgcXe K_\ 9Xeb Xe[ Z\ikX`e i\cXk\[ ZfdgXe`\j Zfeki`Ylk\ kfk_\:`k`YXebDXcXpj`XJkX]]I\k`i\d\ekGcXeÉk_\ GcXeÉ ]fi \c`^`Yc\ f]ÔZ\ij% :feki`Ylk`fej Xi\ dX[\ YXj\[ fe Xe \ok\ieXc XZklXi`Xc i\gfik kf k_\ GcXe# n_`Z_ `j X [\Ôe\[ Y\e\Ôk jZ_\d\ Xe[ [\Ôe\[ Zfeki`Ylk`fe jZ_\d\ Xj \ogcX`e\[ `e `k\d `` XYfm\ #Xe[`j]le[\[kfk_\\ok\ekg\id`kk\[YpkXo XccfnXYc\9XebZfeki`Ylk`fej% K_\ Xdflek i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\ YXcXeZ\ j_\\kj i\gi\j\ekj k_\ gi\j\ek mXcl\ f] k_\ [\Ôe\[ Y\e\Ôk fYc`^Xk`fej X[aljk\[ ]fi lei\Zf^e`j\[ XZklXi`Xc ^X`ejXe[cfjj\jXe[lei\Zf^e`j\[gXjkj\im`Z\Zfjk# Xe[i\[lZ\[Ypk_\]X`imXcl\f]k_\gcXeXjj\kj%K_\ Y\e\Ôk`jZXcZlcXk\[lj`e^k_\Gifa\Zk\[Le`k:i\[`k D\k_f[`efi[\ikf[\k\id`e\`kjgi\j\ekmXcl\%8ep Xjj\ki\jlck`e^]ifdk_`jZXcZlcXk`fe`jc`d`k\[kfk_\ f% =fi\Zcfj\[gifg\ik`\j =fi\Zcfj\[ gifg\ik`\j Xi\ k_fj\ XZhl`i\[ `e ]lcc fi gXik`Xc jXk`j]XZk`fe f] [\Ykj# Xi\ jkXk\[ Xk Zfjk c\jj XZZldlcXk\[`dgX`id\ekcfjj\j% g% Gifm`j`fej 8gifm`j`fe`ji\Zf^e`j\[n_\e`k`jgifYXYc\k_XkXe flkÕfn f] i\jfliZ\j \dYf[p`e^ \Zfefd`Z Y\e\Ôkj n`cc Y\ i\hl`i\[ kf j\kkc\ X gi\j\ek fYc`^Xk`fe c\^Xc fi ZfejkilZk`m\ Xj X i\jlck f] X gXjk \m\ek Xe[ X i\c`XYc\ \jk`dXk\ZXeY\dX[\f]k_\Xdflek% h% ;\gfj`kj ]ifd Zljkfd\ij Xe[ [\gfj`kj Xe[ gcXZ\d\ekjf]YXebjXe[ÔeXeZ`Xc`ejk`klk`fej ;\gfj`kj]ifdZljkfd\ijXi\jkXk\[XkgcXZ\d\ekmXcl\j Xe[ X[aljk\[ ]fi XZZil\[ `ek\i\jk% ;\gfj`kj Xe[ gcXZ\d\ekjf]YXebjXe[ÔeXeZ`Xc`ejk`klk`fejXi\jkXk\[ XkgcXZ\d\ekmXcl\j% i% @dgX`id\ekf]Xjj\kj K_\ ZXiip`e^ Xdflek f] k_\ >iflgËj Xe[ 9XebËj Xjj\kj# \oZ\gk ]fi ÔeXeZ`Xc Xjj\kj fk_\i k_Xe j\Zli`k`\j XmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ Xe[ j\Zli`k`\j _\c[$kf$dXkli`kp Xe[ [\]\ii\[kXoXjj\kj#Xi\i\m`\n\[Xk\XZ_YXcXeZ\j_\\kj Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )% J`^e`ÔZXekXZZflek`e^gfc`Z`\jZfek`el\[ i% @dgX`id\ekf]Xjj\kjZfek`el\[ [Xk\ kf [\k\id`e\ n_\k_\i k_\i\ `j Xep `e[`ZXk`fe f] `dgX`id\ek% @] Xep jlZ_ `e[`ZXk`fe \o`jkj# k_\ Xjj\kËj i\Zfm\iXYc\Xdflek`j\jk`dXk\[%8e`dgX`id\ekcfjj`j i\Zf^e`j\[n_\e\m\ik_\ZXiip`e^Xdflekf]XeXjj\kkf n_`Z_`kY\cfe^j\oZ\\[j`kji\Zfm\iXYc\Xdflek% @dgX`id\ek cfjj\j Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek% K_\ gfc`Z`\j fe `dgX`id\ek f] Xjj\kj Xi\ jlddXi`j\[Xj]fccfnj1 `% ```% Fk_\iXjj\kj =fi fk_\i Xjj\kj n_\e `e[`ZXk`fe f] `dgX`id\ek \o`jkj# k_\j\ Xjj\kj Xi\ jlYa\Zk kf `dgX`id\ek i\m`\n%K_\i\Zfm\iXYc\Xdflek`jk_\^i\Xk\if]k_\ Xjj\kËj e\k j\cc`e^ gi`Z\ Xe[ `kj mXcl\ `e lj\% @e Xjj\jj`e^ mXcl\ `e lj\# \jk`dXk\[ ]lkli\ ZXj_ Õfnj Xi\[`jZflek\[kfk_\`igi\j\ekmXcl\lj`e^Xgi\$kXo [`jZflek iXk\ k_Xk i\Õ\Zkj Zlii\ek dXib\k Xjj\jjd\ekj f] k_\ k`d\ mXcl\ f] dfe\p Xe[ k_\ i`jbjjg\Z`ÔZkfk_\Xjj\k%=fiXeXjj\kk_Xk[f\jefk ^\e\iXk\ cXi^\cp `e[\g\e[\ek ZXj_ `eÕfnj# k_\ i\Zfm\iXYc\ Xdflek `j [\k\id`e\[ ]fi k_\ ZXj_$^\e\iXk`e^le`kkfn_`Z_k_\Xjj\kY\cfe^j% 8e `dgX`id\ek cfjj `j i\m\ij\[ `] k_\i\ _Xj Y\\e X Z_Xe^\ `e \jk`dXk\j lj\[ kf [\k\id`e\ k_\ i\Zfm\iXYc\Xdflek%8e`dgX`id\ekcfjj`ji\m\ij\[ fecpkfk_\\ok\ekk_Xkk_\Xjj\kËjZXiip`e^Xdflek [f\j efk \oZ\\[ k_\ ZXiip`e^ Xdflek k_Xk nflc[ _Xm\ Y\\e [\k\id`e\[# e\k f] [\gi\Z`Xk`fe fi Xdfik`jXk`fe# `] ef `dgX`id\ek cfjj _Xj Y\\e i\Zf^e`j\[%K_\i\m\ijXc`ji\Zf^e`j\[`ek_\`eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek% J\Zli`k`\jXmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ @dgX`id\ek cfjj\j fe j\Zli`k`\j XmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ Yp kiXej]\ii`e^ k_\ [`]]\i\eZ\j Y\kn\\ek_\Xdfik`j\[XZhl`j`k`feZfjkXe[Zlii\ek ]X`i mXcl\ ]ifd \hl`kp kf `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek# \m\e k_fl^_ k_\ j\Zli`k`\j _Xm\ efk Y\\e [\i\Zf^e`j\[% K_\ZldlcXk`m\`dgX`id\ekcfjj`jd\Xjli\[Xjk_\ [`]]\i\eZ\ Y\kn\\e k_\ XZhl`j`k`fe Zfjk e\k f] Xep gi`eZ`gXc i\gXpd\ek Xe[ Xdfik`jXk`fe Xe[ k_\ Zlii\ek ]X`i mXcl\# c\jj Xep `dgX`id\ek cfjj gi\m`fljcpi\Zf^e`j\[`ek_\`eZfd\jkXk\d\ek% @dgX`id\ek cfjj\j fe `em\jkd\ekj `e \hl`kp `ejkild\ekj ZcXjj`Ô\[ Xj XmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ i\Zf^e`j\[ Xi\ efk i\m\ij\[ jlYj\hl\ek kf `kj i\Zf^e`k`fe%I\m\ijXcjf]`dgX`id\ekcfjj\jfe[\Yk `ejkild\ekj ZcXjj`Ô\[ Xj XmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek `] k_\ `eZi\Xj\ `e ]X`i mXcl\ ZXe Y\ fYa\Zk`m\cp i\cXk\[ kf Xe \m\ek fZZlii`e^ X]k\i k_\ i\Zf^e`k`fe f] k_\ `dgX`id\ek cfjj`ek_\`eZfd\jkXk\d\ek% ``% J\Zli`k`\j_\c[$kf$dXkli`kp =fi j\Zli`k`\j ZXii`\[ Xk Xdfik`j\[ Zfjk `e n_`Z_ k_\i\`jfYa\Zk`m\\m`[\eZ\f]`dgX`id\ek#`dgX`id\ek cfjj `j d\Xjli\[ Xj k_\ [`]]\i\eZ\ Y\kn\\e k_\ j\Zli`k`\jËZXiip`e^XdflekXe[k_\gi\j\ekmXcl\f] k_\ \jk`dXk\[ ]lkli\ ZXj_ Õfnj [`jZflek\[ Xk k_\ j\Zli`k`\jË fi`^`eXc \]]\Zk`m\ `ek\i\jk iXk\% K_\ Xdflek f] k_\ `dgX`id\ek cfjj `j i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek% JlYj\hl\ek i\m\ijXcj `e k_\ `dgX`id\ek cfjj `j i\Zf^e`j\[ n_\e k_\ [\Zi\Xj\ ZXe Y\ fYa\Zk`m\cp i\cXk\[ kf Xe \m\ek fZZlii`e^ X]k\i k_\ `dgX`id\ek nXj i\Zf^e`j\[# kf k_\ \ok\ek k_Xk k_\ j\Zli`k`\jË ZXiip`e^Xdflek[f\jefk\oZ\\[`kjXdfik`j\[Zfjk `]ef`dgX`id\ek_X[Y\\ei\Zf^e`j\[%K_\i\m\ijXc `ji\Zf^e`j\[`ek_\`eZfd\jkXk\d\ek% =fi j\Zli`k`\j ZXii`\[ Xk Zfjk# `dgX`id\ek cfjj `j d\Xjli\[ Xj k_\ [`]]\i\eZ\ Y\kn\\e k_\ j\Zli`k`\jË ZXiip`e^XdflekXe[k_\gi\j\ekmXcl\f]\jk`dXk\[ ]lkli\ ZXj_ Õfnj [`jZflek\[ Xk k_\ Zlii\ek dXib\k j% GifÔk\hlXc`jXk`fei\j\im\jÈG<IÉ G<I`jk_\XdflekXggifgi`Xk\[flkf]k_\kfkXc@jcXd`Z 9Xeb`e^ ^ifjj `eZfd\ `e fi[\i kf dX`ekX`e X Z\ikX`e c\m\c f] i\klie kf [\gfj`kfij n_`Z_ `j Xj jk`glcXk\[ Yp 9Xeb E\^XiX DXcXpj`X :`iZlcXi fe ÈK_\ =iXd\nfib f] k_\ IXk\ f] I\klieÉ% G<I `j [\[lZk\[ ]ifd k_\ kfkXc @jcXd`Z 9Xeb`e^ ^ifjj `eZfd\ `e [\i`m`e^ k_\ e\k [`jki`YlkXYc\^ifjj`eZfd\%K_\XdflekXggifgi`Xk\[`j j_Xi\[Ypk_\[\gfj`kfijXe[k_\>iflgfik_\9Xeb% k% ;\i`mXk`m\ÔeXeZ`Xc`ejkild\ekjXe[_\[^\XZZflek`e^ ;\i`mXk`m\j Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ Xk ]X`i mXcl\ lgfe `eZ\gk`fe `ek_\YXcXeZ\j_\\kj#Xe[Xi\jlYj\hl\ekcpi\d\Xjli\[ Xk ]X`i mXcl\% =`eXeZ`Xc [\i`mXk`m\j Xi\ ZcXjj`Ô\[ Xj Xjj\kj n_\e k_\ ]X`i mXcl\ `j gfj`k`m\ Xe[ Xj c`XY`c`k`\j n_\ek_\`i]X`imXcl\`je\^Xk`m\% _\9Xeb\ek\ij`ekf[\i`mXk`m\kiXejXZk`fej]fikiX[`e^ K Xe[ _\[^`e^ gligfj\j% =X`i mXcl\ Z_Xe^\j ]fi Xcc ÔeXeZ`Xc [\i`mXk`m\j Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ekXgXik]ifd[\i`mXk`m\kiXejXZk`fejk_Xkd\\k k_\ jg\Z`ÔZ Zi`k\i`X ]fi _\[^\ XZZflek`e^ f] n_`Z_ k_\ >iflg Xggc`\j \`k_\i ZXj_ Õfn fi ]X`i mXcl\ _\[^\ XZZflek`e^#n_\i\Xggc`ZXYc\% 8k k_\ k`d\ X ÔeXeZ`Xc `ejkild\ek `j [\j`^eXk\[ Xj X _\[^\# k_\ >iflg ]fidXccp [fZld\ekj k_\ i\cXk`fej_`g :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik iXk\ f] i\klie ]fi j`d`cXi j\Zli`k`\j% K_\ Xdflek f] `dgX`id\ek cfjj `j i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek Xe[ jlZ_ `dgX`id\ek cfjj\j Xi\ efk i\m\ij\[jlYj\hl\ekkf`kji\Zf^e`k`fe% 51 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )% J`^e`]`ZXekXZZflek`e^gfc`Z`\jZfek`el\[ k% ;\i`mXk`m\]`eXeZ`Xc`ejkild\ekjXe[_\[^\XZZflek`e^ Zfek`el\[ Y\kn\\e k_\ _\[^`e^ `ejkild\ek Xe[ k_\ _\[^\[ `k\d# `eZcl[`e^ k_\ eXkli\ f] k_\ i`jbj kf Y\ _\[^\[ Xe[ k_\ d\k_f[ lj\[ kf Xjj\jj _\[^\ \]]\Zk`m\e\jj% K_\ >iflg _Xj X[fgk\[ ]X`i mXcl\ _\[^\ XZZflek`e^ ]fi `kj ]`o\[ iXk\Z\ik`]`ZXk\jXjn\ccXjZ\ikX`e]`o\[iXk\gi`mXk\[\Yk j\Zli`k`\j`em\jkd\ekj% =X`imXcl\_\[^\ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik =X`i mXcl\ _\[^\j Xi\ _\[^\j X^X`ejk \ogfjli\ kf Z_Xe^\j `e k_\ ]X`i mXcl\ f] X i\Zf^e`j\[ Xjj\k fi c`XY`c`kpfiXelei\Zf^e`j\[]`idZfdd`kd\ekk_Xk`j Xkki`YlkXYc\kfXgXik`ZlcXii`jbXe[Zflc[X]]\Zkgif]`kfi cfjj%=fihlXc`]p`e^]X`imXcl\_\[^\j#k_\Z_Xe^\j`ek_\ ]X`i mXcl\ f] k_\ _\[^`e^ `ejkild\ek Xe[ k_\ _\[^\[ `k\d i\cXk`e^ kf k_\ _\[^\[ i`jbj Xi\ i\Zf^e`j\[ `e k_\ `eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek% @e k_\ \m\ek k_\ _\[^\ ef cfe^\i d\\kj k_\ Zi`k\i`X ]fi k_\ _\[^\ XZZflek`e^# k_\ X[aljkd\ekkfk_\ZXiip`e^Xdflekf]k_\_\[^\[`k\dj `jXdfik`j\[kfk_\`eZfd\jkXk\d\ekfm\ik_\\og\Zk\[ c`]\f]k_\_\[^\[`k\d% *% :Xj_Xe[j_fikk\id]le[j Cash and balances with banks and other financial institutions Money at call and deposit placements maturing within one month 52 >iflg )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 9Xeb )''0 IDË''' )''/ IDË''' 52,423 92,684 52,403 92,664 10,661,556 12,291,741 10,661,556 12,291,741 10,713,979 12,384,425 10,713,959 12,384,405 +% ;\gfj`kjXe[gcXZ\d\ekjn`k_YXebjXe[fk_\i]`eXeZ`Xc`ejk`klk`fej Licensed banks >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 1,328,452 2,655,452 ,% J\Zli`k`\j_\c[$]fi$kiX[`e^ 8k]X`imXcl\ Malaysian Government Treasury Bills Malaysian Government Securities Malaysian Government Investment Issues Bank Negara Malaysia Bills/Notes Cagamas notes/bonds Commercial papers Private debt securities Khazanah bonds >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 281,595 1,164,350 215,473 645,303 20,051 - 76,675 1,435,639 3,050 1,505,284 1,008 2,025 155,674 3,753 2,326,772 3,183,108 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj -% J\Zli`k`\jXmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' Malaysian Government Treasury Bills/ Securities** Bank Negara Malaysia Bills Malaysian Government Investment Issues Khazanah bonds Private debt securities Yankee bonds/US bonds Bonds issued by MDB/MFI* 4,358,871 496,914 74,940 371,157 50,802 3,449,613 793,572 635,543 140,389 41,866 179,618 50,617 5,352,684 5,291,218 ! D;9ÆDlck`cXk\iXc[\m\cfgd\ekYXebj D=@ÆDlck`cXk\iXc]`eXeZ`Xc`ejk`klk`fej !! DXcXpj`Xe >fm\ied\ek J\Zli`k`\j f] k_\ >iflg Xe[ k_\ 9Xeb Xdflek`e^ kf ID (*' d`cc`fe )''/1 e`c `j lk`c`j\[ kf d\\k JkXklkfipI\j\im\I\hl`i\d\ekXj]lik_\i\ogcX`e\[`eEfk\( (% .% J\Zli`k`\j_\c[$kf$dXkli`kp 8kZfjk Lehlfk\[j\Zli`k`\j1 J_Xi\j K_\i\`jefdXkli`kpjkilZkli\]filehlfk\[j\Zli`k`\j% >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 7,499 7,499 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 8k]X`imXcl\ 53 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj /% CfXej#X[mXeZ\jXe[ÔeXeZ`e^ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik `% 54 9pkpg\ Overdrafts Term loans/financing - housing loans/financing - hire purchase receivables - lease receivables - other term loans/financing Bills receivable Trust receipts Claims on customers under acceptance credits Staff loans Credit cards receivables Revolving credit Other loans Share margin financing >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 1,485,375 1,087,949 9,779,054 13,255 8,262 1,485,128 170,880 11,585 624,449 96,164 4,696,169 626,413 94,911 169,573 10,821,082 17,187 12,337 1,436,360 387,469 26,841 710,154 101,094 4,582,263 1,047,071 231,158 140,695 19,261,218 (47,458) 20,601,660 (65,458) Gross loans, advances and financing Allowance for bad and doubtful debts and financing - General - Specific 19,213,760 20,536,202 (283,115) (433,573) (303,205) (384,167) Net loans, advances and financing 18,497,072 19,848,830 Unearned interest and income ``% 9pkpg\f]Zljkfd\i Domestic non-financial institutions - others Domestic business enterprises - small and medium enterprises - others Individuals Foreign entities >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 212,057 180,725 461,750 1,932,623 16,480,592 126,738 544,508 2,327,833 17,347,185 135,951 19,213,760 20,536,202 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj /% CfXej#X[mXeZ\jXe[ÔeXeZ`e^Zfek`el\[ `m% 9pj\Zkfi Primary agriculture Mining and quarrying Manufacturing (including agriculture based) Electricity, gas and water Construction Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels Transport, storage and communication Finance, insurance, real estate and business services Education, health and others Household - consumption credit - residential - purchase of securities - others Other sectors m% >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 900,595 8,792 7,193,540 464,114 17,187 7,666,696 10,655,441 455,392 12,013,438 374,767 19,213,760 20,536,202 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 56,023 4,176 917,639 40,520 38,069 549,779 137,208 632,422 35,061 47,289 12,327 1,343,788 84,996 37,008 665,716 149,504 577,807 22,499 5,616,739 10,378,013 170,427 315,413 322,271 5,434,155 11,412,109 139,872 361,049 248,083 19,213,760 20,536,202 9pgligfj\ >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' Purchase of securities Purchase of landed property Purchase of fixed assets excluding land and building Personal use Credit card Construction Working capital Other purposes 170,427 11,035,449 140,695 12,085,395 21,517 964,088 4,696,169 26,054 2,300,056 - 73,912 895,248 4,582,263 45,813 2,699,553 13,323 19,213,760 20,536,202 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik ```% 9p`ek\i\jk&gif]`kiXk\j\ej`k`m`kp Fixed rate Housing loans/financing Hire purchase receivables Other fixed rate loans/financing Variable rate BLR plus Cost plus 55 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj 0% Efe$g\i]fid`e^cfXej&]`eXeZ`e^EGC&EG= :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik `% 56 Dfm\d\ekj`ek_\efe$g\i]fid`e^cfXej#X[mXeZ\jXe[]`eXeZ`e^EGC Xi\Xj]fccfnj1 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' At 1 January Classified as non-performing during the year Reclassified as performing during the year Amount recovered Amount written off 634,146 608,837 (308,748) (80,348) (184,068) 689,920 501,420 (232,064) (181,930) (143,200) At 31 December Specific allowance 669,819 (433,573) 634,146 (384,167) Net non-performing loans, advances and financing 236,246 249,979 Ratio of net non-performing loans and financing to gross loans and financing less specific allowance 1.26% 1.24% fm\d\ekj`ek_\XccfnXeZ\]fiYX[Xe[[flYk]lc[\YkjXe[]`eXeZ`e^XZZflekjXi\Xj]fccfnj1 ``% D >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' General allowance At 1 January 303,205 314,312 Written back during the year (20,090) (11,107) At 31 December As % of gross loans, advances and financing less specific allowance 283,115 303,205 1.5% 1.5% Specific allowance At 1 January Allowance made during the year Amount recovered Amount written off 384,167 296,150 (64,136) (182,608) 341,949 248,190 (66,009) (139,963) At 31 December 433,573 384,167 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj 0% Efe$g\i]fid`e^cfXej&]`eXeZ`e^EGC&EG= Zfek`el\[ Primary agriculture Mining and quarrying Manufacturing (including agriculture based) Construction Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels Transport, storage and communication Finance, insurance, real estate and business services Household - consumption credit - residential - purchase of securities - others >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 149 44,236 14,783 22,610 750 27,610 11 174 43,582 15,542 21,327 1,111 28,362 245,852 267,683 21,035 25,111 210,492 265,771 21,545 26,229 669,819 634,146 ('% Fk_\iXjj\kj Interest/Income receivable Other debtors, deposits and prepayments Derivative assets (Note 32) >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 73,128 99,924 217,472 246,312 775,402 1,708,318 1,066,002 2,054,554 ((% JkXklkfip[\gfj`kjn`k_9XebE\^XiXDXcXpj`X _\ efe$`ek\i\jk Y\Xi`e^ jkXklkfip [\gfj`kj Xi\ dX`ekX`e\[ n`k_ 9Xeb E\^XiX DXcXpj`X È9EDÉ `e Zfdgc`XeZ\ n`k_ J\Zk`fe K *.( Z f] k_\ :\ekiXc 9Xeb f] DXcXpj`X 8Zk (0,/ i\m`j\[ $ (00+ kf jXk`j]p k_\ JkXklkfip I\j\im\ I\hl`i\d\ek ÈJIIÉ # k_\ Xdflekf]n_`Z_`j[\k\id`e\[XjXj\kg\iZ\ekX^\f]kfkXc\c`^`Yc\c`XY`c`k`\j% 9Xj\[fek_\i\m`j\[JII^l`[\c`e\`jjl\[Yp9ED#k_\JIIiXk\nXji\m`j\[kf( \]]\Zk`m\fe(DXiZ_)''0)''/1*%, %@e XZZfi[XeZ\ n`k_ 9EDËj Z`iZlcXi k`kc\[ ÈI\^lcXkfip Ki\Xkd\ek i\cXk\[ kf k_\ JkXklkfip I\j\im\ I\hl`i\d\ek @eZ\ek`m\ ]fi Gi`eZ`gXc;\Xc\ijXe[@jcXd`ZGi`eZ`gXc;\Xc\ijÉ`jjl\[fe('Alcp)''0#k_\9XebY\`e^Xgi`eZ`gXc[\Xc\iXggf`ek\[Yp9ED#`j Xccfn\[ kf lk`c`j\ DXcXpj`X >fm\ied\ek J\Zli`k`\j ÈD>JÉ _fc[`e^j kf d\\k k_\ JII% 8j Xk *( ;\Z\dY\i )''0# D>J f] k_\ >iflg Xe[ k_\ 9Xeb n`k_ efd`eXc Xdflek f] ID(*' d`cc`fe )''/1 e`c Xi\ lk`c`j\[ ]fi JII [\k\id`eXk`fe gligfj\j% K_\j\ j\Zli`k`\jXi\ZcXjj`Ô\[le[\ij\Zli`k`\jXmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\Efk\- % :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik ```% EGC&EG=Ypj\ZkfiXi\Xj]fccfnj1 57 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj ()% ;\]\ii\[kXoXjj\kj :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Dfm\d\ek`ek\dgfiXip[`]]\i\eZ\j[li`e^k_\p\Xi`jXj]fccfnj1 58 >iflg Xe[9Xeb Property, plant and equipment capital allowances Provisions Reserves - Available -for-sale securities 8k (%(%)''/ IDË''' I\Zf^e`j\[ `e`eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek Efk\). IDË''' I\Zf^e`j\[ `e \hl`kp IDË''' 8k *(%()%)''/ IDË''' I\Zf^e`j\[ `e`eZfd\ jkXk\d\ek Efk\). IDË''' (7,485) 54,793 (1,128) (1,318) - (8,613) 53,475 74 (4,324) - (8,539) 49,151 1,026 - (23,385) (22,359) - 19,210 (3,149) 48,334 (2,446) (23,385) 22,503 (4,250) 19,210 37,463 I\Zf^e`j\[ `e \hl`kp IDË''' KfkXc IDË''' \]\ii\[kXoc`XY`c`k`\jXe[Xjj\kjXi\f]]j\kXYfm\Xjk_\i\`jXc\^Xccp\e]fiZ\XYc\i`^_kkfj\kf]]Zlii\ekkXoXjj\kjX^X`ejk ; Zlii\ekkXoc`XY`c`k`\j% K_\i\Zf^e`j\[[\]\ii\[kXoXjj\kjXe[c`XY`c`k`\jY\]fi\f]]j\kk`e^ Xi\Xj]fccfnj1 Property, plant and equipment - capital allowances Provisions Mark-to-market on available-for-sale securities >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' (8,539) 49,151 (3,149) (8,613) 53,475 (22,359) 37,463 22,503 (*% @em\jkd\ekj`ejlYj`[`XipZfdgXe`\j Unquoted shares at cost – in Malaysia Details of the wholly owned subsidiaries are as follows: EXd\f]jlYj`[`Xip Citigroup Nominee (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. Citigroup Nominees (Tempatan) Sdn. Bhd.* Citigroup Nominees (Asing) Sdn. Bhd.* 9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 20 20 Gi`eZ`gXcXZk`m`kp :flekipf] `eZfigfiXk`fe <]]\Zk`m\ Fne\ij_`g @ek\i\jk )''0 )''/ Nominee company Malaysia 100% 100% Nominee company Malaysia 100% 100% Nominee company Malaysia 100% 100% * N_fccpfne\[Yp:`k`^iflgEfd`e\\DXcXpj`X J[e%9_[% 8cc`eZfd\Xe[\og\e[`kli\Xi`j`e^]ifdk_\XZk`m`k`\jf]k_\jlYj`[`Xi`\j_Xm\Y\\ei\Zf^e`j\[`ek_\9XebËj`eZfd\jkXk\d\ek% Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj >iflgXe[9Xeb :fjk 9l`c[`e^fe c\Xj\_fc[ cXe[ IDË''' @ejkXccXk`fej IDË''' =lie`kli\ Xe[ \hl`gd\ek IDË''' KfkXc IDË''' At 1 January 2008 Additions Disposals Write offs 2,177 - 84,262 2,069 - 214,934 10,453 (5,081) (1,689) 301,373 12,522 (5,081) (1,689) At 31 December 2008/ 1 January 2009 Additions Disposals 2,177 3,700 - 86,331 1,710 - 218,617 37,971 (9,515) 307,125 43,381 (9,515) At 31 December 2009 5,877 88,041 247,073 340,991 ;\gi\Z`Xk`fe At 1 January 2008 Charge for the year Disposals Write offs 1,024 89 - 61,506 10,078 - 166,616 16,877 (2,526) (1,373) 229,146 27,044 (2,526) (1,373) At 31 December 2008/ 1 January 2009 Charge for the year Disposals 1,113 2,531 - 71,584 8,112 - 179,594 21,825 (6,432) 252,291 32,468 (6,432) At 31 December 2009 3,644 79,696 194,987 278,327 :Xiip`e^Xdflekj At 1 January 2008 1,153 22,756 48,318 72,227 At 31 December 2008/ 1 January 2009 1,064 14,747 39,023 54,834 At 31 December 2009 2,233 8,345 52,086 62,664 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik (+% Gifg\ikp#gcXekXe[\hl`gd\ek 59 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj (,% ;\gfj`kj]ifdZljkfd\ij `% 9pkpg\f][\gfj`k :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Demand deposits Saving deposits Fixed deposits Other deposits Negotiable instruments of deposit Others - cash collateral 60 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 8,336,980 1,739,611 9,753,741 9,889,297 93,720 15,734 6,503,772 1,362,883 11,815,011 7,458,233 2,423,850 25,891 29,829,083 29,589,640 ``% DXkli`kpjkilZkli\f]Ôo\[[\gfj`kj#fk_\i[\gfj`kjXe[e\^fk`XYc\`ejkild\ekjf][\gfj`kXi\Xj]fccfnj1 Due within six months Six months to one year One year to three years Three years to five years Over five years ```% 9pkpg\f]Zljkfd\i Government and statutory bodies Business enterprises Individuals Others >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 13,733,774 4,774,991 989,722 227,007 11,264 12,868,351 4,937,278 1,122,740 141,709 59,962 19,736,758 19,130,040 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 49,716 14,611,909 11,349,112 3,818,346 764,542 10,375,579 12,722,835 5,726,684 29,829,083 29,589,640 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj (-% ;\gfj`kjXe[gcXZ\d\ekjf]YXebjXe[fk_\iÔeXeZ`Xc`ejk`klk`fej Licensed banks Licensed finance companies >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 3,694,896 14 9,539,550 63,306 3,694,910 9,602,856 Interest/Profit payable Other creditors and accruals Provision for retirement benefits (Note 21) Profit Equalisation Reserve (Note 38(l)) Taxation Derivative liabilities (Note 32) >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 66,535 1,233,537 283 23 66,364 783,740 129,234 1,151,609 3,077 1,025 142,943 1,718,658 2,150,482 3,146,546 61 (/% JlYfi[`eXk\[cfXe Subordinated loan :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik (.% Fk_\ic`XY`c`k`\j >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 400,000 400,000 _\ 9Xeb \ek\i\[ `ekf X jlYfi[`eXk\[ cfXe X^i\\d\ek n`k_ :`k`YXeb Fm\ij\Xj @em\jkd\ekj :figfiXk`fe ]fi Xe Xdflek f] K ID+'' d`cc`fe% K_\ cfXe nXj [iXne [fne fe (,k_ ;\Z\dY\i )'', Xe[ `j i\gXpXYc\ Xk k_\ \e[ f] k_\ ('k_ p\Xi# Xe[ Y\Xij `ek\i\jkXkBC@9FI"(g\iXeeldgXpXYc\feXhlXik\icpYXj`j% K_\hlXc`]p`e^gfik`fef]k_\jlYfi[`eXk\[cfXe`j`eZcl[\[XjK`\i@@ZXg`kXc]fik_\ZXg`kXcX[\hlXZpiXk`fZfdglkXk`fe% Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj (0% J_Xi\ZXg`kXc 8dflek )''0 IDË''' >iflgXe[9Xeb EldY\i f]j_Xi\j 8dflek )''0 )''/ Ë''' IDË''' EldY\i f]j_Xi\j )''/ Ë''' :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Ordinary shares of RM1 each: 62 Authorised 500,000 500,000 500,000 500,000 Issued and fully paid 121,697 121,697 121,697 121,697 )'% I\j\im\j Share premium Statutory reserve Fair value reserve Retained profits >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 380,303 121,697 9,480 2,642,125 380,303 121,697 63,578 2,667,900 3,153,605 3,233,478 K_\ j_Xi\ gi\d`ld Xifj\ ]ifd k_\ `jjlXeZ\ f] ()(#-0-#0.) fi[`eXip j_Xi\j f] ID( \XZ_ Xk Xe `jjl\ gi`Z\ f] ID +%(), g\i j_Xi\% K_\jkXklkfipi\j\im\`jdX`ekX`e\[`eZfdgc`XeZ\n`k_J\Zk`fe*-f]k_\9Xeb`e^Xe[=`eXeZ`Xc@ejk`klk`fej8Zk(0/0Xe[`j efk[`jki`YlkXYc\XjZXj_[`m`[\e[j%EfkiXej]\ijn\i\dX[\kfk_\jkXklkfipi\j\im\[li`e^k_\p\XiXjk_\9Xeb_Xjd\kk_\ i\j\im\i\hl`i\d\ekj% K_\]X`imXcl\i\j\im\`j`ei\jg\Zkf]lei\Xc`j\[]X`imXcl\^X`ejXe[cfjj\jfej\Zli`k`\jXmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\% JlYa\Zk kf X^i\\d\ek Yp k_\ @ecXe[ I\m\el\ 9fXi[# k_\ 9Xeb _Xj J\Zk`fe ('/ kXo Zi\[`k Xe[ kXo \o\dgk `eZfd\ kf ]iXeb Xggifo`dXk\cpID(%0-Y`cc`fef]`kj[`jki`YlkXYc\i\j\im\jXk*(;\Z\dY\i)''0`]gX`[flkXj[`m`[\e[j% K_\ =`eXeZ\ 8Zk )''. `ekif[lZ\[ X j`e^c\ k`\i ZfdgXep `eZfd\ kXo jpjk\d n`k_ \]]\Zk ]ifd p\Xi f] Xjj\jjd\ek )''/% 8j jlZ_#k_\J\Zk`fe('/kXoZi\[`kYXcXeZ\XjXk*(;\Z\dY\i)''.n`ccY\XmX`cXYc\kfk_\9Xeblek`cjlZ_k`d\k_\Zi\[`k`j]lccp lk`c`j\[filgfe\og`ipf]k_\j`o$p\XikiXej`k`feXcg\i`f[fe*(;\Z\dY\i)'(*#n_`Z_\m\i`j\Xic`\i% Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )(% <dgcfp\\Y\e\Ôkj `% I\k`i\d\ekY\e\Ôkj K_\Xdflekji\Zf^e`j\[`ek_\YXcXeZ\j_\\kjXi\Xj]fccfnj1 Present value of the funded obligation Fair value of plan assets Unrecognised past service cost Unrecognised actuarial loss Liability recognised in balance sheets >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 34,093 (25,972) 26,926 (18,991) 8,121 (31) (7,807) 7,935 (56) (4,802) 283 3,077 K_\>iflgdXb\jZfeki`Ylk`fejkfX]lccp]le[\[[\Ôe\[Y\e\ÔkjZ_\d\]fi`kj\dgcfp\\j%:feki`Ylk`fejkfk_\]le[Xi\ dX[\ kf X j\gXiXk\cp X[d`e`jk\i\[ ]le[% Le[\i k_\ ]le[# \c`^`Yc\ \dgcfp\\j Xi\ \ek`kc\[ kf fe\ Xe[ X _Xc] dfek_ f] k_\ ÔeXc&cXjk[iXnejXcXipdlck`gc`\[Ypk_\GcXej\im`Z\efk`e\oZ\jjf]+'lgfeXkkX`ed\ekf]k_\i\k`i\d\ekX^\f],,%=fi \dgcfp\\jn_fc\Xm\Y\]fi\k_\XkkX`ed\ekf]k_\i\k`i\d\ekX^\#k_\i\k`i\d\ekY\e\Ôkn`ccY\Zfdglk\[YXj\[fek_\ jZXc\iXk\jk`glcXk\[`ek_\ilc\jf]k_\=le[% Fe(AXelXip)''.#dXafi`kpf]k_\GcXed\dY\ijËY\e\ÔkjXZZil\[le[\ik_\;\Ôe\[9\e\ÔkGcXen\i\Zfem\ik\[kfk_\ e\n;\Ôe\[:feki`Ylk`feGcXe%Fecpk_fj\jkX]]n_fjXk`jÔ\[k_\Zi`k\i`XY\cfn#n`ccZfek`el\kfY\dX`ekX`e\[le[\ik_\ ;\Ôe\[9\e\ÔkGcXe% X% 8^\XjXk*(;\Z\dY\i)''-1Xkc\Xjk+'p\Xij Y% P\Xijf]j\im`Z\XjXk*(;\Z\dY\i)''-1Xkc\Xjk,p\Xij Z% Jldf]X^\Xe[p\Xijf]j\im`Z\XjXk*(;\Z\dY\i)''-1Xkc\Xjk,,p\Xij GcXeXjj\kjZfdgi`j\1 Equities Property Securities Others >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 7,739 7,661 7,558 3,014 3,266 7,653 6,533 1,539 25,972 18,991 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 63 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )(% <dgcfp\\Y\e\ÔkjZfek`el\[ `% I\k`i\d\ekY\e\ÔkjZfek`el\[ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Dfm\d\ek`ek_\gi\j\ekmXcl\f]k_\[\Ôe\[Y\e\ÔkfYc`^Xk`fej1 64 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' Defined benefit obligations at 1 January Benefits paid by the plan Current service costs and interest Actuarial losses 26,926 (1,028) 2,778 5,417 25,282 (2,107) 2,453 1,298 Defined benefit obligations at 31 December 34,093 26,926 Dfm\d\ek`ek_\]X`imXcl\f]gcXeXjj\kj1 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' Fair value of plan assets at 1 January Contribution paid into the plan Benefits paid by the plan Expected return on plan assets Actuarial gains/(losses) 18,991 4,589 (1,028) 1,293 2,127 21,295 1,145 (2,107) 1,432 (2,774) Fair value of plan assets at 31 December 25,972 18,991 _\Xdflekji\Zf^e`j\[`ek_\`eZfd\jkXk\d\ekXi\Xj]fccfnj1 K >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' Current service cost Interest cost Expected return on plan assets Net actuarial loss recognised in the year Prior service cost 1,297 1,481 (1,293) 285 25 1,256 1,197 (1,432) 25 25 Amount included under “personnel costs” 1,795 1,071 Actual return on plan assets 3,420 (1,342) Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )(% <dgcfp\\Y\e\ÔkjZfek`el\[ `% I\k`i\d\ekY\e\ÔkjZfek`el\[ Dfm\d\ekj`ek_\e\kc`XY`c`kpi\Zf^e`j\[`ek_\YXcXeZ\j_\\kjXi\Xj]fccfnj1 Opening net liability as at 1 January Recommended expenses as above Contributions paid >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 3,077 3,151 1,795 1,071 (4,589) (1,145) 283 3,077 Gi`eZ`gXcXZklXi`XcXjjldgk`fejlj\[Xkk_\YXcXeZ\j_\\kj[Xk\\ogi\jj\[Xjn\`^_k\[Xm\iX^\j 1 Discount rate Rate of increase in salary levels Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets Price inflation >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ 5.50% 7.00% 7.00% 3.50% 5.75% 7.00% 7.00% 3.50% jjldgk`feji\^Xi[`e^]lkli\dfikXc`kpXi\YXj\[feglYc`j_\[jkXk`jk`ZjXe[dfikXc`kpkXYc\j%K_\Xm\iX^\c`]\\og\ZkXeZp 8 f]Xe`e[`m`[lXci\k`i`e^`jXkk_\X^\f],,p\Xij% _\fm\iXcc\og\Zk\[cfe^$k\idiXk\f]i\kliefeXjj\kj`j.g\iXeeld%K_\\og\Zk\[cfe^$k\idiXk\f]i\klie`jYXj\[ K fek_\gfik]fc`fXjXn_fc\Xe[efkfek_\jldf]k_\i\kliejfe`e[`m`[lXcXjj\kZXk\^fi`\j%K_\i\klie`jYXj\[\oZclj`m\cp fe_`jkfi`ZXci\kliej#n`k_flkX[aljkd\ekj% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 65 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )(% <dgcfp\\Y\e\ÔkjZfek`el\[ `% I\k`i\d\ekY\e\ÔkjZfek`el\[ ?`jkfi`ZXc`e]fidXk`fe >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 IDË''' )''/ IDË''' )''. IDË''' Present value of the defined benefit obligation Fair value of plan assets 34,093 (25,972) 26,926 (18,991) 25,282 (21,295) 41,474 (39,051) 41,137 (36,095) 8,121 7,935 3,987 2,423 5,042 (2,127) 2,774 (1,132) (1,060) 637 4,850 36 1,037 492 1,338 566 1,262 1,251 (1,270) - :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Deficit in the plan Experience adjustments arising on plan assets - (gains)/losses Experience adjustments arising on plan liabilities - losses Assumption adjustment on plan liabilities - losses/ (gains) 66 )''- IDË''' )'', IDË''' The Group and the Bank expect RM 2,988,377 contribution to be paid to the funded defined benefit plan in year 2010. ``% J_Xi\fgk`fegcXe The Group and the Bank has a number of stock option programs for its officers and employees as part of a discretionary award package. Options are granted on Citigroup Inc. stock at the market value denominated in US dollar at the time of grant. Option granted in October, 2009 has a six year term and will vest 33% each year over a three year period, provided the staff remains continuously employed in the Bank. >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ Outstanding at 1 January Granted Vested Lapsed/cancelled 179,715 681,797 (98,012) 187,617 71,861 (4,804) (74,959) Outstanding at 31 December 763,500 179,715 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )(% <dgcfp\\Y\e\ÔkjZfek`el\[ ``% J_Xi\fgk`fegcXeZfek`el\[ ;\kX`cjf]j_Xi\fgk`fej^iXek\[[li`e^k_\p\Xi1 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ <og`ip[Xk\j 8m\iX^\^iXekgi`Z\g\ifi[`eXipj_Xi\ID 8^^i\^Xk\[gifZ\\[j`]j_Xi\jXi\`jjl\[IDË''' ;\kX`cjf]j_Xi\fgk`fej\o\iZ`j\[[li`e^k_\p\Xi1 P\Xif]\og`ip 8m\iX^\\o\iZ`j\gi`Z\g\ifi[`eXipj_Xi\ID 8^^i\^Xk\[`jjl\gifZ\\[jIDË''' =X`imXcl\Xk[Xk\f]m\jk`e^IDË''' K\idjf]k_\fgk`fejflkjkXe[`e^Xk*(;\Z\dY\i1 <og`ip[Xk\j Feb 2009 Sep 2009 Jan 2010 Apr 2010 Apr 2010 Oct 2010 Jan 2011 Jan 2011 Aug 2011 Jan 2012 Feb 2012 Feb 2012 Jan 2013 Jan 2014 Oct 2015 FZk)0#)'(, AXe))#)'(+ (*%0/ /+%./ 0#,*+-#'0( $ $ $ $ )''/$)'() ,)%0) ),+ -#+0( >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ <o\iZ`j\gi`Z\ RM 111.13 RM 153.12 RM 169.66 RM 142.05 RM 189.30 RM 162.43 RM 169.82 RM 162.81 RM 151.52 RM 167.67 RM 143.60 RM 144.33 RM 186.39 RM 83.80 RM 13.98 22,501 21,939 1,912 6,433 23,247 4,131 2,681 415 2,038 32,422 635 16,237 628,909 21,084 5,000 25,669 23,869 6,433 24,526 2,681 622 29,710 827 39,294 - 763,500 179,715 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 67 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )(% <dgcfp\\Y\e\ÔkjZfek`el\[ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik ```% J_Xi\ZXg`kXcXZZldlcXk`fegcXe:8G 68 K_\>iflgXe[k_\9Xeb_XjXeldY\if]ZXg`kXcXZZldlcXk`fegif^iXdj]fi`kjf]ÔZ\ijXe[\dgcfp\\j%K_\:fi\:8G`jX [`jZi\k`feXipXnXi[f]i\jki`Zk\[j_Xi\j%K_\eldY\if]:8Gj_Xi\j`eX:fi\:8GXnXi[`jZXcZlcXk\[lj`e^X),[`jZflek ]ifdk_\dXib\kgi`Z\f]:`k`^iflgZfddfejkfZb%Jlggc\d\ekXc:8G`jX[`jZi\k`feXipi\k\ek`feXnXi[gif^iXdZfdgfj\[ f] Xe XnXi[ f] :8G j_Xi\j% K_\ [`]]\i\eZ\ Y\kn\\e Jlggc\d\ekXc :8G XnXi[ Xe[ X Zfi\ :8G XnXi[ `j k_Xk ^\e\iXccp# X Jlggc\d\ekXip:8G`j^`m\e`eX[[`k`fekfk_\[`jZi\k`feXipXnXi[gXZbX^\Xe[k_\eldY\if]j_Xi\jXnXi[\[n`ccefkY\ YXj\[feX[`jZflek]ifdk_\dXib\kgi`Z\f]:`k`^iflgZfddfejkfZb%:8G^iXek\[`e)''0kpg`ZXccpm\jk),\XZ_p\Xi]fi ]flip\Xij#n`k_k_\Ôijkm\jk`e^[Xk\fZZlii`e^()dfek_jX]k\ik_\^iXek[Xk\%J_Xi\jXZhl`i\[lgfe\o\iZ`j\f]X:8Gfgk`fe ^\e\iXccpdXpefkY\jfc[]fiknfp\Xij]fccfn`e^k_\\o\iZ`j\[Xk\% >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ Outstanding at 1 January Granted Vested Lapsed/cancelled Net transferred in/out 176,565 224,975 (48,705) (20,034) 112,862 155,234 127,446 (31,791) (74,324) - Outstanding at 31 December 445,663 176,565 ;\kX`cjf]:8G^iXek\[[li`e^k_\p\Xi1 Expiry dates Average grant price per ordinary share (RM) Aggregated proceeds if shares are issued (RM’000) >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ Jan 20, 2013 16.01 3,602 Jan 17, 2011Jul 18, 2011 91.30 11,636 12.40 4,915 604 83.82 5,594 2,665 Details of CAP vested during the year: Average exercise price per ordinary share (RM) Aggregated issue proceeds (RM’000) Fair value at date of vesting (RM’000) Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )(% <dgcfp\\Y\e\ÔkjZfek`el\[ ```% J_Xi\ZXg`kXcXZZldlcXk`fegcXe:8G Zfek`el\[ K\idjf]k_\:8GflkjkXe[`e^Xk*(;\Z\dY\i1 P\Xif]\og`ip >iXekgi`Z\ Jan 2009 Jan 2010 Jan 2011 July 2011 Jan 2012 Jan 2013 RM 166.25 RM 167.17 RM 186.66 RM 178.88 RM 90.25 RM 16.01 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ 25,244 45,893 8,624 144,619 221,283 222 21,768 35,074 119,501 - 445,663 176,565 ))% @ek\i\jk`eZfd\ Loans and advances - Interest income other than recoveries from NPLs - Recoveries from NPLs Money at call and deposit placements with financial institutions Securities held-for-trading Securities available-for-sale Securities held-to-maturity Securities purchase under resale agreements >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 1,301,509 10,074 1,477,977 12,684 167,431 53,794 160,584 1,995 7,068 494,690 64,498 110,470 829 22,560 Accretion of discount/(Amortisation of premium) 1,702,455 3,742 2,183,708 (15,905) Total interest income 1,706,197 2,167,803 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 69 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )*% @ek\i\jk\og\ej\ Deposits and placements of banks and other financial institutions Deposits from customers Loans sold to Cagamas Others >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 53,631 380,389 40,536 289,575 611,799 6,289 42,115 474,556 949,778 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik )+% Fk_\ifg\iXk`e^`eZfd\ 70 Fee income: Commission Service charges and fees Guarantee fees Bankcard fees Insurance premium and referral Other fee income Unrealised (loss)/gain from revaluation of securities held-for-trading Net gain from sales of securities - securities held-for-trading - securities available-for-sale Gross dividends from securities held-to-maturity Other income: Foreign exchange profit - unrealised gain - realised gain Loss from derivatives Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 167,188 607 8,609 193,467 18,085 15,056 168,734 836 8,066 181,884 17,377 12,451 403,012 389,348 (17,492) 23,228 14,882 57,240 25 84,779 19,226 1,719 54,655 128,952 208,180 21,812 (131,873) (277) 328,864 36,092 (194,237) (227) 97,842 170,492 555,509 688,792 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj ),% Fk_\ifg\iXk`e^\og\ej\j >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' - Salaries, allowances and bonuses - Contributions to Employees Provident Fund - Staff benefits and other compensations - Others Establishment costs - Depreciation - Rental of premises - Hire of equipments - Utilities - Others Marketing expenses - Advertisement and promotional expenses - Others Administrative and general expenses - Processing cost - Auditors’ remuneration - Statutory audit - Other services - Property, plant and equipment written off - Stationeries and supplies - Communication expenses - Maintenance of office equipment - Others Total other operating expenses 186,525 29,747 80,456 1,411 191,280 32,483 120,355 10,721 298,139 354,839 32,468 16,605 9,141 4,620 8,521 27,044 22,312 3,716 5,936 2,906 71,355 61,914 85,012 1,453 79,502 2,629 86,465 82,131 146,716 140,455 266 357 11,680 15,870 29,616 108,564 266 33 30 9,399 19,720 21,130 92,204 313,069 283,237 769,028 782,121 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Personnel costs 71 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj ),% Fk_\ifg\iXk`e^\og\ej\jZfek`el\[ `% CEO and Directors’ remuneration :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Executive Directors (including CEO) Salary and other remuneration, including meeting allowances Bonuses Benefits-in-kind Share-based payment 72 Non-executive Directors Fees >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 2,417 410 311 1,764 1,833 1,283 314 438 225 225 5,127 4,093 Number of Directors of Bank whose total remuneration (excluding benefits-in-kind) for the financial year falls in the following bands: >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ Executive Directors RM4,500,001 to RM5,500,000 RM3,500,001 to RM4,500,000 1 - 1 Non-executive Directors RM50,001 to RM100,000 3 3 ``% Other key management personnel: - short-term employee benefits >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 1,855 2,148 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )-% 8ccfnXeZ\]ficfjj\jfecfXejXe[ÔeXeZ`e^ >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' Specific allowance - made in the financial year - written back 296,150 (64,136) 248,190 (66,009) General allowance - reversal during the year (20,090) (11,107) Bad debts on loan and financing - written back - written off (32,325) 1,460 (42,628) 3,237 181,059 131,683 ).% KXoXk`fe Malaysian income tax - current year - prior year over provision Deferred tax expense - Origination and reversal of temporary differences >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 223,460 (6,261) 267,776 (4,399) 217,199 263,377 4,250 2,446 221,449 265,823 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Allowance for bad and doubtful debts on loans and financing: 73 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj ).% KXoXk`feZfek`el\[ 8i\ZfeZ`c`Xk`fef]k_\`eZfd\kXo\og\ej\Y\kn\\ek_\jkXklkfipkXoiXk\Xe[\]]\Zk`m\kXoiXk\`jXj]fccfnj1$ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 74 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' Profit before taxation 895,674 1,038,223 Income tax using Malaysian tax rate of 25% (2008 - 26%) Non-deductible expenses Effect of changes in tax rate Others 223,919 313 1,725 1,753 269,938 2,052 (1,768) - Over provision in prior year 227,710 (6,261) 270,222 (4,399) 221,449 265,823 K_\=`eXeZ\8Zk)''.XeefleZ\[k_\i\[lZk`fef]ZfigfiXk\kXoiXk\kf)-n`k_\]]\Zk]ifdp\Xif]Xjj\jjd\ek)''/Xe[kf ), n`k_ \]]\Zk ]ifd p\Xi f] Xjj\jjd\ek )''0 i\jg\Zk`m\cp% :fej\hl\ekcp# [\]\ii\[ kXo Xjj\kj Xe[ c`XY`c`k`\j Xi\ d\Xjli\[ lj`e^k_\j\kXoiXk\j% )/% <Xie`e^jg\ij_Xi\ _\\Xie`e^jg\ifi[`eXipj_Xi\_Xm\Y\\eZXcZlcXk\[YXj\[fek_\e\kgifÔkX]k\ikXoXk`fef]ID-.+#)),#''' K )''/$ID..)#+''#''' [`m`[\[Ypk_\eldY\if]fi[`eXipj_Xi\jf]( )(#-0-#0.)ID(\XZ_`e`jjl\f][li`e^k_\p\Xi% )0% ;`m`[\e[j ;`m`[\e[ji\Zf^e`j\[`ek_\Zlii\ekp\XiYpk_\9XebXi\1 )''0 Final 2008 ordinary Interim 2009 ordinary Total amount J\e g\ij_Xi\ e\kf]kXo 329 247 KfkXc Xdflek IDË''' 400,000 300,000 700,000 ;Xk\f] gXpd\ek 5 May 2009 22 Dec 2009 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj )0 ;`m`[\e[jZfek`el\[ )''0 Final ordinary J\e g\ij_Xi\ e\kf]kXo KfkXc Xdflek IDË''' 205 250,000 *'% J`^e`ÔZXeki\cXk\[gXikpkiXejXZk`fejXe[YXcXeZ\j =fik_\gligfj\f]k_\j\ÔeXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj#gXik`\jXi\Zfej`[\i\[kfY\i\cXk\[kfk_\>iflgfik_\9Xeb`]k_\>iflgfi k_\9Xeb_Xjk_\XY`c`kp#[`i\Zkcpfi`e[`i\Zkcp#kfZfekifck_\gXikpfi\o\iZ`j\j`^e`ÔZXek`eÕl\eZ\fm\ik_\gXikp`edXb`e^ ÔeXeZ`XcXe[fg\iXk`e^[\Z`j`fej#fim`Z\m\ijX#fin_\i\k_\>iflgfik_\9XebXe[k_\gXikpXi\jlYa\ZkkfZfddfeZfekifc fiZfddfej`^e`ÔZXek`eÕl\eZ\%I\cXk\[gXik`\jdXpY\`e[`m`[lXcjfifk_\i\ek`k`\j% K_\i\cXk\[gXik`\jf]k_\>iflgXe[f]k_\9XebXi\1 `% GXi\ekZfdgXe`\j GXi\ekZfdgXe`\jf]k_\>iflgXe[f]k_\9XebXi\:`k`^iflg?fc[`e^jJ`e^Xgfi\ Gk\%Ck[%Xe[:`k`^iflg@eZ% ``% Fk_\ii\cXk\[ZfdgXe`\j <ek`k`\j n_`Z_ Xi\ i\cXk\[ Yp m`ikl\ f] _Xm`e^ :`k`^iflg ?fc[`e^j J`e^Xgfi\ Gk\% Ck[% fi :`k`YXeb Fm\ij\Xj @em\jkd\ek :figfiXk`feXjk_\_fc[`e^ZfdgXe`\jXe[_Xm`e^:`k`^iflg@eZ%Xjk_\lck`dXk\_fc[`e^ZfdgXep% ```% B\pdXeX^\d\ekg\ijfee\c B\p dXeX^\d\ek g\ijfee\c Xi\ [\Ôe\[ Xj k_fj\ g\ijfej _Xm`e^ Xlk_fi`kp Xe[ i\jgfej`Y`c`kp ]fi gcXee`e^# [`i\Zk`e^ Xe[ Zfekifcc`e^ k_\ XZk`m`k`\j f] k_\ >iflg fi f] k_\ 9Xeb \`k_\i [`i\Zkcp fi `e[`i\Zkcp% K_\ b\p dXeX^\d\ek g\ijfee\c f] k_\ >iflgfif]k_\9Xeb`eZcl[\jXcck_\;`i\ZkfijXe[Z\ikX`ed\dY\ijf]j\e`fidXeX^\d\ekf]k_\>iflgfif]k_\9Xeb% B\pdXeX^\d\ekg\ijfee\cZfdg\ejXk`fe`j[`jZcfj\[`eEfk\),` Xe[`` % :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik ]k\ik_\YXcXeZ\j_\\kj[Xk\k_\]fccfn`e^[`m`[\e[jn\i\gifgfj\[Ypk_\;`i\Zkfij%K_\j\[`m`[\e[jn`ccY\i\Zf^e`j\[`e 8 jlYj\hl\ekÔeXeZ`Xci\gfikjlgfeXggifmXcYpk_\j_Xi\_fc[\ij% 75 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *'% J`^e`ÔZXeki\cXk\[gXikpkiXejXZk`fejXe[YXcXeZ\jZfek`el\[ KiXejXZk`fejXe[YXcXeZ\jn`k_gXi\ekZfdgXe`\jXe[fk_\ii\cXk\[ZfdgXe`\j :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik @eZfd\ Interest on interest bearing deposits Other income <og\e[`kli\ Interest on interest bearing deposits Other expenses 8dflek[l\]ifd Interest bearing deposits Current account balances Other balances 76 8dflek[l\kf Interest bearing deposits Current account balances Other balances >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 IDË''' IDË''' GXi\ek Fk_\ii\cXk\[ ZfdgXe`\j ZfdgXe`\j >iflgXe[9Xeb )''/ IDË''' IDË''' GXi\ek Fk_\ii\cXk\[ ZfdgXe`\j ZfdgXe`\j 4,465 145,434 76,869 5,789 399,096 240,005 4,465 222,303 5,789 639,101 32,692 35,156 250,135 114,600 265,881 192,353 32,692 285,291 114,600 458,234 3,508 38,325 2,582,634 102,750 42,349 6,514 245,595 11,164,302 182,081 455,823 41,833 2,727,733 252,109 11,802,206 34,911 46,233 29,341 53,578 1,071,156 83,663 269,687 9,181,419 183,852 367,937 81,144 1,154,075 353,350 9,733,208 8cc i\cXk\[ gXikp kiXejXZk`fej Xi\ Zfe[lZk\[ Xk XidËj c\e^k_ YXj`j Xe[ fe efidXc Zfdd\iZ`Xc k\idj n_`Z_ Xi\ efk dfi\ ]XmfliXYc\k_Xek_fj\^\e\iXccpXmX`cXYc\kfglYc`Z% Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *(% :i\[`kkiXejXZk`fejXe[\ogfjli\jn`k_Zfee\Zk\[gXik`\j Outstanding credit exposures with connected parties of which: Total credit exposure which is non-performing or in default Total credit exposures Percentage of outstanding credit exposures to connected parties - as a proportion of total credit exposures - as a proportion of capital base - which is non-performing or in default >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 1,331,305 1,211,948 1 5 63,521,791 63,409,654 2.10% 1.91% 34.06% 30.68% 0.00% 0.00% K_\[`jZcfjli\fe:i\[`kKiXejXZk`fejXe[<ogfjli\jn`k_:fee\Zk\[GXik`\jXYfm\Xi\gi\j\ek\[`eXZZfi[XeZ\n`k_gXiX0%( f]9XebE\^XiXDXcXpj`XËji\m`j\[>l`[\c`e\jfe:i\[`kKiXejXZk`fejXe[<ogfjli\jn`k_:fee\Zk\[GXik`\j#n_`Z_Y\ZXd\ \]]\Zk`m\fe(AXelXip)''/% 9Xj\[fek_\j\^l`[\c`e\j#XZfee\Zk\[gXikpi\]\ijkfk_\]fccfn`e^1 `% ;`i\Zkfijf]k_\9XebXe[k_\`iZcfj\i\cXk`m\j2 ``% :fekifcc`e^j_Xi\_fc[\iXe[_`jZcfj\i\cXk`m\j2 ```% <o\Zlk`m\F]ÔZ\i#Y\`e^Xd\dY\if]dXeX^\d\ek_Xm`e^Xlk_fi`kpXe[i\jgfej`Y`c`kp]figcXee`e^#[`i\Zk`e^Xe[&fi Zfekifcc`e^k_\XZk`m`k`\jf]k_\9Xeb#Xe[_`jZcfj\i\cXk`m\j2 ]ÔZ\ijn_fXi\i\jgfej`Yc\]fifi_Xm\k_\Xlk_fi`kpkfXggiX`j\Xe[&fiXggifm\Zi\[`kkiXejXZk`fejfii\m`\nk_\jkXklj `m% F f]\o`jk`e^Zi\[`kkiXejXZk`fej#\`k_\iXjXd\dY\if]XZfdd`kk\\fi`e[`m`[lXccp#Xe[k_\`iZcfj\i\cXk`m\j2 `idj#gXike\ij_`gj#ZfdgXe`\jfiXepc\^Xc\ek`k`\jn_`Z_Zfekifc#fiXi\Zfekifcc\[YpXepg\ijfec`jk\[`e` kf`m XYfm\# m% = fi`en_`Z_k_\p_Xm\Xe`ek\i\jk#XjX[`i\Zkfi#gXike\i#\o\Zlk`m\f]ÔZ\i#X^\ekfi^lXiXekfi#Xe[k_\`ijlYj`[`Xi`\jfi \ek`k`\jZfekifcc\[Ypk_\d2 m`% 8epg\ijfe]fin_fdk_\g\ijfejc`jk\[`e` kf`m XYfm\`jX^lXiXekfi2Xe[ m``% JlYj`[`Xipf]fiXe\ek`kpZfekifcc\[Ypk_\9XebXe[`kjZfee\Zk\[gXik`\j% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 77 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *(% :i\[`kkiXejXZk`fejXe[\ogfjli\jn`k_Zfee\Zk\[gXik`\jZfek`el\[ i\[`k kiXejXZk`fej Xe[ \ogfjli\j kf Zfee\Zk\[ gXik`\j Xj [`jZcfj\[ XYfm\ `eZcl[\j k_\ \ok\ej`fe f] Zi\[`k ]XZ`c`k`\j Xe[&fi : f]]$YXcXeZ\j_\\kZi\[`k\ogfjli\jjlZ_Xj^lXiXek\\j#kiX[\$i\cXk\[]XZ`c`k`\jXe[cfXeZfdd`kd\ekj%@kXcjf`eZcl[\j_fc[`e^j f]\hl`k`\jXe[gi`mXk\[\Ykj\Zli`k`\j`jjl\[Ypk_\Zfee\Zk\[gXik`\j% _\Zi\[`kkiXejXZk`fejn`k_Zfee\Zk\[gXik`\jXYfm\Xi\XcckiXejXZk\[feXeXidËjc\e^k_YXj`jXe[fek\idjXe[Zfe[`k`fej K efdfi\]XmfliXYc\k_Xek_fj\\ek\i\[`ekfn`k_fk_\iZflek\igXik`\jn`k_j`d`cXiZ`iZldjkXeZ\jXe[Zi\[`knfik_`e\jj%;l\ ZXi\_XjY\\ekXb\ekf\ejli\k_Xkk_\Zi\[`knfik_`e\jjf]k_\Zfee\Zk\[gXikp`jefkc\jjk_Xek_XkefidXccpi\hl`i\[f]fk_\i g\ijfej% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik *)% ;\i`mXk`m\ÔeXeZ`Xc`ejkild\ekj 78 Foreign exchange related contracts: - Forwards - Cross currency interest rate swaps - Options Interest rate contracts: - Futures - Swaps - Options Equity related contracts Others Contract Amount RM’000 2009 Positive fair value RM’000 Negative fair value RM’000 Contract amount RM’000 2008 Positive fair value RM’000 Negative fair value RM’000 23,665,292 103,489 92,287 49,159,458 604,114 564,053 12,840,992 788,872 261,250 9,434 176,439 3,366 15,578,565 2,587,234 358,947 87,651 300,750 32,457 14,421,398 54,584,009 671,050 375,161 17 483,352 11 16,224,875 54,233,405 667,350 634,162 7 775,440 41 1,396,582 782,511 18,164 7,887 18,404 9,881 1,557,939 960,559 15,156 8,281 20,361 25,556 109,150,706 775,402 783,740 140,969,385 1,708,318 1,718,658 Note 10 Note 17 Note 10 Note 17 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj **% =`eXeZ`Xci`jbdXeX^\d\ek K_`jj\Zk`fegifm`[\jk_\[\kX`cjf]k_\>iflgËjXe[k_\9XebËj\ogfjli\kfk_\gi`eZ`gXci`jbjk_\pXjjld\j`eZfe[lZk`e^k_\`i XZk`m`k`\jXe[k_\d\k_f[jlj\[`edXeX^`e^k_\j\i`jbj% `% DXib\kI`jb Xib\ki`jb\eZfdgXjj\jgi`Z\i`jbXe[c`hl`[`kpi`jb#Yfk_Xi`j`e^`ek_\efidXcZflij\f]Ylj`e\jjfg\iXk`fejf]k_\9Xeb% D DXib\ki`jb`jdXeX^\[k_ifl^_ZfigfiXk\$n`[\jkXe[Xi[jXe[Ylj`e\jj$jg\Z`ÔZgfc`Z`\jXe[gifZ\[li\jn`k_k_\_\cgf] i\jgfej`Yc\g\ijfee\cXe[Zfdd`kk\\j[\c\^Xk\[Ypk_\9fXi[f];`i\ZkfijjlZ_Xjk_\I`jbDXeX^\d\ek:fdd`kk\\#8jj\k Xe[ C`XY`c`kp :fdd`kk\\ Xe[ DXib\k I`jb DXeX^\d\ek% K_\ Ylj`e\jj `j i\hl`i\[ kf \jkXYc`j_ i`jb d\Xjli\j# c`d`kj Xe[ Zfekifcj#Zc\Xicp[\Ôe`e^Xggifm\[i`jbgifÔc\jn`k_`ek_\gXiXd\k\ijf]k_\9XebËjfm\iXcci`jbXgg\k`k\% Gi`Z\i`jb`jk_\i`jbXjjfZ`Xk\[kf\Xie`e^jXi`j`e^]ifdZ_Xe^\j`e`ek\i\jkiXk\i`jb#]fi\`^e\oZ_Xe^\iXk\j#\hl`kpXe[ Zfddf[`kpgi`Z\jXe[`ek_\`i`dgc`\[mfcXk`c`k`\j%Gi`Z\i`jbXi`j\j`eefe$kiX[`e^Xjn\ccXjkiX[`e^gfik]fc`fj%Gi`Z\i`jb`e efe$kiX[`e^gfik]fc`f`jd\Xjli\[gi\[fd`eXekcpk_ifl^_\Xie`e^j$Xk$i`jbXe[]XZkfij\ej`k`m`k`\jjlggc\d\ek\[n`k_ X[[`k`feXckffcjjlZ_Xjjki\jjk\jk`e^Xe[Zfjk$kf$Zcfj\XeXcpj`j%Gi`Z\i`jb`ekiX[`e^gfik]fc`fj`jd\Xjli\[k_ifl^_kffcj jlZ_Xj]XZkfij\ej`k`m`k`\j#mXcl\$Xk$i`jbXe[jki\jjk\jk`e^% @ek\i\jk iXk\ i`jb gi`dXi`cp i\jlckj ]ifd k_\ k`d`e^ [`]]\i\eZ\j `e k_\ i\gi`Z`e^ f] `ek\i\jk Y\Xi`e^ Xjj\kj# c`XY`c`k`\j Xe[ Zfdd`kd\ekj%@k`jXcjfi\cXk\[kfgfj`k`fej]ifdefe$`ek\i\jkY\Xi`e^c`XY`c`k`\j`eZcl[`e^j_Xi\_fc[\ijË]le[jXe[Zlii\ek XZZflekj#Xjn\ccXj]ifdZ\ikX`eÔo\[iXk\cfXejXe[c`XY`c`k`\j% K_\>iflgXe[k_\9XebXi\\ogfj\[kfjlZ_i`jbjXjjfZ`Xk\[n`k_k_\\]]\Zkjf]k_\ÕlZklXk`fej`ek_\gi\mX`c`e^dXib\k `ek\i\jkiXk\jfe`kjÔeXeZ`Xcgfj`k`fejXe[ZXj_Õfnj% @ek\i\jk&gifÔkiXk\i`jb _\>iflgXe[k_\9XebXi\\ogfj\[kfmXi`flji`jbjXjjfZ`Xk\[n`k_k_\\]]\Zkjf]k_\ÕlZklXk`fej`ek_\gi\mX`c`e^dXib\k K `ek\i\jkiXk\jfe`kjÔeXeZ`Xcgfj`k`fejXe[ZXj_Õfnj%K_\]fccfn`e^kXYc\`e[`ZXk\jk_\\]]\Zk`m\`ek\i\jkiXk\Xkk_\YXcXeZ\ j_\\kj[Xk\Xe[k_\g\i`f[j`en_`Z_k_\ÔeXeZ`Xc`ejkild\ekji\gi`Z\fidXkli\n_`Z_\m\i`j\Xic`\i% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Gi`Z\I`jb 79 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj **% =`eXeZ`Xci`jbdXeX^\d\ekZfek`el\[ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik @ek\i\jk&gifÔkiXk\i`jbZfek`el\[ Lgkf( >iflg dfek_ )''0 IDË''' 80 8JJ<KJ Cash and short term funds Deposits and placements with banks and other financial institutions Securities purchased under resale agreements Securities held-for-trading Securities available-for-sale Securities held-to-maturity Loans, advances and financing - performing - non-performing Other assets Statutory deposits with BNM Deferred tax assets Property, plant and equipment 5($* dfek_j IDË''' 5*$() dfek_j IDË''' 5($, p\Xij IDË''' Fm\i, Efe$`ek\i\jk p\Xij j\ej`k`m\ IDË''' IDË''' KiX[`e^ Yffb IDË''' KfkXc IDË''' <]]\Zk`m\ `ek\i\jk iXk\ 10,345,906 - - - - 368,073 - 10,713,979 1.21% - 236,463 890,816 200,209 964 - - 1,328,452 2.61% 74,940 - 200,568 - 778,321 - 3,555,716 - 743,139 - 7,499 2,326,772 - 2,326,772 5,352,684 7,499 2.55% 3.25% 12,735,098 - 890,276 - 898,897 - 3,312,926 - 854,485 - (430,856) 236,246 1,066,002 5,200 37,463 62,664 - 18,260,826 236,246 1,066,002 5,200 37,463 62,664 7.12% 23,155,944 1,327,307 2,568,034 7,068,851 1,598,588 1,352,291 2,326,772 39,397,787 20,111,743 4,542,066 4,126,116 1,039,158 10,000 - - 29,829,083 1.40% 57,171 - 111,570 - 400,000 128,468 48,010 2,150,482 - - 3,694,910 48,010 2,150,482 400,000 0.77% KfkXcc`XY`c`k`\j Shareholders’ equity 23,496,194 4,555,316 4,183,287 - 1,150,728 - 410,000 - 2,326,960 3,275,302 - 36,122,485 3,275,302 KfkXcc`XY`c`k`\jXe[ j_Xi\_fc[\ijË\hl`kp 23,496,194 4,555,316 4,183,287 1,150,728 410,000 5,602,262 - 39,397,787 (340,250) (3,228,009) (1,615,253) 5,918,123 1,188,588 (4,249,971) 2,326,772 807,836 47,000 - - (333,543) (941,901) (4,030,249) 6,725,959 1,235,588 (4,249,971) 2,326,772 KfkXcXjj\kj C@89@C@K@<J8E; J?8I<?FC;<IJË<HL@KP Deposits from customers Deposits and placements of banks and other financial institutions Bills and acceptances payable Other liabilities Subordinated loan On-balance sheets interest sensitivity gap Off-balance sheets interest sensitivity gap 3,384,451 - 13,250 - 6,707 2,286,108 (2,414,996) 3.44% Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj @ek\i\jk&gifÔkiXk\i`jbZfek`el\[ Lgkf( >iflg dfek_ )''/ IDË''' 8JJ<KJ Cash and short term funds Deposits and placements with banks and other financial institutions Securities purchased under resale agreements Securities held-for-trading Securities available-for-sale Securities held-to-maturity Loans, advances and financing - performing - non-performing Other assets Statutory deposits with BNM Deferred tax assets Property, plant and equipment 5($, p\Xij IDË''' Fm\i, Efe$`ek\i\jk p\Xij j\ej`k`m\ IDË''' IDË''' KiX[`e^ Yffb IDË''' KfkXc IDË''' <]]\Zk`m\ `ek\i\jk iXk\ - - 190,605 - 12,384,425 3.03% 431,828 1,484,628 736,030 2,966 - - 2,655,452 3.80% 858,489 - 3,880,246 - 492,336 - 7,499 3,183,108 - 125,771 3,183,108 5,291,218 7,499 3.61% 3.01% 3.62% 800,907 1,099,671 - 3,206,768 - 972,914 - (347,959) 249,979 2,054,554 508,292 22,503 54,834 - 19,598,851 249,979 2,054,554 508,292 22,503 54,834 7.40% 26,217,045 1,261,978 3,442,788 7,823,044 1,468,216 2,740,307 3,183,108 46,136,486 19,999,271 3,149,852 5,190,617 1,209,900 40,000 - - 29,589,640 2.29% 533,279 - 34,026 - 400,000 141,183 42,269 3,146,546 - - 9,602,856 42,269 3,146,546 400,000 2.77% KfkXcc`XY`c`k`\j Shareholders’ equity 28,556,351 3,487,140 5,723,896 - 1,243,926 - 440,000 - 3,329,998 3,355,175 - 42,781,311 3,355,175 KfkXcc`XY`c`k`\jXe[ j_Xi\_fc[\ijË\hl`kp 28,556,351 3,487,140 5,723,896 1,243,926 440,000 6,685,173 - 46,136,486 (2,339,306) (2,225,162) (2,281,108) 6,579,118 1,028,216 (3,944,866) 3,183,108 705,984 2,445,069 (4,319,761) 1,223,223 7,509 - - 1,035,725 (3,944,866) 3,183,108 C@89@C@K@<J8E; J?8I<?FC;<IJË<HL@KP Deposits from customers Deposits and placements of banks and other financial institutions Bills and acceptances payable Other liabilities Subordinated loan On-balance sheets interest sensitivity gap Off-balance sheets interest sensitivity gap 116,675 40,000 13,866,550 - 8,557,080 - (1,633,322) - 5*$() dfek_j IDË''' - KfkXcXjj\kj 12,193,820 5($* dfek_j IDË''' 9,096 20,147 - 337,288 - 219,907 (6,600,869) 7,802,341 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik **% =`eXeZ`Xci`jbdXeX^\d\ekZfek`el\[ 81 4.63% Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj **% =`eXeZ`Xci`jbdXeX^\d\ekZfek`el\[ `% DXib\kI`jbZfek`el\[ C`hl`[`kpI`jb :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik `hl`[`kpi`jb`jk_\i`jbk_Xkk_\9Xebn`ccefkY\XYc\kfd\\k`kjÔeXeZ`XcZfdd`kd\ekjn_\e[l\%Le[\ik_\9XebËj`ek\ieXc C c`hl`[`kp i`jb dXeX^\d\ek gfc`Zp# k_\i\ Xi\ X j\k f] jkXe[Xi[j ]fi k_\ d\Xjli\d\ek f] c`hl`[`kp i`jb `e fi[\i kf \ejli\ Zfej`jk\eZp#jkXY`c`kp`ed\k_f[fcf^`\jXe[kiXejgXi\eZpf]i`jb%DXeX^\d\ekf]c`hl`[`kp`jg\i]fid\[feX[X`cpYXj`jXe[`j dfe`kfi\[ Yp k_\ Ki\Xjli\i% K_\ 8jj\k Xe[ C`XY`c`kp :fdd`kk\\ Xe[ k_\ Ki\Xjli\i le[\ikXb\j k_\ af`ek i\jgfej`Y`c`kp f] fm\iXccc`hl`[`kpi`jbdXeX^\d\ekn_`Z_Zfm\ij\jkXYc`j_`e^Xe[\e[fij`e^k_\XeelXc]le[`e^Xe[c`hl`[`kpgcXe#c`hl`[`kp c`d`kj#c`hl`[`kpiXk`fj#dXib\kki`^^\ijXe[g\i`f[`Zjki\jjk\jkj% 82 ``% :i\[`kI`jb :i\[`ki`jb`jk_\gfk\ek`Xc]fiÔeXeZ`Xccfjji\jlck`e^]ifdk_\]X`cli\f]XYfiifn\ifiZflek\igXikpkf_fefi`kjÔeXeZ`Xcfi ZfekiXZklXcfYc`^Xk`fej%:i\[`kXi`j\j`ec\e[`e^#kiX[`e^#Xe[[\i`mXk`m\jkiXejXZk`fej#j\Zli`k`\jkiXejXZk`fej#j\kkc\d\ekXe[ n_\ek_\9XebXZkjXjXe`ek\id\[`XipfeY\_Xc]f]`kjZc`\ekjXe[fk_\ik_`i[gXik`\j% _\Zi\[`ki`jbdXeX^\d\ekgifZ\jjf]k_\9Xebi\c`\jfeZfigfiXk\$n`[\jkXe[Xi[jkf\ejli\Zfej`jk\eZpXe[`ek\^i`kp#n`k_ K Ylj`e\jj$jg\Z`ÔZgfc`Z`\jXe[giXZk`Z\jkf\ejli\Xggc`ZXY`c`kpXe[fne\ij_`g%N_`c\Ylj`e\jjdXeX^\ijXe[`e[\g\e[\eki`jb dXeX^\d\ekXi\af`ekcpi\jgfej`Yc\]fidXeX^`e^i`jb&i\kliekiX[\f]]jXjn\ccXj\jkXYc`j_`e^c`d`kjXe[i`jbdXeX^\d\ek giXZk`Z\j#k_\fi`^`eXk`feXe[XggifmXcifc\jXi\Zc\Xicp[\Ôe\[Xe[j\^i\^Xk\[%@eX[[`k`fekfZfe]fid`e^kf\jkXYc`j_\[ ZfigfiXk\ jkXe[Xi[j# `e[\g\e[\ek Zi\[`k i`jb dXeX^\d\ek `j i\jgfej`Yc\ ]fi \jkXYc`j_`e^ gfc`Z`\j k_Xk Zfdgcp n`k_ cfZXc i\^lcXk`fejXe[Xepfk_\ii\c\mXekc\^Xci\hl`i\d\ekj% @e[\g\e[\ekZi\[`ki`jbdXeX^\d\ek`jXcjfi\jgfej`Yc\]fi`dgc\d\ek`e^gfik]fc`fc`d`kj#`eZcl[`e^fYc`^fic`d`kjk_ifl^_ i`jb iXk`e^# dXkli`kp Xe[ Ylj`e\jj j\^d\ekj c`d`kj kf \ejli\ [`m\ij`ÔZXk`fe f] gfik]fc`fj# dfe`kfi`e^ Ylj`e\jj i`jb dXeX^\d\ekg\i]fidXeZ\#gifm`[`e^fe$^f`e^Xjj\jjd\ekf]gfik]fc`fZi\[`ki`jbXe[Xggifm`e^e\ngif[lZkj% ```% Fg\iXk`feXcI`jb g\iXk`feXci`jb`jk_\i`jbf]cfjji\jlck`e^]ifd`eX[\hlXk\fi]X`c\[`ek\ieXcgifZ\jj\j#g\fgc\fijpjk\dj#fi]ifd\ok\ieXc F \m\ekj%@k`eZcl[\ji\glkXk`feXe[]iXeZ_`j\i`jbXjjfZ`Xk\[n`k_Ylj`e\jjgiXZk`Z\jfidXib\kZfe[lZkk_Xkk_\9XebdXp le[\ikXb\Xe[`eZcl[\jk_\i`jbf]]X`c`e^kfZfdgcpn`k_Xggc`ZXYc\cXnj#i\^lcXk`fejXe[:`k`gfc`Z`\j% Fg\iXk`feXci`jb`j`e_\i\ek`ek_\9XebËjYlj`e\jjXZk`m`k`\jXe[`jdXeX^\[k_ifl^_Xefm\iXcc]iXd\nfibn`k_Z_\ZbjXe[ YXcXeZ\jk_Xk`eZcl[\i\Zf^e`j\[fne\ij_`gf]k_\i`jbYpYlj`e\jj\jXe[`e[\g\e[\eki`jbdXeX^\d\ekfm\ij`^_k%K_\9Xeb d`k`^Xk\j`kjfg\iXk`feXci`jbYpj\kk`e^lg`kjb\pZfekifcjXe[Xjj\jjd\ekjXZZfi[`e^kf:`k`^iflgËjXe[I\^lcXkfijË jkXe[Xi[j%K_\pXi\Xcjf\mXclXk\[#dfe`kfi\[#Xe[dXeX^\[Yp`kjjfle[^fm\ieXeZ\jkilZkli\% _\ 9XebËj J\c] 8jj\jjd\ekj Xe[ Fg\iXk`feXc I`jb =iXd\nfib `eZcl[\j k_\ I`jb Xe[ :fekifc J\c]$8jj\jjd\ek Xe[ k_\ K Fg\iXk`feXcI`jbGfc`Zp#Xe[[\Ôe\jk_\9XebËjXggifXZ_kffg\iXk`feXci`jbdXeX^\d\ek%K_\fYa\Zk`m\f]k_\gfc`Zp`jkf \jkXYc`j_XZfej`jk\ekXggifXZ_kfXjj\jj`e^i\c\mXeki`jbjXe[k_\fm\iXccZfekifc\em`ifed\ekXZifjjk_\9Xeb#kf]XZ`c`kXk\ X[_\i\eZ\kfi\^lcXkfipi\hl`i\d\ekjXe[fk_\iZfigfiXk\`e`k`Xk`m\j% Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *+% C\Xj\Zfdd`kd\ekj K_\>iflgXe[k_\9Xeb_Xm\c\Xj\Zfdd`kd\ekj`ei\jg\Zkf]i\ek\[gi\d`j\jXe[\hl`gd\ek]fi_`i\#Xccf]n_`Z_Xi\ZcXjj`Ô\[ Xjfg\iXk`e^c\Xj\j%8jlddXipf]k_\efe$ZXeZ\ccXYc\cfe^k\idZfdd`kd\ekj#e\kf]jlYc\Xj\jXi\Xj]fccfnj1 Within 1 year Between 1 and 5 years >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 9,971 4,990 21,723 7,127 Capital expenditures: Authorised and contracted for >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 15,989 38,848 *-% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZp X% K_\ZXg`kXcX[\hlXZpiXk`fjXi\Xj]fccfnj1 :fdglkXk`fef]KfkXcI`jbN\`^_k\[8jj\kjÈIN8É Total credit RWA (Note 36(d)) Total market RWA (Note 36(f)) Total operational RWA >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 19,769,887 1,948,704 3,361,169 22,366,355 3,249,462 3,170,405 25,079,760 28,786,222 3,225,210 3,908,305 3,246,735 3,949,920 9\]fi\[\[lZk`e^gifgfj\[[`m`[\e[j1 Core capital ratio Risk weighted capital ratio 12.86% 15.58% 11.28% 13.72% 8]k\i[\[lZk`e^gifgfj\[[`m`[\e[j1 Core capital ratio Risk weighted capital ratio 11.86% 14.59% 9.89% 12.33% KfkXcI`jbN\`^_k\[8jj\kj :fdglkXk`fef]:Xg`kXcIXk`fj Tier 1 Capital Capital Base* ! @eXii`m`e^Xkk_\ZXg`kXcYXj\lj\[`ek_\iXk`fZXcZlcXk`fejf]k_\9Xeb#k_\gifgfj\[[`m`[\e[jn\i\efk[\[lZk\[% `k_\]]\Zk]ifd(AXelXip)''/#k_\ZXg`kXcX[\hlXZpiXk`fjf]k_\>iflgXe[k_\9XebXi\Zfdglk\[`eXZZfi[XeZ\n`k_ N 9XebE\^XiXDXcXpj`XËji\m`j\[I`jb$N\`^_k\[:Xg`kXc8[\hlXZp=iXd\nfibIN:8=$9Xj\c@@ %K_\>iflgXe[k_\9Xeb_Xm\ X[fgk\[k_\JkXe[Xi[`j\[8ggifXZ_]fi:i\[`kI`jbXe[DXib\kI`jb#Xe[k_\9Xj`Z@e[`ZXkfi8ggifXZ_]fiFg\iXk`feXcI`jb% ;`jZcfjli\jXi\`ec`e\n`k_k_\i\hl`i\d\ekjf]k_\9Xj\c@@G`ccXi*:feZ\gkGXg\i`jjl\[Yp9XebE\^XiXDXcXpj`Xfe *;\Z\dY\i)''/%K_\d`e`dldi\^lcXkfipZXg`kXcX[\hlXZpi\hl`i\d\ek`j/]fik_\i`jb$n\`^_k\[ZXg`kXciXk`f% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik *,% :Xg`kXcZfdd`kd\ekj 83 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *-% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ Y% K _\Zfdgfe\ekjf]K`\i@Xe[K`\i@@:Xg`kXcXi\Xj]fccfnj1 K`\i@:Xg`kXc Paid up ordinary share capital Share premium Retained profits Other reserves Less: Deferred tax assets :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik KfkXcK`\i@:Xg`kXc:fi\:Xg`kXc 84 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' K`\i@@:Xg`kXc General allowance for bad and doubtful debts and financing Maximum allowable subordinated debt capital KfkXcK`\i@@:Xg`kXc Total Eligible Tier II Less: Investments in subsidiary companies :Xg`kXc9Xj\ 121,697 380,303 2,642,125 121,697 (40,612) 121,697 380,303 2,667,900 121,697 (44,862) 3,225,210 3,246,735 283,115 400,000 303,205 400,000 683,115 703,205 683,115 (20) 703,205 (20) 3,908,305 3,949,920 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *-% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ Z% K_\Yi\Xb[fnef]I`jb$N\`^_k\[8jj\kjÈIN8É Yp\ogfjli\j`e\XZ_dXafii`jbZXk\^fip]fik_\Zlii\ekÔeXeZ`Xcp\XiXi\ Xj]fccfnj1 Fe$9XcXeZ\J_\\k<ogfjli\j1 Jfm\i\`^ej&:\ekiXcYXebj 9Xebj#;\m\cfgd\ek=`eXeZ`Xc @ejk`klk`fejD;9j @ejliXeZ\:fj#J\Zli`k`\j =`idj=le[DXeX^\ij :figfiXk\j I\^lcXkfipi\kX`c I\j`[\ek`Xcdfik^X^\j ?`^_\ii`jbXjj\kj Fk_\iXjj\kj <hl`kp ;\]Xlck\[\ogfjli\j KfkXcFe$9XcXeZ\J_\\k <ogfjli\j F]]$9XcXeZ\J_\\k<ogfjli\j1 FK:[\i`mXk`m\j F]]$YXcXeZ\j_\\k\ogfjli\j fk_\ik_XeFK:[\i`mXk`m\j fiZi\[`k[\i`mXk`m\j ;\]Xlck\[\ogfjli\j KfkXcF]]$9XcXeZ\J_\\k <ogfjli\j KfkXcFeXe[F]]$9XcXeZ\ J_\\k<ogfjli\j >ifjj \ogfjli\j IDË''' E\k \ogfjli\j IDË''' I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IDË''' 7,484,071 7,484,071 - - 9,595,935 9,595,935 2,191,274 175,302 2,716 2,361,043 6,096,462 9,942,990 66,201 453,507 7,499 617,520 2,716 2,350,257 5,862,517 9,942,990 66,201 453,507 7,499 617,520 2,714 2,288,500 4,397,623 3,761,253 99,301 401,318 2,299 638,504 218 183,080 351,810 300,900 7,944 32,105 184 51,080 36,627,944 36,383,213 13,782,786 1,102,623 2,118,453 2,118,453 1,211,748 96,940 5,918,410 14,823 5,918,410 14,823 4,757,148 18,205 380,572 1,456 8,051,686 8,051,686 5,987,101 478,968 44,679,630 44,434,899 19,769,887 1,581,591 :Xg`kXc i\hl`i\d\ekj IDË''' :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik )''0 <ogfjli\ZcXjj :i\[`ki`jb 85 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *-% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Z% K_\Yi\Xb[fnef]I`jbN\`^_k\[8jj\kjÈIN8É Yp\ogfjli\j`e\XZ_dXafii`jbZXk\^fip]fik_\Zlii\ekÔeXeZ`Xcp\XiXi\ Xj]fccfnj1Zfek`el\[ 86 )''0 <ogfjli\ZcXjj CXi^\<ogfjli\I`jb I\hl`i\d\ek DXib\kI`jb @ek\i\jkiXk\i`jb $Jg\Z`ÔZ`ek\i\jk iXk\i`jb $>\e\iXc`ek\i\jk iXk\i`jb =fi\`^eZlii\eZpi`jb Fgk`feji`jb Fg\iXk`feXcI`jb KfkXcIN8Xe[:Xg`kXcI\hl`i\d\ekj >ifjj \ogfjli\j IDË''' E\k \ogfjli\j IDË''' I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IDË''' Cfe^ Gfj`k`fe :Xg`kXc i\hl`i\d\ekj IDË''' J_fik Gfj`k`fe 2,434,051 241,600 4,405 352 441,879 120,334 316,178 148,008 1,787,557 148,008 8,734 143,005 11,841 699 1,948,704 155,897 3,361,169 268,894 25,079,760 2,006,382 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *-% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ Z% K _\Yi\Xb[fnef]I`jb$N\`^_k\[8jj\kjÈIN8É Yp\ogfjli\j`e\XZ_dXafii`jbZXk\^fip]fik_\gi\m`fljÔeXeZ`Xcp\Xi n\i\Xj]fccfnj1 Fe$9XcXeZ\J_\\k<ogfjli\j1 Jfm\i\`^ej&:\ekiXcYXebj 9Xebj#;\m\cfgd\ek=`eXeZ`Xc @ejk`klk`fejD;9j @ejliXeZ\:fj#J\Zli`k`\j =`idj=le[DXeX^\ij :figfiXk\j I\^lcXkfipi\kX`c I\j`[\ek`Xcdfik^X^\j ?`^_\ii`jbXjj\kj Fk_\iXjj\kj <hl`kp ;\]Xlck\[\ogfjli\j KfkXcFe$9XcXeZ\J_\\k <ogfjli\j F]]$9XcXeZ\J_\\k<ogfjli\j1 FK:[\i`mXk`m\j F]]$YXcXeZ\j_\\k\ogfjli\j fk_\ik_XeFK:[\i`mXk`m\j fiZi\[`k[\i`mXk`m\j ;\]Xlck\[\ogfjli\j KfkXcF]]$9XcXeZ\J_\\k <ogfjli\j KfkXcFeXe[F]]$9XcXeZ\ J_\\k<ogfjli\j >ifjj \ogfjli\j IDË''' E\k \ogfjli\j IDË''' I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IDË''' 8,999,997 8,999,997 - - 11,283,320 11,283,320 2,874,528 229,962 7,042 3,001,252 5,950,099 10,991,187 100,316 746,118 523,084 7,042 2,939,626 5,728,803 10,991,187 100,316 746,118 522,492 7,040 2,778,395 4,296,602 4,331,034 150,473 648,681 548,712 563 222,272 343,728 346,483 12,038 51,894 43,897 41,602,415 41,318,901 15,635,465 1,250,837 3,543,712 3,543,700 1,895,309 151,625 5,869,143 8,769 5,865,119 8,769 4,826,051 9,530 386,084 762 9,421,624 9,417,588 6,730,890 538,471 51,024,039 50,736,489 22,366,355 1,789,308 :Xg`kXc i\hl`i\d\ekj IDË''' :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik )''/ <ogfjli\ZcXjj :i\[`ki`jb 87 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *-% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Z% K_\Yi\Xb[fnef]I`jbN\`^_k\[8jj\kjÈIN8É Yp\ogfjli\j`e\XZ_dXafii`jbZXk\^fip]fik_\gi\m`fljÔeXeZ`Xcp\Xi n\i\Xj]fccfnj1Zfek`el\[ 88 )''/ <ogfjli\ZcXjj CXi^\<ogfjli\I`jb I\hl`i\d\ek DXib\kI`jb @ek\i\jkiXk\i`jb $Jg\Z`ÔZ`ek\i\jk iXk\i`jb $>\e\iXc`ek\i\jk iXk\i`jb =fi\`^eZlii\eZpi`jb Fgk`feji`jb Fg\iXk`feXcI`jb KfkXcIN8Xe[:Xg`kXcI\hl`i\d\ekj >ifjj \ogfjli\j IDË''' E\k \ogfjli\j IDË''' I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IDË''' Cfe^ Gfj`k`fe :Xg`kXc i\hl`i\d\ekj IDË''' J_fik Gfj`k`fe 3,233,034 19,388 18,636 1,491 538,836 1,169,859 458,396 578,288 2,043,666 1,169,859 17,301 163,493 93,589 1,384 3,249,462 259,957 3,170,405 253,632 28,786,222 2,302,897 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *-% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ [% K_\Yi\Xb[fnef]\ogfjli\jYpi`jbn\`^_kj]fik_\Zlii\ekÔeXeZ`Xcp\XiXi\Xj]fccfnj1 Jfm\i\`^ej 9Xebj# Xe[:\ekiXc D;9j 9Xebj Xe[;=@j IDË''' IDË''' <ogfjli\jX]k\iE\kk`e^Xe[:i\[`kI`jbD`k`^Xk`fe @ejliXeZ\ ZfdgXe`\j# J\Zli`k`\j =`idj ?`^_\i I\^lcXkfip I\j`[\ek`Xc i`jb Fk_\i Xe[=le[ DXeX^\ij :figfiXk\j i\kX`c dfik^X^\j Xjj\kj Xjj\kj <hl`kp IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' KfkXc \ogfjli\j X]k\i KfkXc e\kk`e^Xe[ i`jb Zi\[`ki`jb n\`^_k\[ d`k`^Xk`fe Xjj\kj IDË''' IDË''' 0% 20% 35% 50% 75% 100% 150% 7,484,071 - 507,572 8,648,717 2,104,381 99,648 - 75,319 5,767 92,059 82,774 4,675,483 2,247 1,776 9,362,748 42,355 31,674 8,392,575 1,545,184 166,290 535,554 8,704 107,907 51,515 843 402,237 - 6,500 999 - KfkXc\ogfjli\j 7,484,071 11,360,318 88,541 4,845,108 9,438,553 10,648,307 107,907 454,595 7,499 44,434,899 19,769,887 85,657 4,739,946 7,112,816 4,383,322 161,860 402,405 2,299 I`jbN\`^_k\[8jj\kj Yp<ogfjli\j Average Risk Weight Deduction from Capital Base 8,043,158 8,731,379 8,392,575 3,749,167 9,529,038 5,839,050 150,532 - 2,881,582 0% 25% 97% 98% 75% 41% 150% 89% 31% 45% - - - - - - - - - - 1,746,276 2,937,401 1,874,584 7,146,779 5,839,050 225,797 - 19,769,887 - :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik )''0 I`jbN\`^_kj 89 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *-% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik [% K_\Yi\Xb[fnef]i`jbn\`^_k\[Xjj\kjYpi`jbn\`^_kj]fik_\gi\m`fljÔeXeZ`Xcp\Xin\i\Xj]fccfnj1 90 )''/ I`jbN\`^_kj Jfm\i\`^ej Xe[:\ekiXc 9Xebj IDË''' 0% 20% 35% 50% 75% 100% 150% 8,999,997 - 51,022 10,390,210 3,423,364 5,776 44 1,324 63,431 - 196,708 227,608 5,750,716 6,489 742 8,949,460 45,323 29,779 8,796,225 1,832,527 625,513 422,653 20,407 147,139 90,732 9,141,751 8,379 10,595,297 2,119,059 - 8,796,225 3,078,678 - 5,485,565 2,742,782 - 9,574,973 7,181,229 650,921 6,938,820 6,938,820 203,858 305,787 KfkXc\ogfjli\j 8.999,997 13,870,416 64,755 6,181,521 9,025,304 11,697,325 147,139 750,032 50,736,489 22,366,355 - 3,795,566 64,093 5,913,594 6,802,456 4,917,341 220,709 652,596 0% 27% 99% 96% 75% 42% 150% 87% 44% - - - - - - - - - I`jbN\`^_k\[8jj\kj Yp<ogfjli\j Average Risk Weight Deduction from Capital Base <ogfjli\jX]k\iE\kk`e^Xe[:i\[`kI`jbD`k`^Xk`fe @ejliXeZ\ ZfdgXe`\j# J\Zli`k`\j 9Xebj# =`idj ?`^_\i D;9j Xe[=le[ I\^lcXkfip I\j`[\ek`Xc i`jb Xe[;=@j DXeX^\ij :figfiXk\j i\kX`c dfik^X^\j Xjj\kj IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' KfkXc \ogfjli\j X]k\i KfkXc e\kk`e^Xe[ i`jb Fk_\i Zi\[`ki`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj d`k`^Xk`fe Xjj\kj IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' - 22,366,355 - Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *-% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ \% K_\F]]$9XcXeZ\J_\\k<ogfjli\jXe[k_\`ii\cXk\[Zflek\igXikpZi\[`ki`jbf]k_\>iflgXe[k_\9XebXi\Xj]fccfnj1 Direct credit substitutes Gi`eZ`gXc Xdflek IDË''' Gfj`k`m\]X`i mXcl\f] [\i`mXk`m\ ZfekiXZkj IDË''' :i\[`k \hl`mXc\ek Xdflek IDË''' I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IDË''' 1,821,604 - 1,821,604 1,690,919 Transaction related contingent items 527,371 - 263,686 231,439 Short term self liquidating trade related contingencies 212,094 - 42,419 39,597 Forward asset purchases 107,311 - 107,311 56,458 14,039,888 4,700,921 - 140,774 233,399 - 358,506 660,627 - 267,549 490,040 - Foreign exchange related contracts: One year or less Over one year to five years Over five years :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik )''0 >iflgXe[9Xeb EXkli\f]`k\d 91 Interest/Profit rate related contracts: One year or less Over one year to five years Over five years 6,923,694 28,563,526 2,474,306 37,429 248,163 89,586 46,530 670,379 255,336 15,320 269,529 83,166 Equity related contracts: One year or less Over one year to five years Over five years 463,128 582,463 - 18,164 - 29,550 63,443 - 13,559 37,776 - Debt security contracts and other commodity contracts: One year or less Over one year to five years Over five years 373,940 195,890 - 7,887 - 34,082 - 34,811 - Other commitments, such as formal standby facilities and credit lines, with an original maturity of over one year 449,442 - 224,721 149,793 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *-% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ \% K_\ F]]$9XcXeZ\ J_\\k <ogfjli\j Xe[ k_\`i i\cXk\[ Zflek\igXikp Zi\[`k i`jb f] k_\ >iflg Xe[ k_\ 9Xeb Xi\ Xj ]fccfnj1 Zfek`el\[ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik )''0 >iflgXe[9Xeb EXkli\f]`k\d 92 Any commitments that are unconditionally cancelled at any time by the bank without prior notice or that effectively provide for automatic cancellation due to deterioration in a borrower’s creditworthiness Gi`eZ`gXc Xdflek IDË''' Gfj`k`m\]X`i mXcl\f] [\i`mXk`m\ ZfekiXZkj IDË''' :i\[`k \hl`mXc\ek Xdflek IDË''' I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IDË''' 5,697,541 - - - Unutilised credit card lines 17,367,458 - 3,473,492 2,607,145 Total 84,500,577 775,402 8,051,686 5,987,101 1,445,815 - 1,445,815 1,360,653 Transaction related contingent items 573,391 - 286,695 246,990 Short term self liquidating trade related contingencies 263,063 - 52,613 43,754 49,928 - 49,928 49,878 Foreign exchange related contracts: One year or less Over one year to five years Over five years 27,705,688 5,557,995 651,912 752,805 256,752 41,155 1,167,916 763,695 138,942 728,540 502,245 138,942 Interest/Profit rate related contracts: One year or less Over one year to five years Over five years 6,500,278 32,090,420 3,589,342 38,960 370,599 224,610 45,962 823,964 453,853 17,287 245,357 165,861 )''/ Direct credit substitutes Forward asset purchases Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *-% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ \% K_\ F]]$9XcXeZ\ J_\\k <ogfjli\j Xe[ k_\`i i\cXk\[ Zflek\igXikp Zi\[`k i`jb f] k_\ >iflg Xe[ k_\ 9Xeb Xi\ Xj ]fccfnj1 Zfek`el\[ Equity related contracts: One year or less Over one year to five years Over five years Gi`eZ`gXc Xdflek IDË''' 1,195,443 - Gfj`k`m\]X`i mXcl\f] [\i`mXk`m\ ZfekiXZkj IDË''' :i\[`k \hl`mXc\ek Xdflek IDË''' I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IDË''' 15,156 - 116,344 - 64,041 - - 33,036 - 33,036 - Debt security contracts and other commodity contracts: One year or less Over one year to five years Over five years 206,294 - Other commitments, such as formal standby facilities and credit lines, with an original maturity of over one year 1,077,602 - 538,801 426,885 Other commitments, such as formal standby facilities and credit lines, with an original maturity of up to one year 1,626,260 - 325,252 321,451 Any commitments that are unconditionally cancelled at any time by the bank without prior notice or that effectively provide for automatic cancellation due to deterioration in a borrower’s creditworthiness 3,701,052 - - - 15,894,041 - 3,178,808 2,385,970 102,128,524 1,708,318 9,421,624 6,730,890 Unutilised credit card lines Total 8,281 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik )''/ >iflgXe[9Xeb EXkli\f]`k\d 93 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *-% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ :i\[`kI`jb :i\[`ki`jbXi`j\j]ifdk_\gfjj`Y`c`kpk_XkXZflek\igXikpdXpY\leXYc\kfd\\kk_\k\idjf]XZfekiXZk`en_`Z_k_\9Xeb _Xj X ^X`e gfj`k`fe% 8j Xk \e[ f] *( ;\Z\dY\i )''0# k_\ Xdflekj f] Zi\[`k i`jb# d\Xjli\[ `e k\id f] k_\ Zfjk kf i\gcXZ\ gifÔkXYc\ZfekiXZkjnXjID..,#+')#''')''/$ID(#.'/#*(/#''' %K_`jXdflekn`cc`eZi\Xj\fi[\Zi\Xj\fm\ik_\c`]\f]k_\ ZfekiXZkjXjX]leZk`fef]dXkli`kp[Xk\jXe[dXib\kiXk\jfigi`Z\j% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik ]% K_\i`jbn\`^_k\[Xjj\kjXe[ZXg`kXci\hl`i\d\ekj]fik_\mXi`fljZXk\^fi`\jf]i`jble[\iIN:8=9Xj\c@@DXib\kI`jbXi\ Xj]fccfnj1 94 Interest rate risk - General interest rate risk - Specific interest rate risk Foreign currency risk - General risk - Execution risk Option risk Total >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IN8 IDË''' )''/ :Xg`kXc i\hl`i\d\ekj IDË''' I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IN8 IDË''' :Xg`kXc i\hl`i\d\ekj IDË''' 1,787,557 4,405 143,005 352 2,043,666 18,636 163,493 1,491 1,791,962 143,357 2,062,302 164,984 148,008 - 11,841 - 1,169,859 - 93,589 - 148,008 11,841 1,169,859 93,589 8,734 699 17,301 1,384 1,948,704 155,897 3,249,462 259,957 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *.% =X`imXcl\jf]]`eXeZ`XcXjj\kjXe[c`XY`c`k`\j _\ ]fccfn`e^ kXYc\ jlddXi`j\j k_\ ]X`i mXcl\j f] k_\ ]`eXeZ`Xc Xjj\kj Xe[ c`XY`c`k`\j ZXii`\[ fe YXcXeZ\ j_\\kj Xj Xk *( K ;\Z\dY\if]k_\>iflg% :Xiip`e^ mXcl\ )''0 IDË''' =X`i mXcl\ )''0 IDË''' :Xiip`e^ mXcl\ )''/ IDË''' =X`i mXcl\ )''/ IDË''' Cash and short term funds Deposits and placements with financial institutions Securities purchased under resale agreements Securities held-for-trading Securities available-for-sale Securities held-to-maturity Loans, advances and financing Other assets 10,713,979 10,713,979 12,384,425 12,384,425 1,328,452 1,337,374 2,655,452 2,662,134 2,326,772 5,352,684 7,499 18,497,072 1,066,002 2,326,772 5,352,684 7,499 18,404,525 1,066,002 125,771 3,183,108 5,291,218 7,499 19,848,830 2,054,554 125,771 3,183,108 5,291,218 7,499 19,020,473 2,054,554 Deposits from customers Deposits and placements of banks and other financial institutions Bills and acceptances payable Other liabilities Subordinated loan 29,829,083 29,936,737 29,589,640 29,593,533 3,694,910 48,010 2,150,482 400,000 3,594,353 48,010 2,150,482 400,000 9,602,856 42,269 3,146,546 400,000 9,603,923 42,269 3,146,546 400,000 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 95 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj *.% =X`imXcl\jf]ÔeXeZ`XcXjj\kjXe[c`XY`c`k`\j Zfek`el\[ K_\d\k_f[jXe[Xjjldgk`fejlj\[`e\jk`dXk`e^k_\]X`i mXcl\jf]ÔeXeZ`Xc`ejkild\ekjXi\Xj]fccfnj1 \% ;\gfj`kj ]ifd :ljkfd\ij Xe[ ;\gfj`kj Xe[ GcXZ\d\ekjf]9XebjXe[Fk_\i=`eXeZ`Xc@ejk`klk`fej X% :Xj_Xe[J_fikK\id=le[j#Xe[J\Zli`k`\jGliZ_Xj\[ le[\iI\jXc\8^i\\d\ekj K_\ZXiip`e^XdflekjXi\Xi\XjfeXYc\\jk`dXk\f]k_\ ]X`imXcl\jY\ZXlj\f]k_\`ij_fik$k\ideXkli\% K_\ ]X`i mXcl\j ]fi [\gfj`k c`XY`c`k`\j gXpXYc\ fe [\dXe[ [\dXe[ Xe[ jXm`e^j [\gfj`kj fi n`k_ i\dX`e`e^ dXkli`k`\j f] c\jj k_Xe fe\ p\Xi Xi\ \jk`dXk\[ kf Xggifo`dXk\ k_\`i ZXiip`e^ mXcl\j Xk YXcXeZ\ j_\\kj [Xk\% K_\ ]X`i mXcl\j f] Ôo\[ [\gfj`kj n`k_ i\dX`e`e^ dXkli`k`\j f] dfi\ k_Xe fe\ p\Xi Xi\ \jk`dXk\[ YXj\[ fe [`jZflek\[ ZXj_ Õfnj lj`e^ iXk\j Zlii\ekcp f]]\i\[ ]fi [\gfj`kj f] j`d`cXi i\dX`e`e^ dXkli`k`\j% K_\ ]X`i mXcl\j f] @jcXd`Z [\gfj`kj Xi\ [\\d\[ kf Xggifo`dXk\ k_\`i ZXiip`e^ mXcl\j Xj Xk YXcXeZ\j_\\kj[Xk\Xjk_\gifÔkiXk\jXi\[\k\id`e\[ Xkk_\\e[f]k_\`i_fc[`e^g\i`f[jYXj\[fek_\gifÔk ^\e\iXk\[ ]ifd k_\ Xjj\kj `em\jk\[% =fi e\^fk`XYc\ `ejkild\ek f] [\gfj`kj# k_\ \jk`dXk\[ ]X`i mXcl\j Xi\ YXj\[ fe hlfk\[ fi fYj\imXYc\ dXib\k gi`Z\j Xk k_\ YXcXeZ\j_\\kj[Xk\%N_\i\jlZ_hlfk\[fifYj\imXYc\ dXib\k gi`Z\j Xi\ efk XmX`cXYc\# k_\ ]X`i mXcl\j f] e\^fk`XYc\`ejkild\ekjf][\gfj`kjXi\\jk`dXk\[lj`e^ [`jZflek\[ZXj_Õfnk\Z_e`hl\j% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Y% ;\gfj`kjXe[GcXZ\d\ekjn`k_=`eXeZ`Xc@ejk`klk`fej 96 K_\ ]X`i mXcl\j f] [\gfj`kj Xe[ gcXZ\d\ekj n`k_ i\dX`e`e^dXkli`k`\jc\jjk_Xefe\p\XiXi\\jk`dXk\[ kfXggifo`dXk\k_\`iZXiip`e^mXcl\j%=fi[\gfj`kjXe[ gcXZ\d\ekjn`k_dXkli`k`\jf]dfi\k_Xefe\p\Xi#k_\ ]X`i mXcl\j Xi\ \jk`dXk\[ YXj\[ fe [`jZflek\[ ZXj_ Õfnj lj`e^ k_\ gi\mX`c`e^ dXib\k iXk\j f] j`d`cXi i\dX`e`e^dXkli`k`\j% Z% J\Zli`k`\j ?\c[$]fi$KiX[`e^# J\Zli`k`\j 8mX`cXYc\$]fi$JXc\ Xe[J\Zli`k`\j?\c[$kf$DXkli`kp K_\ ]X`i mXcl\j Xi\ \jk`dXk\[ YXj\[ fe hlfk\[ fi fYj\imXYc\ dXib\k gi`Z\j Xj Xk YXcXeZ\ j_\\kj [Xk\% N_\i\jlZ_hlfk\[fifYj\imXYc\dXib\kgi`Z\jXi\efk XmX`cXYc\# k_\ ]X`i mXcl\j Xi\ \jk`dXk\[ lj`e^ gi`Z`e^ df[\cj fi [`jZflek\[ ZXj_ Õfn k\Z_e`hl\j% N_\i\ [`jZflek\[ ZXj_ Õfn k\Z_e`hl\ `j lj\[# k_\ \og\Zk\[ ]lkli\ ZXj_ Õfnj Xi\ [`jZflek\[ lj`e^ gi\mX`c`e^ dXib\k iXk\j ]fi j`d`cXi `ejkild\ekj Xj Xk YXcXeZ\ j_\\kj[Xk\% ]% 9`ccjXe[8ZZ\gkXeZ\jGXpXYc\ K_\ ZXiip`e^ Xdflekj Xi\ X i\XjfeXYc\ \jk`dXk\ f] k_\`i]X`imXcl\jY\ZXlj\f]k_\`ij_fik$k\ideXkli\% ^% JlYfi[`eXk\[CfXe K_\ ZXiip`e^ Xdflek f] k_\ jlYfi[`eXk\[ cfXe Xggifo`dXk\j]X`imXcl\[l\kf`kjmXi`XYc\`ek\i\jkiXk\% [% CfXej#8[mXeZ\jXe[=`eXeZ`e^ _% Fk_\i8jj\kjXe[Fk_\iC`XY`c`k`\j K_\ ]X`i mXcl\j f] Ôo\[ iXk\ cfXej n`k_ i\dX`e`e^ dXkli`kpf]c\jjk_Xefe\p\XiXe[mXi`XYc\iXk\cfXej Xi\\jk`dXk\[kfXggifo`dXk\k_\`iZXiip`e^mXcl\j%=fi Ôo\[ iXk\ cfXej Xe[ @jcXd`Z cfXej n`k_ dXkli`k`\j f] dfi\ k_Xe fe\ p\Xi# k_\ ]X`i mXcl\j Xi\ \jk`dXk\[ YXj\[ fe \og\Zk\[ ]lkli\ ZXj_ Õfnj f] ZfekiXZklXc `ejkXcd\ekgXpd\ekjXe[[`jZflek\[Xkgi\mX`c`e^iXk\j XkYXcXeZ\j_\\kj[Xk\f]]\i\[]fij`d`cXicfXejkfe\n Yfiifn\ijn`k_j`d`cXiZi\[`kgifÔc\j#n_\i\Xggc`ZXYc\% @ei\jg\Zkf]efe$g\i]fid`e^cfXej#k_\]X`imXcl\jXi\ [\\d\[ kf Xggifo`dXk\ k_\ ZXiip`e^ mXcl\j# e\k f] jg\Z`ÔZ XccfnXeZ\ ]fi YX[ Xe[ [flYk]lc [\Ykj Xe[ ÔeXeZ`e^% >\e\iXc XccfnXeZ\ `j \oZcl[\[ ]ifd k_\ ZXiip`e^mXcl\% K_\]X`imXcl\jf]fk_\iXjj\kjXe[fk_\ic`XY`c`k`\jXi\ Xjjld\[ kf Xggifo`dXk\ k_\`i ZXiip`e^ mXcl\j [l\ kf k_\j_fikk\ideXkli\f]k_\j\ÔeXeZ`Xc`ejkild\ekjfi k_\ ]XZk k_Xk k_\p Xi\ [\i`m\[ Yp lj`e^ k_\ dXib\k iXk\jXkYXcXeZ\j_\\kj[Xk\% Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^ 8jj\kj Cash and short term funds Securities held-for-trading Securities available-for-sale Financing, advances and other loans Deferred tax assets Other assets >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' (a) (b) (c) (d) (f) KfkXcXjj\kj C`XY`c`k`\j Deposits from customers Deferred tax liabilities Other liabilities (g) (h) KfkXcc`XY`c`k`\j Islamic banking funds (i) KfkXcc`XY`c`k`\jXe[@jcXd`ZYXeb`e^]le[j Off-balance sheet exposures K_\efk\jfegX^\j('(kf()*Xi\Xe`ek\^iXcgXikf]k_\j\]`eXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj% (r) 878,460 65,397 401,371 527,007 1,718 91,716 22,191 75,004 775,932 418,416 127,110 1,965,669 1,418,653 1,632,416 151,041 845,246 4,599 405,600 1,783,457 1,255,445 182,212 163,208 1,965,669 1,418,653 2,920,577 2,735,568 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 9XcXeZ\j_\\kjXk*(;\Z\dY\i)''0 97 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ @eZfd\jkXk\d\ekj]fik_\p\Xi\e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0 Income derived from investment of depositors’ funds and others Allowance for losses on financing Transfer from Profit Equalisation Reserve (j) (k) (l) :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Total attributable income 98 Income attributable to depositors (m) Total attributable to the Bank Income derived from investment of Islamic Banking Capital Funds (n) Total net income Other operating expenses (p) Profit before taxation Taxation Profit after taxation K_\efk\jfegX^\j('(kf()*Xi\Xe`ek\^iXcgXikf]k_\j\]`eXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj% (q) >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 42,990 (2,267) 1,002 52,546 (3,986) 804 41,725 49,364 (15,603) (24,053) 26,122 25,311 30,222 15,913 56,344 41,224 (7,440) (4,969) 48,904 36,255 (12,300) (7,069) 36,604 29,186 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ JkXk\d\ekjf]Z_Xe^\j`e@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^=le[j]fik_\p\Xi\e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0 :Xg`kXc ]le[j IDË''' >iflgXe[9Xeb =X`imXcl\ I\kX`e\[ i\j\im\ gif]`kj IDË''' IDË''' KfkXc IDË''' 20,000 (1,391) 95,537 114,146 Profit after taxation - - 29,186 29,186 Unrealised net gain on revaluation of securities available-for-sale - 19,876 - 19,876 20,000 18,485 124,723 163,208 Profit after taxation - - 36,604 36,604 Unrealised net loss on revaluation of securities available-for-sale - (17,600) - (17,600) 20,000 885 161,327 182,212 8k(AXelXip)''/ 8k*(;\Z\dY\i)''/&(AXelXip )''0 8k*(;\Z\dY\i)''0 Efk\*/` K_\efk\jfegX^\j('(kf()*Xi\Xe`ek\^iXcgXikf]k_\j\]`eXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 99 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ :Xj_]cfnjkXk\d\ekj]fik_\p\Xi\e[\[*(;\Z\dY\i)''0 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 100 :Xj_]cfnj]ifdfg\iXk`e^XZk`m`k`\j Profit before taxation Adjustments for: Amortisation of premium less accretion of discount of investment securities Allowance for bad and doubtful debts (net of write-backs) Profit Equalisation Reserve Gain from disposal of securities available-for-sale Mark-to-market gain on securities held-for-trading >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 48,904 36,255 (1,488) (5,737) 2,267 (1,002) (27,997) (528) 3,986 (804) (29) (362) Operating profit before changes in working capital Changes in working capital: Securities held-for-trading Financing, advances and other loans Other assets Deposits from customers Other liabilities 20,156 33,309 10,135 (110,858) 35,394 787,170 (253,557) (74,626) (246,905) (15,062) (250,847) 218,890 Cash generated from/(used in) operating activities Income taxes paid 488,440 (12,464) (335,241) (7,583) E\kZXj_]ifd&lj\[`e fg\iXk`e^XZk`m`k`\j 475,976 (342,824) :Xj_]cfnj]ifd`em\jk`e^XZk`m`k`\j Purchase of securities available-for-sale Proceeds from disposal of securities available-for-sale (425,124) 805,417 (522,846) 80,907 E\kZXj_]ifd&lj\[`e `em\jk`e^XZk`m`k`\j 380,293 (441,939) Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January 856,269 22,191 (784,763) 806,954 878,460 22,191 :Xj_Xe[ZXj_\hl`mXc\ekjXk*(;\Z\dY\iEfk\*/X K_\efk\jfegX^\j('(kf()*Xi\Xe`ek\^iXcgXikf]k_\j\]`eXeZ`XcjkXk\d\ekj% Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 4,460 3,191 874,000 19,000 878,460 22,191 Y% J\Zli`k`\j_\c[$]fi$kiX[`e^ >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 8k]X`imXcl\ Bank Negara Malaysia Islamic Bills Z% J\Zli`k`\jXmX`cXYc\$]fi$jXc\ 8k]X`imXcl\ Malaysian Government Investment Issues Islamic Khazanah bonds 65,397 75,004 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 326,431 74,940 635,543 140,389 401,371 775,932 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik X% :Xj_Xe[j_fikk\id]le[j Cash and balances with banks and other financial institutions Money at call and deposit placements maturing within one month 101 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ [% =`eXeZ`e^#X[mXeZ\jXe[fk_\icfXej `% 9pkpg\ >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Term financing - Housing loans/financing - Hire purchase receivables - Lease receivables - Claims on customers under acceptance credits 564,069 8,868 6,722 451,518 17,187 12,336 - 3,213 Unearned income 579,659 (39,880) 484,254 (53,869) Gross financing, advances and other loans 539,779 430,385 Allowance for bad and doubtful financing - general - specific (8,029) (4,743) (6,374) (5,595) 527,007 418,416 Total net financing, advances and other loans 102 ``% 9pZfekiXZk Bai’Bithamin Ajil Ijarah Muntahia Bittamilik Diminishing Musharakah >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 50,710 15,590 473,479 64,804 32,736 332,845 539,779 430,385 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ [% =`eXeZ`e^#X[mXeZ\jXe[fk_\icfXejZfek`el\[ `m% 9pgifÔkiXk\j\ej`k`m`kp Fixed rate - Housing loans/financing - Hire purchase receivables - Other fixed rate/financing m% 9pj\Zkfi Manufacturing (including agriculture based) Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels Transport, storage and communication Finance, insurance, real estate and business services Household - Residential Other sectors >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 13,945 4,673 521,161 23,354 12,113 394,918 539,779 430,385 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 524,189 8,791 6,799 397,649 17,187 15,549 539,779 430,385 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 10,540 223 4,238 16,930 4,221 8,734 589 521,161 3,028 2,851 394,918 2,731 539,779 430,385 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik ```% 9pkpg\f]Zljkfd\i Domestic business enterprises - Small and medium enterprises - Others Individuals 103 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ [% =`eXeZ`e^#X[mXeZ\jXe[fk_\icfXejZfek`el\[ m`% 9pgligfj\ >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Purchase of landed property Purchase of fixed assets excluding land and building Working capital 104 524,189 397,649 15,590 - 29,523 3,213 539,779 430,385 \% Efe$g\i]fid`e^ÔeXeZ`e^EG= `% Dfm\d\ekj`eefe$g\i]fid`e^ÔeXeZ`e^#X[mXeZ\jXe[fk_\icfXejXi\Xj]fccfnj1 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' At 1 January Classified as non-performing during the year Amount recovered Amount written off 9,951 2,635 (758) (1,613) 9,983 2,567 (2,599) - At 31 December Specific allowance 10,215 (4,743) 9,951 (5,595) Net non-performing financing, advances and other loans 5,472 4,356 Ratio of net non-performing financing, advances and other loans to total gross financing, advances and other loans less specific allowance 1.02% 1.03% Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ \% Efe$g\i]fid`e^ÔeXeZ`e^EG= ``% Dfm\d\ekj`eXccfnXeZ\]fiYX[Xe[[flYk]lcÔeXeZ`e^Xi\Xj]fccfnj1 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' At 1 January Allowance made during the year 6,374 1,655 2,683 3,691 At 31 December 8,029 6,374 1.5% 1.5% At 1 January Allowance made during the year Amount written back Amount written off 5,595 877 (116) (1,613) 5,367 469 (241) - At 31 December 4,743 5,595 As % of gross financing, advances and other loans less specific allowance Jg\Z`ÔZXccfnXeZ\ ```% Efe$g\i]fid`e^ÔeXeZ`e^Ypj\Zkfi Manufacturing (including agriculture based) Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels Transport, storage and communication Finance, insurance, real estate and business services Household - Residential >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 4,275 28 4,774 461 501 5,912 1,035 3,180 10,215 9,951 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik >\e\iXcXccfnXeZ\ 105 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik ]% Fk_\iXjj\kj Profit receivable Other debtors, deposits and prepayments Revaluation gain on profit rate undertaking contracts (Note 38(s)) >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 2,343 8,492 5,981 24,814 80,881 96,315 91,716 127,110 ^% ;\gfj`kj]ifdZljkfd\ij `% 9pkpg\f][\gfj`k 106 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' Efe$Dl[_XiXYX_=le[ Demand deposits Saving deposits Negotiable instruments of deposit Other deposits 858,562 288,248 227,798 296,288 224,246 800 190,748 Dl[_XiXYX_=le[ General investment deposits 257,808 133,164 1,632,416 845,246 ``% 9pkpg\f]Zljkfd\i Government and statutory bodies Business enterprises Individuals Others >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 374 1,057,132 602,481 307,163 242,765 267,747 1,632,416 845,246 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ `% @jcXd`ZYXeb`e^]le[j Fund allocated Fair value reserve Retained earnings a% @eZfd\[\i`m\[]ifd`em\jkd\ekf][\gfj`kfijË]le[jXe[fk_\ij Income derived from investment of: `% General investment deposits ``% Other deposits >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 217 69,920 23 276 307,984 1,025 80,881 96,315 151,041 405,600 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 20,000 885 161,327 20,000 18,485 124,723 182,212 163,208 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 36,388 6,602 46,882 5,664 42,990 52,546 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik _% Fk_\ic`XY`c`k`\j Profit payable Other creditors and accruals Profit Equalisation Reserve (see Note 38(l)) Revaluation loss on profit rate undertaking contracts (Note 38(s)) 107 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ a% @eZfd\[\i`m\[]ifd`em\jkd\ekf][\gfj`kfijË]le[jXe[fk_\ijZfek`el\[ `% @eZfd\[\i`m\[]ifd`em\jkd\ekf]^\e\iXc`em\jkd\ek[\gfj`kj >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik =`eXeZ\`eZfd\Xe[_`YX_ Financing, advances and other loans Money at call and placements with financial institutions Income from securities available-for-sale Income from securities held-for-trading 15,922 12,645 4,264 11,058 2 15,010 10,150 - Accretion of discount less amortisation of premium 31,246 4,336 37,805 8,881 Total finance income and hibah 35,582 46,686 806 196 36,388 46,882 Fk_\ifg\iXk`e^`eZfd\ Fee income Income from general investment deposits 108 ``% @eZfd\[\i`m\[]ifd`em\jkd\ekf]fk_\i[\gfj`kj =`eXeZ\`eZfd\Xe[_`YX_ Financing, advances and other loans Money at call and placements with financial institutions Income from securities available-for-sale Accretion of discount less amortisation of premium Total finance income and hibah Fk_\ifg\iXk`e^`eZfd\ Fee income Income from investment of other deposits >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 2,889 1,528 774 2,006 1,813 1,226 5,669 4,567 787 1,073 6,456 5,640 146 24 6,602 5,664 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ Specific allowance - made in the financial year - written back in the financial year General allowance - allowance made in the financial year Bad debts on loan and financing (written back)/ written off >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 877 (116) 469 (241) 1,655 3,691 (149) 67 2,267 3,986 c% GifÔk<hlXc`jXk`feI\j\im\ The movement in Profit Equalisation Reserve is as follows: At 1 January Movement in the financial year At 31 December d% @eZfd\Xkki`YlkXYc\kf[\gfj`kfij Deposits from customers - Mudharabah Fund - Non-Mudharabah Fund Deposits and placements of banks and other financial institutions - Non-Mudharabah Fund Others >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 1,025 (1,002) 1,829 (804) 23 1,025 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 11,810 3,681 20,175 3,694 74 38 79 105 15,603 24,053 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik b% 8ccfnXeZ\]ficfjj\jfeÔeXeZ`e^ Allowance for bad and doubtful debts on financing: 109 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ e% @eZfd\[\i`m\[]ifd`em\jkd\ekf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^:Xg`kXc=le[j >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Financing, advances and other loans Money at call and placements with financial institutions Income from securities available-for-sale 1,449 843 388 1,006 1,001 677 Accretion of discount less amortisation of premium 2,843 395 2,521 592 Total finance income and hibah 3,238 3,113 528 27,997 630 (2,714) 543 362 29 8,086 4,323 - 26,984 12,800 30,222 15,913 Fk_\ifg\iXk`e^`eZfd\ Gain from securities held-for-trading Gain from securities available-for-sale Fee income (Loss)/Income from trading activities Insurance premium and referral 110 Income from Islamic Banking Capital Funds f% @eZfd\]ifd@jcXd`ZYXeb`e^fg\iXk`fej For consolidation with the conventional operations, income from Islamic banking operations comprises the following: Income derived from investment of depositors’ funds and others Profit Equalisation Reserve Income attributable to depositors Income derived from investment of Islamic Banking Capital Funds Efk\ >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' (j) (l) (m) 42,990 1,002 (15,603) 52,546 804 (24,053) (n) 30,222 15,913 58,611 45,210 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 1,113 21 14 - 514 18 15 12 5 7 8 6 20 59 3 6,269 4,325 7,440 4,969 Included in other operating expenses is the Syariah Committee’s remuneration of RM 108,000 (2008 – RM108,000). h% KXoXk`fe Current tax expense Deferred tax (income)/expense :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik g% Fk_\ifg\iXk`e^\og\ej\j Personnel costs - Salaries, allowances and bonuses - Contributions to Employees Provident Fund - Staff benefits and other compensations - Others Establishment costs - Depreciation - Rental - Utilities Administrative and general expenses - Maintenance of office equipment - Others 111 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' 12,464 (164) 965 6,104 12,300 7,069 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ i% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZp `% K_\ZXg`kXcX[\hlXZpiXk`fjXi\Xj]fccfnj1 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 112 :fdglkXk`fef]KfkXcI`jbN\`^_k\[8jj\kjÈIN8É Total credit RWA (Note (r)(iv)) Total market RWA (Note (r)(vi)) Total operational RWA 486,990 87,623 82,549 548,164 34,154 67,401 KfkXcI`jbN\`^_k\[8jj\kj 657,162 649,719 :fdglkXk`fef]:Xg`kXcIXk`fj Tier 1 Capital Capital Base 179,315 187,344 144,723 151,097 :fi\ZXg`kXciXk`f 27.29% 22.27% I`jbn\`^_k\[ZXg`kXciXk`f 28.51% 23.26% With effect from 1 January 2008, the capital adequacy ratios of the Group and the Bank are computed in accordance with Bank Negara Malaysia’s revised Risk-Weighted Capital Adequacy Framework (RWCAF-Basel II). The Group and the Bank have adopted the Standardised Approach for Credit Risk and Market Risk, and the Basic Indicator Approach for Operational Risk. Disclosures are in line with the requirements of the Basel II Pillar 3 Concept Paper issued by Bank Negara Malaysia on 3 December 2008. The minimum regulatory capital adequacy requirement is 8% for the risk-weighted capital ratio. Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ i% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ K_\Zfdgfe\ekjf]K`\i@Xe[K`\i@@:Xg`kXcXi\Xj]fccfnj1 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 )''/ IDË''' IDË''' K`\i@:Xg`kXc Fund allocated Retained earnings Less: Deferred tax assets 20,000 161,327 (2,012) 20,000 124,723 - Total Tier I Capital (Core Capital) 179,315 144,723 8,029 6,374 187,344 151,097 K`\i@@:Xg`kXc General allowance for bad and doubtful debts and financing :Xg`kXc9Xj\ ```% K_\Yi\Xb[fnef]I`jb$N\`^_k\[8jj\kjÈIN8É Yp\ogfjli\j`e\XZ_dXafii`jbZXk\^fip]fik_\Zlii\ekÔeXeZ`Xcp\Xi Xi\Xj]fccfnj1 E\k \ogfjli\j IDË''' I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IDË''' :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik ``% 113 )''0 <ogfjli\ZcXjj >ifjj \ogfjli\j IDË''' :i\[`ki`jb On-Balance Sheet Exposures: Sovereigns/Central banks Corporates Regulatory retail Residential mortgages Higher risk assets Other assets Defaulted exposures 1,202,775 85,425 761 519,721 169 12,649 3,893 1,202,775 83,342 761 519,721 169 12,649 3,893 22,491 411 207,310 254 8,189 3,935 1,799 33 16,585 20 655 315 Total On-Balance Sheet Exposures 1,825,393 1,823,310 242,590 19,407 :Xg`kXc i\hl`i\d\ekj IDË''' Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ i% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ ```% K_\Yi\Xb[fnef]I`jb$N\`^_k\[8jj\kjÈIN8É Yp\ogfjli\j`e\XZ_dXafii`jbZXk\^fip]fik_\Zlii\ekÔeXeZ`Xcp\Xi Xi\Xj]fccfnj1Zfek`el\[ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik )''0 <ogfjli\ZcXjj 114 :i\[`ki`jb Off-Balance Sheet Exposures: OTC derivatives Off-balance sheet exposures other than OTC derivatives or credit derivatives Total Off-Balance Sheet Exposures KfkXcFeXe[F]]$9XcXeZ\ J_\\k<ogfjli\j CXi^\<ogfjli\I`jb I\hl`i\d\ek DXib\kI`jb Profit rate risk - Specific profit rate risk - General profit rate risk Foreign currency risk Options risk Fg\iXk`feXcI`jb KfkXcIN8Xe[:Xg`kXcI\hl`i\d\ekj >ifjj \ogfjli\j IDË''' E\k \ogfjli\j IDË''' I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IDË''' 206,315 206,315 203,052 16,244 59,158 59,158 41,348 3,308 265,473 265,473 244,400 19,552 2,090,866 2,088,783 486,990 38,959 :Xg`kXc i\hl`i\d\ekj IDË''' Cfe^ Gfj`k`fe J_fik Gfj`k`fe 675,754 - - - 7,010 - 87,623 - 7,010 - 87,623 7,010 82,549 6,604 657,162 52,573 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ i% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ :i\[`ki`jb On-Balance Sheet Exposures: Sovereigns/Central banks Banks, Development Financial Institutions & MDBs Corporates Regulatory retail Residential mortgages Higher risk assets Other assets Defaulted exposures Total On-Balance Sheet Exposures 660,524 660,524 - - 2,296 161,460 5,331 394,980 142 8,821 2,938 2,296 156,277 2,356 394,980 142 8,821 2,441 459 43,965 1,767 161,466 213 5,630 2,811 37 3,517 141 12,917 17 450 225 1,236,492 1,227,837 216,311 17,304 115 Off-Balance Sheet Exposures: OTC derivatives Off-balance sheet exposures other than OTC derivatives or credit derivatives 259,721 259,721 256,613 20,529 121,537 121,537 75,240 6,019 Total Off-Balance Sheet Exposures 381,258 381,258 331,853 26,548 1,617,750 1,609,095 548,164 43,852 KfkXcFeXe[F]]$9XcXeZ\ J_\\k<ogfjli\j :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik ```% K_\ Yi\Xb[fne f] I`jb$N\`^_k\[ 8jj\kj ÈIN8É Yp \ogfjli\j `e \XZ_ dXafi i`jb ZXk\^fip ]fi k_\ gi\m`flj ÔeXeZ`Xc p\XiXi\Xj]fccfnj1 I`jb >ifjj E\k n\`^_k\[ :Xg`kXc )''/ \ogfjli\j \ogfjli\j Xjj\kj i\hl`i\d\ekj <ogfjli\ZcXjj IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ i% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ ```% K_\ Yi\Xb[fne f] I`jb$N\`^_k\[ 8jj\kj ÈIN8É Yp \ogfjli\j `e \XZ_ dXafi i`jb ZXk\^fip ]fi k_\ gi\m`flj ÔeXeZ`Xc p\Xin\i\Xj]fccfnj1Zfek`el\[ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik )''/ <ogfjli\ZcXjj CXi^\<ogfjli\I`jb I\hl`i\d\ek DXib\kI`jb Profit rate risk - Specific profit rate risk - General profit rate risk Foreign currency risk Options risk >ifjj \ogfjli\j IDË''' E\k \ogfjli\j IDË''' :Xg`kXc i\hl`i\d\ekj IDË''' Cfe^ Gfj`k`fe J_fik Gfj`k`fe 405,917 - 1,749 140 2,592 - 32,405 - 2,592 - 34,154 2,732 67,401 5,392 649,719 51,976 116 Fg\iXk`feXcI`jb KfkXcIN8Xe[:Xg`kXcI\hl`i\d\ekj I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IDË''' Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ i% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ `m% K_\Yi\Xb[fnef]\ogfjli\jYpi`jbn\`^_kj]fik_\Zlii\ekÔeXeZ`Xcp\XiXi\Xj]fccfnj1 KfkXc\ogfjli\j I`jbN\`^_k\[8jj\kj Yp<ogfjli\j Average Risk Weight Deduction from Capital Base Jfm\i\`^ej Xe[:\ekiXc 9Xebj IDË''' <ogfjli\jX]k\iE\kk`e^Xe[:i\[`kI`jbD`k`^Xk`fe @ejliXeZ\ ZfdgXe`\j# J\Zli`k`\j 9Xebj# =`idj ?`^_\i D;9j Xe[=le[ I\^lcXkfip I\j`[\ek`Xc i`jb Xe[;=@j DXeX^\ij :figfiXk\j i\kX`c dfik^X^\j Xjj\kj IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' KfkXc \ogfjli\j X]k\i KfkXc e\kk`e^Xe[ i`jb Fk_\i Zi\[`ki`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj d`k`^Xk`fe Xjj\kj IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' 1,202,775 - 6,527 80,727 - 1,506 - 74,940 1,758 155,763 - 684 122 90 381,839 162,816 2,571 3,798 - 218 4,460 8,189 - 1,207,235 74,940 381,839 171,785 2,693 249,983 308 14,988 133,644 85,893 2,020 249,983 462 1,202,775 87,254 1,506 232,461 896 551,024 218 12,649 2,088,783 486,990 0% - 83,991 96% - 1,506 100% - 171,630 74% - 568 63% - 220,778 40% - 328 150% - 8,189 65% - 23% - 486,990 - :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik )''0 I`jbN\`^_kj 0% 20% 35% 50% 75% 100% 150% 117 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ i% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik `m% K_\Yi\Xb[fnef]\ogfjli\jYpi`jbn\`^_kj]figi\m`fljp\Xin\i\Xj]fccfnj1 118 )''/ I`jbN\`^_kj 0% 20% 35% 50% 75% 100% 150% KfkXc\ogfjli\j I`jbN\`^_k\[8jj\kj Yp<ogfjli\j Average Risk Weight Deduction from Capital Base Jfm\i\`^ej Xe[:\ekiXc 9Xebj IDË''' <ogfjli\jX]k\iE\kk`e^Xe[:i\[`kI`jbD`k`^Xk`fe @ejliXeZ\ ZfdgXe`\j# J\Zli`k`\j 9Xebj# =`idj ?`^_\i D;9j Xe[=le[ I\^lcXkfip I\j`[\ek`Xc i`jb Xe[;=@j DXeX^\ij :figfiXk\j i\kX`c dfik^X^\j Xjj\kj IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' KfkXc \ogfjli\j X]k\i KfkXc e\kk`e^Xe[ i`jb Fk_\i Zi\[`ki`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj d`k`^Xk`fe Xjj\kj IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' 660,524 - 2,296 6,217 100,146 - 800 - 140,389 (325) 218,444 146 2,356 267 316,949 145,925 3,538 2,354 - 248 3,191 5,630 - 663,715 142,685 316,949 151,817 5,894 327,374 661 28,537 110,932 75,909 4,421 327,374 991 660,524 108,659 800 358,654 2,623 468,766 248 8,821 1,609,095 548,164 0% - 103,714 95% - 800 100% - 246,578 69% - 2,167 83% - 188,903 40% - 372 150% - 5,630 64% - 34% - 548,164 - Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ i% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ )''0 >iflgXe[9Xeb EXkli\f]`k\d Forward asset purchases Gi`eZ`gXc Xdflek IDË''' Gfj`k`m\]X`i mXcl\f] [\i`mXk`m\ ZfekiXZkj IDË''' :i\[`k \hl`mXc\ek Xdflek IDË''' I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IDË''' 31,602 - 31,602 31,602 Foreign exchange related contracts: One year or less Over one year to five years Over five years 1,724,295 - 67,825 - 198,164 - 198,164 - Interest/Profit rate related contracts: One year or less Over one year to five years Over five years 1,106,075 - 539 - 8,152 - 4,888 - Other commitments, such as formal standby facilities and credit lines, with an original maturity of over one year Any commitments that are unconditionally cancelled at any time by the bank without prior notice or that effectively provide for automatic cancellation due to deterioration in a borrower’s creditworthiness Total :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik `m% K_\F]]$9XcXeZ\J_\\k<ogfjli\jXe[k_\`ii\cXk\[Zflek\igXikpZi\[`ki`jbf]k_\>iflgXe[k_\9Xebf]k_\Zlii\ek p\XiXi\Xj]fccfnj1 119 55,111 - 27,555 9,746 3,494 - - - 2,920,577 68,364 265,473 244,400 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ i% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ m% K_\F]]$9XcXeZ\J_\\k<ogfjli\jXe[k_\`ii\cXk\[Zflek\igXikpZi\[`ki`jbf]k_\>iflgXe[k_\9Xeb]figi\m`fljp\Xi n\i\Xj]fccfnj1 )''/ >iflgXe[9Xeb EXkli\f]`k\d :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik Forward asset purchases 120 Gi`eZ`gXc Xdflek IDË''' Gfj`k`m\]X`i mXcl\f] [\i`mXk`m\ ZfekiXZkj IDË''' :i\[`k \hl`mXc\ek Xdflek IDË''' I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IDË''' 49,827 - 49,827 49,827 1,608,115 - 75,696 - 220,426 - 220,426 - 933,775 - 20,619 - 39,295 - 36,186 - Other commitments, such as formal standby facilities and credit lines, with an original maturity of up to one year 718 - 144 144 Other commitments, such as formal standby facilities and credit lines, with an original maturity of over one year 143,133 - 71,566 25,270 2,735,568 96,315 381,258 331,853 Foreign exchange related contracts: One year or less Over one year to five years Over five years Interest/Profit rate related contracts: One year or less Over one year to five years Over five years Total Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ i% :Xg`kXcX[\hlXZpZfek`el\[ m`% K_\i`jbn\`^_k\[Xjj\kjXe[ZXg`kXci\hl`i\d\ekj]fik_\mXi`fljZXk\^fi`\jf]i`jble[\iIN:8=9Xj\c@@DXib\kI`jb Xi\Xj]fccfnj1 >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj IN8 IDË''' :Xg`kXc i\hl`i\d\ekj IDË''' )''/ I`jb n\`^_k\[ Xjj\kj :Xg`kXc IN8 i\hl`i\d\ekj IDË''' IDË''' Profit rate risk - General profit rate risk - Specific profit rate risk 87,623 7,010 32,405 2,592 - - 1,749 140 Total Market Risk 87,623 7,010 34,154 2,732 j% ;\i`mXk`m\ÔeXeZ`Xc`ejkild\ekj Foreign exchange related contracts: - Cross currency Islamic profit rate undertaking Others - Islamic profit rate undertaking :fekiXZk 8dflek IDË''' )''0 Gfj`k`m\ ]X`i mXcl\ IDË''' E\^Xk`m\ ]X`i mXcl\ IDË''' :fekiXZk Xdflek IDË''' )''/ Gfj`k`m\ ]X`i mXcl\ IDË''' 3,198,236 67,825 67,825 3,216,229 75,696 75,696 2,212,150 13,056 13,056 1,867,550 20,619 20,619 5,410,386 80,881 80,881 5,083,779 96,315 96,315 Note 38(f) Note 38(h) Note 38(f) Note 38(h) E\^Xk`m\ ]X`i mXcl\ IDË''' :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik 121 Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ k% GifÔkiXk\i`jb :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik >iflgXe[9Xeb )''0 122 Lgkf( dfek_ IDË''' 5($* dfek_j IDË''' 5*$() dfek_j IDË''' 5($, p\Xij IDË''' 874,000 74,940 30,085 24,870 271,476 - 4,460 - 65,397 - 878,460 65,397 401,371 1.42% 1.92% 3.77% 5,324 - 1,479 - 24,905 - 204,844 - 370,455 - (85,472) 5,472 1,718 91,716 - 521,535 5,472 1,718 91,716 4.02% KfkXcXjj\kj 954,264 31,564 49,775 476,320 370,455 17,894 65,397 1,965,669 C@89@C@K@<J8E; @JC8D@:98EB@E>=LE;J Deposits from customers Deferred tax liabilities Other liabilities 851,412 - - 118,122 - 22,262 - 241,778 - 398,842 151,041 - 1,632,416 151,041 KfkXcc`XY`c`k`\j Islamic Banking Funds 851,412 - - 118,122 - 22,262 - 241,778 - 549,883 182,212 - 1,783,457 182,212 KfkXcc`XY`c`k`\jXe[@jcXd`Z 9Xeb`e^=le[j 851,412 - 118,122 22,262 241,778 732,095 - 1,965,669 On-balance sheets profit sensitivity gap 102,852 31,564 (68,347) 454,058 128,677 (714,201) 65,397 8JJ<KJ Cash and short term funds Securities held-for-trading Securities available-for-sale Financing, advances and other loans - performing - non-performing Deferred tax assets Others assets Fm\i, Efe$`ek\i\jk KiX[`e^ p\Xij j\ej`k`m\ Yffb IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' <]]\Zk`m\ `ek\i\jk KfkXc iXk\ IDË''' 1.33% Efk\jKfK_\=`eXeZ`XcJkXk\d\ekj */% K_\fg\iXk`fejf]@jcXd`Z9Xeb`e^Zfek`el\[ >iflgXe[9Xeb )''/ Lgkf( dfek_ IDË''' 5($* dfek_j IDË''' 5*$() dfek_j IDË''' 5($, p\Xij IDË''' Fm\i, Efe$`ek\i\jk KiX[`e^ p\Xij j\ej`k`m\ Yffb IDË''' IDË''' IDË''' <]]\Zk`m\ `ek\i\jk KfkXc iXk\ IDË''' 8JJ<KJ Cash and short term funds Securities held-for-trading Securities available-for-sale Financing, advances and other loans - performing - non-performing Deferred tax assets Others assets 19,000 - - - 448,386 327,546 3,191 - 75,004 - 22,191 75,004 775,932 3.78% 5.93% 3.70% 332,658 - 5,722 - 8,915 - 1,656 - 125,345 - (60,236) 4,356 127,110 - 414,060 4,356 127,110 6.09% KfkXcXjj\kj 351,658 5,722 8,915 450,042 452,891 74,421 75,004 1,418,653 C@89@C@K@<J8E; @JC8D@:98EB@E>=LE;J Deposits from customers Deferred tax liabilities Other liabilities 529,837 - 60,006 - 20,919 - 470 - 212,366 - 21,648 4,599 405,600 - 845,246 4,599 405,600 KfkXcc`XY`c`k`\j Islamic Banking Funds 529,837 - 60,006 - 20,919 - 470 - 212,366 - 431,847 163,208 - 1,255,445 163,208 KfkXcc`XY`c`k`\jXe[@jcXd`Z 9Xeb`e^=le[j 529,837 60,006 20,919 470 212,366 595,055 - 1,418,653 On-balance sheets profit sensitivity gap (178,179) (54,284) (12,004) 449,572 240,525 (520,634) 75,004 2.34% :`k`YXeb9\i_X[s)''08eelXcI\gfik k% GifÔkiXk\i`jbZfek`el\[ 123 :`k`YXeb9\i_X[)0.'/0D +,k_=cffi#D\eXiX:`k`YXeb (-,AXcXe8dgXe^ ,'+,'BlXcXCldgli K 1 '*$)*/*/,/, = 1 '*$)*/*-''' nnn%Z`k`YXeb%Zfd%dp